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    Pathophysiology of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Predisposing Factors Predisposing Factors

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    Jason A. Adoyogan
    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV selectively attacks and destroys CD4+ T lymphocytes, specifically helper T cells, weakening the immune system. This makes individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections. The virus attaches and enters the CD4+ cells, integrates its genetic material into the host cell DNA, and uses the cell's machinery to replicate itself. As the number of CD4+ cells decreases, the immune system deteriorates, increasing the risk of infections like pneumocystis pneumonia and cancers like Kaposi's sarcoma.

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    Pathophysiology of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Predisposing Factors Predisposing Factors

    Uploaded by

    Jason A. Adoyogan
    717 views1 page
    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV selectively attacks and destroys CD4+ T lymphocytes, specifically helper T cells, weakening the immune system. This makes individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections. The virus attaches and enters the CD4+ cells, integrates its genetic material into the host cell DNA, and uses the cell's machinery to replicate itself. As the number of CD4+ cells decreases, the immune system deteriorates, increasing the risk of infections like pneumocystis pneumonia and cancers like Kaposi's sarcoma.

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    Aids

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    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV selectively attacks and destroys CD4+ T lymphocytes, specifically helper T cells, weakening the immune system. This makes individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections. The virus attaches and enters the CD4+ cells, integrates its genetic material into the host cell DNA, and uses the cell's machinery to replicate itself. As the number of CD4+ cells decreases, the immune system deteriorates, increasing the risk of infections like pneumocystis pneumonia and cancers like Kaposi's sarcoma.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    717 views1 page

    Pathophysiology of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Predisposing Factors Predisposing Factors

    Uploaded by

    Jason A. Adoyogan
    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV selectively attacks and destroys CD4+ T lymphocytes, specifically helper T cells, weakening the immune system. This makes individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections. The virus attaches and enters the CD4+ cells, integrates its genetic material into the host cell DNA, and uses the cell's machinery to replicate itself. As the number of CD4+ cells decreases, the immune system deteriorates, increasing the risk of infections like pneumocystis pneumonia and cancers like Kaposi's sarcoma.

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    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 1

    Pathophysiology of

    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome


    Predisposing Factors Predisposing Factors
    Persons with Coagulation Disorders-
    Sexual Lifestyle- Male Homosexuals are at
    Hemophiliacs due to continuous need of
    high risk.
    Blood transfusions.
    Babies born to infect6ed mother. Unprotected Sex
    Intravenous Drug Abuse
    Frequency of exposure to blood and body
    fluids.

    Sexual exposure to genital Parenteral exposure to infected Parenteral exposure to infected


    secretions of an infected person blood and tissue blood and tissue

    Transmission of Human
    Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
    Immune System Stimulation
    Selectively attacks the CD4+ T results to:
    Fever
    lymphocytes Leukocytosis (↑ WBC)

    Attachment of HIV virus to CD4+ receptor

    Internalization and uncoating of the virus


    with viral RNA and reverse transcriptase

    Reverse Transcription
    Integration of Viral DNA into host DNA
    Transcription of the inserted Viral DNA to produce Viral
    Messenger RNA
    Translation of Viral Messenger to Create Viral Protein

    Translation of Viral Messenger to Create


    Viral Protein

    Assembly and release of new Destruction of the Host Cell


    viruses

    Repetitive Process

    Decrease in the number of circulating T-Cells Possessing


    the CD4+ receptor sites mainly the Helper T-Cells
    Deterioration of the Immune System

    Susceptibility to Opportunistic ↓ Capacity of fighting ↑ Risk of developing


    infections infections neoplasms

    Manifested as: Kaposi’s Sarcomas


    Frequent URTI Frequent Infections
    Pain
    Manifested as:
    Fever LEGEND:
    Increase metabolic Weight Loss
    Night Sweats -leads to manifestations
    Fatigue
    Lymphadenopathy requirement
    Pneumocystic Carinni Pneumonia -manifestations
    Fungal Infections
    Candidiasis ↓ - leads to
    Cytomegalovirus Infection

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