Chapter 1 Laws of Indices (2016 A1)

1. ( x 4 ) 3 = x 4×3 = x12

2. ( x 4 y 2 )3 = x 4×3 y 2×3 = x12 y 6

x12
3. = x12 − 4 = x 8
x4

y8
4. −2
= y 8 − ( −2) = y10
y

x9 y 5
5. = x 9 − 4 y 5 − ( −1) = x 5 y 6
x 4 y −1

( x 2 y 3 ) 5 x 2×5 y 3×5 x10 y15

6. 2
= 2
= 2
= x10 − 2 y15 = x 8 y15
x x x

(a 6b 4 ) 3 a18b12
7. = 7 − 5 = a18 − 7b12 − ( −5) = a11b17
a 7b − 5 a b

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Chapter 1 Laws of Indices (2015 A1)

1. (a 3b5 ) 7  a 21b35

2. (a 2 b 4 ) 6  a12b 24
a12

b 24

1 1
3. 
(ab  3 ) 2 a 2b  6
b6

a2

a5 1 1
4. 11
 11 5

a a a6

a8 a8 1 1
5. 3 4
 12
 12 8  4
(a ) a a a

a3 a3
6. 
(ab  5 ) 7 a 7b  35
b35

a 7 3
b35

a4

a10 a10
7. 
(a 3b 8 ) 4 a12b  32
b 32
 12 10
a
b 32
 2
a

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Chapter 1 Laws of Indices (2014 A1)

a2 1 1
1. 3
 3 2

a a a

a 3 1
2. 4
 4  ( 3)
a a
1
 7
a

(a 2 )3 a 6
3. 
a4 a4
1

a 4  ( 6)
1

a10

4. (a 3b 6 ) 2  a 6 b 12
a6

b12

a 2 b 4 b4
5. 3
 3  ( 2 )
a a
b4
 5
a

(ab 3 ) 2 a 2b 6
6. 
b3 b3
a2
 3  ( 6)
b
a2
 9
b

(a 3b 2 ) 2 a 6b 4
7. 
b4 b4
a6
 4  ( 4)
b
a6
 8
b

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Chapter 1 Laws of Indices (2013 A1)

1. (a2 b3)4 = a8 b12

a9 a9
2. 
(a 2 )6 a12
1

a12  9
1

a3

a 2b 7 b7 3
3. 
a 4b 3 a 42
b4

a2

b10 b10
4. 
( a 4b 3 ) 3 a12b9
b10  9

a12
b

a12

a5 a5
5. 
(a 3b 4 )3 a 9b12
1

a 9  5b12
1

a 4b12

a 8b 9 a 8b 9
6. 
( a 3b 2 ) 4 a12b 8
b 98

a128
b

a4

a 22b14 a 22b14
7. 
(a 6b) 5 a 30b 5
b145

a 3022
b9
 8
a

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Chapter 2 Formulae (2016 A1)

1. 5x − 2 x + y = 0 7. B( x + 2) = (2 x + C ) D
3x + y = 0 Bx + 2 B = 2 xD + CD
3x = − y Bx − 2 xD = CD − 2 B
x=−
y x( B − 2 D) = CD − 2 B
3 CD − 2 B
x=
B − 2D

2. 7 x + 6 y + y = 5x
2x + 7 y = 0
2 x = −7 y
7y
x=−
2

3. Ax = 5 x + 6 y
Ax − 5 x = 6 y
x( A − 5) = 6 y
6y
x=
A−5

4. x = 3( x + B )
x = 3 x + 3B
− 2 x = 3B
3B
x=−
2

5. Bx = 3(2 x + C )
Bx = 6 x + 3C
Bx − 6 x = 3C
x( B − 6) = 3C
3C
x=
B−6

6. Ax = (3x + C ) D
Ax = 3xD + CD
Ax − 3xD = CD
x( A − 3D) = CD
CD
x=
A − 3D

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Chapter 2 Formulae (2015 A1)

y −3 3x + 2 y + 4
=2 7. =x
1. y
x
y − 3 = 2x 3x + 2 y + 4 = xy
y = 2x + 3 2 y + 4 = xy − 3x
2 y + 4 = x( y − 3)
2y + 4
x=
6 − 3y y −3
2. =7
x
6 − 3y = 7x
6 − 7x = 3y
6 − 7x
y=
3

3a + 2b
3. =7
b
3a + 2b = 7b
3a = 5b
5b
a=
3

3a + 2b − 2
4. =7
b
3a + 2b − 2 = 7b
3a − 2 = 5b
3a − 2
b=
5

4a − 3b + 5
5. =6
b
4a − 3b + 5 = 6b
4a + 5 = 9b
4a + 5
b=
9

5x − 6 y + 6
6. =2
3y
5x − 6 y + 6 = 6 y
5 x + 6 = 12 y
5x + 6
y=
12

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Chapter 2 Formulae (2014 A1)

1. 2b = 3a + 7
3a + 7
b=
2

2. 5 + 2b = 3a + 7
2b = 3a + 2
3a + 2
b=
2

3. 5a − 2b = 3a + 7
2a − 7 = 2b
2a − 7
b=
2

4. 4(2b) = 3a + 7
8b = 3a + 7
3a + 7
b=
8

5. 3a = 4(5a − 2b)
3a = 20a − 8b
8b = 17 a
17 a
b=
8

6. 4(5 + 2b) = 3a + 7
20 + 8b = 3a + 7
8b = 3a − 13
3a − 13
b=
8

7. 4(5a − 2b) = 3a + 7
20a − 8b = 3a + 7
17 a − 7 = 8b
17 a − 7
b=
8

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Chapter 2 Formulae (2013 A1)

1 2
1 − =3
1. =m 7.
m n
n
1 2
1 = mn −3=
m n
1
n= 1 − 3m 2
m =
m n
n(1 − 3m) = 2m
2m
2.
1
= m−3 n=
n 1 − 3m
1 = n(m − 3)
1
n=
m−3

2
3. = m−3
n
2 = n(m − 3)
2
n=
m−3

1
4. +n =3
m
1
n = 3−
m
3m − 1
n=
m

1
5. − 2n = 3
m
1
− 3 = 2n
m
1 − 3m
= 2n
m
1 − 3m
n=
2m

1 1
+ =3
6. m n
1 1
= 3−
n m
1 3m − 1
=
n m
m
n=
3m − 1

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Chapter 3 Approximation and Errors (2014 A1)

1. (a) 1 928.3 = 2 000, cor. to the nearest thousand

(b) 1 928.3 = 1 900, cor. to the nearest hundred
(c) 1 928.3 = 1 930, cor. to the nearest ten
(d) 1 928.3 = 1 928, cor. to the nearest integer

2. (a) 1 928.3 = 2 000, rounding up to the nearest thousand

(b) 1 928.3 = 2 000, rounding up to the nearest hundred
(c) 1 928.3 = 1 930, rounding up to the nearest ten
(d) 1 928.3 = 1 929, rounding up to the nearest integer

3. (a) 1 928.3 = 1 000, rounding down to the nearest thousand

(b) 1 928.3 = 1 900, rounding down to the nearest hundred
(c) 1 928.3 = 1 920, rounding down to the nearest ten
(d) 1 928.3 = 1 928, rounding down to the nearest integer

4. (a) 0.453 027 = 0.5, cor. to 1 d.p.

(b) 0.453 027 = 0.45, cor. to 2 d.p.
(c) 0.453 027 = 0.453, cor. to 3 d.p.
(d) 0.453 027 = 0.453 0, cor. to 4 d.p.

5. (a) 820.700 6 = 800, cor. to 1 sig. fig.

(b) 820.700 6 = 821, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
(c) 820.700 6 = 820.70, cor. to 5 sig. fig.
(d) 820.700 6 = 820.701, cor. to 6 sig. fig.

6. (a) 260.840 1 = 260.8, cor. to 4 sig. fig.

(b) 260.840 1 = 260, rounding down to the nearest
integer
(c) 260.840 1 = 260.841, rounding up to 3 d.p.
(d) 260.840 1 = 260.840, cor. to 6 sig. fig.

7. (a) 0.090 107 04 = 0.09, cor. to 1 sig. fig.

(b) 0.090 107 04 = 0.0, rounding down to 1 d.p.
(c) 0.090 107 04 = 0.10, rounding up to 2 d.p.
(d) 0.090 107 04 = 0.090 11, cor. to 4 sig. fig.

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Chapter 3 Approximation and Errors (2013 A1)

1
1. Maximum error = 10 g  5 g The range of 10.0 L is 9.95 L to 10.05 L.
2 ∴ It is impossible, since the two ranges have no
∴ The range of values of x is
overlap.
400 – 5  x < 400 + 5
i.e. 395  x < 405 1 1
6. (a) 75  1  x  75  1
2 2
1 i.e. 74.5  x  75.5
2. Maximum error =  0.02 kg  0.01 kg
2
(b) The least possible weight of 70 packs
∴ The range of values of x is
= 70 × 74.5 g
8 – 0.01  x < 8 + 0.01
= 5 215 g
i.e. 7.99  x < 8.01
= 5.215 kg
The greatest possible weight of 70 packs
1
3. Maximum error of a pack = 1 g  0.5 g = 70 × 75.5 g
2
= 5 285 g
The least possible weight of a pack
= (78 – 0.5) g = 5.285 kg
The range of 5.4 kg is 5.35 kg to 5.45 kg.
= 77.5 g
∴ It is impossible, since the two ranges have no
∴ The least possible weight of 60 packs
= 60 × 77.5 g overlap.

= 4 650 g (c) The least possible weight of 72 packs

= 72 × 74.5 g
1 = 5.364 kg
4. (a) Maximum error of a pack = 10 mL  5 mL
2 The greatest possible weight of 72 packs
The least possible volume of a pack = 72 × 75.5 g
= (110 – 5) mL = 5.436 kg
= 105 mL ∵ 5.364 kg = 5.4 kg, cor. to the nearest 0.1 kg
(b) The least possible volume of 86 packs 5.436 kg = 5.4 kg, cor. to the nearest 0.1 kg
= 86 × 105 mL ∴ The total weight of 72 packs must be 5.4 kg
= 9 030 mL correct to the nearest 0.1 kg.
= 9.03 L Thus, the claim is agreed.
The greatest possible volume of 86 packs
= 86 × (110 + 5) mL 1
7. (a) The least possible length  (12.3   0.1) m
= 9 890 mL 2
 12.25 m
= 9.89 L
The range of 10.0 L is 9.95 L to 10.05 L. (b) The range is
1 1 1
∴ It is impossible, since the two ranges have no 12.25 m to (12.3   0.1) m,
200 200 2
overlap.
0.061 25 m to 0.061 75 m
i.e. 6.125 cm to 6.175 cm
5. The least possible volume of 85 packs
(c) For 6.125 cm  length < 6.15 cm,
= 85 × 105 mL
length = 6.1 cm, cor. to the nearest 0.1 cm
= 8 925 mL
For 6.15 cm  length < 6.175 cm,
= 8.925 L
length = 6.2 cm, cor. to the nearest 0.1 cm
The greatest possible volume of 85 packs
∴ The claim is disagreed.
= 85 ×115 mL
= 9 775 mL
= 9.775 L

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Chapter 4 Percentages (2015 A1)

1. Selling price  $700(1  15%)

 $805

700  595
2. Percentage loss   100%
700
 15%

3. Let the cost be $x.

x(1  12%)  1 456
1 456
x
1.12
 1 300
∴ The cost is $1 300.

4. Selling price  $5 600(1  35%)

 $3 640

5. Let the marked price be $x.

x(1  15%)  2 210
2 210
x
0.85
 2 600
∴ The marked price is $2 600.

6. (a) Selling price  $3 000(1  20%)

 $3 600

(b) Let the marked price be $x.

x(1  20%)  3 600
3 600
x
0.8
 4 500
∴ The marked price is $4 500.

7. (a) Selling price  $2 300(1  15%)

 $1 955

(b) Let the cost be $x.

x(1  15%)  1 955
1 955
x
1.15
 1 700
∴ The cost is $1 700.

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Chapter 4 Percentages (2014 A1)

1. Selling price  $720(1  35%)

 $972

2. Let the cost be $x.

x(1  40%)  870
870
x
0.6
 1 450
∴ The cost is $1 450.

3. Percentage profit
2 900  2 500
  100%
2 500
400
  100%
2 500
 16%

4. Selling price  $3 660(1  35%)

 $3 660  65%
 $2 379

5. Let the marked price be $x.

x(1  18%)  2 337
2 337
x
82%
 2 850
∴ The marked price is $2 850.

6. Let the marked price be $x.

x(1  20%)  1 080
x  1 350
Let the cost be $y.
y(1  20%)  1 080
y  900
∴ The marked price is $1 350 and the cost is $900.

7. (a) Selling price  $600(1  10%)

 $540

(b) Let the cost be $x.

x(1  35%)  540
y  400
∴ The cost is $400.

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Chapter 5 Equations (2016 A1)

6. Let the number of clerical staff be y,

1. Number of dogs = 300(1 + 15%)
= 300(1.15) then the number of technical staff = y(1 + 75%)
= 345 = 1.75y
y + 1.75y = 550
2.75y = 550
2. Number of boys = x(1 + 40%) y = 200
= 1.4 x Number of technical staff
= 550 – 200
= 350
3. Let the number of girls be x, The difference
then the number of boys = x(1 + 30%) = 1.3x = 350 – 200
x + 1.3 x = 138 = 150
2.3 x = 138
x = 60
∴ The number of girls is 60. 7. Let the number of female members be y,
then the number of male members = y(1 – 40%)
= 0.6y
4. Number of boys = 138 − 60
y + 0.6y = 480
= 78
1.6y = 480
Alternatively,
y = 300
Number of boys = 1.3x Number of male members
= 1.3 × 60 = 480 – 300
= 78
= 180
The difference
= 300 – 180
5. (a) Let the number of female audience be y,
= 120
then the number of male audience = y(1 + 28%)
= 1.28y
y + 1.28 y = 342
2.28 y = 342
y = 150
∴ The number of female audience is 150.
(b) Number of male audience
= 342 – 150
= 192
Alternatively,
Number of male audience
= 1.28y
= 1.28 × 150
= 192

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Chapter 5 Equations (2015 A1)

1. (a) Number of pears owned by Zoe = 2y 7. Suppose Pluto gives x cars to Goofy.
x 3(10  x)  20  x
(b) Number of pears owned by York =
2 30  3 x  20  x
30  20  3 x  x
2. (a) Number of members in group B = y + 5 10  4 x
(b) Number of members in group A = x – 5 x  2.5
∵ x is not an integer.
3. (a) Number of eggs owned by Gigi = x + y ∴ It is impossible that Goofy will have 3 times as many
(b) Number of eggs owned by Evan =2(x + y) cars as Pluto has.
Thus, the claim is disagreed.
4. Let the number of rulers owned by Susanna before
receiving the rulers be y.

Susanna Hugo
Begin y 3y
After y+5 3y – 5

3 y  5  2( y  5)
3 y  5  2 y  10
y  15
∴ Number of rulers owned by Susanna after receiving
the rulers from Hugo = 15 + 5 = 20

5. Let the number of books owned by Jennifer originally

be x. Then Herman had 4x books originally.
4 x  18  x  18
4 x  x  18  18
3x  36
x  12
∴ Number of books owned by them = 12 + 4(12) = 60

6. Let the number of dolls owned by Mickey originally be

x. Then Donald had 3x dolls originally.
7 ( x  2)  3 x  2
7 x  14  3 x  2
7 x  3 x  14  2
4 x  16
x4
∴ Total number of dolls owned by them = 4 + 3(4) = 16

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Chapter 5 Equations (2013 A1)

1. Total price = $(3 × 120 + 6 × 70) 7. Let the prices of a pen and a ruler be $x and $y
= $780 respectively.
7x + 6y = 177 ........................(1)
2. 8  40  9 x  590 6x + 7y = 174 ........................(2)
9 x  270
(2) × 7 – (1) × 6: 13y = 156
x  30
y = 12
∴ The price of a ruler is $12.
3. Let the number of cups be x.
35  2  27 x  178
27 x  108
x4
∴ There are 4 cups.

4. 5x + 2y = 23 .......................... (1)
6x + y = 22
y = 22 – 6x .................... (2)
Substitute (2) into (1), 5 x  2(22  6 x)  23
5 x  44  12 x  23
21  7 x
x3
Substitute x = 3 into (2), y = 22 – 6 × 3 = 4
∴ Playing a round of “Game B” needs 4 coins.

5. 10x – 4y = 10 ........................ (1)

7x – 2y = 11 .......................... (2)
(2) × 2 – 1: 4x = 12
x=3
Substitute x = 3 into (1), 10(3)  4 y  10
4 y  20
y5

6. Let the fare of an adult be $x and the fare of a child be $y.

10x + 6y = 114
5x + 3y = 57 ........................ (1)
6x + 10y = 100.4
3x + 5y = 50.2 ..................... (2)
(1) × 5 – (2) × 3: 16x = 134.4
x = 8.4
∴ The fare of an adult is $8.4.

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Chapter 6 Polynomials (1) (2016 A1 Q1)

2 4
1 1 7. +
1. + 3x − 4 5 − 6 x
5 7 2(5 − 6 x) + 4(3x − 4)
7+5 =
= (3x − 4)(5 − 6 x)
5 7
10 − 12 x + 12 x − 16
12 =
= (3x − 4)(5 − 6 x)
35
−6
=
(3x − 4)(5 − 6 x)
6
7 x + 5x =
1
+
1
= (3x − 4)(6 x − 5)
2.
5 x 7 x (5 x)(7 x)
12 x
=
35 x 2
12
=
35 x

1 1
3. +
2x + 3 1 + 4x
1 + 4x + 2x + 3
=
(2 x + 3)(1 + 4 x)
6x + 4
=
(2 x + 3)(1 + 4 x)

4. 2(1 – 4x) = 2 – 8x

5. 2(1 − 4 x) + 3(3x + 2)
= 2 − 8x + 9 x + 6
= x+8

2 3
6. +
3x + 2 1 − 4 x
2(1 − 4 x) + 3(3 x + 2)
=
(3 x + 2)(1 − 4 x)
2 − 8x + 9 x + 6
=
(3x + 2)(1 − 4 x)
x+8
=
(3x + 2)(1 − 4 x)

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Chapter 6 Polynomials (1) (2016 A1 Q2)

1. 4m – 6n = 2(2m – 3n)

2. 3x – 6y = 3(x – 2y)

3. x2 – 4x – 5 = (x + 1)(x – 5)

4. a2 + ab – 20b2 = (a – 4b)(a + 5b)

5. (x + 3y)(x – 2y) – 4(x – 2y) =(x – 2y)(x + 3y – 4)

6. m 2 + mn − 20n 2 − 3m + 12n
= (m 2 + mn − 20n 2 ) − (3m − 12n)
= (m − 4n)(m + 5n) − 3(m − 4n)
= (m − 4n)(m + 5n − 3)

7. (a) 7a + 14b = 7(a + 2b)

(b) a2 – ab – 6b2 = (a + 2b)(a – 3b)

(c) a 2 − ab − 6b 2 − 7 a − 14b
= a 2 − ab − 6b 2 − (7 a + 14b)
= ( a + 2b)(a − 3b) − 7(a + 2b)
= ( a + 2b)(a − 3b − 7)

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Chapter 6 Polynomials (1) (2015 A1)

1. a2 – a = a(a – 1)

2. 6a3 – 3a2 + 4a2b = a2(6a – 3 + 4b)

3. a(a + 1) – 2a – 2
= a(a + 1) – 2(a + 1)
= (a + 1)(a – 2)

4. a2(a + b – 1) – 2a – 2b + 2
= a2(a + b – 1) – 2(a + b – 1)
= (a + b – 1)(a2 – 2)

5. a2(a + 3) – a – 3
= a2(a + 3) – (a + 3)
= (a + 3)(a2 – 1)
= (a + 3)(a + 1)(a – 1)

6. a2(a + b + 1) – a – b – 1
= a2(a + b + 1) – (a + b + 1)
= (a + b + 1)(a2 – 1)
= (a + b + 1)(a + 1)(a – 1)

7. (a) a3 + 2a2b – 3a2 = a2(a + 2b – 3)

(b) a3 + 2a2b – 3a2 – a – 2b + 3
= a2(a + 2b – 3) – (a + 2b – 3)
= (a + 2b – 3)(a2 – 1)
= (a + 2b – 3)(a + 1)(a – 1)

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Chapter 6 Polynomials (1) (2014 A1)

1. x2 – 4x – 12 = (x + 2)(x – 6)

2. x2  x – 12 = (x + 3)(x – 4)

3. x2 – 11x – 12 = (x + 1)(x – 12)

4. y(x + 1) + (x – 2)(x + 1)
= (x + 1)[y + (x – 2)]
= (x + 1)(y + x  2)

5. 2xy2 + 2y2 + (x + 1)
= 2y2(x + 1) + (x + 1)
= (x + 1)(2y2 + 1)

6. xy2 + 2y2 + x2 – 2x – 8
= y2(x + 2) + (x – 4)(x + 2)
= (x + 2)(y2 + x – 4)

7. (a) x2 – 5x – 6 = (x + 1)(x – 6)
(b) 2xy2 + 2y2 + x2 – 5x – 6
= 2y2(x + 1) + (x – 6)(x + 1)
= (x + 1)(2y2 + x – 6)

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Chapter 6 Polynomials (1) (2013 A1)

1. x2  (2y)2 = (x + 2y)(x  2y)

2. x2  9y2
= x2  (3y)2
= (x + 3y)(x  3y)

3. 49x2 – 81y2
= (7x)2 – (9y)2
= (7x + 9y)(7x – 9y)

4. (x + 2y)(x  2y) + 2(x  2y)

= (x  2y)(x + 2y + 2)

5. (x + 4y)(x  4y) + 2x – 8y
= (x + 4y)(x  4y) + 2(x  4y)
= (x  4y)(x + 4y + 2)

6. (a) 9x2  25y2

= (3x)2  (5y)2
= (3x + 5y)(3x  5y)
(b) 9x2  25y2 + 6x – 10y
= (3x + 5y)(3x  5y) + 2(3x  5y)
= (3x  5y) (3x + 5y + 2)

7. (a) 4x2  81y2

= (2x)2  (9y)2
= (2x + 9y)(2x  9y)
(b) 4x2  81y2 + 10x – 45y
= (2x + 9y)(2x  9y) + 5(2x  9y)
= (2x  9y) (2x + 9y + 5)

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Chapter 7 Mensuration (2016 A2)

3 6. Let r cm be the radius of the cone.

16π cm3 6
1. =  1 2
Volume of larger cone  9  πr (12) = 100π
3 3
3 r =5
Volume of larger cone = 16π    cm3
2 The curved surface area
27
= 16π  cm3 = π(5) 5 2 + 12 2 cm2
8
= 54π cm3 = 65π cm2

3
7. (a) Let V cm3 be the final volume of milk in the vessel.
Volume of small cone  height of small cone 
2. =  
Volume of original cone  height of original cone 
3
V − 456π  16 
= 
V −k 6
3 V  24 
=  V − 456π 8
V 9 =
V −k 8 V 27
= 27V − 12 312π = 8V
V 27 V = 648π
27V − 27k = 8V
27k ∴ The final volume of milk in the vessel is 648π cm3.
V=
19
(b) Let r cm be the final radius of the surface of milk in
the vessel.

3. Let V cm3 be the final volume of water in the vessel. 1 2

πr (24) = 648π
3
r =9
3
V − 182 π  15 
= 
V  18  The final area of the wet curved surface of the vessel
3
V − 182 π  5  = π(9) 9 2 + 24 2 cm2
= 
V 6 = 9 π 657 cm2
125
=  724.73 cm2
216
216V − 39 312 π = 125V  700 cm2
91V = 39 312 π Thus, the claim is agreed.
V = 432π
∴ The final volume of water in the vessel is 432π cm3.

4. Let r cm be the radius of the cone.

1 2
πr (9) = 48π
3
r 2 = 16
r=4
∴ The radius of the cone is 4 cm.

5. Slant height = 8 + 15 cm
2 2

= 17 cm

The curved surface area

= π(8)(17) cm2
= 136π cm2

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Chapter 7 Mensuration (2015 A1)

162 7. (a) Let the radius be r cm and the angle be θ.

1. Area  π(4)2  cm2
360 
2πr   yπ
36π 360
 cm2
5 r  180 y .............. (1)

πr 2   8 yπ
360
2. Let the angle be θ. r 2  2 880 y ........... (2)

6.352 5π  π(11)2  (2)  (1): r = 16
360
∴ The radius is 16 cm.
  18.9
∴ The angle is 18.9. (b) Substitute r = 16 and θ = x into (1),
16x = 180y
x = 11.25y
135
3. Arc length  2π(9)  cm The possible values are x = 45, y = 4
360
(or any values of x and y satisfying x = 11.25y
27π
 cm and 0 < x < 360).
4
(c) The values of x and y are not unique as the equation
x = 11.25y has many solutions.
4. Let the angle be θ.

2π(3)   4π
360
  240
∴ The angle is 240.

5. Perimeter  2π(12)  72  2  12 cm

 
 360 
 (4.8π  24) cm

6. (a) Let the angle be θ.


π(12)2   61.2π
360
  153
∴ The angle is 153.
153
(b) Arc length  2π(12)  cm
360
 10.2π cm
Perimeter  (10.2π  2  12) cm
 (10.2π  24) cm

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Chapter 7 Mensuration (2014 A2)

1. VD  102  242 cm = 26 cm 5. BV = (60 – 30) cm = 30 cm

AV = (30 + 12) cm = 42 cm
BV = (24 – 9.6) cm = 14.4 cm
BE BV
BE BV VE 
  OC OV
AD AV VD
BE 30 cm
BE 14.4 cm VE 
  80 cm 60 cm
10 cm 24 cm 26 cm
BE  40 cm
BE = 6 cm, VE = 15.6 cm
AD AV

OC OV
AD 42 cm
2. (a) AD = 15 cm, AV = 36 cm 
80 cm 60 cm
BE = 5 cm
AD  56 cm
VD = 152  362 cm = 39 cm
VE BE VE = 402  302 cm = 50 cm

VD AD
VD = 562  422 cm = 70 cm
VE 5 cm

39 cm 15 cm
VE  13 cm 6. Area of wet curved surface
 [ π( AD  VD)  π( BE  VE)] cm2
(b) Curved surface area of the frustum
 [ π(56  70)  π(40  50)] cm2
= [π(15)(39) –π(5)(13)] cm2
= 520π cm2  1 920π cm2

3. BV = (60 – 36) cm = 24 cm 7. VE = (65 – 39) cm = 26 cm

AV = (24 + 16) cm = 40 cm BE VE

AD AV OC VC

OC OV BE 26 cm

AD 40 cm 25 cm 65 cm

45 cm 60 cm BE  10 cm
AD  30 cm AD VD

BE BV OC VC
 AD (26  13) cm
OC OV 
BE 24 cm 25 cm 65 cm

45 cm 60 cm AD  15 cm
BE  18 cm AV  VD 2  AD 2
 (26  13) 2  152 cm
 36 cm
4. Volume of the smaller frustum
1 1 BV  VE 2  BE 2
 π( AD) 2  AV  π( BE) 2  BV
3 3  26 2  102 cm
1 1   24 cm
  π(30)  40  π(18) 2  24 cm3
2
3 3  Volume of milk
 9 408π cm3 1 1
 π( AD) 2  AV  π( BE) 2  BV
3 3
1 1 
  π(15) 2 (36)  π(10) 2 (24) cm3
3 3 
 1 900π cm3
 0.005 97 m 3  0.006 m3
Thus, the claim is agreed.
1

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Chapter 7 Mensuration (2013 A2)

1. R : r = 4 : 1
A : a = 42 : 12 = 16 : 1

2. R : r = 16 = 9 = 4 : 3
C:c=R:r=4:3

3. 10  π(2k )  9  4  π(3k )  H
2 2

360k 2  36k 2 H
360
H
36
 10

4. R = 2r
Let the height of a smaller cone be h cm.
1 1
3  πR 2  16  16  πr 2 h
3 3
1
( 2r ) 2  r 2 h
3
1
4r 2  r 2 h
3
h  12
∴ The height of a smaller cone is 12 cm.

5. Let r = 3k, R = 5k and the height of a smaller cone be h cm.

1 1
9  πR 2  12  50  πr 2 h
3 3
108(5k ) 2  50(3k ) 2 h
2 700k 2  450k 2 h
h6
∴ The height of a smaller cone is 6 cm.

6. r : R = 12 : 16 = 3 : 4
h : H = 8 : 10 = 4 : 5 ≠ 3 : 4
∴ The two cones are not similar.

7. (a) r : R = 1 : 4 = 1 : 2
(b) Let the height of a larger cylinder be h cm.
3  πR 2 h  112  πr 2  15
112  15r 2
h
3R 2
2
r
 560 
R
2
1
 560 
2
 140
∴ The height of a larger cylinder is 140 cm.
1

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Chapter 8 Rectilinear Figures (2016 A2)

1. ∵ ABC = ACB given 6. (a) In ΔPCQ and ΔPAR,

∴ AB = AC sides opp. eq. s PCQ = PAR given
∵ M is the mid-point of BC. PC = PA sides opp. eq. s
∴ BM = CM QA = RC given
∴ AM ⊥ BC property of isos. Δ QA + AC = RC + AC
i.e. QC = RA
∴ ΔPCQ  ΔPAR SAS
2. ∵ AB = AC and BM = MC
6
∴ AM ⊥ BC (b) AB = BC = cm = 3 cm
2
i.e. AMC = 90 ∵ PA = PC and AB = BC
In ΔAMC, ∴ PB ⊥ QR
AM = 20 2 − 16 2 cm i.e. PBQ = 90
= 12 cm In ΔPAB,
PB = PA2 − AB2
3. In ΔAPC and ΔAQB,
= 52 − 32 cm
APC = AQB given = 4 cm
AP = AQ sides opp. eq. s
In ΔPQB,
BP = CQ given
PQ = PB 2 + QB 2
BP + PQ = CQ + QP
= 4 2 + (4 + 3) 2 cm
i.e. BQ = CP = 8.06 cm, cor. to 3 sig. fig.
∴ ΔAPC  ΔAQB SAS

7. (a) In ΔXYA and ΔXZB,

4. In ΔABD,
∵ XY = XZ given
AB = 7.5 − 4.5 cm
2 2
∴ XYA = XZB base s, isos. Δ
= 6 cm
AXY = XAB –XYA
In ΔABC,
= XBA – XZB given
AC = 62 + (4.5 + 3.5) 2 cm
= BXZ
= 10 cm
∴ ΔXYA  ΔXZB ASA
(b) (i) ∵ ΔXYA  ΔXZB
5. BE = DB = 4.5 cm ∴ XA = XB
2 2 2 2
CE = (4.5 + 4.5 + 3.5) cm = 156.25 cm ∵ XA = XB and AM = BM
∵ ΔABE  ΔABD (SAS) ∴ XM ⊥ AB
∴ AE = AD = 7.5 cm i.e.XMY = 90
2 2 2 2 2 2
AE + AC = (7.5 + 10 ) cm = 156.25 cm In ΔXAM,
∵ CE = AE + AC
2 2 2
AX = XM 2 + AM 2
∴ EAC = 90 (converse of Pyth. thm.) 2
 18 
= 122 +   cm
i.e. ΔEAC is a right-angled triangle. 2
= 15 cm

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Canotta Topical SUMmer Exercise HKDSE Golden 7 Steps S4 to S5 Solution

In ΔXYM,

YM = XY 2 − XM 2
= 20 2 − 12 2 cm
= 16 cm
AY = YM − AM
= (16 − 9) cm
= 7 cm

(ii) XZ = XY = 20 cm
AX 2 + XZ 2 = (152 + 20 2 ) cm2
= 625 cm2
∵ ΔXYA  ΔXZB
∴ BZ = AY = 7 cm
AZ2 = (AB + BZ)2
= (18 + 7)2 cm2
= 625 cm2
∵ AZ2 = AX2 + XZ2
∴ AXZ = 90
i.e. ΔAXZ is a right-angled triangle.

2
© Canotta Publishing Co., Ltd
Chapter 8 Rectilinear Figures (2015 A2)

1. BAE = BCF = 90 (property of square) 5. (a) AD = DC (property of square)

AB = BC (property of square) ∵ AE = BF (given)
BE = BF (given) ∴ AF = AB – BF
∴ △ABE  △CBF (RHS) = AD – AE
= ED
2. ADE = BAF (given) FAD = CDE = 90 (property of square)
AD = BA (property of square) ∴ △ADF  △DCE (SAS)
DAE = ABF = 90 (property of square)
∴ △ADE  △BAF (ASA) (b)

3.

Let ADF = DCE = a. (corr. s,  △s)

Let AFD = CED = b. (corr. s,  △s)
In △AFD, a + b + 90 = 180 ( sum of △)
Let ADE = BAF = a. (corr. s,  △s)
a + b = 90
Let DEA = AFB = b. (corr. s,  △s)
In △DEG, a + b + DGE = 180 ( sum of △)
DAE = 90 (property of square)
90 +DGE = 180
In △ADE, a + b + 90 = 180 ( sum of △)
DGE = 90
a + b = 90
∴ △DEG is a right-angled triangle.
In △AEG, AGE + a + b = 180 ( sum of △)
AGE + 90 = 180
6. (a) CD = BC (property of square)
AGE = 90
CE = BF (given)
∴ △AEG is a right-angled triangle.
CDE = BCF = 90 (property of square)
∴ △DCE  △CBF (RHS)
4.
(b)

Let DCE = CBF = a. (corr. s,  △s)

Let CED = BFC = b. (corr. s,  △s) Let DCE = CBF = a. (corr. s,  △s)
BCF = CDE = 90 (property of square) Let CED = BFC = b. (corr. s,  △s)
In △BCF, a + b + 90 = 180 ( sum of △) In △BCF, a + b + 90 = 180 ( sum of △)
a + b = 90 a + b = 90
In △CFG, CGF + a + b = 180 ( sum of △) In △CFG, CGF + a + b = 180 ( sum of △)
CGF + 90 = 180 CGF + 90 = 180
CGF = 90 CGF = 90
∴ △CFG is a right-angled triangle. ∴ △CFG is a right-angled triangle.

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Canotta Topical SUMmer Exercise HKDSE Golden 7 Steps S4 to S5 Solution

(c) CF = ED = 26 cm (corr. sides,  △s)

GC = CF 2 − GF 2 (Pyth. Thm.)

= 262 − 102 cm
= 24 cm

7. (a) AD = AB (property of square)

ADF = BAE = 90 (property of square)
AEG = AFD (given)
∴ △ADF  △BAE (AAS)

(b)

Let AEG = AFD = a. (given)

Let FAD = ABE = b. (corr. s,  △s)
In △ADE, a + b + 90 = 180 ( sum of △)
a + b = 90
In △AGE, EGA + a + b = 180 ( sum of △)
EGA + 90 = 180
EGA = 90
∴ EGA is a right angle.

(c) EGA = ADF = 90 (proved)

EAG = DAF = b (common angle)

AEG = AFD = a (given)

∴ △AEG ~ △AFD (AAA)
AE EG
(d) = (corr. sides, ~△s )
AF FD
AE  FD
AF =
EG
AE  AE
= (corr. sides,  △s )
EG
13  13
= cm
5
= 33.8 cm

2
© Canotta Publishing Co., Ltd
Chapter 8 Rectilinear Figures (2014 A1)

1. WYZ = WZX (given) ON PN OP

(b) (i)   (corr. sides, ~△s)
YWZ = XWZ (common angle) OP MP OM
WZY = 180 – WYZ –YWZ ( sum of △) 48 cm OP

= 180 –WZX –XWZ 80 cm 100 cm
= WXZ ( sum of △) 100  48
OP  cm
∴ △WZY ~△WXZ (AAA) 80
 60 cm
ON OP
2. (a) SRT = TVU (alt. s, RS // UV) 
OP 100 cm
RST = TUV (alt. s, RS // UV)
60  60
RTS = UTV (vert. opp. s) ON  cm
100
∴ △RST ~ △VUT (AAA)  36 cm
RS ST RT
(b)   (corr. sides, ~△s)
VU UT VT (ii) MN = OM – ON = (100 – 36) cm = 64 cm
RS 3 cm 4 cm MN2 + PN2 = (642 + 482) cm2 = 6 400 cm2
 
18 cm UT 12 cm MP2 = 802 = 6 400 = MN2 + PN2
18  4 ∴ PNM = 90 (converse of Pyth. Thm.)
RS = cm = 6 cm
12
∴ △PNM is a right-angled triangle.
3 12
UT = cm = 9 cm
4
7. (a) ACB = ABD (given)
3. AB2 + BC2 = (152 + 92) cm2 BAC = BAD (common angle)
= 306 cm2 ABC = 180 – ACB – BAC ( sum of △)
AC2 = 289 cm2 ≠ AB2 + BC2 = 180 – ABD – BAD
= ADB ( sum of △)
∴ △ABC is not a right-angled triangle.
∴ △ABC ~△ADB (AAA)

4. AB2 + BC2 = (402 + 92) cm2 BC AC

(b)  (corr. sides, ~△s)
DB AB
= 1 681 cm2
BC 26 cm
CA2 = 1 681 cm2 = AB2 + BC2 
12 cm 24 cm
∴ ABC = 90 (converse of Pyth. Thm.) 12  26
BC  cm
Thus, △ABC is a right-angled triangle. 24
 13 cm
In △ABC, AB2 + BC2 = (242 +132) cm2 = 745 cm2
5. AB = 52  122 cm = 13 cm AC2 = 676 cm2 ≠ AB2 + BC2
∴ △ABC is not a right-angled triangle.
CD = 202  122 cm = 16 cm
AB2 + BC2 = (132 + 202) cm2 = 569 cm2
AC2 = (5 +16)2 cm2 = 441 cm2 ≠ AB2 + BC2
∴ △ABC is not a right-angled triangle.

6. (a) OPN = OMP (given)

NOP = MOP (common angle)
ONP = 180 – OPN – NOP ( sum of △)
= 180 – OMP – MOP
= OPM ( sum of △)
∴ △ONP ~△OPM (AAA)

© Canotta Publishing Co., Ltd

Chapter 8 Rectilinear Figures (2013 A1)

PR  PT  RT
1. (a) ACB = ACD = 90 (given)
 QT  ST
AB = AD (given)
 QS
AC = AC (common side)
TPS = TQR (given)
∴ △ABC  △ADC (RHS)
PS = QR (given)
(b) BAC = DAC (corr. s,  △s)
∴△PSR  △QRS (SAS)
PS = QR (given)
2. AEB = DEC (vert. opp. s)
(given) PQ = QP (common side)
EB = EC
ABE  ABC  EBC PR = QS (proved)
 BCD  EBC (given) ∴△QPS  △PQR (SSS)
 BCD  ECB (base s, isos. △) (ii) 4 pairs (3 pairs of congruent triangles and
 DCE △PTQ ~ △STR)
∴ △AEB  △DEC (ASA) ∵△TPS  △TQR (proved in (a))
∴ ST = RT and PT = QT (corr. sides,  △s)
3. BC = CB (common side) PT QT
∴ 
ABC = DCB (given) ST RT

∵ △AEB  △DEC (proved in Q2) PTQ = STR (vert. opp. s)

∴ AB = DC (corr. sides,  △s) ∴ △PTQ ~ △STR (ratio of 2 sides, inc. )

∴ △ABC  △DCB (SAS)

7. (a) FHK = FLG (given)

4. ∵△ABC  △DCB (proved in Q3) HFK = LFG (common angle)

∴ AB = DC (corr. sides,  △s) FK = FG (given)

(corr. sides,  △s) ∴ △FHK  △FLG (AAS)

and AC = DB
AD = DA (b) HJG = LJK (vert. opp. s)
(common side)
∴ △ABD  △DCA (SSS) FHK = FLG (given)
i.e. GHJ = KLJ
GH  FH  FG
5. ∵△AEB  △DEC (proved in Q2)
 FL  FG (corr. sides,  △s)
∴ EA = ED (corr. sides,  △s)
 FL  FK (given)
EB = EC (given)
 KL
EA ED
∴  ∴ △HGJ  △LKJ (AAS)
EB EC
AED = BEC (vert. opp. s) (c) 4 pairs (△FHK  △FLG, △HGJ  △LKJ,
∴ △AED ~ △BEC (ratio of 2 sides, inc. ) △FGJ  △FKJ, △FJH  △FJL)
∵ △HGJ  △LKJ (proved in (b))
∴ GJ = KJ (corr. sides,  △s)
6. (a) PTS = QTR (vert. opp. s)
FJ = FJ (common side)
TPS = TQR (given)
FG = FK (given)
PS = QR (given)
∴ △TPS  △TQR (AAS) ∴ △FGJ  △FKJ (SSS)

(b) (i) 3 pairs (△TPS  △TQR, △PSR  △QRS, FH = FL and HJ = LJ (corr. sides,  △s)
△QPS  △PQR) ∴ △FJH  △FJL (SSS)

∵△TPS  △TQR (proved in (a))

∴ PT = QT (corr. sides,  △s)
and ST = RT (corr. sides,  △s)

© Canotta Publishing Co., Ltd

Chapter 9 Basic Coordinate Geometry (2016 A1)

1. 5. Number of folds of rotational symmetry of ΔABC = 3

6.

AOB = 120– 60 = 60

∵ OA = OB
∴ OAB = OBA
AOC = 120
180 − 60
=
2
= 60
2. ∴ ΔAOB is an equilateral triangle.
∴ Number of folds of rotational symmetry of ΔAOB = 3

7.

AOB = 150 – 60 = 90

(a) POQ = 35 + (360 – 335)
3. AOB = 130 – 70 = 60 = 60
(b) ∵ OP = OQ
4. ∴ OPQ = OQP
180 − 60
=
2
= 60
∴ ΔPOQ is an equilateral triangle.
∴ Perimeter of ΔPOQ = 3 × 11
= 33
(c) Number of folds of rotational symmetry of ΔPOQ = 3

AOB = 125 – 65 = 60

∵ OA = OB
∴ OAB = OBA
180 − 60
=
2
= 60
∴ ΔAOB is an equilateral triangle.
∴ Perimeter of ΔAOB = 3  10
= 30

© Canotta Publishing Co., Ltd

Chapter 9 Basic Coordinate Geometry (2014 A1)

1. 7. (a) P′ = (–2, –10)

Q′ = (8 – 4, –4) = (4, –4)

−2 − (−4)
(b) Slope of PQ = =1
10 − 8
−4 − (−10)
Slope of P′Q′ = =1
4 − (−2)
Slope of PQ × slope of P′Q′
= 1 1
=1
 −1
P′= (5, –3) ∴ PQ is not perpendicular to P′Q′.

2. P′ = (3, 2)

3. Q′ = (1 – 25, –5)
= (–24, –5)

7 − (−6)
4. Slope =
−4−2
13
=−
6

5. Slope of AB × slope of CD
1
= − 2
2
= −1
∴ AB is perpendicular to CD.

−3 − 1
6. Slope of AB = = −2
4−2

−2 − (−3) 1
Slope of CD = =
5−3 2

Slope of AB × slope of CD
1
= − 2
2
= −1
∴ AB is perpendicular to CD.

© Canotta Publishing Co., Ltd

Chapter 9 Basic Coordinate Geometry (2013 A1)

1. OC is the angle bisector of AOB. 7.

2. AOB  210  100

 110

3. AOC = 80 – 20 = 60

BOC = 140 – 80 = 60
∴ OC is the angle bisector of AOB.
∵ OA = OB
∴ L is the angle bisector of AOB and L  AB.
4.
Let the point of intersection be C(r, θ).
250  130
AOC   60
2
r = 20 cos 60 = 10
BOA  105  45 θ = 130 + 60 = 190
 60 ∴ The polar coordinates of the point of intersection are
r  18 cos 60
9 (10, 190).

5.

AOB  155  35

 120
∵ △AOB is isosceles and OC  AB.
∴ OC is the angle bisector of AOB.
∴ AOC = 60
θ = 35 + 60 = 95

6.

AOB = 145 – 25 = 120

L  AB
Let the point of intersection be C(r, θ).
AOC = 60
r = 30 cos 60 = 15
θ = 25 + 60 = 85
∴ The polar coordinates of the point of intersection are
(15, 85).

© Canotta Publishing Co., Ltd

Chapter 10 Probability (2015 A1)

1. Number of ways = 4 × 5 = 20

2. Number of ways = 3 × 4 = 12

3. Sum of the numbers on the balls drawn from bags P and Q

Bag Q
6 7 8 9
3 9 10 11 12
Bag P 4 10 11 12 13
5 11 12 13 14

4. The outcomes are

(3, 6), (3, 7), (3, 8), (4, 6), (4, 7), (5, 6).

6 1
5. P(sum < 12)  
12 2

6. Total number of outcomes = 3 × 4 = 12

Outcomes that the sum is greater than 10 are
(6, 5), (7, 4), (7, 5).
P(sum > 10)
3

12
1

4

7. Total number of ways = 3 × 5 = 15

Outcomes that the sum is less than 12 are
(3, 1), (3, 3), (3, 5), (3, 7),
(6, 1), (6, 3), (6, 5), (9, 1).
8
P(sum < 12) 
15

© Canotta Publishing Co., Ltd

Chapter 11 Statistics (1) (2016 A1)

1.
Length less than (cm) Cumulative frequency
13.5 2
17.5 6
21.5 14
25.5 19
29.5 22

2.
Length (cm) Frequency
19 – 22 5
23 – 26 6
27 – 30 8
31 – 34 5
35 – 38 4

3. x = 5 + 11 = 16
y = 30 + 18 = 48

4. x = 12 + 9 = 21
y = 38 – 6 = 32
z = 38 + 2 = 40

5. The number of parcels = 53 – 30 = 23

6. Number of students who solve the problem in less than

29.5 min but not less than 14.5 min = 38 – 12 = 26
Total number of students = z = 40
26
The required probability =
40
13
=
20

7. (a) x = 3 + 4 = 7
y = 33 – 6 = 27
z = 33 + 2 = 35
(b) Number of students whose expenses are less than
$39.5 but not less than $19.5 = y – x = 27 – 7 = 20
Total number of students = z = 35
20
The required probability =
35
4
=
7

© Canotta Publishing Co., Ltd

Chapter 12 Travel Graphs (2014 A2)

1. The duration  (60  40) min 7. (a) The duration = (60 + 25 – 40) min
 20 min
= 45 min
(b) Let x km be the distance from X where they meet.
x 14

2. Let x km be the distance from X where they meet. 60  30 2  60
x

18 x  10.5
80 120 ∴ They meet at a place 10.5 km from X.
x  12 14 km
Thus, they meet at a place 12 km from X. (c) Average speed of Sophie   7 km/h
2h
16 km
Average speed of David   8 km/h
2h
3. Let x min be the time taken by them to meet after
∴ David cycles faster.
3:00 p.m.
10 16

x 2  60
x  75
Thus, they meet at 4:15 p,m,

4. Sammi’s average speed

20
 km/h
2
 10 km/h

5. Betty’s average speed

16
 km/h
2
 8 km/h
Thus, Sammi travels at a higher speed.

100
6. (a) Average speed of A  km/h
2
 50 km/h

(b) Let the time be x min after 2:30 p.m.

when they first meet.
45 100

x 2  60
x  54
Thus, they meet at 3:24 p.m.

© Canotta Publishing Co., Ltd

Canotta Topical SUMmer Exercise - HKDSE Golden 7 Steps Worksheets
Paper 1 Supplement (Sketch Practice)

Chapter 1  Mensuration (2016 A2)

1. 7. (a), (b)

550 cm3

20 cm 24 cm

2.
(c)

24 cm
20 cm

3.-5.

200 cm3

16 cm
12 cm

6.

16 cm
12 cm
Canotta Topical SUMmer Exercise - HKDSE Golden 7 Steps Worksheets
Paper 1 Supplement (Sketch Practice)

Chapter 1  Mensuration (2014 A2)

1. 7. (a), (b)
30 cm

30 cm
12 cm 18 cm

18 cm 45 cm
12 cm

45 cm
2.
12 cm
(c)

45 cm
25 cm

45 cm

3.
18 cm
39 cm

39 cm

24 cm
14 cm

27 cm

27 cm
4. & 5.
18 cm

10 cm
4 cm
24 cm

6.

18 cm
Canotta Topical SUMmer Exercise - HKDSE Golden 7 Steps Worksheets
Paper 1 Supplement (Sketch Practice)

Chapter 2  Coordinates (2016 A1)

1. 7.
P Q (10, 95°)
Q M

G G P (10, 35°)

X
O
R

2.

A (9, 60°)
B (9, 140°)

X
O

3.
D (5, 110°)

C (5, 30°)

X
O

4. & 5.
F (6, 120°)
M E (6, 50°)

X
O

6.
H (4, 70°)
K (4, 130°)

X
O
Canotta Topical SUMmer Exercise - HKDSE Golden 7 Steps Worksheets
Paper 1 Supplement (Sketch Practice)

Chapter 2  Coordinates (2013 A1)

1. & 2. 7.
A (5, 80°) L A (8, 50°)

M
B (8, 170°)
X
O
X
O

B (5, 240°)

3. & 4.

O P

5. & 6.
L
D (4, 130°)
M
C (4, 30°)

X
O