Zoro, Inc. produces a product that has a variable cost of $6.00 per unit.

The company’s fixed costs

are $30,000. The product sells for $10.00 a unit and the company desires to earn a $20,000 profit.
What is the volume of sales in units required to achieve the target profit?

a. 5,000 Sales – VC = CM – FC = Profit

b. 7,500 $10X - $6X = $4X - $30,000 = $20,000

c. 8,333 $4X = $50,000

d. 12,500 X = $50,000 / 4 = 12,500 units

e. None of the above

Felix Company produces a product that has a selling price of $12.00 and a variable cost of
$9.00 per unit. The company’s fixed costs are $60,000. What is the breakeven point measured in
sales dollars?

a. $240,000 Sales – VC = CM – FC = Profit

b. $120,000 $12X - $9X = $3X - $60,000 = 0

c. $ 80,000 $3X = $60,000

d. $100,000 $60,000 / $3 = 20,000 units

e. None of above 20,000 units * $12 = $240,000

Kritzberg Company sells a product at $60 per unit that has unit variable costs of $40. The company’s
break-even sales volume is $120,000. How much profit will the company make if it sells 4,000 units?

a. $240,000 Sales – VC = CM – FC = Profit

b. $120,000 $60(4,000) - $40(4,000) = $80,000 – $40,000 = $40,000

c. $ 40,000

d. $ 80,000 To find FC = Sales – VC = CM – FC = Profit

e. None of the above $120,000 – $40(2,000) = $40,000 – X = 0

FC = $40,000

Berkut Company would break even at $600,000 in total sales. Assuming the company sells its
product for $50 per unit, what is its margin of safety in units if budgeted sales total $800,000?

a. 16,000 units Margin of Safety = Budgeted Sales – Breakeven Sales

b. 12,000 units $800,000 - $600,000 = $200,000 / $50 = 4,000 units

c.4,000 units
 d.1,000 units

e.None of the above

The Euro Company sells two kinds of luggage. The company projected the following cost
information for the two products:

Canister Bag Tote Bag

Unit selling price $250 $120

Unit variable cost $110 $ 80

Number of units produced and sold 6,000 4,000

The company’s total fixed costs are expected to be $280,000. Based on this information, what is the
combined number of units of the two products that would be required to breakeven? (round your
answer to the nearest whole number)

a. Under 1,500 units

b. 2,714 units CM – FC = Profit

c. 2,800 units $140(60%)X + $40(40%)X - $280,000 = 0

d. Over 3,500 units $100X = $280,000

e. None of the above X = $280,000 / $100 = 2,800 units

Shadow Lake Bottling Company produces a soft drink that is sold for a dollar. The company pays
$500,000 in production costs, half of which are fixed costs. General, selling, and administrative costs
amount to $200,000 of which $50,000 are fixed costs. Assuming production and sales of 800,000
units, what is the amount of contribution margin per unit?

a. $0.125 Sales – VC = CM

b. $0.500 $800,000 - $250,000 - $150,000 = $400,000

c. $0.375 CM / unit = $400,000 / 800,000 = 0.50

d. $0.600

e. Insufficient information available to answer

Owens Company expects to incur overhead costs of $10,000 per month and direct production costs
of $125 per unit. The estimated production activity for the upcoming year is 1,200 units. If the
company desires to earn a gross margin of $50 per unit, the sales price per unit would be which of
the following amounts?

a. $130 Sales – COGS = Gross Margin

b. $175 X - $225 = $50

c. $183 X = $275

d. $275 COGS = Product Cost

e. None of the above OH = $10,000 * 12 = $120,000 / 1,200 = $100

Total Product Cost / unit = $125 + $100 = $225

Joint products A and B emerge from common processing that costs $100,000 and yields
2,000 units of Product A and 1,000 units of Product B. Product A can be sold for $100 per unit.
Product B can be sold for $120 per unit. How much of the joint cost will be assigned to Product A if
joint costs are allocated on the basis of relative sales values?

a. $37,500 Cost Driver = Sales

b. $50,000 A = $100 * 2,000 = $200,000

c. $62,500 B = $120 * 1,000 = $120,000

d. $66,667 Total Sales = $320,000

e. None of the above Rate = $100,000 / $320,000 = 0.3125 per dollar

Allocation = 0.3125 * $200,000 = $62,500

The East and West Railroad Company has two divisions, the East Division and the West Division. The
company recently invested $800,000 to maintain its railroad track. Pertinent data for the two
divisions are as follows:

Total Miles Traveled

East Division 800,000 miles

West Division 1,200,000 miles

What is the amount of track improvement cost that should be allocated to the West Division?

a. $580,000 Cost Driver = Total Miles = 2,000,000

b. $320,000 Rate = $800,000 / 2,000,000 = 0.40

c. $400,000 Allocation to West = 1,200,000 * .40 = $480,000

d. $533,333

e. None of the above

Which of the following costs would NOT be capitalized in the inventory of a manufacturing company?

a. Commissions paid to product salespeople

b. Utility expenses for the manufacturing plant

c. Monthly salary paid to the production manager

d. Indirect materials used in manufacturing

e. All of the above costs would be capitalized in inventory.

During its first year of operations, Martin Company paid $4,000 for direct materials and
$8,500 for production workers' wages. Lease payments and utilities on the production facilities
amounted to $7,500 while general, selling, and administrative expenses totaled $3,000. The
company produced 5,000 units and sold 4,000 units at a price of $7.50 a unit.

What is the amount of gross margin for the first year?

a. $20,000 Sales – COGS = Gross Margin

b. $12,000 Sales = $7.50 * 4,000 = $30,000

c. $7,500 COGS = Product Cost per Unit * # of units sold

d. $14,000 Product Cost = $4,000 + $8,500 + $7,500 = $20,000

e. None of the above Cost per unit = $20,000 / 5,000 = $4

COGS = $4 * 4,000 = $16,000

GM = $30,000 – 16,000 = $14,000

Greenwave Products Co. incurred the following costs in 2006, the company’s first year of
operations: $28,000 for direct materials used in manufacturing; $42,000 for manufacturing
equipment to be straight-line depreciated over five years with a $2,000 salvage value; $16,000 for
office furniture to be straight-line depreciated over four years with no salvage value; $14,000 for
utilities associated with the manufacturing facility; $4,000 for office utilities; $38,000 for the
company president’s salary; $24,000 for the manufacturing manager’s salary; $48,000 for production
workers’ wages; and $22,000 for commissions paid to salespeople. If the company produced 7,625
units during the year and sold 6,400 units for $22 each, what would be the company’s gross margin
for 2006?

a. $ 58,560 Total Product Cost = $28,000 + 8,000 + 14,000 +

24,000 + 48,000 = $122,000

b. <$ 30,400> Product Cost per unit = $122,000 / 7,625 = $16

c. $ 18,800 COGS = $16 * 6400 = $102,400

d. $ 38,400 Sales = $22 * 6400 = $140,800

e. None of the above CM = $140,800 – 102,400 = $38,400

Creative Construction Company (CCC) expects to build three new homes during the first quarter of
2008. The estimated direct materials and labor costs are as follows:
Expected Costs Home 1 Home 2 Home 3

Direct labor $50,000 $40,000 $60,000

Direct materials $60,000 $80,000 $70,000

CCC needs to allocate two major overhead costs for the quarter - $30,000 of employee health
insurance and $168,000 of indirect materials costs between the three houses. CCC decides to
allocate heath insurance based on labor cost and indirect material based on material cost.

CCC uses a cost-plus pricing strategy to set the selling price of each home. The company would like
to have a gross margin of 20% of total production cost for each home sold. Based on this
information, what would be the estimated selling price for Home 2?

a. $230,400 OH Allocation:

b. $192,000 $30,000 / $150,000 = 0.20 * $40,000 = $8,000

c. $144,000 $168,000 / $210,000 = 0.80 * $80,000 = $64,000

d. $172,800 Total Product Cost = 40,000 + 80,000 +8,000+64,000 =

$192,000

e. None of the above SP = 120% * $192,000 = $230,400

Which of the following is an example of a downstream cost?

a. Research and development (R&D)

b. Direct materials used in manufacturing

c. Depreciation for the manufacturing facility

d. Salaries for production supervisors

e. None of the above

Romo Company’s manufacturing operation is divided into two departments. Department A

is an assembly department. The assembly department uses robotic equipment to construct the
company’s products. Department B is a packaging and shipping department. This department is
labor intensive and requires a large number of workers to prepare the products for delivery. The
company has total overhead cost of $300,000 for the year. Expected machine and labor
consumption patterns are as follows:

Machine Hours Labor Hours Labor Cost

Department A 27,000 6,000 $120,000

Department B 3,000 14,000 $168,000

Total 30,000 20,000 $288,000

Company management places great emphasis on cost control. Managers who are able to minimize
their department’s cost are rewarded with bonuses. Based on this information, what cost driver
should the manager of Department B recommend to allocate total overhead?

a. Machine Hours Machine Hrs = 3,000/ 30,000 = 10%

b. Labor Hours Labor Hrs = 14,000 / 20,000 = 70%

c. # of Departments Labor Cost = 168,000 / 288,000 = 58%

d. Machine or Labor Hours because they yield the same result

e. Labor Cost

If a product cost is mistakenly reported as a period cost, which of the following describes the Income
Statement effect during the year when the misreporting occurs? Assume all inventory levels do not
change (i.e. all inventory produced was sold).

a. Revenues will be overstated.

b. Cost of Goods Sold will be overstated.

c. Gross Margin will be unaffected.

d. Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses will be overstated.

e. None of the above.

What is the effect on the financial statements of recording a $100 purchase of raw materials?

a. Item A

b. Item B

c. Item C

d. Item D

e. Insufficient Information to Answer

Based on the following cost data, items labeled (a) and (b) in the table below are which of the
following amounts, respectively?

a. (a) = $3.00; (b) = $3.00 VC = $15,000 / 3,000 = $5

b. (a) = $5.00; (b) = $2.00 FC = $6,000 / 3,000 = $2

c. (a) = $2.50; (b) = $2.00

d. (a) = $5.00; (b) = $4.00

e. (a) = $10.00; (b) = $4.00

Quick Change and Fast Change are competing oil change businesses. Both companies have
5,000 customers and currently make the same amount of profit. The price of an oil change at both
companies is $20. Quick Change pays its employees on a salary basis, and its salary expense is
$40,000. Fast Change pays it employees $8 per customer served. Suppose Quick Change is able to
lure 1,000 customers from Fast Change by lowering its price to $18 per vehicle. Thus, Quick Change
will have 6,000 customers and Fast Change will have only 4,000 customers. Select the correct
statement from the following.

Quick Fast

Rev $100,0000 $100,000

 Cost ( 40,000) ( 40,000)

NI $ 60,000 $ 60,000

After Change

Rev $108,000 $80,000

Cost ( 40,000) ( 32,000)

NI $ 68,000 $48,000

a. Quick Change's profit will remain the same while Fast Change's profit will fall.

b. Fast Change’s profit will fall but it will still earn a higher profit than Quick Change.

c. Profits will decline for both Quick Change and Fast Change.

d. Quick Change’s profit will increase, and Fast Change’s profit will decrease.

e. None of the above.

Companies A and B are in the same industry and are identical except for cost structure. At a volume
of 50,000 units, the companies have equal net incomes. At 60,000 units, Company B’s net income
would be substantially higher than A’s. Based on this information,

a. Company B’s cost structure has more variable costs than A’s.

b. Company A’s cost structure has higher fixed costs than B’s.

c. Company B’s cost structure has higher fixed costs than A’s.

d. At a volume of 50,000 units, Company B’s magnitude of operating leverage was lower than
A’s.

e. All of the above.

Based on the income statements shown below, which division has the cost structure with the lowest
operating leverage?
a. Bottled Water Soft Drinks = 40 / 10 = 4

b. Fruit Juices Bottled Water = 45 / 5 = 9

c. Soft Drinks Fruit Juice = 20 / 10 = 2

d. The three divisions have identical operating leverage.

e. Not enough information to answer the question.

. The following income statement is provided for Flint, Inc.

What is this company's magnitude of operating leverage?

a. 9.1 OL = CM / NI

b. 5.0 CM = 50,000 – 27,500 = 22,500

c. 4.1 OL = 22,500 / 5,500 = 4.1

d. 1.8

e. 3.1
Production in 2007 for Stowe Snow Mobile was at its highest point in the month of June when 40
units were produced at a total cost of $600,000. The low point in production was in January when
only 15 units were produced at a cost of $340,000. The company is preparing a budget for 2008 and
needs to project expected fixed cost for the budget year. Using the high/low method, the projected
amount of fixed cost per month is

a. $260,000 VC per Unit = ($600,000 – 340,000) / (40 – 15)

b. $240,000 VC per unit = $10,400 / unit

c. $184,000

d. $ 10,400 $600,000 = FC + ($10,400 * 40)

e. None of the above. FC,000 = $184

At its $25 selling price, Paciolli Company has sales of $10,000, variable manufacturing costs of
$4,000, fixed manufacturing costs of $1,000, variable selling and administrative costs of $2,000 and
fixed selling and administrative costs of $1,000. What is the company's contribution margin per unit?

a. $15 CM = Sales - VC

b. $10 $10,000 – 4,000 – 2,000 = $4,000

c. $0.60 # of units = $10,000 / $25 = 400

d. $0.40 CM per unit = $4,000 / 400 = $10

e. None of the above

.