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    Automating Ip Networks With Python

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    LAngel Reyes
    The document discusses network automation using Python. It begins by arguing that standardization is important for automation and provides examples of naming conventions. It then discusses different Python packages for automating network devices like Juniper, Cisco, and Arista. PyEZ is highlighted as providing predefined tables for Juniper while netmiko uses CLI. An example network is shown that could benefit from automation. Two specific examples of updating BGP peers and adding interface descriptions are given. It concludes by recommending starting with non-disruptive commands and referencing additional resources.

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    Automating Ip Networks With Python

    Uploaded by

    LAngel Reyes
    88 views31 pages
    The document discusses network automation using Python. It begins by arguing that standardization is important for automation and provides examples of naming conventions. It then discusses different Python packages for automating network devices like Juniper, Cisco, and Arista. PyEZ is highlighted as providing predefined tables for Juniper while netmiko uses CLI. An example network is shown that could benefit from automation. Two specific examples of updating BGP peers and adding interface descriptions are given. It concludes by recommending starting with non-disruptive commands and referencing additional resources.

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    The document discusses network automation using Python. It begins by arguing that standardization is important for automation and provides examples of naming conventions. It then discusses different Python packages for automating network devices like Juniper, Cisco, and Arista. PyEZ is highlighted as providing predefined tables for Juniper while netmiko uses CLI. An example network is shown that could benefit from automation. Two specific examples of updating BGP peers and adding interface descriptions are given. It concludes by recommending starting with non-disruptive commands and referencing additional resources.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    88 views31 pages

    Automating Ip Networks With Python

    Uploaded by

    LAngel Reyes
    The document discusses network automation using Python. It begins by arguing that standardization is important for automation and provides examples of naming conventions. It then discusses different Python packages for automating network devices like Juniper, Cisco, and Arista. PyEZ is highlighted as providing predefined tables for Juniper while netmiko uses CLI. An example network is shown that could benefit from automation. Two specific examples of updating BGP peers and adding interface descriptions are given. It concludes by recommending starting with non-disruptive commands and referencing additional resources.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 31

    Automating IP networks with

    Python
    Tomás Lynch
    Vultr, LLC.

    September 2019 - LACNOG2019


    What would you choose?

    Life with or without automation?


    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 2
    Actually...

    Life without automation Life with automation


    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 3
    Standardization before automation
    Automation is useless without standardized configuration

    Naming convention, same OS version, etc. are automation fundamental pieces

    Automation relies on regular expressions

    Example: add a prefix list to all edge routers:

    router.edge1.ar, router.edge1.br, router.edge1.co


    vs.
    diego10-router, pele.br, co7ar0-edge

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 4


    Automation and
    Python

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 5


    Python network element packages
    ncclient
    ● Juniper, Cisco CSR, Cisco Nexus, Huawei, Alcatel Lucent, H3C, HP
    ● netconf only

    PyEZ
    ● Juniper

    netmiko
    ● Arista, Cisco IOS, Juniper, MikroTik, among others

    And 6,594 projects more

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 6


    show lldp neighbors performance
    PyEZ - predefined table netmiko - CLI
    dev = Device( device = {
    host=router, 'device_type': 'brocade',
    user=uname, 'ip': router,
    connect

    password=pw 'username': uname,


    ) 'password': pw,
    'port': port,
    'secret': enablepass
    }

    dev.open() ssh_connect=Netmiko(**device)
    ssh_connect.enable()
    command

    ssh_connect.send_command('skip-page-display')

    router_lldp = LLDPNeighborTable(dev) lldp_neighbors =


    lldp_neighbors = router_lldp.get() ssh_connect.send_command('show lldp neighbors
    detail')
    dis.

    dev.close() ssh_connect.disconnect()
    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 7
    Package performance
    PyEZ netmiko (ssh)

    Predefined operational table Command-line interface

    10 routers 10 routers

    15 seconds 1 minute 38 seconds

    Output: lldp_neighbors Output: lldp_neighbors

    Dictionary Plain text

    Ready to use! More processing

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 8


    Automation and
    Python in use

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 9


    The network
    Internet
    16 locations

    1600 network elements


    Edge Edge
    router router
    1 2
    Automation using puppet, python, etc.

    Distribution 1 Distribution n

    TOR 1 TOR 2 TOR 3 TOR m

    VMs VMs VMs VMs

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 10


    Example 1: update_bgp_peer

    13 Public Peering Exchange Points


    17 Private Peering Facilities
    1100 peers aprox.

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 11


    Example 2: interface_description

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 12


    Conclusions,
    recommendations,
    and references

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 13


    Conclusions
    Standardization is the most important step before automation

    Automate repetitive and boring tasks

    Peering information, standards verification, massive changes, etc.

    Use complete commands: “show running-config” instead of “sh ru”

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 14


    Recommendations
    Do not spend time in once in a lifetime scripts

    Use your old friends: grep, awk, etc.

    If no experience: start with non-disrupting commands

    Use vendor specific packages if possible

    Do not store passwords in scripts!

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 15


    References
    Python Package Index – pypi.org

    Network automation – juni.pr/2YVgjVj

    netmiko platforms – bit.ly/2Tf6Oeo

    Clos architecture – RFC7938

    PyEZ – juni.pr/2YSmf1g

    BGP summary using PyEZ – www.inetzero.com/pyez

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 16


    Thank you!
    Tomas Lynch

    tlynch [at] vultr (dot) com


    Backup slides
    Tomas Lynch

    [email protected]
    Automation

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 19


    What is network automation?
    Process of automating:

    configuration,

    management,

    testing,

    deployment, and

    operations

    Also called network programmability


    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 20
    Automation block diagram

    Variables Script API Infrastructure

    Device
    name REST Router
    ASN XML Switch
    IP address JSON Server
    Description NETCONF Etc.
    Etc.

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 21


    Also monitoring?

    Variables

    Script API Infrastructure

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 22


    If it helps to make automated decisions

    Variables

    Script

    API Infrastructure

    Script

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 23


    Standardization

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 24


    Configuration standardization
    Automation is useless without a configuration standard or naming convention

    Automation relies on regular expressions:

    ^TRANSIT.* = all transit interfaces

    .*PRIV_PEER = all private peers

    .*(PUB|PRIV)_PEER = all peers

    router.cisco.*\.pa = Cisco routers in Panamá

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 25


    Software version standardization
    junos.version_info(major=(15, 1) junos.version_info(major=(18, 4)

    { {
    'community': [{ 'community': [{
    'name': { 'name': 'EXAMPLE_COMM',
    'data': 'EXAMPLE_COMM' 'members': ['65536:1']
    }, }]
    'members': [{ }
    'data': '65536:1'
    }]
    }]
    }

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 26


    PyEZ warning

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 27


    Script
    dev = Device(host=router, user=username, password=password)
    dev.open()

    cli = Config(dev, mode='private')

    command = 'set interface et-0/0/0 description "A nice description"'

    try:
    cli.load(command, format='set')
    except (ConfigLoadError, Exception) as err:
    print ("Unable to load configuration changes: {0}".format(err))

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 28


    Output
    Unable to load configuration changes:
    ConfigLoadError(severity: error, bad_element: interface,
    message: error: syntax error)

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 29


    The problem?

    set interface != set interfaces

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 30


    Corrected script
    dev = Device(host=router, user=username, password=password)
    dev.open()

    cli = Config(dev, mode='private')

    command = 'set interfaces et-0/0/0 description "A nice description"'

    try:
    cli.load(command, format='set')
    except (ConfigLoadError, Exception) as err:
    print ("Unable to load configuration changes: {0}".format(err))

    LACNOC2019 - Automation - Lynch 31

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