GROUP 1

ISSUES AND TRENDS

IN ANIMAL INDUSTRY
AND ITS EFFECT ON
ANIMAL RAISERS
Nicole Imee Ege Stephanie Mae Bela-ong
Rolyn Liguan Susan Esteva
Cherrylyn Dela Cruz Nikken Longno
Dexter Sobretodo
These days, other than struggling to what pandemic has brought us, our
country also faces various issues related to our animal industry.

As future Agriculturists and Agricultural and Biosystems Engineers we

take a lead role, especially in production, harvesting, processing,
storage of animal end products by providing inputs as we are equipped
with knowledge on new agricultural innovations.

OBJECTIVES
1 Identify Issues and Trends in Animal Industry

2 Evaluate effects and constraints of and on the identified issues/trends

3 Determine actions taken by the government and private individuals

Introduce Tools and Equipments used in Animal Industry

4
 ISSUES
Feed, animal feed or food grown
E
are developed for livestock and
ISSU poultry. Modern feeds are
NO. 1
FE ED produced by carefully selecting

SC AR CITY and blending ingredients to provide

highly nutritional diets that both
maintain the health of the animals
and increase the quality of such
end products as meat, milk and
egg. Ongoing improvements in
animal diets have resulted from
research, experimentation, and
chemical analysis by agricultural
scientists.
 ISSUES
Effect: Feed scarcity reduces livestock, crop and
non-farm productivity, availability and access
ISSUE to food, via decreased food supply and incomes.
NO. 1
FE ED The nutrition of livestock and other

SC AR CITY domesticated animals can be sacrificed that

will later on affect the food production industry
and hence reduces food and nutrition security
and consequently human welfare.
Solutions: Support for cultivated forage, training
on improved feed conservation, training of
farmers on efficient feed practices, and
seminars towards feed processing and
production.
 ISSUES
Animal housing such as barns and
pens conforming to animal care NO. 2 IS
and welfare regulations for animal LACK OF SUE

spaces. Thus, animals should

receive sufficient species- ANIMAL
appropriate, uncontaminated,
palatable, and nutritionally
HOUSING
adequate food to meet their needs
for growth or maintenance.
Food should be stored in
appropriate storage areas off the
floor to minimize deterioration and
contamination with regular
cleaning of feeding equipment
performed.
 ISSUES
Effects: Without proper Animal housing
facility and sanitation, changes in the NO. 2 IS
“habitat” may interfere with the normal
functioning and produce behavioral,
LACK OF SUE

modifications in domestic and wild ANIMAL

animals. Particularly, high stress levels
can reduce the immune system response HOUSING
and promote infectious diseases.
Solutions:Providing the community with
technical and financial support for
construction of animal house and
fencing materials. Consultation from
your local assigned ABE for
appropriate lands and areas to
construct housing.
 ISSUES
NO. 3 ISSUE Reproduction is an important
LOW consideration in the economics of animal
PRODUCTIVE production. In the absence of regular
CAPACITY AND breeding means it will not be profitable
and is possible only by increasing the
POOR reproductive efficiency of the animals.
REPRODUCTIVE Animal infertility is due to various causes
PERFORMANCE such as nutrition, physiological
OF LOCAL disturbances and infectious causes, which
BREEDS may work separately or in combination.
 ISSUES
NO. 3 ISSUE Effects: The failure of breeding animals to
LOW reproduce directly impacts the economic
PRODUCTIVE viability of every animal operation and
production.
CAPACITY AND
POOR Solutions: Improving quality of local breeds,
REPRODUCTIVE introduction of improved breeds, and training
PERFORMANCE of farmers in animal breeding and
OF LOCAL reproduction.
BREEDS
 Important environmental

issues that impact livestock

production includes:

1 Global Warming
Tropical Deforestation

water-use issues
2 range lands and desertification

3 livestock-wildlife interactions
 GOVERNMENT SUPPORT
It is imperative that the government act upon the issue. President Ferdinand
Marcos implemented Presidential Decree No. 914, or the protection and
creation of powers for the Livestock Development Council under the
Department of Agriculture.
It is a regulatory body which oversees livestock production to ensure its
efficiency and sustainability.
Department of Agriculture (DA) implements an expanded livestock and
poultry production and livelihood project.
These include chicks for broiler production, or ready-to-lay pullets for table
egg production, or free-range chicken, ducks, swine (for ASF free areas),
goats, sheep, cattle, and carabao.
Under the project, qualified beneficiaries will receive initial stocks of
livestock and poultry animals for them to raise and propagate as source of
food and sustainable income ---- especially those farm families who loss
their jobs due to the pandemic, and those whose hogs and poultry stocks
were depopulated due to the African Swine Fever or avian influenza (bird
flu) --- Agriculture Secretary William Dar.
 TRENDS

https://www.reallygreatsite.com

How is technology

affecting the animal

farming industry ?
Farmers today are facing challenges from infrastructure to
connectivity, growing demands for animal proteins to food spoilage,
and disease with concerns rising around animal health.
 TRENDS
https://www.reallygreatsite.com

• Advances in genetics:
-Improve growth characteristics,
-Protect against diseases (e.g., reduce
antibiotic use),
-Identify and select for traits in animals that
increase their adaptability and resilience to
climate change and variability
 TRENDS
https://www.reallygreatsite.com

Advances in technology :
-Minimize animal production wastes
and improve nutrient recycling in
animal and;
-Improve animal welfare
-Protect against disease
-Minimize spoilage of food
(e.g., through better packaging)
 TRENDS
https://www.reallygreatsite.com

·Advances in social sciences:

-Improve communication among the public,
the food animal industry and scientists,
-Improve understanding of the economic
and social drivers that govern (impact)
food animal development
-Improve understanding and development
of policy tools that optimize animal food
production.
 TRENDS
https://www.reallygreatsite.com

Advances in breeding and growth

techniques:
-Reproductive Animal Biotechnology in various aspects
of animal health and welfare improvement, enhanced
reproduction, and improved nutritional quality and
safety of animal-derived foods. This includes methods
such as artificial insemination (AI), embryo transfer
(ET), in-vitro fertilization (IVF), somatic cell nuclear
transfer, and the emerging technology on somatic cell
nuclear transfer.
Advances in nutrition and management
CURRENT ISSUES AND TRENDS IN ANIMAL
INDUSTRY

Botswana announces
suspected outbreak
of bird flu
By Grace Kuria / September 1, 2021
 Botswana announces suspected outbreak of Bird Flu
By Grace Kuria / September 1, 2021

The potential case of bird flu was identified in the Kgatleng district of Botswana in
South Africa. The country’s ministry of agriculture has banned the movement of live
birds, eggs, meat and feathers within and out of the Bokaa area to contain the
outbreak.
Movement of live poultry and their products transiting through Bokaa extension
area is allowed only if: the consignment is accompanied by a valid livestock
movement permit, transported in a sealed vehicle/container, and that the seals
are only broken by veterinary officials at the destination.
Poultry keepers have been encouraged to improve biosecurity measures in their
facilities to deter wild birds including but not limited to: preventing access of wild
birds to watering points, removing feed that is accessible to wild birds, deploying
scarecrows to deter wild birds, as well as keeping poultry birds in bird-proof
poultry houses/shelters and using footbaths with disinfectants when entering or
exiting poultry houses.
CURRENT ISSUES AND TRENDS IN ANIMAL
INDUSTRY

Department of

Agriculture signs with

private sector to

address pork shortage

in the Philippines

RAPPLER.COM / APR 22, 2021 6:32 PM PHT

Private groups UNAHCO and PIC

bare plans to repopulate swine
herds in the next 2-3 years
 Department of Agriculture signs with private sector to
address pork shortage in the Philippines
RAPPLER.COM / APR 22, 2021 6:32 PM PHT

When the African Swine Fever (ASF) – a contagious viral disease that affects
pigs – hit the Philippines in 2019, it impacted both big and small producers,
vendors, and even consumers.
Hog raisers had to kill herds of pigs because they couldn’t risk selling
infected meat and further spreading the disease – this is on top of over 3
million pigs that died because of ASF-related causes. The crisis hit backyard
hog raisers harder because they didn’t have the safety net or biosecurity
system that some commercial farms have.
The devastation, which caused a severe pork supply shortage, trickled down
to market vendors who were paralyzed by the price ceiling, forcing some to
close shop.
 Department of Agriculture signs with private sector to
address pork shortage in the Philippines
RAPPLER.COM / APR 22, 2021 6:32 PM PHT

DA also launched programs to help address this crisis such as the BABay ASF (Bantay ASF
sa Barangay) and INSPIRE (Integrated National Swine Production Initiatives for Recovery
and Expansion) programs. BABay ASF focuses on containing the disease and restocking
swine inventory and INSPIRE’s goal is to accelerate the repopulation and recovery of the
hog industry to make sure that pork can be accessible and affordable to Filipinos.
Led by feed supplier Univet Nutrition and Animal Healthcare Company (UNAHCO), the
government signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) where organizations in the
public and private sectors within the agricultural and veterinary industries will work
together in reviving the hog industry. Also part of this MoU is Pig Improvement Company
(PIC), a company that specializes in providing genetically superior breeders to
commercial farms. These breeders provide the foundation for the production of market
pigs and will allow hog raisers to produce more pigs that grow faster, converting feed
into meat more efficiently.
PIC is also equipping them with the tools and resources they need to make production
more efficient and sustainable. This includes data and information on nutrition, breeder
management, wean-to-finish management, animal health, and even meat science.
 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USED IN ANIMAL INDUSTRY
"RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
BUILDING TOUR:
Equipment and Machinery
Identification"

"ZARRAGA FARM ESCAPADE:

Structure and Machinery
Identification"
 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BUILDING
Started in a small scale operation in 2015, Research and Development Center is known as the
Biggest Research Center Whole Philippines focused only on the research about Native Chickens.

FEED MILL STATION FEED MILL

 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BUILDING

ISOLATION BUILDING NATIVE CHICKEN HOUSING

BiOLOGICAL SAFETY CHAMBER

 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BUILDING

NATIVE CHICKEN HOUSING WATERER

CAGES
 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BUILDING

INCUBATOR ROOM

INCUBATOR
 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BUILDING
OTHER EQUIPMENTS
VACUUM PACK SEALER FREEZER

INDUSTRIAL JUICER
ZARRAGA FARM

NATIVE CHICKEN POULTRY HOUSE

 ZARRAGA FARM

NATIVE SWINE PIGSTY AERATOR

FARROWING CRATE
 REMEMBER
Through OUR MICRO STEPS, we can bring MACRO IMPACT
As an Agriculture and Agricultural Biosystems Engineering student, we can
contribute to ease such issues as we can serve as the voice of our farmers
and animal raisers in asking help and support from our government, educate
public and spread awareness, and being updated of the current issues related
to our animal industry.
 THANK YOU!

REFERENCES:
www.thepoultrysite.com. (2021, September 1). Suspected bird flu outbreak identified in Botswana. Retrieved from
https://www.thepoultrysite.com/news/2021/09/suspected-bird-flu-outbreak-identified-in-botswan
Rappler.com. (2021, april 22). Department of Agriculture signs with private sector to address pork shortage in the Philippines.
Retrieved from Department of Agriculture signs with private sector to address pork shortage in the Philippines
(https://www.britannica.com/topic/feed-agriculture)
(https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Major-Problems-Facing-Livestock-Production-and-Suggested-Solutions_tbl3_281121484)
(https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/animal-housing)
(https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/65961)
-(https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Major-Problems-Facing-Livestock-Production-and-Suggested-Solutions_tbl3_281121484)
(http://www.agritech.tnau.ac.in/expert_system/cattlebuffalo/Breeding%20management%20of%20cattle%20and%20buffaloes-
2.html)
-(https://www.thebeefsite.com/articles/1698/what-is-the-economic-impact-of-infertility-in-beef-cattle/)
Biotechnology for the Livestock Industry | ISAAA.org
Issues and trends in the
animal industry and its
effect on animal raisers
Group 2
African Swine Fever
I. African Swine Fever

A. History

1907- First outbreak was retrospectively recognized as having occurred.

1921- ASF was first described in Kenya.
1957- The disease remained restricted to Africa until, when it was
reported in Lisbon, Portugal.
1960- Further outbreak occurred in Portugal.
1980s- The disease became established in the Iberian peninsula, and
sporadic outbreaks occurred in France, Belgium, and other
European countries.
 History
Mid- 1990s - Both Spain and Portugal managed to eradicate the disease
through a slaughter policy. ASFV crossed the Atlantic Ocean, and were
reported in some Caribbean islands, including Hispaniola. Major
outbreaks of ASF in Africa are regularly reported to the World
Organization for Animal Health.

2018 - virus spread to Asia, affecting more than 10 percent

of the total pig population in several countries,
leading to severe economic losses in the pig sector.
 B. Cause
African swine fever (ASF) is a highly
contagious haemorrhagic viral disease
of domestic and wild pigs. It is caused
by a large DNA virus of the
Asfarviridae family, which also infects
ticks of the genus Ornithodoros.
 C. Effect
❑ African swine fever causes severe illness and
high death rates in pigs.
❑ All ages of pigs are affected.
❑ Signs of illness include high fever, decreased
appetite, and weakness. The skin may be
reddened, blotchy, or have blackened lesions,
especially on the ears, tail, and lower legs.
❑ Other signs may include diarrhea, abortion, and
respiratory illness.
❑ Death usually occurs
within 7 to 10 days, but
sudden death is possible in
newly exposed herds.
❑ Animals that recover from
the illness can be carriers
of the virus for several
months.
 D. Modes of Transmission
1 Direct
- main mode of transmission, occurs when infected animals come into
contact with healthy animals (contact with infective saliva, respiratory
secretions, urine and feces.)

2 Indirect
- occurs via contaminated feed and fomites; this mode of transmission
can be particularly important in introducing ASF to disease-free areas.

3 Vector-borne
- argasid ticks (Ornithodoros spp.) serve as a vector
for transmission of the disease, passing the virus to
swine hosts when taking their blood meal. Infected
ticks are also able to transmit ASFV to other ticks.
 II. Impact
a. Effects of ASF to hog farmers and
consumers

ASF has hit backyard farmers harder than commercial

pork producers. The disease is known for its economic
impact on smallholders and emerging commercial
farmers. "It negatively affects the livelihoods of numerous
poor households that depend on pigs as a source of
protein and income, as means to capitalize savings, and
as 'safety nets' during times of hardship,".
 National effect of ASF to Global effect of ASF to hog
hog farmers farmers

At the national level, one Globally, the main

major consequence of economic impact is
ASF is the loss of status occurring in China, where
for international trade annual pork production
and the costs of had grown by more than
implementing drastic 50 million tonnes since
measures to control the 2010.
disease.
 b. Economic Impact
The ASF is responsible for the significant
reduction in the country's swine population by
around three million hogs, resulting in more
than PHP100 billion ($2.08 billion) in losses due
Oh no!
to the local hog sector and allied industries, and
leading to increased retail prices of pork
products,”

According to SciDev.Net. The COVID-19

scenario coupled with the ongoing ASF
outbreaks in Luzon and Mindanao, and other
type of calamities, where supply is reduced
causes pork prices to spike particularly in Metro
Manila.
III. Response
a. Government Sector

Integrated National Swine

Production Initiatives for
Recovery and Expansion Thank You!

- is a collective effort of the

government together with different
stakeholders and institutions to
recover from the adverse effects of
ASF.
 a. Government Sector
Bantay ASF sa Barangay Program or the BaBay ASF
- is a program that aims to intensify the risk management,
surveillance and monitoring of each municipality with regards
to ASF and strengthen biosecurity implementation in the
barangay level. The program would also provide capability
building and awareness to Barangay Biosecurity Officers (BBO)
which will serve as field responders in monitoring the African
Swine Fever in their municipalities.

The Swine Repopulation, Rehabilitation and Recovery

(Swine R3) Credit Program
is a credit window to support the national government’s efforts
in the recovery and repopulation of the local swine industry
through financing of bio-secured farm projects.
 PCIC Swine Industry Insurance Program

is a relaxed version of the agency’s regular livestock

insurance program, offering free premium payments
for backyard raisers and discounted premium for
commercial hog raisers, and increased indemnity
payments for culled hogs which covers ₱10,000 per
head for fatteners, ₱14,500 per head for breeders, and
₱34,000 per head for parent stocks.

Oink,
Oink!
Oink?
 b. Private Sector
Presyong Risonable Dapat (PRD):
Frozen Meat Edition
● Private malls such as Robinsons and
PureGold participated in Presyong
Risonable Dapat (PRD): Frozen Meat
Edition Program wherein frozen pork
products are sold in cheaper prices
compared to the standard prices which
ranges from P199 to 229 per kilo
depending on the part
 b. Private Sector
Private Companies to Show Awareness

Showing support to the government’s

efforts on ASF private companies such as
Pilmico launched awareness campaigns
that focuses on the importance of
biosecurity which promotes self-
awareness to all individuals highlighting
their integral role in keeping diseases like
ASF out of the country.
III. Recommendations
1 Culling animals on infected farms,
followed by cleaning and disinfection,
tracing possible contact farms,
followed by quarantine or preventive
culling, tightening biosecurity
measures, transport ban on pigs and
pork products
 The next step is quarantine. Never introduce
2 new stock into a herd directly. Farms should
have barns available to keep new pigs
separated from the rest of the herd for a
minimum of 30 days. This should also be done
when pigs return from fairs, shows, or
exhibitions.
3 Fresh feed is also an important step in keeping the herd
healthy. It’s important to work with our feed suppliers to
understand where those ingredients are being sourced and the
associated risk factors, and ultimately make the best decisions
for a specific production system to help reduce the risk of
disease transmission.

Yum,
Oink!
yum!
4 The final step in biosecurity, and the most
important in disease control, is to ensure
environmental measures are in place in the
facilities. Sanitation and proper ventilation of
buildings will help prevent disease. Keeping a Safe,
Oink!
clean farm is essential for a profitable operation.
Barns and equipment should be thoroughly
disinfected because a clean environment means
healthier pigs.
 IV. As a student, what
can you contribute to
ease the problem
Help, Oink!

• Study Hard
• Spread Awareness and
Information
• Prayers
• Backyard Farming
Thank You for your Attention!

Group 2
Yver Ivan Yonder John Federick Balsicas

Jude Matthew Batan Ailene Mae Sorilla

Jayrome Galfo Rechelle M. Tacardon

Arjay Magno
Whoa!
This could be the part of
the presentation where you
introduce yourself
 Awesome words
Because key words are great for catching your audience’s attention
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The ball isn’t...

Squared
Despite being red,
Mars is cold
 Matching pairs
Mars Venus
Mars is very Venus has a
cold, not hot nice name

Neptune Saturn
Neptune is Saturn is the
the farthest ringed one

Mercury Jupiter
It was named Jupiter is a
after a god gas giant
 01 02

Moon-shaped Heart-shaped
Saturn is the ringed one. It is a gas Mercury is the closest to the Sun.
giant in the Solar System It was named after a Roman god
 Morning route

Stop 1 Stop 2 Stop 3

Shop School Park
Venus has a Mars is a cold Jupiter is the
nice name place, not hot biggest planet
03
Analysis
You could enter a subtitle here if
you need to describe the section
 Which colors do I have at home?
50% 25%
Red Yellow
Mars is a very Saturn is the
cold place indeed ringed one

30% 75%
Blue Green
Venus has a Jupiter is the
beautiful name biggest planet
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Jupiter is the
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Yes, it is!

It is a
rectangle
Saturn is the
ringed one
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web
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image on the screen with
your own work, right-click
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 Our team

Kevin Jules Georgina

Letterman Gunner Simpson
Mars is a cold Saturn is the Jupiter is the
place, not hot ringed one biggest one
Alternative resources
 CURRENT TRENDS IN ANIMAL
PRODUCTION AND MARKETING
ISSUES AND TRENDS IN THE ANIMAL
INDUSTRY AND ITS EFFECT ON
ANIMAL RAISERS
 EVALUATE THE CONSTRAINTS IDENTIFIED IN THE TOPIC:

(1)COVID-19 EFFECTS ON THE LIVESTOCK PRODUCT SUPPLY CHAIN

Livestock, and particularly pig and poultry, production in the industrialized world, and
increasingly in the developing world, is characterized by its intensive nature, initially
driven by post-war government policies intended to increase production and decrease
cost, but now sustained by consumer demand for cheap food.
The immediate impact of COVID-19 was a wave of panic buying by the public.
Among the products to disappear from supermarket shelves in the first few days were
toilet rolls, disinfectants and sanitizers, pasta, rice, flour, and yeast, and in some
countries, eggs, cheese, and milk.
Countries such as the U.S. Have two relatively distinct supply chains:
one that supplies grocery stores and one that supplies the food
service industry. As restaurants and schools closed, overall demand
for dairy showed a 12–15% decline in the U.S., Leading to milk
surplus and dumping. Whole egg demand increased but liquid egg
demand, usually 30% of the U.S. Egg market, decreased, leading to
plant closures, contract cancellations, and the euthanasia of laying
hens.
 (2) THE INCREASING DEMAND FOR LIVESTOCK
PRODUCTS
The livestock sector globally is highly dynamic. In developing countries, it is evolving in
response to rapidly increasing demand for livestock products. In developed countries,
demand for livestock products is stagnating, while many production systems are
increasing their efficiency and environmental sustainability
Historical changes in the demand for livestock products have been largely driven by
human population growth, income growth and urbanization and the production
response in different livestock systems has been associated with science and
technology as well as increases in animal numbers.
 (3) THE PRODUCTION RESPONSE

The prices of meats, milk and cereals are likely to increase in the coming decades,
dramatically reversing past trends. Rapid growth in meat and milk demand may
increase prices for maize and other coarse grains and meals. Bioenergy demand is
projected to compete with land and water resources, and this will exacerbate
competition for land from increasing demands for feed resources.
Higher prices can benefit surplus agricultural producers, but can reduce access to food
by a larger number of poor consumers, including farmers who do not produce a net
surplus for the market. As a result, progress in reducing malnutrition is projected to be
slow. Livestock system evolution in the coming decades is inevitably going to involve
trade-offs between food security, poverty, equity, environmental sustainability and
economic development.
 (4) COMPETITION FOR RESOURCES

(I) LAND
Recent assessments expect little increase in pasture land. In the more arid–
semiarid areas, livestock are a key mechanism for managing risk, but
population increases are fragmenting rangelands in many places, making it
increasingly difficult for pastoralists to gain access to the feed and water
resources that they have traditionally been able to access.
Increasing competition for land in the future will also come from biofuels,
driven by continued concerns about climate change, energy security and
alternative income sources for agricultural households.
(II) WATER
Globally, freshwater resources are relatively scarce, amounting to only 2.5 per cent
of all water resources (MA 2005).
Increasing livestock numbers in the future will clearly add to the demand for water,
particularly in the production of livestock feed. Several entry points for improving
global livestock water productivity exist, such as increased use of crop residues and
by-products, managing the spatial and temporal distribution of feed resources so
as to better match availability with demand and managing systems so as to
conserve water resources (peden et al. 2007). More research is needed related to
livestock–water interactions and integrated site-specific interventions, to ensure that
livestock production in the future contributes to sustainable and productive use of
water resources (peden et al. 2007).
 (5) ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES
The rising demand for livestock products could also impact natural resources and potentially
impact climate change. Exploitation of natural resources puts pressure on land, forest, and
coastal ecosystems, resulting in the possibility of land degradation, water pollution and
biodiversity losses (FAO, 2010).
Increased livestock concentration increases the need for water, fuel, and crop production.
Planting limited species of crops could impair biodiversity, natural resources, and genetic
improvement. Therefore, along with the development of the feed industry and livestock
production, there is increased pressure on environmental ecosystems.
For example, pollution of land and groundwater originating from livestock could condense in
plants and eventually harm human health. As the livestock industry continues to grow,
research efforts should focus on technologies that enhance livestock production and also
ensure environmental sustainability.
 GIVE AND DETERMINE THE ACTION TAKEN BY THE
GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE INDIVIDUALS ABOUT THE
CONSTRAINTS
 COVID-19 raised a myriad of one welfare concerns associated with livestock production. In so doing it has
highlighted the fractures in our current food system like no other challenge before. Our fragile food system
requires urgent and radical change to build resilience and ensure food security in the face of future
challenges, including climate change. Fortunately, COVID-19 also presents us with a unique opportunity for a
one welfare driven transformation of the food production system. This will ensure a resilient, safer, fairer, and
potentially healthier environment for both humans and animals in the future.
 One welfare approach at its core with its aim to transform food production into a “fair, healthy and
environmentally-friendly food system.”
 Proposes changes to the whole supply chain, focusing on sustainability at all stages—shortening the chain
and moving away from the “industry to fork” system, and adopting methods to reduce the environmental
impact of production, manufacture, processing, retailing, packaging, and transportation, while preserving
affordability, ensuring fair distribution of economic returns and safeguarding agri-food workers' safety and
welfare.
 (2)
The FAO animal production and health division (AGA) is developing a methodology to
provide a rational basis for livestock-sector planning that will assist governments in
determining their own policies and priorities.
In general, most livestock development strategies have similar aims, namely, to:
Conserve the natural resource base;· raise productivity through better utilization of
available resources: capital (animals), land and labour;
 Expand production where there is a sufficient demand and resources can be utilized at
reasonable cost to the environment;
 Optimize the allocation of development resources through rational administration and
management.
 (3)
Price ceiling. President Rodrigo Duterte issued Executive Order No. 124 on
February 1, imposing a 60-day price ceiling on pork at P270 per kilo for kasim or
pigue (ham), P300 per kilo for liempo (pork belly), and P160 per kilo for dressed
chicken.

The DA is also offering zero interest loans to meat vendors who are struggling to
comply with the price ceiling.
 (4)
 To increase the resistance of farming systems to erosion and runoff; and
 To make greater use of field and landscape buffer zones.
 Monitoring national breed populations and measuring progress towards SDG indicators 2.5.1 and 2.5.2;
 Escalating ruminant (large and small) populations, agricultural encroachment and decline in traditional
authority have put an increasing strain on "open access" feed resources - particularly extensive grazing
areas leading, in extreme cases, to irreversible degradation.
 Efficient irrigation management - conserving water is always a must when you are running a farm
particularly in times of drought. It is estimated that agriculture irrigation consumes enough electricity to
power 1.5 billion houses. But given that the majority of energy use on farms is from groundwater
pumping irrigation efficiency is the key to reducing the fossil fuels and green house gasses emissions.
 (5)
As part of achieving the 2030 agenda for sustainable development and the Paris agreement,
FAO is committed to assist countries to approach zero hunger while tackling climate change
through improved livestock systems management.
Developing tools, methodologies and guidelines to provide and assess technical and policy
options towards sustainable livestock:
Livestock environmental assessment and performance (LEAP) partnership. This multi-
stakeholder initiative provides technical guidance on the assessment of the environmental
impacts of feed and livestock production.
Global livestock environment assessment model (gleam). A spatial, tier-2 life cycle
assessment model to estimate livestock and environment interactions such as greenhouse gases
emissions, nitrogen use, water, soil carbon and biodiversity
 RECOMMENDATIONS
1. If
possible, review and adapt existing biosafety and biosecurity measures to the
COVID-19 situation and provide these as a checklist for farms, livestock product
processing facilities, live animal markets, slaughterhouses and related value chains.
2. Stop food spoilage to increase livestock it is because of human consumption waste
every year. Also, the distribution and equity considerations (of both costs and benefits);
and stability (food supply, income, export earnings, etc.).
3. If possible we should limit our consumptions on the livestock products. Like we should
have a minimum consumptions every week specifically in meat products. Find alternatives.
People can take few steps like temporarily consuming fish, chicken, vegetables, vial etc.
Also, we just not consider the price but we also consider our health.
4. We can save water and energy by using different types of methods in reducing
energy consumption such as using drip irrigation, planting cover crops, dry farming,
and more. In land resources we must have a specific area or it is fixed only for
livestock production for it is better to them for not having a competition and intended
only for animal productions.
5. To meet future needs of an expanding population, animal productivity will need to
increase and greenhouse gas emission intensity per unit of product will need to
decrease. Also, one of the principal ways to achieve this environmental standard is to
adopt effective mitigation strategies. To increase the effectiveness of these strategies,
complex interactions among the components of livestock production systems must be
taken into account to avoid environmental trade-offs.
As a student, what can you contribute to ease the
problem
• As a student, we can ease the problem by using some social media
platforms and state there the adverse effects of the problem in the
livestock industry and encourage every farmers to practice conservation
and allow everyone to have fair share of resources. Also, in animal
production it is better if we raise our farm animals humanely rather than
intensive farming due to the fact that farmers can save money in feeds,
fuel, and water. Humane farms can give opportunities like jobs, boost
profits and can keep our food in the market fresh and healthy.
Environmental damages can be reduced if intensive farming is not applied
in farming.
 IV. REFERENCES
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vgjduwennw4
• Philostrans R soclond B biolsci, 2010 SEP 27
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc2935116/?fbclid=iwar224uwcmzsfdmik
bt5olqlgt1abds97tnef4botu97v_vxcryymayzf7lm
• H. Steinfeld and S. Mack, 2019
• http://www.fao.org/3/v8180t/v8180t0a.htm
• http://www.fao.org/livestock-environment/en/ FAO, 2021
• https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2020.585787/full
• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc2935116/
 GROUP 3
MEMBERS:
KEAN ROY B. DETORIO
JOHANNAH PAULA E. EDOMBINGO
JUBIE ANNE C. FERMANTES
JOHN GABRIEL R. MIJARES
JESSELYN A. ORRICA
HANNAH JOY L. PRESIDENTE
LEON SALVADOR
DHANLYN JANE G. TABAOSARES
https://wsimag.com/science-and-
technology/66134-industrial-animal-farming
FACTS
“Statistics have shown”
“Growing population, rapid
urbanization, rising
The current population of the
incomes,isand
Philippines changing
111,296,941 as of
consumption
Monday, September preferences
6, 2021,
stimulate
based onintensification
Worldometer of
elaboration
livestockof production.”
the latest United
Nations data.

Trends
The totalindicate that agricultural
cattle production from
production
January toexpansion
March 2021willwas
take
place in "profitable"
estimated locations
at 54.43 thousand
aroundtons,
metric densely populated
liveweight. Thisareas,
was
where
-10.2 therelower
percent are generally
compared
insufficient naturalyear’s
with the previous resources
sameto
recycle
quarterproduction wastes.
output of 60.62
thousand metric tons,
liveweight.
3
 FACTORS THAT AFFECT ANIMAL PRODUCTION

1 2 3 4 5

Reference : The basics you can find anywhere 5 Steps To Successful Storytelling Published on April 5, 2014 Featured in: Marketing & Advertising
4
 THREATS

The continued expansion of the Philippine economy and improvement in per

capita income are projected to increase food demand.
 GOVERNMENT PLAN OF ACTION

1 2 3 4 5

Reference : The basics you can find anywhere 5 Steps To Successful Storytelling Published on April 5, 2014 Featured in: Marketing & Advertising
6
 SOLUTION

Every problem has a certain solution

 1

We don’t have control over the type of

meat we eat because we all eat in our own
dining table, so for us the best thing we
could do is to eat less meat

8 8
 2
Reduce your consumption of beef
and dairy products and find
alternatives

Commit to reducing your meat and dairy

consumption by a few meals per week and
tell five friends about your choice to find
alternative proteins.

9
 3
Go Green!

SUPPORT
Climate change is one of the biggest
factors that affects our animal production.
Climate change will affect livestock
production through competition for
natural resources, quantity and quality of
feeds, livestock diseases, heat stress and
biodiversity loss.

10
 “
“The only way forward, if we are going to improve the
quality of the environment, is to get everybody
involved.”

—Richard Rogers

10
 THANK YOU

Neal Creative © Neal Creative | click & Learn more

 Animal Science
GROUP 5

Carbon Corvera Gabao Gabo Paniza Perez Saguan

CONTENTS

01 02 03 04 05
Introduction Importance of Issues and trends Action taken by Recommendation
producing in the animal the government
animals for industry and its and private
human effect on animal individuals about
consumption raisers. the problem
01
Introduction
 The primary consumption of
humans involves meat and
poultry products, due to
urbanization and globalization
along with the rise of human
population the demand for meat
and poultry product increase.
02
What is the importance of
producing animals for human
consumption?
Animal products plays Increasing affluence, Contributes in
an important source of especially in the Farm animals additional resources
high-quality, balanced, developing world, contributes as a high such as manure for
highly bioavailable where the most of the food which improves fertilizer, farm-power
protein and numerous increase of population nutritional status. and other by-
micronutrients. occurs. products
03
Issues and trends in the animal
industry and its effect on animal
raisers.
Growth in demand of animal protein due to; Impact of global environment changes on;
Population Growth, Increasing Global Climate, Habitats, Animal Feedstocks.
Affluence, Increase in per capita animal or prevent competitors from entering market
protein intake.

Shut down at one location ad

move to another Do nothing
Water and Land scarcity. Changes in consumer preference
.
 04
Action taken by the government and private
individuals about the problem
Improving Improving Grass Genetic
animal nutrition Forage Engineering
Many animals raised by
Many forage-fed animals Method like selective
small farmers suffers from
grow in the tropics grow breeding are used in order
poor nutrition leading to
slowly and produce small to generate breeds which is
the production of small
amounts of milk because of more improved in
amounts of meat and other
their diet which is producing milk or meat.
by-products. Poor nutrition
inadequate in protein and However, the approach has
also leads to low
other micronutrients. limitations due the
reproduction rates and
Because of this the number outcome and on what trait
vulnerable to diseases. For
of animals in a certain area may be develop in a certain
that reason the
are being limit in order for specie which it does not
government and private
the forage land to sustain exist in its trait.
individuals engage in
nutrients that the animals
adapting new techniques
need
and strategies in order to
improve the animal
nutrition and to avoid the
risks of the animals to be
prone in diseases.
 Seminars and
Conference
Government and private
organizations offers
seminars and conventions
for animal raisers in order
to introduce new
technologies, approach
and knowledge for them to
raise their animals in good
condition and away from
illness, which will produce
high quality meat and
products. It will also be
another opportunity for
animal raisers to gain
knowledge not only in
animal production but also
in processed animal
products.
05
Recommendation
As per recommendation the
Government must increase the fund
on the Agricultural sector and
Agricultural Research and
Development, to provide our
Agricultural sector enough
knowledge, to aid the needs of
animal raisers and farmers and to
introduce new technologies.

As a student, what can you

contribute to ease the problem.
Family planning, because as the
population increase the demand for
animal products increase as well as
the Co2 emitted in the atmosphere.
References:

https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.115.212217
https://www.nap.edu/read/19000/chapter/3#22
https://www.nap.edu/read/12455/chapter/9#179
THANK YOU!
Current Trends in Animal
Production and Marketing
Laboratory Exercise no. 1
Animal Science 1101
Issues and Trends in the animal
industry and its effect on animal
raisers
COCK FIGHTING
PRESENTED BY: GROUP 6
JOSEPH EMMANUEL DEATRAS
LEE HEIU ESMERALDA
MOISES PACIOSANE
SEAN PAUL SARRIA
AUBREY MAE TANANGONAN
PERE DANE VILLALOBOS
MIGUEL MIRANDA
 COCK FIGHTING
WHAT IS COCK FIGHTING?
Cockfighting is a centuries-old blood sport in which two
or more specially bred birds, known as gamecocks, are
placed in an enclosed pit to fight, for the primary purposes of
gambling and entertainment.
What is the effects of cockfighting to its raisers?

1. Disease Threat- It can spread virus or bird flu from

birds to its raisers through its blood and feces .
2. Cockfighting is also a way of gambling, it can cause a
big loss of money or sometimes danger to its raiser
Evaluate the constraints identified in the topic (COCKFIGHTING):

Prohibited Discouraged to join

in the said activity

Imprisonment if
Illegal Cockfighting caught in actual

Damage your family

and future
● Give the action
taken by the
government and
private individuals
about the
constraints
 1. Prohibited
Government do not issue a license to operate
cock fighting arenas and the government order
that all arenas my be closed.
2. Discouraged to join in
the said activity
-Imposed penalties for those caught
 3. Illegal Cockfighting
There is no nationwide ban of cock fighting in the
Philippines but since 1948, cockfighting is prohibited
every Rizal day on December 30 where violators can
be fine or imprisoned due to Republic Act No. 299
 4. Imprisonment if
caught in actual
By prision correccional or a fine of not less than
six hundred pesos nor more than two thousand pesos
or both, such imprisonment and fine at the discretion
of the court, with subsidiary imprisonment in case of
insolvency, in case of any other offender
 5. Damage you family
and future
Government discourage the people and educate
the disadvantage in engaging cock fighting. Not only
money is involved but as well as your family and
future.
● Action taken by the
government and
private individuals
about the problem
1. The government impose a law that prohibits the
cockfighting activity in the Philippines.
“COCKFIGHTING LAW OF 1974”
1. The police personnel raiding illegal cockfights.
Recommendations
 Control cockfighting Stop Animal Cruelty
Cockfighting has been linked to the spread of
Cockfighting is a blood sport in which
the highly lethal bird flu virus from birds to
two roosters specifically bred for
humans through contact with blood and feces.
aggression are placed beak to beak in
a small ring and encouraged to fight to
the death. Cockfighting is used for
crimes such as gambling, drugs and
acts of violence
● As a student, what can you
contribute to ease the problem?
As a student, the following are some of the possible contributions in
order to ease the problem Cockfighting:

1. By encouraging our fellowmen not to engage in Cockfighting.

2. Educating them that Cockfighting is an animal cruelty so that
they will no longer participate in the said activity.
3. Negotiate with Barangay Officials in the dissemination of
information about cockfighting and the possible effects of it.
4. Use social media platforms to educate and spread
awareness
 References
https://www.animalmatters.org/issues/farm
https://www.ncsl.org/research/agriculture-and-rural-development/cockfighting-
laws.aspx
https://www.peta.org/issues/animals-in-entertainment/cruel-sports/cockfighting/
Thank You!!!