Conflict of Laws Ws 1

Jose Rizal Memorial State University
College of Law
Worksheets on
Conflict of Laws
1st Semester, S.Y. 2020-2021
Prepared by: Atty. Mark Jasper G. Cielo, RCh
All Rights Reserved (2020)
Table of Contents
Grade Summary...........................................................................................................................................3
General Instructions...................................................................................................................................4
Worksheet 1 - Introduction to Conflict of Laws and Choice of Law.......................................................5
PART 1: Public International Law vs. Private International Law......................................................................5
PART 2: Definition of Principles...........................................................................................................................7
PART 3: Art. 15 of the New Civil Code.................................................................................................................8
PART 4: Art. 16 of the New Civil Code.................................................................................................................9
PART 5: Choice-of-Law.........................................................................................................................................12
PART 6: Applying Foreign Law as Determined by Rules of Conflict Laws...................................................14
PART 7: Borrowing Statutes.................................................................................................................................15
PART 8: Conflict between Foreign and Local Laws...........................................................................................17
PART 9: Applying Foreign Laws.........................................................................................................................18
Worksheet 2 – Citizenship and Domicile, and Nationality and Domicile of Corporations.................20
PART 1: Review - Who are considered Citizens of the Philippines?...............................................................20
PART 2: Dual Citizenship v. Dual Allegiance...................................................................................................23
PART 3: Loss of Citizenship.................................................................................................................................24
PART 3: Reacquisition of Citizenship.................................................................................................................27
PART 4: Naturalization.........................................................................................................................................28
PART 4: Domicile..................................................................................................................................................31
PART 5: What is a Filipino Corporation?............................................................................................................33
PART 6: Where is the Domicile of a Corporation?.............................................................................................34
Worksheet 3 – Contracts...........................................................................................................................35
PART 1: Synopsis of Conflict of Laws in Obligations and Contracts.............................................................35
PART 2: Formal/Extrinsic Validity of Contracts.................................................................................................40
PART 3: Capacity of the Contracting Parties......................................................................................................41
PART 4: Intrinsic Validity....................................................................................................................................42
Worksheet 4 – Property, Wills and Succession........................................................................................46
PART 1: Review – Real and Personal Properties................................................................................................46
PART 2: Lex Loci or Lex Rei Sitae........................................................................................................................47
PART 3: What is a Will?........................................................................................................................................55
PART 4: Extrinsic Validity of Wills.....................................................................................................................56
PART 5: Probate of Wills......................................................................................................................................57
PART 5: Situs of Shares of Stocks........................................................................................................................59
PART 6: Law on Successional Rights; Intrinsic Validity..................................................................................62
Worksheet 5 – Torts and Damages, and Crimes......................................................................................63
PART 1: Review – What is a Tort?.......................................................................................................................63
PART 2: What are damages?.................................................................................................................................64
PART 3: Conflict Rules on Torts..........................................................................................................................69
PART 4: Lex Loci Delicti Commissii...................................................................................................................71
PART 5: Special Rules relative to Lex Loci Delicti Commissii.........................................................................72
PART 6: Enforceability of Foreign Torts and the Duty of Philippine Courts.................................................74
PART 7: Synopsis – Conflict of Laws as Applied to Crimes.............................................................................77
PART 8: Review – Crimes as Opposed to Torts.................................................................................................79
PART 9: Extra-Territorial Competence of Courts...............................................................................................80
PART 10: Crimes Committed Aboard Vessels...................................................................................................81
PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 2

Grade Summary
Worksheet Score Remarks

1 - Introduction to Conflict of Laws & Choice of Law
2 - Citizenship and Domicile, & Nationality and

Domicile Corporation
3 – Contracts
4 - Property, Wills and Succession
5 - Torts and Damages
General Instructions
1. Submit worksheets only as prescribed. Worksheets shall be submitted piece by piece and
never in bulk. A schedule for the submission of each worksheet shall be announced by the
instructor. All submissions will be made directly to the instructor or his law office. His
signature on the date stamp in the space provided will be evidence of the date of submission.
2. All answers are to be handwritten, and in the hand of the student who signs his name on the
sheet. You are not allowed to have someone else write your answers for you.
3. Use only the space provided for. Attachments, insertions and similar devices to accommodate
the continuation of your answers are prohibited and will be grounds for the rejection of your
work.
4. Fill-up all required details in every single worksheet. An unnamed worksheet shall be
considered as not having been submitted.
5. Erasures, superimpositions, unnecessary markings and the like are prohibited and shall give
rise to deductions in the final score.
6. Unintelligible handwriting in any portion of this worksheet shall be treated as if no answer

was written.
7. You are expressly prohibited from sharing these worksheets with any other person not taking
this particular class of the semester and school year indicated in the cover page.
Date Submitted:
CONFLICT OF LAWS
Instructor: Atty. Mark Jasper G. Cielo, RCh
Worksheet 1 - Introduction to Conflict of Laws and Choice of Law

REFERENCE: Conflict of Laws (Private International Law) by Ruben E. Agpalo
INSTRUCTIONS: Answer in essay form all the questions herein unless otherwise
instructed. All answers must be in your own legible handwriting.
NAME: YEAR LEVEL:

ID NUMBER: SCORE:
PART 1: Public International Law vs. Private International Law

In bullet points, briefly point out the differences between Public and Private International Law in
the outer non-overlapping space of the appropriately marked oval of the Venn Diagram. In the
middle, overlapping space of the Venn Diagram, briefly enumerate, in bullet points, their salient
similarities. (9 points)
Public International Law Private International Law
Body of legal rules, which applies between sovereign state

-regulates relationship between private persons of 2 different states
Outcome of international uctom and treaties
When does a conflict of laws generally arise? (2 points)

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Soon to be repatriated Anna, is a Domestic Helper in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Her
employer, a well-to-do family, refuses to give her last paycheck, in an attempt to coax her to stay.
Her contract, is executed and operative in the KSA and her employers are all citizens of the KSA.
Is there a “Foreign Element” in this case? If, yes, what are they? What is a “Foreign Element” in the
context of Conflict of Laws? (4 points)
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PART 2: Definition of Principles

Briefly define the following terms (1 point each):
1. Comity
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2. Forum Non-conveniens
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3. Lex Situs
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4. Lex Rei Sitae
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5. Lex Fori
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6. Lex Loci Celebrationis
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7. Lex Loci Contractus
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8. Lex Loci Delictur

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9. Lex Locu Dimicilli
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10. Lex Loci Actus
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11. Kilberg Doctrine
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12. Center of Gravity Doctrine
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14. Choice of Law Principle
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15. Indelible Allegiance Rule
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PART 3: Art. 15 of the New Civil Code
Enumerate and briefly summarize the provisions of the New Civil Code referred to by Art. 15 of
the same Code. (10 points)
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Anna and Ben are validly married in Norway, before the embassy of the Philippines. They become
Norwegians and they lost their Philippine Citizenship, after five years. It was later revealed that
Anna is a transgendered woman. If, for the sake of discussion, Same Sex marriage is legal in
Norway, is their marriage valid? (5 points)
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PART 4: Art. 16 of the New Civil Code

Art. 16 has two important and somewhat distinct parts, the 1st and the 2nd paragraphs. Search for a
Case that applies the 1st Paragraph in its disposition, and digest the case below. (5 points)
CAPTION: _____________________________________________________________________________
G.R. No.:_______________
DATE:_________________
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Search for a Case that applies the 2nd Paragraph of Art. 16 in its disposition, and digest the case
below. (5 points)
CAPTION: _____________________________________________________________________________

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE:_________________
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There is the civil law principle: Mobilia Sequutur Personam. Reconcile the implications of the
provision of Art 16 of the NCC with this principle. Come up with a simple analogy or illustration
to express your reconciliation of the two principles. (5 points)
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PART 5: Choice-of-Law
Arnold is a Filipino hired by SAUDIA as a flight attendant. He was unlawfully
dismissed from his regular employment due to a petty and non-actionable misunderstanding with
another flight attendant who happened to be a grandson of the owner of the airlines.
He filed suit in the Philippines.
His contract was executed in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), with a Choice-of-Law
provision in the KSA and a venue in the KSA. His place of work is the KSA, he was recruited in
KSA and was terminated while still at KSA. The complained of squabble occurred at KSA as well.
1. Can Philippine courts/tribunals try and hear the case?

2. Can the tribunal/court in the Philippines dismiss the case? If yes, what is the best grounds
for the magistrate to do so?
3. Who has the burden to prove KSA law, if the case is tried in the Philippines?
4. If KSA law is not proved, what law is to be followed? What is your basis?
(15 points)
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If there is no effective Choice of Law, what governs the parties, in general? (5 points)
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PART 6: Applying Foreign Law as Determined by Rules of Conflict Laws

Identify which doctrine is being exemplified in each of the situations below, and discuss your
basis. (15 points)
A. A Filipina flight steward for Qatar Airways, is dismissed from her employment. There was
no Choice-of-Law provision in her Qatar-executed contract. She filed suit in the
Philippines. The trial court gave due course to the suit.
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B. A foreign national dies testate in the Philippines. He names a stranger – his best friend,
Allan – as heir to the entirety of his wealth. His legitimate son, Ben, filed suit having been
preterited in the will. Allan claims that under Philippine Law, the intrinsic validity of
testamentary disposition is governed by the national law of the testator. He claimed that the
testator being a citizen of Foofooland, where the concept of legitime does not exist and a
testator can dispose of his property all according to his will, made a valid disposition to
him. The Trial court gave due course to Ben’s claim, since Foofooland follows lex dimicilli
in terms of instrinsic validity of the will.
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C. In war-time, State A’s leading private corporation AAA, an ammunitions manufacturing

company, refused to honor a contract it had entered into with a private Security Company,
BBB, in State B (a state A is at war with). There is a choice of law and venue in the contract
for breach of contract, and that is in State B. AAA filed suit to rescind the contract in State
A. BBB answered the suit and asked for dismissal, there being a choice of law and venue in
State B. The courts in State A, assumed jurisdiction of the case, citing that it would be in the
best interest of State A, that the suit be heard therein.
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PART 7: Borrowing Statutes
The landmark case of Cadalin v. POEA’s Administrator concerns the concept of “Borrowing
Statute”. Digest the case, focusing only on the Conflict of Laws concept abovestated. (10 points)
CAPTION: Cadalin v. POEA’s Administrator

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1994
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PART 8: Conflict between Foreign and Local Laws
Local Laws generally prevail over foreign laws in case of conflict. In the case below, the Supreme
Court had the opportunity to discuss that extensively. Digest the case captioned with focus on the
Conflict of Law concept described. (10 points)
CAPTION: Bank of America v. American Realty Corp

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1999
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PART 9: Applying Foreign Laws
Enumerate at least four (4) justifications for courts to apply foreign law and briefly explain each.
(10 points)
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Give at least three (3) exceptions to the applicability of the foreign rule, notwithstanding the
above justifications. Explain by giving illustrations. (15 points)
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Date Submitted:
CONFLICT OF LAWS
Worksheet 2 – Citizenship and Domicile, and Nationality and Domicile of Corporations

instructed. All answers must be in your own hand.
NAME: YEAR LEVEL:

ID NUMBER: SCORE:

PART 1: Review - Who are considered Citizens of the Philippines?
In bullet points, enumerate the Natural Persons who are considered Natural Born Citizens under
the 1935 Constitution? (5 points)
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In bullet points, enumerate how or by what specific law can a person be a Naturalized Citizens
under the 1935 Constitution? (5 points)
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In bullet points, enumerate how or by what specific law can a person be a Naturalized Citizen
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In bullet points, enumerate how or by what specific law can a person be a Naturalized Citizens
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In bullet points, list out the kinds of juridical persons and what circumstances would make these
Juridical Persons a Filipino Citizen under the prevailing constitution. (15 points)
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PART 2: Dual Citizenship v. Dual Allegiance
Digest the captioned case paying focus only on the portions of the case that directly discuss and
disposes the issues related to Dual Allegiance in the context of Citizenship. (10 points)
CAPTION: AASJS v. Datumanong

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: May 11, 2007
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PART 3: Loss of Citizenship
Under Commonwealth Act 63, there are seven (7) ways one losses Philippine Citizenship.
However, one (1) of those enumerated have been effectively repealed by the 1973 Constitution,
first, and then by the 1987 Constitution. Below is a concept map. Fill the map up in brief and
concise phrases. (30 points)

Commonwealth Act 63, otherwise known as:
Citizens may lose his or her citizenship in any of the following acts:
Brief Explanation
Time the Loss is Effective
Caption of Jurisprudential Basis
Brief Explanation
Brief Explanation
Brief Explanation

Brief Explanation
Brief Explanation
PART 3: Reacquisition of Citizenship
Digest the captioned case paying focus only on the portions of the case that directly discuss and
disposes the issues related to Reacquisition of Filipino Citizenship. (10 points)
CAPTION: Bengzon III v. HERT

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 2001
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PART 4: Naturalization
A client, John Smith approached you, he is an American Citizen from the state of New York who
has lived in the Philippines for four (4) years, and has two legitimate children with his Filipina
Spouse Maria Clara whom he is married to for three (3) years now. He wants to apply for
naturalization and is now asking you for you assistance as his lawyer. However, he does not want
to renounce his American Citizenship, if possible.
Complete the Legal Opinion as to the steps he is to undertake to get Philippine Citizenship, given
only the facts above and those in the template below. (20 points)
LEGAL OPINION
In re: Naturalization of John Smith
I am rendering this Legal Opinion upon request of John Smith himself concerning the issue of his
naturalization.
The client submitted to me the following documents:

1. Marriage Certificate, dated March 1, 2017 issued by the Philippine Statistics Authority retrieved on
June 23, 2020.
2. Birth Certificate of Adam Smith, dated April 9, 2018 issued by the Philippine Statistics Authority
retrieved on June 23, 2020.
3. Birth Certificate of Adam Smith, dated March 11, 2019 issued by the Philippine Statistics Authority
retrieved on June 23, 2020.

4. Certification from Department of Foreign Affairs, dated June 10, 2020
Based on his narration of pertinent acts, and the documents evidencing such facts herein attached, I hereby
render the following Legal Opinion, on the pertinent steps the client is to take to achieve naturalization.
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With regards his qualification that he wished not to renunciate his American Citizenship, I hereby
render the following Opinion.
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May this Legal Opinion be instructive as to the next steps you wish to undertake.
(sgd.)
ATTY. XXX
PART 4: Domicile
In bullet points, briefly point out the differences between DOMICILE and RESIDENCE, in
general, in the outer non-overlapping space of the appropriately marked oval of the Venn
Diagram. In the middle, overlapping space of the Venn Diagram, briefly enumerate, in bullet
points, their salient similarities. (5 points)
Domicile Residence

In bullet points, briefly point out the differences between DOMICILE and RESIDENCE, for the
Exercise of Political Rights, in the outer non-overlapping space of the appropriately marked oval
of the Venn Diagram. In the middle, overlapping space of the Venn Diagram, briefly enumerate,
in bullet points, their salient similarities. (5 points)
Domicile Residence
In bullet points, briefly point out the differences between DOMICILE and VENUE, in general, in
the outer non-overlapping space of the appropriately marked oval of the Venn Diagram. In the
middle, overlapping space of the Venn Diagram, briefly enumerate, in bullet points, their salient
Domicile Venue
PART 5: What is a Filipino Corporation?

To determine whether or not a Corporation is Filipino, there are said to be two tests to apply, the
“Grandfather Test” and the “Control Test”. Recently, jurisprudence was enriched as to the proper
test to apply. Use your skills in Legal Research and identify the prevailing case law on the matter.
(10 points)

CAPTION: ___________________________________________________________
G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: ________________
FACTS:__________________________________________________________________________________
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PART 6: Where is the Domicile of a Corporation?
Corporation XYZ is a corporation formed under Spanish Law, with principal office in Geneva,
Switzerland, it is weapons and ammunitions company whose factories, warehouses, sales offices
and 99% of employees are in Shanghai, China. The majority stockholder is Marky Cielo, a Filipino
businessman, who resides in Dapitan City. Where is the domicile of the corporation? Where can
the corporation claim to be resident of? If Marky Cielo wants to claim that his Corporation is a
resident of the Philippines, what should be the circumstances of the corporation’s existence? (20
points)
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Date Submitted:
CONFLICT OF LAWS
Worksheet 3 – Contracts
REFERENCE: Philippine Conflict of Laws by Edgardo Paras
NAME: YEAR LEVEL:

ID NUMBER: SCORE:

PART 1: Synopsis of Conflict of Laws in Obligations and Contracts
Complete the table below by supplying the missing contents of the blank cells. Do take note, that
your legal basis may be Philippine Laws and Jurisprudence, international laws with binding
application to the Philippines, or American Laws and Jurisprudence, when local laws are silent.
(20 points)
Factual Situations Point of Contact/Doctrine Legal Basis Illustrate

1. Formal or Extrinsic Lex Loci Celebrationis
There Validity
are certain contracts, that, by their nature may pose a challenge as to determining the
applicable law. Complete the table that summarizes various kinds of contracts below by
supplying the missing contents of the blank cells. In making illustrations, be direct to the point
and general. Remember to use letters to identify the parties to the contract being illustrated. (25
points)
Exceptions:
a. Alienation and
encumbrance
of properties
A and B signed and

acknowledged a service
b. Consular contract before the
Contracts consulate of the
Philippines in Bahrain
4. Capacity of
Contracting Parties
Exception:
a. Alienation and
encumbrance of
properties
6. Intrinsic Validity Lex Contractus, in its broad

sense, which may be:
1. Lex Voluntatus
2. Lex Intentionis

Factual Situations Point of Contact/Doctrine Legal Basis Illustrate
Sales and Barters, as to:
Extrinsic Validity
PART 2: Formal/Extrinsic Validity of Contracts
A and B, both Filipinos, executed a Power of Attorney in favor of C in State AAA and had the
document acknowledged before the Consul of the Philippines in State AAA. C used the SPA
given, to sell a property to D. A and B filed suit to nullify the sale, and argued that the Power of
Attorney is invalid for not complying with the formal requisites of State AAA, which requires
both a thumbmark and a signature – the former was lacking. Will A and B’s suit prosper? (Answer
Capacity of Parties
this question in the Bar Exam manner.) (10 points)
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Intrinsic Validity
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Lease of Service, as to:
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Lease of Property, as to:
PART 3: Capacity of the Contracting Parties
A, a 17 year-old US Citizen of the State of Illinois of Chinese descent was hired as a Chinese to
English translator by a Filipino Company, represented by B, a Filipino. Three months after signing
and perfecting
Extrinsic Validity the contract of service in Chicago, Illinois, USA, and serving as Interpreter in the
Philippines for B’s Filipino Company, he decided to quit and return to the US. A was accepted
back in his home country for his dream job, and was going to leave in a month. B sued A for
damages in the breach of the contract of service which bound him to serve for one year. A claimed
he was a minor under Philippine Law, hence his contract was defective for his lack of capacity to
contract. Does B have capacity to contract in the case at bar? Cite Jurisprudence. (Answer this
question
Capacity of in the Bar Exam manner.) (10 points)
Parties
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Intrinsic Validity
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PART 4: Intrinsic Validity

X and Y entered into a contract in Madrid, Spain, wherein it was agreed that X would construct for
Y an apartment in Manila, the consideration being Y’s house and lot in San Francisco, California.
The laws of what country or countries would govern:
(a) the validity of the contract;
(b) its performance;
(c) its consideration? Cite your Legal Basis and discuss your Reasoning.
(Answer this question in the Bar Exam manner.) (10 points)
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What laws govern the transportation of goods, by a common carrier, from an EU member state to
the Philippines. Discuss as to:
a) primary law to be applied,
b) subsidiary law to be applied,
c) when neither (a) nor (b) , may be applied, and,
d) loss, destruction and deterioration in transit.
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Justina Santos, an aged Filipino woman, leased to Wong, a Chinese citizen, a parcel of land on
Rizal Avenue, Manila, for a period of fifty (50) years, and also gave to the latter an option to
purchase the same (within said period of 50 years), payable in 10 years, on the condition that

Wong would become a Filipino. Justina died. Wong also died without having become a Filipino.
Justina’s administrator, the Philippine Banking Corporation now sues Wong’s estate and
surviving spouse (administratrix of her husband’s estate) for the recovery of the land. It was
alleged that no recovery should be allowed — firstly, because the contract was validly entered
into, and secondly, assuming the nullity of the same, Justina’s administrator should not be
allowed to recover on the theory that Justina herself was a party to the transaction.
(a) Is the contract valid?
(b) May Justina’s administrator recover the land?
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An American corporation delivered in America to a German corporation a consignment of

agricultural machinery to be carried on the German steamer “Bulgaria.” Vladivostok, Russia, was
the place of destination. Under the BILL OF LADING, it was stipulated that in case of disputes
under the contract; the question would be, at the carrier’s option, decided exclusively by German
courts applying German law.. During the voyage, war broke out between Germany and Russia,
and the ship had to go in the meantime to Manila. While in Manila, the shipper asked either for a
transhipment of the goods to Russia, or their surrender by the carrier. When the carrier refused,
the shipper started suit in Manila. The carrier raised the issue of jurisdiction, alleging that under
the terms of the bill of lading, Philippine courts had no jurisdiction. Is the argument of the carrier
tenable? (Answer this question in the Bar Exam manner.) (10 points)
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Date Submitted:
CONFLICT OF LAWS
Worksheet 4 – Property, Wills and Succession

NAME: YEAR LEVEL:

ID NUMBER: SCORE:
PART 1: Review – Real and Personal Properties

In bullet points, enumerate what are considered as REAL Properties, under Philippine Laws.
(5 points)
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In bullet points, enumerate what are considered as PERSONAL Properties, under Philippine
Laws. (5 points)
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In bullet points, what are the ways that ownership accrues over a property? (5 points)
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PART 2: Lex Loci or Lex Rei Sitae

Reconcile Lex Loci with Lex Rei Sitae. Are the same concepts? If not, distinguish one form the
other. (5 points)
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Digest the captioned case below paying focus on ownership of real property in relation to conflict
rules herein discussed. (10 points)
CAPTION: Cheesman v. IAC (193 SCRA 93)

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: ________________
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CAPTION: Sarsosa Vda. De Barsobia v. Cuenco

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1982
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CAPTION: Llanto v. Co Ling Change

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1990
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CAPTION: The Holy See v. Rosario Jr.

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1994
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Digest the captioned case below paying focus on real properties located outside the country in
relation to conflict rules herein discussed. (10 points)
CAPTION: Laurel v. Garcia (187 SCRA 797)

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1990
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Digest the captioned case below paying focus on real property rights over a real property located
outside the country in relation to conflict rules herein discussed. (10 points)
CAPTION: Paderanga v. Buisan (226 SCRA 786)

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1993
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PART 3: What is a Will?
Draft a Holographic Will, for Testator AAA B. CCC, with only one compulsory heir ZZZ Y. CCC,
conveying to him his entire estate. (10 points)
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Distinguish Notarial Will and Holographic Will. (5 points)

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Distinguish testate and intestate succession. (5 points)

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PART 4: Extrinsic Validity of Wills

Arnold and Bea are both Filipinos domiciled in Ontario, Canada. They executed a Joint Will which
is allowed in Ontario. Is the will valid?
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Giovanni, an Italian Citizen who is residing in the Philippines for a long vacation, suddenly fell
deathly ill. He hurriedly had a will made in accordance with the Laws of Italy. In its probate, one
of Giovanni’s heirs were able to prove foreign law of Italy. However, another heir, protested the
probate since, the will, was not drafted according to the forms and solemnities of the Philippines.
He claims lex loci celebrationis should have been the guiding principle in the drafting of the will.
Can the will be given due course in the Philippines? (Answer this question in the Bar Exam
manner.) (10 points)
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PART 5: Probate of Wills

A client, Edgardo Salazar, a Filipino, died testate in Madrid, Spain. His heirs, likewise Filipinos,
already had his will probated in the courts of Spain. Realizing that their decedent had personal
and real properties in the Philippines, they came home to execute the will as to these properties.
They now come to you asking in consultation, what are the steps they ought to take to give effect
to the will.
Complete the Legal Opinion as to the steps he is to undertake to get give effect to the Will, given
only the facts above and those in the template below. (20 points)
LEGAL OPINION
In re: Execution of the Will of Edgardo Salazar
I am rendering this Legal Opinion upon request of John Smith himself concerning the issue of his
naturalization.

1. Original Copies of the Last Will and Testament of Edgardo Salazar with Consular Authentication of
Document
2. Judgement of Probate of Will in the Court of Spain with Consular Authentication of Document
3. Excerpt of Spanish Laws on Probate of Wills with Consular Authentication of Document

render the following Legal Opinion, on the pertinent steps to give effect to the decedent’s will.
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PART 5: Situs of Shares of Stocks
Digest the captioned case below paying focus on real property rights over a real property located
outside the country in relation to conflict rules herein discussed. (10 points)
CAPTION: Tayag v. Benguet Consolidated Inc. (26 SCRA 242)

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1968
FACTS:__________________________________________________________________________________

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Digest the captioned case below paying focus on Situs of Shares of Stockslocated outside the
country in relation to conflict rules herein discussed. (10 points)
CAPTION: Wells Fargo Bank and Union v. Collector of Internal Revenue

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: June 28, 1940
FACTS:__________________________________________________________________________________
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Digest the captioned case below paying focus on Situs of Shares of Stocks located outside the
country in relation to conflict rules herein discussed. (10 points)
CAPTION: Wells Fargo Bank and Union v. Collector of Internal Revenue

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: June 28, 1940
FACTS:__________________________________________________________________________________
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PART 6: Law on Successional Rights; Intrinsic Validity

A Texan executed a will disposing his properties in the Philippines. In his will however, he named his
paramour, and two illegitimate children as his heirs. His wife and legitimate children were all excluded in
the will, without any mention. The legitimate children in the Philippines opposed the will citing their
legitime under Philippine Laws. The wife, being a Lawyer, no longer opposed considering she knew that the
conflict rules governing the case would favor the allowance of the Will of the decedent.
During trial, the proponents of the will failed to prove Texan law.
Can the Will be allowed? (Answer this question in the Bar Exam manner.) (15 points)
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Date Submitted:
CONFLICT OF LAWS
Worksheet 5 – Torts and Damages, and Crimes

Law and Jurisprudence on Torts and Damages by Joan S. Largo
NAME: YEAR LEVEL:

ID NUMBER: SCORE:
PART 1: Review – What is a Tort?

Under Philippine Laws a Tort is equivalent to the Civil Law concept of Culpa Aquilana. What
provision, thus, governs the Philippine Concept of a Tort? State the law and give a simple
illustration. (5 points)
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What is the original definition of Torts in common-law systems. Is your illustration given in the
previous task a tort under this definition? If yes, why? If not, give another illustration that would
fit the common-law definition of a tort. (5 points)
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In bullet points, what are the elements of a Quasi-delict? (5 points)

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PART 2: What are damages?

“Damages may arise from delict, quasi-delict or from negligence.” This is a basic principle based
on law. In list form, cite the laws that substantiate the above statement. (5 points)
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Digest the captioned case below, paying focus on the issue on damages. (10 points)
CAPTION: Llorente v. Sandiganbayan (202 SCRA 309)

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1991
FACTS:__________________________________________________________________________________
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Digest the captioned case below paying focus on the issue on damages. (10 points)
CAPTION: Albenson Enterprises Corp. v. CA

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1993
FACTS:__________________________________________________________________________________
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Digest the captioned case below paying focus on the issue on damages. (10 points)

CAPTION: Saudi Arabian Airlines v. CA
G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1998
FACTS:__________________________________________________________________________________
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CAPTION: BPI Express Card Corp. v CA (296 SCRA 260)

G.R. No.:_______________
DATE: 1998

FACTS:__________________________________________________________________________________
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PART 3: Conflict Rules on Torts
Ferdinand owes Justin damages for a quasi-delict by the former, upon the latter. The actionable
injury wholly occurred in New York City, New York, USA. Ferdinand is a sojourner in the US as a
tourist, and is in fact a Filipino, whose residents, and totality of properties are in the Philippines,
and none is in the US. Justin, being a Filipino as well, came home to the Philippines and filed suit
to recover damages from Ferdinand. Assuming that the injury/act is actionable in both the State of
New York and in the Philippines:
A. Argue and expound on the tenability of the suit.
B. Argue and expound on the non-tenability of the suit.

(Answer in the Bar Exam manner) (20 points)
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PART 4: Lex Loci Delicti Commissii
Complete the chart. (20 points)
LEX LOCI DELICTI COMMISSII

(Translation:____________________________________)
Argument against its

Justifications for its Application: application
1. State where the complained act was committed has the _________________________
duty and ability to ascertain the effects of the _________________________
complained act. _________________________
2. _________________________________________________ _________________________
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{Determining the Locus Delicti}
Civil Law Theory Common Law Theory Dr. Ernst Rabel’s Theory
________________________ ________________________ ________________________
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A, who is physically within the territory of State AAA was lawfully cleaning his rifle, when he
accidently fired it. B, who is across the border and was physically in State BBB, was shot by A.
a) Given that an actionable tort transpired, where is the Locus Delicti? Which state’s set of
laws should be made to apply?
b) What pieces of information should be supplied to arrive at a more substantiated answer?

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PART 5: Special Rules relative to Lex Loci Delicti Commissii
A, a seafarer aboard private vessel, Ship ZZZ, operating under the Flag of State X, in transit from
State Q, to State P, was accidentally rendered disabled due to the non-criminal negligence of B.
The tort transpired, however, still within the territorial seas of State P. What is the applicable law
as to the civil aspect of the injury? If the vessel were a public (state owned) vessel, what would be
the applicable law as to the civil aspect of the injury? (5 points)
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Destiny has been especially cruel to Ajax Shipping Co. – a company based in State AAA whose
primary business is the ferrying of goods using their three ships with State AAA as the flag, Ship
Love, Ship Hope and Ship Truth. In the year 2000, all three ships met maritime accidents
separately.
Ship Love collided with Ship PPP, a ship operating under the flag of State AAA, in the high seas
while both were in transit to Cebu Port.
Ship Hope collided with Ship QQQ, a ship operating under the flag of State BBB, in the territorial
sea of the Philippines, while both were in transit to Cebu Port.
Ship Truth collided with Ship RRR, a ship operating under the flag of State CCC, in the high seas,
while both were in transit to Cebu Port.
State AAA and State BBB however, have identical maritime laws while state CCC has completely
different laws as the two other states.
All three accidents were not the fault of Ajax’s ships, but greatly prejudiced its business. They
hurriedly filed suit in Cebu, Philippines.
What laws apply in each of the three accidents? (15 points)

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PART 6: Enforceability of Foreign Torts and the Duty of Philippine Courts

A client, Maria Clara is now in your office in tears, asking for your legal advice as to her
predicament. While in the State AAA, preparing for their destination wedding there, she and her
fiancé Pedro Garcia (both Filipinos and are capacitated to marry), got into a huge argument which
resulted in Pedro calling off the wedding and essentially leaving Maria for another woman.
Considering the money, time and effort that had been invested by Maria into the wedding, she
wants to ask if she can sue Pedro, in the Philippines, for damages.
Complete the Legal Opinion as to whether she can 1) sue, Pedro, and 2) sue Pedro in Philippine
Courts. She likewise asks you what needs to be secured or proven for her to be able to institute the
action she requested. (20 points)
LEGAL OPINION
In re: Suit Against Pedro
I am rendering this Legal Opinion upon request of Maria Clara herself concerning the issue of a possible suit
against Pedro Garcia for damages.

5. Receipts to prove actual costs of the intended Wedding in State AAA duly certified by the consul of the
Philippines in State AAA.
render the following Legal Opinion, on the pertinent steps the client is to take to achieve naturalization.
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May this Legal Opinion be instructive as to the next steps you wish to undertake.
(sgd.)
ATTY. XXX

PART 7: Synopsis – Conflict of Laws as Applied to Crimes
Complete the table below by supplying the missing contents of the blank cells. Do take note, that
your legal basis may be Philippine Laws and Jurisprudence, international laws with binding
application to the Philippines, or American Laws and Jurisprudence, when local laws are silent.
(20 points)

Factual Situations Point of Contact/Doctrine
12. Essential Elements Locus Regit Actum
of the crime and Definition:________________________________________________________
Penalties thereof
PART 8: Review – Crimes as Opposed to Torts
In bullet points, briefly point
13. Jurisdiction outasthe
6 Theories differences
to Jurisdiction of between
Courts (andTorts and Crimesa in the outer non-
their definitions):
overlapping space of the appropriately marked oval of the Venn Diagram. In the middle,
overlapping space of the Venn Diagram, briefly
1. Universality enumerate, in bullet points, their salient
Theory________________________________________
similarities. (10 points) ________________________________________________________
2. Protective Theory_________________________________________
TORTS CRIMES
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3. ________________________________________________________
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4. ________________________________________________________
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5. ________________________________________________________
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6. ________________________________________________________
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Theory Applicable in the Philippines:

_______________________________________________________________
Legal Basis: _____________________________________________________
Exception: ______________________________________________________
14. As to Specific
Crimes:
Where the Victim was Injured; not where the weapon was wielded.
a) Frustrated and
Consummated
Killing
PART 9: Extra-Territorial Competence of Courts

Courts may have jurisdiction over crimes beyond the territory of the sovereign state it is situated
in – the concept of Extra-territoriality of Courts. This may be in direct contravention to law-
established principle that crimes are territorial. In fact, under procedural rules, in crimes, venue is
jurisdictional. However, there are six (6) theories that are internationally accepted, and that may
even have application in certain instances in our jurisdiction. Complete the chart below by either
supplying, the theory itself, its definition, an illustration, and its applicability in the Philippine
Legal System: (20 points)
b) Attempted Killing
THEORY DEFINITION ILLUSTRATION APPLICABILITY
Universality Theory
A, a Filipino punched
c) Bigamy B, and Italian, in
Switzerland, B had A
charged under Italian
Laws.
Regardless of
Importance of points
of contact, ALL crimes
may be prosecuted by
a State whose penal
code was
transgressed.
Applicable such as
that in the prosecution
of Counterfeiters of
Philippine Currency
even though the act of
counterfeiting may
have been done in a
foreign state.
A, a Filipino punched
B, an Italian in
Switzerland, B had A
charged under
Philippine Laws.
PART 10: Crimes Committed Aboard Vessels

In bullet points, briefly point out the differences between French Rule and English in the outer
non-overlapping space of the appropriately marked oval of the Venn Diagram. In the middle,
overlapping space of the Venn Diagram, briefly enumerate, in bullet points, their salient
FRENCH RULE ENGLISH RULE

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Jose Rizal Memorial State University

Prepared by: Atty. Mark Jasper G. Cielo, RCh

All Rights Reserved (2020)

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 2

Worksheet Score Remarks

2 - Citizenship and Domicile, & Nationality and

4 - Property, Wills and Succession

5 - Torts and Damages

6. Unintelligible handwriting in any portion of this worksheet shall be treated as if no answer

Worksheet 1 - Introduction to Conflict of Laws and Choice of Law

NAME: YEAR LEVEL:

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 3

PART 1: Public International Law vs. Private International Law

Public International Law Private International Law

Body of legal rules, which applies between sovereign state

When does a conflict of laws generally arise? (2 points)

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 4

PART 2: Definition of Principles

8. Lex Loci Delictur

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 5

PART 4: Art. 16 of the New Civil Code

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 6

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 7

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 8

He filed suit in the Philippines.

1. Can Philippine courts/tribunals try and hear the case?

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 9

PART 6: Applying Foreign Law as Determined by Rules of Conflict Laws

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 10

C. In war-time, State A’s leading private corporation AAA, an ammunitions manufacturing

PART 7: Borrowing Statutes

CAPTION: Cadalin v. POEA’s Administrator

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 11

CAPTION: Bank of America v. American Realty Corp

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 12

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 13

Worksheet 2 – Citizenship and Domicile, and Nationality and Domicile of Corporations

NAME: YEAR LEVEL:

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 14

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 15

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 16

CAPTION: AASJS v. Datumanong

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 17

Time the Loss is Effective

Caption of Jurisprudential Basis

Time the Loss is Effective

Caption of Jurisprudential Basis

Time the Loss is Effective

Caption of Jurisprudential Basis

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 18

Caption of Jurisprudential Basis

Time the Loss is Effective

Caption of Jurisprudential Basis

Time the Loss is Effective

Caption of Jurisprudential Basis

PART 3: Reacquisition of Citizenship

CAPTION: Bengzon III v. HERT

The client submitted to me the following documents:

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 20

PREPARED BY: ATTY. MARK JASPER G. CIELO 21