Jorvik A Viking City

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THE CITY
1. Jorvik -
a Viking City
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Peter Addyman

In AD 866, when the Vikings set off from East Viking kings, either Danish or Norse, ruled
Anglia to capture York, it was already a place of York with only one interruption from AD 866 to
great importance. Originally a Roman 954. The only break came when Alfred the
stronghold, and later the capital of the Anglian Great's powerful grandson, King Athelstan,
Kingdom of Northumbria, the city had strong briefly regained control for the English from AD
defensive walls and must have contained a 927 to 939. But in AD 954 Eric Bloodaxe, the
royal palace. The Church in York was headed by last Viking king, was expelled, and York finally
an archbishop, and had long been famous became part of the new kingdom of England.
throughout Europe for its fine library and Many of the Vikings who had settled in
scholars. York's communications were good: York stayed behind, however, andlcontinued their
roads following natural ridges across the marshy prosperous life as traders and craftsmen. Under
Vale of York linked the city to the fertile lands the Vikings, York lay at the centre of a huge
of East Yorkshire and to the Pennine uplands in area of Scandinavian settlement in north-
the west. The river Ouse linked York to the eastern England; the city had grown larger, and
North Sea, and brought trading ships to the city had become a more important centre for
from many countries. manufacturing, crafts and trade than ever
before. I n about AD 1000 a writer described
York as "filled with treasures of merchants from
t many lands, particularly the Danes," and when

William the Conqueror had Domesday Book

drawn up in 1086 to list England's wealth, York


was second only to London in size and
prosperity.

YORK

D pr:sr~,:ed;nhsb;ted

Map of Jorvik in the late Viking-age

';.

Map to show areas of Scandinavian settlement\-


evidence drawn from distribution of Scandinavian place
names
.Areas of intensive Scandinavian settlement

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