Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 69 views

    Aguilon - Ulo 4

    Uploaded by

    Carlo Alcantara
    1. The process of distillation produces asphalt cement from crude petroleum through steam distillation in continuous stills where temperature steadily increases the evaporation of compounds. Asphalt can also be extracted from natural resources and is composed of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. 2. Factors that influence the durability of asphalt include the mixture type, asphalt composition, temperature, moisture, air content, film thickness, aggregate impacts, permeability, grade, traffic, and other parameters. 3. To produce a rapid-curing cutback asphalt, the transition from liquid to solid consistency must be easier.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Aguilon - Ulo 4

    Uploaded by

    Carlo Alcantara
    69 views17 pages
    1. The process of distillation produces asphalt cement from crude petroleum through steam distillation in continuous stills where temperature steadily increases the evaporation of compounds. Asphalt can also be extracted from natural resources and is composed of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. 2. Factors that influence the durability of asphalt include the mixture type, asphalt composition, temperature, moisture, air content, film thickness, aggregate impacts, permeability, grade, traffic, and other parameters. 3. To produce a rapid-curing cutback asphalt, the transition from liquid to solid consistency must be easier.

    Original Title

    AGUILON - ULO 4

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1. The process of distillation produces asphalt cement from crude petroleum through steam distillation in continuous stills where temperature steadily increases the evaporation of compounds. Asphalt can also be extracted from natural resources and is composed of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. 2. Factors that influence the durability of asphalt include the mixture type, asphalt composition, temperature, moisture, air content, film thickness, aggregate impacts, permeability, grade, traffic, and other parameters. 3. To produce a rapid-curing cutback asphalt, the transition from liquid to solid consistency must be easier.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    69 views17 pages

    Aguilon - Ulo 4

    Uploaded by

    Carlo Alcantara
    1. The process of distillation produces asphalt cement from crude petroleum through steam distillation in continuous stills where temperature steadily increases the evaporation of compounds. Asphalt can also be extracted from natural resources and is composed of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen. 2. Factors that influence the durability of asphalt include the mixture type, asphalt composition, temperature, moisture, air content, film thickness, aggregate impacts, permeability, grade, traffic, and other parameters. 3. To produce a rapid-curing cutback asphalt, the transition from liquid to solid consistency must be easier.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17

    MELANY JOYCE AGUILON

    BCE312 (2266)
    ULO-4

    Let’s Check
    Let’s Analyze
    1. Briefly describe the process of distillation by which asphalt cement is produced
    from crude petroleum. Also, describe in detail how you would obtain asphalt
    binders that can be used to coat highly siliceous aggregates.
    The process of steam distillation includes a continuous flow in which crude
    petroleum is being pumped through the tube stills and temperature must steadily
    increase for the compounds to evaporate. Additionally, asphalt is a byproduct of
    petroleum distillation and can also be extracted from natural resources. It is
    composed of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen.

    2. Describe both the factors that influence the durability of asphalt materials and the
    effect each factor has on the material.
    The factors that influence the durability of asphalt materials are the type of
    mixture, asphalt composition, temperature, moisture, air content, film thickness,
    aggregate surface impacts, permeability, kind and grade of asphalt, traffic
    circumstances, and other parameters.

    3. You have been told to produce a rapid-curing cutback asphaltic material. What
    factors will you need to consider?
    The factor to consider to produce a rapid-curing cutback asphaltic material
    is an easier transition from liquid form to its original cement consistency.

    4. Discuss the structural components of a flexible pavement.


    The flexible pavement components are surface course, binder course, base
    course, subbase course, frost protection course. While the wearing course of
    flexible pavements is made out of bitumen or asphalt, and it supports loads through
    bearing. It is also has greater flexural strength.

    5. Describe the purpose of soil stabilization and discuss at least three methods of
    achieving soil stabilization.
    Soil stabilization helps to increase soil strength and water softening
    resistance by connecting soil particles, water proofing it, and combination of both.
    Technology also provides alternative to address various structural problems.

    6. Portland cement concrete consists of what four primary elements?


    The four primary elements that Portland cement concrete is made of are
    Calcium, Iron, Silica, and Alumina.

    7. List and briefly describe the five main types of Portland cement as specified by
    AASHTO.
    Type I – for all-purpose use.
    Type IA - the same as Type I, but with the addition of air entrainment.
    Type II – for sulfate resistance that is moderate.
    Type IIA - the same as Type II, but with the addition of air entrainment.
    Type II (MH) - similar to Type II, but for mild heat of hydration.

    8. What is the main requirement for the water used in Portland cement?
    The main requirement for the water used in Portland cement is that there
    must be 1.2 times the solid volume of the cement in the original mixing water-filled
    region.

    9. Describe the basic types of highway concrete pavements and give the conditions
    under which each type will be constructed.
    These are the three basic structural categories since the groundbreaking project:
    • Plain concrete pavement with joints (JPCP)
    • Pavement with joints made of reinforced concrete (JRCP)
    • Pavement made of continuously reinforced concrete (CRCP)

    10. List and briefly describe the four types of joints used in concrete pavements.
    Joints for isolation – function as expansion joints
    Joints used in construction – function as contraction joints
    Joints of contraction – also called as control joints

    11. Define the phenomenon of pumping and its effects on rigid pavements.
    “The Phenomena of Pumping” is the outflow of water and subgrade (or sub-
    base) material through joints, fissures, and along the pavement edge. The primary
    cause of this phenomena is the recurrent deflection of the pavement slab in the
    presence of collected water beneath.

    12. List and describe the types of stresses that develop in rigid pavements.
    • Curvature and Stresses Caused by Bending
    • Relative Stiffness of Slabs.
    • Modulus of Subgrade Reaction.
    • Stresses due to Warping.
    • Stresses due to Friction.
    • Effects of Warping, Contraction, and Expansion.
    • Plain versus Reinforced Pavements.
    • Definition of Joint Types.

    In a Nutshell
    In this chapter, I have learned a lot such as the pavement design, its compositions,
    and characteristics. As a future civil engineer, having knowledge about this will help me
    choose the best suitable material to use depending on the problems needed to be
    addressed. It will influence my future work by making sure that I will provide or
    recommend the best and most practical plan.

    You might also like