APACT 2021 Metadata

13th ASIA PACIFIC CONFERENCE ON TOBACCO OR HEALTH
APACT 2021
SEPTEMBER 3-4, BANGKOK, THAILAND
ABSTRACT BOOK
TOBACCO INDUCED DISEASES | ABSTRACT BOOK
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13th APACT ABSTRACT BOOK | Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1)
Aims and Scope

Tobacco Induced Diseases encompasses all aspects of research related to the prevention and control of tobacco use at
a global level. Preventing diseases attributable to tobacco is only one aspect of the journal, whose overall scope is to
provide a forum for the publication of research articles that can contribute to reducing the burden of tobacco induced
diseases globally. To address this epidemic we believe that there must be an avenue for the publication of research/
policy activities on tobacco control initiatives that may be very important at a regional and national level. This approach
provides a very important "hands on" service to the tobacco control community at a global scale - as common problems
have common solutions. Hence, we see ourselves as "connectors" within this global community.
The journal hence encourages the submission of articles from all medical, biological and psychosocial disciplines,
ranging from medical and dental clinicians, through health professionals to basic biomedical and clinical scientists.
Full Journal Title:

Tobacco Induced Diseases
Abbreviated Title:
Tob. Induc. Dis.
ISSN (electronic):
1617-9625
Publishing model:
Open Access
Society:
The International Society for the Prevention of Tobacco Induced Diseases
Publisher:
EUEP European Publishing
Publisher Address:
Science and Technological Park of Crete, Greece
Peer Review:
Double Blind
Impact factor 2020:

2.6
Licenses:
CC-BY
Publication Frequency:
Continuous
Publication Medium:
Electronic Only
Publication website:
www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org
Disclaimer: Responsibility for the scientific content of the supplement is allocated to the Scientific Committee of the
APACT. All authors are responsible for the content of their abstracts and retain copyright of their abstract under an Open
Access, Creative Commons License (CC-BY-4.0). Each abstract is citable and identifiable through its individual Digital
Object Identifier (DOI).
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Editorial Board
Editors-in-Chief Takashi Hanioka, Department of Preventive and Public

James Elliott Scott, College of Dentistry, Rady Faculty Health Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka,
of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Japan
Canada
Wojciech Hanke, Department of Environmental
Israel Agaku, School of Health Systems and Public Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine,
Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa Lodz, Poland
Associate Editors Asgeir R. Helgason, Department of Public Health

Parimal Chowdhury, Department of Physiology and Cell Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for
Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States DaeHyun Kim, Department of Family Medicine, Keimyung
University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, South Korea
Taru H. Kinnunen, Institute for Molecular Medicine
Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Sungkyu Lee, National Tobacco Control Center, Korea
Health Promotion Institute, Seoul, South Korea
David Scott, Department of Oral Immunology and
Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Christos Lionis, Department of Social Medicine, School of
Louisville, Louisville, United States Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
Xing Li Wang, Texas Heart Institute, Baylor College of Maria Jose Lopez, Evaluation and Intervention Methods
Medicine, Houston, United States Service, Public Health Agency of Barcelona, Barcelona,
Spain
Athanasios Zavras, Department of Pediatric Dentistry,
Boston University, Boston, United States Karl E. Lund, Department Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs,
Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research, Oslo,
Editorial Board Norway
Olalekan Ayo-Yusuf, Africa Centre for Tobacco Industry
Monitoring and Policy Research, Sefako Makgatho Health Toshitaka Nakahara, Department of Public Health and
Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa International Health, Kyoto University School of Medicine,
Kyoto, Japan
Sophia S. Chan, School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of
Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Rima Nakkash, Department of Health Promotion and
Community Health, American University of Beirut, Beirut,
Gregory Connolly, Northeastern University, Boston, Lebanon
United States
Satomi Odani, Medical School, University of Crete,
Elif Dagli, Turkish Thoracic Society, Ankara, Turkey Heraklion, Greece
Filippos Filippidis, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Evridiki Patelarou, Department of Nursing, Hellenic
Health, Imperial College London, London, United Mediterranean University, Heraklion, Greece
Kingdom
Kinga Polanska, Department of Environmental
Geoffrey Fong, Department of Psychology, University of Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine,
Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada Lodz, Poland
Erika S. Froelicher, School of Nursing, University of Lars Ramstrom, Institute for Tobacco Studies, Stockholm,
California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States Sweden
Silvano Gallus, Department of Environmental Health Hana Ross, School of Economics, University of Cape
Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Kazunari Satomura, Department of Public Health, Kyoto
Wayne Gao, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
University, Taipei, Taiwan
Steve Sussman, Institute for Health Promotion and
Charis Girvalaki, European Cancer Patient Coalition, Disease Prevention, Keck School of Medicine, University
Brussels, Belgium of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
Stan Glantz, Center for Tobacco Control Research Tai Hing Lam, School of Public Health, University of Hong
and Education, Department of Medicine, University of Kong, Hong Kong
California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
Witold Zatonski, Health Promotion Foundation, Warsaw,
Giuseppe Gorini, Oncologic Network, Prevention and Poland
Research Institute (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
Development Editor
Prakash C. Gupta, Healis - Sekhsaria Institute of Public Constantine Vardavas, Department of Morphology, School
Health, Navi Mumbai, India of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
STRENGTHENING REGIONAL AND GLOBAL NETWORKS............................................................................. 12
Building a model of tobacco control advocacy in the e-learning program: Thailand experience...................................... 12
Assessing compliance to smoke-free legislation in Kuala Lumpur................................................................................... 12
Leveraging to get tobacco control on development agendas in the Pacific Islands........................................................... 12
Networking with rural NGOs for strengthening tobacco control programme at the grassroots level.............................. 13
Mainstreaming sustainable financing for tobacco control through public budgeting in the Philippines.......................... 13
The importance of education and health promotion of non-smoking areas on teenagers: A study at
north Surabaya area............................................................................................................................................................ 13
Social media: An effective tool for authorized officers to share actions on tobacco control law....................................... 14
How more than 1000 medical doctors writing for ban on e-cigarettes in India helped..................................................... 14
Voice of Tobacco Victims (VoTV) campaign sensitized more than 21000+ policymakers & enforcers in India
on tobacco control in 9 years............................................................................................................................................... 14
The efficacy of bottom up approach towards 100% smoke free community...................................................................... 15
Assessment and projection of burden of cancer due to tobacco in India and its states till 2025...................................... 15
Tobacco use surveillance among dentists based on WHO- MPOWER strategies.............................................................. 16
Educating health risks of tobacco use and smoking cessation technique for physical therapy students:
A great start towards tobacco endgame............................................................................................................................. 16
Why some dentist still smoke? A qualitative study............................................................................................................. 16
Engaging religious leaders and social influencers for advancing tobacco control and screening among
masses visiting Kumbh Mela............................................................................................................................................... 17
“Smoke-free Run” unites the community to publicize quitting for strength...................................................................... 17
Effects of 6 minute walk test and lung function test between smoking and stop smoking in chronic
obstruction pulmonary disease patients at Samut Songkhram......................................................................................... 17
Lesson learnt from the smoking cessation projects supported by the Physical Therapy Network for
Smoke Free Thai Society..................................................................................................................................................... 18
Testing the effectiveness of a teacher-training intervention for tobacco-free schools (TFS) in five
districts in the state of Maharashtra, India: Results from a quasi-experiental post-only study....................................... 18
Smoking cessation model among Islamic leaders in Pattani province.............................................................................. 19
Advocating university undergraduate students on implementing FCTC Article 5.3........................................................... 19
Reduce the tobacco consumption among construction workers by improving the knowledge on tobacco smoking;
A community based health promotion approach................................................................................................................ 19
Problem and prospects smoke free public place and public transport: Case of Bangladesh
Railways - train and rail stations......................................................................................................................................... 20
Comparing the use of tobacco among fishermen and non-fishermen population of Pondicherry, India.......................... 20
A survey of visitor satisfaction on the website developed by the Thai Physical Therapy Against Tobacco Network......... 20
Personal data and privacy violation as new argument for the stronger and broader rights-based
partnership in tobacco control............................................................................................................................................ 21
The 5A’s model to proactively stop smoking in the community among the Village Health Volunteers, Ubon
Ratchathani Province, Thailand........................................................................................................................................... 21
What to be done to enhance the role of healthy Nusantara team in tobacco control: Lesson from Ayau Islands............ 22
Effective monitoring for enforcement of tobacco control law: Success from Bangladesh................................................ 22
The effectiveness of implementing “change4health”, the health-risk behavior modification programs,
among primary care units in Bangkok................................................................................................................................ 22
Advocacies creates champions for tobacco control through COTPA implementation & achieving
sustainable development goal............................................................................................................................................. 23
Resisting the tobacco fatwa: Strengthening the networking with Indonesian Muslim communities................................ 23
Community sector cooperation to determine Ban Chiang World Heritage non-smoking area......................................... 24
Student opinion on the teaching of smoking cessation and non-communicable diseases to pharmacy
students in ASEAN countries.............................................................................................................................................. 24
Advocacy campaign to achieve 100% tobacco-free (government) schools in Maharashtra state in India......................... 24
Integration of tobacco control programme in the government system for effective implementation across
the state of Maharashtra..................................................................................................................................................... 25
Local government initiatives for tobacco control in Bangladesh: A case study of Savar municipality.............................. 25
Tobacco: A killer in loose among tobacco factory workers................................................................................................. 26
Tobacco Control: A leverage to attain sustainable development goals in the Philippines................................................. 26
Green tobacco sickness: An understudied disease among tobacco harvesters................................................................ 26
Community based interventions to stop or reduce selling of cigarettes and to reduce smoking in
Ipalogama Division, Sri Lanka............................................................................................................................................. 27
Progress of tobacco control activities in Sri Lanka: A study based on the global youth tobacco surveys......................... 27
Communities Against Tobacco (CAT): An important initiative in tobacco control in India.................................................. 28
Surveillance of nicotine toxicity and second handed smoke knowledge opinion and practice among Thai veterinarians.... 28
Local resource mobilization: A sustainable and effective financing for Tobacco Control in Bangladesh.......................... 28
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POLICY, INNOVATIONS & THE END GAME......................................................................................................29

Tobacco industry interference against the single stick cigarette sales ban....................................................................... 29
Vaping among Western Pacific youth: A threat to public health......................................................................................... 29
E-cigarettes: Gateway to tobacco addiction among adolescents....................................................................................... 30
Measuring nicotine in ambient air to support expansion of smoke-free public places in Kiribati.................................... 30
Packaging design analysis to support standardised packaging in ASEAN......................................................................... 30
Graphical health warning on bidi packets in Bangladesh: Current gaps and way forward............................................... 31
The political economy of tobacco control in Thailand and its impacts on tobacco farmers.............................................. 31
A survey of tobacco prices in Surabaya city, Indonesia....................................................................................................... 31
Deconstructing the tobacco tax reform debate in Indonesia utilizing discourse network analysis................................... 32
Impact of tobacco tax increase in 2016 and 2019 in retail prices in Vietnam..................................................................... 32
Ability to pay and willingness to pay for insurance from tobacco expenditure among non-members of
National Health Insurance in Indonesia, 2019.................................................................................................................... 33
Price elasticity estimates of cigarette demand in Vietnam using survey data................................................................... 33
Smoking behavior and its impact on quality of life among social assistance recipient in East Java, Indonesia............... 33
Does increase in tax decrease consumption of tobacco?................................................................................................... 34
Measuring community support for tobacco tax measures: Results from a community survey on support for
increased tobacco taxes in Vietnam.................................................................................................................................... 34
Economic loss due to diseases caused by smoking in the younger generation in Indonesia............................................ 34
The effect of legal retail price on legal cigarette demand and illicit trade in Southeast Asia........................................... 35
Effect of district health board intervention on the restricting tobacco access among youths: A four district
study in Thailand.................................................................................................................................................................. 35
Envisaging a ‘smoke-free’ world: An exploratory study of Philip Morris International’s strategic positioning in Australia...... 36
Tobacco industry targeting political giants in Sri Lanka: Presidential candidates 2019.................................................... 36
Advocacy to stop tobacco industry interference in Bangladesh......................................................................................... 36
The influence of tobacco companies, delay in overall tobacco control program............................................................... 37
Tobacco advertisement, sales, product displays, and purchase incentives around kindergartens, primary, and
secondary schools in Sri Lanka........................................................................................................................................... 37
Tobacco industry torpedoed standardized packaging plans in Malaysia............................................................................ 38
The influence factors of Thai national tobacco control policy response of the tobacco farmers....................................... 38
Heated global market trends of tobacco products.............................................................................................................. 38
Trends of e-cigarettes and tobacco use among secondary and high school students from Poland
over three years observation............................................................................................................................................... 39
Sociodemographic factors associated with use of various tobacco products among Indonesian women:
Finding from Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys 2017........................................................................................ 39
Tobacco-product use by youths and young adults in India in 2016 and 2017..................................................................... 40
Shisha smoking engagement dynamics of Chinese young adults: A constructivist grounded theory study..................... 40
Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS): Threats for youth, challenges and way forward........................................... 40
Trends and factors related smokeless tobacco use among Thai population..................................................................... 41
Positive perceptions of heated tobacco products were associated with weaker support for their regulations:
A population-based cross-sectional survey in Hong Kong................................................................................................. 41
Tobacco free government health care facilities: Compliance scenario of a capital/ metropolitan city............................. 42
Factors affecting secondhand smoke exposure avoidance behavior of nursing students................................................. 42
Policy for sustainable, safe and tobacco smoke-free environment.................................................................................... 42
Prevalence of tobacco consumption among coal mine workers in Neyveli Lignite Corporation,
Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India.................................................................................................................................. 43
Patient perception and compliance to tobacco free hospital: An exploratory innovative approach.................................. 43
Implementation matters: Assessment of Qingdao’s smoke-free legislation on hospitalizations and
mortality of cardiovascular diseases.................................................................................................................................. 44
Realization of 100% smoke-free jail facility through will and drive.................................................................................... 44
Assessing compliance to tobacco control law: A base line survey in 10 districts of Bangladesh...................................... 44
Tobacco smoke exposed home in different urban settings in capital city of Bangladesh.................................................. 45
Smoking status in a smoke-free home program, Yogyakarta city...................................................................................... 45
Tobacco control measures of psychiatric hospitals in Kyoto Prefecture before and after the
enforcement of the amended Health Promotion Act.......................................................................................................... 46
Step towards tobacco free Chattogram city........................................................................................................................ 46
Smoke-free and healthy universities in Thailand............................................................................................................... 46
Actions for a healthy environment and tobacco-free health care facilities at one upazilla in Bangladesh....................... 47
Passengers views on smoke-free provisions of Tobacco Control Law in trains and rail stations..................................... 47
“Tobacco free health care facilities”- will it be only in papers? A query of mass people................................................... 47
Community participating ‘smoke free zones’ against secondhand smoking in Sri Lanka; present and future................ 48
The lesson learnt from smoke-free restaurant model in Hoan Kiem, Vietnam................................................................. 48
Myths and realities of profitability of tobacco cultivation in Bangladesh........................................................................... 49
Effects of smoking on the performance of the IFMA youth muaythai championships, Bangkok 2018.............................. 49
Smoking increases risk of recurrent tuberculosis: A qualitative study of Bangladesh..................................................... 49
Prevalence of smokeless tobacco use and oral pre-malignant lesions among heavy load truck
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drivers and general male population in Mumbai, India...................................................................................................... 50

Comparative study of mental and physical health of female small and medium enterprise owners
in relation to smoking behavior in Japan and France......................................................................................................... 50
Knowledge and attitude towards electronic cigarettes among university student smokers in Thailand.......................... 50
Influence of graphical health warnings in process of smoking cessation among adult smokers..................................... 51
Standard packaging to ensure effective enforcement of graphical health warning on smokeless
tobacco products: Current status and gaps in Bangladesh................................................................................................ 51
Which design is most effective in preventing teenagers from smoking? A survey about cigarette
packages among teenagers................................................................................................................................................ 52
Innovative policies and practices on warning and plain packaging of tobacco products................................................... 52
ASEAN pictorial health warning best practices: Gaps and challenges.............................................................................. 52
Role of civil society action committee as a key actor for successfully implementation of bans of Tobacco Advertising,
Promotion and Sponsorship (TAPS) under tobacco control laws in the southern coastal areas of Bangladesh.............. 53
Monitoring the interferences of tobacco industry and analyzing situation of tobacco advertising, promotion
and sponsorship through implementing an online surveillance system to facilitate enforcement of tobacco
control laws in Bangladesh................................................................................................................................................. 53
Japanese tea ceremony masters should stop using smoking chest on serving tea.......................................................... 54
The youth’s awareness of regulations banning e-cigarette advertising, promotion, sponsorship and
their use in educational buildings....................................................................................................................................... 54
"Keep calm, it’s just vapour": A content analysis of vaping related tweets and associated imagery................................ 54
IAWER- A systematic approach for monitoring of tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS)
violation at the point of sales in Bangladesh...................................................................................................................... 55
Loopholes of total ban of tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship in Hong Kong............................................... 55
Combating tobacco by banning promotional campaign, continue surcharges for protecting public health..................... 56
Compliance scenario of tobacco advertisement or promotion and product display provisions at points
of sale in Chattogram city.................................................................................................................................................... 56
A new platform taps ban through child friendly cities........................................................................................................ 57
Tobacco Industry’s tactics promote cigarette advertisement at point of sale in Hanoi, Vietnam...................................... 57
Big tobacco, tiny targets in Vietnam.................................................................................................................................... 57
Tobacco industry and sponsorship in Indonesia: The use of the concept of economic exploitation for
challenging Djarum badminton audition............................................................................................................................ 58
Spotting e-cigarette and vapes in social media: A continuing problem to tobacco product advertising
and marketing control......................................................................................................................................................... 58
Factors related to violations of the tobacco control act B.E. 2560 among tobacco retailers in 4 regions, Thailand......... 59
Investigation on tobacco advertising for tobacco outlets in cities in part of China (2016, 2019)........................................ 59
Lung diseases and smoking: A systematic analysis of big data in the era of artificial intelligence.................................. 59
The multi-level factors influencing youth access to tobacco, 4 regions in Thailand.......................................................... 60
The first smoking age and smoking cessation age is risk factor in the prevalence of chronic
obstruction pulmonary disease........................................................................................................................................... 60
Self assessment report of upper elementary school students on access to their 1st cigarette at Ban
Dung District, Udon Thani Province, 2019........................................................................................................................... 60
Knowledge on oro-dental problems among smokeless tobacco users in an urban area.................................................. 61
The impact of smoking habits on health status related to non-communicable diseases in Indonesia
(secondary data analysis of IFLS 4 and 5)........................................................................................................................... 61
Socio-demographic profile of smokeless tobacco use in India.......................................................................................... 61
Licensing tobacco vendors in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India: Challenges, opportunities and the
way forward to implement the new legislation................................................................................................................... 62
Critical analysis of the tobacco control policies, challenges and opportunities for “Tobacco Endgame” in India............ 62
Enabling security forces as change agents in empowering and mobilizing local communities towards tobacco control........ 63
Comparison of tobacco use in youth between two South Asian countries for last decade:
Analysis from nationally representative GYTS survey......................................................................................................... 63
Overview of Tobacco Control Progam in Indonesia, 2018................................................................................................... 63
Factors affecting compliance intention on Tobacco Product Control Act among tobacco retailers
around school of the 5th regional health in Thailand......................................................................................................... 64
In-school tobacco control leadership programme for adolescents: A route to tobacco free generation.......................... 64
A portrait of public interest between cigarettes & e-cigarettes in Indonesia: Google Trends........................................... 65
Stopping illicit foreign cigarette business in local area of Bangladesh: ‘Sirajganj’ is a model district............................. 65
An assessment of the deterrence effects of nationwide smoking ban based on the perception of
thomasian student-smokers............................................................................................................................................... 65
Creating smoke free community ensuring smoke free home............................................................................................ 66
“Model for police enforcement of “The Cigarette And Other Tobacco Product Act” (COTPA)............................................ 66
Smokeless tobacco consumption and its consequences on oral health status among the elderly
women in selected slum areas of Dhaka city...................................................................................................................... 67
Tobacco use amongst adolescents and youth in India: Evidence from Global Adult Tobacco Survey-2 (2016-17)............ 67
IAWER technique to Implement TAPS Ban.......................................................................................................................... 67
Implementation of the tobacco control law: Ensuring 'smoke free environment' in police stations................................. 68
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Gap analysis on Thailand’s regulatory framework vis-à-vis Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
towards the policy development on more comprehensive tobacco control measures...................................................... 68
Observational study on reduction in tobacco prevalence: Role of smoke free rules implementation in Kerala............... 68
OFFERING HELP TO QUIT TOBACCO AND NICOTINE ADDICTION............................................................ 69

A qualitative exploration of Western Australian vapers process of e-cigarette initiation, continuance and cessation........... 69
Preventing cancers through mobile phones - a potential medium for delivering tobacco cessation
intervention for college students: A randomized control trail............................................................................................ 69
Proactive community outreach and active referral approaches to motivate hardcore smokers to
use smoking cessation services.......................................................................................................................................... 70
Conformity assessment of Thai Tobacco-Free Healthcare setting standards of 10 public hospitals
in Thailand and quit rate...................................................................................................................................................... 70
Effects of the social support-based smoking cessation program (Bacho model) for the successful
quitting smoking at Bacho district, Narathiwat province................................................................................................... 71
Efficacy of low frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on smoking cessation........................................ 71
The implementation of the quit-calendar for public health system under the ‘Quit for King’ project, Thailand: Phase II.......... 71
Chat-based instant messaging support with optional combined interventions for Chinese community smokers
in Hong Kong: Preliminary analysis of a sequential, multiple assignment, randomized controlled trial (SMART).......... 72
Helping smokers with non-communicable diseases quit smoking by understanding their risk perception,
behavior, and attitudes related to smoking......................................................................................................................... 72
Systematic review on outcomes of transdermal nicotine patches aiding smoking cessation among
schizophrenic patients......................................................................................................................................................... 73
The case for physical activity as an option in the smoking cessation guidelines: Short and long term
benefits beyond expectation from regular exercise............................................................................................................ 73
Serum metalloproteinase and urinary cotinine level in smokeless tobacco chewers....................................................... 73
Engaging rural mothers to identify and decide measures on most influential determinants to reduce
tobacco consumption in Sri Lanka...................................................................................................................................... 74
The analysis of mortality age between smoker and non-smoker male patients from the point of the
prevalence COPD and malignant tumor.............................................................................................................................. 74
Association of tobacco use and male infertility: An exploratory study in Delhi, India........................................................ 75
Estimation of magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate and pH of pan masala and smokeless tobacco products....... 75
9 Reasons to stop smoking: A motivation to quit analysis among smokers receiving Thailand National Quitline service....... 76
A two-year study of the effects of secondhand smoke exposure as measured by a urinary cotinine
biomarker concurrent with visual oral examination among university dental hygiene students...................................... 76
Raising awareness on economic burden and health impacts of tobacco smoking to reduce smoking
behavior among constructing site workers in Anuradhapura district, Sri Lanka.............................................................. 76
Identifying determinants and deciding measures with children to reduce the attraction towards
tobacco consumption using community based intervention.............................................................................................. 77
Association between cigarette smoking and metabolic syndrome in the Royal Thai Army Personnel............................. 77
Effects of abdominal obesity and smoking on lung function: Preliminary data................................................................. 78
Evaluation of perceptions of tobacco cessation among the individuals attending a tertiary care dental
hospital: A mixed methods design...................................................................................................................................... 78
Design and validation of a picture storybook about secondhand smoke exposure as smoking media
literacy for children............................................................................................................................................................. 78
Estimation of toxic metals in smokeless tobacco products................................................................................................ 79
Initiating a discussion, nourished by health promotion approach, with young adults, in ‘Yowunpuraya’
national exhibition, Sri Lanka about tobacco smoking....................................................................................................... 79
Selected factors relating to smoking cessation among Buddhist monks with non-communicable diseases.................. 79
An evaluation of Thailand smoking cessation service program on clinical outcomes for public policy:
Protocol for a multicenter prospective observational study............................................................................................... 80
Relationship between tobacco craving and quitting smoking using Tobacco Craving Index (TCI) in
Japanese smoking cessation therapy................................................................................................................................. 80
The performance and crisis of Taiwan Smokers’ Helpline in 2019..................................................................................... 81
Effectiveness of two methods of tobacco cessation among tuberculosis patients: Visiting directly
observed treatment short-course (DOTS) centers in Delhi, India...................................................................................... 81
Conversations, counselling and change making: The quintessential chain to curb tobacco menace............................... 82
The effect of a train-the-pharmacist program for supporting tobacco-nicotine cessation in Japan:
A quasi-experimental study................................................................................................................................................. 82
Cigarette cessation of novices done in the “buddhist scripture school” (Kusonsamakorn
Phrapariyattidhamma School) in Bangkok, Thailand......................................................................................................... 82
Effect of health literacy for smoking cessation assistance developing program on smoking
cessation assistance abilities among village health volunteers......................................................................................... 83
The Development of tobacco cessation in public health centers, Health Department, Bangkok
Metropolitan Administration................................................................................................................................................ 83
Effectiveness of 4T (Tanya, Telaah, Tolong nasehati dan Tindak lanjut) for Quit Smoking Rate in patient
with Lung Tuberculosis at Persahabatan Hospital (Preliminary study)............................................................................ 84
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Smoking cessation help for cancer patients: Pilot project “Quitting supports treatment!” in
National Institute of Oncology............................................................................................................................................. 84
Quitline - spice it up! Modern approach to quitline service, example of Poland................................................................ 84
Effect of brief advice plus foot reflexology therapy for smoking cessation in Thailand..................................................... 85
Effects of brief smoking cessation counseling at one-stop nursing service center.......................................................... 85
Characteristics of dual user smokers who called Thailand National Quitline................................................................... 85
Efficacy of a novel program (DUO) for smoking cessation among smokers in Khambon community, Buengkan province.......... 86
Pathway to quit: Strategies for smoking cessation in a resource-limited setting, lesson from Thailand......................... 86
Tobacco cessation process, systems and services to quit tobacco addiction..................................................................... 87
Is tooth stain reduction a motivating factor in nicotine replacement gum therapy among moderately
dependent cigarette smokers? An interventional study..................................................................................................... 87
Impact of tobacco cessation clinic based “brief advice” on quitting among patients of a tertiary
cardiac care hospital in Bangladesh................................................................................................................................... 87
Therapeutic based on community in organization program: TCO...................................................................................... 88
The success rate of smoking cessation in MSMC COPD clinic patients............................................................................. 88
Involving selected Sri Lankan military corps to reduce tobacco consumption within camps: An
example for application of health promotion approach...................................................................................................... 89
Trends of smoking cessation status: The implementation of the 5A’s smoking cessation model
among smokers in Pathum Health Promoting Hospital..................................................................................................... 89
Expectations and satisfaction in the use of the smartphone smoking cessation application, Thai Rai Kwan.................. 89
Brief advice combined with nicotine replacement therapy sampling and active referral (BANSAR) for smoking
expectant fathers: An interim analysis of an ongoing multicentre, pragmatic randomised controlled trial.................... 90
Score level of conformity to Thai tobacco-free healthcare setting standards in view of hospitals
and health centers in Thailand............................................................................................................................................ 90
Exploring perspectives for developing an adaptive chat-based smoking cessation intervention
among continuing smokers in Hong Kong: Community-based, qualitative study............................................................. 91
SHadow Under the Lamp (SHUL): Smoking behavior of the health professionals in Pakistan......................................... 91
The implementation of quit-calendar for public health system under the ‘Quit for King’ project, Thailand: Phase I........... 92
Correlation between number of cigarettes per day and intention to quit in smokers participate
in smoking cessation program............................................................................................................................................ 92
Combine pharmacotherapy and behavior counseling to quit a heated tobacco product: A case report........................... 92
Tobacco cessation services and medications to quit tobacco for NCD patients................................................................. 93
Smoking cessation and glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients in primary care, Bangkok, Thailand.............. 93
Comparative study of 1- year health outcome related smoking among diabetes patients in primary
care, Bangkok, Thailand...................................................................................................................................................... 93
How does smoking affect dental implants?........................................................................................................................ 94
Assessment of oral health status and nicotine dependency among different types of tobacco abusers:
A cross sectional study........................................................................................................................................................ 94
Developing a two-way short message service (2-way SMS) to quit.................................................................................... 95
Factors related to smoking cessation behavior among smokers attending Raman Hospital’s smoking cessation clinic.......... 95
The effectiveness of the 5A’s Smoking Cessation Model to the amphetamine users who smoking
in the Psychosocial Clinic at Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand 2017......................................... 95
The cardiovascular disease risk of hypertensive smokers................................................................................................. 96
Comparison of the distribution and harms of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) between
smokers and nonsmokers................................................................................................................................................... 96
Inactive smokers with prolonged sitting: Life expectancy shortened by 15 years............................................................. 96
CAMPAIGNS, MEDIA & YOUTH IN THE TRANSFORMING WORLD..............................................................97

Myanmar’s first integrated social media campaign engaging millions of people in raising awareness
on health risks of smokeless tobacco use.......................................................................................................................... 97
Results of Myanmar’s 2018 second smokeless tobacco mass media campaign “avoid betel chewing
so you don’t regret your life choices”.................................................................................................................................. 97
Japan Tobacco’s corporate social responsibility activities................................................................................................. 98
Campaign for demanding action against government funded movie for violating TC law................................................. 98
Identifying effective community-targeted messages to build support for tobacco tax measures:
Formative research to test communication messages in Vietnam.................................................................................... 98
Experience of China first voice of victim campaign............................................................................................................ 99
Tobacco legislation perception and barriers: A qualitative insight towards tobacco free schools in Delhi, India............. 99
“Fake smoking” among Chinese youth: A no-man’s-land between “smoker” and “non-smoker”?................................ 100
Involving, engaging and enabling selected group of school adolescents to take the leadership in
reducing the attraction towards tobacco usage among students..................................................................................... 100
Jakarta millennials’ perception on smoking cigarette..................................................................................................... 100
The effectiveness of university-based tobacco cessation program on tobacco consumption
behavior of university students: A systematic review and meta-analysis........................................................................ 101
Using health promotion approach for increasing knowledge on harms of tobacco smoking and
deciding actions to reduce tobacco smoking among undergraduates in Rajarata University of Sri Lanka.................... 101
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Purchase of cigarette, betel nuts and alcohol behaviors as the mediator between the effects of knowledge, attitudes,
family communication patterns and parental substance use on the early adolescents’ use of substance in Taiwan............. 102
Reach of media advertisements among youth in India and its role in preventing tobacco initiation among them......... 102
Intervention through Facebook for reducing the attractiveness of seasonal promotions of tobacco industry via
Facebook: A study conducted with university students.................................................................................................... 102
Artificial intelligence and digital technology: A handy innovation for self screening to detects oral
potentially premalignant lesions and oral cancer............................................................................................................ 103
Lungs on the run: 50 million steps towards a tobacco-free Indonesia............................................................................ 103
Myanmar Ministries take the lead in facilitating free broadcast of national mass media campaign on the
dangers of smokeless tobacco.......................................................................................................................................... 103
The effectiveness of smoking cessation website on knowledge and attitude among coronary artery
disease patients: Preliminary results............................................................................................................................... 104
Technology solutions help monitor and run youth campaign for tobacco control........................................................... 104
Digitization of monitoring process.................................................................................................................................... 105
Community driven tobacco surveillance system: Engaging communities to monitor tobacco
industry using a mobile app.............................................................................................................................................. 105
Social media campaign for increasing tobacco tax: An advocacy tool for creating awareness and policy influence...... 105
Lesson learned from NoNo Bang-Plama hospital mini-marathon (2019): An effective use of digital platform............. 106
Relationship between Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) and smoking prevention behavior:
Planned behavior theory.................................................................................................................................................... 106
Depiction of tobacco in Indian mass media: A content analysis....................................................................................... 106
Vape proponent behaviour on Twitter: A content analysis of vaping related tweets........................................................ 107
“CSR PROJECT of tobacco companies” - no doubt, it is only “a wolf in sheep’s clothing”............................................... 107
Raising awareness among youths to reduce the positive image and attractiveness towards smoking.......................... 108
Shisha No Thanks! Co-designing an intervention with young Arabic-speaking adults to raise awareness
of the harms of waterpipe smoking.................................................................................................................................. 108
A unique volunteer force spread mass awareness about health hazards of tobacco...................................................... 109
A government department contributing to a tobacco free generation through ‘pledge for life-tobacco
free youth’ campaign......................................................................................................................................................... 109
Developing leadership among youth and motivating them to work for tobacco control in Maharashtra........................ 109
Factors influencing tobacco control practice among the registered nurses who used to attend the
nursing student smoke-free Thai society club.................................................................................................................. 110
Health assembly of young leaders advocating for children's rights for tobacco free environment................................ 110
Tobacco use among adolescents and role of school in influencing this habit.................................................................. 111
Empowering university students to take actions to reduce tobacco smoking in Rajarata University of Sri Lanka......... 111
Questionnaire to give information about tobacco to support smoke-free campus.......................................................... 111
"Nico-teen free": A study on the compliance of cigarettes and other tobacco products Act (COTPA) section 6(b)......... 112
Current situation of tobacco products selling point beside the educational institution: A case study in Dhaka city...... 112
The perception of electronic cigarette use in nursing students....................................................................................... 113
A school based health promotion intervention to address the smoking behaviors of school children
in Walisinghe Harishchandra secondary school, Sri Lanka............................................................................................. 113
Using health promotion approach for reducing the attractive image on tobacco smoking among
university students in Rajarata University of Sri Lanka.................................................................................................... 113
Improving awareness among teenagers about the “harmful effects of tobacco” and industrial
strategies used to promote smoking................................................................................................................................ 114
Tailor-made programme empowers the youth to sustain pioneering role in disseminating
smoke-free messages among peers, family and the community.................................................................................... 114
Prevalence and correlates of tobacco use among Indian students and their knowledge of,
attitudes towards, and perceptions about tobacco use.................................................................................................... 114
The relationship between perception of advantages and disadvantages of electronic cigarette
use on frequency of electronic cigarette use among students at University of Indonesia............................................... 115
Making creative vital contributors over prevention........................................................................................................... 115
Empowering school students to reduce the attractiveness of tobacco use through health
promotion principles in Anuradhapura District of Sri Lanka............................................................................................ 116
Mobile application to establish tobacco-free educational institutes in the district of Puducherry,
South-India: A conceptual model...................................................................................................................................... 116
An anti-tobacco drive during local festivals in Maharashtra............................................................................................ 116
“Looking at you makes me want to try”: Cigarette ads; exposure and students’ smoking onset.................................... 117
Tobacco industries massive marketing: Target university students................................................................................. 117
Youth advocacy smoke-free state Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta.......................................................... 118
Edutainment procedure to prevent initiation smoking in teenagers................................................................................ 118
Monitoring of tobacco free schools through smart phones.............................................................................................. 118
Capacity building of teachers: A key to success of Tobacco Free School campaign........................................................ 118
Using effective health promotion interventions to reduce attractiveness for tobacco smoking
among school students in Sri Lanka................................................................................................................................. 119
Media campaign for law enforcers for sustained implementation of tobacco control laws in Delhi............................... 119
10
The impact of presence and dearth of mass media campaigns on waterpipe smoking: A case study........................... 120
Mobilizing National Service Scheme (NSS) Volunteers for Tobacco Control in India....................................................... 120
A mobile app based solution for implementing tobacco free educational institutions (ToFEI) guidelines...................... 120
Motivating youth to mobilize community to work in tobacco control in Karnataka, India................................................ 121
Achievement of tobacco free schools in India and its role in preventing tobacco initiation among adolescents............ 121
Tobacco free public transport campaign by youth leaders: Case story of BEST buses in Mumbai................................. 122
COVID-19 AND TOBACCO CONTROL............................................................................................................ 122

Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of a text messaging intervention for
smoking cessation in Vietnam........................................................................................................................................... 122
Inhabitants’ attitudes towards smoking and their perceptions of smoking cessation campaign in the communities... 122
GROUNDBREAKING & EMERGING KNOWLEDGE........................................................................................ 123

Tobacco industry’s elaborate attempts to control a global track and trace system and fundamentally undermine the
protocol to eliminate illicit trade of tobacco products...................................................................................................... 123
Tobacco use among migrant construction workers in Kancheepuram by using GATS India Survey Questionnaire....... 123
Gender-responsive approach in national smoking cessation services for Korean women smokers.............................. 123
Associations of tobacco use and consumption with rurality among patients with psychiatric disorders....................... 124
Effectiveness of a multicomponent strategy for implementing guidelines for treating tobacco use in
Vietnam commune health centers.................................................................................................................................... 124
11
2019. All public places in Kuala Lumpur are gazetted as

Strengthening Regional and Global smoke-free areas to protect non-smokers from second-
Networks hand smoke. The primary challenge for the local authority
is a compliance level to the implementation of the legal
Building a model of tobacco control advocacy in provision of Smoke-Free Legislation (SFL). Therefore,
the e-learning program: Thailand experience there is a need to measure the level of compliance among
Sunida Preechawong1, Hatai Chitanond2, Siriwan Pitayarangsarit3, the gazetted areas to strengthen the enforcement of SFL.
Ratikorn Pembridge4, Atiwong Suchato5, Ronnachai Kongsakon4
Objectives
1
Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,
2
Thailand Health Promotion Foundation, Bangkok, Thailand, This study aims to measure the level of compliance to
3
Bureau of Non-Communicable Diseases, Ministry of Public the Smoke-Free Legislation among public places in
Health, Bangkok, Thailand, 4Tobacco Control Research and Kuala Lumpur. The priority scale for implementation and
Knowledge Management Center, Bangkok, Thailand, 5Faculty enforcement strategies are also being examined.
of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Methods
[email protected] It was an observational study that utilized cross-sectional
Introduction survey among 400 public places across six categories
Thailand has implemented a number of strong policy measures namely; government buildings, hotels, restaurants,
to curb the tobacco epidemic. However, the limitation of religious places, shopping complex and walkways. The
human resources for tobacco control is still challenging. In sample numbers based on the probability proportional to
2011, Tobacco Control Research and Knowledge Management size sampling technique and data collection was carried
Center (TRC), with support from ThaiHealth, initiated the out using the convenient sampling method. The study
Smoke-free Provinces project in order to strengthen the utilised five indicators of compliances; absence of active
capacity of tobacco control human resources. smoking, evidence of "No Smoking Signage", smoking
Objectives aids, odour emanating from cigarettes and cigarette butts.
To provide an example of capacity building development Results
for tobacco control through TRC E-learning Curriculum. The average level of compliance among all the public places
Methods was 48.4% with the highest observed at restaurants (64%)
A trimester E-learning Curriculum on tobacco control was and the least in walkways (32.5%). The highest priority for
developed in 2012 and has been implemented since 2014. enforcement should be at shopping complexes followed
The curriculum has been divided into four parts: Principal by walkways since they have more than a 50% presence of
and implantation of tobacco control policies; regulations active smokers.
and measures; properties of tobacco control products; Conclusion(s)
and Achievements of tobacco control in Thailand. Teaching Findings from this study indicated the needs for the
methods included 36 e-learning modules, Facebook/email authority to impose stricter enforcement since none of
discussion, & 2.5 days of intensive lecture on selected these places has fully complied with the smoke-free
topics. In the beginning, the e-learning modules were run legislation. However, different enforcement strategies
using Thailand Cyber University’s learning management should be considered for different places according to the
system (LMS). Later, the myCourseVille LMS has been non-compliance reasons.
employed. Funding
Results This study is funded by Bloomberg Philanthropies in
During the first four years, a total of 127 participants partnership with Vital Strategies and Kuala Lumpur City
completed the TRC E-learning courses. About seventy Hall.
percent were females. The participants included public Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A2
health officers, college/university lecturers, nurses, school DOI: 10.18332/tid/140812
nurses, legal officers, etc. Since course completion, they
have actively engaged in tobacco control-related activities- Leveraging to get tobacco control on
e.g. being a Technical Advisor for Provincial Committee on
development agendas in the Pacific Islands
Tobacco Control. Ada Moadsiri1, Annabel Lyman2
Conclusion(s) 1
World Health Organization, Regional Office for Western Pacific,
Offering E-learning is essential for having knowledgeable Manila, Philippines, 2Framework Convention Alliance, Geneva,
personnel in tobacco control. The TRC E-learning course is Switzerland
an educational resource that fosters the application of the [email protected]
Guidelines for implementation of the WHO FCTC Article 12. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A1 Tobacco use is generally addressed as a health issue and
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140811 often not perceived as a development challenge. This
often results in limited inclusion of tobacco control on
Assessing compliance to smoke-free legislation national development agendas. Identifying government
in Kuala Lumpur development priorities and demonstrating ways by which
Norashidah Nor1, Haslinda Hashim1, Nor Ismail2, Siti Mokhtar1 tobacco control may advance development may result in
1
Faculty of Economics and Management, University Putra acceleration of tobacco control.
Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia, 2Department Health & Objectives
Environment, Kuala Lumpur City Hall, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia To identify methods for advancing tobacco control through
[email protected] leveraging (demonstrating synergistic benefits to)
Introduction government priorities in the Pacific.
Malaysia aims to achieve the endgame target with a Methods
smoking prevalence of less than 5% by 2045. Being the Methods Common government priorities in the Pacific
capital of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur is a smoke-free city were identified through review of publicly available national
known as “Smoke-free Kuala Lumpur” initiated on 18 May development agendas. Ways by which tobacco control
12
contributes to achieving each government priority, were Conclusion(s)

identified. Additionally, the agendas were reviewed for lead Trained NGOs have now developed resource materials and
drafting agency and civil society involvement as well as the independently conducted tobacco control activities and
mention of key words including “tobacco”, “WHO FCTC”, events in their program areas.
and “convention”. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A4
Results DOI: 10.18332/tid/140831
Frequently identified government priorities in the Pacific
which could be leveraged to accelerate tobacco control Mainstreaming sustainable financing for
include tourism, human rights, climate change and tobacco control through public budgeting in the
trade. Of the 14 Pacific national development agendas, Philippines
all had non-health sector leading the drafting process Alce Quitalig1
and involved input from civil society; only six agendas/ 1
Social Watch Philippines, Quezon, Philippines
strategies mentioned “tobacco” while only one mentioned [email protected]
“WHO FCTC”. Introduction
Conclusion(s) The Philippine government carried out major efforts to raise
Development does not need to come at the expense of tobacco control among its top priority focus areas, one of
climate or health. Tobacco control can prevent economic which is the enactment of a revenue measure mandating
loss by protecting food sources, livelihoods and preventing higher excise tax rates on tobacco products. The tobacco
disease. Demonstrating ways by which tobacco control tax law has guaranteed billions of pesos to fund the needed
may support achievement of government priorities such resources for the recently passed Universal Health Care
as tourism, human rights, climate change and trade will (UHC) law albeit with noticeable funding gap, according to
support its acceleration. Civil society and non-health the Philippine Department of Finance and the Department
sectors will play a key role in leveraging to get tobacco of Health. This is a milestone for the government and
control on development agendas in the Pacific Islands. public health advocates alike given that around 10 Filipino
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A3 deaths every hour are attributed to tobacco use alone. This
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140830 is equivalent to ₱210 billion economic costs annually. It is
important to frame the passage of the amended tobacco tax
Networking with rural NGOs for strengthening law as a health financing measure. This is also consistent
tobacco control programme at the grassroots with the whole-of-government approach which addresses
level the social determinants of health. One of the key features
Rajashree Kadam1, Kalpana Pillai1 of the UHC is the improved Health Promotion services with
1
Salaam Mumbai Foundation, Mumbai, India at least one percent earmarked funding per year under the
[email protected] national budget. With the Local Investment Plan for Health
Introduction (LIPH) as the point of national-local integration, localizing
Despite a high level of awareness among adults about the health needs and priorities with corresponding budgetary
hazards of tobacco use, the recent Global Adult Tobacco allocation is crucial so that tobacco control measures
Survey 2016-2017 showed that in Maharashtra alone, are rolled out in the communities and that public health
which is one of major tobacco producing states in the objectives are directly felt by the people.
country, 13% of adolescent students aged 13 to 15 years, Objectives
consume tobacco. Almost 4 in 10 tobacco users in India Presentation of the flow of the allocation and utilization of
start before the age of 18 years, which makes adolescence the tobacco excise tax.
a critical and susceptible phase for experimenting with Methods
and initiating tobacco-use. Salaam Mumbai Foundation In-depth desk review/research of the planning and
(SMF) aims to fulfill these very aims of raising awareness budgeting structures and processes at the national and
about and preventing tobacco use among the susceptible local levels.
group of adolescents and youth. Results
Objectives A clear picture of tobacco control financing structures and
Involving and engaging influential NGOs to conduct tobacco processes.
control in rural areas is effective and sustainable for scale Conclusion(s)
up at the grass-roots level. Mainstream sustainable financing health programs and
Methods services that contribute to the promotion of a tobacco-free
Since 2007, SMF has trained 579 NGOs in Maharashtra community and the attainment of better health outcomes
and seven national-level NGOs, on ill-effects of tobacco for all Filipinos.
use and the effective implementation of the Cigarettes and Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A5
Other Tobacco Products (COTPA) 2003. DOI: 10.18332/tid/140832
Results
By training and working with 579 NGOs in Maharashtra, The importance of education and health
SMF was able to reach around 3000000 children, youth promotion of non-smoking areas on teenagers:
and community members in the state. In the case of the A study at north Surabaya area
7 national-level NGOs, they, in turn, trained around 8000 Feri Andriani1, Wulan Meidikayanti2
stakeholders and reached out to 60000 school students. 1
Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health,
Thirty NGOs were also able to declare their workplaces Airlangga Universit, Surabaya, Indonesia, 2Department of
as tobacco-free and have trained their staff to implement Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Airlangga University,
tobacco control activities. Five NGOs have been awarded Surabaya, Indonesia
the prestigious Vyasanmukti Award by SMF, for their [email protected]
exceptional work in this area. Introduction
Cigarettes are one of the biggest causes of death in the
13
world. Near 1.7% of smokers start smoking at the age of 50% surface area of tobacco packets, -Utilize internet and
5-9 years and the highest start smoking in the age group of social media to share activities on enforcement of TC law;
15-19 years (43.35%). The prevalence of smoking increased -Online reporting system.
every day for ages 25-34 years 29% to 31.1%. The increase Results
occurred in the 15-24 years age group from 17.3% to Every day SI’s share their activities on enforcement of
18.6%. A large number of smokers in their teens make the TC law through Facebook by tagging NTCC, others SI’s
Surabaya government has an innovation to create a non- and their Facebook friends and send emails. NTCC
smoking area to reduce the effect of smoking on teenagers. update top-level officials about SI’s activities on TC law
The prevalence of non-smoking in the Ampel and Sidotopo enforcement, other SI’s, civil societies and mass people
districts is still below 60%. Therefore it is necessary to through its social networks. NTCC respond SI’s questions
strengthen the no smoking area for teenagers. or suggestions in the social media and linked each-other
Objectives whenever it is required. Enforcement activities and public
The aim was to know the knowledge of teenagers before health education on TC law has been increase across the
and after health promotions regarding non-smoking area. country through this process.
Methods Conclusion(s)
This research method uses descriptive study, before Positive competition is started among SI’s that strengthened
and after (pre and post-test) giving health promotion enforcement of TC law across the country.
(counseling and giving posters) regarding areas without Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A7
smoking. Subjects were high school class students DOI: 10.18332/tid/140846
randomly in the Sidotopo and Ampel districts with a total
of 30 participants. How more than 1000 medical doctors writing for
Results ban on e-cigarettes in India helped
The results show that before being given a health Ashima Sarin1, Pankaj Chaturvedi2, Aamir Khan1, Sanjay Seth1
promotion regarding non-smoking area, only around 1
Sambandh Health Foundation, Gurugram, India, 2Tata Memorial
30% got all the questions correctly. However, after being Hospital, Mumbai, India
given an intervention, as many as 80% of students have [email protected]
answered correctly. Introduction
Conclusion(s) Vaping industry has been promoting Electronic Nicotine
It is necessary to increase education and health promotion Delivery Systems (ENDS) or e-cigarettes as a “less
of the local health community and teachers to clarify the harmful” option and especially targeting youth. Ministry
role of the non-smoking area for the community, especially of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India had sent
teenagers. an advisory to all states in India to ban these products.
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A6 E-cigarettes were becoming popular in India and as state
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140833 governments and the central government contemplated
banning ENDS, the ENDS makers were mounting a
Social media: An effective tool for authorized counter campaign.
Objectives
officers to share actions on tobacco control law
Aminul Sujon1, Farhadur Reza1, Khairul Shiekh1, Syed Mahbubul Help the Government to ban ENDS in India.
Alam2 Methods
1
National Tobacco Control Cell, Health Services Division, Ministry A letter to the Prime Minister was written where doctors
of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2The Union were asked to be signatories. The VoTV network of 400
South East Asia Office, India doctors in 28 states in India reached out to their fellow
[email protected] doctors to support the ban on ENDS and sign the letter.
Introduction Calls to the doctors and constant messaging in the existing
Tobacco Control Rules 2015 of the 2013 amendment VoTV state WhatsApp groups were made from the team of
of Smoking and Tobacco Products Usage (Control) Act VoTV.
included number of government officials as authorized Results
officers. District/sub-district Sanitary Inspectors (DSI/SI) 1061 medical doctors in 6 days gave their assent to the
working at Civil Surgeon’s Offices and Upazila/sub-district letter against ENDS which was then sent to the Prime
health complex also included as authorized officer. One Minister and the Minister of Health & Family Welfare.
DSI in each 64 districts and around 550 Upazila SI’s are The letter was then released to the media and was widely
working in UHFPO/health-care facilities/hospitals. They covered in the news. This letter was acknowledged as
are responsible to monitor TC law in bazars (local markets) a support to the Ministry in pushing their case for an
in their working area (district/sub-district). Ordinance banning ENDS in India. ENDS were banned in
Objectives India on 18th September 2019 by an Ordinance.
Ensure visible reporting mechanism of the initiatives taken Conclusion(s)
by SI’s on enforcement of the tobacco control law. Such campaigns where doctors, who are the experts,
Methods come together to fight for such a cause yield results. As
National Tobacco Control Cell (NTCC) of the Government the adage goes, “prevention is better than cure”, this has
of Bangladesh provided in-depth trainings on TC law saved India from an epidemic.
through presentations, role plays, group works, quiz, Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A8
panel discussions, question and answers, and experience DOI: 10.18332/tid/140850
sharing. Training focuses: -Ban on smoking in public
place/transports and role of authorities of public places/ Voice of Tobacco Victims (VoTV) campaign
transports to display no-smoking signage, -Ban on tobacco
sensitized more than 21000+ policymakers &
advertisement, promotion and sponsorships, -Ban on sale
to and by minor, -Printing graphic health warnings on
enforcers in India on tobacco control in 9 years
14
Ashima Sarin1, Sanjay Seth1, Pankaj Chaturvedi2 this brand of strategy of Local Government Unit of Mlang
1
Sambandh Health Foundation, Gurugram, India, 2Tata Memorial that propels and sustains the successful implementation
Hospital, Mumbai, India of bottom up approach and allow us to show you how the
[email protected]
blood and sweat of all 37 Barangays join together to build
Introduction One Mlang that is 100% Smoke-free!
Voice of Tobacco Victims (VoTV) is a doctors-led initiative Objective
to sensitize policymakers about the dangers of extensive To uplift health empowerment through implementing
tobacco usage, tobacco industry activities, lack of stringent effective tobacco measures towards a holistic community
action against tobacco companies and the growing plight development.
of victims across India. Policymakers are aware that Methods
tobacco is harmful but they are usually not introduced to Cluster sampling using qualitative survey.
the damage it causes at the personal level. Results
Objectives 100% effective strategy using the bottom up approach
To reduce the tobacco prevalence in India. towards 100% smoke-free municipality.
Methods Conclusion(s)
This campaign used a dozen of cancer survivors in Tata The result will justify the efficacy of the bottom up approach
Memorial Hospital, Mumbai in 2009. The campaign aimed using the cluster sampling with qualitative survey and
to make Tobacco Victims (cancer survivors and their the wise bottom up approach strategy with collaborative
relatives) the public face of the anti-tobacco campaign. efforts that strengthens the health of community.
When launched in October 2011, it had 23 doctors as Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A10
volunteers from various states of India. In the last 9 years, DOI: 10.18332/tid/140858
the number of doctors has risen to 406 from 25 states
across India. These doctors are performing exemplary
Assessment and projection of burden of cancer
voluntary advocacy with highest policy makers to reduce
prevalence of tobacco in the country. due to tobacco in India and its states till 2025
Jang Prasad1, Murali Dhar2
Results 1
K.L.E. University, Belagavi, India, 2International Institute for
More than 21000 policymakers and policy enforcers Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
have been sensitized on the issue of tobacco control. [email protected]
Sensitization and advocacy led to many policy changes in Introduction
the last 9 years such as VAT increase, Gutka Ban, twin- For effective planning and optimum allocation of resources,
packet smokeless ban, loose cigarettes ban, amendment accurate assessment of burden due to tobacco and its
in JJ Act, 85% pictorial pack warnings from 40% to 85% projection is essential. There are number of reports in
on both sides, Electronic cigarette ban in India. Also, the India during last 3-4 decades, reporting tobacco related
Government Department of Education and Police have cancers (TRC). However, there is no visible study in India
started taking action against the violations of the Indian attempting to assess cancers due to tobacco (CDT).
Tobacco Control Law. Objectives
Conclusion(s) To assess CDT in India and states by sex and urban/rural
Doctors are respected individuals in society and experts and project the same till 2025.
in the harms caused by tobacco. When they work against Methods
their own profession, their credibility is very high and leads The basic inputs required were 1) tobacco prevalence, 2)
to policy change. The Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2017 relative risk of cancer due to tobacco, 3) incidence rates of
showed that since 2009 the prevalence of tobacco use fell TRCs, and, 4) population. These were obtained respectively
by an absolute 6% in India, that is, from 34.6% to 28.6%. from 1) recent five rounds of NSSO, 2) our recently
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A9 published study, 3) reports of PBCRs, and, 4) projections of
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140855 Registrar General of India. Our recently published method
was applied to assess the CDT and regression method for
The efficacy of bottom up approach towards projection.
100% smoke-free community Results
Kaloi Garcia1, Jinky Celera2, Mona Tabuada2, Enrico Aditjondro2 The overall burden of CDT in India was estimated to be
1
Vital Strategies, New York, United States, 2Department of Health, 169 thousands in 2015 and it was projected to around
Government of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines 236 thousands by 2025, an increase of nearly 39.6%. CDT
[email protected]
accounted for nearly half of TRCs. The CDT as percentage
Introduction of TRC was highest for Tripura followed by Meghalaya,
Cigarette smoking has become a global epidemic. If we Manipur, Mizoram and West Bengal. Detailed analysis
look around today, we can still see some people smoking indicated regional diversity in both CDT and TRCs.
despite the obvious health risk. This risk does not only Conclusion(s)
endanger the health of persons smoking cigarettes but Present study reports absolute burden of CDT as well as
also compromise the health of none smokers through the same as a percentage of TRC for India and its States
second hand smoke. The Local Government Units are in till 2025. This may help policy planners and administrators
the best position to support our fight against the epidemic. in prioritizing the resources and proactive decisions
Herein the Municipality of Mlang, we join our hands pertaining to anti-tobacco measures. Non-availability of
together as we endeavour to provide a 100% Smoke-free enough PBCRs to capture regional diversity may also be
Environment to the people of Mlang...in every village. And addressed by competent authorities.
extended to other linkages and stakeholders that results Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A11
to 100% Smoke-free Public and Private Hospitals, Offices DOI: 10.18332/tid/140861
and Public and Private Institutions that makes town of
Mlang totally a 100% Smoke-free Municipality. Perhaps in
15
Tobacco use surveillance among dentists based million of these deaths are the result of direct tobacco
on WHO- MPOWER strategies use, while 1.2 million are the second-hand smokers1.
Pramada Prabhakar1 Having knowledge about health risks of tobacco use is one
1
A.J. Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India important factor for people to avoid smoking and by this
[email protected] way every health professional can play a role in controlling
Introduction tobacco consumption. Raising awareness of health risks
India has the highest rates of oral cancer due to high of tobacco use and educating health professional students
prevalence of tobacco use. Literature showed that there about smoking cessation technique is essential.
is inadequate perceptions related to harmful effects of Objectives
tobacco among dentists. Hence this study aimed to assess This project aimed to educate students in physical therapy
the tobacco use surveillance among dentists based on the about health risks of tobacco use and smoking cessation
WHO-MPOWER strategies. technique.
Objectives Methods
To assess the tobacco use surveillance among dentists Sixteen universities, which had physical therapy program,
based on the WHO-MPOWER strategies. were invited to participate in the project. There were 10
Methods universities conducting workshops for their physical
A rapid need assessment survey using a cross sectional therapy students (n=791). The workshops were held in
study design was conducted among dentists working extracurricular time. After training, physical therapy
in a tertiary care hospital of Mangalore, South India. students were asked to apply the skills obtained in the
Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional workshop in clinical practice.
Ethics Committee. After obtaining informed consent the Results
questionnaires were distributed to 120 dentists. The data The results showed that 1012 smokers were identified
was collected for a period of 1 month. The questionnaire by students and received information about health risks
consisted of 19 questions based on WHO-MPOWER of tobacco use and how to quit smoking in a time period
strategies. A total of 90 questionnaires were returned as short as 6 months. This project showed that training
which was statistically analysed using SPSS version 16. healthcare professional students about health risks of
Results tobacco use and smoking cessation technique as well as
Among the 90 dentists, 95% of them were aware that asking them to apply the knowledge in practice was an
tobacco consumption is harmful for health. Cigarettes effective tobacco control.
(33.3%) were more commonly used compared to other Conclusion(s)
tobacco products. 23.3% of them have tried quitting Further studies should conducted to validate the findings
smoking in the past 12 months. 75% of them had seen of this study by assessing a success rate of smoking
the dangers of smoking in the newspapers and television. cessation in these population and duration of student
15.6% had people who smoked inside the house and 27.8% involvement in tobacco control after training.
people had people smoking in their working area. 15.6% References
led them to quit smoking after seeing the warning labels 1. Tobacco: Key facts. World Health Organization; 2021.
on cigarette packs. July 26, 2021. Accessed October 25, 2019. https://www.
Conclusion(s) who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco
The study concludes that the majority of the dentists Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A13
use smoked form of tobacco compared to smokeless DOI: 10.18332/tid/140867
forms .Hence more efforts need to be made to assess
them in becoming tobacco free role models so that they Why some dentists still smoke? A qualitative
can be supporters to promote smoke-free work places study
and environment. They can add their voice and weight to Khushbu Sharma1
tobacco control efforts like tax increase campaigns and 1
Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
involve themselves in promoting the WHO framework [email protected]
convention on tobacco control. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A12 Tobacco control is a multi-sectoral issue which needs the
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140863 active collaboration of various professions, departments
of the government, civil societies and nongovernmental
Educating health risks of tobacco use and organizations. Health professionals play a pivotal role in
smoking cessation technique for physical tobacco cessation and motivating people not to initiate or
therapy students: A great start towards tobacco withdraw the consumption of tobacco.
endgame Objectives
Ekalak Sitthipornvorakul1, Premtip Thaveeratitham2, Prawit The objective was to assess the smoking behavior of
Janwantanakul2 dentists in terms of their reasons to initiate smoking,
1
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Integrative Medicine, barriers to quit, perception as a smoker, attitudes towards
Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand, 2Department of tobacco cessation counseling, nicotine replacement
Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn therapy and tobacco control policies.
University, Bangkok, Thailand Methods
[email protected]
Smokers were recruited from the dental community
Introduction comprising of 10 in each, undergraduate and postgraduate
World Health Organization (WHO) reported more than one categories respectively. In-depth interviews and four
billion smokers around the world, and 80% of them live in focus group discussions were held. These were recorded
low- and middle-income countries. The tobacco epidemic and various themes were generated depending on the
is one of the biggest public health threats today, killing responses. Manual method was used for transcribing the
more than eight million people each year1. More than seven data, and recurrent themes were identified.
16
Results tertiary care facility.

The initiation of the habit was between 16-18 years Conclusion(s)
for all the participants. The main reasons to continue This study demonstrates that Kumbh Mela presents an
smoking were due to peer influence, and smoking was opportunity to communicate the message to millions of
perceived as a stress buster. The undergraduates were people and screen a large number of high-risk individuals
in moderate dependence and low motivation state, while from a geographically diverse area . Religious leaders and
the postgraduates in low dependence and high motivation. social influencers play a vital role in advancing key health
The knowledge regarding the ill effects, tobacco cessation priorities in India.
counseling and methods to use nicotine replacement Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A15
therapy also seemed to be inadequate. Participants also DOI: 10.18332/tid/140882
felt they did not require any professional help to quit
smoking. Enforcement of tobacco control laws in the “Smoke-free Run” unites the community to
institutions and information regarding the various laws publicize quitting for strength
was also lacking. Lawrence Chu1, Antonio Kwong1, Vienna Lai1
Conclusion(s) 1
Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health, Hong Kong SAR
Dental professionals play a significant role in identifying PRC, China
smokers, earlier than other healthcare professionals. [email protected]
Initiation of the habit from school level needs attention. The Introduction
negligible attitude towards the habit requires emphasis of In Hong Kong, daily cigarette smokers accounted for 10.0%
the hazards, at health and economical level during the in 2017. The major reason cited for current smokers who
dental course period. The personal behavior change along had never tried and did not want to give up smoking is
with tobacco cessation counseling is required to help smoking had formed a habit (69.5%). It is essential for
dentists to play as role models for the community. smokers to replace smoking by healthy habits such as
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A14 doing exercises. Running is the most popular exercise
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140870 among people in Hong Kong while a study also showed that
running helped people quit smoking and reduce tobacco
Engaging religious leaders and social consumption.
Objectives
influencers for advancing tobacco control and
To encourage smokers to quit smoking, a community-based
screening among masses visiting Kumbh Mela running race cum carnival was launched in collaboration
Kunal Oswal1, Mahendra Awhad1, Neha Gupta1
1
Tata Trusts, Mumbai, India with community and healthcare organizations to promote
[email protected] the importance of a smoke-free lifestyle.
Introduction Methods
Kumbh Mela (festival of a sacred pitcher) is anchored in Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health (COSH)
Hindu mythology. It is the largest public gathering and launched the “Smoke-free Run cum Carnival” and
collective act of faith, anywhere in the world. The Mela corresponding media placement in 2019. Training
draws tens of millions of pilgrims over approximately 48 workshops were organized with successful quitters
days to bathe at the sacred confluence of Ganga, Yamuna, sharing quit tips. The race was divided into different
and Sarasvati. Government, NGOs, Ashrams, Private teams such as family, school, corporate as well as Smoke-
Doctors, Private Hospitals and charitable trusts have their free Buddy Team to motivate non-smokers to support
medical camps and hospitals in the Mela area to provide smokers to beat the tobacco addiction. A carnival with
healthcare facilities and engage in health promotion game and information booths was held to enhance the
activity. public awareness on tobacco control.
Objectives Results
The primary objective was to utilize the setting to integrate The event was supported by over 40 community and
tobacco control messages through religious leaders and smoking cessation service organizations. Nearly 1600
social influences. Another objective was to utilize the runners and citizens joined the “Smoke-free Run cum
gathering for screening of oral cancer in high risk groups. Carnival”. A series of promotion videos were widely
Methods spread in online platforms with smoke-free message
It was decided to collaborate with major akhadas engage disseminated to nearly 86000 members of public.
them in awareness & prevention program. Religious Conclusion(s)
leaders in akhadas were sensitized to communicate the The result indicated that a community-based sports event
message for adopting a healthy lifestyle and restraining is crucial in uniting the community to publicize the benefits
from any habits in their discourse and undertake of developing healthy habits and quitting smoking for
screening. A 2 minutes pledge was played at each akhada strength.
and painting on the roads to spread awareness. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A16
64 LED displays carried the message of tobacco control,
oral cancer and prevention strategy. Main religious leaders Effects of 6 minute walk test and lung function
encouraged their followers to restrain from any habit and test between smoking and stop smoking in
adopt a healthy lifestyle . These messages would easily chronic obstruction pulmonary disease patients
reach to millions during the Mela. 10 temporary screening at Samut Songkhram
clinics, screened the high risk group for oral cancer, Mukda Saetia1, Kanokwan Puangprachang1, Pimpaga Semanu1,
diabetes and hypertension. About 10000 people were Siriphattra Siaosirithaworn1
screened and a significant proportion (50%) were found 1
Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Medicine,
to have a premalignant lesion. They were referred to the Somdej Phra Phutthlertla Hospital, Samut Songkhram Thailand
[email protected]
17
Introduction Results
Somdej Phra Phutthlertla Hospital reported from 1 The results found that the successful factors were as
October 2017 to 31 August 2018 had 675 OPD-COPD follows: 1) Physical therapists working as a regional
patients and 2585 treatment, 204 IPD-COPD patients team to develop smoking cessation service systems
and 436 treatment, 39 COPD death=7.59%. Prevent and together and to consistently follow up the measures. 2)
promote COPD patients to stop smoking is necessary and Strengthening and empowering the community network
good fitness. such as village health volunteers and smokers’ family
Objectives members. 3) Taking health crisis such as cerebrovascular
Prevent and promote physical program to COPD patients. disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to
Test 6 minute walk test and lung function test to COPD persuade smokers to quit smoking. 4) Utilizing Line group
patients. Comparative 6 minute walk test and lung function for efficient communication within the network. The main
test between smoking and stop smoking in COPD patients. barriers were lack of time due to high workload, and lack
Send smoking COPD patients to stop smoking clinic. of smoker database that can be used for referral and
Methods follow-up by multi-disciplinary team.
This was a group selective trial. The sixty COPD patients Conclusion(s)
in Samut Songkhram Hospital clinic were recruited and Smoking cessation projects developed by regional physical
randomly assigned in two groups; Experimental group: 30 therapy team are more efficient than those developed
smoking COPD patients - 5 female aged 67.4±7.57, 25 male by individual. The smoker database systems should be
aged 62.58±10.30. BMI=22.98±10.87; and control group: 30 developed to serve the utilization of multi-disciplinary
stop smoking in COPD patients - 5 female aged 67.6±12.34, team.
27 male aged 63.77±11.06, BMI=21.428±4.1. Both groups Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A18
were tested with 6 minute walk test and lung function test DOI: 10.18332/tid/140887
then compared the two groups and instructed physical
program to the COPD patients. Testing the effectiveness of a teacher-training
Results intervention for tobacco-free schools (TFS) in
Experiment groups were divided female and male. The 6 five districts in the state of Maharashtra, India:
minute walk test in smoking COPD patients was 305.23
Results from a quasi-experiental post-only
± 58.36 m. lung function test: FEV1= 1.44 ± 0.56, FVC
2.19±0.89, FEV1/ FVC=66.3±12.73%. Control group- stop
study
Rajashree Kadam1, Deepak Patil1, Nilesh Chatterjee1
smoking: 6 minute walk test=368.87 ± 53.49 m, lung 1
Salaam Mumbai Foundation, Mumbai, India
function test-FEV1=1.57 ± 0.77 , FVC 2.25±0.77 FEV1/ [email protected]
FVC=69.0±13.18%. Significant of condition (p=0.00) in 6 Introduction
minute walk test. Nearly 267 million adults in India use tobacco; prevalence
Conclusion(s) of tobacco-use is 35% in rural areas and 15% among
The 6 minute walk test of stop smoking COPD patients > adolescents 13 to 15 years. Creating a tobacco-free
smoking COPD patients is significantly. Lung function test environment vis-à-vis tobacco-free schools is critical for
between stop smoking COPD patients > smoking COPD preventing tobacco-use among the youth, who constitute
patients is not statistically significant. And the smoking 20% of India’s population.
COPD can stop smoking 10/30, (33.33%). Objectives
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A17 This study tested the effectiveness of a tobacco-free
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140886 schools intervention in Maharashtra state.
Methods
Lesson learnt from the smoking cessation A quasi-experimental post-only study was conducted
projects supported by the Physical Therapy in five districts in Maharashtra. In three intervention
Network for Smoke-free Thai Society districts, one designated teacher from each of 9797
Panada Taechasubamorn1 government schools, received a day-long training
1
Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, intervention each year for five years; discussing the
Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand harms of tobacco-use and how to implement eleven TFS
[email protected] criteria mandated by national guidelines. In two similar
Introduction comparison districts, no such intervention was offered.
The Physical Therapy Network for Smoke-free Thai Society At the end of five years, trained observers verified
has a role in supporting physical therapists to develop adherence to the 11 TFS criteria by visiting randomly
smoking-cessation projects in 12 regional health services selected schools in five districts, including 212 schools
in Thailand. These projects provided smoking-cessation in three intervention districts and 86 schools in two
services in population level approach to allow easy access. comparison districts. A chi-square test checked for
During 2016-2018, 36 projects had been supported; differences in the proportion of TFS.
however, the lesson learnt from implementing these Results
projects had not yet been formulated. In the intervention districts, 39.2% (83) of schools fulfilled
Objectives all 11 TFS criteria, 31.1% (66) achieved 7 to 10 criteria,
This qualitative study aimed to draw lesson learnt from the and 29.7% (63) schools completed 6 or less criteria. This
smoking-cessation project managers’ experiences. was significantly (p<.001) higher than the comparison
Methods districts, where no school fulfilled all 11 criteria, 15.1%
Five project managers were asked to answer two open (13) achieved 7-10 criteria, and 84.9% (73) met 6 or less
ended questions including “What were the successful criteria. Individual criteria difficult to fulfill were: having
factors?”, and “What were the barriers?”. Data was a copy of the law, connecting with nodal tobacco control
analyzed by content analysis. The finding was validated by officers, and recognizing efforts for tobacco prevention.
the 12 regional network coordinators.
18
Conclusion(s) industry tactics among the youngsters.

The teacher-training intervention helped achieve 100% Objectives
TFS in two out of five schools; another one in three schools Establishment of network with university undergraduates
fulfilled 7-10 TFS criteria. The proportion of 100% TFS can to combat tobacco industry interferences in public health
be increased and achieved in lesser duration by addressing in Sri Lanka.
barriers, which need to be examined in further research. Methods
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A19 Centre for Combating Tobacco (CCT) organized a series of
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140888 advocacy sessions on Tobacco Industry Impact on Public
Health and Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
Smoking cessation model among Islamic (FCTC) Article 5.3 targeting the university undergraduates
leaders in Pattani province in Sri Lanka. The first session was held on June 23rd, 2019.
Ruthaychonnee Sittichai1, Siriporn Jindarat2, Tuannurma Hama3, It was organized by a group of undergraduates currently
Keerati Molor4 working as volunteers with CCT to empower their peers
1
Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand, 2Nong Chik in state university science stream faculties of the Western
Hospital, Pattani, Thailand, 3Pattani Provincial Health Office, Province. In this session Industry’s impact on substance
Pattani, Thailand, 4Mayo Hospital, Pattani, Thailand use and public health and direct and indirect promotion
[email protected]
strategies, Tobacco industry interference in Sri Lanka, FCTC
Introduction
Article 5.3 and current activities by CCT to monitor tobacco
High rates of smoking in religious leaders regarded
industry interference on public health and implementation of
as a challenge in the campaign and control tobacco
FCTC Article 5.3 in Sri Lanka were discussed. Networking and
consumption. They are the role model for society and
establishment of action committees to support CCT activities
society that people respect and obey them. Religious
with university undergraduate students were discussed.
principles and cultural characteristics are one of the
Results
key factors in creating a health promotion structure. by
Opportunities for best practice strategies for tobacco
using religion as the driving force in controlling tobacco
interference control were identified. Policy adherence and
consumption especially creating a turning point that
enforcement was improved to raising the awareness with
began among religious leaders that are the prototype of
students.
the Muslim society.
Conclusion(s)
Objectives
A majority of students supported the advocacy programme.
This qualitative research aimed to investigate smoking
A Network with university students was formed to combat
cessation among Islamic leaders in Pattani Province.
the tobacco industry interference.
Methods
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A21
Purposive sampling was used to select a sample of 19
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140895
religious leaders from mosques. Data was collected using
a questionnaire administered during semi-structured
in-depth interviews and the data were analyzed using
Reduce the tobacco consumption among
qualitative content analysis. construction workers by improving the
Results knowledge on tobacco smoking: A community
It was found that the religious leaders give up smoking based health promotion approach
by adjusting their mind-set and derived support from, for Salika Ruwanmali-Karunarathne1, Sansfica Young2, Galmangoda
instance, nurses and their family. They read and listened Duminda-Guruge1
1
Department of Health Promotion, Rajarata University of Sri
to the Koran and religious texts repeatedly. Moreover, they
Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka, 2Department of Environmental
applied the words of the Koran to their health problems. Technology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
Furthermore, their fear of smoking-related disease [email protected]
helped them to modify their behavior and to completely Introduction
give up smoking. They also sought help by consulting Construction workers are more likely to smoke than
nurses, and learned the skills necessary to resist tobacco, the general people and have been found that they had a
as well as exercising and using herbal remedies to assist highest pooled prevalence of smoking. Community based
the smoking cessation process. health promotion approach was applied to reduce the
Conclusion(s) consumption of tobacco by improving the knowledge on
The key reasons for them to success quit smoking were tobacco smoking.
health problem and religion practice. Objectives
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A20 The aim of this study was to reduce tobacco smoking
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140892 among construction workers by giving them the proper
knowledge on tobacco smoking through a community
Advocating university undergraduate students based health promotion approach.
on implementing FCTC Article 5.3 Methods
Sivayini Kandeepan1, K. Manuja Perera1,2, Hiruni Wijesuriya1, The study sample consists of 48 construction workers
Chinthika Perera1, Mahesh Rajasuriya1,2 and pretesting and post-testing method was applied. The
1
Centre for Combating Tobacco, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2Department study carried out for three months. Discussions, posters,
of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya,
presentations and success stories were used to improve
Colombo, Sri Lanka
[email protected] workers' knowledge on tobacco smoking. Construction
Introduction workers were made aware about chemicals, possible
Tobacco industry uses aggressive strategies to use to harms, chemical effects, tobacco industry strategies and
make people want to buy their products, especially youths. social problems regarding tobacco smoking.
Therefore It is needed to enhance the knowledge about Results
Out of the workers 87.5%, 79.2%, 60.4% and 10.4% of
19
workers have been “ever consumed” betel, cigarettes, stations, concerned government agency (such as National
bidi and smokeless tobacco respectively. Before the Tobacco Control Cell, Health Services Division, Ministry
intervention majority of workers were daily consumers of Health and Family Welfare) should collaborate with
which is 34.2%. After the intervention only 17.8% of workers Bangladesh Railways to include tobacco control law in the
were daily consuming cigarettes. Majority of workers training manual and stop selling of tobacco products in
used 4 cigarette buds per day which is 11.0%. After the train and stations.
intervention 17.8% of workers consume 1 cigarette bud per Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A23
day. Before the intervention there were 2.7% of workers DOI: 10.18332/tid/140903
who consumed 10 cigarette buds per day but after the
intervention highest number of cigarette buds consumed Comparing the use of tobacco among fishermen
per day was six buds per day which is 1.4%. Before the and non-fishermen population of Pondicherry,
intervention majority wanted to reduce the smoking which India
is 24.7% and after the intervention majority wanted to quit Μurugappan Senthil1, Shivashankar Kengadaran1, Divvi Anusha1,
smoking which is 34.2%. After the intervention, 8.2% of Sivabalakumaran Kengadaran2, Kavitha Muthukrishnan1
the workers responded to reduce the usage and 4.1% has 1
Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth
completely stopped smoking. University, Nellikuzhi, India, 2Chengalpattu Government Medical
Conclusion(s) College, Chengalpattu, India
A community based health promotion approach by [email protected]
providing proper knowledge on tobacco smoking can be Introduction
applied to reduce tobacco smoking among construction A variety of tobacco habits are prevalent in India which
workers. differ from region to region. However use of both
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A22 smokeless and smoking tobacco prevalence was found
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140902 to be considerably higher among the rural population and
certain marginalized groups like the fishermen community.
A fisherman, usually belongs to lower socioeconomic
Problem and prospects smoke-free public
status, captures fish and other animals from water, or
place and public transport: Case of Bangladesh sells fish for their livelihood. They have prolonged hours
Railways - train and rail stations of continuous work, which are found to be correlated with
Sazia Binte Saleh1, Aminul Islam Sujon2
high cigarette and alcohol consumption.
1
Madar Baksh-Saleh Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2National
Tobacco Control Cell, Health Services Division, Ministry of Health Objectives
and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh To compare the tobacco use and knowledge regarding
[email protected] ill effects of tobacco use among fishermen and non-
Introduction fishermen population.
Train is most common, cost-effective, comfortable and Methods
environment-friendly public transport that carry more A cross-sectional study was conducted among 315
than 70 million annual trips. GATS 2017 found that 44% fishermen residing at Veerampattinam, Pondicherry. After
adults (15+ years) were exposed to tobacco smoke in obtaining ethical approval, the subjects were selected
public transports in Bangladesh. The Railway Act 1890 using multistage cluster random sampling. Data regarding
banned smoking in the train and rail staff are responsible tobacco use and oral lesions were collected by 3 trained
to ensure enforcement of this law. Smoking is banned and calibrated examiners using interview method and ADA
in various public places (such as rail station) and public type 3 examinations. Data was entered in Microsoft excel
transports (such as train) by the Smoking and Tobacco spread sheet and analyzed using SPSS software version
Products Uses (Control) Act. This law included first class 21.
officers of Bangladesh Railway as authorized officers. Results
Rail authority is also responsible to display no-smoking Among the fishermen, 64 (78%) had not used any form
signage in the train and stations. of tobacco and 18 (22%) had used some form of tobacco.
Objectives Among the non-fishermen 215 (92%) had not used any
Identify gaps and challenges of the enforcement of railways form of tobacco and 18 (8%) used some form of tobacco.
act and tobacco control law that banned smoking in train Among tobacco users 8 (2.5%) had Leukoplakia, 7 (2.2%)
and stations had lichen planus and 2 (0.6%) had ulcerations. 11.4% of
Methods the study subjects were smokers and 9% were smokeless
15 key informant interviews were taken among railway tobacco users. Only 50% of the study subjects believe
staff from top-level management to filed level staff. 2 top exposure to second hand smoke causes serious illness to
level officials from Ministry of Rail was also interviewed non-smokers.
those who have magistracy power and operate mobile Conclusion(s)
courts against law violation on spot. Findings of the present study suggest that fishermen had
Results increased tobacco use than non-fishermen residing in
First class officers of Railway are not aware about their the same community. Also fishermen had relatively poor
roles for the tobacco control law. None of them are knowledge on the ill effects of tobacco.
informed about this law from top-level management and Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A24
this law is not included in their training manual. Top-level DOI: 10.18332/tid/140907
management is also not much informed about this law.
They try to keep smoke-free train and stations as it is A survey of visitor satisfaction on the website
included in the Railways Act. Selling tobacco products in developed by the Thai Physical Therapy Against
station and train is banned by rail guideline itself. Tobacco Network
Conclusion(s) Tadsawiya Padkao1
To ensure smoke-free environment in the train and 1
Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Innovation Research Unit,
20
Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Burapha University, Saen personal data and privacy against tobacco control dynamic.
Suk, Thailand Methods
[email protected] This qualitative study uses rights-based approach to
Introduction assess the reported move by Philip Morris before the
The Thai Physical Therapy Against Tobacco Network has dynamic of multistakeholders partnership in the field
been established since 2005. The objective of the network of tobacco control. Rights-based approach emphasizes
is to enhance Thai physical therapists’ knowledge, the vulnerable groups’ access, participation, control, and
awareness, and participation in campaigns against received benefit. In the analysis, this scope of human
smoking and to sustainably improve Thai people’s health. rights is applied in combination with the models of
For fifteen years, the network's members have executed respect-protection-fulfillment of vulnerable group rights:
many activities against tobacco use. However, due to the affirmative action, specific allocation, and mainstreaming.
lack of a system to assemble the network’s activities, its The public policy advocacy framework and the Sustainable
website was only developed in September 2014 with a URL Development Goals are added as analysis tool.
address: http://www.ptnosmoke.com/, and broadcasted Results
in January 2015. Contents of the website include "Project This study found tobacco industry move related
plan", "News", "Research papers", "Clinical practice with personal data and privacy destroys the access,
guideline", "Download kits", and other. participation, control, and benefit aspects regarding
Objectives the personal data and privacy. In term of public policy
To survey visitor satisfaction of the website developed by advocacy, the move demonstrates the worst impact toward
Thai Physical Therapy Against Tobacco Network and its the layer of public policy culture. The move contributes to
visitor numbers during 2015-2019. the potential failure in achieving the SDG whereas the
Methods vulnerable groups will suffered the most.
This survey was carried out during January 2015 to Conclusion(s)
September 2019. Data of visitor satisfaction was collected The entire situation calls the broader and stronger
using "Satisfaction poll” which has a total of 5 scores. partnership within tobacco control which reaches privacy
The satisfactory scoring ranged from least satisfaction and personal data protection stakeholders.
to greatest satisfaction. The least satisfaction equated to Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A26
1, while the greatest satisfaction equated to 5. Number of DOI: 10.18332/tid/140915
visitors was also collected using an online counter system
created by the website's host. The Friedman test, followed The 5As model to proactively stop smoking
by Wilcoxon Sign Rank test, was used to analyze data.
in the community among the Village Health
Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Results Volunteers, Ubon Ratchathani Province,
Visitor satisfaction scores significantly increased every Thailand
Wantanee Thongnun1, Alisa Suphan2, Samran Phulthong3, Sooti
year. Mean scores of 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019 were
Patchapap1, Chalom Sithibut1, Maneewan Moolmee1
3.98, 4.88, 4.89, and 4.90, respectively (p<0.05). Number of 1
Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand, 2Ubon
visitors in those years also significantly increased (44811, Ratchathani Provincial Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand,
165693, 275755, and 291350 visitors, respectively) (p<0.05). 3
Pathum Health Promoting Hospital, Pathum Thani, Thailand
Conclusion(s) [email protected]
This survey shows that the website developed by Thai Introduction
Physical Therapy Against Tobacco Network has increased In the year 2017, Ubon Ratchathani province had a “Non-
in satisfaction. It also has increased in popularity. Smoking Province” project which had the personnel
Furthermore, long-term survey data is still needed. training for 25 hospitals. We found that the number of
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A25 people who came for the service was little because the
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140912 smokers were from the community. Therefore, we had
training to the Village Health Volunteers (VHV) 500 people
Personal data and privacy violation as new to help smoking cessation by applying the 5As model.
argument for the stronger and broader rights- Objectives
based partnership in tobacco control 1) The VHV to have knowledge and skills to help smoking
Valentina Sri Wijiyati1 cessation. 2) The VHV to be able to advise and help smokers
1
Jogja Sehat Tanpa Tembakau, Yogyakarta, Indonesia in community. 3) To build a network of smoking cessation
[email protected] in community.
Tobacco industry is well known for its destructive effects 1) Meeting those who are in charge of smoking cessation
on human rights. The current trend shows the new wave projects from 25 districts. 2) Training of VHV for the 5As.
of tobacco industry’s destructive effect which forms in the Topic of training - situation/dangers of smoking, why do
shape of e-cig. Several governments took the necessary we need to smoking cessation in community?, the 5As
steps to regulate e-cig while many others slow in protecting smoking cessation for VHV, foot reflexology massage to
the people. One of the e-cig producer is Philip Morris with help quit smoking, model of sub-district health promoting
its iQOS. A report by Reuters which was released May 2018 hospital’s nonsmoking. Tools: Pre-Post Test forms, the
mentioned that “…the iQOS holds another, less obvious following up forms. 3) Follow up and evaluation. The
advantage over regular smokes: the ability to harvest analyses were as percentage, mean and content analysis
personal data about users’ smoking habits. …” The report in described.
reveals the new destroyed area by tobacco industry: Results
personal data and privacy. 1) The VHV gain more knowledge about the dangers and
Objectives how to help quit smoking (pre-test 65% post-test 85%). 2)
This study aims to assess the tobacco industry move on The VHV gain 100% in the skills of foot reflexology massage
21
for quit smoking. 3) The results of helping to promote Effective monitoring for enforcement of tobacco
smoking cessation in the community of 25 districts was control law: Success from Bangladesh
that 9161 people volunteered to quit smoking; 1 month Aminul Islam Sujon1, Md. Khairul Alam Shiekh1, Md. Farhadur
3798 people (41.5%) and 3 months 2092 people (22.8%) Reza1, Masud Ahmed1, Syed Mahbubul Alam2
had quit. 1
National Tobacco Control Cell, Health Services Division, Ministry
Conclusion(s) of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2The Union
South East Asia Office, India
This study found that VHV gained more understanding
[email protected]
of how to help people in the community to quit smoking
Introduction
after the seminar by 25%. All acquired skills to do foot
Government amended Smoking and Tobacco Products
reflexology massage to help people quit smoking and there
Usages (Control) Act 2005 in 2013, and rules under this
was a network built of proactive smoking cessation in the
law notified in 2015. Government also formed Taskforce at
communities in Ubon Ratchathani province.
district and sub district level for enforcement of tobacco
control law in which all concerned district and sub-
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140920
district level officers from different government bodies
and NGOs are included. Administrative and health sector
What to be done to enhance the role of healthy heads are president and member-secretary of Taskforce
Nusantara team in tobacco control: Lesson from committees, respectively. District administration is also
Ayau Islands responsible for conducting mobile court to enforce various
Wasis Sumartono1, Emma Rachmawati2 laws including TC law.
1
Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University of Prof.
Objectives
Dr. Hamka, South Tangerang, Indonesia, 2Faculty of Health,
Muhammadiyah University of Prof. Dr. Hamka, Jakarta, Indonesia
This initiative aimed to strengthen monitoring mechanism
[email protected] on enforcement of tobacco control law throughout the
Introduction country and to activate district and sub-district taskforce
Prevalence of smoking among Indonesian male aged meetings.
≥15 years is 65% (Basic Health Research 2007). Healthy Methods
Nusantara Team (HNT) is a team composed of newly National Tobacco Control Cell (NTCC), national hub
graduated health professionals (medical doctor, nurse, for tobacco control under the Health Services Division,
midwife, pharmacist, etc.) working for Ministry of Health Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, is working with
(MOH) Rep. of Indonesia with the aim to improve the various ministries/divisions and departments to boost-up
health of Indonesian communities living in IPBA (Isolated, enforcement of tobacco control law. NTCC sent regular
Peripheral and Border Areas) of Indonesia. government orders to all 64 deputy commissioners and
Objectives civil surgeons, organize trainings and workshops, regularly
To explore what should be done by MOH Rep. of Indonesia communicate with concerned GO-NGO stakeholders and
to make HNTs have an important role in curbing tobacco trained authorized officers of TC law.
epidemic in IPBA of Indonesia. Results
Methods In 2019, based on the official reports from respective
We observed HNT role in smoking prevention in Ayau Island, district taskforces, total 53 districts Taskforce meetings
Raja Ampat, Papua, during September 2015-September were organized. Following the decisions of Taskforce
2017 and took lessons learnt. Knowing that the chairman meetings, 186 mobile courts were organized in 23 districts
of Ayau HNT is a smoker, the authors recommended him by which 323 violation of law were identified and total BDT
to quit smoking to become a role model in Ayau Islands. 210210 BDT (US$ 1 = 85) were collected as fine. In addition,
The authors also recommended Ayau HNT to make district administration sent reports of 340 mobile courts
smoking prevention or quit smoking campaign as one of throughout the country to ensure enforcement of TC law.
their working programs. After a year, the authors checked By which, 543 cases were filed and 564 violators were
whether they followed the authors’ recommendations or identified and total 462490 BDT fine were collected.
not. Conclusion(s)
Results Effective monitoring and regular communication, and
After one year, the authors found that Ayau HNT did not capacity building trainings with district administration and
follow the authors’ recommendation. Ayau HNT's chairman district taskforces are essential for enforcement of TC law.
did not quit smoking and his team did not campaign for quit Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A29
smoking as recommended. Ayau HNT chairman gave a DOI: 10.18332/tid/140929
reason why he did not quit smoking and why his team did
not campaign for quit smoking, i.e. because he was afraid The effectiveness of implementing
to be socially unacceptable. “change4health”, the health-risk behavior
Conclusion(s) modification programs, among primary care
In order to improve the health of Indonesian communities units in Bangkok
living in IPBA of Indonesia, MOH Rep. of Indonesia should Amporn Krobthong1, Suthat Rungruanghiranya2, Suwanee
not allow smoker applicants to fill the position of HNT Raktham1, Komgrib Pukrittayakamee1, Rattiyaporn Thongyourn1
chairman or its members and should only allow non- 1
Thai Physician Alliance Against Tobacco, Bangkok, Thailand,
smokers who have willingness to perform Smoking
2
Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok,
Thailand
Prevention Program in IPBA. MOH also should train and
[email protected]
facilitate them in smoking prevention and control.
Introduction
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the important
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140924
cause of morbidity and mortality in Thailand. To control the
diseases, medical treatment and lifestyle modifications
22
are indicated. However, the effectiveness of lifestyle Objectives

modification programs is still not clearly revealed. Creating awareness & Advocacy to Implement COTPA ACT
Objectives 2003 by Police Dept. & Education Dept. to make Public
To study the effectiveness of health-risk behavior places and school campuses tobacco free in Maharashtra.
modification programs, called “Change4Health” on health Methods
outcomes. Necessary orders released by the Police Department in
Methods Feb 2018; Awareness about COTPA Act and implementing it
Health-risk behavior modification programs, called will help reduce tobacco burden. Training and sensitization
“Change4Health”, was developed to change unhealthy program for the District Police Officers. Training and
habits, using mnemonic, including A-Avoid alcohol, advocacy for Police Academy's & Police Training Centre’s.
B-Body movement, C-Cessation, D-Diet. Each behavior Regular & sustainable Challans/fine at the prominent
carries simplified techniques to make them easy to places including around schools and public places in the
follow. Workshops were held and materials were given to districts by Police.
participants. A total of 1815 participants from 20 primary Results
care units in Bangkok were recruited. Modification of health Numbers of Police Stations activated for taking actions
risk behaviors were followed up at 1 and 3 months at the were 315/408. Total of 3238 Police Officers were trained till
pilot phase. In addition, other outcomes including body July 2019. No. of Challans in activated districts: 21785 till
weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, Dextrostix July 2019. Print Media Story released on training & Challan
and LDL level were recorded. action 282 till August 2019.
Results Conclusion(s)
After participating in the “Change4Health”programs, 45%, Strategic advocacy & sensitization program to the police
47.8%, 11.8% and 15.8 % of participants can stop smoking, officers for enforcing the COTPA Law will reduce the
changed their eating behavior, doing more exercise and prevalence of tobacco usage in the District / State and as
reduce alcoholic consumption, respectively. 31.3% of well as in the country.
participants can reduce their body weight. 16.3% was able Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A31
to cut down their waist circumference. These outcomes DOI: 10.18332/tid/140942
were associated with eating behavior, and smoking
cessation (p-value < 0.01). Blood pressure decreased by Resisting the tobacco fatwa: Strengthening
15.3 %, which was associated with smoking cessation the networking with Indonesian Muslim
and exercise. Dextrostix decreased by 55.2 %, which was communities
associated with eating behavior. LDL level decreased Hafid Algristian1, Renny Nurhasana2, Suci Ratih3, Era Prasetya4,
by 31.5%, and was associated with eating behavior and Daniel Christanto5, Ilham Ridlo6
smoking cessation (p-value < 0.01). 1
Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia,
Conclusion(s) 2
School of Strategic and Global Studies, Universitas Indonesia,
Implementing health-risk behavior modification Jakarta, Indonesia, 3Department of Public Health, Faculty of
programs, such as, “Change4Health” in the primary care Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia,
4
Green Crescent Indonesia, Surabaya, Indonesia, 5Tobacco Control
unit settings is effective in promoting health, although
Support Center, Jakarta, Indonesia, 6Department of Health
smoking cessation and changing diet appeared to be Admnistration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health Universitas
mostly effective. Airlangg, Surabaya, Indonesia
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A30 [email protected]
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140936 Introduction
It has long been known that some Muslim scholars in
Advocacies creates champions for tobacco Indonesia provided fatwas to allow smoking. This fatwa
control through COTPA implementation & was taken for granted as one of excuse that the Indonesian
achieving sustainable development goal Government not to be strict with the cigarette industry.
Devidas Shinde1 This fatwa was not responded positively by some of another
1
Sambandh Health Foundation, Gurugram, India scholar, but their voices were rarely heard.
[email protected] Objectives
Introduction This study aims to analyze the attitudes and behavior
Maharashtra has 26.6% (2.4 crore) adult population (15+) of Muslim scholars on tobacco counter issues as a
uses tobacco. In India, 5500 children initiate tobacco use background for making a distinct review of the fatwa.
every day and 530 in Maharashtra, only 3% to 4% are Methods
able to quit. Maharashtra has about 1.07 lac schools both The population was representative of several Islamic
Government & Private schools. Population 12.5 Crores. boarding schools (IBS) in East Java Province, which is
Districts: 36. Police Station: 1150. Govt. Primary and the basis of Nahdlatul Ulama, one of the largest Muslim
Secondary High Schools: 108713 COTPA ACT 2003: The organizations in Indonesia. The research consisted of
Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products (Prohibition of four steps. The first step was conducting mini-seminars
Advertisement and Regulation of Trade and Commerce, to collect a multicultural perspective on tobacco issues
Production, Supply and Distribution) Act (COTPA) 2003 including fatwas. The second step was conducting joint in-
Key Sections: Section 4: Prohibition on smoking in public house seminars with speakers from the highest clerics of
places, Section 5: Prohibition on direct and indirect two large IBS in East Java (IBS Tebuireng, Jombang, and
advertising, promotion and sponsorship, Section 6 (a): IBS Lirboyo, Kediri), as a role model for young clerics in
Prohibition on sale of tobacco products to minors, Section smaller IBS. The third step was creating a focused group
6 (b): Prohibition on sale of tobacco products within 100 discussion with young clerics as well as snowballing the
yards of educational Institutions, Section 7: Mandatory tobacco issues at smaller IBS. The last step was to carry
pictorial health warning on packets. out an anonymous survey to measure the impact of the
23
counter issues. Chiang World Heritage tourism areas until it became

Results sustainable non-smoking areas.
The overall result was succeeded to conduct a Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A33
multifactorial analysis and create a predictive formula to DOI: 10.18332/tid/140963
assess the level of resistance of the Muslim community
to the fatwa on smoking, to look the possibility to make a Student opinion on the teaching of smoking
distinct review of the fatwa. cessation and non-communicable diseases to
Conclusion(s) pharmacy students in ASEAN countries
This research is able to provide a snowball effect on Phayom Olson1, Ekkaphop Sudachan1, Kunakorn Jantamon1,
fatwas on cigarettes, thus to ring the bell of the Indonesian Ratree Swangjit1, Siew Siang Chua2, Christine Patramurti3,
Government that the fatwa should be reviewed by involving Chanthanom Manithip4
larger Muslim scholars with the most updated information 1
Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham,
about tobacco and the most ethical manner. Thailand, 2School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A32 Sciences, Taylor's University, Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya,
Malaysia., 3Faculty of Pharmacy, Sanata Dharma University,
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140951
Depok, Indonesia, 4Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health
Sciences, Vientiane, Laos
Community sector cooperation to determine [email protected]
Ban Chiang World Heritage non-smoking area Introduction
Patcharaporn Chaisri1, Sungkom Suparatanagool1 Smoking is a global health concern and smoking cessation
1
Department of Health Science, Faculty of Science, Udon Thani program incorporated into pharmacy education will enable
Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, Thailand future pharmacists to contribute to public health.
[email protected]
Objectives
Introduction
This study aimed to evaluate pharmacy students’
Smoking is still on the rise, Tobacco Products Control Act
opinions of teaching in smoking cessation and chronic
B.E. 2560 was enacted. It aims to reduce smoker, especially
non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Its aim was also
the new coming smoker, teenager.
to analyze relationships between teaching methods and
Objectives
educational outcomes.
This research aimed to investigate Ban Chiang World
Methods
Heritage non-smoking areas with cooperation from
The study consisted of an online survey on final year
stakeholders in community including social sector, local
pharmacy students from 19 Faculties of pharmacy/
sector, and academic supports from governmental sector.
pharmaceutical science of six ASEAN countries. Two
Methods
online questionnaires were developed: Thai and English.
Participatory action research (PAR) is applied to create
The Thai version was validated (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.958).
perceptions among stakeholders through seminar, public
The Thai version was translated into English.
hearing, public media, and community media.
Results
Results
Of the 370 students included in the study, 275 were
The results shown that, non-smoking areas needed
from Thailand and 95 were from 3 other countries. Thai
community’s knowledge set and academic supports
students were most highly satisfied with their knowledge
from governmental sector including of a social capital in
on the topics and their skills in using screening tools for
community, community culture, problems and obstacles,
smoking cessation and NCDs. Non-Thai students were
awareness, community consciousness, beliefs and
most satisfied with their knowledge on smoking cessation
disciplines in community, and state of knowledge about
and their skills in counseling smokers and selecting the
tobacco control. When knowledge set was identified,
right medicine while for NCDs was with their knowledge
perception of social sector was created including networks
on the topic and their skills to interpret laboratory results.
in community, community committees, entrepreneurs,
Attitudes of Thai students were highest in inspiration
volunteers in community, and community organizations
for smoking cessation and enjoyment in studying NCDs.
in order to determine roles and responsibilities among
For non-Thai students was enjoying the topic of smoking
stakeholders. Stakeholders from various sector, thus,
cessation and pharmaceutical care. Study outcomes
were invited to participate in public hearing about public
for smoking cessation and NCDs of Thai students were
policy that issued by local sector in order to regulate
significantly related to teaching methods, assessments
communities as the World Heritage non-smoking areas.
and practice but for non-Thai students, study outcomes for
Determinants indicated the World Heritage non-smoking
smoking cessation were significantly related to teaching
areas consisted of community leaders, local leaders,
methods and practice but not so for the NCDs topics.
community committees, monks, teachers who quitted
Conclusion(s)
smoking, shop owners who stopped tobacco purchasing,
Educational outcomes for smoking cessation can be
schools in communities that conducted anti-smoking
explained by teaching methods, assessments, and
activity and had knowledge on tobacco’s impacts inserted
practicums for both Thai and ASEAN students. Further
in learning activity, police station, Bank for Agriculture and
research in professional education collaboration among
Agricultural Cooperatives, sub-district health promotion
countries should be encouraged.
hospital, the Ban Chiang World Heritage museum, sub-
district municipality, community market, and public park.
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140966
Conclusion(s)
These areas were clarified as the non-smoking area
under regulations issued by local sector. Cooperation
Advocacy campaign to achieve 100% tobacco-
among stakeholders would provide development and free (government) schools in Maharashtra state
the community seek common patterns and practices in India
to address problems with ongoing activities on the Ban Rajashree Kadam1, Deepak Patil1, Nilesh Chatterjee1
24
1
Salaam Mumbai Foundation, Mumbai, India mass level by integrating it through government system.
[email protected] Methods
Introduction In 2007-08, SMF began a tobacco-free schools (TFS)
Each year, tobacco kills more than one million people in initiative in rural Maharashtra. Awareness meetings were
India. About 29% of those 15 years or older and 15% of held with the Director of State Education and District
those between 13 to 15 years in the country use tobacco. Education Officers to build motivation and promote the TFS
Tobacco-free schools (TFS) guarantee every child a programme. In order to enforce COTPA at various levels
tobacco-free environment. Indian government. through in the community, SMF trained 14000 police functionaries
its Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA), and 90000 teachers in Maharashtra. As a result, SMF has
prohibits the use and sale of tobacco in and around schools. been able to support 14400 schools in Maharashtra in
However, implementing TFS has been challenging. Salaam achieving the tobacco-free school status.
Mumbai Foundation conducted an advocacy campaign with Results
government actors, to achieve TFS in government schools Advocacy strategies have included integrating anti-tobacco
in Maharashtra state, India. messages in the state education curriculum from 5th to
Objectives 10th std. State government also issued GR for making
To share lessons from an advocacy campaign to make all schools tobacco free. In Maharashtra around 2 crore
government schools in Maharashtra tobacco-free. children will be sensitized through school textbooks. The
Methods tribal development department also issued a government
Consultative meetings, interviews with key informants circular to make all schools, within their jurisdiction,
and stakeholders from government and civil society were tobacco-free. As part of this integration strategy, SMF has
conducted to design the advocacy campaign primarily also conducted oath (pledge) activities and disseminated
targeted to government staff working at the state, district anti-tobacco messages at the gram sabha level.
and sub-district-level. Advocacy activities included Recognizing this advocacy work, the Social justice ministry
multiple meetings, one-to-one briefings with decision- in the state has awarded SMF with the Mahatma Gandhi
makers, presentations, workshops, policy briefs, media Vyasanmukti award in 2015.
articles, student rallies, events and community activities, Conclusion(s)
and published papers. In order to sustain this programme at mass level, anti-
Results tobacco messages and activities need to be incorporated
At the state level, the departments of Education and across the government system to make changes at large
Sports, and Tribal Welfare passed circulars mandating scale.
implementation of tobacco-free school policy in all Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A36
government education institutions and tribal schools DOI: 10.18332/tid/140976
respectively; thus pushing school stakeholders to take
action. Additionally, State Council of Education and Local government initiatives for tobacco
E-research Training, Maharashtra included tobacco- control in Bangladesh: A case study of Savar
related chapters in school textbooks from grades five to
municipality
ten. At the district level, advocacy with district collectors Sharf Uddin Choudhury1, Md. Abdus Miah2, Ataur Rahman2, Md.
resulted in 5830 tobacco-free schools in four districts; Shariful Alam2
an anti-tobacco pledge taken by 450000 students and 1
Savar Municipality, Savar, Bangladesh, 2Campaign for Tobacco-
villagers in Yavatmal district was entered in the Limca Free Kids, Washington, United States
book of records. [email protected]
Conclusion(s) Introduction
Continued advocacy with government actors and adding The Government of Bangladesh enacted Tobacco Control
advocacy efforts at the local community leaders and (TC) law and smoking has been prohibited in public places
influencers, supplemented with teacher interventions, can and public transports. According to the Global Adults
address existing challenges and accelerate the adoption Tobacco Survey (GATS) 2017, in Bangladesh 35.3% of adults
and sustainability of TFS. use tobacco and exposure to secondhand smoking (SHS)
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A35 is also very high in public places and public transport.
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140975 In Bangladesh, most of the public places are somehow
controlled, regulated, supervised or monitored by local
Integration of tobacco control programme government institutions (LGI). So LGIs have a tremendous
in the government system for effective role to protect people from SHS at public places.
implementation across the state of Maharashtra Objectives
Rajashree Kadam1, Kalpana Pillai1 To protect citizens of Savar municipality from tobacco
1
Salaam Mumbai Foundation, Mumbai, India harms in public places and sensitize policymakers to adopt
[email protected] a common guideline for LGIs’ to strengthen TC activities in
Introduction Bangladesh.
Tobacco use is a significant public health risk especially for Methods
rural adolescents and youth. India’s tobacco control law, Sensitizing events were held with municipal authorities
the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA and officials and public place authorities. Organized
2003), imposes restrictions on the use of tobacco on school awareness programs were held with private hospitals
campuses and prohibits the sale of tobacco within 100 and clinic owner associations, restaurant owner and
yards of school grounds. Salaam Mumbai Foundation shop owner associations. “No smoking” signage,
(SMF) has been continuously working and advocating to get poster, leaflet were developed and distributed among
a tobacco-free environment for all children in the country. stakeholders. Partnerships were made with NGOs while
Objectives local Members of Parliament were sensitized to tobacco
Creating a sustainable tobacco control programme at control issues.
25
Results Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A38

Savar municipality allocated funds from its own resources DOI: 10.18332/tid/140978
to undertake and implement tobacco control activities. A
number of citizens were aware of the harms of tobacco. Tobacco Control: A leverage to attain
The municipal building was declared tobacco free. sustainable development goals in the
Initiative has been taken to introduce licensing for selling Philippines
tobacco products. Authorized officers are monitoring TC John Christian Payumo1
law compliance. Authorities of public places were aware 1
Social Watch Philippines, Quezon City, Philippines
and “no smoking” signage displayed at public places. [email protected]
Magistrates are conducting mobile courts. The law on Introduction
tobacco advertisement, promotion and sponsorship at One of the key elements of Sustainable Development
points of sale are mostly complied with. Goals (SDGs) is interconnectivity. As such, much can be
Conclusion(s) said about the direct and indirect relation of one goal to
Bangladesh faces the challenge of tobacco use related the other. Banking in such connections, assessing the
disease and death every day. As it is a man-made interconnection and interlinkages of goals and targets will
problem, it can be prevented if proper actions are taken be an accelerator to ensure that no one is truly left behind.
by the government. Local government divisions should With the extent of societal harm it produces, tobacco
adopt a common model/guideline for LGIs’ for proper should be labelled as a development issue. Aside from
implementation of TC law in Bangladesh. health, the tobacco problem contributes to poverty, gender
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A37 inequality, and environmental issues, to name a few.
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140977 Objectives
Studying the relationships of tobacco control to other
Tobacco: A killer in loose among tobacco factory SDG targets should be a compelling task for government,
workers advocates, and other stakeholders. In the Philippines, the
Divvi Anusha1, Shivashankar Kengadaran1 “Philippine Development Plan” is the primary roadmap
1
Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth towards sustainable development until 2040. However,
University, Nellikuzhi, India nowhere in the 297-page document was tobacco control
[email protected] recommended as an accelerator nor a leverage in the
Introduction implementation of SDGs. This seeks to raise the level of
Tobacco use is one of the most important preventable discourse of tobacco control as a development issue to all
causes of disease and death globally. Even though the stakeholders.
prevalence of tobacco use is declining in many countries, Methods
the disparity among occupational groups still exists. There This paper will highlight a meta-synthesis of available
is a paucity of literature on patterns of tobacco usage data and researches from the Philippines, government,
among tobacco factory workers. civil society organizations, and other key relevant groups
Objectives and individuals.
This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of Results
tobacco use and its associated oral conditions among The burdens of tobacco across the SDGs have been
tobacco factory workers in Guntur city of Guntur district, identified in the Philippines context, along with potential
Andhra Pradesh. efforts to accelerate tobacco control for sustainable
Methods development. A set of recommendation is proposed to set
A cross-sectional study was carried among 320 tobacco the direction and mainstream tobacco control initiatives.
factory workers in Guntur. A cluster random sampling Conclusion(s)
methodology was used for selecting the study subjects. The The Philippines has some of the best practices in tobacco
data was collected using a questionnaire and performing control initiatives, but is lagging in considering it as a
a clinical examination. The questionnaire gathered development issue. Data gathering and monitoring in some
information on demographic factors and adverse habits of areas are not regular and the government agencies seem
the study subjects. The subjects were clinically examined to have silo approaches – hence the need to mainstream
to assess their oral health status using WHO Oral Health tobacco control as a leverage in attaining SDGs.
Assessment Form (2013). Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A39
Majority of the workers in the tobacco factory had tobacco
chewing habits (47.5%) than smoking (13.8%). Periodontal Green tobacco sickness: An understudied
pockets of 4-5mm depth were found among 30.6% of the
disease among tobacco harvesters
subjects and 49.6% of subjects had a loss of attachment Kumara Raja1
more than 3mm. Oral leukoplakia was found among 1
Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
20.9% of the study subjects and 24.4% had tobacco pouch [email protected]
keratosis and, it was found that buccal mucosa was the Introduction
most common site for oral mucosal lesions. Green Tobacco Sickness (GTS) is a type of nicotine poisoning
Conclusion(s) caused by the transdermal absorption of nicotine from the
The prevalence of periodontal diseases and potentially surface of wet tobacco plants. Tobacco harvesters, whose
malignant oral lesions was higher among tobacco factory clothing becomes saturated from tobacco wet with rain
workers which could be related to the rampant misuse or morning dew, are at high risk of developing GTS. The
of tobacco. Therefore, integrated curative and behaviour condition is prevalent in Asian and South American tobacco
change programs directed especially towards tobacco harvesters. Worldwide there are an estimated 33 million
cessation should be adopted to achieve the optimum level tobacco farm workers, with a substantial proportion living
of oral health among these workers. in developing countries.
26
Objectives interventions. All children (100%, n=17) who implemented

The purpose of this study was to systematically review the interventions changed positive attitudes related to
existing literature on the prevalence of green tobacco smoking. According to FGDs with the trained group, they
sickness and to identify the studies that examined green had started to discuss about results and challenges in
tobacco sickness among tobacco harvesters. implementing the decided interventions. Trained group
Methods collectively developed strategies and redirected some
Boolean search was performed with following keywords to efforts to improve the effectiveness and the attractive
extract articles which were published from 2000 to 2018. image about public smoking was reduced, especially
Records were retrieved from the various databases such among children.
as PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, Embase, Conclusion(s)
and Google Scholar. The community based interventions were effective in
Results reducing tobacco smoking and mobilizing retail shop
A total of 68 studies were examined for inclusion criteria owners who sell cigarettes to stop or reduce selling.
and finally 7 articles were analyzed for review with a total Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A41
population of 1168 tobacco harvesters. The prevalence of DOI: 10.18332/tid/140983
green tobacco sickness among tobacco harvesters ranged
from 0.082% to 56.9%. Progress of tobacco control activities in Sri
Conclusion(s) Lanka: A study based on the global youth
This review shows transdermal nicotine absorption was tobacco surveys
frequent cause of GTS among tobacco harvesters and Supun Lahiru Prakash1, Palitha Abeykoon2, Sanjaya Nanayakkara1,
these findings emphasizes an urgent need for formulating Jayatissa Nanayakkara1, Upul Rohana1, Geethani Niwarthana2,
strict tobacco control policies for tobacco harvesters. Bimsara Malshan2
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A40 1
Ministry of Health, Nutrition & Indigenous Medicine, Colombo, Sri
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140982 Lanka, 2National Authority on Tobacco and Alcohol, Battaramulla,
Sri Lanka
[email protected]
Community based interventions to stop or Introduction
reduce selling of cigarettes and to reduce Sri Lanka has taken several steps in tobacco control efforts
smoking in Ipalogama Division, Sri Lanka in recent years, which was the first country in Asia to ratify
Nadeeka Rathnayake1, Seelaman A. S. G. Samarasinghe2, the WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control. It
Rajapaksha P. N. R. Rajapaksha2, Nishantha Rajakaruna2,
is also the first country in the Southeast Asian Region to
Galmangoda Najith Duminda Guruge1
1
Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Applied Sciences, introduce tobacco control legislation.
Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, Objectives
2
Ipalogama Divisional Secretariat, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka This study measured the success of tobacco control
[email protected] efforts in Sri Lanka using the facts of Global Youth Tobacco
Introduction Surveys (GYTS) from 1999 to 2015. Special focus was given
Tobacco smoking is a major determinant of higher mortality to youth tobacco use in this study as it reflects the future
and morbidity in Sri Lanka. Annually, around 20000 people of tobacco control in the country.
are died from tobacco in Sri Lanka. Methods
Objectives Data of eleven indicators related to tobacco use, exposure
The aims of the study were to stop or reduce selling of to smoke, media/advertising, cessation, and awareness
cigarettes and to reduce smoking in Ipalogama division, of GYTS in Sri Lanka conducted in 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011,
Sri Lanka through community based interventions. and 2015 were used in this study. The Chi-square test was
Methods performed to test for homogeneity of proportions with P
The Interventions were implemented by a group of <0.05 considered statistically significant. Furthermore,
27 community members (17 children, 7 males and linear regression models were used to study the trend of
3 government officers) trained on health promotion each indicator over the period.
approach. The target group was 480 males, including Results
25 retail shop owners who sell cigarettes in 08 ‘Grama The study found out that the youth results on ever smoked
Niladhari’ (G.N.) divisions in Ipalogama division. cigarettes, current cigarette smoker, current use of
Interventions were for one year period. The initial other tobacco products, being a never smoker likely to
interventions implemented by trained group included, initiate smoking in the next year, one or more parents that
group discussions with target group about real harm smoke, being exposed to smoke in public places, having
of tobacco, higher availability and about company an object with a cigarette brand logo, ever being offered a
promotions. The specific interventions included, formal free cigarette by a cigarette company representative, and
and informal discussions with retail shop owners who wanting to stop smoking now have shown a decreasing
sell cigarettes and pasting posters about changes in trend over the period. Meanwhile, support of banning
physical appearance due to tobacco use by children smoking in public places and having been taught in class
in shops where cigarettes are sold. The changes about the dangers of smoking in the past year have shown
were assessed through interviewer administered an increasing trend. The homogeneity of proportions
questionnaires, focus group discussions (FGDs) and showed statistical significance.
observations. Conclusion(s)
Results Tobacco control activities in SriLanka have shown
After 6 months, 25 smokers in target group quit. Out of significant progress during the study period. However,
25 shop owners who sold cigarettes, 20 (80%) stopped the decline in wanting to stop smoking as a cessation
selling cigarettes and 3 (12%) reduced the number indicator is doubtful and further studies should be done to
of cigarette bundles that they hire for selling after the understand this finding.
27
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A42 and practice among Thai veterinarians (VET) was surveyed.
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140984 Methods
Self-reported questionnaire developed by the research
Communities Against Tobacco (CAT): An team after systematic review. Convenience sampling was
important initiative in tobacco control in India applied to 151 Thai veterinarians.
Sanjay Seth1, Pankaj Chaturvedi1, Ashima Sarin2 Results
1
Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India, 2Sambandh Health Results revealed that most of them were practice in 29
Foundation, Gurugram, India provinces. The majority of them were lived in nearby
[email protected] Bangkok. The average experience was 9.12 years.
Introduction Minimally was less than 1 year and the maximum was 60
Voice of Tobacco Victims (VoTV) has been a hugely years. Most of them were a none-smoker. Only 10 percent
successful campaign for tobacco control advocacy in were smokers. Ninety-six percent had no experience to
India. This campaign is a doctors led initiative which had a treating dogs and cats those received nicotine poisoning
significant role in bringing many policy changes such as tax or second-handed smoke (SHS). Among veterinarians who
increases, gutkha ban, 85% pictorial warning, e-cigarette experienced to taking care pets from nicotine poisoning/
ban, etc. The same concept was extended to get other toxin or second-handed smoke claimed that pet got
segments of society in a campaign called Communities nicotine by accident or received second handed smoke
Against Tobacco (CAT) where VoTV sensitized Journalists, from the owner or family member (25 persons). In addition,
Policymakers and senior government officials about the knowledge of VET showed that they had only 4.76 from 13
tobacco epidemic and how they could save lives by acting scores of knowledge (min = 0, max = 13). For VET opinion,
against tobacco. they thought that they agreed that VET should protect and
Objectives take care pets from nicotine toxin and SHS (mean = 59.51,
To strengthen communities against tobacco. SD = 31.22, min = 0%, max = 100%). From a practical point in
Methods the case of treatment for nicotine victims 15.4% (22 person)
Three groups i) Journalists ii) Government officials and iii) would like intravenous (IV) fluid and oxygen therapy. Follow
Police were sensitized by the VoTV doctors. Meetings were by 9.8% prescribed toxin absorbance, IV application, 7.7%
organized where tobacco-related patients, such as cancer will apply 3 interventions included toxic absorbance, IV
survivors, shared the pain and misery caused by tobacco administration and oxygenation. Additionally, some willing
to them and their families with these groups. In Media: to apply 4 interventions include toxin absorbance, IV,
Editors, Sub-Editors, Bureau Chiefs; in Government: oxygenation and gastric lavage equal to 5 interventions
Ministers, Members of Legislative Assemblies (MLAs), integrated by toxin absorbance, IV, oxygenation, gastric
Members of Parliament (MPs) and in Police: the rank of lavage and sedative.
Deputy Superintendent of Police and above were sensitized Conslusion(s)
through VoTV. It moved these communities to take action Recommendation: Veterinarians should be educated on
on tobacco control in their respective areas. nicotine toxicity and raise positive awareness to protect
Results and take care pets from nicotine harmfulness and SHS.
More than 67 Editors in Media, 159 Policymakers, 123 Clinical practice guidelines on nicotine toxicity/SHS
Senior Police Officers were sensitized. Media responded approaches should be created.
by covering the issue of tobacco through more than Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A44
4000 articles in both online and print media over an 18 DOI: 10.18332/tid/140989
month period. Policymakers supported tobacco control
and brought many policy changes in their respective Local resource mobilization: A sustainable
states while MPs raised many anti-tobacco questions in
and effective financing for Tobacco Control in
Parliament. Police enforced the Indian Tobacco control
laws effectively in more than 5 states of India.
Bangladesh
Md. Abdus Salam Miah1, Nasim Banu2, Shariful Alam1, Md. Sarker
Conclusion(s) Shams Bin Sharif1, Md. Ataur Rahman1
Systematically sensitizing key groups about the perils of 1
Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, Washington, United States,
tobacco builds support from these groups to policy change 2
Young Power in Social Action, Chittagong, Bangladesh
and better enforcement. The stories of tobacco victims [email protected]
touches people’s hearts and the doctors lend credibility. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A43 Bangladesh being among the first countries signing
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140985 FCTC has been running its tobacco control (TC) programs
establishing a National Tobacco Control Cell (NTCC) within
Surveillance of nicotine toxicity and second the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Financing from
handed smoke knowledge opinion and practice the donor and government revenue remains so far as the
among Thai veterinarians major source of supporting the TC in Bangladesh. Apart
Pratuang Sudsakorn1, Phornchai Suwannaphirom2, Pongsri from it, mobilization of local financing and resources
Srimoragot3, Kanin Ruchisereekul2 allocation by 12 local government institutes created a huge
1
Thai Veterinary Medical Association, Bangkok, Thailand, momentum in implementing TC law.
2
Veterinary Council of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand, 3Mahidol Objectives
University, Bangok, Thailand To find out a sustainable approach for Tobacco Control in
[email protected] Bangladesh.
Thai veterinarians are active participation in tobacco Conduction of activities including awareness campaigns,
control. advocacy, lobbying, sensitization of the leadership of local
Objectives government institutes and pressure-group supported
Nicotine and second-handed smoke knowledge, opinion activism worked hand in hand with media, created demand
28
for financial engagement of local government in TC Law reduced sales. TRA directly advocated MoF via a meeting.
implementation. Third argument, used by the MoF was that the ban would
Results increase beedi use. The cabinet rejected the ban as MoF
12 local government institutes: Dhaka North City and three other ministers opposed.
Corporation, Dhaka South City Corporation, Chattogram Conclusion(s)
City Corporation and Nine Municipality Corporations in CTC successfully interfered in the ban on single sticks
Chattogram Division allocated funds for TC activities from cigarette sale through the TRA, media and the MoF, arguing
their annual budget amounting to USD 600-24000. They that resulting reduced cigarette sales would generate a
successfully initiated activities using the fund, observed negative impact.
world No Tobacco Day, designed and created anti-tobacco Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A46
signage, displayed them in hotels, restaurants, public DOI: 10.18332/tid/140834
offices and public places. They have been also conducting
periodic monitoring and coordination meetings with the Vaping among Western Pacific youth: A threat to
concerned authorities such as the civil surgeon, police, law public health
enforcers, owners’ associations of hotels, restaurants, and Elizabeth Dennison1, Mina Kashiwabara2, Ada Moadsiri2
public transport using the fund. The Mayor of Chattogram 1
Georgetown University, Washington, United States, 2World
City Corporation issued a public notice banning sales of Health Organization, Regional Office for Western Pacific, Manila,
tobacco products within 100 meters of schools. The city Philippines
corporation also assigned authorized officers to conduct [email protected]
enforcement activities under TC law and punished violators. Introduction
Conclusion(s) The use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS),
Allocation of own funds and ownership of Local Government or "electronic cigarettes" has skyrocketed among youth.
Authorities appears to be an effective way to ensure the There is an emerging scientific consensus on the harmful
sustainability of TC law implementation. effects relating to ENDS use and evidence that ENDS use
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A45 is a risk factor for future cigarette experimentation. In
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140990 the Western Pacific Region, only 6 countries have banned
ENDS; while, 8 countries have regulated ENDS (as of
October 2019).
Objectives
Policy, Innovations & the End Game To gauge the awareness of ENDS existence, determine the
prevalence of ENDS use, and to explore the relationship
Tobacco industry interference against the single between tobacco and ENDS use among Western Pacific
stick cigarette sales ban youth.
Saduri Kandeepan1, Manuja Perera1,2, Hiruni Wijesuriya1, Chinthika
Methods
Perera1, Mahesh Rajasuriya1,3
1
Centre for Combating Tobacco Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka, Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), a nationally
2
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University representative survey of students aged 13-15, was
of Kelaniya, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 3Department of Psychiatry, administered between 2015-2019 in 12 countries/areas in
Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka the Western Pacific Region using a globally standardized
[email protected] protocol (Cambodia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Guam, Kiribati, Lao
Introduction PDR, Macao, Marshall Islands, Niue, Papua New Guinea,
Sri Lanka implemented 80% Pictorial Health Warnings and Samoa, and Vanuatu).
is planning to implement standardised packaging. However, Results
a considerable proportion of smokers buy cigarettes in the Guam had the highest percentage of students who had
loose form. Sale of cigarettes as single sticks promotes heard of ENDS (81.2%), followed by Niue (74.5%), and
smoking among minors, beginners and poor due to Macao (68.7%); Cambodia had the lowest (7.3%). Niue
high affordability and accessibility. In September 2018, had the highest percentage of students who used ENDS
Health Minister proposed to ban sale of single sticks as (37.5%), followed by Guam (34.6%), and Marshall Islands
recommended by the Framework Convention on Tobacco (16.7%); Cambodia had the lowest (2.3%). Tobacco use/
Control. The proposal failed to gain Cabinet approval smoking was associated with increased ENDS use,
preventing its implementation. compared to non-tobacco use/smoking in the majority of
Objectives the countries/areas.
This study aimed to explore the tobacco industry’s tactics Conclusion(s)
in sabotaging the proposed ban on single stick sale of Students' use of ENDS varies widely throughout the
cigarettes in Sri Lanka. Western Pacific Region. Interventions targeting ENDS
Methods should consider that the majority of youth are dual users
Investigative research techniques were used. Content (ENDS and tobacco). ENDS are not harmless; therefore,
analysis was carried out on identified web posts and the need to regulate these products is necessary, as
documents to determine the tobacco industry’s strategic highlighted in the WHO Regional Action Plan for Tobacco
involvement, their front groups and arguments used. Control in the Western Pacific (2020-2030). A limitation
Results was the respondents’ ability to understand the definition
First argument, the ban would reduce government tax of ENDS. Only 12 out of 37 countries/areas reported data;
revenue due to reduction of cigarette sales, was made by therefore, results are not representative of the entire
three parties: cigarette industry, media and Minister of region. Further investigation is needed. The authors have
Finance (MoF). The strongest advocate against the ban no known conflicts of interest.
was the Tobacco Retailer’s Association (TRA), backed by Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A47
the Ceylon Tobacco Company (CTC). TRA’s argued that DOI: 10.18332/tid/140836
retail business would be impacted, again because of
29
E-cigarettes: Gateway to tobacco addiction chemicals in tobacco as measured by nicotine.

among adolescents Methods
Tshering Bhutia1, Abhiram Mehendale1, Narayan Lad1, Priti Second-hand smoke was estimated by passive sampling
Vaishnav1 of vapor-phase nicotine using a filter badge treated with
1
Salaam Bombay Foundation, Mumbai, India sodium bisulfate. These nicotine monitors were placed in
Introduction various indoor and adjacent outdoor areas of five different
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are often a restaurants, bars, and shops selling tobacco for 7 days. A
controversial product in tobacco control debates. Previous control monitor was placed inside a health office where
studies suggest that use of ENDS by youth in numerous smoking is banned.
countries is rampant, however very limited information on Results
use and access is known for the Indian market. The mean nicotine concentration was 2.14 μg/m3 and 0.18
Objectives μg/m3 in indoor and adjacent outdoor areas respectively
Salaam Bombay Foundation (SBF) conducted cross- while the nicotine concentration in the control monitor was
sectional study among Mumbai youth to assess the 0.08 μg/m3. The highest concentration was measured inside
prevalence, knowledge and perceptions of youth about a small tobacco retail shop (11.68 μg/m3). The nicotine
e-cigarettes. concentration in the smoking area and non-smoking area
Methods in one bar where a voluntary rule was in place was 0.24 μg/
This study was conducted using both quantitative and m3 and 0.71 μg/m3 respectively.
qualitative survey methods. Close ended self-administered Conclusion(s)
paper and pencil survey was administered to 306 randomly The results indicate that the public is exposed to nicotine
selected youth followed by personal interviews of around even in outdoor adjacent areas of public places not yet
20 youth using interview schedule. The quantitative data covered by smoke-free laws. The results support the
was analyzed using SPSS and qualitative data was coded notion that voluntary indoor non-smoking areas do not
and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. protect patrons from the dangers of second-hand smoke
Results and emphasize the need for legislation to cover all
'Pen Hookah' was found to be common term for ENDS public places. Limitations of this study include the small
devices being sold in Mumbai. Out of 306 respondents sample size and the lack of qualitative data to identify the
73.2% (n=224) admitted to be exposed to it. 33.5% (n=75) contributors toward the higher concentration of nicotine in
of exposed reported its ever use. Ever use (n=75) was indoor ambient air. In addition, some of the public places
higher among 20-25 years (52.7%) compared to 16-19 monitored are not fully enclosed; therefore, the nicotine
years (46.7%). Out of ever users, 46.3% (n=63) were males concentration is likely to be influenced by wind and other
and 13.6% (n=12) were females. Only 20% (n=15) ever environmental factors.
users of ENDS were current tobacco users. Participants Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A49
in this survey reported that youth starts using ENDS DOI: 10.18332/tid/140848
out of curiosity and gradually turn towards traditional
smoking tobacco products. Continued efforts of SBF and Packaging design analysis to support
like-minded organizations using this data as evidence standardised packaging in ASEAN
resulted in Government of India releasing an ordinance in Tan Lian1, Yong Yoon2
September 2019 banning sale of e-cigarettes. 1
Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance, Bangkok, Thailand,
Conclusion(s) 2
Consumers Association of Penang, Jelutong, Malaysia
Worldwide, there is strong evidence that shows that [email protected]
e-cigarettes are gaining popularity among youth and Introduction
acting as gateway to tobacco use among youth. Realizing ASEAN countries should adopt standardized packaging
its potential of being gateway to tobacco use and health in accordance with WHO FCTC guidelines (11 and 13) to
harms, 25 countries have banned or restricted its use. eliminate advertising or promotional elements in tobacco
Worldwide ban on e-cigarettes is the need of the hour to products. Tobacco industry (TI) use unoccupied space left
protect youth from falling prey to tobacco products. by any health warning on cigarette packs to entice smokers
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A48 and non-smokers with promotional elements.
The study aims to analyze packaging designs and
Measuring nicotine in ambient air to support promotional elements used by TI to subvert existing
expansion of smoke-free public places in regulations on Pictorial Health Warnings (PHWs) and
Kiribati tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship bans
Ada Moadsiri1, Enoka Arabua2, Mina Kashiwabara1 implemented in all ASEAN countries.
1
World Health Organization, Regional Office for Western Pacific, Methods
Manila, Philippines, 2Ministry of Health and Medical Services, A multidisciplinary approach, e.g. semiotics and marketing
Tarawa, Kiribati techniques, is used to analyze 41 empty cigarette packs
[email protected] from eight ASEAN countries (Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao
Introduction PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, and
Kiribati is a Pacific island which has smoke-free health Vietnam). Cigarette packs’ external and internal surfaces
care facilities, government facilities, indoor offices by law. were analyzed for promotional elements.
However, restaurants, cafes, pubs, and bars are not yet Results
entirely smoke-free. The findings showed (1) cigarette packaging either in
Objectives standard (rectangular) or non-standard packaging shapes
To measure nicotine in ambient air in and near public and sizes, .e.g. slims/superslims (lipstick pack); (2) flip-
places not yet smoke-free by law to provide evidence that top lid versus one that opens like a wallet allowing much
smoke-free legislation protects the public from dangerous space for a lengthy descriptor on the inside; (3) kiddie
30
packs (<20-stick) that make smoking affordable to the The political economy of tobacco control in
poor and the youth. The analysis revealed that larger Thailand and its impacts on tobacco farmers
PHWs greatly reduced the space for TI to advertise and Buapun Promphakping1, Ninlawadee Promphakping1, Thanapauge
promote the product on the pack. Observation shows that Chamaratana1, Pornpen Somaboot1, Kritsada Phatchaney1
(1) TI’s brand and variant names are often in designer 1
Research Group on Wellbeing and Sustainable Development,
fonts, easily identifying the product; (2) promotional use Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University,
Khon Kaen, Thailand
of different packaging materials and colors combined with
[email protected]
attractive graphic designs; (b) logo, colors, and graphics
Introduction
associated with brand identity; and (c) descriptors carrying
With the increasing concerns of the implications of tobacco
advertisements in the guise of the company’s quality
consumption on health, the national and international
statement. Brand name, logo, trademarks, manufacturer’s
governments have orchestrated efforts to control tobacco
information, and tar and nicotine levels appear on other
consumption. Thailand has been praised for its tough
panels of the packs.
promotion of comprehensive measures through tobacco
Conclusion(s)
control policies, but these policies are largely focused on
TI’s marketing and promotion tactics shifted to cigarette
demand side. Meanwhile, the extent to which these TCPs
packaging so as to circumvent a country’s tobacco
have implications for tobacco farmers have not yet fully
control laws/regulations. As such, governments should
been recognized.
immediately address these challenges by adopting
Objectives
standardized packaging.
This paper examines the political economy of tobacco
control in Thailand, and assesses the extent to which the
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140849
tobacco control policies are implicated on farmers.
Methods
Graphical health warning on bidi packets in Data for the analysis was obtained through qualitative
Bangladesh: Current gaps and way forward methods, interviewed of 12 local authorities and focus
Md. Mohi Uddin1, Farhana Zaman1, Aminul Sujon2, Md. Bazlur
groups of 50 tobacco farmers in 4 provinces, i.e. Prae,
Rahman1, Syed Alam3, Shameem Patwary1
1
Tobacco Control & Research Cell, Dhaka International University,
Petchabun, Roi-et, and Nongkai.
Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2National Tobacco Control Cell, Health Service Results
Division, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh, This paper argues that the tobacco state enterprise that
3
The Union South-East Asia, Tobacco Control, Dhaka, Bangladesh evolved before the turning of 1960s and developed further,
[email protected] especially under the 1965 Tobacco Act, play a significant
Introduction role in protecting farmers from adverse conditions, either
Bidi (local handmade non-filtered cigarettes) is low-cost driven by tobacco control policies or the world market.
tobacco products in world and more than 150 stick bidis (6 Although the new Tobacco Control Act issued in 2018 has
packs, one pack = 25 sticks) for only US$1 (85 BDT). Poor, made a number of change, but most are directed to demand
ultra poor and illiterate people smoke bidis. 5.3 million Or side (sale and smokers). Farmers will continue to enjoy the
5% Adults (15+ years) smoked bidis and, on an average of protection, the subsidies that made available by Tobacco
13.7 bidis smoked per day (GATS Bangladesh 2017). Authority of Thailand, and these subsidies earn farmers a
Objectives better off position in compared with their counterparts that
Graphical Health Warnings (GHW) on both side of all subsidies are barely and unreliable.
tobacco products including covering 50% or more surface Conclusion(s)
area and “approved for selling only in Bangladesh” were The alternative livelihoods that tobacco farmers can
imposed from 19th March 2016 as per amendment of the accept would be only to change to more lucrative crops,
Smoking and Tobacco Products Uses. and reliable markets, especially in a form of contract
Methods farming or in a similar terms that they received from
Samples of bidi packets were collected from 160 wholesale Tobacco Authority of Thailand.
shops situated in the 270 bazars (market area) in the 64 Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A52
district towns during October 2017 to September 2019. DOI: 10.18332/tid/140859
Total 139 samples of different packets were collected
owned by 39 brands of 30 companies. A survey of tobacco prices in Surabaya city,
Results Indonesia
Among all tobacco products available in Bangladesh, Daniel Christanto1, Qonita Rachmah1, Santi Martini1, Ilham
GHWs enforcement on the bidi packs are worst. 1. Only 18% Aksanu Ridlo1, Hario Megatsari1, Sri Widati1, Kurnia Dwi Artanti1
packets contains both side of GHWs: - 82% bidi packets has 1
Tobacco Control Support Center, Faculty of Public Health,
no GHWs in both side which is a clear violation of law. - Universitas Airlangga, Banyuwangi, Indonesia
GHWs in 91% packs are covered by band-roll (tax-stamp). [email protected]
2. 94% bidi packets doesn’t write the sentence “approved Introduction
for selling only in Bangladesh” that is a legal obligation of The prevalence of active smokers in Indonesia significantly
tobacco packets. 3. None of bidi packets were found that raising, especially in children and adolescent groups. This
fully compliance the tobacco control law. has become a major public health problem, considering
Conclusion(s) smoking causes many health consequences. The low
Standard and unique packaging of bidi packets can ensure price of cigarettes could be the cause of the increasing
full compliance of TC law. TCRC initiated sensitizing prevalence of smokers.
concerned government agencies with these findings to Objectives
make standard packaging for tobacco products. This study aimed to document tobacco price data in various
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A51 locations and compare prices between published retail price
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140851 and actual market retail price in Surabaya city, Indonesia.
31
Methods Analysis and from the categorization, we can map out how
This was a cross-section study assessing market price of the discourse constructed.
three best-selling tobacco brand based on previous survey Results
in 2016. A non-probability convenience sampling method From the analysis of the argument related to tiers
was used to select six difference point-of-sales' (POS) simplification controversies, we learned that this policy
in Surabaya city, Indonesia. Six POSs identified namely change is less publicly discussed in comparison to tobacco
traditional market, modern market, street vendor, kiosk, tax tariff. However, simplification attracts numerous new
train/bus station, and gas station. actors to take a side on the debates. Some actors that
Results previously gave contra statements on tariff increase
Three widely sold tobacco products were called Sampoerna actually support the tiers simplification.
A Mild 16, GG Surya 12, and Dji Sam Soe with retail price Conclusion(s)
ranged from IDR17000/USD1.22 – IDR26500/USD1.91. This analysis is an important consideration to develop and
Comparing six POSs, the highest price difference of tobacco modify the key messaging of tobacco tax advocacy.
was found in train/bus station (IDR12925/ USD 0.93), while Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A54
the lowest price was found in traditional market (IDR4725/ DOI: 10.18332/tid/140865
USD0.34). The finding was explainable considering the
social economic status of the smokers. However, the Impact of tobacco tax increase in 2016 and 2019
lowest selling price in traditional market could increase in retail prices in Vietnam
the possibility of new smokers in low socioeconomic Le Thi Thu1, Tran Thi Tuyet2, Tran Thi Nguyet Tu2, Nguyen Thi
groups. Overall, the price difference between excise Trang Nhung3
stamp price and retail price was only IDR2591/USD0.19. 1
Vietnam Office of Health Bridge Foundation of Canada, Hanoi,
The price difference of excise and retail price was ranged Vietnam, 2Department of Tax Policy, Vietnam Ministry of Finance,
from 6–26%. Hanoi, Vietnam, 3Fundamental Sciences Faculty, Hanoi University
of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
Conclusion(s)
[email protected]
This study showed that most of retail price was not much
Introduction
differ from excise price. Having an access of reliable
Vietnam revised the Excise Tax ET Law in 2014 resulting
price data across a wide spectrum of tobacco products
in an increase of the cigarette excise tax rates from 65%
is important as a baseline to regulate the tax policy of
of ex-factory price to 70% in January 2016, and to 75% in
tobacco products.
January 2019.
Objectives
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140862
The study aims to investigate the impact of ET Law on
the cigarette prices at retail market and to compare the
Deconstructing the tobacco tax reform debate in prices between locations. The study helps to shape the
Indonesia utilizing discourse network analysis recommendations to government for its next excise tax
Lara Rizka1, Emmy Nirmalasari1, Nurul N. Luntungan1, Yurdhina reforms in 2019.
Meilissa1
Methods
1
Center for Indonesia's Strategic Development Initiatives,
Indonesia Three rounds of tobacco retail price survey were conducted
[email protected] in 2013 (before tax increase), 2016 (after 1st time tax
Introduction increase) and 2019 (after 2nd time tax increase). Prices
After 4 years of modest tariff increase and 1 year with no of cigarette from 300 retailers each in Hanoi and Ho Chi
increase, in October 2019, Indonesian Government made Minh City were collected by a questionnaire in each round.
a quite bold move to increase tobacco tax 23% higher in Five types of stores located closely to high schools were
average. Although this increase might not be considered chosen, including local convenience store, street drinking
as significant in international comparison, for Indonesia, establishment, street vendor, café, and restaurant.
this is the highest tobacco tax increase in history. However, Results
the percentage of tariff increase might not translate into The average nominal retail price (without adjust to the
reduced affordability as its main objective because of inflation rate) of cigarettes increased slightly from 2013
the complex structure of Indonesian cigarette tax which to 2016 were 17500VND (0.76USD) to 18100VND (0.78USD)
currently comprises of 10 tiers of cigarette product. The per pack; then continue raising from 2016 to 2019 to
effort to simplify the structure was implemented back in 20000VND (0.87USD) per pack. In 2019, the average
2017, with the inclusion of simplification roadmap in the nominal retail cigarette prices per pack in Hanoi, Ho Chi
Minister of Finance regulation on tobacco excise tariff, Minh city, rural and urban areas was 20700VND (0.90USD),
however, after one year, the roadmap is deleted and not yet 19300VND (0.84USD), 17300VND (0.75USD), and 21600VND
included in the newest regulation. (0.93USD), respectively. After adjusted by the inflation
Objectives rates, the average real cigarette prices were increased by
This study aims to map the arguments and actors involved -300VND/pack in 2016 and 500VND/pack in 2019.
in the debate. The final decision made was strongly Conclusion(s)
correlated with the public discourse that can be seen in In 2019, the average nominal retail cigarette price per
the media. A wave of statements against the simplification pack was higher in Hanoi than Ho Chi Minh City and higher
of tobacco tax structure was raised in the media before the in urban than rural. Despite the increase in excise tax in
regulation was established. 2014 ET Law, cigarettes are becoming more affordable.
Methods Tobacco taxes should be increased at a higher rate and
Utilising database of media monitoring regarding tobacco in more frequently at least to keep up with inflation and
Indonesia, we analyse the content of the articles regarding income growth.
tariff increase and tiers simplification. We categorise the Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A55
statements on tobacco taxation using Discourse Network DOI: 10.18332/tid/140868
32
Ability to pay and willingness to pay for longitudinal survey within the project “Make Tobacco
insurance from tobacco expenditure among Taxation Work in Vietnam”. It was conducted with a nationally
non-members of National Health Insurance in representative sample of 1639 current smokers aged 18
Indonesia, 2019 years and above. Along with a smoker questionnaire, a
Mugi Wahidin1, Tri Juni Angkasawati1 separate questionnaire was designed to collect information
1
National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry on the prices of cigarette brands available on survey sites.
of Health, Jakarta, Republic of Indonesia The Ordinary Least Squares method was used to estimate
[email protected] the price elasticity of cigarette demand with price data
Introduction obtained from local tobacco outlets that can alleviate the
Indonesia has been implementing universal health endogeneity of the price variable.
coverage on health insurance. As stated in Law of Social Results
Insurance, all Indonesian citizens must be members of The estimated price elasticity of cigarette demand was
National Health Insurance. There are 82% of 260 millions -0.165. By gender, the price elasticity was -0.158 for males
of Indonesian population being members in 2019. After and -0.349 for females, but only statistically significant for
5 years of implementation, 18% of which have not been male group. By age, the price elasticity was statistically
members. Ability to pay (ATP) and willingness to pay significant for two groups, 35-55 and 56 or older, at -0.116
(WTP) for the insurance can be taken from non-essential and -0.181, respectively. Also, the price elasticity was
expenditure, including tobacco smoking. Among non- statistically significant for only low- and middle-income
members, there is limited information about the extent of groups, at -0.251 and -0.180, respectively.
ATP and WTP. Conclusion(s)
Objectives Compared to the estimates of the previous studies
This study aimed to know ATP and WTP among non- in Vietnam using data collected before 2000, our price
members of National Health Insurance in Indonesia. elasticity estimates of cigarette demand were considerably
Methods lower. The potential explanation is that due to the rapid
This was a cross sectional study, based on ATP and economic growth and weaknesses of an ad valorem tax
WTP study in National Institute of Health Research and system, cigarettes have become increasingly affordable
Development (NIHRD), Ministry of Health (MoH), 2019. over time. Thus, two actions are urgently implemented to
Secondary data was collected from NIHRD, MoH. Steps reduce tobacco use: (i) to significantly increase tobacco
of activities were literature review, data collection, data taxes; (ii) to switch to a mixed tax system including specific
management and data analysis. components.
A total number of non-members of National Health DOI: 10.18332/tid/140899
Insurance in Indonesia was estimated to be 42168188
persons. ATP from tobacco expenditure was minimum Smoking behavior and its impact on quality of
IDR 75000 (USD 5.4) and maximum IDR 117000 (USD life among social assistance recipient in East
8.4). Meanwhile, WTP was minimum 26000 (USD 1.8) and Java, Indonesia
maximum IDR 284000 (USD 20.2). There was 88.7% of Renny Nurhasana1, Suci Puspita Ratih2, Rara Warih Gayatri2,
which did not want to pay minimum payment of health Tika Dwi Tama2, Ni Made Shellasih1, Aryana Satrya1,3, Fadhilah
insurance for IDR 42000 (USD 3) per month per person. It Rizky Ningtyas1, Nurul Muhafilah1
was only 11.3% who wanted to pay minimum insurance. It 1
School of Strategic and Global Studies, Universitas Indonesia,
indicated that non-members had higher ATP from smoking Jakarta, Indonesia, 2Department of Public Health, Faculty of
expenditure than minimum payment, but the WTP was still Sports Sciences, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia,
3
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business,
lower than ATP.
Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
ATP among non-members of National Health Insurance Introduction
was above minimum payment of insurance, but WTP was Previous studies revealed that smoking behavior was
still low. significantly associated with poverty. Surprisingly, a study
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A56 found that recipients of governmental social assistance
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140871 tend to have higher cigarette consumption compared
to the non-recipients. Smoking behavior among social
Price elasticity estimates of cigarette demand assistance recipients would lead to inefficiency of the
in Vietnam using survey data social assistance itself. Rather, it might result in higher
Nuong Nguyen1, Anh Ngoc Nguyen1 poverty level.
1
Development and Policies Research Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
Objectives
[email protected]
This study aimed to analyse smoking behavior and its
Introduction
impacts on the quality of life among social assistance
Excise taxes are widely recognized as the most effective
recipients.
measure to reduce tobacco use. The Vietnamese
Methods
Government has been working towards a tax reform to put
This study used a qualitative method with a rapid-
tobacco taxation to its best use in Vietnam.
assessment-procedure (RAP) study design. The data were
Objectives
collected using in-depth interview to 20 social assistance
To inform the taxation policy discussion, this study
recipients from 20 households living in East Java Provinces.
estimated the price elasticity of cigarette demand and
There were four districts from two cities were chosen as
investigated differential price-responsiveness among sub-
study location.
populations by gender, age and income.
Results
Methods
All informants in this study had at least one family member
The study used data from Wave 1 (2018) of an ongoing
33
who is smoker. Cigarette is one of must-buy things every the present study also suggest that increase in taxation
single day in the households. Cigarette expenditure among does not affect male having higher dependence rate and
the households exceed the half of daily expenditure such belonging to upper socioeconomic status.
as foods and school pocket money. Smoking behavior Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A59
among the heads of the households replaced important DOI: 10.18332/tid/140908
needs such as nutritious foods. Additionally, most of the
respondents are still living in a poor condition. Most of Measuring community support for tobacco tax
the informants stated that the current cigarette price is measures: Results from a community survey on
affordable. Therefore, they kept buying cigarettes although support for increased tobacco taxes in Vietnam
they are in a poor condition. Tom Carroll1, Ashish Kumar Gupta2, Phan Thi Hai3, Nguyen Thi
Conclusion(s) Thu Huong3, Do Thi Phi4, Christina Curell5
Smoking behavior among social assistance recipients 1
Vital Strategies, Sydney, Australia, 2Vital Strategies, Delhi, India,
is common. Affordable price of cigarettes makes the 3
Vietnam Tobacco Control Fund, Hanoi, Vietnam, 4Vital Strategies,
household keep buying cigarettes although the family have Hanoi, Vietnam, 5Vital Strategies, New York, United States
to take less nutritious foods due to the shifting. Stronger [email protected]
regulation is needed to prevent the poor especially the Introduction
recipients of social assistance. One of the recommended In Vietnam 45.3 percent of men and 1.1 percent of women
policies is by raising tax of tobacco products to optimum. currently smoke tobacco (GATS 2015) and cigarette prices
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A58 are low. Modeling by WHO estimates an increase of 5000
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140904 VND ($0.20 USD) per pack of cigarettes could result in 1.8
million fewer smokers and save 900000 lives.
Objectives
Does increase in tax decrease consumption of
In August 2018, a multi-city survey funded by Bloomberg
tobacco? Philanthropies was undertaken by Vital Strategies in
Shivashankar Kengadaran1, Divvi Anusha1, Sivabalakumaran
Kengadaran2 consultation with the Vietnam Tobacco Control Fund to
1
Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, measure levels of support among citizens for increasing
Bahour, India, 2Chengalpattu Government Medical College, Tamil taxes on cigarettes in Vietnam.
Nadu, India Methods
[email protected] U si n g mu lti -sta ge ra n d o m sa mp li n g d e si g n, a
Introduction representative sample was drawn from cities of Hanoi,
Tobacco smoking increases the risk of many fatal diseases Ho Chi Minh City, Hai Phong, Da Nang and Can Tho.
such as cancer, emphysema, heart disease and other Respondents were selected through a household survey
circulatory diseases. If trends in tobacco use continue, resulting in 1104 completed interviews of people aged 18-
approximately 500 million people alive today will die from 75 years (508 urban, 506 rural; 462 males, 552 females;
smoking. There are approximately 120 million smokers in 800 non-smokers, 214 smokers). Data were weighted to
India. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), represent the population of Vietnam.
India is home to 12% of the world's smokers. To reduce Results
over-consumption of tobacco and halt the prevalence of Almost all respondents agreed smoking was harmful to
tobacco induced diseases, countries need comprehensive smokers (97%) and exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS)
action plans. was harmful to women and children (97%). Most respondents
Objectives thought cigarette smoking was a serious problem amongst
This study was conducted to asses, one of the strategies Vietnamese people in general (93%) and amongst
developed by WHO, if increasing the taxation of the tobacco Vietnamese youth (95%). Three-quarters of respondents
products leads to reduction in smoking. (76%) agreed with increasing tobacco taxes/prices to reduce
Methods harm from smoking and from exposure to SHS for women
A cross sectional study was conducted among 340 smokers and children. Levels of agreement were relatively consistent
of Chennai, India. A non-probability convenience sampling between rural (77%) and urban areas (74%), and between
was used in selecting the subjects who were further males (70%) and females (80%). There was majority support
assessed using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire for increasing taxes on cigarettes among non-smokers (82%)
using Interview method. Cronbach’s alpha (0.732) and split and among half of smokers (52%). Two-thirds of respondents
half reliability (0.822) test was used to test the reliability (67%) supported increasing taxes by 5000 VND or more per
the questionnaire. The data were entered in Microsoft excel pack (rural 69%, urban 64%; females 72%, males 62%; non-
spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS software version 20. smokers 74%, smokers 42%).
Tobacco consumption per day, after increase in taxation Findings demonstrate majority support amongst
was found to be significantly increasing with the age Vietnamese citizens for an increase in tax on cigarettes by
of the study subjects (b=0.534, p<0.001). Tobacco 5000 VND or more per pack.
consumption per day, after increase in taxation was found Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A60
to be significantly less among females (b=-0.184, p=0.002). DOI: 10.18332/tid/140910
Tobacco consumption per day, after increase in taxation
was found to be significantly decreasing with the SES of the Economic loss due to diseases caused by
study subjects (b=-0.118, p=0.048) and number of children smoking in the younger generation in Indonesia
in the family (b=-0.228, p=0.003). Wahyu Pudji Nugraheni1, Syarifah Nuraini1
Conclusion(s) 1
Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Republic of Indonesia
The results from current study show that, taxes and prices [email protected]
increases have great potential to stimulate cessation or Introduction
reduction of cigarette consumption. The results from The future of the nation is determined by the nation's
34
qualified young generation. Qualified young people are price on legal cigarette demand and illicit cigarette trade
the productive age population who are healthy, strong and among seven Southeast Asian countries.
free from the dangers of smoking. Cigarettes cause death Methods
threats for Indonesia's young generation. Every year, more A panel data analysis of seven Southeast Asian countries
than 225700 Indonesians are killed by tobacco-related for ten years from 2008 to 2018 using random-effects-
diseases. However, more than 469000 children (10-14 model estimators. Due to data availability constraints,
years old) and 6402700 adults (15+ years old) continue to this study only included Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia,
use tobacco every day. Indonesian basic health research Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, and Lao PDR, where these
data in 2018 shows that smoking behavior trends have countries have cigarette tax rates that are below WHO
increased significantly in adolescence at 9.1 percent recommendation level.
compared to 2013 basic health research at 7.2 percent. Results
Objectives Legal retail price is statistically significant in reducing
This study aims to calculate the burden of diseases caused legal demand among these countries. Hence, the inelastic
by smoking at productive age in Indonesia from both an demand (-0.3625) proves that governments should
epidemiological perspective and an economic perspective continuously increase the current tobacco taxes in order to
in 2017. reduce the legal demand while raising a more substantial
Methods and consistent revenue stream. Also, the results do not
The research design is a cross-sectional study. The data reflect the claims asserted by tobacco industries as
source used is Indonesia burden of disease data in 2017. increases in retail price is insignificant in driving illicit
Results trade.
The results of the study showed that the 5 highest cigarette- Conclusion(s)
related diseases that contribute to causing death at Therefore, the respective authorities of the countries
productive age in Indonesia are cardiovascular diseases, should seriously consider tax increments in order to
respiratory infections and tuberculosis, neoplasms, chronic address the threat smoking poses to people. This effort
respiratory diseases and diabetes and kidney diseases. would potentially reduce the high cigarette demand,
While, 10 cigarette-related diseases of productive age with produce substantial tax revenues, and SADs in Southeast
the highest DALYs ranking were cardiovascular diseases, Asia.
respiratory infections and tuberculosis, diabetes and kidney Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A62
diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, neoplasms, chronic DOI: 10.18332/tid/140916
respiratory diseases, sense organ diseases, transport
injuries, digestive diseases and unintentional injuries. Effect of district health board intervention on
The country's economic losses due to 10 cigarette-related the restricting tobacco access among youths: A
diseases in the productive age during 2017 are 59.2 trillion four district study in Thailand
IDR, or 56.9% of Indonesia's total national health budget Chakkraphan Phetphum1, Supatana Chomson1, Artittaya
in 2017. Wangwonsin1, Kanyarat Thawatchaijaroenying1
Conclusion(s) 1
Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok,
Smoking behavior at productive age in Indonesia needs to Thailand
be controlled because it has a high potential to harm the [email protected]
country in a significant amount Objectives
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A61 This action research aimed to examine the effectiveness of
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140913 a District Health Board (DHB) intervention on the reduction
of law violations of retailers and effects on tobacco access
The effect of legal retail price on legal cigarette by youths.
Methods
demand and illicit trade in Southeast Asia
Wency Thinng1, Norashidah Mohamed Nor2 The study conducted in 4 districts, from 4 regions, Thailand
1
Department of Economics and Corporate Administration, Tunku consist of: Ban Hong District in Lamphun Province, Sam
Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Ko District in Ang Thong Province, Chaturaphak Phiman
2
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia District in Roi Et Province, and Na San District in Surat
[email protected] Thani Province. The target group in each district were 30-
Introduction 50 committee of DHB. This action research had 4 research
About one-tenth of the world’s smokers originates steps. These included the steps in planning, action and
from Southeast Asia. Unsurprisingly, annual smoking- observing, reflection, and the evaluation.
attributable deaths (SADs) are estimated at 500000 and Results
worse in the years to come. Recognising the threat of The main outcome measures were rate of law violation
smoking poses to global public health, WHO FCTC introduced of retailers as measured through store observations
Article 6, a tax measure to effectively reduce cigarette (including: open display of cigarette at the point of sale,
demands. Nevertheless, Southeast Asian countries still selling cigarettes in sticks, and selling cigarettes to
have lower legal cigarettes’ retail prices compared to other minors) and self-reported the perceived ease of access to
high-income countries due to the imposition of lower tax tobacco among secondary students. Over a sixth-months
rate which does not correspond with inflation and income period, a diverse activities were implemented in 4 district.
growth. Despite the lower taxes imposed among Southeast These included community education, retailer education,
Asian countries, tobacco industries remain adamant that positive reinforcing for tobacco retailers who complete
taxation drives illicit cigarette trade and uses this as a compliance with the laws, and anti-smoke and smoke-
tool to mislead governments in making taxation decisions free environments operation in the district. The results
favourable to them. found that the rate of law violation of retailers for all 4
Objectives districts were decreased from the pre-test at statistical
This study investigated the effects of legal cigarette retail significance of 0.05. And the perceived ease of access to
35
tobacco of students for all 4 districts was significantly about the unknown nature of their health risks, including
lower than pre-test at statistical significance of 0.05. the rationale behind the precautionary principle.
Conclusion(s) Funding
This results support that the law violation of retailers and None to declare.
tobacco access among youths can be reduced though a Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A64
DHB -engaging intervention. Therefore, the ministry of DOI: 10.18332/tid/140926
public health should develop the potential and support the
budget for the DHB. in order to solve the tobacco access Tobacco industry targeting political giants in Sri
and use among youth in their area of responsibility. Lanka: Presidential candidates 2019
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A63 Saduri Kandeepan1, Chinthika Perera1, Hiruni Wijesuriya1, Isuru
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140923 Sampath Dias1, Dineshkumar Periyannan1, Manuja Perera1,2,
Mahesh Rajasuriya1,3
Envisaging a ‘smoke-free’ world: An exploratory
1
Centre for Combating Tobacco, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2Department
of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya,
study of Philip Morris International’s strategic Colombo, Sri Lanka, 3Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of
positioning in Australia Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
Kahlia McCausland1, Danielle Cirillo Woodman2, Bruce Maycock3, [email protected]
Katharina Wolf4 Introduction
1
Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public The presidential election to elect the 7th Executive
Health, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth,
President of Sri Lanka was held on November 2019. Ceylon
Australia, 2School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth,
Australia, 3European Centre for Environment and Human Health, Tobacco Company (CTC), a subsidiary of British American
College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, Tobacco (BAT), holds the monopoly of manufacturing and
United Kingdom, 4School of Management and Marketing, Curtin selling cigarettes in Sri Lanka, which has a comprehensive
University, Perth, Australia ban on tobacco advertisement, promotion and sponsorship
Introduction under the National Authority on Tobacco and Alcohol
While there has been a gradual reduction in combustible (NATA) Act.
cigarette smoking rates across the developed world, there Objectives
has been a sharp increase in the popularity and usage To explore tobacco industry (TI) engagements of the 2019
of e-cigarettes. Transnational tobacco corporations, presidential election candidates.
including Philip Morris International (PMI), have developed Methods
their own e-cigarette and heat-not-burn (HNB) products to Investigative research techniques were used. Key informant
retain a foothold over their existing market share. interviews, news reports, online content, industry reports
Objectives and community-level documentary evidence were used.
To use framing theory to critically analyse corporate A deductive data analysis approach was used based on
communication materials from leading international the themes ‘type of engagement’, ‘TI investment’ and
tobacco company, PMI, and identify the prevailing ‘potential impact’.
themes used to challenge Australia’s existing e-cigarette Results
regulations and garner public support for broader access All three top ranked candidates depicted a positive result.
to nicotine-containing e-cigarette products. Two had a history of direct engagement with the CTC and
Methods the other declared support for beedi industry during the
This project utilised a case study research design to examine election campaign. The engagements of the candidate
PMI and the complex interactions between the tobacco who was a former Defence Secretary included accepting
industry, policymakers and public opinion. Inclusion sponsorships to construct police stations and Army welfare
criteria for data collection were PMI’s communication shops. Police are one of the authorized officers of the NATA
materials - websites, social media, commissioned reports, Act and Sri Lanka Army distributed tax free cigarettes for
submissions and transcripts to Australian e-cigarette its soldiers until recent past. The candidate who was a
inquiries - published between January 2018 and July 2019 former Agriculture Minister accepted CTC sponsorships
relating to PMI’s e-cigarettes, HNB products or ‘smoke- for renovation of water reservoirs. CTC cultivates almost
free’ transformation. all tobacco they need for manufacturing cigarettes and
Results is accused of exploiting the Sri Lankan farmers during
Seven themes: 1) Tobacco harm reduction 2) PMI as a ‘good the process. One candidate was the guest of honour of
corporate citizen 3) Lobbying Australian Government to the opening ceremony of a pilgrim’s rest in a Buddhist
legalise nicotine-containing e-cigarettes 4) Advocating shrine constructed with CTC sponsorship (around 70% of
for smokers freedom of choice 5) Science and innovation Sri Lankans are Buddhists). All TI engagements of these
6) Improved public health outcomes 7) Justifying the leading politicians received positive media coverage.
presence of nicotine in reduced-risk products; and 19 Conclusion(s)
subthemes emerged from the data. TI engaging main political figures in Sri Lanka has potential
Conclusion(s) to cause serious policy implications, thus, highlights the
Developing strong, evidence-based, counter-arguments need for a national policy for implementation of the FCTC
is critical to challenge PMI’s lobbying of Australian Article 5.3.
politicians, legislators and the public. These counter- Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A65
arguments also equip legislators with knowledge and DOI: 10.18332/tid/140932
evidence to ensure existing e-cigarette regulations remain
unchallenged by the interests of PMI and Big Tobacco in Advocacy to stop tobacco industry interference
general. The public health sector can, therefore, use these in Bangladesh
findings to inform a decisive stance about these products Sharmin Akter1, Syeda Anonna Rahman1, Syed Mahbubul Alam2,
and provide vital evidence-based information to the public Aminul Islam Sujon3
36
1
Work for a Better Bangladesh Trust, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2The British American Tobacco Bangladesh (BATB) and 5 top
Union, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 3National Tobacco Control Cell, Dhaka, level government officials are sitting Board of Directors of
Bangladesh BATB. So, TI interference is massive which derail tobacco
[email protected]
control initiatives in Bangladesh.
Introduction Objectives
Bangladesh signed and ratified WHO Framework Work for a Better Bangladesh (WBB) Trust aimed at
Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) and passed its educating, awaking and sensitizing anti-tobacco activists,
national law in 2005 that amended in 2013, but there is no media, academia, researchers and policy makers.
guideline on implementation of the FCTC article 5.3. So Therefore, WBB Trust chronologically document and
tobacco control and public health intervention and other expose TI interferences in Bangladesh.
concerned government programs are un-protected from Methods
interferences of the Tobacco Industries (TI). Violation of WBB Trust collected and scanned public documents from
the tobacco control law by the tobacco industry’s itself is 2005 to 2018 from newspapers, TI’s annual reports and
rampant in Bangladesh. websites available in Bangladesh. Information regarding
Objectives direct or indirect influences of TI’s were scrutinized and
To promote the importance of guideline on the selected. Additionally, key informant interviews were taken
implementation of the WHO FCTC Article 5.3 that protect from experts working on tobacco control in Bangladesh,
tobacco control, public health and other concerned civil societies and government.
government intervention from TI’s interferences. Results
Methods Some Ministries such as Finance (including National
WBB Trust responds quickly as soon as the interference Board of Revenue), Agriculture, Industries, Commerce
of TI’s became public. WBB Trust also ally with various and Law were known with TI interferences. But this study
government and non-government experts and activists found TI interferences are beyond imagination. Almost
to track and report the on the TI’s violations of law and all sectors of the government directly or indirectly,
interferences. Along with anti tobacco organizations, WBB knowingly or unknowingly influenced by the TI’s. At least
Trust organized human chain programs, demonstrations, 20 Ministries are hugely influenced by TIs during last 13
letter campaigns, seminars, press conferences and met years. Particularly, passage of tobacco control law and
concerned government officials countrywide to inform Rules and its amendment, introducing graphical health
about the obligation of WHO FCTC including article 5.3. warnings were also delayed.
Out of total 8 divisions, 5 divisional commissioners The industry interference is out of imagination. So, we
(administrative head at divisional level) of Bangladesh need to track and monitor every issue regularly. Besides,
issued letter to stop industry interferences. Mayor of Dhaka we need to sensitize policy makers and make them aware
South City Corporation refused to attend the meeting of the issues. The most important fact is finalization of
organized by tobacco industry. The University Grants FCTC guideline and emphasis the fact in national law.
Commission (UGC, controlling authority of the all public Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A67
and private university) issued a notice to stop to organize DOI: 10.18332/tid/140944
programs to motivate youths to consume tobacco on the
banner of BAT\'s Battle of Mind. And National Tobacco
Tobacco advertisement, sales, product displays,
Control Cell (NTCC) committed to prepare a guideline on
FCTC article 5.3 implementation to stop tobacco industry and purchase incentives around kindergartens,
interference. primary, and secondary schools in Sri Lanka
Geethani Niwarthana1, Supun Lahiru Prakash2, Palitha Abeykoon1
Conclusion(s) 1
National Authority on Tobacco and Alcohol, Battaramulla, Sri
Tobacco industries uses money to interfere tobacco Lanka, 2Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine,
control initiatives and civil societies working with moral Colombo, Sri Lanka
courage. This is fundamental distinction. This is necessary Introduction
to continue track and monitor TI’s and their activities. Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A66 worldwide and over 20000 people die due to tobacco-
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140939 related illnesses annually in Sri Lanka. According to
the global youth tobacco survey 2015 among youth 3.7%
The influence of tobacco companies, delay in reported current tobacco use, 1.7% (males 3.2% and
overall tobacco control program females 0.2% ) reported currently smoking tobacco, 1.5%
Syeda Anonna Rahman1, Aminul Islam Sujon2, Saifuddin Ahmed1, reported currently smoking cigarettes, and 2.4% reported
Syed Mahbubul Alam3, Nawshin Bashir1, Md. Abu Rayhan1 using smokeless tobacco in the last 30 days. In Sri Lanka, a
1
Work for a Better Bangladesh Trust, Dhaka, Bangladesh,
number of programs have been initiated to raise awareness
2
National Tobacco Control Cell, Health Services Division, Ministry
of Health and Family Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 3The Union,
of the dangers of tobacco smoking directly target the youth,
Dhaka, Bangladesh but tobacco company uses many strategies to recruit youth
[email protected] as their customers.
Introduction Objectives
As a signatory country of WHO Framework Convention This study aims to tackle the tobacco industry strategies
on Tobacco Control (FCTC), and ratified this legally targeting youths and use this data for policy measures;
binding international public health treaty, Bangladesh especially, to ban all the tobacco products selling within
is obligated to follow its Articles. Among others, Article 500m from the school and other primary and secondary
5.3 is key measure to protect public health from Tobacco educational institutions.
Industries (TI) and their collaborators. On the other hand, Methods
government of Bangladesh owned about 10% share at the Tiny Targets field agents were equipped with a mobile
reporting form to document instances of tobacco
37
companies advertising, selling, displaying, or incentivizing The government should stay firm with its decision on SP
the sale of tobacco products within a 500m radius from 500 emulating Thailand (2019) and Singapore (2020) and not
schools in 10 districts in Sri Lanka. Data gathered from the succumb to TI pressure, as they will continue to thwart any
Kobo Toolbox was then mapped using MapBox, an open- tobacco control efforts.
source mapping platform for custom designed maps. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A69
Field Agents recorded 1000 instances of 6 tobacco brands
being sold, advertised, or displayed. Of these, brands with The influence factors of Thai national tobacco
the most instances observed near schools and playgrounds control policy response of the tobacco farmers
were Gold Leaf (156 instances), Dunhill (93 instances), and Thanapauge Chamaratana1, Buapun Promphakping1, Ninlawadee
John player (22 instances). All of these are owned by the Promphakping1, Pornpen Somaboot1, Kritsada Phatchaney1
multinational tobacco company, British American Tobacco 1
Department of Social Development, Faculty of Humanities and
Company. Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
Sri Lankan children are subjected to a wide array of tobacco Introduction
industry strategies near their schools that encourage Over two decades of tobacco control policy in Thailand,
lifelong tobacco addiction. Several laws are in place to it is considered a progress and has a clear effect on the
help curb the tobacco epidemic in Sri Lanka, but there are national tobacco control. However, most policies have
several gaps in the law that put Sri Lankan children at risk. focused on price measures to control the consumers. A
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A68 study of the effects of tobacco control policy on tobacco
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140949 industrial and tobacco farmers, who are the headwater of
tobacco production, is still limited. This article presents a
new aspect of this issue.
Tobacco industry torpedoed standardized
Objectives
packaging plans in Malaysia The objective of this paper was to investigate the influence
Tan Yen Lian1
1
Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance, Bangkok, Thailand factors of Thai national tobacco policy response of the
[email protected] tobacco farmer household.
Malaysia planned to strengthen its pictorial health warning The survey was conducted using quantitative data with a
(PHW) regulations implemented since 2009 by announcing sample of 400 households of tobacco farmers, who were
the standardized packaging (SP) proposal on 24 February obtained by clustering sampling and divided by regional
2016. It is to reduce brand recognition with standardized groups. The research area was the production sites
colors and fonts, ultimately reducing overall consumption. according to the major varieties of tobacco plants and
However, a month later, the Health Minister withheld the market sources from Phrae, Phetchabun, Nong Khai and
implementation date until public consultations with the Roi Et. Data collection was conducted using the interview
tobacco companies on intellectual property rights (IPR) is method as per the interview form. Data were analyzed using
done. Since then there has been no concrete plan on this descriptive statistics, chi-square and logistic regression.
policy. Results
Objectives The results indicated that the area of cultivation, the
The paper aims to analyse common arguments and tactics resident area, and the number of neighbors who are
by TI and its front groups undermining government efforts farmers planting tobacco together were the three main
to adopt SP measure. factors relating to the level of response to the Thai National
Methods Tobacco Policy with statistical significance at the level of
Keywords were used to retrieve all online news articles 0.05.
related to SP measures in Malaysia via Google search Conclusion(s)
engine. A content analysis identifying a thematic agenda The results indicated that the area of cultivation, the
was employed to identify pro-TI arguments against the SP resident area, and the number of neighbors who are
proposal. farmers planting tobacco together are the three main
Results factors relating to the level of response to the Thai National
The analysis found various industry tactics and arguments Tobacco Policy with statistical significance at the level of
were used against the SP proposal. These included the 0.05.
Confederation of Malaysian tobacco manufacturers Funding
claiming negative impacts on standardized packaging This paper is a part research titled “Factors of the
through (1) infringement on Malaysia’s obligations National Tobacco Control Policies Response of the Tobacco
under several international agreements; (2) the use of Farmers” and was supported by Tobacco Control Research
trademarks and intellectual property rights (IPR) in other and Knowledge Management Centre (TRC).
industries; (3) jeopardising Malaysia as an investment Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A70
destination; and (4) massive increase in illegal cigarettes DOI: 10.18332/tid/140955
trade. On other fronts, the ASEAN Intellectual Property
Association lobbied the health minister claiming that SP Heated global market trends of tobacco
is a "major curtailment of IPR with negative impacts"; the products
Institute for Democracy and Economic Affairs conducted Deepa Katara1
an international campaign against SP; and the Property
1
NCD care foundation, Hyderabad, India
Rights Alliance wrote a letter to the editor claiming that SP [email protected]
is a direct attack on economic freedom, preventing TI from Introduction
using their trademarks on cigarette packs. Tobacco products market is segmented on the basis of
Conclusion(s) type, application, and geography. By type, the market is
38
segmented into cigarettes, cigars and cigarillos, smoking, been increased over 3 years period (from 20.7% to 31.7%;
and others. By application, the market is divided into p<0.001). Among high school students that percentages
hypermarkets/supermarkets, convenience stores, and have not been changed significantly (p>0.05). What is
small tobacco shops in houses. Geographically, the market more, the prevalence of current smoking of traditional
is in Altria, Britain, America, Japan, India, North America, cigarettes was stable among secondary school students
Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, the Middle East and and increased among youth from high schools (from
Africa. 25.1% to 27.9%; p <0.05). Among the younger students the
Objectives decrement in dual use (smoking of traditional cigarettes
To know the global tobacco products market by pinpointing and e-cigarettes use) has been noted (from 40.6% to 16.8%;
its many subsegments, to profile the important players and p<0.001) whereas among the older boys the increasing
analyze their growth plans, and to examine competitive pattern of dual use has been identified (45.7% vs. 56.8%
progress such as expansions, arrangements, new product p<0.01%).
launches, and acquisitions in the market. Conclusion(s)
Methods E-cigarette and tobacco use is widespread in the
Methods are very easy just we need to take help of below investigated population. There is a need for further
mentioned peoples and organisation and ask them to give research and preventive measures to protect the youth
data on market trends of tobacco market players, raw from that exposure.
material suppliers and distributors, industrial research Funding
consultants, government and regional agencies and This study was supported by the Local Government of
other regulatory bodies, technology investors, original the Piotrkowski District (grant number: AZ-I.033.2.2014),
equipment manufacturers (OEMs), research institutes and Medical University of Lodz (grant no. 503/6-024-01/503-
organizations. 66-001. The funding bodies had no role in the design of the
Results study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of the
The research study analyzes the tobacco products industry data, and in writing the manuscript.
from 360-degree analysis of the market thoroughly Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A72
delivering insights into the market for better business DOI: 10.18332/tid/140961
decisions, considering multiple aspects some of which
are listed below as: recent developments market overview Sociodemographic factors associated with use
and growth analysis import and export overview volume of various tobacco products among Indonesian
analysis. women: Finding from Indonesia Demographic
Conclusion(s)
and Health Surveys 2017
Products market considering competitive landscape, Edward Sutanto1, Maciej L. Goniewicz1
current market trends, and key driving factors. The 1
Department of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive
analysis covers global tobacco products market and its Cancer Center, Buffalo, United States
advancements across different industry verticals as well [email protected]
as regions. It targets estimating the current market size Introduction
and growth potential of the global tobacco products market While there is high diversity of tobacco products across
across sections such as application and representatives. countries, most studies have focused on cigarettes
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A71 smoking among men in high-income countries. Little is
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140958 known about patterns of tobacco use, including smokeless
form, among women in low- and middle-income countries
Trends of e-cigarettes and tobacco use among in Asia.
secondary and high school students from Objectives
Poland over three years observation To estimate the prevalence of various tobacco products use
Dorota Kaleta1, Kinga Polanska1 among Indonesian women and explore sociodemographic
1
Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University factors associated with tobacco use.
of Lodz, Lodz, Poland Methods
[email protected] Data were analyzed from the latest Indonesia Demographic
Introduction and Health Surveys (2017). We estimated weighted
Since electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) became available prevalence for different forms of tobacco use among
on the market, they have gained unexpectedly a large woman in reproductive age aged 15 to 49 (n=49627) and
popularity, especially among young people. compared to estimates among married men aged 15
Objectives to 54 (n=10009). Weighted multiple logistic regression
The aim of current study was to evaluate the trends of examined association between sociodemographic factors
e-cigarettes and tobacco use over the 3 years period and tobacco use among Indonesian women.
among youth from Poland. Results
Methods The prevalence of overall tobacco use among Indonesian
A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2014/2015 women was 2.6% [95%CI 2.4%-2.8%] compared to 72.3%
(N=3552) and 2017/2018 (N=2509) among secondary [71.2%-73.3%] among men. Among female tobacco users,
and high school students from Piotrkowski district. The as well as male, cigarette was the most commonly used
anonymous, self-administered questionnaire adapted tobacco product (83.8% [81.6%-85.8%] vs. 99.4% [99.2%-
from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey was implemented 99.5%], respectively). Chewing tobacco with betel quid, a
to collect data. form of loose smokeless tobacco, was more popular among
Results female tobacco users than male (13.0% [11.2%-15.0%] vs.
Despite the amendment of Tobacco Control Act regulating 8.1% [5.9%-10.9%], respectively). Female smokers smoked
e-cigarette use among youth, the percentages of the on average 6 (IQR: 3-12) cigarettes per day and most of
secondary school girls who currently use that products has
39
them smoked less than daily (57.4% [53.8%-60.9%]). Older Shisha smoking engagement dynamics of
age, lower education, living in poorer household, and urban Chinese young adults: A constructivist grounded
residence were associated with higher odds of tobacco use theory study
among Indonesian women. Jung Jae Lee1, Karly Cheuk-Yin Yeung2, Man Ping Wang1
Conclusion(s) 1
School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,
In 2017, the prevalence of tobacco use among Indonesian Hong Kong SAR PRC, 2Department of Psychology, University of
women was lower than men. Chewing tobacco with betel Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
quid was more popular among female tobacco users. [email protected]
Distinct sociodemographic factors identified underscore Introduction
the need of a tailored approach for tobacco control Notwithstanding the imposed risks to health, shisha
measures aimed for women. smoking (SS) has gained popularity among the young
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A73 adults in Hong Kong (HK). According to our previous
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140965 survey (N=1288), 23.8% of HK university students had
ever smoked shisha, while only 21.1% had ever smoked
Tobacco-product use by youths and young adults cigarettes. Despite its growing prevalence, SS dynamics
amongst Chinese young adults in the HK context are poorly
in India in 2016 and 2017
Jeby Jose Olickal1, Palanivel Chinnakali1, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar1,
understood.
Sadhana Subramanian1, Arunima Sen2, Namita Patel1 Objectives
1
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal As smoking behaviours are shaped by ethnic and/or socio-
Institute of Postgraduate Medicine and Research, Puducherry, cultural contexts, this study aimed to explore Chinese
India, 2Independent researcher young adults’ dynamics of SS engagement using the
[email protected] theoretical framework of Health Brief Model.
Apart from cigarette, noncigarette tobacco products are A constructivist grounded theory approach was adopted.
also getting popularity in India. Between May and October 2019, 49 Chinese young adults
Objectives aged from 18 to 28 years and smoked shisha in the past
To estimate the prevalence of different tobacco products 30 days, were recruited through purposive sampling
used by young Indians. for semi-structured in-depth interviews. All interview
Methods data were analysed using three coding methods; initial,
We did a secondary data analysis of GATS 2016-17 survey focused, and theoretical coding. NVivo 12 was used for
India, to estimate the prevalence of 13 types of tobacco data management.
products among youths (<18 years of age) and young Results
adults (18-24 years of age). A total of 74037 individuals Three major dynamics of SS engagement were identified:
participated in the survey; among them, 12105 were aged 1) young adult’s socio-demographical characteristics (risk-
≤ 24 years. Participants were asked about their use of taking behaviour, need for relatedness, need for autonomy,
cigarettes, rolled tobacco in paper or leaf, bidis, cigar/ peer influence, and a lack of policy and education); 2)
cheroots/cigarillos, hukkah, electronic cigarettes, water perception on SS (perceived severity [normalisation of
pipe tobacco, betel quid with tobacco, khaini/tobacco lime SS], perceived susceptibility [misconception of low health
mixture, mawa (gutka,areca nut-tobacco lime mixture), risks], perceived barriers [expensive cost of SS and social
paan masala, nasal snuffs and oral tobacco use as mishi, bias of smoking] and perceived benefits [socialisation,
qul, gudakhu. The prevalence estimates of use for each relaxation and sense of adulthood through SS]); and 3)
tobacco product were assessed based on current use (use cue to SS engagement (social gathering, drinking at bars,
in the previous 30 days) and demographic subgroup. curiosity, and mood). The participants constructed positive
Results perception on SS, based on the socio-demographical
Every one-sixth [15% (95% CI 13.8%-16.3%)] of young characteristics, and the cue factors triggered them to
adults were current users of at least one type of tobacco engage SS.
product in 2016 and 2017 and 11% of them were daily Conclusion(s)
users. A total of 5.9 % (95% CI 3.6%-5.5%) of youths had Through understanding of SS engagement dynamics in
used a tobacco product in the previous 30 days; 3.5% of the HK context, health professionals can develop effective
youths were daily users. Around 26% (95% CI 22.6%- health promotion strategies to improve awareness of
30.8%) of current tobacco users, young adults, and youths SS health risks. Policy makers can additionally initiate
together, used multiple tobacco products. Betel quid with shisha-specific regulations to denormalise SS to achieve
tobacco plus khaini or tobacco lime mixture was the most the tobacco endgame in HK.
common combination (14.5%) followed by cigarette plus Funding
bidis (11.5%). Young adults, male gender, rural residency, The authors received a research grant from the Hong Kong
primary or below education and living in northeastern part Council on Smoking and Health (COSH), for the conduct of
of India reported significantly higher use of tobacco than the study.
their counterparts. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A75
Conclusion(s) DOI: 10.18332/tid/140998
During this study more than one-tenth individuals aged 24
years or less were current users of tobacco; 16% in young Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS):
adults and 6% in youths. Around one fourth were using Threats for youth, challenges and way forward
multiple products. Md. Bazlur Rahman1, Md. Mohiuddin1, Shameem Haider Patwary1,
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A74 Farhana Zaman1, Syed Mahbubul Alam2
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140968 1
Tobacco Control and Research Cell, Dhaka International
University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2International Union Against
Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Bangladesh
40
[email protected] and their 95% CI. The multinomial logistic regression

Introduction was used to explain the relationship between dependent
Currently 37.8 million peoples are using tobacco in variable and independent variables.
Bangladesh. Current user of electronic cigarettes in Results
Bangladesh is 0.2 %. Overall 66.2 % adults both men and The results showed the prevalence of current smokeless
women current use tobacco but thinking about quitting tobacco use remained unchanged from 2.2% (95%CI: 2.0,
(GATS-2017). Those who are trying to quite tobacco, 2.4) in 2001 to 2.1% in 2018 (95%CI: 1.9, 2.4). The average
tobacco industry are trying to convert or motivate them to age at initiation decreased significantly, from 33.7 years
use electronic cigarette. (95%CI: 32.8, 34.7) to 30.9 years (95%CI: 29.6, 32.3). Six
Objectives variables including sex, age, educational level, region,
The Objectives of the study were to identify the import, residence, and socioeconomic status in the 2018 survey
promotion & distribution policy and find out the challenges were used to explain a smokeless tobacco use 40%.
to regulate the e-cigarette in Bangladesh. The first three groups with highest opportunity to use
Methods smokeless tobacco were those who aged 60 years and over
15 big e-cigarette shops in 4 market area in Dhaka city were (AOR 20.8, 95%CI: 13.0, 33.2), living in the northeastern
purposively selected and Semi-structured Questioner was region (AOR 5.1, 95%CI: 3.1, 8.3), and graduated at the
used collect the primary. Observed 25 website and in-depth highest level with less than the junior secondary school
interview were used to collect qualitative information. (AOR 4.6, 95%CI: 3.3, 6.5).
The study results show that: Before 2018 there was no legal The findings indicated that smokeless tobacco users were
order but now the industry import under the Bangladesh the disadvantaged people and situation of smokeless
Government Gazettes 2018 (edited), Law number 22, tobacco use remained the same. Therefore, developing
Heading No 38.24 (Tobacco industry hide all information a policy, provide the right information, and help quitting
intentionally and include in the gazettes) - E-cigarette should initiative seriously and well design for increasing
shops are situated nearby university area that targeted accessible to the target group.
youth. - Two way sales- one is direct sales and secondly Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A77
they use online shopping system. - Market has been rapidly DOI: 10.18332/tid/141006
expanding using aggressive marketing tactics. - Existing law
does not properly cover E-Cigarette as a tobacco product. - Positive perceptions of heated tobacco products
E-cigarettes and nicotine are regularly promoted as safe to were associated with weaker support for their
their own web pages and displayed picture and video with regulations: A population-based cross-sectional
details. - Tobacco industry has some fixed doctors, who
survey in Hong Kong
suggests intentionally to the patient (tobacco user) to use Yongda Wu1, Ping Hei Lee1, Derek Yee Tak Cheung1, Sai Yin Ho2,
e-cigarette as nicotine replacement therapy. Antonio Kwong3, Vienna Lai3, Tai Hing Lam2, Man Ping Wang1
Conclusion(s) 1
Bangladesh is the first signatory country of FCTC Hong Kong SAR PRC, 2School of Public Health, The University
but still now e-cigarette is un-regulated product and of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC, 3Hong Kong
Tobacco Control Law has no specific definition regarding Council on Smoking and Health, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC
e-cigarette that’s why the company aggressively marketing [email protected]
their products. So, Government should ban importing and Introduction
amendment the law. Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are promoted as less
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A76 harmful than cigarettes and helpful for quitting cigarettes,
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141000 which may erode public support for HTP control policies.
Objectives
Trends and factors related smokeless tobacco To investigate the association of positive perceptions of
HTPs with support for HTP regulations.
use among Thai population
Saroj Nakju1, Saranya Benjakul2
Methods
1
Faculty of Public Health, Ramkamhaeng University, Bangkok, A landline survey using random-digit-dialing was
Thailand, 2Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, conducted in Hong Kong (HK) in 2018. Among 5132 Chinese-
Thailand speaking respondents aged 15+, perceived relative harm
[email protected] of HTPs (vs. cigarettes) was analyzed as “less/slightly
Introduction less harmful” vs. “similarly/slightly more/more harmful”
All types of tobacco products have not different the health (“Don’t know” responses were excluded). Perceived HTPs
hazards. However, the smokeless tobacco use has ignored as helpful for quitting cigarettes (yes/no) was recorded.
from the scope of policy-making, provide information on Support (yes/no) for 5 individual policies and a total
smokeless tobacco use, and cessation service. ban on HTPs was examined. Oversampling of current
Objectives (N=1712) and ex-smokers (N=1707) were controlled by
The retrospective study aimed to study the situation and weighting according to the sex, age, and smoking status
trends of smokeless tobacco use and factors related distribution of HK adults in 2018. Adjusted odds ratios
smokeless tobacco use. (AORs) of supporting HTP regulations (individual policies,
Methods all 5 policies, at least 1 policy, total ban) in relation to
The samples were Thai population aged 15 years and positive perceptions of HTPs were calculated by multiple
over. Those were interviewed in the smoking and alcohol logistic regressions, adjusting for sex, age, educational
drinking survey conducted by National Statistical Offices attainment, monthly household income, having children,
in 2011 and 2018. A multi-stage, geographically clustered smoking status and ever HTP use.
sampling design was used to collect data. Complex survey Results
data analysis was performed to obtain the estimate data Among 1368 respondents who were aware of HTPs, 32.3%
41
perceived HTPs as less harmful and 21.1% perceived HCFs. All HCFs were free from tobacco advertisement.
HTPs helpful for quitting cigarettes. Support for individual Conclusion(s)
policies (ranged from 74.5% to 96.2%) was higher than that In Dhaka city very few government HCFs are tobacco free.
of a total ban (46.9%). Perceived HTPs as less harmful was Attention to cessation clinic, increase awareness among
associated with less support for “ban promotions and ads” staff, patients and attending persons can help to ensure
(AOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.36-0.68), “ban use in smokefree areas” tobacco free HCFs.
(0.53, 0.34-0.82), “ban sales to minors” (0.50, 0.25-0.98), Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A79
all 5 policies (0.69, 0.53-0.92), at least 1 policy (0.11, 0.01- DOI: 10.18332/tid/141008
0.95) and “total ban” (0.57, 0.43-0.77). Similar negative
associations were observed for perceived HTPs as helpful Factors affecting secondhand smoke exposure
for quitting cigarettes. avoidance behavior of nursing students
Conclusion(s) Araya Chiangkhong1, Chet Ratchadapunnathikul2, Bootsakon
Positive perceptions of HTPs were associated with weaker Seaharattanapatum1
support for HTP regulations in HK adults. 1
Kuakarun Faculty of Nursing, Navamindradhiraj University,
Funding Bangkok, Thailand, 2Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities,
Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health. Mahidol University, Thailand
[email protected]
Introduction
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141007
Secondhand smoking is the inhalation of smoke by a
nonsmoker. As with most nursing students had been
Tobacco free government health care facilities: victims of secondhand smoking exposure.
Compliance scenario of a capital/ metropolitan Objectives
city The purpose of this study was to investigate factors
Sohel Reza Choudhury1, Ahmad Khairul Abrar1,2, Mohammad affecting the avoidance behavior of secondhand smoke
Abdullah Al Mamun1, Sheikh Mohammad Mahbubus Sobhan1,
among nursing students.
Lylun Naher1, Mahamudul Hasan1, Sharf Uddin Ahmed Choudhury1,
Shariful Alam3, Ataur Rahman3 Methods
1
Department of Epidemiology and Research, National Heart The theory of triadic influence was used as a research
Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh, framework. This study was collect the data via
2
Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Preventive questionnaires from 170 nursing students with multi-stage
and Social Medicine, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 3Campaign for Tobacco sampling in Dusit district, Bangkok. Data were analyzed
Free Kids, Dhaka, Bangladesh by using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and
[email protected] multiple regression analysis.
Exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke increases risk of The results showed that the majority of samples were
non-communicable diseases. Globally 1.2 million deaths female (84.0%), freshman nursing students (22.5%), and
of non-smokers are attributed to secondhand smoking. secondhand smoke exposure avoidance behavior at a high
According to global Adult Tobacco Survey Bangladesh, score (Mean = 3.38). In addition, the multiple regression
2017, 12.7% of adult populations visiting health care analysis indicated that intrapersonal influences factors
facilities (HCF) are exposed to secondhand smoke. (perceived the benefits of avoiding secondhand smoke,
Objectives perceived susceptibility of secondhand smoke, and
This compliance survey was carried out to explain current perceived severity of secondhand smoke) (Beta = .187; p
situation of government HCFs to make them tobacco free. =.003), interpersonal social influences factors (smoking
Methods control norms, against smoking in society and opinions
A cross-sectional study was conducted in April, 2019 about the tobacco industry) (Beta = .165; p < 0.05).
among all of the government HCFs of Dhaka City. Among Conclusion(s)
the facilities under study, 21 were outdoor clinics and The recommendations from this study are the frequency
30 were hospitals having inpatient facility. Trained field of media information exposure which is the best factor to
research assistants observed HCF buildings and premises predict secondhand smoke exposure avoidance behavior
at pick working hours for evidence of smoking and of nursing students. Consequently, the future work should
smokeless tobacco use. They also assessed the display develop media information related to secondhand smoke
of anti-tobacco signage, provision of support for quitting exposure avoidance, such as the benefits of avoiding
and presence of tobacco product sell points in and around secondhand smoke, susceptibility of secondhand smoke,
the HCF. severity of secondhand smoke, and also the situation of
Results smoke-free public areas. These will lead to improving
In one-third of HCFs smoking was observed and in two- secondhand smoke exposure avoidance behavior.
third cigarette butt was found. Odor of smoke was found Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A80
in 18% of HCF. Overall evidence of smoking was observed DOI: 10.18332/tid/141009
in 71% of HCFs. Consumption of smokeless tobacco was
observed in 45% of HCF. Tobacco consumption was almost
Policy for sustainable, safe and tobacco smoke-
three times higher in hospitals having inpatient facilities
than outdoor clinics. Anti-tobacco signage were found
free environment
Deepa Katara1
to be displayed in 55% of HCF. Half of the signage was 1
NCD Care Foundation, Hyderabad, India
compliant to existing law. Signage compliance was more [email protected]
in hospitals. Cessation clinic was present in one hospital Introduction
only, but counseling service is provided from 29% of HCF. As a country, we are committed to providing a safe, clean
Tobacco products were found to be sold in 14% HCF and and healthy working environment for all of our citizens. We
point of sale was present just outside the boundary of 80% are also committed to promoting the health and wellbeing
42
of our society. Our policy is not meant to "make" anyone data on tobacco consumption. The data was entered in
quit. If anyone quits, it is a good thing. Our policy has two Microsoft excel sheet. Descriptive statistics was done
goals: to ensure that all citizens and person from other using SPSS software version 20.
country benefit from a smoke-free environment, healthy Results
air environment and stop passive smoking. All 603 subjects were males. The mean age of the
Objectives participants was 35.01(±8.77). Totally, n=197(32.67%)
The smoke-free policy has been developed to ensure that subjects reported smoking habit. Of those who reported
we provide a working environment that is conducive to the of smoking habit, cigarette smoking was reported by
health and wellbeing for the general public. Therefore, n=172(87.2%) subjects. Bidi smoking was reported by
the policy will apply to all elected members, governors, n=25(12.8%) subjects. None of the smokers reported of
school visitors, or contractors working on any council using smokeless form of tobacco.
owned premises and visitors to premises. Conclusion(s)
Methods High prevalence of tobacco smoking was observed among
The policy will apply in all over the country which includes the workers. Combined and organized initiatives by the
working areas, i.e., offices, buildings, public places, store health care professionals, management and the people
rooms, commonly shared areas corridors, lifts, stairs, should be taken to reduce the tobacco consumption.
dining areas and toilets, training rooms, meeting rooms, Common risk factor approach and behavior counseling
basements/cellars, kitchens, and enclosed areas of can be advocated to change their attitude towards tobacco
building sites. Responsibility for the implementation of consumption. To start tobacco cessation clinics to aid the
the smoke-free policy lies with all line managers including workers in cessation of tobacco consumption. To advertise
supervisors together with the most senior member of staff about the ill effects of tobacco by displaying pictures and
and to offer encouragement to employees to access the information in public area and work places.
advice and support facilities available offices. All schools Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A82
will also be smoke-free. DOI: 10.18332/tid/141011
Results
Smoking cessation. With the support of the public Health Patient perception and compliance to tobacco
and Safety Unit and the Primary Care Trust, smoking free hospital: An exploratory innovative
cessation therapy is available. Support is offered in approach
a variety of ways from group sessions to one-to-one Surbhi Kapoor1, Vikrant Mohanty1, Aswini Yb1, Shivam Kapoor1
support. As part of this smoking cessation, support letters 1
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute
are provided for each individual general practitioner to of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
assist in obtaining drug therapy on prescription patches, [email protected]
chewing, to stop passive smoking. Introduction
Conclusion(s) Tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health
It will continue to monitor the operation of this policy and problem. The environment is at the mercy of poisonous
review this policy every two years. air pollutants by the cigarette smoke. Smokeless tobacco
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A81 usage tend to stain the public places by spit and products
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141010 packet discarded as waste. Healthcare facilities form the
backbone of health system. Cleanliness and hygiene in
Prevalence of tobacco consumption among coal hospitals are critical. We bring an innovative approach to
mine workers in Neyveli Lignite Corporation, make our hospitals tobacco free.
Objectives
Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India
M. Dinesh Dhamodhar1, P. D. Madan Kumar2, Shyam Sivasamy3, Perception and compliance to tobacco free hospital among
I. Nanda Balan4 tobacco users and key observers visiting a tertiary care
1
Department of Public Health Dentistry, SRM Dental College, dental hospital in India using security guards.
Tamil Nadu, India, 2Department of Public Health Dentistry, Ragas Methods
Dental College and Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India, 3Department of An exploratory study was conducted in dental hospital for
Public Health Dentistry, Meenakshi Dental College and Hospital, duration of two months; baseline assessment followed
Tamil Nadu, India, 4Madha Dental College and Hospital, Tamil by structured training of security guards (n-25) regarding
Nadu, India
various sections of Cigarette and Other Tobacco Product
[email protected]
Act was conducted. All the patients and attendants (key
Introduction
observers) entering hospital premises were screened for
Occupational environment has been associated with the
tobacco products by security guards. If found carrying
tobacco use. Studies have documented the prevalence
any form of tobacco products, they were confiscated.
of tobacco consumption among subjects in various
This was followed by a questionnaire based interview of
occupation. Though, there is a dearth of literature on
tobacco users (n-223) and key observers who witnessed
prevalence of tobacco consumption among coal mine
the event (n-107) regarding this tobacco control measure.
workers.
The questionnaire included tobacco consumption pattern,
Objectives
appropriateness of the act, tobacco legislations and
To assess the prevalence of tobacco consumption among
motivation to quit.
coal mine workers in Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu, India.
Results
Methods
33.6% of those from whom tobacco packet was confiscated
A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted
and 50% key observers were aware of tobacco control
among 603 coal mine workers in Cuddalore District.
measures in public places. 69.2% of patients of from whom
Simple random sampling method was employed to recruit
tobacco packets were confiscated and more than three
the subjects. Informed consent was obtained from the
fourth of the key observers felt that the act of taking away of
participants. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect
tobacco will deter the use of tobacco leading to reduction in
43
consumption rates. 40 patients availed tobacco cessation implementation of the current smoke-free legislation in
services of the hospital. Qingdao.
Conclusion(s) Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A84
Creation of tobacco free public places like parks, bus DOI: 10.18332/tid/141013
stops, hospitals is one of the key control measures if
implemented well can demonstrate a health promotive Realization of 100% smoke-free jail facility
environment for all. through will and drive
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A83 Marie Charyll H. Jamolo1, Gilbert D. Peremne1, Ruth G. Estales1
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141012 1
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology - Region 6, Republic
of the Philippines, Iloilo City, Philippines
Implementation matters: Assessment [email protected]
Introduction
of Qingdao’s smoke-free legislation on
The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology in Region 6,
hospitalizations and mortality of cardiovascular Philippines is catering an average of 9000 Persons Deprived
diseases of Liberty in the custody of its 37 jails in six provinces of
Hong Xiao1, Xia Wan2, Fei Qi3, Xiaorong Jia3, Yani Wang3, Hua
the region. Sad to note that 80% of the PDL are smokers.
Zhang3, Shanpeng Li3, Gonghuan Yang4, Mohsen Naghavi1
1
Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Some are already smoking before their detention and
Washington, Seattle, United States, 2Department of Epidemiology some used and learn to smoke during their detention to
and Health Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, counter boredom. In this challenging scenario, the health
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Republic of status of the PDL smokers, even non-smokers, and the
China, 3Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and personnel is at risk.
Prevention, Qingdao, Methods
People's Republic of China, 4School of Basic Medicine, Peking The following strategies were done to address the
Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
challenges: 1) Organized the BJMP Anti-Smoking and
[email protected]
Wellness Advocacy Task Force and Anti-Smoking and
Introduction
Wellness Advocacy Program. 2) The task force and the
Over 20 cities in China have enacted local smoke-free
program advocates joint efforts to reach out for jail nurses
laws or regulations that prohibit smoking in public places.
or personnel taking charge of the health concerns of the
However, only two of these smoke-free cities, Hong
PDL. They were oriented to align all their efforts and
Kong and Tianjin, have examined the health impact of
compliance in relation to the MPOWER parameters.
the law. Enacted in August 2013, Qingdao’s smoke-free-
Results
law was stricter than most other municipal smoke-free
100% compliance of smoke-free environment, broken
laws because it closed the loophole allowing designated
down as follows: • 1 unit as recipient of Red Orchid Hall
smoking rooms.
of Fame Award (ROHFA) in 2014; • 2 units as recipients of
Objectives
ROHFA in 2016; • Regional Office as recipient of ROHFA in
To estimate the health impact of the smoke-free legislation
2017; • 1 unit as recipient of ROHFA in 2018; • 2 units as
in Qingdao and to explore reasons for the disparity in the
recipients of ROHFA in 2019; • 21 units as recipients of Red
magnitude of the effect across smoke-free cities in China.
Orchid Award (ROA) for 2nd time in 2019; and • 10 units as
Methods
recipients of ROA for the 1st time in 2019.
A study with interrupted time-series design with
Conclusion(s)
adjustment for underlying secular trend, seasonal pattern,
For the BJMP Regional Office VI to attain 100% Smoke-
meteorology factors was conducted to determine the impact
free Jail Facility or 37 out 37 jails truly complying the DOH
of the smoke-free law on acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
MPOWER parameters, with the Regional Office at the
and stroke events among permanent residents aged 35
forefront being a Hall of Famer in this advocacy, really
years or older in Qingdao, China. Outcome measures were
requires both will and drive.
the weekly number of hospitalizations and deaths due to
AMI and stroke derived from electronic medical records
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141014
and an all-cause mortality surveillance system. The study
period was from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2015, with
a post-ban follow-up of about two and a half years. Assessing compliance to tobacco control law: A
Results base line survey in 10 districts of Bangladesh
Following the smoke-free legislation, an incremental 20% Md. Farhadur Reza1, Aminul Islam1, Md. Khairul Alam Shiekh1,
Syed Mahbubul Alam2
(95% CI: 14%-26%) decrease in the trend per year was 1
National Tobacco Control Cell, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2The Union,
observed in AMI admissions. Gradual reductions in AMI Dhaka, Bangladesh
admissions were found in both younger and older age [email protected]
groups. A 6% (95% CI: 1%-12%) and 13% (95% CI: 8%- Introduction
18%) annual decrease in AMI mortality rate and stroke In Bangladesh, according to ‘Smoking and Tobacco
admissions among those aged between 65 and 84 years Products Usage (Control) Act 2005 (Amendment 2013)’
was observed respectively. smoking is prohibited in public places & public transports.
Conclusion(s) Owner/caretaker/controller/manager of public places &
The smoke-free legislation in Qingdao was associated transports are responsible for proper implementation of
with gradual reductions in fatal and nonfatal AMI and this law.
stroke events. Demonstrable but modest effects on Objectives
stroke admissions and AMI/stroke mortality rate were To assess the compliance to tobacco control (TC) law
observed among the older age group after the law had in public places of 10 districts and determine effective
been implemented for about one year. The study indicates interventions which can be applied in large scale throughout
the urgent need to strengthen the monitoring and the country to reduce the usage of tobacco products and
44
increase the compliance. Results

Methods Information were collected from a total 441 household
A cross-sectional observational survey was conducted in heads. Among the respondents 79.6% were male, and
August ’19 in 430 public places of 10 randomly selected mean age (±SD) was 47.8 (±13.5) years. About half of the
upazilas/sub-districts of 10 districts in Khulna division. respondents (43.3%) had higher level of education (at
The public places categorized as educational institutions, least graduate) and 35% were service holder. Among the
offices, healthcare facilities, recreational facilities, eating respondents 27.7% were current smoker. Overall, 23.4%
facilities and transit stations were surveyed. The study home had tobacco smoking exposure within last 30 days.
tool was adapted from a compliance guide developed by Tobacco smoking exposed home was higher in low income
partners of the Bloomberg Initiatives to reduce tobacco areas compared to high or middle income areas (20.4%,
use. 35.9% and 43.7% respectively in high, middle and low
Results income areas, P<0.001). Tobacco smoking exposed home
The overall compliance rate to TC law was 73.31%. Among was also higher in home with household head with no
public places, highest compliance was seen in healthcare formal education (p<0.001).
facilities (83.28%) and lowest in transit stations (57%) and Conclusion(s)
recreational facilities (63.74%). No-smoking signage\'s The study showed one fourth of home exposed to SHS.
comply with TC law has been found inadequately (18.60%) in Community based intervention and comprehensive
the visited public places. No active smoking was observed awareness programs including smoke-free home
in 86.51% of public places. Active smoking behavior has campaign is recommended to protect people from SHS at
been found to be significantly associated with absence/ home in urban areas.
presence of smoking aids [Fisher’s exact test = 16319; p= Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A87
0.001] and cigarettes/bidi butts [χ2 test = 131774, p= 0.000]. DOI: 10.18332/tid/141017
Conclusion(s)
Increasing coverage with no-smoking signage and ensure Smoking status in a smoke-free home program,
absence of smoking aids will help in reducing the active Yogyakarta city
smoking and thus increasing the overall compliance Muchsin Maulana1, Septian Emma Dwi Jatmika1, Kuntoro2, Santi
to TC law. Furthermore, accentuate effort on enforcing Martini2, Sri Widiarti2, Sholikhah Nur Azizah1
the TC law in transit stations and recreational facilities 1
Muchsin Maulana Public Health Faculty, Ahmad Dahlan
by law enforcer are mandatory. Additionally, the owner/ University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2Public Health Faculty,
caretaker/manager of public places needed to be trained Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
[email protected]
& aware and mass media awareness campaign will help to
Introduction
attain higher compliance to TC law in Bangladesh.
Smoking is an adverse behavior, a problem not only for
health but also for other aspects of life. The role of the
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141015
government has not been relied upon in reducing the
prevalence of smoking in Indonesia, which is increasing
Tobacco smoke exposed home in different urban every year, leading to cigarette control program initiatives
settings in capital city of Bangladesh from various non-government parties. One of them is
Mohammad Ataur Rahman1, Kazi Rumana Ahmed2, Sharmin
the Smoke-Free Home program, which is a collaborative
Hossain2, Shamim Jubayer3, Mohammad Abdullah Al-Mamun3,
Mahfuzur Rahman Bhuiyan3, Sohel Reza Choudhury3 program between Quit Tobacco Indonesia (QTI) and the
1
Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, Washington, United States, Yogyakarta City Health Office, which has been implemented
2
Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh, in several areas in the city of Yogyakarta since 2009. This
3
National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, activity received support from community members who
Dhaka, Bangladesh declared their homes smoke-free through a declaration
[email protected] submitted by the community itself and signed by the
Introduction regional chairperson.
Rapid unplanned urbanization in large cities in Bangladesh Objectives
causing unhealthy living conditions. Tobacco smoke is To investigate the smoking status of those in the Smoke-
one of the components of indoor air pollution and health free Home area.
consequences of exposure to second hand smoke (SHS) Methods
are well established. Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2017 Quantitative research is analytic with a cross-sectional
Bangladesh reported that 39% adults are exposed to SHS approach. The subjects of the study were heads of the
at home. However, characteristics of households with SHS family, who were active smokers in 70 households. The
exposure are not well investigated in urban settings of sampling technique used random cluster sampling.
Bangladesh. Then the results of the study were analyzed using the
Objectives Chi-Square test. Ethical clearance for this research was
To find out the extent of tobacco smoke exposed home and obtained from the research ethics committee of Ahmad
their characteristics in different areas of Dhaka city. Dahlan University, Indonesia (Letter of Ethical Approval,
Methods Number 011807107).
A cross sectional study was conducted in three different Results
urban settings (high, middle and low income areas) of Smoking status of residents in the Smoke-free Homes
Dhaka city in 2016. Systematic random sampling was Program of 70 heads of households who were active
used for selection of households from each of the areas. smokers was found to affect the majority of respondents
Data were collected from household head by face to who decreased their smoking intensity; smoking reduction
face interview using a semi-structured questionnaire. A by 49 (70%) with two quitting 2 (2.8%).
household was considered as exposed to tobacco smoke if Conclusion(s)
anybody smoked inside home within last 30 days. In the area of the Smoke-Free Home Program, the majority
45
of heads of households changed their smoking status in a and sustainable efforts.

positive direction with 70% of family heads reducing their Methods
smoking. YPSA has been working with Chattogram City Corporation
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A88 (CCC) since 2009 for making the CCC smoke-free.
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141019 Sensitization and motivational meeting were arranged
with different stakeholders for ensuring the highest level of
Tobacco control measures of psychiatric commitment. In 2010, CCC endorsed smoke-free guideline
hospitals in Kyoto Prefecture before and and has been allocating budget for Tobacco Control
after the enforcement of the amended Health program since 2014. But in 2017, project intervened to
make Tobacco Free instead of smoke-free based on the
Promotion Act
Narito Kurioka1, Sumiko Kurioka2 strong commitment of Mayor of CCC. A Memorandum of
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Hakuaikai Hospital, Understanding signed between YPSA and CCC for making
Kyoto, Japan, 2Department of Education, St. Andrew’s University Tobacco Free city. A comprehensive plan was prepared and a
of Education, Kyoto, Japan focal Point officer was assigned by CCC. A multidisciplinary
[email protected] working committee led by City Corporation was assembled
Introduction with representatives from relevant stakeholders. The
Even today, psychiatric hospitals are exempted from committee discussed the model, defined goal, developed
smoke-free environment. But with the implementation of plan and is taking decisions.
the amended Health Promotion Act of the July 1st, 2019, all Results
of the hospital in Japan including psychiatric ones became CCC expressed its determination to ensure the tobacco
in principle smoke-free in their premises. free city. CCC has been utilizing budget for Tobacco Control
Objectives program. Quick decisions are being taken and implemented
To share the information and problems for making hospital by the working committee. No of public places displayed
smoke-free and to execute the hospital total smoking signage, different authorities issued circulars and taking
ban smoothly among the psychiatric hospitals in Kyoto policies for implementing Tobacco control law. Action
Prefecture. against tactics of tobacco industry was taken by CCC. CCC
Methods bans tobacco sale around 100 meter radius of education
We send a questionnaire to psychiatric hospital institutions. CCC is implementing campaign at school
administrators in Kyoto Prefecture before and after the level.
enforcement of the Act. Conclusion(s)
Results Political commitments, collaborative actions, enforcement
Before the implementation, 5 out of 12 (42%) hospitals of TC law, huge campaign, follow up and regular monitoring
were smoke-free in their premises, 3 (25%) were smoke- is necessary for implementing ‘Tobacco Free City’.
free indoors and 4 (33%) had indoor separated smoking Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A90
area. After the implementation, 10 out of 16 (67%) DOI: 10.18332/tid/141021
hospitals become smoke-free in their premises; and 5
(33%) were smoke-free indoors. Although about half of the Smoke-free and healthy universities in Thailand
hospitals replied that no problem in particular happened, Pongsri Srimoragot1
closet smoking and smoking around hospitals remain Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol
1
as challenges. Only two hospitals provided treatment for University, Bangkok, Thailand
smoking cessation by health insurance and there was little Introduction
support system for quitting tobacco. University is the best sustainable for smoke-free and
Conclusion(s) healthy zone among youth.
We reported results of the questionnaire to the surveyed Objectives
hospitals and could share the information for tobacco To evaluate the progress of smoke-free and healthy
control measures of other hospitals. This study contributed university establishment in Thailand.
to a smooth implementation of the smoking ban of Methods
psychiatric hospitals. Support for patients and hospital Methodology cross-sectional descriptive survey was
staffs to quit tobacco is the next agenda. applied. A self-report questionnaire was applied to
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A89 recruited university data. 41 universities under higher
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141020 education commission, Ministry of Education were self-
evaluated based on standard guidelines.
Step towards tobacco free Chattogram city Results
Nasim Banu1, Mohammed Arifur Rahman1 The 251 professional subjects, 280247 students and 51495
1
Young Power in Social Action, Chattogram, Bangladesh staff. Among them 6353 smoker students and 921 smoker
[email protected] staff. Only 41.5% set smoke-free university committees
Introduction as a key success factor to mobilizes to smoke-free and
Chattogram is a commercial hub and second biggest city healthy universities. Only 28 universities established
in Bangladesh. Around 60 million people live here. But smoke- free indoor areas. They set the smoke zone for
the city doesn’t comply the tobacco control law, so it is smoker students and staff by varied from 1 area to 20
impossible to ignore health impact of citizens. Political areas outdoor. For smoker screening, 61% did not screen
commitment can provide tobacco free environment in the new students and 4 universities included screening
healthy city. in the annual check-up and cover only some students. All
Objectives smokers did not refer to cessation services provided in or
To ensure a healthy environment for the people through out university clinic. For public relations or campaigning.
effective implementation of Tobacco Control law and The majority of university 22 set traditional PR in university.
adoption of innovative local policies by taking combined Only 4 universities apply modern social media such as
46
facebook or line as a PR channel. But it is inadequate Passengers views on smoke-free provisions of

frequent to raise awareness. The majority of universities Tobacco Control Law in trains and rail stations
attempt to integrate tobacco topics into their curriculum. Sazia Binte Saleh1, Golam Mohiuddin Faruque2, Md. Masum
At the same time, they promote extra-curriculum activities Billah3, Md. Atiqur Rahman4, Samiul Hassan Shajib4, Ayesha
to students as volunteer activists. Most of all they did not Akhter5, Md. Abu Rayhan4, Aminul Islam Sujon6, Md. Farhadur
apply data-based for smoke-free and healthy universities Reza6, Kamrunnisa Munna5
1
Madar Baksh Saleh Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2Bangladesh
establishment due to lack of funding and basic strategic
Cancer Society, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 3SIEAM, 4Work for a Better
knowledge. Based on 7 key guidelines and 15 items of key Bangladesh Trust, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 5Center for Law and
performance indicators, the best indication reported was Policy Affairs, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 6National Tobacco Control
KPI3 (mean = 1.48, SD = 1.08). The lowest indicators was Cell, Health Services Division, Ministry of Health and Family
7.4 and 7.5 (mean = 0.60, SD = 1.03, respectively). Welfare, Dhaka, Bangladesh
The university still under development to be a smoke-free Introduction
and healthy university. And finally, they need continuous According to Bangladesh Smoking and Tobacco Products
improvement. Usage (Control) Act 2005 (amended in 2013), ‘railway
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A91 station buildings’, ‘queue to get in the public transports’
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141022 (i.e.; platform) and ‘trains’ are smoke-free. First class
railway staffs are responsible to ensure enforcement of
Actions for a healthy environment and tobacco- this law. The Railway Act 1890 banned smoking in train.
free health care facilities at one upazilla in More than 90 million passengers traveled by train in 2018.
Bangladesh Objectives
Sayyida Akhter1, Rashadujjaman1, Rokeya Begum1 This study aimed to find passenger’s knowledge and views
1
UBINIG-Policy Research For Development Alternative, Ishwardi on smoke-free provisions of law, its implementation and
Upazilla, Pabna District, Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh obstacles in relation to railway stations and trains.
Introduction Study was conducted among passengers from rail stations
In Bangladesh, the burden from tobacco is alarming, 35.3% (18 large stations/junctions) and trains (21 inter-city and
of adults are currently using tobacco either in smoked and/ mail trains). Study questionnaire based on closed-end
or in smokeless form. Bangladesh ratified the WHO FCTC questions with few open-end used here.
in 2004, and in 2005, enacted the Smoking and Using of Results
Tobacco Products (Control) Act. The law was amended in Total of 596 respondents (aged between 18 to 70 years)
2013. Smoking at public places as defined in the law had were interviewed. Among them, 97.5% (n581) observed
been prohibited. But it is seen that there is use of 12.7% smoking in rail stations in last 30 days. Smoking were
smoking in health service center (GATS, 2017) but as per observed highest 97.6% (n567) in platform and lowest in
law public space must be 100% tobacco free. waiting room 4.8% (n28) & office room area 4% (n23). Only
Objectives 8.4% (n50) respondents observed action against smoking.
An action for tobacco-free healthcare facilities following Among them, smokers warned by railway staff were seen
the TC law for a healthy environment in the centers. by 12% (n6) respondent and only 4% (n2) respondent
Methods observed punishments by mobile courts. At trains,
A baseline study of the situation of tobacco use and sale 79.9% (n476) respondents observed smoking in last 30
in the health centers Advocated for discourage tobacco days. Among them, highest 95.6% (n454) smoking events
use both by the patients and their attendant’s. Encourage observed in washroom area and lowest 22.3% (n106) inside
and assist current users of stop using. Prevent involuntary compartments. Only 16.3% (n97) respondents observed
exposure to an healthy environment by the non-users. The action against smoking where only 6.2% (n6) respondents
use prohibition would be enforced through No smoking, observed smokers warned by railway staff.
“No-spitting”, “no tobacco waste” signage as well as strict Conclusion(s)
monitoring by the administration. Shared information Effective enforcement of smoke-free provisions of law
about the use of tobacco, harmful effects, type of sickness require capacity building trainings for railway staff, display
caused by the use of the products. Distribute leaflet, no-smoking signages and organize awareness campaigns
signage, and poster s for creating awareness. for passengers at all trains and stations. Monitoring and
Results supervision by senior officials of Ministry of Railways those
Developed a best practice example for tobacco-free health who have magistracy power to conduct mobile courts on
facilities that incorporates control of both smoking and enforcement of various laws including TC law.
smokeless tobacco products. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A93
An important progress over healthy environment and
smoke-free public places that is covered under the T.C “Tobacco free health care facilities”- will it be
law. Among the public places, rural-based health facilities only in papers? A query of mass people
can reach people not only for curative health care, but Sheikh Mohammad Mahbubus Sobhan1, Sohel Reza Choudhury1,
for preventive measures and for health education. Ahmad Khairul Abrar1
Tobacco-free health facilities have incorporated harmful 1
National Heart Foundation of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
effects of tobacco consumption into the Health education [email protected]
programme. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A92 It is of huge concern that tobacco causes health debacle
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141024 for citizens, who have universal right to protect lives. In
Bangladesh, by law, health care facilities are 100% smoke-
free. In reality, it is yet to attain. It is evident that there is no
47
risk-free level of secondhand smoke (SHS). Recent Global 27 Regional Directorates (25 districts), and 357 Medical
Adult Tobacco Survey Bangladesh 2017 states that, 12.7% Officer of Health divisions. We gathered data on SFZs
of adults were exposed to SHS who visited health care established during 2015 – November 2019 from the 27
facilities (HCF). So, quick policy decision is a dire necessity. Regional Directors for this study and analyzed against
Objectives the districts. Minitab 14 statistical software and Microsoft
A government seeks evidence to get the real picture of any Excel 2010 were used in statistical analyses and graphical
problem. So, National Heart Foundation of Bangladesh presentation.
conducted a compliance survey to explore the latest Results
situation of government HCFs to support in promulgation There were 253 SFZs established in 102 Medical Officer of
of necessary actions. Health divisions in 20 districts of nine provinces during the
Methods study period. The highest number of SFZs was established
A cross-sectional study of Quantitative-Qualitative variety in 2018 (95) followed by 2019 (63), 2016 (55), and 2017 (35).
was conducted in April, 2019 covering 51 government The lowest number of SFZs was established in 2015 (5).
HCFs of Dhaka City. Of those, 41.2% were outdoor clinics Ninety-six percent (96%) of SFZs are sustained up to the
and 58.8% were hospitals. Skilled data collectors took data collection date.
interviews vis-à-vis and assessed HCF buildings and Conclusion(s)
premises at rush hours for evidence of smoking and The project was initiated in only 29% of all Medical Officer
smokeless tobacco (SLT) use. They also observed whether of Health divisions in Sri Lanka. The yearly distribution of
there was any anti-tobacco signage, provision of support the number of SFZs showed an increase up to 2018 and
for quitting and presence of point of sale of tobacco product a decline in 2019, yet the number is higher than in 2015,
in and around the HCF. 2016, and 2017. However, they have maintained higher
Results sustainability. Therefore, necessary steps should be taken
Direct and indirect evidence of tobacco control act violation to further spread this concept to new areas in order to
was observed in HCFs. Smoking was found in 82.4% protect non-smokers from SHS.
premises. Butts were found in 68.6% campuses and 43.1% Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A95
building. Odor of smoking was found in 17.6% HCFs. In DOI: 10.18332/tid/141029
45.1% HCFs, someone was found to use SLT within campus
and in 41.2% it was within building. Tobacco consumption The lesson learnt from smoke-free restaurant
was higher in hospitals than clinic. Cessation clinic was model in Hoan Kiem, Vietnam
present in one hospital only. Trinh Thu Huong1, Nguyen Hanh Nguyen1, Pham Thi Hoang Anh1,
Conclusion(s) Le Thi Thu1
Tobacco free government HCFs were scarcely found in 1
Vietnam Office of HealthBridge Foundation of Canada, Hanoi,
Dhaka city. HCF personnel, patients, and attendants Vietnam
should be acquainted with law. Precedent emphasis is [email protected]
required to monitor breaches and apply penance. Novel Introduction
approach is crucial to offer quitting. The Vietnam Tobacco Control Law, effective since May 2013,
Funding requires all indoor public places, including restaurants and
It was funded by CTFK. cafeterias be smoke-free. However, GATS 2015 findings
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A94 showed the highest prevalence and the most modest
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141028 reduction of second-hand smoke exposure in restaurants
during 2010-2015. The challenges were low political
commitment and reluctance of authorities to implement
Community participating ‘smoke-free zones’
smoke-free policies in restaurants (SFR), the resistance of
against secondhand smoking in Sri Lanka: business, and high public acceptability of smoking. Hoan
Present and future Kiem is the old center district of Hanoi having many big
Supun Lahiru Prakash1, Palitha Abeykoon2, Geethani Niwarthana2,
restaurants and attracting around 2 million international
Bimsara Malshan2, Sanjaya Nanayakkara1, Jayatissa Nanayakkara1,
Upul Rohana1 visitors yearly.
1
Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine, Objectives
Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2National Authority on Tobacco and Alcohol, To improve SFR implementation in Hanoi.
Battaramulla, Sri Lanka Methods
[email protected] In 2016-2019, Hoan Kiem People’s Committee launched
Introduction the implementation of SFR model. The approaches were
Secondhand smoking (SHS) causes serious health utilized including: i) Advocacy to improve the commitment of
consequences to the non-smoking men, women, and local government; ii) Media campaigns to raise awareness
children all over the world. The National Authority on and support; iii) Peer education to engage managers of
Tobacco and Alcohol of Sri Lanka has taken the initiative in compliant SFR to share their experience and motivation to
carrying out the National program for establishing ‘SFZs’ other restaurant owners; iv) Strengthen the enforcement
for combating SHS in 2016. through supporting the model of monitoring visit of local
Objectives authorities.
The purpose of this study was to understand the current Results
distribution of Smoke-Free Zones (SFZs), the enthusiasm 50 members of district/ward tobacco control Steering
of frontline health workers (Public Health Inspectors are Committee and 350 Managers/Owners of restaurants were
the main coordinators of this project at the grass-root trained on SFR implementation. 65000 leaflets on SFR and
level) in establishing SFZs, and sustainability of them. tobacco harm prevention, 3000 no-smoking decal sign were
Methods distributed. Monitoring visits of interdisciplinary inspection
Administratively, Sri Lankan health care delivery system teams to 294 participated restaurants were conducted. In
is hierarchically divided into nine Provincial Directorates, 2017 & 2018, 109 restaurants were recognized for safety
48
food and SFR (40% of total participated restaurants). Effects of smoking on the performance of the
Lesson learned: i) Integrating smoke-free and food IFMA youth muaythai championships, Bangkok
safety in the model; ii) Strong political commitment and 2018
involvement of People Committee leaders at district level; Anchalee Supopak1, Saranatra Waikakul1, Vichai Vanadurongvan1
iii) Best practice sharing: Good SFR models shared their 1
Vichaivej Yakfaichai Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
real experience through training, workshop, and media; iv) [email protected]
Simple and sustainable enforcement mechanism through Introduction
the model of monitoring visit of local authorities. Smoking habit in the youth is a new target of most tobacco
Conclusion(s) companies. This habit can retard development and
The used approaches have proven to be effective in performance in athletes.
improving the compliance of implementation of SFR and Objectives
should be scaled up to other districts in Vietnam. To find out the prevalence and effects of smoking in the
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A96 IFMA Youth World Muaythai Championships, Bangkok
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141030 2018, we carried out as a short cohort study during the
game.
Myths and realities of profitability of tobacco Methods
cultivation in Bangladesh Seventy five candidates of the game with their ages
AKM Ghulam Hussain1 ranging between 8 and 17 years, 70 males and 5 females,
1
Department of Economics, Dhaka University, Dhaka, Bangladesh were interviewed and examined as the ordinary regulation.
[email protected] Furthermore, smoking and CO measurement from forceful
Introduction expiration were also done in these candidates. They were
The cultivation of tobacco is increasing alarmingly in followed up until the end of the game. Correlation among
Bangladesh. Farmers are encouraged by the industry to smoking, level of CO and the performance of the candidates
continue and expand tobacco cultivation by offering various were found out.
incentives including loans and buyback guarantees. On the Results
other hand, farmers consider tobacco farming profitable Forty five of seventy five or 60% of the candidates
in an accounting sense without considering unpaid private reported they did smoking. Twenty candidates, 26.6%,
cost, social costs, and global warming costs due to did smoking every day ranging from 1 to 15 times a day.
deforestation and carbon emissions from wood-burning CO measurement among the candidates revealed 1 to 9
and carbon sequestration. ppm. On the other hand, CO measurement showed 0 to
Objectives 1 in the nonsmoking candidates. Two of the candidates
The objective of this study is to estimate the economic cost in non-smoking group received Gold Medal Award. In the
of tobacco farming in Bangladesh. candidates who could not pass the first round 28/32 or
Methods 87.5% were in the smoking group with CO in their force
1549 primary data points were collected from 32 unions expiration over 5 ppm. Furthermore, none in the smoking
in 8 districts. We included five types of farmers: contract group could pass the final contest.
and independent current tobacco farmers, former tobacco Conclusion(s)
farmers, never tobacco farmers from tobacco and non- Prevalence of smoking habit in candidates of the IFMA
tobacco districts. Secondary data were collected from the Youth Muaythai Championships 2018 was very high.
scientific literature and government survey data. 320 primary Smoking has negative effect on their performance of the
samples of soil and water were collected and tested. Data game.
analysis used descriptive, multivariate and multinomial Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A98
logistic regression methods for estimating absolute and DOI: 10.18332/tid/141032
relative benefit-cost ratios of tobacco cultivation.
Results Smoking increases risk of recurrent
Tobacco farming is less profitable when the opportunity tuberculosis: A qualitative study of Bangladesh
cost of family labor, land and environmental costs are Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud1
included. Farmers lose more than 45 thousand Taka per 1
Public Health Informatics Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
acre by tobacco cultivation. If we include environmental [email protected]
net social benefit, the loss shoots to BDT -77411 per Introduction
acre. Based on socio-economic status, tobacco farmers Tuberculosis (TB) may recur even after successful treatment.
also lagged behind. Child labour use is inescapable in The average reported incidence rates of recurrent TB
tobacco cultivation. Multivariate and multinomial logistic (per 100000 person/years) worldwide. Recurrent TB is a
regression analysis also shows that indebted farmers, and challenging issue to public health systems of Bangladesh.
farmers with higher dependency ratios are more likely to Previous study reported that smoking tobacco is a risk
participate in tobacco farming. factor for getting recurrent TB. Sustainable, safe and clean
Conclusion(s) smoke-free environments are necessary to control many
Tobacco cultivation is not as beneficial as popularly diseases including TB. Occupational and environmental
perceived. Availability of underemployed family labor; harms of tobacco cultivation, production, and consumption
options of advanced credit, and buyback guarantees from are highly associated for getting diseases like TB.
tobacco companies attract farmers for tobacco cultivation. Objectives
Supply-side interventions to curb the tobacco epidemic We conducted a qualitative study to investigate whether
in Bangladesh need to address these factors to correct tobacco smoking increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB)
illusory incentives and to motivate tobacco farmers to recurrence.
switch to alternative livelihood options. Methods
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A97 We randomly selected recurrent TB patients who
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141031 had satisfactorily completed treatment for a previous
49
TB episode. We conducted our study with 12 health p-value = 0.22) in truck drivers, and 11.7 (95% CI = 4475 –
practitioners and 12 follow-up interviews. The study was 32503, p-value= 0.001) in general population.
conducted from August to October 2018 in Bangladesh. An Conclusion(s)
in-depth interview was conducted among the participants This study did provide a good insight on the prevalence
after taking informed consent. of smokeless tobacco use and oral lesions among Indian
Results truck drivers. Screening and early detection of high risk
Several factors influenced adherence of recurrent TB groups and addressing smokeless tobacco use through
such as quality knowledge, engagement with appropriate integrated workplace intervention is needed.
treatment, perceptions of health, self-treatment, quality Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A100
information, knowledge, and belief. Patients experienced DOI: 10.18332/tid/141034
many challenges during and after the treatment and
they do not know how to lead their life safer and prevent Comparative study of mental and physical
recurrent infection through health promotion. There is health of female small and medium enterprise
a lack of appropriate health education and promotion to owners in relation to smoking behavior in Japan
prevent recurrent TB. Our study assessed that the patients
and France
had double chance of recurrent TB who smoked more than Sumiko Kurioka1, Katsuyuki Kamei2, Hiroki Ogyu3, Torres Olivier4
10 cigarettes a day. 1
Department of Education, St. Andrew's University of Education,
Conclusion(s) Sakai-shi, Japan, 2Kansai University, Osaka, Japan, 3Otsuma
Our study suggests that smoking cigarette is associated Women's Universty, Tokyo, Japan, 4University of Montpellier,
with recurrent TB. We recommend appropriate TB Montpellier, France
treatment with cessation support center in every clinic to [email protected]
prevent recurrent TB. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A99 The smoking rate of Japanese women had temporarily
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141033 risen to 20%, but has decreased significantly in recent
years, and the smoking rate in 2017 was 7.2%. On the other
Prevalence of smokeless tobacco use and oral hand, the smoking rate of French women is high at 30.1%.
Objectives
pre-malignant lesions among heavy load truck
In this study, we compare the smoking behavior of Japanese
drivers and general male population in Mumbai, and French female small and medium enterprise (SMEs)
India owners with their business stress as well as mental and
Kharodia Neha1, Oswal Kunal2, Gupta Neha1, Sethuraman
physical conditions, and consider the social, psychological
Lakshman1, Sebastian Paul1
1
Cancer Care Initiative, Tata Trusts, Mumbai, India, 2Cancer and cultural background of smoking.
Screening and Early Detection, Karkinos Healthcare Pvt. Ltd, Methods
Mumbai, India For Japanese subjects, in 2018, we conducted a telephone
Introduction interview with 317 SMEs owners who are members of the
Oro-pharyngeal cancer is the sixth most common cancer Welfare Foundation who and had agreed to the survey. A
worldwide. One of the highest oral cancer incidences is total of 169 French subjects participated in an internet
found in India, with India contributing approximately 30% survey at the same time. The number and average age (±
of all new cases globally and accounting for one-third of the standard deviation) of the subjects were 410 males, 58.60
global burden of oral cancers. High risk groups, especially (± 13.2), 76 females, 53.3 (± 13.5). The survey items used
truck drivers, pose a challenge for high smokeless tobacco were lifestyle factors, health status, and job factors, and
use and addressing the risk factors is a priority. we compared the Japanese and French results by gender.
Objectives Results
The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence The smoking rate of female SMEs owners was 18.5%
of smokeless tobacco use and oral pre-malignant lesions in Japan and higher than that in France (10.2%). The
among Indian heavy load truck drivers and the general proportion of respondents who answered “well” and “feel
Indian population. good” was 37.0% and 44.4% respectively in Japan, and
Methods 75.5% and 83.7% in France. Job satisfaction and stress
In this study, two subsets of the data collected by the were also significantly lower for female SME owners in
Indian Dental Association (IDA) under their ‘National Oral Japan than for female SMEs owners in France.
Health Programme’ (NOHP) initiative were analyzed. In a Conclusion(s)
community based setting participants undergo a complete The smoking rate of female SMEs owners in Japan was
dental and oral examination by a dentist. Tobacco users, 2.5 times higher than that of general female population
especially those with oral pre-malignant lesions or in Japan, and was one-third lower in France than that of
conditions, are informed about the pre-cancerous findings general female population. The result may be attributed to
and are provided with tobacco cessation counselling along the complex relation between the age group of Japanese
with treatment recommendations. Secondary datasets – surveyed, social norms on smoking, and differences in
one belonging to truck driver population and the other to women's values and attitudes toward smoking in Japan
general population – were obtained from the Indian Dental and France.
Association for analysis. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A101
The prevalence of smokeless tobacco use among truck
drivers (n=73) (75.3%) and in the general population (n=56) Knowledge and attitude towards electronic
(28.3%). The prevalence of oral pre-malignant lesions in cigarettes among university student smokers in
truck drivers was found to be 17.5% and 15.7% in general Thailand
population. The odds ratio for presence of oral lesions and Surarong Chinwong1, Kanthaya Saharatchataphong1, Chantika
smokeless tobacco use was 2.84 (95% CI = 0.578 – 27424, Kachai1, Dujrudee Chinwong1
50
1
Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand Methods
[email protected] A cross-sectional study was conducted during the period
Introduction of January to December 2018 at Dhaka. Conveniently
The current information demonstrates that the use of selected 230 adult smokers were interviewed to know their
electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is increasing among attitude to GHWs and its' influence on them in the process
young adults. There is a lot of information in social media of smoking cessation.
about the pros and cons of e-cigarettes, with conflicting Results
results. Most of the respondents were young male with mean age
Objectives of 29.57 (±8.421) years. Majority of the respondents were
Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to study the found to notice (72.6%), read or look closely (64.8%) the
knowledge and attitude towards e-cigarettes among GHWs on cigarette package, which constitutes the salience
students studying at a university in northern Thailand who of GHW. One-third of the respondents discussed about
smoked ordinary cigarettes and/or e-cigarettes. these warnings with fellow smokers and two-third of them
Methods thought about the health risks of smoking. About 43% of
The data were collected using a self-administered the respondents reduced their smoking frequency and
questionnaire from 408 university students who smoked 61% had attempted to quit during last one year. About two-
ordinary cigarettes and/or e-cigarettes between January third of respondents were found to have an intention to quit
to April 2019. The study protocol was approved by the smoking in future. Measures of salience were significantly
Ethics Review Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang associated with thinking about health risks (p<0.001), prior
Mai University. The statistical analyses were performed quitting attempt (p<0.05) and quitting intention (p<0.05).
with the STATA software. Quitting intention in future was significantly associated with
Results reduction of smoking frequency (AOR:2.589, 95% CI:1.034–
The results showed that regarding the knowledge towards 6.479, p<0.05) and prior quitting attempt (AOR:6.029, 95%
e-cigarettes, the average score was 5.9 ± 2.1 from a total CI:2.835-12.820, p<0.001) after controlling covariates.
score of 12. The study indicated that 85.5% of the participants Conclusion(s)
understood that nicotine was the cause of e-cigarettes GHWs has strong influence on smoking cessation. GHWs
addiction. The 2 most misunderstood questions were should be more specific, vivid and informative covering
e-cigarettes could cause bronchitis, and propylene glycol a large area to draw more attention of the smokers in
in e-cigarettes could cause respiratory and eye irritation motivating them to quit smoking.
because only 22.5% and 24.7%, respectively could Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A103
answer these questions correctly. The health-sciences DOI: 10.18332/tid/141041
students had significantly higher knowledge scores than
arts/social sciences students and science/technology Standard packaging to ensure effective
students. Regarding the attitude towards e-cigarettes, enforcement of graphical health warning on
60.3% believed that e-cigarettes were less dangerous to
smokeless tobacco products: Current status and
human health than ordinary cigarettes. However, 51.7%
was hesitant that smoking e-cigarettes had a negative gaps in Bangladesh
Farhana Zaman1, Aminul Islam Sujon2, Md. Bazlur Rahman1, Md.
effect on human health in the long term. In addition, 40.7% Mohiuddin1, Syed Mahbubul Alam3, Shameem Haider Patwary1
disagreed that smoking e-cigarettes could help smokers 1
to be accepted among friends and to socialize. University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2National Tobacco Control Cell,
Conclusion(s) Health Service Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,
In conclusion, the majority of students had insufficient Dhaka, Bangladesh, 3The Union, Dhaka, Bangladesh
knowledge of e-cigarettes. Most of them believed that [email protected]
e-cigarettes were less dangerous than ordinary cigarettes Introduction
and uncertain about negative effects on chronic use. Among adults aged 15 years and above, the consumption
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A102 rate of Smokeless Tobacco products is 20.6% or 22
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141040 million that higher than smoking (18.0% or 19.2 million)
in Bangladesh (GATS 2017). Graphical Health Warnings
Influence of graphical health warnings in (GHW) on both sides of all tobacco products covering 50%
process of smoking cessation among adult or more surface area imposed from 19th March 2016 as
per amendment of the Smoking and Tobacco Products
smokers
Ammatul Fardousi Himi1, Shafia Shaheen1, Ahmad Khairul Abrar1
Uses (Control) Act 2005 in 2013 and its Rules in 2015. This
1
National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, law made mandatory to write “approved for selling only in
Bangladesh Bangladesh” should also be written in all tobacco packs.
Introduction To identify the gaps on enforcement GHWs (section 10 of
Smoking is the single most important preventable cause of tobacco control law) in the most common SLT products;
disability and premature mortality. In Bangladesh around zarda/smashed tobacco with betel leaf and gul/tobacco
37.8 million adults are tobacco consumer, of whom 19.2 powder in lower gum.
million are smoker. As a significant control measures of Methods
tobacco usage, since 2016 Graphical Health Warnings Tobacco Control and Research Cell (TCRC) of the Dhaka
(GHWs) covering 50% of main display area of tobacco International University conducted survey from October
packages came into force in Bangladesh. 2018 to September 2019. Packets of smokeless tobacco
Objectives products collected from 295 wholesale shops situated in
The aim of this study was to assess the current response the 131 bazaars (market area) in the 32 district towns.
of adult smokers towards GHWs in smoking cessation These 295 wholesale shops distributed/sale SLT products
process. in all other local and small shops of these districts.
51
Results effectiveness in preventing teenagers from smoking.

GHWs enforcement on the SLT products packs are very Graphic warning packages with real pictures with clear
weak as only 3% zarda (out of 667) and none gul packs warning labels in plain design should be adopted in China.
comply with the law. - Size vary from 5 gram to 100 grams, Funding
the small size of packs doesn’t have space for GHWs and This study is supported by the National Natural Science
written text. 75% of zarda’s packs and 85% gul packs Foundation of China [71573047].
doesn’t provide the sentences “approved for selling only in Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A105
Bangladesh”. - Packing materials (such as tins, plastics, DOI: 10.18332/tid/141046
polythene, paper) is another problem that can address by
standard and unique packets. Innovative policies and practices on warning
Conclusion(s) and plain packaging of tobacco products
Standard packaging of SLT products based on size can Preeti Gupta1
ensure full compliance of TC law. TCRC initiated sensitizing 1
NCD Care Foundation, Hyderabad, India
concerned government agencies with these findings to [email protected]
make standard packaging for tobacco products. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A104 Under plain packaging laws, all tobacco products must:
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141042 be packaged in a certain colour display brand names in
certain ways display the required text and graphic health
Which design is most effective in preventing warnings not display logos, brand images or promotional
teenagers from smoking? A survey about text.
Objectives
cigarette packages among teenagers
Mao Yimeng1, Qi Honglei2, Zheng Pinpin1 Plain packaging aims to improve public health in the world
1
School of Public Health, Institute of Health Communication, by reducing smoking rates. Plain packaging discourages
Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China, 2Laoximen people from using tobacco by: reducing the appeal of
Community Healthcare Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of tobacco products making health warnings more effective
China removing misleading information on packaging. Health
[email protected] warnings include: statements — such as \'Smoking harms
Introduction unborn babies\' graphics — photos that are related to the
Survey data shows that 19.9% of students aged 13-15 warning statements explanatory — more detail about the
had tried smoking and 30.0% of them became addicted warning statements information. Plain packaging must be
in China. Graphic tobacco package warnings are an a part of tobacco control activities — policies and programs
effective method to raise awareness of smoking dangers that aim to reduce tobacco-related harm.
among adolescents and non-smokers. However, cigarette Methods
packages only include vague text warnings in China. Little We administer, enforce and defend tobacco plain packaging
domestic research has explored the cigarette package laws. To administer the laws, we have to: inform the
warning effects on teenagers. community about plain packaging laws keep the laws up
Objectives to date guide and educate tobacco companies on how to
We hope this study can find which package designs have meet the laws. To investigate breaches or enforce the laws,
the best effect to prevent Chinese teenagers from smoking, we follow our enforcement policy. We also defend the laws
thus providing evidence to advocate for adopting effective against legal challenges and disputes. Cigarette packets
package warnings in China. warning must include: display a statement and graphic
Methods that cover at least 75% of the front display a statement,
A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted from graphic and explanatory message that cover at least 90%
1238 students aged 12-18 from 2 schools in Huangpu district of the back display and an information message on one
of Shanghai. Eight kinds of cigarette packages were shown in side.
the questionnaire with different designs of background and Results
warning labels. The effects such as increasing awareness The plain packaging laws has helped to reduce smoking
of tobacco dangers, arousing an emotional response and and passive smoking in the country and is having a positive
commitment to not smoke were evaluated through rating for impact and expected to continue reducing smoking rates.
each package and ranking the different designs. Conclusion(s)
Results If you think a tobacco product is in breach of the plain
Among 1238 students, 16.96% had tried smoking and packaging laws, the government has to provide plain
7.84% smoked in the past 30 days. The plain designed packaging complaint form. The government has to consider
package with a picture of a real dying patient and a warning all complaints, assess each complaint and prioritise them
label stating, “Smoking can kill you” had the strongest based on the risk, as well as provide updates on the
warning effect on teenagers, and was thought to be the progress or outcome of a complaint.
most effective in preventing teenagers from smoking. The Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A106
current cigarette package design with commercial logo DOI: 10.18332/tid/141047
and vague text stating, “Adolescents shouldn’t smoke”
had the least effectiveness. Meanwhile, 68.99% of students ASEAN pictorial health warning best practices:
support adopting disease photos on tobacco packages,
Gaps and challenges
and 58.72% students thought cigarette packages should Tan Yen Lian1
include more specific health messages. Also, 81.58% of 1
Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance, Bangkok, Thailand
students support increasing the graphic warning area to [email protected]
over 70% of the total. Introduction
Conclusion(s) All ten ASEAN countries are among 118 countries and
The current cigarette package in China has the least territories in the world that finalized pictorial health
52
warning (PHW) requirements in accordance to WHO FCTC Promotion and Sponsorship (TAPS) initiatives take by the
Article 11. Thailand and Singapore are the first two Asian tobacco industries and small traders at the point of sales
countries requiring standardized packaging, eliminating (POS).
all promotional aspects of packaging (including brand Methods
colors, logos, and graphics), effective from 10 September In implementing the TAPS ban initiative, Grambangla
2019 and 1 July 2020, respectively. prioritized engagements of civil society as key actor
Objectives to identity and monitor the local point of sales (POS).
The paper aims to track countries’ progress in Grambangla formed Civil Society Action Committees to
implementing effective PHW policies, identify gaps, and monitor TAPS violations and conduct media campaign to
areas for improvement in the existing policies of each sensitize the local journalist, arrange cultural events such
ASEAN country. as, street drama highlighting adverse effects of tobacco
Methods use.
A self-administered questionnaire was developed Results
according to FCTC Article 11 Guidelines requirements for Due to efforts of civil society action committee huge
survey in ten ASEAN countries. Country partners filled number of TAPS violation incidences were identified
the questionnaire based on their current health warning and documented such as posters, stickers, gift items by
regulations/law. the tobacco industries. Civil Society Action Committees
Results facilitated in activating local task force committees and as
The analysis showed that (1) PHWs applied to all forms a result task force committees initiated mobile courts in
of tobacco packaging but not on the entire range of five areas and warned and fined the tobacco vendors for
tobacco products in some countries; (2) four countries TAPS violations. As an effect the owners of POSs removed
require at least 75% PHW warning sizes and the largest signboards and festoons, discount label of tobacco
warning (Thailand’s 85%); (3) all ASEAN countries, except products etc.
Philippines, require PHW on top front and back panels of Conclusion(s)
the package for maximum warnings visibility; (4) tax stamp Government has already declared for a “Tobacco free
partly covers the PHW in some countries despite the law Bangladesh by 2040”. In achieving the vision and the
prohibiting obscured health warnings; (5) industry can SDG Target 3.a, Civil Society Action committees could
produce PHWs in only 3 months; (6) PHWs rotation delayed be key actors for monitoring of TAPS violation towards
in Lao PDR and Vietnam; (7) misleading descriptors successfully implementation of tobacco control laws of
banned in most countries except Brunei; (8) display of Bangladesh.
emission yield figures prohibited in Brunei, Myanmar, Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A108
Philippines and Thailand but allowed in Indonesia; (9) DOI: 10.18332/tid/141049
expiry date of tobacco product labels prohibited in Thailand
but mandated in Vietnam; (10) the region shares PHWs Monitoring the interferences of tobacco
images; and (11) PHW required on tobacco products for industry and analyzing situation of tobacco
duty-free sale except in Myanmar, Singapore and Vietnam. advertising, promotion and sponsorship through
Conclusion(s)
implementing an online surveillance system to
All ASEAN countries must continuously strengthen existing
regulations. Governments are encouraged to join Thailand
facilitate enforcement of tobacco control laws in
and Singapore in adopting standardized packaging to Bangladesh
A.K.M. Maksud1, Khandaker Reaz Hossain1, Mosammat Tahamina
complement PHWs’ effectiveness.
Akter1
Grambangla Unnayan Committee, Dhaka, Bangladesh
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141048 [email protected]
Introduction
Role of civil society action committee as a Grambangla Unnayan Committee has developed an online
key actor for successfully implementation of surveillance software to monitor incidences of TAPS ban
bans of Tobacco Advertising, Promotion and violations and tobacco industry interferences. Tobacco
Sponsorship (TAPS) under tobacco control laws Industry encourages retailers to violate the TAPS bans
in the southern coastal areas of Bangladesh at the point of sales (POS) through advertisements and
A.K.M. Maksud1, Khandaker Reaz Hossain1 reimbursement of the money equivalent to the fines by
1
Grambangla Unnayan Committee, Dhaka, Bangladesh Executive Magistrate.
Introduction The purpose of the initiative is to monitor the interferences
In Bangladesh, use of tobacco is a very alarming situation. of tobacco industry and analyzing situation of Tobacco
35 percent of adults are currently using tobacco either Advertising, Promotion and Sponsorship (TAPS) through
in smoked in smokeless form (GATS 2017). However, the operationalizing an online surveillance system to facilitate
government of Bangladesh is seriously concerned about enforcement of tobacco control laws in Bangladesh.
this issue and has enacted tobacco control law in 2005 based Methods
on FCTC-WHO. Tobacco use is comparatively higher in the The data collection mechanism has been performed by
southern coastal region. Due to lack of well communication the use of customized software used through an android
in the riverine coastal region, tobacco industries are more phone, GPS, taking a photo of the POS and filling an online
aggressive in advertising and promoting tobacco products data collection format. The method of data collection was
and tobacco users are increasing very rapidly. census of POS of 12 towns of Barisal division in Bangladesh.
Objectives Data was collected from 6025 POS.
Activationg civil society groups especially, community-led Results
civil society action committees to stop Tobacco Advertising, The online surveillance team has identified a total of 6025
53
POS and collected all related data of those POS. Findings The youth’s awareness of regulations banning
of the online surveillance shows 43 types of incidences of e-cigarette advertising, promotion, sponsorship
violation in relation to TAPS ban and tobacco interferences and their use in educational buildings
at POS e.g. stickers (67.0%), shop signage (33.5%), cash box Dorota Kaleta1, Kinga Polanska1
or any box with tobacco sign (23.1%), use of brand name 1
Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University
or similar color at POS (26.3%), showcase with tobacco of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
sign (14.0%), big dummy packet (24.2%), leaflet (14.9%), [email protected]
attractive cigarette display shelf (12.6%), advertising on Introduction
windows (13.0%), poster (2.1%), flyer (1.4%), etc. Legal regulations are recognized as one of the most
Conclusion(s) important tools used to prevent the use of nicotine
Data generated from the online surveillance now made containing products.
it easy for the District Task Force Committees and Sub- Objectives
district Task Force Committees to enforce provisions of The study objective was to evaluate the youth’s awareness
Tobacco Control Law since data indicate addresses, GPS of existing legislation banning e-cigarette advertising,
locations and photos of POS and incidences of TAPS ban promotion, sponsorship, and use of those products in
violations at the POS. There is no “Conflict of Interest” with school building.
the findings of this research with any person or institutions. Methods
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A109 A cross-sectional study was conducted between 2017
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141050 and 2018 among 1722 secondary and 787 high school
students from Piotrkowski district. An anonymous, self-
Japanese tea ceremony masters should stop administered questionnaire adapted from the GYTS was
using smoking chest on serving tea implemented so as to collect information on the e-cigarette
Akinori Kuruma1 use status, awareness of the existing legislation and its
1
Koganji Temple, Tokyo, Japan enforcement.
[email protected] Results
Introduction About 32% of the youth declared current e-cigarette use.
The author blows the whistle on using smoking chest in Despite the amendment of Tobacco Control Act banning
Tea Ceremony (TC). TC, well known worldwide has been e-cigarette advertising, promotion and sponsorship, about
brought by a Buddhist monk and has been an important 4% of the students declared that they had seen e-cigarette
part of Japanese culture. However, smoking chests advertising on TV, 7% in newspapers, 60% in the point of
"tobacco bon"(sets of smoking supplies including pipes, sale and 70% in the internet. What is more, 43% of the
cut tobacco, lighter and ashtray) are always prepared in youth declared that they had seen celebrities using such
formal tea parties. That is because TC masters ~400 years products. Half of the study population was not able to
ago started smoking, made it a rule and glorified it. Now indicate if there was a ban on e-cigarette sponsorship of the
smoking chest often plays an important role of a sign of the youth events. Only 40% of the study participants indicated
superior guest seat in tea room rather than mere smoking a ban on e-cigarette use in school buildings or school
supplies. Therefore, TC masters nowadays never take it premises, while the rest did not have such knowledge or
for granted that smoking chest should be removed, even indicated that e-cigarette use was allowed in the selected
though they do not smoke and they teach children how places. Everyday violation of regulations by employees
to serve tea. This trend helps tobacco industry to justify was indicated by 16% of the respondents, while the daily
smoking itself as a traditional hospitality, and to make use violation of these provisions by students was reported by
of the authority of TC for evil purpose. e.g. Japan Tobacco's more than 25% of the youth. There were no significant
TV commercial featuring TC was broadcasted nationwide differences in the percentages of the students being aware
in 2016 (https://bit.ly/2pruO3h). of the existing regulations depending on a school grade
Methods (p>0.05).
The author had have uploaded an article entitled "put Conclusion(s)
smoking chest away in TC" through JSTC magazine More effort should be made to inform young people about
available in the website (https://bit.ly/2OZwf3w) that is legal regulations on e-cigarettes and to enforce the
now easily accessible via Internet search. Also, The author relevant law.
had sent the article to some of TC masters/secretariat. Funding
Results This study was supported by the Local Government of
One school reprinted of the whole article on their annual the Piotrkowski District (grant number: AZ-I.033.2.2014),
journal and the head master wrote "it is about time to Medical University of Lodz (grant no. 503/6-024-01/503-
stop". But it seems to be a long way to go before all the TC 66-001. The funding bodies had no role in the design of the
school masters stop using smoking chests and put them study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of the
away in the warehouse of museum. data, and in writing the manuscript.
TC world is extremely feudalistic where "Iemoto (head DOI: 10.18332/tid/141052
master)" rules his whole school. The author urge the
readers to make a loud voice and keep claiming the use of "Keep calm, it’s just vapour": A content analysis
smoking chest as a wrong way for TC. of vaping related tweets and associated imagery
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A110 Kahlia McCausland1, Bruce Maycock2, Tama Leaver3, Katharina
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141051 Wolf4, Katherine Thomson5, Becky Freeman6, Jonine Jancey1
1
Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health,
School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia,
2
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College
of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United
54
Kingdom, 3School of Media, Creative Arts and Social Inquiry, TrISMA: Tracking Infrastructure for Social Media Analysis
Curtin University, Perth, Australia, 4School of Management (LIEF grant LE140100148).
and Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, Australia, 5School of Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A112
Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia, 6School
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141053
of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
[email protected]
Introduction IAWER- A systematic approach for monitoring of
The sale of e-cigarettes containing nicotine is prohibited tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship
in all Australian states and territories, yet the increased (TAPS) violation at the point of sales in
availability and convenience of the internet enables Bangladesh
promotion and exposure across countries. A central feature Khandaker Reaz Hossain1
of many universal social media platforms is the sharing of 1
Grambangla Unnayan Committee, Dhaka, Bangladesh
images. As a result of the increased pervasiveness of social [email protected]
media, the role of marketing and peer influence in the uptake Introduction
of smoking has become particularly salient as social media In Bangladesh, the use of smoked and smokeless tobacco
can be a powerful tool used to influence risk behaviours. products are very high. According to the recent GATS 2017
Objectives report, 35.3% people currently use tobacco. Government
To investigate how e-cigarettes are portrayed and of Bangladesh enacted `Smoking and Tobacco Usage
promoted on Twitter using a content analysis approach of (Control) Act, 2005 on the basis of WHO FCTC. Despite of
posts containing an image. enacting law, tobacco industries are violating TAPS ban
Methods in the name of CSR. However, these type of advertising
1303 tweets and accompanying images from 2012, 2014, and promotional activities can be protected through an
2016 and 2018 were analysed, collected through TrISMA effective monitoring system.
(Tracking Infrastructure for Social Media Analysis), a Objectives
contemporary technical and organisational infrastructure To monitor the TAPS violations at the Points of Sales of
for the tracking of public communication by Australian tobacco products in a very systematic way so that district
users of social media, via a list of 15 popular e-cigarette and sub-district level task forces can easily identify
related terms. whether any incidence of TAP violation occurs at the POS.
Results Methods
Despite Australia’s cautious approach toward e-cigarettes IAWER is a systematic monitoring approach where a
and the limited evidence supporting them as an efficacious step by step process is followed through Identification,
smoking cessation aid, there is a concerted effort from Administrative & Awareness, Warning, Enforcement and
some Twitter users to promote these devices as a health Reporting procedures. Through this process, a Point of Sale
conducive (7%) smoking cessation product (20%). Twitter will be informed about TAPS ban first. Then, awareness
is being used in an attempt to circumvent Australian raising and later, warning is given whether any violation
regulation and advocate for a more liberal approach of TAPS ban occurs. Then, enforcement procedure will be
towards personal vaporisers (7%). Twenty-seven percent applied and finally, reporting procedure is completed and
of posts were dedicated to selling or promoting vape will be shared with task force committees. Grambangla
products, and 20% were business listings that used TAPS ban project is successfully adopting IAWER tool to
methods to expand their clientele by touting competitions monitor TAPS violation at POSs.
and giveaways. Results
Conclusion(s) It brought a remarkable success among the POSs. After
The borderless nature of social media presents a clear the initial visits by the monitoring officers, incidences
challenge for the enforcement of Article 13 of the World of TAPS related advertisements have been decreased
Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco significantly. Moreover, the owners of the POS were found
Control, which requires all ratifying nations to implement to be motivated regarding not to use advertising materials
a ban on tobacco, advertising, promotion and sponsorship. for selling any tobacco products.
Countering advertising and promotion of these products Conclusion(s)
will require cross-border cooperation with other WHO Monitoring of TAPS ban violation can be successful only
FCTC parties. by involving civil society groups. But it requires a very
Funding Acknowledgments systematic approach. However, by using the IAWER
This work was supported by a Healthway Exploratory approach through a step by step process, TAPS violation
Research Grant (grant number 32803) and an Australian can be an effective tool for successful monitoring of TAPS
Government Research Training Program Scholarship. ban violations at the point of sales of tobacco products.
The Scholarship is provided by the Commonwealth of Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A113
Australia to support general living costs for students (KM) DOI: 10.18332/tid/141054
undertaking Research Doctorate studies. This research
was also supported by the Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Loopholes of total ban of tobacco advertising,
University 2019 Health Sciences Summer Scholarship promotion and sponsorship in Hong Kong
Initiative. The Scholarship is provided by the Faculty of Lawrence Chu1, Antonio Kwong1, Vienna Lai1, Man-Ping Wang2,
Health Science, Curtin University to support the general Tai-Hing Lam3
1
Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health, Hong Kong, Hong
living costs of undergraduate students (KT) to undertake
Kong SAR PRC, 2School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong,
a research project. All funders had no role in the design Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC, 3School of Public Health,
of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC
of data; and in the decision to present the results. This [email protected]
research was also supported by infrastructure provided Introduction
through the Australian Research Council-funded project Hong Kong has been regulating tobacco advertising,
55
promotion and sponsorship (TAPS) since 1982. Tobacco Objectives

advertising through mass media and tobacco brand name Mobilizing local authority for banning the public ad on
sponsorship have been banned, but not point-of-sale promoting cigarettes by using fake words "quality Japan".
product displays and smoking scenes in mass media, Methods
leaving loopholes for tobacco promotion. Collecting information from JTI, Tobacco Alliance, Task
Objectives Forces and WHO, public awareness were created to make
To examine the exposure to point-of-sale tobacco product movement. Many sessions, workshop, advocacy meeting,
displays and smoking scenes from mass media in Hong rally, Press conference at Upazila and District level were
Kong adults. conducted by involving alliances, 23 active national and
Methods local NGOs to change the laws. Finally position paper
Tobacco Control Policy-related Survey 2017 collected data were submitted to Deputy Commissioners who engaged
from adults aged 15 years or above (N=5131) in Hong Kong, a dedicated 1st class Magistrate for taking actions against
including a random subset of respondents (N=1546; mean the JTI and Tobacco law breakers. The earlier experiences
age 46.4±19.4 years; 43.8% male) who answered questions gained through advocacy with policy makers, electronic
on past 30-day exposure to point-of-sale tobacco product and print media, executives of the government and political
displays and smoking scenes from mass media. They leaders for continuing 2% surcharges on tobacco products.
also answered whether they considered the point-of-sale Results
displays and smoking scenes as pro-smoking to young Given the priority to public health, the Government were
people, and the displays as advertisements. Data were asked to continue 1% HDS on all tobacco products The JTI
weighted by age, sex and smoking status. compelled to modify their transport and the penalties are
Results continued if it repeats. The Magistrate engaged one staff
The subset of respondents contained 287 current smokers, to make follow up on the cases. As a result public health
420 ex-smokers and 839 never smokers. Over half (64.0%) are ensured.
were exposed to point-of-sale tobacco product displays, Conclusion(s)
including 34.6% being often exposed. Overall, nearly The public awareness, advocacy, dedicated Magistrate
half (42.9%) considered the displays as pro-smoking to and electrical and print media compelled JTI to stop open
young people, and majority (74.9%) considered them as promotion and Govt. to continue surcharge to achieve SDG.
advertisements. Exposure to smoking scenes was reported Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A115
by 63.5% of respondents, including 15.9% being often DOI: 10.18332/tid/141056
exposed. The exposure was 52.8% in current smokers and
65.1% in never smokers. Many respondents considered the Compliance scenario of tobacco advertisement
smoking scenes (70.2%) as pro-smoking to young people. or promotion and product display provisions at
Conclusion(s) points of sale in Chattogram city
The loopholes in the TAPS regulations in Hong Kong Mohammad Ataur Rahman1, Pradip Acharjee2, Md. Imran Hossain2,
have left majority of the population directly or indirectly Urmi Barua2, Md. Shariful Alam1
exposed to tobacco promotion. Display of cigarette packs 1
Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids, Washington, United States,
and brand elements at point-of-sale in glamorous light 2
Bangladesh Institute of Theatre Arts, Chittagong, Bangladesh
boxes and display racks becomes the strategy of tobacco [email protected]
advertisements. The Government should ban point- Introduction
of-sale tobacco product displays and smoking scenes Bangladesh government enacted tobacco control (TC)
in mass media to plug the loopholes and discourage law and banned Tobacco Advertisement Promotion &
smoking. Sponsorship (TAPS) at Points of Sale (POSs). Honorable
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A114 Prime Minister declared in an international conference
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141055 that Bangladesh would be tobacco-free by 2040.
Objectives
Combating tobacco by banning promotional To assess the current scenario of tobacco advertisement
or promotion and product display at tobacco points of sale
campaign, continue surcharges for protecting
in Chattogram city
public health Methods
M. Mujibur Rahman1, Md. Billal Hossain Khane2
1
Nice Foundation, Khulna, Bangladesh, 2Ministry of Public A cross-sectional study was conducted at tobacco points
Administration, Khulna, Bangladesh of sale in Chattogram city in January 2019. Systematic
[email protected] random sampling was used for the selection of tobacco
Introduction POSs. Information was collected from tobacco POSs
Last 12 years working on the tobacco control by creating through observation. Trained enumerators collected
public awareness. The tobacco company changes their information using a standardized pre-tested checklist
position and stand silently to publicity of the new brands Results
and products by using low quality materials. Japan Information was collected from a total of 1000 tobacco
Tobacco International (JTI) silently brocken the tobacco points of sale. Overall, of 97% POSs were found with
laws of Bangladesh using the words\"" Quality Japan\"", advertisement, promotion, or display of tobacco
the hidden publicity of cigarettes. Public awareness products. Among the POSs, 86% were found with tobacco
raised by involving civil society, journalists, lawyers, local advertisement or promotion, 86% POSs were found with
administration and medias. It has contributed in tobacco the display of tobacco products, and 75% POSs were
control ratification, formation of national, district and found with both advertisement or promotion and display
Upazila Task Force, increasing tobacco tax regularly and of tobacco products. 64.7% POSs were found Posters/
implementation of GHW). The challenges of sustainable signs/ stickers/ banners as advertisement or promotional
funding is severe as these activities are managed with the materials; 55.7% mockup packs, 48.6% decorated tobacco
help of WHO. products selling box, 38.3% paint, umbrellas, logo; 2.8%
56
POSs were found price discounts as advertisement or Tobacco Industry’s tactics promote cigarette
promotional materials. Tobacco product displays were advertisement at point of sale in Hanoi, Vietnam
found at 73.2% POSs using an organized shelf, 42.7% POSs Nguyen Hanh Nguyen1, Le Thi Thu1, Nguyen Thi Thu Hien2, Pham
using tray, table, or other surfaces, 7.6% POSs using power Thi Hoang Anh1
wall, and 5.3% POSs using the hanging displays. 1
Vietnam Office of HealthBridge Foundation of Canada, Hanoi,
Conclusion(s) Vietnam, 2Faculty of Economics-Law, Thuongmai University,
Hanoi, Vietnam
Tobacco advertisement or promotion and product display
[email protected]
are very high at tobacco points of sale in Chattogram city.
Introduction
Tobacco companies are violating the TC law and attracting
Vietnam Tobacco Control Law have been effective since
people to consume tobacco products, and it has been acting
May 2013, prohibits all types of tobacco advertisement,
as a major barrier to making tobacco-free Bangladesh by
promotion, and sponsorship (TAPS) and allowed to display
2040.
only one cigarette pack/carton per brand at point of sale
(POS). However, the TAPS ban violations at POS is currently
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141057
prevalent. According to a survey in 2015 in 11 provinces in
Vietnam, 100% of observed POS had tobacco advertising or
A new platform taps ban through child friendly promotion activities under various forms
cities Objectives
Nahla Jovial Nisa1, Lisda Sundari1
The study aims to: (1) Get insights into how tobacco
1
Lentera Anak, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
[email protected]
companies deliver promotional allowances, special offers,
Introduction and requirements to retailers, and (2) Describe the types
Based on Lentera Anak TAPS monitoring conducted in of advertisement that tobacco companies conduct at POS.
5 cities, 85% of schools was surrounded by cigarette Methods
advertisements (2015). Furthermore, Children's Forum in This cross-sectional study uses a structural questionnaire
10 cities found 2,868 TAPS (2016). One of child right based conducted from April to June 2018. Eighty retail shops
on convention child rights is right to health. Indonesia has were selected in Hanoi, using convenient sampling. The
emergency youth smokers, prevalence the age group of interview was conducted with retail store owners or
10-14 years keep increasing, doubling in 9 years. Based on managers.
national health research (2018), prevalence child smokers Results
increased to 9.1% or 7.8 million children, whereas the Tobacco companies maintain sustainable cooperation with
National target is 5.4%. In Indonesia, TAPS is not banned retailers in tobacco advertising and promotion programs.
by the government. Regulation mandated TAPS in outdoor Overall, 65% of retail stores joined the partnership through
is banned by the local government. Local government a selection process conducted by sales representatives,
participation is very lack. So, Lentera did another approach and only 8.8% of them are self-enrolled. The three most
to increase participation local government through Child common requirements TI imposes on retailers are banner
Friendly City (CFC) platform because Indonesia has vision installment (86.3%), product placement on display racks
on 2030 become child friendly country. (92.5%), and pack display arrangement (72.5%). In return,
Objectives retailers receive incentives from the TI. Three major
Describe new platform TAPS Ban in Indonesia trough incentives are cash (33.8%), discounts (67.5%), and free
CFC Describe opportunity and threat advocated CFC in cigarettes (40.0%). In addition, TI also offers free phone
Indonesia based on 3 cities cases. cards, exchanging cigarette packs for cash, or invitations
Methods to social events. 68.8% of the retailers said that cigarette
This research used seconder data from Indonesia's sales volume increased after joining partnership programs.
Government Law (PP) 109/2012, Child Protection Law. Also, Conclusion(s)
monitoring and evaluation program through exploratory Tobacco advertising and promotion at POS are proven
study. effective in increasing tobacco sales. To reduce tobacco
Results consumption, the government needs to enforce the TAPS
Since 2016, Lentera Anak has advocated to MoWECP to ban at POS strictly. Retailers who sell cigarettes should be
included smoke-free law and TAPS ban as an indicator. licensed. Pack display at POS should eventually be banned.
Until 2019 there have been 435 cities committed to become Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A118
CFC. However, 103 cities have smoke-free law and only 12 DOI: 10.18332/tid/141059
districts / cities have TAPS BAN. Since 2018-2019 we gave
technical assistance in 7 cities and 3 of them released Big tobacco, tiny targets in Vietnam
Nguyen Mai Ha1, Hoang Minh Tri1
regulation. To released this regulation need commitment 1
Development and Policies Research Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
from mayor, support from technical staff, and encourage [email protected]
from youth and citizen. There also threat from Tobacco Introduction
Industry Interference through their groups. Tobacco retailer violation on Tobacco Advertising and
Conclusion(s) Promotion activities have prevented efforts of Vietnam’s
In Indonesia, advocating TAPS through new platform National Assembly in protecting present and future
CFC is an effective way to encourage local government. generations from the devastating health. Although
Furthermore, Indonesia should have strong regulation Vietnam’s National Assembly issued a variety of laws and
about TAPS not only in health law but also in children legal documents on the tobacco control, there are still no
regulation. effective sanctions for violations of the points of sale. As a
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A117 result, these violations have persisted.
Our study focused on providing strong evidences on tobacco
57
retailers’ violations to persuade relevant authorities and can be considered as an economic exploitation under the
policy advocates into further changing the regulations, as Indonesian law. By doing so, it can limit the intervention of
well as improving law enforcement. tobacco industry in sport activities.
Methods Methods
We performed a wide range of activities in the data This article will use normative approach, focusing on the
collecting period, including: • Conduct the investigation at development of economic exploitation under Indonesian
210 schools in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. • Use the Global Legal system.
Positioning System to locate retailers within a 100-meter Results
radius surrounding selected schools. • Identify tobacco It is argued that although the concept was usually employed
points of sale (POS) in the designated areas and monitor to refer to child labor, it is time to expand it to cover various
them by using a KoBoToolbox form integrated with taking issues including Djarum audition.
pictures. Conclusion(s)
Results Using the concept of economic exploitation should be done
In general, there was a high proportion of observed carefully.
retailers who sold tobacco products within 100-meter Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A120
radius surrounding schools (70.41%), and committing DOI: 10.18332/tid/141061
the Article 25 of the Law on Tobacco Harm Prevention.
58.24% POSs displayed tobacco products at a child’s eye Spotting e-cigarette and vapes in social media:
level. 23.81% POSs sold tobacco products without graphic A continuing problem to tobacco product
health warnings, and violating the Article 15 of the Law on advertising and marketing control
Tobacco Harm Prevention. 33.05% POSs contravened the Sirach Lapyai Loysmut1
Article 9 of the law when advertising the tobacco products 1
Independent researcher
around schools. On the other hand, we found very little [email protected]
evidence that the POSs used price discounts, gifts, and free Introduction
tobacco products as tobacco purchase incentives. E-cigarette, including vapes, are popular in Thailand,
Conclusion(s) although prohibited under several regulation mechanisms
There was a large share or proportion of tobacco retailers and subjected to total ban, but they are smuggled and
breaking laws on tobacco control. Vietnam’s National sold via social media and in markets. Social media are
Assembly should improve law enforcement and strengthen the main venue of e-cigarette and vapes marketing,
sanctions on violations of tobacco selling, displaying, and selling, promotion and advertising in Thailand. Facebook,
marketing to children and young people. Instagram, Twitter and Line become potential influencers
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A119 on e-cigarette and vapes experimentation, exposure and
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141060 purchase.
Objectives
Tobacco industry and sponsorship in Indonesia: This study monitored 20 Fan pages and 20 Instagram ID
The use of the concept of economic exploitation which sell, advertise and promote e-cigarette consumption
for challenging Djarum badminton audition and analyzed marketing content in the selected media.
Patricia Rinwigati Waagstein1 Methods
1
Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids, Jakarta, Indonesia A set of social media monitoring tools were conducted
[email protected] to analyze media data, e-cigarette content, advertising
Introduction appeal and marketing tactics.
Indonesia is not a party of FCTC. TAPS are still allowed Results
with some exceptions depending on the media concerned. Youth groups acknowledged e-cigarette and vapes mostly
In the case of sponsorship, Government Regulation No. through Facebook and IG. The purchase was made through
109/2012 still allows any tobacco sponsorship providing Facebook chat box, personal Line chat and IG direct
that tobacco industry’s sponsorship is not exposed by chat. E-cigarette and vapes appear in social media as
media and it does not contain any logos, brand names advertised product, as pleasure and fashionable smoking.
and/or images. In other words, sponsorship should be E- cigarette and vapes products portrayed in social media
conducted silently. Apparently, this is different from reality. were often glamourized as trendy and enticing, suitable
Djarum, one of the biggest tobacco industries in Indonesia, for modern teen lifestyle. The broad spread of home
has been sponsoring badminton audition for many years. It delivery logistics and e-money payment system helped
targets children from 8 to 18 year-old to join its exclusive to ease e-cigarette purchasing via online media. Product
national badminton club. During the audition, all children advertising is a tactic used mainly to advertise e-cigarette.
were obliged to wear Djarum’s shirt and Djarum logo’s Promotional price, free samples and lucky draws
were placed almost everywhere in 5 different cities namely are offered in social media to boost sales. Advertising
Bandung, Purwokerto, Solo Raya, Surabaya, and Kudus. techniques included showing pretty girls as e-cigarette
Advertisement of this event with Djarum logo and interviews presenters, demonstrate smoking and product review
were nationally conducted. Child exploitation is prohibited in live streaming, claiming testimonial from customers,
under the Law No. 35/2014. This law distinguishes between opening e-cigarette channels on YouTube and referring to
economic exploitation and sexual exploitation. While the teen idols as endorsers of e-cigarette safety. Social media
latter is clearly defined as child prostitution, the former are venues that teens could buy e-cigarette products,
was defined as any action without the consent of a child as a even they are underage.
victim, which use the energy and/or skill of a child by other Conclusion(s)
party to obtain material gain. E-cigarette in social media is a continuous problem to new
Objectives tobacco product control in Thailand and challenges to the
The question was whether the sponsorship by Djarum existing regulatory mechanisms and policies.
58
Funding form was developed to record the number,relevant

This project received support from TRC and Thai Health tobacco advertising,promotion and signs prohibiting sales
Foundation. cigarettes to minors (prohibition signs) information,the
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A121 presence of minors in the selected places, and whether
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141062 to sell e-cigarettes. The methods and contents of the two
surveys were the same.
Factors related to violations of the tobacco Results
control act B.E. 2560 among tobacco retailers in In 2016, tobacco outlets(n=1236): It was observed that
4 regions, Thailand nearly 46% of tobacco outlets had tobacco advertisements,
Chakkraphan Phetphum1, Supatana Chomson1, Artittaya 4% had promotional activities, and 30% didn't display
Wangwonsin1, Kanyarat Thawatchaijaroenying1 "prohibition signs". In 2016, tobacco outlets(n=741):
1
Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Tobacco advertising was observed in nearly 64% of the
Thailand observed places; Among them, tobacco advertisements
[email protected] were found in nearly 65% of the observed places in cities
Objectives and 56% in counties/towns.30% of the outlets found sales
This cross-sectional survey research aimed to study the promotion. It was observed that 58% of tobacco outlets
situation and factors related to the violations of the Tobacco did not display "prohibition signs", also found that 4% of
Product Control Act B.E. 2560 among tobacco retailers. tobacco outlets in the city had seen minors entering stores
Methods to buy cigarettes; 23% of sales outlets in counties and
The samples were 1039 tobacco retailers taken through towns were selling e-cigarettes. In 2019, compared with
a multi stage sampling from 12 provinces in 4 regions. 2016, the number of tobacco advertisements increased by
The data was collected by using self – administered 19 percentage poinst; the number of promotions increased
questionnaires and analyzed by using Chi square statistics by 21 percentage point; the number of banned signs
and logistic regression. increased by nearly 12 percentages point.
The results showed that 63.5% of tobacco retailers had the The results of two surveys in 2019 and 2016 showed that
low knowledge about the Act., 51.9% had the low perceived advertising, promotion and display of prohibited signs at
law enforcement, and 51.6% had the negative attitude the point of sale of tobacco showed an upward trend. As
towards compliance with the law. Moreover, in terms of many as 23% of tobacco outlets in counties/towns sell
violations of the Tobacco Control Act B.E.2560 in the past e-cigarettes, which brings new hidden dangers to tobacco
30 days: 39.4% open display of cigarette at the point of control.
sale, 45.6% selling cigarettes in sticks, and 55.6% selling Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A123
cigarettes to minors. The factors related to violations of the DOI: 10.18332/tid/141064
Tobacco Control Act B.E. 2560 among tobacco retailers at
95% of confidence level such as having a negative attitude Lung diseases and smoking: A systematic
towards compliance with the law (ORAdj=3931), no license
analysis of big data in the era of artificial
to sell cigarettes (ORAdj=2576), to be a grocery store type
(ORAdj=2520), and low perceived of law enforcement
intelligence
Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud1
(ORAdj=1504). 1
Public Health Informatics Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
These findings suggested that government agencies Introduction
involved should strictly enforce the law in particular the ban Cigarette smoking is the major cause of chronic obstructive
on selling cigarettes in sticks, open display of cigarette at pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. Tobacco
the point of sale, and selling cigarettes to minors, together smoke, which consist of solid and liquid particles and
with enhancing measures to change retailer attitude and gases, has thousands of chemical components, including
their perception towards compliance with the laws. many well-characterized toxins and carcinogens. Big data,
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A122 artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning is a promising
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141063 tool that can predict disease very well.
Objectives
Investigation on tobacco advertising for tobacco Our aim was to assess the importance of big data and
outlets in cities in part of China (2016, 2019) artificial intelligence in tobacco control.
Guihua Xu1, Rongxiu Yin1, Bing Zhang1, Tianhong Pei1 Methods
1
Chinese Association on Tobacco Control, Beijing, People's We used the NCBI PubMed database to search six keywords:
Republic of China COPD, chronic inflammation, lung cancer, smoking, big
[email protected]
data and AI in the last six year’s research from 2011 to
Introduction
2017. We found a total of 31 articles. Among these studies,
Investigation on tobacco advertising for tobacco outlets in
we excluded HIV, CVD, and marijuana studies. A very few
cities in Part of China.
studies used the big data, AI concept, that identified these
Objectives
diseases.
To evaluate the situation of tobacco advertising at the
Results
point of sale to provide the basis for the government to
Studies included: Multimodal e-Health services for
strengthen the supervision of tobacco advertising.
smoking cessation used in the SmokeFreeBrain project and
Methods
Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies smoking behavior
In 2016, 1236 tobacco outlets in 11 cities, in 2019 741
among adults. One study shows ventilation/perfusion (V/P)
tobacco outlets in 8 cities and 10 counties/towns, different
single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
types of tobacco outlets(supermarkets, convenience
is recognized as a diagnostic method for the diagnosis
stores, specialty stores) were selected. An observation
59
of pulmonary embolism. Another study shows that the The first smoking age and smoking cessation
strength of hybrid imaging in patients with COPD and long- age is risk factor in the prevalence of chronic
term tobacco smokers is primarily in detecting tumor- obstruction pulmonary disease
suspected changes and lung cancer. Kurnia Dwi Artanti1, Nurul Layly Firdausi2
Conclusion(s) 1
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas
After reviewing all studies, we conclude that tobacco Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, 2Faculty of Public Health,
smoking is a risk factor for lung diseases which can be Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
identified through statistical methods as well as machine [email protected]
learning or AI. These findings have been translated into Introduction
easily consumable content. Compiling and applying big Indonesia ranks the 7th largest in the world in the number
data techniques in tobacco control may identify more of deaths caused by cigarettes, including those caused by
findings that can help in broader aspects for tobacco chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
control. Objectives
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A124 The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141067 of the first smoking age and smoking cessation age on the
prevalence of COPD.
The multi-level factors influencing youth access Methods
The method used was analytic with a cross-sectional
to tobacco, 4 regions in Thailand
Kanyarat Thawatchaijaroenying1, Chakkraphan Phetphum1,
design, taking the data from the Indonesia Family Life
Supatana Chomson1, Artittaya Wangwonsin1 Survey-5 (IFLS-5). Researchers using big data IFLS-
1
Faculty of Public Health, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 5 provided for free research. IFLS-5 was conducted in
Thailand 2014-2015 by the RAND collaborated with Meter Survey
[email protected] conducted in Indonesia. Samples taken were respondents
Objectives of IFLS-5 at all ages, amounting to 34262 people risking
This cross-sectional survey research aimed to analyse the of COPD. Data analysis was partially conducted with the
multi-level factors which influence the access to tobacco chi-square to analyze the relationship between variables.
among youth in Thailand. Results
Methods Smoking status was one of risk factors causing COPD,
Stratified random sampling was applied to select i.e. smoking (p = 0.014; PR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.44),
samples for survey and 12 provinces were selected from smoking cessation age >40 years (p < 0.001; PR = 3.85; 95%
4 regions Thailand. The sample consist of 3600 secondary CI = 2.83 to 5.25); age >40 years (p < 0.001; PR = 3.85; 95%
school students, 3600 student’s parents, 360 teachers, CI = 2.83 to 5.25), the first smoking age <40 years (p = 0.019;
360 community leaders, 1200 tobacco retailers, and 60 PR = 1.22; 95% CI = 1.03-1.44)
provincial tobacco product control committees. The data Conclusion(s)
were collected by self-administered questionnaires and There are relationships between the first smoking age and
analysed by descriptive statistics and hierarchical linear smoking cessation age with COPD.
model using Mplus version 7.11. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A126
The results showed that 20.10% of the secondary school
students had smoked in the past 30 days, most of them Self assessment report of upper elementary
smoked the manufacturing cigarettes (55.12%), followed school students on access to their 1st cigarette
by roll-your-own cigarettes and electric cigarettes equally at Ban Dung District, Udon Thani Province, 2019
(18.11%). They bought the cigarette themselves from Lakkana Ouijirakul1
the grocery stores and convenience stores (63.75%). The 1
Department of Dental Public Health, Bandung Crown Prince
multi-level factors influencing youth access to tobacco Hospital, Udon Thani, Thailand
at statistical significance of 0.05 consist of the positive Introduction
attitude towards smoking (β= 0.109, p < .001), the perceived In 2017, the dental work group Ban Dung Crown Prince
risk of disease (β = -0.096, p < .001), subjective norms (β= Hospital joined the project to help patients quit smoking at
0.061, p = .042), and the perceived marketing strategies the hospital, The Thai Dentist Against Tobacco Project, And
in the tobacco industry (β= -0.060, p = .036), getting social participate in The Project to stop new smokers.
support from parents (β= -0.069, p = .002), getting social Objectives
support from teachers (β= -0.067, p = .029), getting social The purpose of this report is to show survey results about
support from community (β= -0.094, p = .001), and non- the risk of the upper elementary school students in order
smoking community operation (β= -0.275, p < .001). to monitor new smokers at Ban Dung District, Udon Thani
Conclusion(s) Province, 2019.
The results of this research suggest that government Methods
agencies should strengthen law enforcement on restricting Create survey forms through the Google Forms program
access to tobacco of youth under 20 years of age and and publicize through various schools to invite the upper
provide activities to change youth attitude and perception elementary school students take the survey.
towards smoking by focusing on the participation of Results
parents, teachers and the community. Consecutively to the self-responded 2019 be Survey
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A125 among the upper elementary school students in grade
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141069 4, 5 and 6 respondents surveyed 26.4, 30.0 and 30.6 %
respectively. 53.2% of the students live in a family that has
people who smoke. Family members used to use students
to bought cigarettes, up to 37.7 %. Students had friends
who smoked 10.4 %. Family or friends who used to use
60
students to bought cigarettes 25.1%. Student can bought smokeless tobacco users. Tobacco-free environment,
a full pack of cigarettes 59.7% and can bought separate place, transport can be determined by applying existing
packets 40.3%. Students used to be invited by friends to laws in order to discourage smokeless tobacco used.
smoke 11.7 %. Students tried to smoke because their Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A128
friends invited 12.4%. DOI: 10.18332/tid/141026
Conclusion(s)
From the corresponding it shows that there are still a The impact of smoking habits on health status
crime in the community, retail stores in the community related to non-communicable diseases in
are also sold cigarettes to children in school age. The main Indonesia (secondary data analysis of IFLS 4
risk factor is the lack of methods /standards to monitor.
and 5)
Regulate the laws governing tobacco consumption. And Santi Martini1, Asrul Kaimudin1, Atik Choirul Hidajah2
negative reinforcing factors are family and friends that 1
Primary Healthcare, North Maluku, Indonesia, 2Department of
support the youth to buy cigarettes in a variety of behaviors. Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga,
Retailers were failure to ask a minor for age or failure to Surabaya, Indonesia
demand a minor for ID card and sale individual cigarette. [email protected]
The challenge issue and need to resolve. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A127 WHO reports early deaths caused by diseases associated
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141023 with smoking habits, i.e., cancer, heart disease, liver
disease, and stroke reach more than 5 million people each
Knowledge on oro-dental problems among year. Meanwhile, ASEAN is an area with 10% of all world
smokeless tobacco users in an urban area smokers and 20% of the causes of global death due to
Osman Gani Kabir1, Jannatul Fardaus Shorna1, Sumon Shekh1, tobacco. The diseases are categorized as catastrophic
Rakesh Sarker1 diseases. At present, Indonesia is the third-largest
1
Tobacco Control Department, Shoccho Foundation, Dhaka, number of smokers in the world after China and India with,
Bangladesh a consumption of 220 billion cigarettes per year.
Introduction The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact
Oral Health reflects the overall health status of people. of smoking habits on health status related to non-
According to banglapaedia about 90% people has been communicable diseases and develop models of the risk
suffering from a dental problem in Bangladesh. Smokeless of health status related to non-communicable diseases
tobacco use has increased rapidly in the world. This form of among smokers.
tobacco use has many oral effects, including Leucoplakia, Methods
Oral Cancer, loss of periodontium support, and staining This study uses secondary data from the Indonesia Family
of teeth and composite restoration. The systemic effects Life Survey (IFLS 4 in 2007/2008) and (IFLS 5 in 2014/2015).
such as nicotine-takers, transient hypertension, and The population was individuals aged ≥ 18 years recorded in
cardiovascular disease may also result from smokeless a database of IFLS 4 as smokers and still smoking in IFLS
tobacco. 5, they were 6015 respondents. The data collected included
Objectives respondents characteristics, smoking habits, and chronic
The objective of this study is to assess the type of knowledge conditions.
on oro-dental problems among smokeless tobacco users Results
in an urban area. Bi-variate analysis obtained eight variables, those variabels
Methods were age (p = 0.001), gender (p = 0.138), education level (p
A descriptive type of cross-sectional study with 115 = 0.000), area of residence (p = 0.000), ethnic (p = 0.029),
respondents was conducted many upazilla at Cumilla duration of smoking (p = 0.002), number of cigarettes
district in Bangladesh. Based on the age group, 28.7% consumed (p = 0.028), and time interval to start smoking
respondents age were between 26-31 years and 27% (p = 0.238). There were five variables influencing health
respondents ages were between 44-50 years. The status related to non-communicable diseases and the
maximum age was 50 years, and the minimum age was 20 risk model = -3,641 + 0,602 * education (college) + 0,500 *
years. Their mean age was 33.51-38.584. long duration of smoking (>= 10 years) + 0,419 * age (>30
Results years) + 0,374 * residential area (urban) + 0.202 * ethnic
According to the information of this study, 40.90% (non-Javanese).
population were businessmen, 27% service holders, Conclusion(s)
30.90% housewives, 8.70% farmers, and 9.60% other Age, education level, area of residence, ethnicity, and
professionals, respectively. These paper shows, 20.84% duration of smoking are risk factors for non-communicable
of smokeless tobacco users suffered cancer, 33.54% diseases among people having smoking habits.
suffered gingivitis, 17.02% suffered ulcer,12.04% suffered Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A129
periodontitis, 2% suffered dental caries, 5.80 suffered DOI: 10.18332/tid/141025
leukoplakia, 5% suffered oral lesion,2% suffered other
problems. Notice that most people who are affected these Socio-demographic profile of smokeless
oro-dental diseases are businessmen & workers and their
tobacco use in India
education level is primary or illiterate and they are live in Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan1, Chandrashekar Janakiram1,
slum area. K. Vineetha2, Vinita Sanjeevan1
Conclusion(s) 1
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of
Oral & dental problems among smokeless tobacco use Dentistry, Kochi, India, 2Government Dental College, Goa, India
in the urban area were found to satisfactory. Few risk [email protected]
factories were identified and which can be used to guide Introduction
interventions or to improve oral and dental health among Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use is a major concern in the
61
South East Asian region, especially India. Indian smokeless legislation named Himachal Pradesh Prohibition of Sales
products have been reported to be more carcinogenic. of Loose Cigarettes and Biddies and Regulation of Retail
The high prevalence of SLT use is generally attributed to Business of Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act in
ignorance of its detrimental effects on health, low cost the year 2016. This new law provides strict provisions for
and in some instances, religious practices. Hence, socio- banning sale of loose tobacco or single sticks of cigarettes
demographic factors have a major influence on the use and to licence tobacco vendors. Now, it is easy to monitor
and awareness of dangers from SLT use. sales and use of tobacco and to allow a limited number of
Objectives vendors to sell tobacco with strict regulatory provisions.
To assess the influence of socio-demographic factors on The new rules are effective from July 30, 2018.
smokeless tobacco use and its predictors in India. Methods
Methods It is an observational study.
Data from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey-India (GATS- Results
India) 2016–17 was used for the study. GATS is a nationally Before enacting this legislation, most of the vendors were
representative household survey using a standard core selling tobacco with other confectionaries, grocery and
questionnaire, sample design, and data collection and daily need items. The provisions of the new law provides
management procedures. GATS India was conducted in licence to vendors to sell tobacco exclusively only with
2017 using multistage stratified cluster sampling. The stringent restrictions. The fear of losing business is forcing
sample size was 84047 selected households. Independent the vendors not to sell tobacco and to opt for alternate
variables were gender, area of residence, education business. Hence, the availability of tobacco products has
level, occupation, religion and marital status. Dependent reduced remarkably.
variables were the prevalence and patterns, knowledge Conclusion(s)
and perceptions of use of smokeless tobacco. Data was Licensing tobacco vendors is a cost effective tool to
analysed using appropriate statistical tests using SPSS restrict tobacco supplies. The numbers of licences shall
software. be restricted for desired outcomes. A scientific evaluation
Results is needed to guide the future course of action.
A total of 74037 completed individual interviews were Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A131
obtained. Current use of SLT showed significant variation by DOI: 10.18332/tid/141068
gender (male > females), area of residence (rural > urban)
and education (Illiterate > literate) [p<0.001]. Mean age Critical analysis of the tobacco control policies,
of initiation of SLT was significantly higher among males, challenges and opportunities for “Tobacco
the urban population and illiterates [p<0.001]. Attempts Endgame” in India
at quitting using various methods was very low [0.4-4.7]. Gopal Chauhan1
Other tobacco product use was comparatively higher 1
National Health Mission, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
among Christians and Muslims [p<0.001]. Knowledge [email protected]
regarding harmful effects of smokeless tobacco, especially Introduction
oral cancer, also showed a socio-demographic gradient. Various ‘Tobacco Endgame’ strategies have been
Conclusion(s) suggested to phase out tobacco. Reducing availability of
A socio-demographic gradient exists with regard to SLT use tobacco products to younger age groups are the strong
and its predictors in India. Low quit attempts points to the policy recommendations for tobacco endgame. GATS, 2017
poor acknowledgement of SLT as a health hazard. Tobacco shows significant reduction in tobacco use from 34.6%
control strategies need to be tailored to an understanding (2010) to 28.6% in India. There is remarkable decline of
this gradient. 54 % and 33 % in the tobacco use in the age group of
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A130 15-17 and 15-24 years respectively. The age of initiation
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141066 has increased from 17.9 to 18.9 years. Youths (15-29 age
groups) comprises 27.5% of Indian population. Youths
Licensing tobacco vendors in the state are the potential target of tobacco industry and targeted
of Himachal Pradesh, India: Challenges, interventions are needed to protect them.
opportunities and the way forward to implement Objectives
Need for integrated and targeted interventions for
the new legislation
Gopal Chauhan1 protecting youths for achieving tobacco endgame.
1
National Health Mission, Himachal Pradesh, India Methods
[email protected] The rationalist model by Carl V. Patton has been used for
Introduction the policy analysis. The MPOWER policies, Indian Tobacco
Himachal Pradesh with a population of about 7 million control laws (COTPA), National Tobacco Control Program
is the first smoke-free state among all 21 large states (NTCP), Consumer Protection act, Food Safety act
in India. The state has achieved substantial progress in (FSSAI), Juvenile Justice act, Tobacco Vendors Licensing
implementation of MPOWER policies which resulted in a act, Municipalities act, Poison act and Central Board of
significant reduction in tobacco use from 21.2 to 16 % since Secondary Education (CBSE) guidelines are analyzed to
GATS -1. MPOWER policies are mainly focused demand explore the potential strategies for protecting youths from
reduction. Hence, tobacco control leaders are advocating tobacco use.
for licensing tobacco vendors to reduce easy availability Results
of tobacco products as an effective supply side measure. MPOWER policies and COTPA provides restrictions on
Objectives sale of tobacco near educational institutes. NTCP contains
Keeping in view the rampant availability of tobacco products specific awareness activities for youth protection. Food
and huge purchase of loose cigarette (>70%), especially by Safety act prohibits sale and manufacture of smokeless
youth, the Government of Himachal Pradesh enacted new tobacco. Consumer Protection act and Juvenile Justice
62
act have the most stringent provisions to protect youths Comparison of tobacco use in youth between
from tobacco. The CBSE has also issued guidelines to two South Asian countries for last decade:
protect children from tobacco. Currently, these strategies Analysis from nationally representative GYTS
are implemented in isolations. Despite minimal effort on survey
youth protection, GATS results shows a huge decline in Md Shehab Uddin Al Abid1, Sohel Reza Choudhury1, Md Mostafa
tobacco use among youths. Monower1
Conclusion(s) 1
Department of Epidemiology and Research, National Heart
Currently, there is little attention on protecting youth from Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
tobacco use in India. GATS - 2017 results are motivating [email protected]
in terms of huge reduction in tobacco use among youths. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A132 Tobacco which is also known as “Gateway drug” is one of
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141070 the leading preventable cause of premature death around
world. Youths are prime target of tobacco industry because
Enabling security forces as change agents in they are the long term user. So, tobacco consumption in
empowering and mobilizing local communities youth poses a significant public health problem.
Objectives
towards tobacco control
Hansamali Wickramasooriya1, Krishani Jayasinghe1, Saman
This study aimed to analyze and compare prevalence of
Kumara1, G. N. Duminda Guruge1 youth tobacco use, behavior and factors associated in
1
Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Bangladesh & Sri Lanka in between 2007-2015 utilizing
Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka Global youth tobacco survey (GYTS) data.
Introduction GYTS is a nationally representative survey on youth
Tobacco epidemic has identified as a major public health tobacco use. In between 2007-2015, there were 2 GYTS
issue in Sri Lanka. It causes nearly 20000 mortalities survey conducted both in Bangladesh (2007 & 2013) & Sri
annually in the country. While government and other Lanka (2007 & 2015). Prevalence percentages of different
relevant parties take number of actions to address the forms of tobacco use & factors influencing tobacco use
issue, this study involved security forces as they have been were examined using SPSS 23.
recognized as key persons with a well-built reputation in Results
the nation by citizens In 2007, prevalence of youth tobacco users in Bangladesh
Objectives & Sri Lanka was 6.8% & 9.6% respectively. Afterwards, in
To train and enable security forces personnel as change Bangladesh-2013 prevalence percentage was 6.9% and
agents to address tobacco epidemic in local communities. in Sri lanka-2015 was 3.7%. Cross-tabulations showed
Methods that there was significant reduction of smokeless tobacco
Sample was selected purposively and comprised with user in Sri Lanka than Bangladesh; Second-hand smoke
550 security forces personnel in North and North Central exposure both at home and public place significantly
provinces in Sri Lanka. A series of training programs were reduced in Sri Lanka, anti-tobacco campaign & tobacco
conducted with them with the technical support of Rajarata education were higher in Sri Lanka, pro-tobacco
University. Participants were initially educated about the advertisements were less in Sri Lanka than Bangladesh. It
real harm of tobacco usage, myths and conceptions related was found that age, gender, second-hand smoke exposure
to tobacco usage and strategies used by tobacco industry & availability of free tobacco were significantly (P<0.001)
to promote tobacco usage. Then several training sessions associated with tobacco use among youth.
were conducted to develop their skills and continuous feed Conclusion(s)
backs were given to build them as change agents to take Being in a relatively better position compared to Sri Lanka
actions in empowering and mobilizing local communities, in 2007, Bangladesh lagged behind them in controlling
school children as well as people in working environments youth tobacco use. Presence of FCTC compliant law and
towards tobacco control. Video clips of success stories appropriate policies with strong implementation have
on tobacco control and evidenced based activities which influence on youth tobacco behavior as evident from
were conducted by different communities were used as difference of tobacco related indicators in two countries.
supportive materials. Follow up was conducted for three This study will give a helpful insight regarding influencing
months after the program via telephone conversations factors of youth tobacco use & re-evaluation of tobacco
and needed data were gathered by written reports once in control policies in respective countries.
three months. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A134
27% of participants have took effective actions to empower
local communities to address the real harm of tobacco Overview of Tobacco Control Progam in
usage, identify and address industrial strategies to Indonesia, 2018
promote tobacco usage among youth and school children Mugi Wahidin1, Muhammad Sugeng Hidayat2
and address myths and conceptions related to tobacco 1
National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry
usage. of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2Directorate of Non Communicable
Conclusion(s) Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Health, Jakarta,
Security forces personnel as a recognized party in the Indonesia
[email protected]
nation can be used as change agents to control tobacco
epidemic by empowering and mobilizing local communities Introduction
in Sri Lanka. Indonesia is facing a problem of high smoking prevalence.
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A133 One third of Indonesian adult population (60 millions)
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141072 was active smokers, from 34.7% in 2007, 36.5% in 2013
and 33.8% in 2018. Government of Indonesia has been
63
implementing tobacco control programs, although it did Results

not ratified Framework Convention of Tobacco Control 65.0% of samples have not complied with the law at
(FCTC). least 1 article in 1 year ago. Among these, 50.8% was
Objectives moderate intention to comply with the law. Seven factors
The study aimed to overview the tobacco control program were significantly related to intention to comply with the
in Indonesia up to 2018. law with statistical significance (p < 0.05) composing of
Methods receiving an advice or supporting items from cigarette
This study was descriptive. Secondary data was collected dealers, perception of the law, opening hours of tobacco
from Directorate of NCD Control and NIHRD, MoH, stores each day, non - compliance issues, attitudes,
and other related sources. Steps of activities included subjective norm which are government organization and
literature review, data collection, data management and perceived behavioral control towards compliance with the
data analysis. law. Based on the results, three in seven factors could
Results statistically predict intention to comply with the law up to
Ministry of Healh conducted regular health research, 73.6% (Nagelkerke R2 = 0.736) composing of perception of
including variable of tobacco use in 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016, the law, perceived behavioral control and attitude towards
and 2018. Government of Indonesia have issued smoke- compliance with the law.
free areas policies for minimum at 7 public places. All Conclusion(s)
34 provinces (100%) issued the provincial policy and 345 The recommendations are to strengthen the engagement
out of 514 (67%) did so. There was 234 out of 9909 (2.4%) activities to comply with the law as well as providing
primary health centers, 414 health professionals, and 337 incentive by various approach in case of those are in
teachers were trained for smoking cessation since 2014. compliance with the law.
Quiteline was another cessation program with free toll at Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A136
0-800-177-6565 from 8am till 4pm since 2016. Pictorial DOI: 10.18332/tid/141078
health warning was implemented for tobacco package
since 2014 (40% in the package). There was a limitation of In-school tobacco control leadership
promotion and advertisement in television after 9.30pm programme for adolescents: A route to tobacco
with strict criteria and access of information technology free generation
for tobaccco only for adult people (18+ years). Meanwhile, Tshering Doma Bhutia1, Abhiram Mehendale1, Anamika Dutt1
tobacco tax (excise) was average 45% from consumer 1
Salaam Bombay Foundation, Mumbai, India
prize, with increase 10% each year. It still below WHO [email protected]
target at minimum of 75%. Introduction
Conclusion(s) Creating awareness on harms of tobacco and tobacco
Tobacco control program in Indonesia was generally control law, building capacities of school going adolescents
developed following MPOWER-WHO guideline. The to enable them to fight for their right of tobacco free
program should be increased, strengthened and covered environment is the most effective long term solution to
comprehensive aspects of tobacco control to decrease counter youth centered marketing strategies of tobacco
tobacco use. industry. Salaam Bombay Foundation (SBF) has been
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A135 implementing In-school Tobacco Control Leadership
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141077 Programme in 350 Mumbai schools
Objectives
Factors affecting compliance intention on Objectives of In-school Tobacco Control Leadership
Tobacco Product Control Act among tobacco Programme are, creating awareness on harms of tobacco,
retailers around school of the 5th regional tobacco control law and stakeholders in tobacco control,
building life skills and leadership skills to transform
health in Thailand
Nara Thiamkhli1, Sarunya Benjakul1, Tharadol Kengganpanich1 adolescents into change agents to work as tobacco control
1
Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand advocates demanding tobacco free environment.
Introduction In-school Tobacco Control Leadership Programme is
Non – compliance on tobacco products control act of designed for 7th, 8th and 9th graders. The programme
tobacco retailers around schools are able to induce involved in-school tobacco control awareness sessions
smoking initiation through easy access to cigarette. followed by activities to reinforce the information given
Objectives through the sessions. 7th grade students are involved in
To describe the intention and factors affecting intention to anti-tobacco awareness activities and 8th and 9th graders
comply with Tobacco Products Control Act B.E. 2560 (2017) are given opportunities to reach out to stakeholders
based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) among and policymakers through various platforms to demand
tobacco retailers at grocery stores around schools who stringent implementation of tobacco control law.
were not complied with the law. Results
Methods The results of outcome assessment show that In-school
The samples were 203 tobacco retailers at grocery stores Tobacco Control Leadership Programme has a long term
locating around government high schools within a radius positive effect on attitude and behavior of adolescents. In
of 1000 meters and in municipal areas of 4 provinces in recent outcome assessment conducted in 2017-18, 88%
the 5th Regional Health, Ministry of Public Health. These adolescents reported that they disseminated anti-tobacco
provinces are in the central region of Thailand. Data were information received through sessions, among peers and
collected by interview questionnaire during July 2019. family members. 24% admitted that whenever tobacco was
Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used offered to them by friends, they refused it and informed the
to analyze data. friends about health harms of tobacco.40% adolescents
64
admitted that they stay away from tobacco as they are fully [email protected]
aware of magnitude of health harms of tobacco, while 20% Introduction
reported they avoid tobacco consumers' company. Foreign cigarettes are being sold in different places
Conclusion(s) in Bangladesh for a long. An E-cigarette includes with
School based tobacco control programme helps to create this which play a role in creating more smokers. Boys
tobacco free environment at schools and causes long term and girls of school and colleges were being attracted
impact on adolescents' behavior and equips them to stay to foreign cigarettes. In the existing Tobacco control
away from tobacco throughout life. law of Bangladesh, there are provisions to stop selling
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A137 non-approved cigarettes. The organization Development
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141079 for Disadvantaged People (DDP) is working on stopping
the import and selling of foreign cigarettes at Sirajganj.
A portrait of public interest between cigarettes Sirajganj district is the first where activities are done to
& e-cigarettes in Indonesia: Google Trends implement this particular provision of the act.
Nurbaiti Nurbaiti1 Objectives
1
Health Polytechnic Jakarta II, Ministry of Health, Indonesia DDP aimed to aware and sensitized local government,
[email protected] activists, as well as media and general people.
Indonesia is a country with a potential cigarette market DDP collected information and pictures throughout the
in the world. In the past 5 years, e-cigarette products month. Discussed with local media representatives and
have entered the Indonesian market. With the issuance publish news in the newspaper. Shared and discussed the
of a marketing permit for e-cigarette products by the information in the district task force committee meeting.
government, the use of e-cigarette products may change In the meeting, a decision for conducting mobile court
the style of smoking in the community. Google Trends is and discussed with the executive magistrate regarding
big data that has been widely used to analyze changes in the issue.
public interest toward smoking. Results
Objectives Overcoming the obstacles, effective results come out
The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in public after taking various initiatives. Foreign cigarettes are not
interest in smoking choices using Google Trends. The data sold anywhere in the Sirajganj district. Many are quitting
is Indonesian Google trends data from 2015 to 2019. cigarettes due to unavailability of foreign cigarettes as they
Methods thought it is less harmful. Thirty-four shopkeepers have
This research uses Google Trends to analyze people's been penalized with 800000 Taka and destroyed foreign
interest in smoking by using 3 keywords, namely cigarettes, cigarettes valued at 380000 Taka. Many shopkeepers
electric cigarettes, and vape. In community the e-cigarette signed a bonds for never selling foreign cigarettes. The
product is widely known as a vape product. Google only cigarettes with graphic health warnings is available
records and documents people's behavior in searching in the market. Market Monitoring Officer is also seriously
for information through keywords on the internet. Google monitoring this issue with other products. General people
Trends data is presented in the form of relative search of Sirajganj are now well aware that foreign cigarettes are
volume (RSV). The data in the range of values from 0-100. illegal products.
The data were visually analysed. Conclusion(s)
Results Despite taking the decision about the mobile court, it
In Indonesia the public interest towards cigarettes, doesn’t happen due to various reasons. Need to advocate
e-cigarettes and vape products in 2015-2019 is increasing. with the local government repeatedly for conducting
The interest in vape products is higher than cigarettes mobile court to implement TC law.
and e-cigarettes. There are 5 regions with the highest Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A139
public interest in vape products, namely the provinces of DOI: 10.18332/tid/141081
Bali, Bangka Belitung Islands, North Sulawesi, Jambi and
Banten. An assessment of the deterrence effects
Conclusion(s) of nationwide smoking ban based on the
The Indonesian market is flooded with e-cigarette products, perception of thomasian student-smokers
including vape. Google trends analysis shows the results John Braynel Mago Pural1
of the search for e-cigarettes, especially vape products 1
University of Santo Tomas, Philippines
increased in various regions of Indonesia. This condition is [email protected]
an alarming sign for preventing the impact of smoking on Introduction
people in Indonesia. While the policy on preventing people This paper is a perceptual deterrence study of the
from e-cigarettes is still unclear. Executive Order No. 26 of 2017 commonly known as
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A138 Nationwide Smoking Ban Law being implemented in the
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141080 Philippines. The Executive Order No. 26 is mainly based on
the Classical Theory of Criminal law which stresses upon
Stopping illicit foreign cigarette business in the punishable act rather than the violator himself. For this
local area of Bangladesh: ‘Sirajganj’ is a model reason and for the current lax of enforcement of this law,
district “smoke-free” environment cannot be attained. Still, the
Quazi Md. Sohel Rana1, Aminul Islam Sujon2, Syeda Anonna penalization aspect of the law is justified as the law itself
Rahman3, Advocate Syed Mahbubul Alam4, Md. Abu Rayhan3 seeks to punish offenders for the wrong committed.
1
Development of Disadvantage People (DDP), 2National Tobacco Objectives
Control Cell, Health Services Division, Ministry of Health and This paper contends that imposing deterrent factors: a.
Family Welfare, 3Work for a Better Bangladesh (WBB) Trust, certainty of being caught and b. severity of the punishment
4
The Union
offer no credible evidence in reducing cigarette smoking in
65
public places particularly in urban schools. This paper also people so that they can protest against smoking at the
contends that the law must treat the smoking phenomena public places or inside the public transport as well as to
as public health related crime, and not a heinous crime insist them to change their bad habits. Members of the
which must be addressed by penalising the violators. households are getting benefits from this type of social
Methods awareness campaign on bad effect of indirect smoking at
This study examines the current perceived certainty and home or at public places.
severity of the punishment based on the perception of Conclusion(s)
Thomasian student-smokers in public places in the vicinity With the single help of tobacco control law, 100% smoking
of University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines through free public places and transports is difficult task. We will
quantitative and qualitative survey with 100 respondents. be able to protect the families along with outsiders of
The data was subjected to statistical based analysis in families from the loss of passive smoking if we initiate the
accordance with perceptual deterrence study. anti-tobacco meeting in addition with family meeting.
There is no causal and direct relationship between the DOI: 10.18332/tid/141085
extent of smoking and the law being implemented. The
data were interpreted in relation to existing literature on Model for police enforcement of “The Cigarette
the subject. And Other Tobacco Product Act” (COTPA)
Conclusion(s) Pramod Kumar1, Sanjay Seth1, Somil Rastogi1
The findings are not consistent with the Deterrence 1
Sambandh Health Foundation, Gurugram, Haryana, India
Theory. Changes in the approach of the law and its [email protected]
current implementation are essential to achieve desired Introduction
goal. Smoking Ban can only be achieved as long as the COTPA enforcement is inadequate across the country
government can create a strong impression that violators and during 2013-17 only 10154 people had been fined
will be fined/caught. Certainty of being caught must be for COTPA violations in Delhi. Police, the main enforcing
improved exponentially to achieve a smoke-free school agency under COTPA, had taken very little action as their
environment. priorities are crime and law & order. The major challenge
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A140 was to engage the Police officials for COTPA enforcement.
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141083 Sambandh Health Foundation team took up the challenge
to involve the police officials in enforcing the Act and
Creating smoke-free community ensuring institutionalizing it.
smoke-free home Objectives
Mir Abdur Razzak1, Syeda Anonna Rahman2, Aminul Islam Sujon3, Our Main objective to protect 82.2% of non smoker from
Md. Abu Rayhan2 deadly tobacco by using effective enforcement model on
1
Social Advancement Forum (SAF), Kushtia, Bangladesh, 2Work for public place. In Delhi 17.8% (25 Lac) of adult population
a Better Bangladesh (WBB) Trust, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 3National (15+ years) consumes tobacco in some or the other form.
Tobacco Control Cell, Health Services Division, Ministry of Health Nearly 14.6% of the youth (13-15 years) consume tobacco
and Family Welfare, Bangladesh in some form or other (Global Youth Tobacco Survey -
[email protected]
2009). Also we have to reduce initiation of tobacco. now
Introduction
Every day more than 80 children in Delhi initiate tobacco
Government of Bangladesh has enacted the Smoking
consumption.
and Using of Tobacco Products (Control) Act, 2005 and
Methods
Amendment in 2013. But, there is no law existing to protect
The steps taken to activate the police step1: sensitization
the non-smoker family members from the indirect harm of
and advocacy with the top most officials of Police. Step2:
smoking. Smokers deal a great damage to their lives and
District-wise Training and police station-wise hands-on
their family members willingly or unwillingly. SAF working
training on COTPA and how to enforce step3: monitoring
on tobacco control issue for ensuring good health and
and motivating police.
well-being of the people.
Results
Objectives
This approach is a sustainable model of enforcement.
To protect the non-smoker family members from the
Before the intervention, Delhi police had done 796 challans
indirect harm of smoking representative of SAF inform
(fines) - during FY 2016-17. After SHF team intervened the
the head of the family about the harmful sides of smoking
number of fines rapidly went up to 30334 during FY 2017-
and taking initiatives.
2018, 49693 in FY 2018-2019 and 41286 in FY 2019-2020
Methods
September 2019. In Delhi I found more than 90% People
SAF is member of Bangladesh Anti-Tobacco Alliance and
fined for smoking on public place, which was the main
district tobacco control taskforce committee. SAF adopted
cause for passive smoking in Delhi.
two way strategy one is at the family level and other in
Conclusion(s)
the community or public sphere. SAF conducted public
It was difficult to get attention of police officials on regular
awareness at the community level through printing of
basis but proper sensitization led to putting COTPA
posters, leaflet and stickers on `Smoking Free Home'
enforcement on police’s priority. Proper enforcement of
or `Welcome to Smoke-free Home', organizing cultural
COTPA leads to reduced prevalence of tobacco use and
shows, courtyard meetings with the community groups.
saves lives.
Besides, media campaign was conducted using print and
electronic media for wider publicity.
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141086
Results
SAF tried to convince thousands of families about harmful
effect of indirect smoking successfully. Besides, the
campaign helped building capacity among the community
66
Smokeless tobacco consumption and its correlates for formulating effective tobacco control
consequences on oral health status among the measures.
elderly women in selected slum areas of Dhaka Objectives
city The present study analyzes the Global Adult Tobacco
Rakesh Sarker1, Sumon Shekh2, Jannatul Fardaus Shorna2 Survey 2016-17 (GATS-2); a) To estimate the prevalence
1
MANOBIK, 2Shoccho Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh of individual forms of tobacco use among adolescents and
[email protected] youth aged 15-24 years; and b) To assess the association
Introduction of socio-demographic factors with tobacco use.
The consumption of unburned tobacco, in the form of Methods
chewing, spitting, dipping, and snuff. Consumers chew The source of data was a cross-sectional GATS-2 survey in
tobacco in the mouth and spit out juice that builds up. India (analyzed in SPSSv17.0) which utilized a multistage,
Nicotine and other constituents are absorbed in the lining geographically stratified cluster sampling method.
of oral cavity. Smokeless tobacco has a disproportionate Unadjusted Odds ratio was calculated for evaluation of
impact in some countries and subpopulations. For possible association with socio-demographic factors, and
consuming regular smokeless tobacco, there might be adjusted Odds Ratio (bivariate logistic regression analysis)
seen a physiological changes to the oral cavity as well as identified independent factor correlation (adjusted for
oral health of the users. confounding factors) (95% CI, *p<0.05).
Objectives Results
To find out the oral health status of smokeless tobacco There were 13329 respondents (44.9% boys and 55.1%
users among elderly women in a community (urban slum girls) aged 15-24 years. The calculated prevalence of
area). smoking and smokeless tobacco use were 5% and 10.9%
Methods respectively. There were 2% respondents reporting dual
Descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted use. Overall, 11.9% respondents were using \'any\' form
upon 213 females from slums of Dhaka named Mohakhali of tobacco (one in eight). On comparison with socio-
Sattola, Begunbari, Mirpur, Mohammadpur, Sabujbagh demographic factors, the odds of using \'any\' tobacco was
and Kamrangir Char with an age group between 30 to 80 significantly higher among respondents aged 20-24 years
years who used smokeless tobacco. [OR: 2 (1.76-2.77)], rural areas [OR: 1.36 (1.2-1.54)], and
Results unmarried [OR: 1.56 (1.37-1.88)]. The odds of using \'any\'
Majority of the respondents (78.40%) were muslim. 89.20% form of tobacco was significantly lower among females
were married and around half of them were illiterate. [OR: 0.21 (0.19-0.24)], literate individuals [OR: 0.33 (0.29-
Maximum respondent’s (65.73%) monthly income was 0.37)] and unemployed/students/retired/homemakers
between 5001-15000 BDT. Mother’s habit of 83.57% was (occupation) [OR: 0.44 (0.39-0.50)].
smokeless tobacco. Place of taking smokeless tobacco Conclusion(s)
of maximum respondents (60.56%) was at home. The The overall tobacco use of approx. 12% among 15-24 year
time of consuming smokeless tobacco for 63.85% after olds is a matter of concern. Also, many socio-demographic
meal. 33.33% were using zorda, 15.49% use sadapata, factors were significantly associated to tobacco use,
9.86% use gul, 45.07% start using tobacco for the first implying the need for targeted intervention strategies to
time at age of 25-30 years old. One third of respondents combat the situation.
regular consumed smokeless tobacco from 6-9 times a Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A144
day. Only 32.39% who had taken attempt to stop consuming DOI: 10.18332/tid/141091
smokeless tobacco. About half of respondents (49.76%)
had got advised to stop using smokeless tobacco. Most IAWER technique to Implement TAPS Ban
of them (76.06%) had been facing any oral abnormalities. Md. Abu Rayhan1, Aminul Islam Sujon2, Samiul Hassan Shajib1,
Among all, 20.37% respondents had gingival problem, Syeda Anonna Rahman1, Syed Mahbubul Alam3
16.05% had both gingival & ulcerative problems, 14.20%
1
Work for a Better Bangladesh (WBB) Trust, Bangladesh, 2National
Tobacco Control Cell, 3International Union Against Tuberculosis
had only ulcerative problem.
and Lung Disease
The data achieved from this study would be helpful in Introduction
tobacco control and to protect public health. Section 5 of the 2013 amendment of the Smoking and
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A143 Tobacco Products Uses (Control) Act banned direct
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141088 and indirect tobacco advertisement and promotions.
National Tobacco Control Cell (NTCC) of the Government
Tobacco use amongst adolescents and youth of Bangladesh is continuing various efforts to ensure
in India: Evidence from Global Adult Tobacco effective enforcement of this law and Tobacco Industries
Survey-2 (2016-17) (TIs) are violating law in various ways.
Tanu Anand1, Shekhar Grover2, Jugal Kishore3 Objectives
1
Indian Council of Medical Research,India, 2Maulana Azad Institute Identify gaps and challenges of the enforcement of tobacco
of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India, 3Vardhman Mahavir Medical
control law that banned tobacco advertisements and
College, New Delhi, India
[email protected]
promotions and TIs tactics.
Tobacco use is a serious public health concern affecting Bangladesh Anti-Tobacco Alliance (BATA), national anti-
the youth and adolescents world over. A vast majority of tobacco platform used map, monitor & collect information
tobacco users initiate well before the age of 18 years. Due about TIs activities regarding advertisement, promotion,
to enormous psychosocial and health effects of tobacco and sponsorship. Across the country, BATA members
on adolescence and youth, it is pertinent to understand followed IAWER techniques (Identification, Administrative
the burden of tobacco use and its socio-demographic and Awareness, Warning, Enforcement, Reporting and
67
Result). Then the findings with a forwarding letter was sent the police personnel could bring a grand success to the
to the relevant authorities (such as district/sub-district smoke-free initiatives of DMP.
administrations and district/sub-district Task-forces) to Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A146
take proper action against law violation by TIs. As a part of DOI: 10.18332/tid/141093
intervention, various campaigns was organized, meetings
to sensitize shop owners and different stakeholders with Gap analysis on Thailand’s regulatory
highlighting TC law that banned TAPS. framework vis-à-vis Framework Convention on
Results Tobacco Control towards the policy development
Through in-depth observation around the country, this
on more comprehensive tobacco control
study found that, TIs are advertising tobacco products by
using brand color, logo/symbol and sample packets of
measures
Kuanruthai Siripatthanakosol1
cigarettes. TIs are setting up decorated points of sale of 1
Independent Scholar, Bangkok, Thailand
tobacco products in the public places including in-front [email protected]
of schools, play grounds etc. to attract young people. TIs Introduction
attracting people (both shop owner & users) by giving them No one can deny that tobacco causes harm to human lives,
gifts. TIs also sponsor cultural and sport events as part of socio-economic losses and environmental devastation.
their Corporate Social Responsible (CSR) activities. Once In Thailand, at least 50000 people killed each year from
BATA and member organizations informed authorities all forms of tobacco use. Although the overall prevalence
about the violation of law then authorities’ conducts mobile of smoking has declined, the number of smokers aged
courts to remove advertisements. between 19 – 24 years old has been increasing since 2014.
Conclusion(s) Thailand has been actively in controlling tobacco use for over
To protect youth from initiation of smoking, implementation two decades and joined force with international community
of TAPS Ban provision is important. For this purpose, by ratifying the WHO - Framework Convention on Tobacco
IAWER is an effective technique that provides opportunity to Control - WHO FCTC. to enforce the FCTC through its
increase awareness and warn people before enforcement. national policy and legal framework and is bound to report
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A145 progress made under its tobacco control initiatives.
This study is to conduct situational and gap analysis of
Implementation of the tobacco control law: Thailand’s tobacco control measures vis-à-vis WHO FCTC
Ensuring 'smoke-free environment' in police and to offer policy direction to strengthening its tobacco
stations control measures.
RM Faizur Rahman1 Methods
1
Bangladesh Police, Dhaka, Bangladesh This study is a documentary research whereby findings
[email protected] are validated by a group of experts from government and
Introduction non - government organizations.
The warning ‘Smoking kills’ is used by tobacco companies Results
in the packet of cigarette to make people aware of the The evidence-based review shows that Thailand's tobacco
related health hazards but it seems that people are still control measures are relatively strong and comply well with
not aware of the dangers. Nearly half (43%) of Bangladeshi the WHO FCTC, in terms of tax measures, health warning on
adults aged 15 years and older, over 41.3 million are current packaging and labelling, advertisement, market promotion
tobacco users. The proportion of users is double in males and sponsorship. Despite the legislation in place, these
(58%) than that of females (29%). Each year in Bangladesh, measures need a strong monitoring and reporting
tobacco kills 57000 people and causes 1.2 million tobacco mechanism to ensure strong compliance. Thailand should
related illnesses. also make serious efforts on reduction of demands and
Objectives supply, including awareness raising programmes, tobacco
To ensure smoke-free environment in the Police Stations cessation, prohibition of tobacco sale to underage, smoke-
in Dhaka. free environment and illicit trade of tobacco products. It is
Methods more importantly to note that Thailand urgently needs to
Primarily DMP Headquarters along with eight police improve the progress towards support for economically
stations from the eight crime zones of Dhaka city has viable alternatives and protection of the environment and
initiated this project to address the problem by using the health of persons.
programmatic approaches. Consequently, numerous Conclusion(s)
workshops have been arranged at the police stations If these gaps are closed, Thailand ‘s tobacco control could
and special rewards have been awarded for compliance. bring more positive outcomes to saving more lives and
Moreover, visualizations of adverse consequences of driving sustainable development.
tobacco consumption are circulated in different media. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A147
Accordingly, detrimental health issues of tobacco are DOI: 10.18332/tid/141094
published in forms of stickers, booklets and banners
Results Observational study on reduction in tobacco
The author has delineated experiences of ensuring
prevalence: Role of smoke-free rules
smoking free environment at the police stations of Dhaka
city which will not only demotivate the smokers but also
implementation in Kerala
Somil Rastogi1, Rajender Kumar1
increase the knowledge of the law enforcers about the 1
Smoking and Tobacco Products Usage (Control) Act 2005. [email protected]
Continuous monitoring and awareness building among India with effective tobacco control policies has seen 6%
68
reduction of tobacco prevalence from GATS-1 (2009-10) to Objectives

GATS-2 (2016-17) while Kerala, a state in south India with a To describe the factors influencing e-cigarette initiation,
population of 34.5 million (2018) witnessed 8.7% reduction. maintenance and cessation, and determine opportunities
India has a tobacco control law called Cigarettes and Other for health promotion intervention.
Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) which has provision for Methods
smoke-free. Kerala was the best state in term of COTPA Participants were recruited through online e-cigarette
implementation with 34.38% of total COTPA cases and only forums, closed social media groups, and snowball
2.76% population of India. sampling to participate in face-to-face and telephone (only
Objectives when required) interviews. To be eligible to participate
Examining factors responsible for significant reduction interviewees were required to be current or past (within the
of tobacco prevalence in Kerala in relation with last 12 months) e-cigarette users, aged 18 years or older,
implementation of smoke-free rules. and reside within the Perth Metropolitan or Peel Region
Methods of Western Australia. Interviews were audio recorded and
Data from Kerala Police for action under COTPA from transcribed verbatim before being imported into NVivo
year 2013 to 2018 was collected and examined. GATS-1 software for analysis.
and GATS-2 data of Kerala was also screened for tobacco Results
prevalence pattern. It was observed that from GATS 1 to Thirty-seven interviews were conducted (11 female, 26
GATS 2, prevalence of any tobacco use has decreased from male), with data analysis continuing. Preliminary results
21.4% to 12.7% while there was 4.1% points decrease in suggest: Factors influencing initiation: poor health,
the prevalence of smoking. As per Kerala Police, total desire to quit smoking, family, cost of tobacco, influence
812654 violators were fined under different section of of other vapers, and the internet/social media. Factors
COTPA between year 2013 to 2018 in Kerala, out of which supporting maintenance: improved health, quit smoking,
96.5% i.e. 784203 were fined for smoking in public places. decreased cost, vaping community (online, other vapers
Year wise details are shared below. Years 2013, 2014, 2015, and vape stores), enjoyment, hobby, and starting a vaping
2016, 2017, and 2018 violators fined for public smoking related business. Factors influencing cessation: relapse to
were 57937, 90396, 162151, 201085, 162606, and 110028 cigarettes, and if new research determined vaping was bad
respectively. for health and/or worse than tobacco.
Due to rigorous and sustained implementation of COTPA The only reason participants said they would cease
in Kerala, there was 40.65% absolute reduction in tobacco using e-cigarettes is if research determined vaping was
prevalence. There was 10% reduction in exposure to SHS detrimental to their health and/or worse than tobacco.
at any public place. It also inspired 2.3% more smokers to As data analysis continues this study aims to determine
make a quit attempt. where then are our opportunities for health promotion
Conclusion(s) intervention?
Sustained enforcement of smoke-free rules by the Kerala Funding
Police induced to social behavior changes which lead to This work was supported by a Healthway Exploratory
reduction in tobacco consumption and ultimately to lesser Research Grant (grant number 32803) and an Australian
burden of tobacco induced diseases. Government Research Training Program Scholarship.
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A148 The Scholarship is provided by the Commonwealth of
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141097 Australia to support general living costs for students
(KM) undertaking Research Doctorate studies. All funders
had no role in the design of the study; in the collection,
Offering Help to Quit Tobacco and analyses, or interpretation of data; and in the decision to
Nicotine Addiction present the results.
A qualitative exploration of Western Australian DOI: 10.18332/tid/140852
vapers process of e-cigarette initiation,
continuance and cessation Preventing cancers through mobile phones
Kahlia McCausland1, Jonine Jancey1, Tama Leaver2, Becky - a potential medium for delivering tobacco
Freeman3, Katharina Wolf4, Bruce Maycock1 cessation intervention for college students: A
Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public randomized control trail
1
Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Kumara Raja1

Australia, 2School of Media, Creative Arts and Social Inquiry, 1
Tagore Dental College and Hospital, Rathinamangalam, India
Curtin University, Perth, Australia, 3School of Public Health, Introduction
University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 4School of Marketing,
Tobacco kills more than 1 million people each year.
Curtin University, Perth, Australia
[email protected] Tobacco use is known as a major risk factor for oral
Introduction and other cancers. Each tobacco product is linked to an
E-cigarettes have become increasingly popular over the increased risk for specific cancers. Thus, it is essential to
last 10 years. These devices represent a new paradigm provide an effective cessation intervention for all tobacco
for tobacco control offering smokers an opportunity to users at earliest. As most of the college students own a
inhale nicotine without inhaling tobacco smoke. To date mobile phone, it could be utilized to provide an inexpensive
there are no definitive conclusions regarding the safety tobacco cessation intervention.
and long-term health effects of these devices however Objectives
the increased uptake and popularity of them suggests To find the feasibility of mobile phone text messaging for a
that they may be perceived as a healthier alternative to smoking cessation program among college students aged
traditional cigarettes. 20 - 30 years.
69
Methods Using intention-to-treat analysis, on average 40.9%

A two-arm randomized controlled trial with sixty college initiated at least one quit attempt during the contest, self-
students, who were intended to quit smoking in the next reported abstinence rate is 14.5% and rate of smoking
30 days were randomized to intervention or control group. reduction by half is 33.8% at 6-month follow-up. Since
Text messages tailored to smoking related variables were 2015, over 2300 smokers had been referred to SC clinics.
sent to the participants of the intervention group and Conclusion(s)
health related messages not tailored to smoking were The result indicated that a community outlet, proactive
sent control group at 2 times per day over a period of 3 approach and active referral are crucial to motivate
months. Abstinence from smoking was identified through SC intention and attempt among hardcore smokers.
Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence and urinary Community outreach is necessary to enhance the service
cotinine level in the base line by 4th week and 12th week. use and recognition of SC clinics.
A descriptive statistics along with the chi-square test was Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A151
used to test the difference between the two groups. DOI: 10.18332/tid/140854
Results
Twelve weeks after program initiation, the intervention Conformity assessment of Thai Tobacco-Free
group had a significant reduction in Fagerstrom Healthcare setting standards of 10 public
dependence score when compared to control group from hospitals in Thailand and quit rate
baseline (P = 0.002*). Similarly, participants in intervention Nanta Auamkul1, Araya Thongphiew2, Varabhorn Bhumiswasdi2,
group showed negative urinary cotinine results 13(43.3%) Komgrib Pukrittayakamee3, Puan Suthipinittharm2, Waranya
compared to control group 03(10%) and the results were Preekan2, Rattiyaporn Thongyourn2, Pawarisa Khongyut4,
statistically significant. Surachet Thetjai5
Conclusion(s)
1
College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University,
This tobacco cessation intervention significantly reduced Bangkok, Thailand, 2Thai Physicians Alliance Against Tobacco,
Bangkok, Thailand, 3Medical Association of Thailand, Bangkok,
smoking rates at end of program, thus providing a
Thailand, 4National Alliance For Tobacco Free Thailand, Bangkok,
potentially efficacious and easily disseminated method to Thailand, 5Thai Health Professional Alliance Against Tobacco,
quit smoking among adolescents. Bangkok, Thailand
Thai Tobacco-Free Healthcare Setting Standards (TTFHS)
Proactive community outreach and active were issued by the Thai Physicians Alliance Against Tobacco
referral approaches to motivate hardcore (TPAT) to enhance hospitals and healthcare settings to
smokers to use smoking cessation services integrate the prevention and control of tobacco use in their
Lawrence Chu1, Antonio Kwong1, Vienna Lai1, Man-Ping Wang2, work system and patient care process.
Tai Hing Lam3 Objectives
1
Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health, Wanchai, Hong To assess conformity to TTFHS and quit rates of public
Kong SAR PRC, 2School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, hospitals in Thailand.
Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC, 3School of Public Health, Methods
The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study using secondary
Introduction
data. Hospital profiles, self-assessment reports of
Smoking prevalence in Hong Kong reached its record
hospitals and the site visit reports of surveyor teams of
low of 10.0% in 2017. However, the majority of current
TPAT were analyzed. This study included 10 hospitals that
smokers (68.8%) had never tried to quit. Less than one-
TPAT visited during September to October 2019.
fifth of smokers had tried smoking cessation (SC) services
Results
or specified methods to quit. Moreover, very few expressed
In all, 2 regional hospitals, 6 general hospitals and 2
the intention to use the services.
community hospitals were visited in all regions of Thailand.
Objectives
These hospitals had 30-1050 beds. All hospitals declared
To further reduce smoking prevalence, motivating hardcore
and had written policies on the prevention and control of
smokers to quit is vital. A community-based platform, on
tobacco use, established tobacco consumption screening
top of smoking cessation clinics, should be developed to
process in their routine work system and had tobacco
reach out smokers and enhance the quit intention.
cessation clinics. Some hospitals had strong partnership
Methods
/networking with the non-health sector and community.
Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health (COSH)
Conformity to 8 TTFHS standards which consist of
launched the “Quit to Win” contest to utilize a community
leadership and commitment, two-way communication and
outreach and proactive approach to encourage smokers
public relation for policy enforcement, human resource
to quit by fabulous prizes. Collaborating with district
development, comprehensive tobacco treatment service
organizations, smokers were recruited in the streets and
system, tobacco treatment supportive management,
shopping malls in every district in a mobile way. Smokers
tobacco-free environment, community involvement and
were followed up by the contest and actively referred to SC
results and annual analysis (level, trend and comparison),
clinics so as to enhance SC service use and success to quit.
was rated fair to good. Good compliance to standards were
Results
found in 2 regional hospitals and 2 general hospitals. Most
Over the decade, totally over 680 community-based
hospitals had low scores on routine performance and
recruitment sessions and 450 smoke-free promotion
innovation. The average quit rate for patients who received
activities were held. About 12200 smokers were recruited
therapeutic service was 25.9%; the quit rate was highest
and received brief SC advice. Smoke-free message were
among stroke patients and lowest in psychiatric patients.
disseminated to nearly 300000 members of public. Among
Conclusion(s)
the smokers recruited in 2009-2017 , 77.8% were hardcore
Regional hospitals performed better than community
smokers who had no quit attempt in one year or above.
70
hospitals. The average quit rate was 25.9%. Appropriate 1

King Narai Hospital, Khao Sam Yot, Thailand
strategies and strategic partners at all levels are needed [email protected]
to increase hospital achievement. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A152 According to “Action on Smoking and Health Foundation
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140856 Thailand 2018”, smoking was the cause of death for 51651
individuals and costed about 2.2 million THB of medical
Effects of the social support-based smoking expenses per person. Based on 2018 census, there were
cessation program (Bacho model) for the 13973 smokers in Muang district, Lopburi province.
Objective
successful quitting smoking at Bacho district,
The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy
Narathiwat province of Low Frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve
Hartine Lehsi1, Sunee Chekabaso2, Muhammadzainuden Mingsu1,
Nureehan Maseng3, Thammasin Ingviya4
Stimulation or Lo-TENS on smoking cessation in Muang
1
Bacho Hospital, Bacho, Thailand, 2Bacho District Public Health district, Lopburi province, Thailand.
Office, Bacho, Thailand, 3Lubo Sawa Health Promoting Hospital, Methods
Bacho, Thailand, 4Department of Family Medicine and Preventive Subjects were 62 smokers who were divided into a Lo-
Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand TENS stimulation group (n=31) and a control group (n=31).
[email protected] Participants in both groups received behavior-changing
Introduction programs for smoking abstinence from the Network
Intervention based on the social support-based to quit of Physical Therapists for Smoke-free Thai Society.
smoking was essential for successful cessation. In addition, participants in the experimental group
Objectives received an electrical stimulation (Lo-TENS) at Zu-San-
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Li acupuncture-point for 30 minutes, once a week for
the social support-based smoking cessation program 4 weeks. The Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence
applying the Bacho mode. (FTND), pulmonary test, and 6-minute walk test (6MWT)
Methods were assessed at baseline and 6-weeks, 6-months and
The Bacho model consisted of three processes of 12-month follow-ups.
operation. The first process was to explore information Results
relating to smoking in the community and smokers by The results showed that 24 of 31 participants (77%) in
modeling. The second process was to build the perception the experimental group successfully quitted smoking,
on self-efficacy and outcome expectation to quit smoking. compared to 4 of 31 participants (13%) in the control
The last process was the support-based programs which group. The 6MWT for the experimental group increased
conducted in smoking cessation clinic services of Bacho significantly from 404.7±79.5 to 484.4±81.3 meters
district. The sample was divided into 2 groups comprised (p<0.001), whereas the 6MWT for the control group was
of 71 the community intervention group and 56 of using unchanged, i.e. from 402.87±65.59 to 428.81±65.47 meters
medical treatment group. Data were collected by using (p>0.05). The experimental group showed significant
a general information questionnaire, a quit smoking improvement in FVC from 1.82±0.83 to 2.81±0.79 liters
behavior questionnaire, a Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine (p<0.001) and FEV1 from 1.54±0.68 to 2.46±0.67 liters
Dependence and the Motivational Interviewing. Interview (p<0.001). There were no significant changes in FVC or
data were collected by questionnaires in three phases, FEV1 in the control group.
pre-intervention phase, post-intervention phase on the 3rd Conclusion(s)
month, and follow up phase on the 6th month. Data analyses In summary, Lo-TENS in combination with behavior-
by using percentage, mean and standard deviation. changing program for smoking abstinence led to greater
Results smoking cessation rate than behavior-changing program
The results revealed that the group of using medical for smoking abstinence alone.
treatment had a higher score on nicotine dependence than Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A154
the community intervention group. The main reasons to quit DOI: 10.18332/tid/140864
smoking of using medical treatment group were regarding
to the health problem and being the best model. Whereas, The implementation of the quit-calendar for
the community intervention group was regarding to the public health system under the ‘Quit for King’
health problem and the family’s request to quit smoking.
project, Thailand: Phase II
The factors related with successful quit smoking of both Anun Chaikoolvatana1
groups were personal health situations and the perception 1
College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani
on self-efficacy and outcome expectation to quit smoking. University, That, Thailand
After completing the intervention program, 52% of the Introduction
community intervention group were able to stop smoking From Phase I ‘Quit for King’ Project, the Quit-Calendar
and 49 %using the medical treatment group. was implemented into cessation process via training
Conclusion(s) programs. Next step, the evaluation of the effectiveness of
In conclusion, the smoking cessation program applying the Quit-Calendar was launched.
Bacho model. The intervention program could be applied in Objectives
smoking cessation services provided in the health centers. To evaluate the effectiveness of Quit-Calendar regarding
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A153 smoking cessation.
A quasi-experimental study was used. Totally there were
Efficacy of low frequency transcutaneous 111 public health volunteers in the study. They underwent
electrical nerve stimulation on smoking the processes of the combination between ‘cold turkey’, 5A
cessation counseling and Quit Calendar. All volunteers were followed
Pavinee Vilaipun1 at 2-weeks, 1-, 3-, and 6-month periods. The prevalence
71
abstinence rate (PAR), continuous abstinent rate (CAR), received the initial intervention. The primary outcomes
the relation between Quit-Calendar and numbers of were biochemically validated abstinence at 3- and 6-month.
quitters, and etc. were analyzed via both descriptive and Intention-to-treat analyses were adopted.
analytical statistics. Results
Results A total of 844 participants (82.4% men, 65.3% aged 30-59)
Overall, there were 107 volunteers enrolled in the program. were randomized (each group 422). Participants smoked
They mostly aged between 30- 40 years (65%), history 13.9 cigarettes per day on average and 45.2% had no
of alcohol drinking (35%), history of non-communicable intention to quit within 30 days. We expect to complete
diseases (15%). An average Fagerstrom scores was 4.5. the 6-month follow-up in Apr 2020. The retention rate at
Most volunteers preferred smoking cigarettes (RYO) (50%) 1-month was 78.6%. Preliminary results revealed similar
rather than factory cigarettes (32%). An average cigarette quit rates in two groups at 1-month (12.8% vs. 11.8%,
rolls/day were equal to 10. PAR values at 1-,3-,6-month p=0.66). Smoking participants (n=368) in the Intervention
period were 10, 18.30, and 26.11%, respectively. Regarding group were randomized for OCI (n=271) or continuing CBS
CAR, at the end of 6-month period, the value was 26.11% (n=97) at a ratio of 3:1. Among OCI participants, 55.4%
(33 cases). Noticeably, Quit-Calendar was statistically chose PC, 50.2% chose MMM, 30.6% chose NRT-S, 10.7%
significant related to numbers of quitters (p= 0.001; chose FIAR and 0.4% chose SGC. Smoking participants
McNemar Test). It meant numbers of quitters were (n=372) in the Control group were randomized for CBS
gradually increased between before-and-after Quit- (n=91) or continuing RIM (n=281).
Calendar implementation. Interestingly, a number of Conclusion(s)
cigarettes, history of medical illness, and levels of ‘ready- This study will inform the development of adaptive
to-quit’ were statistically related to the quit success (p= interventions for smoking cessation.
0.009, 0.012, 0.037, consecutively). The overall satisfaction Funding
of Quit-Calendar use was 45.25 (50) represented ‘high’ This study received funding from Hong Kong Council on
level. Thus most users are willing to apply it for routine Smoking and Health.
smoking cessation. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A156
Quit-Calendar is promising to enhance the quit success
along with 5A counseling. The key factors to help quitters Helping smokers with non-communicable
stop smoking successfully include numbers of cigarettes, diseases quit smoking by understanding their
medical conditions, and readiness of giving up smoking. risk perception, behavior, and attitudes related
to smoking
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140866 Ho Li1, Xia Viveka1
1
Chat-based instant messaging support with Hong Kong SAR PRC
optional combined interventions for Chinese Introduction
community smokers in Hong Kong: Preliminary Smokers with non-communicable diseases (NCDs)
analysis of a sequential, multiple assignment, admitted to hospitals represent an excellent teachable
moment for smoking cessation, as they are required
randomized controlled trial (SMART)
Shengzhi Zhao1, Manping Wang1, Xue Weng1, Antonio Kwong2, to abstain from tobacco use during hospitalisation.
Vienna Lai2, Li Cheung1, Cheung Derek1, Tai Lam3 Nevertheless, behaviours of smokers with NCDs, and
1
School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, factors that lead to smoking abstinence thereafter, remain
2
Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health, Hong Kong, 3School relatively underexplored.
of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Objectives
[email protected] This study aimed at understanding the risk perceptions,
Introduction behaviour, attitudes and experiences related to Chinese
Chat-based support (CBS) via instant messaging was smokers with NCDs, and exploring factors leading to their
effective in doubling quit rate. But smokers with a low abstaining from cigarette use.
intention to quit may need interventions that can meet Methods
their individualized needs. In the first phase of the study, a phenomenological
Objectives research design was used to develop an understanding
To test the effect of CBS integrated with optional combined of the needs and concerns of 30 Chinese hospitalized
interventions (OCI) on quitting using SMART. smokers with NCDs, including their behaviour, attitudes,
Methods risk perceptions and experiences related to smoking and
Proactively recruited adult daily smokers to receive smoking cessation. In the second phase, a retrospective
brief advice and actively referred to smoking cessation cross-sectional study was conducted in three outpatient
services were conducted from June to September 2019. clinics in different regions in Hong Kong. A total of 382
Participants were individually randomized to receive CBS Chinese smokers with NCDs were recruited.
(Intervention group) or regular instant messages (RIM, Results
Control group). Smoking status was assessed at 1-month In the first phase of the study, four themes were generated:
and smoking participants were randomized for adaptive 1) associations between perception of illness and smoking;
interventions. Smoking participants in the Intervention 2) perceived support from healthcare professionals to
group were randomized to receive OCI, including phone quit smoking; 3) impact of hospitalization on behaviour,
counselling (PC), multi-media messages (MMM), nicotine attitudes, and experiences; and 4) perceived barriers to
replacement therapy sampling (NRT-S), financial incentive quitting smoking. For the second phase of the study, the
for active referral (FIAR), and family/peer support group results indicated 23.6% of smokers smoked secretly during
chat (SGC). Smoking participants in the Control group their hospital stay, and about 76.1% of smokers resumed
were randomized to receive CBS. Quitters in both groups
72
smoking after discharge. Multivariate logistic regression smokers with schizophrenia.

analysis found that number of days of hospitalisation Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A158
admission in the preceding year, patients’ perceived DOI: 10.18332/tid/140897
correlation between smoking and their illness, withdrawal
symptoms experienced during hospitalisation and The case for physical activity as an option in the
smoking cessation support from healthcare professionals smoking cessation guidelines: Short and long
were significant predictor of smoking abstinence after term benefits beyond expectation from regular
discharge.
exercise
Conclusion(s) Chi Wen1, Wayne Gao2, Chien Chen3, Jackson Wai4, Christopher
This is the first study to investigate the smoking behaviours Wen5, Po Lu1, June Lee1, Chih Hsu1
of smokers with NCDs. The results indicated the importance 1
Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research
of developing an intervention that helps smokers with Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, 2Taipei Medical University, Taipei,
NCDs demystify misconceptions about smoking so as to Taiwan, 3Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan,
achieve more successful smoking abstinence.
4
National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 5Long Beach
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A157 Veterans Administration Hospital, University of California at
Irvine, Irvine, United States
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140894
[email protected]
Introduction
Systematic review on outcomes of transdermal Physical activity is currently considered as a desirable
nicotine patches aiding smoking cessation behavior for smokers, but a guideline for smoking
among schizophrenic patients cessation has never offered it as an option.
Parangimalai Kumar1 Objectives
Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Ragas
1
This study is to see its feasibility by quantifying the short
Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
and long term beneficial effects from exercise by smokers.
[email protected]
Methods
Introduction
This cohort, consisting of 434190 individuals (23.2%
Literature review shows patient with schizophrenia have
smokers and 6.1% ex-smokers), went through standard
higher rates of smoking than in general population and
medical surveillance program(s) from 1996 to 2008.History
are more refractory to smoking cessation. In addition
for smoking and physical activity was collected in the initial
schizophrenic patients smoke more heavily and extract
visit and subsequent visits. Exercise volume, expressed
more from each cigarette. Previous literature evidence
in MET·hour/week at each visit, classified each individual
have stated that effect of transdermal nicotine patches
into inactive (<3.75), low-active (3.75-7.49), or fully active
and usage of Nicotine replacement therapy in conjugation
(≥7.50) group. Fully active individuals met the current
with the pharmacotherapy has a better rate of smoking
recommendation of 30 minute/day for 5 days or more per
cessation and reducing dependence among this population.
week. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated with Cox model
Objectives
for mortality, adjusted for 10 confounders. Life expectancy
To have a better understanding on which among these
was calculated using life table method.
would be appropriate therapeutic measures in smoking
Results
cessation and reducing nicotine dependence among this
Active smokers reduced all-cause mortality by 23%, and
population. we systematically analyzed the available
lengthened life expectancy by 4 years. Active smokers also
literature as it would form the highest level of evidence.
reduced cancer by 14%, heart disease by 49% and stroke
Methods
by 25%. Quit rate of active smokers improved by 55%-81%,
The review included studies from 2007-2017. Only placebo
and relapse rate reduced by 25%-30%. Active smokers
controlled, Randomized control trials involving human
had 55% increased quit rate. Smokers who quit and stayed
population were considered. The titles and abstracts were
active reduced mortality by 43% and gained 5.6 years in
independently screened by two authors and identified
life expectancy.
by the search and decided on the possible reports to be
Conclusion(s)
included. We obtained and examined full text reports of all
Guideline for smoking cessation should include physical
potentially relevant trials, to decide whether the studies
activity as a viable option. Because exercise increased
fulfilled the inclusion criteria.
smoker’s quit rate and minimized ex-smoker’s relapse
Results
rate (in the short run) and reduced all-cause mortality
Twenty relevant articles were identified (PubMed=12,
and lengthened life expectancy by 4 years or more (in the
Google Scholar=7, Trip database=1).Thirteen articles
long run). Not only much of the harms of smoking could
were eliminated after reading the title. One article was
be mitigated by regular exercise, exercise also provided
eliminated due to duplication. Six articles were selected
overall benefits in extending smoker’s life expectancy
for the abstract reading. After the abstract reading, one
not seen in current guidelines for smoking cessation
article was included and three were excluded. Four studies
treatment.
which met the inclusion criteria were taken for the present
systematic review. Based on the study findings, it could
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140898
be stated that the combination of Transdermal nicotine
patches and sustained release of bupropion (BUP) was
well tolerated, and superior to Transdermal nicotine Serum metalloproteinase and urinary cotinine
patches and placebo for short term smoking cessation in level in smokeless tobacco chewers
schizophrenic patients. Anupam Pokhrel1, Madhab Lamsal1, Seraj Khan1, Nirmal Baral1,
Surya Niraula2, Prahlad Karki3
Conclusion(s) 1
Department of Biochemisty, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health
This systematic review highlights the importance of Sciences, Dharan, Nepal, 2School of Public Health and Community
combination of transdermal nicotine patches and Medicine, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan,
Bupropion in increasing smoking abstinence rates among
73
Nepal, 3Department of Internal Medicine, B.P. Koirala Institute tobacco consumption.

of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal Methods
[email protected] This community based health promotion intervention
Introduction was conducted in above rural setting with a sample of
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays an imperative 55 mothers above 30 years old. Focus group discussions
role in smoking related illnesses including cardiovascular were facilitated by health promotion facilitators.
diseases. The health hazard is basically due to presence Initially, perception level of mothers’ on tobacco usage
of nicotine content in tobacco. Cotinine is the major were measured based on pre-defined criteria such
degradable product of nicotine metabolism and is regarded as ‘smokers are heroes’, ’smokers are foolish’. Then,
as a sensitive marker for tobacco exposure. identified determinants and prioritized the most influential
Objectives determinants to address the tobacco usage through the
This study was designed to assess and compare the level discussions with mothers. They were facilitated to design
of serum MMP-9 and urinary cotinine (UC) in smokeless intervention to reduce tobacco consumption.
tobacco chewers (STC) and healthy tobacco non-users Results
(controls). F i f t e e n d e t e r m i n a n t s w e re i d e n t i f i e d a n d s i x
Methods determinants were prioritized with the mothers such as
A Community-based comparative cross-sectional study the positive attitudes towards to tobacco consumption
was conducted in Dharan Sub-Metropolitan City from of villagers, media influences, peer influences, company
August 2017 to July 2018. A total of 102 STC and the promotions, and lack of control over of mothers. Three
same number of healthy controls, 18-44 years of age activities were suggested by them without the guidance
were enrolled in the study. A structured questionnaire of the facilitator namely, poster campaign in shops
was introduced to subjects after informed consent and about not selling cigarettes, conducting awareness
biochemical tests for lipid profile, MMP-9 and UC were programs about harmfulness of tobacco, and calculating
done. Snowball technique was used to enroll tobacco expenditure for cigarette consumption and displaying
chewers. Ethical clearance was obtained from the it in houses. Two activities were suggested by them
Institutional Review Committee of BPKIHS, Nepal. with the guidance of the facilitator namely, displaying
Results physical appearance of smokers and non-smokers
The findings from the present study revealed that UC was through drawings in places of smoking and developing
significantly higher in the STC group (1259.20±244.20 an activity to identify influences of media. Mothers
pg/ml) compared to the control group (8.86±2.45 pg/ml) improved perception on real harm of tobacco smoking
(p<0.001). Serum MMP-9 was significantly higher in the by 11% through the discussions.
STC group (1528.28±544.41 ng/L) compared to the control Conclusion(s)
group (87.77±25.83 ng/L) (p<0.001). A Strong positive Engaging and empowering rural mothers to identify and
correlation was found between MMP-9 and UC in the STC address determinants effect on tobacco consumption is
group (p<0.001), while MMP-9 and UC were not significantly effective in community level.
different with duration of tobacco use. The STC group had Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A161
significantly higher MMP-9, UC, Lipid parameters (TC, TG, DOI: 10.18332/tid/140900
LDL-C) and lower HDL-C than the control group.
Conclusion(s) The analysis of mortality age between smoker
Habitual tobacco chewers were confirmed by the
and non-smoker male patients from the point of
measurement of cotinine in urine which was significantly
higher in STC. This finding highlights the importance of the prevalence COPD and malignant tumor
Chikako Hibino1, Kazue Sugawara1, Haruna Saito1, Akari Chiba1,
cotinine which can be used as a biomarker for tobacco Ayako Takayoshi1, Kayoko Abe1, Rumi Takahashi1, Misato Obara1,
exposure. Significantly raised MMP-9 with UC might be Hiroshi Tamura1
responsible for the increased risk of CVDs as compared to 1
Cardiology, Respiratory, and Allergy Department, Hiroshi
risk in healthy controls. Tamura's Hilltop Clinic, Kitakami City, Japan
According to the Ministry of Health survey in 2016, the
Engaging rural mothers to identify and decide 36.5% of male smokers in Iwate prefecture was higher
measures on most influential determinants to than the average 31.1% of the male smokers in Japan. We
reduce tobacco consumption in Sri Lanka know that the average mortality is younger than the non-
F.B.N.S Baduge1, M.W.A.K Airawansha1, H.D.N Soysa1, S.R smokers and also having high probability rate of Chronic
Karunarathne1, Nadeeka Rathnayake1, G. Duminda Guruge1 obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and malignant
1
Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka tumor.
Introduction To show the past records of similar cases to the present
One in ten Sri Lankan adult deaths is caused by tobacco. In Japanese patients as well as to the future ones who
Sri Lanka, tobacco smoking prevalence among 18-69 years are smokers of the prefecture “IWATE” about smoking
is 15.0% .High Tobacco consumption is a health issue in experience, COPD and malignant tumor.
the selected setting, ‘Gammahege wewa’ in Anuradhapura Methods
District. Rural mother can be empower to address this The objects came from the patients who died from Nov.
issue through identifying and deciding measures on 2014 to Mar.2019, and there were 659 people (408 male,
influential determinants. 251 female). When they first visited, 297 males (76.4±12.2
Objectives years) had known smoking history, and were investigated
To identify determinants and decide measures for due to their COPD and malignant tumor based on their
addressing most influential determinants effect on medical chart.
74
Results intervention the sperm characteristics improved with

Total of 42% were smoker. The average mortality age of reported cessation.
the smokers was 86 (72.1±13.3 years), younger than 86 ex- Conclusion(s)
smokers (80.0±9.7 years) and 87 non-smokers (79.1±11.1 The effect of tobacco use on male infertility was significant
years), (p<0.01). 29% of them were COPD patients, and the when assessed among male infertile patients. Infertile
number of the COPD patients in ex-smokers and smokers men should be counseled about the adverse effects of
was more than those of non-smokers (p<0.01).The average tobacco on sperm quality along with co-morbidities due to
mortality age of smoker with or without COPD was younger tobacco at mass level, employing the common risk factor
than ex-smokers and non-smokers.19% of them were approach.
malignant tumor patients, and the number of malignant Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A163
tumor patients wasn't significant in smoking history. The DOI: 10.18332/tid/140909
average mortality age of smokers without malignant tumor
was younger than ex-smokers and non-smokers. Estimation of magnesium carbonate, calcium
Conclusion(s) carbonate and pH of pan masala and smokeless
The experience of male smokers is over 70%. The average tobacco products
mortality age of Smokers is younger compared to ex- R.S. Roshn1
smokers and non-smokers, and those of two groups show 1
A.J. Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India
the same mortality age. This study also shows the smoking [email protected]
experience can be associated with the increase in COPD Introduction
patients. The average of smokers is still younger without Smokeless products being relatively economical are
other health complications such as COPD and malignant easily available and consumed by most of the common
tumor. people throughout India. Pan masala is a mixture of
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A162 areca nut, catechu, slaked lime, many artificial flavoring
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140905 substances usually without tobacco. But tobacco is mixed
and consumed along with it. Other than harmful contents
Association of tobacco use and male infertility: already present, manufactures also add magnesium
An exploratory study in Delhi, India carbonate and calcium carbonate to alter pH and increase
Kirti Jain1, Deepa Singh1, Swati Jain2 addictive potential.
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ashok Multispeciality Objectives
Hospital, New Delhi, India, 2National Health Mission, Maulana To estimate magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate
Azad Institute Of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India and pH of pan masala and smokeless tobacco products
[email protected] commercially available in Mangalore, India.
Infertility currently affects about 10 to 14 percent of Two samples each of products such as pan masala, khaini,
the Indian population, with higher rates in urban areas ghutka and zarda commercially available in Mangalore
where one out of six couples is impacted (Indian Society were selected for the study. Two grams of each sample
of Assisted Reproduction). Male fertility is affected by a was weighed accurately and ground well. Samples were
variety of lifestyle habits that include tobacco use as one filtered and collected. pH was measured using a Systronic
of the main causes of preventable morbidity and mortality. digital pH meter. Standard methods were followed to
Objectives quantify calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate
The objective of the current study was to assess the using the EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid) titration
relationship between tobacco use and its effect on sperm method. Each sample was done in duplicate. The amount
characteristics and infertility. of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate present was
Methods calculated.
The study used an exploratory analytical design and was Results
conducted on patients who reported to the Infertility OPD Magnesium carbonate was highest in khaini with a mean
of a Multispeciality Hospital in Delhi, India from January value of 69.711mg/g and the least content in pan masala
2019 to September 2019. Male infertile patients who with a mean value of 20.91mg/g. Calcium carbonate was
were current tobacco users were grouped and evaluated highest in zarda with a mean value of 8.333mg/g and least
according to the frequency of their tobacco habit: mild (< 3 in khaini with a mean value of 6.781mg/g. pH was highest
times/day), moderate (3-6 times/day) and severe (> 6 times/ in khaini with a mean value 9.89 and least in zarda with a
day). Clinical parameters including sperm characteristics mean value of 7.23.
of count, motility, morphology, and viability were evaluated. Conclusion(s)
Tobacco cessation counseling was provided for current Alkaline pH of smokeless tobacco products leads to rapid
tobacco users. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21 version. and easy absorption of free or unionized nicotine in the
Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. oral mucosa thus increasing its addictive potential. The
Results current study shows that there is high content of calcium
A total of 713 infertile couples were evaluated. Male carbonate and alkaline additives such as magnesium
infertility was found in 221(31%) patients. 22.3% (N=159) carbonate which contribute to pH. These additives make
of the male infertile group were current tobacco users these products further detrimental to health.
(both smoked and smokeless forms of tobacco). 28.3% Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A164
(N=45), 41% (N=65) and 30.7% (N=49) patients respectively DOI: 10.18332/tid/140914
belonged to the mild, moderate and severe tobacco habit
groups. Sperm characteristics were significantly lower
in the severe group (p<0.05). Comprehensive tobacco
cessation counseling along with supportive treatment
for male infertility was provided. After one month of
75
9 Reasons to stop smoking: A motivation to quit association between SHS and oral examination, including
analysis among smokers receiving Thailand gingival melanin pigmentation and inflammation.
National Quitline service Methods
Kamollabhu Thanomsat1, Jintana Yunibhand1 A sample of 103 female college students (18.2 ± 0.8
1
Thailand National Quitline, Phayathai, Thailand years), who had enrolled in April 2014 were selected as
[email protected] subjects. Histories of smoking and SHS exposure were
Introduction obtained from a questionnaire and oral photos were
Thailand National Quitline (TNQ) has provided tobacco taken in April of 2014, 2015 and 2016 in order to evaluate
cessation via referral system by using electronic referral gingival melanin pigmentation and inflammation. The
system the U-refer system. According to the previous questionnaire included the Kano test for social nicotine
studies, motivation to quit is a very crucial factor to stop dependence (KTSND), a ten-question test with 30 possible
smoking. points. Urinary cotinine was also measured in October of
Objectives 2014 and assessed as u-SHS cases with more than 5ng/
To investigate motivation to quit among smokers receiving mgCre. Gingival melanin pigmentation and inflammation
proactive intensive counseling by the TNQ counselors after were evaluated from the oral photos taken in April of 2014,
being referred through the U-refer system. 2015 and 2016.
Methods Results
Descriptive research was performed as a research design There were no smokers in April of 2014 and 2015, but two
in this study. Study subjects were 344 smokers receiving students started smoking in April 2016. However about 40%
proactive intensive counseling by the TNQ counselors of students had been exposed to SHS at home. The u-SHS
after being referred through the U-refer system. Data was positive for only nine students out of the 103 students
were collected using interview questionnaire including, (9%) and among these, three had gingival pigmentation.
demographic data and the motivation to quit by the TNQ The scores of gingival inflammation gradually decreased
counselors from January to March 2019. Descriptive (1.2 ± 0.3/2014, 1.0 ± 0.2/2015, 0.9 ± 0.2/2016, P < 0.01). The
statistic was used to calculate the demographic data and total KTSND score in 2014, 2015 and 2016 were 9.8 ± 0.8,
the motivation to quit. 9.4 ± 9.0 and 10.5 ± 5.2, respectively.
The findings revealed that majority of participants were Urinary cotinine was a useful biomarker for identifying
male (88.37%). One-third of them were in middle adult exposure to SHS. In non-smoking female students, the
age group, aged 36-55 years (37.32%), and elderly, aged 60 u-SHS may depict the effects of the SHS on gingival
years and over (22.97%). For the reasons to stop smoking melanin pigmentation. However, further well-executed
include as follows: 1) health problems (32.85%), 2) family studies are required to corroborate these results. This
concern (20.35%), 3) fear of health problems / fear of study was supported by Grant-in-Aids (19K10436).
death (19.77%), 4) bad attitude toward smoking (13.37%) Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A166
5) wasteful / expensive cigarettes (9.59%) 6) awareness of DOI: 10.18332/tid/140925
the danger of tobacco from the media (2.62%), 7) smoking
areas are reduced (0.87%), 8) teacher / supervisor ordered Raising awareness on economic burden and
to quit (0.26%) and 9) colleagues / clients do not like (0.26%). health impacts of tobacco smoking to reduce
Conclusion(s) smoking behavior among constructing site
The results illustrated the significant reasons to stop
workers in Anuradhapura district, Sri Lanka
smoking include concerning over health consequences Mulkotuwe Waidyacharyage Anuradha Kumari Airawansha1,
of smoking and aware of the hazard of tobacco in the Hannadige Dilukshi Nawodani Soysa1, Francis Baduge Naradi
family members. It is believed that current smokers with Shanuka Baduge1, Herath Mudiyanselage Hansamali Nayananjani
chronic diseases should be encouraged to stop smoking. Tharuka Wickramasooriya1, Subhani Perera1, Nadeeka
Also, awareness of the effect of smoking tobacco in family Rathnayake1, Galmangoda Najith Duminda Guruge1
member should be promoted to quit smoking.
1
Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Applied Sciences,
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A165 Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihinthale, Sri Lanka
[email protected]
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140918
Introduction
A total of 1.5 million people in Sri Lanka smoke 11 million
A two-year study of the effects of secondhand
cigarettes daily. In 2015, LKR 106.5 Billion, indicates the
smoke exposure as measured by a urinary economic burden of tobacco on Sri Lankan households.
cotinine biomarker concurrent with visual oral The estimated annual mortality from tobacco related
examination among university dental hygiene illness is about 20000 deaths in Sri Lanka. Constructing
students site workers are more vulnerable to tobacco smoking as it
Koji Inagaki1, Mari Masuda1 is a common practice among them.
1
Department of Dental Hygiene, Aichi Gakuin University Junior Objectives
College, Nagoya, Japan
To reduce smoking behavior among constructing site
[email protected]
workers by raising awareness on economic burden and
Introduction
health impacts of smoking through interactive discussions.
Research has shown that secondhand smoking (SHS)
Methods
compromises the periodontal health of non-smoking
This study was conducted with the purposively selected
individuals. However, exposure to SHS is difficult to
sample of 51 workers in a construction site in Anuradhapura
quantitatively measure.
district, Sri Lanka. Group discussions were carried out
Objectives
with them to improve their understanding on economic
The purpose of this study was to measure exposure to SHS
burden and health impacts of tobacco smoking. They were
among dental hygiene college students, and to find any
facilitated to calculate the annual burden of a person for
76
cigarette use and it was compared with the amount of their smokers. Children drew twelve posters that showed the
unfulfilled essential basic needs. They were facilitated harmfulness of tobacco and hanged at the public places
to compare the difference between lifestyles of cigarette such as near the shop, near bus stands, near the three-
company owners’ and tobacco users’ through discussions. wheeler park, near the tuition classes.
Discussions were conducted about long term and short Conclusion(s)
term health impacts of smoking using photographs and Children are capable in identifying determinants which
facilitated them to develop indicators to measure changes affect for creating attractiveness on tobacco and reducing
of their smoking behavior. attractiveness towards tobacco usage is probable through
Results community based approach.
Ten workers out of 51 agreed to initiate intervention to Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A168
reduce smoking in their work site. They suggested to DOI: 10.18332/tid/140933
maintain a "money box" to collect saved money from
quitting cigarettes. Twenty people decided to quit their Association between cigarette smoking and
smoking behavior and ten people decided to decrease the metabolic syndrome in the Royal Thai Army
number of cigarettes that they smoke daily. Developed Personnel
indicators included the number of cigarettes they smoke Pongpisut Thakhampaeng1, Boonsub Sakboonyarat1, Kanlaya
during tea time, number of times forcing others to smoke, Jongcherdchutrakul1, Panadda Hatthachote1, Mathirut Mungthin1,
amount of money saved from quitting. Ram Rangsin1
Conclusion(s) 1
Department of Military and Community Medicine,
Raising awareness on economic burden and health Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
impacts of tobacco smoking through interactive group [email protected]
discussions is effective to reduce smoking among workers Introduction
in the construction site. Cigarette smoking is one of the most common risk factors
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A167 of non-communicable diseases, especially cardiovascular
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140927 diseases. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been the focus
of attention for many years. Little information exists on the
prevalence of the MetS among the Royal Thai Army (RTA)
Identifying determinants and deciding
personnel.
measures with children to reduce the attraction Objectives
towards tobacco consumption using community The authors aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS
based intervention and associated risk factors especially cigarette smoking
Eshan Madhumadawa1, Naradi Baduge1, H.M.S.C. Sulochana1, among the RTA personnel.
Lakshi Mathanakumar1, Sonali Gunasekara1, Nadeeka
Methods
Rathnayake1, Duminda Guruge1
1
Department of Health Promotion, Rajarata University of Sri Data retrieved from the Heath Examination in the RTA forces
Lanka, Mihinthale, Sri Lanka in Bangkok, 2015 was used to determine MetS according
[email protected] to the IDF 2005 criteria. Comparison across variables
Introduction were made using Chi-square test. Identification of risk
In Sri Lanka, tobacco usage prevalence among 15-24 years factors was performed using univariate and multivariate
is 18.7%. According to secondary data and observations, regression. Results are presented as odd ratios together
tobacco usage was high in the selected study setting, with 95% CI intervals. P-values less than 0.05 indicate
Palugaswewa village in Anuradhapura. Children can significant difference.
be empowered to address this issue through reducing Results
attractive image build around the tobacco smoking. From 16668 RTA personnel records, the average age
Objectives was 44.3±11.1 years (ranged 18-65) and 81% was male.
To identify determinants and decide measures with children Prevalence of MetS among the RTA personnel was 21.1%.
to reduce the attraction towards tobacco consumption There were an increasing in trends in prevalence of
using community based intervention. smoking with lower age (40%, 32%, 27%, 21% for age-
Methods group < 30, 30-39, 40-49, and ≥50, respectively) (p-value
The community based study was conducted with 40 <0.001). The prevalence of smoking among male and
children aged between 12 to 18 years in Palugaswewa female was not different (p-value >0.05). The significant
village for 3 months. A children society was formed to carry risks factors of MetS were age (CI 1.01-1.03), female (CI
out the intervention. Initially, children were facilitated to 5.66-6.95), smoking (CI 1.19-1.51) and alcohol drinking
collect burnt cigarette buds on either sides of the roads (CI 1.00-142). Of note, Regular exercise was the potential
in the village within one week to roughly assess indirect protective factors for MetS (CI 0.51-0.73) (P<0.0001).
indicator of smoking. Cigarette buds were collected by the Conclusion(s)
children. Based on results of that activity, interactive group The prevalence of MetS among RTA personnel was 21.1%
discussions with children were initiated and conducted by and it is age-dependent. Age, female, smoking and alcohol
health promotion facilitators. Children were facilitated to drinking are significant risk factors and regular exercise
identify and prioritize the most influential determinants is a protective factor. These findings are important
to address the attractiveness on tobacco. Then they were for planning strategies to prevent the MetS in the RTA
asked to develop activities address selected determinants. personnel.
Children had collected 230 cigarette buds within a week DOI: 10.18332/tid/140940
from their village. Nine determinants were identified
and six determinants were prioritized including media
influences, commercial influences, peer influences,
positive image on tobacco and positive perception towards
77
Effects of abdominal obesity and smoking on (83.1%) reported being in the contemplation phase of
lung function: Preliminary data quitting tobacco. SLT users (12.3%) reported to have
Premtip Thaveeratitham1, Rattanaporn Sonpeayung1, Prawit taken action in the past to quit tobacco compared to
Janwantanakul2 9.6% smokers, and 1.4% of dual users. Doctors advise,
1
Department of Physical Therapy, Saint Louis College, Bangkok, motivation from family and friends, and spiritual reasons
Thailand, 2Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied motivated the participants to quit tobacco. The risk
Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
perception of tobacco use was reported as death, cancer,
[email protected]
dental diseases, systemic diseases like chest congestion,
Introduction
cough, tuberculosis, lung cancer, and generalized body
Smoking and obesity are independent risk factors
weakness. However, some of the participants were unaware
contributing to the global burden of NCDs which are major
of the methods to quit tobacco, some had misconceptions
causes of morbidity and mortality. Smoking and obesity
that shifting to other forms of tobacco and alcohol could
strongly and independently related with lung function. To
help in quitting, and considered SLT to be less harmful
date, it is unclear about the combined effects of obesity
than smoking forms.
and smoking on lung function.
Conclusion(s)
Objectives
Majority of the participants were willing to quit tobacco and
To compare the effects of abdominal obesity, smoking, and
had taken measures to quit in the past. There is a need to
the combined of abdominal obesity and smoking on lung
increase the awareness among the tobacco users about
function.
the health risk of tobacco use, and motivate them to utilize
Methods
the existing cessation services available.
Forty men aged 20-40 years were classified into four
groups: control, abdominal obesity, smoking, and
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140959
abdominal obesity plus smoking groups. Lung function
were evaluated by spirometry and compared between
groups. Design and validation of a picture storybook
Results about secondhand smoke exposure as smoking
Abdominal obesity plus smoking group evidenced the media literacy for children
lowest levels of both lung function including FEV1 and FVC Septian Jatmika1, Muchsin Maulana1, Kuntoro2, Santi Martini2,
Mufidatu Sholihah1, Mahayu Jayanti1
followed by smoking group and abdominal obesity group, 1
Public Health Faculty, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta,
relative to the control group (p<0.05). Indonesia, 2Public Health Faculty, Airlangga University, Surabaya,
Conclusion(s) Indonesia
The combination of abdominal obesity and smoking [email protected]
showed greater deterioration in lung function (FEV1 and Introduction
FVC) relative to abdominal obesity or smoking alone, and Worldwide, 40% of children are exposed to secondhand
this is further to develop the risk of respiratory-related smoke. Therefore we need promotive efforts through
non-communicable diseases. Thus, an early prevention, health education media to improve children's health
and management in individuals who are abdominal obesity literacy.
and smoking should be given priority concern. Objectives
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A170 The aim is to design health education media about
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140950 secondhand smoke exposure as smoking media literacy
for children.
Evaluation of perceptions of tobacco cessation Methods
among the individuals attending a tertiary care This research was designed to develop picture storybooks
dental hospital: A mixed methods design based on researchers’ focus group discussions and
Priyanka Ravi1, Harsh Priya1, Om Prakash Kharbanda1 interviews. Focus group discussions were held with
1
Centre for Dental Education and Research, New Delhi, India elementary school students aged 8-10 years to determine
[email protected] students' understanding of secondhand smoke exposure
Introduction for children and the educational media needed to improve
In India every year, an estimated 1 million people die from children's health literacy. The results of the analysis form
tobacco-related illnesses, which could have been avoided the basis for researchers to design picture storybooks.
by stopping tobacco use. The next step is to test internally with interviews with
Objectives experts, including material experts, media experts, and
This study aimed to determine the perceptions about linguists. Data collection instruments include focus group
tobacco cessation among the patients attending a tertiary discussion guides and validation sheets. Furthermore, the
care dental hospital. data obtained is processed and analyzed using descriptive
Methods statistics as material for product revisions to make it
A mixed-methods study was conducted among the suitable for use.
individuals visiting the dental hospital. Self-administered Results
questionnaires were used to record quantitative data on The design of a picture storybook entitled "Be Hero to
the current and past tobacco history, tobacco dependence, Zero Smoke" was considered suitable for use as health
and quit attempts. Face-to-face interviews were conducted education media for children based on the assessment
to collect qualitative data on the perceptions on tobacco results from judgment experts, material experts, media
quitting. experts, and linguists. The contents of the picture storybook
Results material design was according to the information needs of
About 52% of participants had made an attempt to quit the informant children about secondhand smoke exposure
tobacco in the past. The majority of the smokers (82.7%), and the steps in preparing children's stories. Furthermore,
smokeless tobacco (SLT) users (71.3%), and dual users an internal test was carried out twice to learn if the picture
78
storybook design is suitable for use. Improvements were about tobacco smoking
made to cover pages, paper, fonts, paper layouts, images, Udara Kitulagoda1, Shakila Wijesunda1, Nadeesha Sewwandi1,
characters, plots, language usage, and messages. Based Nadeeka Rathnayaka1, Duminda Guruge1
on expert evaluation criteria, the final score of basic design
1
Rajarata University Of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
categories by material experts was 87.8%, media experts
[email protected]
95.46%, and linguists 89%.
Introduction
Conclusion(s)
In Sri Lanka 1.5 million people smoke 11 million cigarettes
Focus group and expert input on the design of picture
daily. Annually, 20000 – 25000 Sri Lankans die from
storybooks about secondhand smoke exposure for children
smoking and smoking related health issues. Therefore we
through internal testing with improvements met expert
felt that we should intervene against the existing condition.
criteria and lays the ground for future external testing.
Our target groups were male adults between 18-29 years,
from all the districts in Sri Lanka, who participated to
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140967
‘Yowunpuraya’ exhibition in Hambantota.
Objectives
Estimation of toxic metals in smokeless tobacco Our objective was, assessing their awareness and merely
products not only feeding them with knowledge, but empowering
Shreshtha Shetty1, Vijaya Hegde1
them to control over factors which affect smoking.
1
A.J Institute of Dental Sciences, Kuntikan, India
[email protected]
Methods
Introduction The discussions were facilitated as focused groups, with
Unlike cigarettes, smokeless tobacco often doesn‘t get 356 boys that was divided, non-randomly, district wise. To
enough attention despite being a serious health hazard. evaluate their awareness about smoking a questionnaire
In India smokeless tobacco products (SLT PRODUCTS) are is used, before and after the discussion. This discussions
attractively packaged in colorful sachets that are widely were based on aspects such as distortion of appearance,
retailed at very low cost making them easily affordable, even diseases and sexual impotence related with smoking,
for children. Tobacco contains over 19 known carcinogens media influence and multinational company strategies
and at least 30 metallic compounds, comprising heavy and how smoking effects on their economic status and
metals. Areca nut, which is combined with tobacco in family wellbeing. Observations were also important to
several SLT products, is also a confirmed carcinogen. The assess the alteration of their attitudes. Afterwards they
presence of metals in cigarettes is well known but very few were facilitated to suppose that what they are capable to
studies have been done on SLT products in India. do to reduce tobacco smoking and what are the common
Objectives welfare services that can be implemented through saved
To estimate the toxic metals present in various forms of money from cigarettes.
smokeless tobacco and areca nut products. Results
Methods According to the observations, about 90% of them were
Commonly used SLT and Areca Nut products were emotional and sensitive about issues like distortion,
purchased from local shops in Mangalore. The products impotence and the annual expenses of cigarettes.
collected represented the commonly used brands. Brand However in contrast enthusiasm about common issues
names have not been disclosed in this paper due to legal such as diseases, related with smoking were low. It was
requirements. Wet digestion using Concentrated Nitric witnessed how their involvement was also better since
Acid and 10% per-chloric acid was done. Diluted digest they were free to answer. Comparatively there was a
was subjected to analysis of Nickel, Zinc, lead, Copper considerable improvement of the quality of answers in
and cadmium using Atomic absorption spectrometry. post-questionnaire than pre-questionnaire.
Calibration was done using solutions of respective metal Conclusion(s)
salts. After the discussion the awareness about consequences of
Results smoking has been enhanced and also it can be concluded
Gutka has the highest level of nickel (6.96ug/g), zinc that, health promotion approach has empowered young
(111ug/g), cadmium (6.58ug/g), copper (16.41ug/g) and adults to control over the factors, effect for smoking.
lead (19.82ug/g). Khaini has 7.13ug/g nickel, 10.74ug/g Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A174
copper and 12.67ug/g lead. Plain tobacco had the highest DOI: 10.18332/tid/140980
lead (21.74ug/g). Mawa has 10.29ug/g copper and Supari
has 11.83ug/g lead. Selected factors relating to smoking cessation
Conclusion(s) among Buddhist monks with non-communicable
The samples were contaminated with the metals studied diseases
which constitute a major health risk to the local population. Wiwat Laochai1,2, Sunida Preechawong2
The real issue is repeated exposure which will lead to bio
1
The Priest Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, 2Tobacco Control
Research Group, Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University,
accumulations over time posing a great potential health
Bangkok, Thailand
risk. The presence of such toxic metal contaminants in an [email protected]
already deadly consumer product demonstrates the need Introduction
for strong regulation. Smoking rate among Buddhist monks, a group of Thai
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A173 citizens, is as high as 41.3%, and 24.4% of them are at risk
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140969 for non-communicable diseases. A research conducted
by the Priest Hospital found that among their 59000
Initiating a discussion, nourished by health patients, 18000 of them or approximately 30% smoke
promotion approach, with young adults, in cigarettes. Meanwhile, 57.3% of diseases diagnosed in
‘Yowunpuraya’ national exhibition, Sri Lanka Buddhist monks all over Thailand are caused by smoking
79
e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, have been established. Although FAHSAI Clinic was
diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Empirical evidence launched in 2010, the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness
regarding factors related to smoking cessation among of the program have never been formally evaluated.
Buddhist monks is still limited. Objectives
Objectives We aim to assess the real-world effectiveness of a smoking
To determine factors related to smoking cessation among cessation service program in Thailand in terms of program
Buddhist monks with non-communicable diseases. performance, clinical outcomes, and the program’s cost-
Methods effectiveness to generate evidence for public policy and
A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from improve the service model.
April to August 2019 by using self-reported questionnaires. Methods
A total of 136 Thai Buddhist monks were purposively A multicenter prospective observational study will be
recruited for this study. Inclusion criteria included Thai performed. This study will focus on 24 FAH-SAI clinics
Buddhist monks smoking at least 1 cigarette per day, across 21 provinces of Thailand. The primary outcomes
having at least one non-communicable diseases related to are 7-day point prevalence abstinence and continuous
smoking and having received counselling to quit smoking abstinence rate (CAR) at 3, 6, and 12 months. The secondary
from health professionals. Data were analyzed using outcomes are the association of socio-demographic and
Point-biserial correlations and Chi-square. disease-related factors at 3, 6, and 12 months smoking CAR.
Results The outcomes will be measured using two measurement
Fifty Thai Buddhist monks (36.80%) reported 7-day point methods: self-reports and exhaled carbon monoxide.
prevalence abstinence at 3-month follow-up. About two- Discussion
thirds of the participants (66.0%) indicated health concern This study will be the first that reports the real-world
as motivation to quit smoking. Nicotine dependence, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a well-established
self-efficacy for smoking cessation, physical activity, smoking cessation program in Thailand. This study does
and intention to quit smoking were significantly related not include a control group, so care in interpreting its
to smoking cessation among Buddhist monks with non- results is vital. Findings from this study can help improve
communicable diseases. However, education, Dharma the quality of smoking cessation services by FAHSAI clinics
education, and depression were not related to smoking and other smoking cessation services, especially those
cessation among these participants. implemented in LMIC. This study is funded by the Thai
Conclusion(s) Health Promotion Foundation and National Alliance for
Among Thai Buddhist monks, different factors were related Tobacco-Free Thailand.
to smoking cessation. Population based smoking cessation Funding
programs should take these factors into consideration in This study is funded by the Thai Health Promotion Foundation
the design of smoking cessation interventions. and National Alliance for Tobacco-Free Thailand.
Funding Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A176
This study is supported by Graduate School Thesis Grant, DOI: 10.18332/tid/141357
Chulalongkorn University.
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A175 Relationship between tobacco craving and
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140981 quitting smoking using Tobacco Craving Index
(TCI) in Japanese smoking cessation therapy
An evaluation of Thailand smoking cessation Chie Taniguchi1, Hideo Saka2, Masahide Oki2, Kazunobu Tachibana3,
service program on clinical outcomes for public Yasuhiro Nozaki4,5, Yukio Suzuki6, Hideo Tanaka7, Isao Oze8
policy: Protocol for a multicenter prospective
1
College of Nursing, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan,
2
Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital
observational study Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan, 3Department
Chayutthaphong Chaisai1, Kednapa Thavorn2,3, Shaun Lee Wen of Education and Training, Department of Respiratory Medicine,
Huey1, Somkiat Wattanasirichaigoon4, Suthat Rungruanghiranya5,4, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical
Araya Thongphiew6,4, Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk1,7 Center, Osaka, Japan, 4Department of Respiratory Medicine,
1
School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Japan Community Healthcare Organization Chukyo Hospital
Malaysia, 2School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University and Tokoname Municipal Hospital, Aichi, Japan, 5Department
of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, 3The Ottawa Methods Center, Ottawa of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato Institute Hospital, Kitasato
Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada, 4Thai University, Tokyo, Japan, 6Department of Respiratory Medicine,
Health Professional Alliance Against Tobacco, Bangkok, Thailand, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo Japan,
5
Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University Ongkarak, 7
Fujiidera Public Health Center of Osaka Prefecture, Fujiidera,
Nakornnayok, Thailand, 6Diabetes Mellitus and Endocrine Center, Japan, 8Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention,
Paolo Phaholyothin Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, 7Department Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research
of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, The University of Institute, Nagoya, Japan
Utah, Salt Lake City, United States [email protected]
[email protected]
Introduction
Introduction
Tobacco Craving Index (TCI) and probability of success of
Tobacco smoking is the most common preventable cause
quitting smoking was similar to that between the QSU-
of morbidity and mortality in the world. The number of
brief score and probability of success of quitting smoking.
individuals who continue to smoke remains high, and 80
Objectives
percent of tobacco smokers live in low-and middle-income
To clarify association between TCI and success of quitting
countries (LMIC). Preventing and reducing the number of
smoking in patients who received smoking cessation
new smokers as well as helping current smokers to quit
therapy (SCT) in Japan.
smoking is an important global agenda. The SMART Quit
Methods
Clinic Program (FAHSAI Clinic) provides smoking cessation
TCI consists of two axes: one is strength of craving, and
services to Thai smokers by a multidisciplinary team. To
the other is frequency of craving. We performed multi-
date, 552 FAH-SAI Clinics across all 77 provinces of Thailand
80
institutional study and obtained TCI from 889 participants rate was 31.2%. In the OUTPUT aspect, the incoming calls
who received SCT in 5 hospitals. volume was decreased from 9180 during the first 9 months
Results in 2018 to 8822 in the same period of 2019.
The study participants ranged in age from 17 to 88 years Conclusion(s)
and mean age was 52.8 years. The mean age gradually The TSH’s performance was generally satisfactory; however,
decreased as the baseline TCI grade increased (p<0.001). it also faces an emerging crisis in losing incoming calls.
Thirty-six percent of participants were defined high nicotine The external evaluation team has delineated the causes
dependence. As the TCI grade increased, the proportion of and trend of diminishing incoming calls and made an
participants who defined high nicotine dependence were international comparison by reviewing existing literature.
increased (p<0.001). Those who had TCI grade of III were Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A178
significantly more depressed, less motivated, and less DOI: 10.18332/tid/141372
self-efficacy than those who had grade 0, I, or II. As the
TCI grade increased, the proportion of participants who Effectiveness of two methods of tobacco
failed quitting smoking were increased, that trend became cessation among tuberculosis patients: Visiting
more significant through 5 session. We performed logistic directly observed treatment short-course
regression analysis to identify the associations between
(DOTS) centers in Delhi, India
TCI grade at the first to fifth sessions and the success Sneha Malhotra1, Vikrant Mohanty1, Aswini Balappanavar1,
of quitting smoking at the fifth session, while adjusting Ashwani Khanna2
for confounding factors. When participants whose TCI 1
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute
grade 0 or I as a reference group, whose TCI grade II or of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India, 2Chest Clinic, Lok Nayak
III was lower quitting smoking rate particularly after the Hospital, Delhi, India
2nd session. As the TCI grade increased, the probability of [email protected]
smoking cessation was lower. Introduction
Conclusion(s) Tobacco and Tuberculosis (TB) are the world’s two greatest
These finding demonstrates that TCI is a useful indicator public health problems. An estimated 1.3 billion people
to predict quitting smoking in Japanese SCT. use tobacco products, the majority of whom live in low or
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A177 middle-income countries. Exposure to tobacco has been
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141360 shown to be associated with higher risk of tuberculous
infection and adverse outcomes like relapse and TB
The performance and crisis of Taiwan Smokers’ mortality.
Objectives
Helpline in 2019
Chih-Cheng Hsu1, Jiang-Hong Chen1, Sheng-Wen Chen1 1. To assess and compare self-reported tobacco quit
1
National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan status, biochemically verified cotinine levels and nicotine
[email protected] dependence among TB patients at different time intervals
Introduction among the two study groups. 2.To assess the various
Quitline is well recognized as one of important tobacco predictors of tobacco cessation among Tuberculosis
control resources. Evaluating the effectiveness of a patients visiting DOTS centres.
Quitline is a crucial concern for its stakeholders. The Methods
project of "Evaluation and Monitoring for Taiwan Smokers' The current study is a parallel time series clinical trial
Helpline (TSH)" has been funded by the Health Promotion on TB patients attending the DOTS centres in Delhi
Administration, Taiwan. The external monitoring processes who reported using tobacco in any form. Centers were
followed the principle of the "INPUT-PROCESS-OUTPUT" randomly assigned to two intervention groups: integrated
model to evaluate the TSH's performance. intervention using behavioural counselling with NRT gum
Objectives and behavioural counselling alone (45 subjects in each
To evaluate the TSH’s required responsibilities which in intervention and control group). Prior to initiation of
include professionalism, service quality, and outcomes of the interventions, TB patients were assessed through
smoking cessation counseling. a structured questionnaire recording age, gender,
Methods body weight and height, BMI. Motivational Ladder and
Quality guidelines that were issued by the US Centers Transtheoretical Model of Stages of Change were used
of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were used as to assess readiness to change subject’s tobacco habit.
the gold standards to check against performance of The study subjects underwent motivational interviewing.
the Taiwan Smokers' Helpline. The study used datasets The subjects will be followed at different time intervals
provided by the TSH and a series of telephone surveys to for tobacco cessation. The quit status will be assessed
assess smoking rate changes of those who received the at the 1st week, 1st month, 3rd month and 6th month
TSH’s counseling services. and biochemically verified urine cotinine levels will be
Results performed at baseline and the 6th month.
The TSH provided services for a total of 16249 callers Results
in 2019, including 8614 counseling services, and 3379 Results Awaited.
(39.2%) multi-section proactive counseling services. In Conclusion(s)
the follow-up surveys, 6-month point abstinence rate was DOTS with tobacco cessation should be presented to every
20.1% (intention-to-treat rate) ~41.6% (response rate), and tobacco user with TB contemplating to quit the habit. Few
6-month continuous abstinence rate was 15.7% (ITT rate) studies are done in other parts of the world using brief
~32.6% (response rate). The overall satisfaction rate of TSH advise and use of other methods only on smokers. Tobacco
services was 97.5%. For other indicators, 91.4% incoming cessation may be beneficial and confer advantages to future
calls were promptly answered, 95.8% calls were answered health outcomes of TB patients who quit tobacco use.
in 30 seconds, messages response rate within 24 hours Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A179
was 100%, and the TSH’s net telephone line occupying DOI: 10.18332/tid/141373
81
Conversations, counselling and change making: Introduction

The quintessential chain to curb tobacco Pharmacists should offer tobacco cessation programs
menace as a highly accessible healthcare professional. However,
Surabhi Somani1 comprehensive tobacco cessation training is not generally
1
Toxin Taxation Private Limited, Hyderabad, India offered in pharmacy schools and regional pharmaceutical
[email protected] associations in Japan. We tried to evaluate the effect of
Introduction a train-the-pharmacists program for tobacco-nicotine
A study on the economics of global tobacco control in cessation.
1999, projected that lives saved by preventing youth from Objectives
tobacco usage are 20 million but if we aid in quitting, 180 To assess the knowledge and perception of pharmacists in
million lives could be saved by 2020. So, below framework Japan regarding tobacco-nicotine cessation.
would aid in quitting tobacco. 3 C framework entails: • Methods
Conversation Stage: introduce tobacco addiction and A total of 311 pharmacists participated in a half-day
galvanizing them on the long-term benefits of counselling. program consisting of a 2-hour lecture and 1.5-hour
• Counselling Stage: a customized 12-module plan to quit interactive workshop. Both before and after the program,
tobacco. • Change Maker Stage: participant becomes a participants answered a paper-based questionnaire.
change agent, motivating others to lead a tobacco-free Results
lifestyle A total of 266 participants completed the survey (response
Objectives rate of 86%). Our study showed low awareness among
Explore the 3 C framework in aiding to quit tobacco. participants concerning tobacco use as a risk factor
Methods for non-communicable diseases, i.e., liver cancer,
Sample: 25 male respondents with a different occupation, diabetes, and stroke, 29%, 23%, 65%, respectively. After
age, economic background consenting to quit tobacco. the program, almost participants answered that those
Post conversation, the participants had one counselling diseases had causally linked to tobacco use (86%, 87%,
session per week for 3 months. Carbon Monoxide monitor, 95%, respectively, all p< 0.001). Although only 13% and
feedback from family/friends to determine pre and post 10% of participants responded that heat-not-burn tobacco
tobacco usage after 6 months. Tools: Visual reminders, and e-cigarettes contain nicotine were less harmful than
rating scales, handbooks. Mode: Face to face, telephonic/ smoked tobacco, 41% of them answered that e-cigarettes
video calls. No drugs were prescribed. without nicotine were less health risk than cigarettes.
Results Participants’ knowledge and perception related to new
40% of participants completed the entire process, out of tobacco products significantly increased post-training.
which 70 % quit tobacco permanently. 30 % reduced their Conclusion(s)
tobacco usage by 60% to 80%. Conversation Stage made A train-the-pharmacist program significantly improved
them aware about the ill effects of tobacco usage as well as the knowledge and perception for supporting patients with
the benefits of quitting. Counselling Stage motivated them tobacco-nicotine cessation. As new findings reveal health
to stay tobacco-free by increasing their confidence through consequences linked to smoke/secondhand smoke and
various interventions such as Tobacco usage pattern, newer tobacco products continually being developed, there
Goal setting, Trigger factor and Withdrawal management is a need for upgrading the cessation program.
plans. Finally, Change making stage makes them a part of Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A181
valuable chain system to aid others in building the entire DOI: 10.18332/tid/141376
ecosystem for tobacco cessation. Limitations: Time and
financial constraint of the participants Cigarette cessation of novices done in the
Conclusion(s) “buddhist scripture school” (Kusonsamakorn
3 C framework is beneficial and is a harm reduction tool Phrapariyattidhamma School) in Bangkok,
for tobacco cessation. Adherence to counselling is the key
Thailand
step to ensure tobacco free lifestyle. Training on the 3 C Jantana Charoensuwan1, Sermsiri Subhakorn1
framework should be conducted for health professionals 1
Priest Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
across geographies so that quitting gets simplified for the [email protected]
tobacco users. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A180 An extension of the-more-than-10-years-cigarette
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141375 cessation program done among Buddhist monk-smokers
established in the out-patient NCD clinic of the Priest
The effect of a train-the-pharmacist program Hospital, BKK, Thailand to a more preventive oriented
for supporting tobacco-nicotine cessation in multi-disciplinary mobile team led by a dentist had been
Japan: A quasi-experimental study periodically implemented at the “Buddhist Scripture
Hiroko Tobari1, Yuji Takahashi2, Masaaki Aizawa3, Katsushi School” (Kusonsamakorn Phrapariyattidhamma School)
Murayama4, Kyoichi Miyazaki5, Naho Minagawa6, Akimi Hasegawa7, during 2560 BE (2017 CE).
Yusuke Hori8 Objectives
1
School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life This study described the success factors of the quit
Sciences, Hachioji City, Japan, 2School of Life Sciences, Tokyo
smoking program implemented in the “Buddhist Scripture
University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji City, Japan,
3
Department of Pharmacy, Sagamidai Hospital, Zama City, Japan,
School” (Kusonsamakorn Phrapariyattidhamma School)
4
Murayama Pharmacy, Niihama City, Japan, 5Japan Society for during 2560 BE (2017 CE).
Tobacco Control, Tokyo, Japan, 6Co. Ltd. Jyoubuya Medical Methods
Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan, 7Kurumi Pharmacy, Tottori City, Japan, “All informed consented novices” who had been asked
8
School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life to participate in the Quit smoking program with total
Sciences, Hachioji City, Japan participants of 97 novices. Key action means implemented
[email protected]
82
in the PRIEST Hospital included; 1) The collaboration of assistance abilities among the participants before and
the team workers from the hospital and the teachers or after joining the HLSCADP is in the moderate and high,
responsible persons in the Buddhist Scripture School respectively. Interestingly, the level of smoking cessation
is very important. Because the success of the program assistance abilities after participating the HLSCADP is
depend on the continuous tracking of the smokers or higher than before (t=2.78, p-value < .05).
new smokers, too. 2) Promoting of smoking cessation Conclusion(s)
campaign via mobile health units to persuade the smokers Hence, the result of this study indicates that the level of
in the Buddhist Scripture School to quit smoking and also smoking cessation assistance abilities among the VHVs
remained the non-smokers should be done periodically. 3) can be enhanced by the HLSCADP. The HLSCADP can
Intense mass campaign for the recruitment of participants be used as a guideline for developing smoking cessation
were done in May every years which was the month of assistance abilities among the VHVs in order to promote
the World No-smoking Day. 4) Multi-disciplinary team tobacco quit rate in Thailand.
approach, the team members included a psychologist, Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A183
a pharmacist, registered nurses and various medical DOI: 10.18332/tid/141388
physicians led by a dentist facilitate this program using
WHO 5As clinical practice guideline. The development of tobacco cessation in public
Results health centers, Health Department, Bangkok
All non-smoked Novices remained non-smokers during the Metropolitan Administration
implementation period, 80 of 97 (82.47% of total Novices). Kessara Suksabsin1
15 of 17 smoked Novices (88.24%) could quit smoking The Office of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment, Health
1
without relapsing as indicated by the WHO criteria. Department, Bangkok, Thailand

Promoting of smoking cessation campaign via mobile unit Introduction
by health team and collaboration with the responsible In the past, tobacco cessation services were provided only
person in school are the keys success in Quit-smoking in 18 Narcotics Clinics, but there were also patient smokers
program in novices in the Buddhist Scripture School. in outpatient clinics of 68 public health centers in Bangkok
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A182 Metropolitan. Thus in 2019 Health Department had
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141379 provided the policy to expand these services in outpatient
clinics to allow smokers access to tobacco cessation.
Effect of health literacy for smoking cessation Objectives
assistance developing program on smoking To examine effectiveness/outcome of a new guideline of
tobacco cessation services in public health centers.
cessation assistance abilities among village
Methods
health volunteers In 2019, The Office of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment
Kamollabhu Thanomsat1
1
Faculty of Nursing, Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University, Nakhon established tobacco cessation guidelines and trained the
Pathom, Thailand multidisciplinary teams to be able to provide tobacco
[email protected] cessation services as well as integrated this program in
Introduction general disease clinics, especially non-communicable
Tobacco use has still been a crucial leading cause of non- disease (NCD) clinics. The treatment process consists of
communicated diseases. The Village Health Volunteers screening and assessing the level of nicotine addiction and
(VHVs) play a significant role for tobacco control in Thailand, measuring CO levels in the lungs of all smokers by nurses.
particularly in the primary care system. However, they need The doctor provides treatment and the medication with
to be offered smoking cessation assistance competencies a brief intervention to quit smoking, as well as sending
in order to reach the national indicator for tobacco control. patients for the chest x-ray and oral health examination
Objectives then allow the counselor (social worker, psychologist) to
This quasi-experimental study aimed to compare the interview, make a motivation and appointments to follow
level of smoking cessation assistance abilities among up.
the Village Health Volunteers (VHVs) after participating Results
the health literacy for smoking cessation assistance The results showed that more patients received treatment
developing program (HLSCADP). for tobacco cessation. In 2017 there were 88440 patients,
Methods 1265 smokers who received the treatment, 59 smokers
The study participants were 64 VHVs in a province located be able to quit smoking for 6 months, 55 smokers quit
in the central region of Thailand. The participants were smoking for a year. But in 2019, there were increased to
trained and equipped with smoking cessations toolkits 219614 patients, 1763 smokers received treatment, 128
for providing smoking cessation service in primary care smokers quitted smoking for 6 months, and 69 smokers
settings by using the HLSCADP. The research instruments quitted smoking for a year.
consisted of the treatment which is the HLSCADP and the Conclusion(s)
collecting data instruments including demographic data This model helped patients to access and increased the
smoking cessation assistance abilities and health literacy probability for tobacco cessation. However, development
for smoking cessation assistance questionnaires. The still needs to strengthen and motivate for admission to
data were performed during 2019, June. Pair t-test was quit tobacco.
used to compare level of smoking cessation assistance Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A184
abilities among the participants between before and after DOI: 10.18332/tid/141389
participating the HLSCADP.
Results
The finding illustrates that the level of smoking cessation
83
Effectiveness of 4T (Tanya, Telaah, Tolong recurrence and metastasis, (6) reduces pain and increases
nasehati dan Tindak lanjut) for Quit Smoking the quality of life.
Rate in patient with Lung Tuberculosis at Objectives
Persahabatan Hospital (Preliminary study) To help cancer patients to stop smoking through nurses
Kolanda Maria Septauli1, Agus Dwi Susanto1, Heidy Agustin1, and proactive service of Quitline.
Tribowo Ginting2, Feni Fitriani Taufik1 Methods
1
Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of The program consists of three stages. Stage 1: all patients
Medicine, Persahabatan Respiratory Referral Hospital, University admitted to cancer hospital are given the questionnaire
of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2Psychiatry Department, about the smoking and willingness to stop. Additionally, all
Persahabatan Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia patients receive the leaflet on benefits of quitting smoking
[email protected]
after cancer diagnosis. Stage 2: if they are smokers and
Introduction they declare the willingness to stop smoking, their data
The challenge that must be faced in lung tuberculosis are sent to Quitline. The counsellors provide a support call/
treatment is patients who are still smoking or smoking calls to them. Stage 3: if someone declares smoking but
again after quitting in few days until months after treatment does not want to quit, anti-tobacco minimal intervention
of the anti-tuberculosis drug. Smoking cessation program (MI) is provided by the nurse on ward. If, as a result of the
in Indonesia is 4T that adapted from 5A (Ask, Advice MI, the patient changes his mind, the Quitline counselors
Assess, Assist, Arrange). will give him a proactive call.
Objectives Results
Monitoring smoking cessation in lung tuberculosis. Between September and December, 296 patients received
Methods the Quitline call. Only 40 of them wanted a second call
This study using randomized control trial design. Group and help in quitting. 65% of them changed their smoking
case is receiving 4T method and control group receiving a habits – 10 (25%) quit smoking completely and 16 (40%)
self-help smoking cessation leaflet. decreased smoking substantially. The assessment of the
Results long-term abstinence will be done after one year from
Total recruited patients were 20 males that diagnosed introducing the program.
as new cases of lung tuberculosis. In case group, 20% Conclusion(s)
(2) patients have high Brinkman index, 40% (4) moderate Proactive service could be effective in helping people to
Brinkman index, 40% (4) have mild Brinkman index, 20% (2) maintain the motivation to quit. The level of knowledge
have high Fargerstorm score, 20% moderate Fargerstorm about quitting benefits after cancer diagnosis is low.
score, 20% (2) mild Fargerstorm score and 40% (4) haven’t Further analysis is needed.
addicted to nicotine. In the control group, 10% (1) have Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A186
high Brinkman index, 30% (3) have moderate Brinkman DOI: 10.18332/tid/141391
index, 60% (6) have mild Brinkman index, 60% (6) have mild
Fargerstorm score, 30% (3) have high Fargerstorm score
Quitline - spice it up! Modern approach to
and 10% (1) have moderate fargerstrom score. In both
groups, 80% (8) patients have stop smoking and 20% (2) quitline service, example of Poland
Magdalena Cedzynska1, Pawel Koczkodaj1, Katarzyna Wnuk1,
are still smoking while in anti-tuberculosis drug therapy. Agata Ciuba1, Irena Przepiorka1
Conclusion(s) 1
Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology,
Patient must receive advice, motivation, and education Warsaw, Poland
to stop smoking. Even there is no difference between the [email protected]
two groups, but 4T can reduce total cigarettes in patients Introduction
who are smoking. This study needed more respondents Quitline is recommended as one of the approaches to
and a longer observation time to see the effectiveness of support tobacco users in quitting for implementation
4T method. of Article 14 of the WHO FCTC. The Polish Quitline was
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A185 established in 1996 as the first national quitline in CEE.
To increase the attractiveness and availability of Quitline,
Smoking cessation help for cancer patients: especially for young people.
Pilot project “Quitting supports treatment!” in Methods
National Institute of Oncology Online tools have been developed as a support of traditional
Magdalena Cedzynska1, Irena Przepiorka1, Katarzyna Wnuk1, Quitline service. They are: (1) website on how to quit smoking
Agata Ciuba1, Pawel Koczkodaj1 adapted to mobile devices, (2) Facebook fanpage and online
1
Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, services, (3) counselling through website form, (4) online
Warsaw, Poland requesting for Quitline proactive service. The website
[email protected] structure is divided into a few modules dedicated to different
Introduction needs of users. The smoking cessation section provides
Tobacco smoking adversely affects the course of cancer simple tips on how to stop smoking step by step. Other
with increased incidence of surgery complications, sections are dedicated to relatives of smokers, pregnant
complications after radiation therapy, and also decrease the women, etc. Self- help materials are also available through
effectiveness of radio- and chemotherapy. Quitting smoking: the website. Since 2019, smokers can use an online form
(1) reduces the incidence of postoperative complications, to ask for a proactive help from Quitline. All the user has to
reduces the healing time of the postoperative wound, (2) do to obtain a call from Quitline staff is to enter his name
increases the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiation and phone number in the form. Smokers can use as well
therapy, (4) reduces the frequency of complications after an online form to send a message/question to a specialist.
irradiation (e.g. radiation reaction or mucositis of various Results
organs), (5) reduces the risk of developing another cancer, Website: in the years 2016-2019, there were over 1200000
84
page views per year. One third of the users visit the website Effects of brief smoking cessation counseling at
several times. In the years 2018-2019, a vast majority of one-stop nursing service center
website visitors accessed it through mobile phones (over Orasa Panpakdee1, Apinya Siripithayakunkit2, Suda Sornpet3,
70%). Facebook fanpage: in the years 2016-2019, there Suporn Yupapan4, Sineenat Nawsuwan5, Sarapee Kowan6, Orasa
were over 11000 views per year. Online service: From Phinitgul7, Hatairatana Chaiduang8, Supawan Rugmak9, Sirin
2016-2019, Quitline counsellors replied to 250 letters per Yangthong10, Ulaiwan Aksonsri11, Chusri Manirat11, Chutima
Jiairaviboon12, Yupha Thongpanja13
year on average. Online request for proactive service from 1
Nurse Network on Tobacco Control of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand,
Quitline: in 2019, we received over 840 online requests. 2
Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand, 3Bangklam
Conclusion(s) Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand, 4Ranod Hospital, Songkhla,
The online service is an attractive and desirable tool to Thailand, 5Singhanakorn Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand, 6Namom
help people quit smoking and it should be a part of modern Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand, 7Somdejpraboroomrachieenart
Quitline service. Natawee Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand, 8Thepha Hospital,
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A187 Songkhla, Thailand, 9Pakphayun Hospital, Phatthalung, Thailand,
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141392
10
Khuanniang Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand, 11Hatyai Hospital,
Songkhla, Thailand, 12Sadao Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand,
13
Rataphum Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand
Effect of brief advice plus foot reflexology [email protected]
therapy for smoking cessation in Thailand Introduction
Mondha Kengganpanich1, Tharadol Kengganpanich1, Thanut Tobacco use is a major risk factor of Non-Communicable
Dolumpornpisuth2
Disease (NCD). Smokers with NCD need to stop smoking
1
Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences,
Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand,
in order to reduce their disease complications. Offering
2
Alternative Medicine Innovation’s Association, Bangkok, Thailand help to quit tobacco is one measure to reduce tobacco use.
[email protected] Nurses provide nursing care at Out Patients Department
Introduction (OPD) have opportunities to help patients quit smoking. To
Smoking prevalence in Thailand decreased very slowly increase accessibility of smoking cessation service, one-
especially in rural areas where there is a limitation of stop nursing service centers providing smoking cessation
smoking cessation accessibility. Giving brief advise plus for patients with NCD were developed by Nurse Network
foot reflexology therapy will be studied for providing more on Tobacco Control of Thailand (NNTC) and tested for its
alternatives to help smokers to quit. effectiveness.
Objectives Objectives
To evaluate the effect of brief advice plus foot reflexology To examine the abstinence rate of smokers who received
therapy on the success rate of smoking quit among brief smoking cessation counseling at one- stop nursing
different nicotine dependent smokers in Thailand. service center for NCD patients.
Methods Methods
This quasi-experimental research has been actualized The project was implemented in 10 community hospitals
in 462 daily smokers in 4 Sub-district Health Promoting and one tertiary care hospital located in a Southern province
hospitals, Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. Daily smokers of Thailand. Project activities include; 1) obtaining support
have got brief advice only on the first day plus a foot from hospital chief nurse 2) one day skill training of brief
massage for 10 days by village health volunteers and smoking cessation counseling 3) providing brief counseling
health workers. Data were collected pre-test before the based on 5As concepts and motivational interviewing
intervention and post-test on day 11 and one month by a technics by nurses at one- stop nursing service center,
scheduled interview. Data were analyzed by descriptive and 4) coaching by smoking cessation experts. Project was
statistic and proportional comparison tested by Z-test. then evaluated at 6 months after its implementation.
Results Results
Almost all of the daily smokers were male (95%) who There were one-stop nursing service centers at 28 OPDs
smoke an average of 15 sticks per day with a period of with 77 nurses provide smoking cessation. Of 65,731
smoking for 25 years, and more than half were high persons with NCD, 6895 were cigarette smokers (10.5%).
nicotine dependent. The type of cigarette was different by Most smokers were diagnosed with hypertension (37.5%).
age. The majority of elderly smoked roll-your-own. Ten There were 53.3% of smoker received brief advice and 22%
days after the intervention, 30% could quit, 31.8% were received brief smoking cessation counseling. Abstinence
in the high nicotine dependence group and 29.6% in the rate was 11.5% at 6 months follow-up.
low group. There was no significant difference among Conclusion(s)
the different nicotine dependence smokers at the day One-stop nursing service center for smoking cessation
11th (z=0.2, p=0.839). A month after the intervention, the can help patients quit smoking. To increase abstinence
overall smoking rate has increased a little bit to 31.7%, rate, tobacco cessation medication should be provided for
while in the high nicotine dependence group the rate was smokers with NCD.
decreased to 27.3% and in the low group increased to Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A189
32.7%. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference DOI: 10.18332/tid/141394
among the different nicotine dependence smokers at one
month (Z=0.5, p=0.623). Characteristics of dual user smokers who called
Conclusion(s) Thailand National Quitline
Applying foot reflexology therapy in addition to providing Orrawan Khongtor1, Jintana Yunibhand1,2
brief advice help people to quit smoking effectively. It 1
Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok, Thailand, 2Thailand
should be routinized into smoking cessation service in National Quitline, Bangkok, Thailand
[email protected]
Sub-district Health Promoting hospital.
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A188 Introduction
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141393 Presently, smokers use both cigarettes and e-cigarettes
85
(dual user smokers). The availability of electronic cigarettes a week (n=50), a group receiving consultation and exercise
(e-cigarettes) has profoundly changed the tobacco product once a month (n=250), and a control group (n=999). A
landscape. E-cigarettes were used by smokers has been village health volunteer was assigned to each participant
growing rapidly. It is important to observe and assess in the first two groups, i.e. those receiving consultation and
patterns in the use of e-cigarettes. exercise. They provided consultation and exercise focusing
Objectives on cardiopulmonary system regularly to assigned smokers
The purpose of this study was to understand how dual for 6 months. The control group received normal home
users differ in terms of demographics and nicotine visits by village health volunteers. A researcher assessed
dependence. The characteristic of dual user smokers who smoking cessation rate in the groups before and after
called Thailand National Quitline (TNQ) were examined. receiving the 6-month intervention.
Methods Results
This study used an in cross-sectional research design. After the intervention, all participants (100%) who received
Data were obtained from 948 smokers who had received consultation and exercise twice a week by village health
smoking cessation intervention from TNQ. Secondary data volunteers quitted smoking. Almost one fifth of participants
from the database of smokers who called TNQ from January (19%) who received consultation and exercise once a
2016 to December 2018 were used. Research instruments month by village health volunteers quitted smoking and
consisted of demographic data and smoking-related 81% of them reported a reduction in a number of smoking
information such as nicotine dependence, confidence to cigarettes. Only 2% of participants in the control group
quit and quit smoking questionnaire. The acquired data quitted smoking and 52% of them reduced a number of
were analyzed by using descriptive statistics. smoking cigarettes.
Demographic data revealed that the subjects had an age In conclusion, the novel program, i.e. having a village health
range from 14-65 years-old. Almost half of them had an volunteer to provide closely consultation and exercise
age range from 15-24 years (49.05%). The majority of to each smoker, is a promising intervention to promote
them were male (90.51%). Compared to general smokers, smoking cessation. Based on the findings, it seems that the
dual user smokers were younger. Around one-third more frequent the consultation and exercise is provided,
of them were the student. They have more education, the more efficacy the intervention become.
report a history of psychiatric co-morbidity, hypertension, Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A191
and respiratory disease. Smoking-related information DOI: 10.18332/tid/141396
revealed that most of them smoked daily (94.94%), and
one-thirds smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day. Half Pathway to quit: Strategies for smoking
of them smoked within 5 minutes after waking (61.39%) cessation in a resource-limited setting, lesson
and smoked when sick (58.12%). Half of them reported from Thailand
quit attempt in the previous year (55.70%), they used to Pornanan Domthong1, Nattapong Boonrod1, Ampawan
cut down technique when the stopped smoking (66.56%), Srihawattana2, Uthumporn Domthong3
Family was a motivation to cessation. In addition, they 1
Department of Internal Medicine, Khon Kaen Hospital, Khon
report confidence to quit at a high level. Kaen, Thailand, 2Smart Quit Clinic, Out-patient Department, Khon
Conclusion(s) Kaen Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand, 3Department of Statistics,
The results revealed that dual users are supplementing their Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
[email protected]
smoking with e-cigarette use. Further research needs to
Introduction
compare the characteristics of single users and dual users.
Nicotine-replacement therapy (NRT) and adjunct non-
NRT pharmacological treatment are most effective
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141395
tobacco-control treatments worldwide. Unfortunately,
the applicability of these approaches to low- and middle-
Efficacy of a novel program (DUO) for smoking income countries are limited because of their expenses.
cessation among smokers in Khambon According to World Bank information in 1999, there were
community, Buengkan province only 0.4% of smokers in Thailand who could be subsidized
Poohdich Sawigamin1 NRT (comparing to 25%, 18.5%, 15.6% of smokers in
1
Physical Therapy Department, Seka Hospital, Seka, Thailand
Australia, Finland, and United Kingdom, respectively).
[email protected]
Objectives
Introduction
We aim to evaluate abstinence rate after setting up
Most smokers cannot stop smoking effectively by himself.
Smart Quit Clinic under resource-limited context without
Before 2015 Seka Hospital used 1 village health volunteer
providing NRT.
monitoring smoker 5-10 person, could stop smoking by
Methods
5%. Having a network to monitor and support various
Smart Quit Clinic in Khon Kaen Hospital in Thailand is a
processes will be the most effective and together with the
program under resource-limited context to help smoking
novel program (DUO).
cessation. This program provides individual extensive
Objectives
counseling by specialty trained providers and intensive
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of novel program
support, group behavioral therapy, telephone counseling,
(DUO) for smoking cessation in Khambon community,
and minority of non-NRT pharmacological treatment. The
Buengkan province.
primary objective is to find the continuous abstinence
Methods
rate (CAR) at a 12-month period. Cross sectional study
The study design was pretest-posttest control-group. In
was conducted for 7 months from April to October, 2016.
total, 1299 smokers were recruited from October 2016
All eligible participants were prospectively follow up
to September 2017. Participants were divided into three
until completing the period. Clinical data collection and
groups: a group receiving consultation and exercise twice
descriptive statistical analysis were performed.
86
Results tobacco. The first few days to weeks after quitting will be
The study involved 358 participants, of whom 99.4% the hardest.
were male. About 32.7% of the smokers were between Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A193
45-54 years old. Of 32.7% was 11-20 pack-years for a DOI: 10.18332/tid/141398
quantification of smoking intensity. About 34.7% of them
had 6-7 scores tested with the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Is tooth stain reduction a motivating factor
Dependence. All participants had attended to various non- in nicotine replacement gum therapy among
pharmacologic strategies in Smart Quit Clinic. Only one- moderately dependent cigarette smokers? An
fourth of them received non-NRT with Vernonia cinerea.
interventional study
None of them was accessible for other standard non-NRT Saravanan Poorni1, Parangimalai Diwakar Madan Kumar2
and NRT. Remarkably, the 12-month CAR was 43.3%. 1
Saveetha University, Chennai, India, 2Ragas Dental College,
Conclusion(s) Tamil Nadu, India
Although most of pharmacological strategies for smoking [email protected]
cessation programs are less feasible and less affordable Introduction
in Thailand, a combination of intensive, specialized care, Though cigarette smoking is associated with a variety of
and behavioral modification provided by Smart Quit Clinic negative health care effects, tooth staining and halitosis are
achieved considerably high rates of cessation success. few reversible complications associated with the aesthetic
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A192 perception of the users, making them an important
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141397 motivational factor in tobacco cessation practices. Nicotine
Replacement Therapy (NRT) gums has been traditionally
Tobacco cessation process, systems and used for moderately dependent smokers to facilitate the
services to quit tobacco addiction transition from smoking to abstinence.
Prateek Katara1 Objectives
1
Non-Communicable Diseases, NCD Care Foundation, Hyderabad, The aim of this study was to assess whether quit rates were
India better with a tooth whitener based NRT gum compared to
[email protected] that of a plain NRT gum among a group of bus drivers who
Introduction were moderately dependent to cigarette smoking.
Tobacco use is one of the leading preventable causes of Methods
illness and death. The most powerful predictor of adult This interventional study was conducted among sixty
tobacco use is smoking during adolescence. Tobacco bus drivers who were current cigarette smokers with
use is growing fastest in low-income countries. Tobacco a mean use of 5.3 cigarettes per day for a duration of
Cessation Services must be available. through out the 9.4 years. The study participants were divided into two
country The first formal tobacco cessation clinics in India arms, with the interventional group being administered a
were set up in 2002, as a joint initiative of the Ministry of sodium bicarbonate based tooth whitener containing NRT
Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. gum, while the control group being administered plain
Objectives NRT gum, after regular tobacco cessation advices. The
Tobacco cessation clinics objectives expanded to include outcome variable assessed were tooth staining based on
training, awareness and advocacy issues and were re- the modified Lobene index and subjective assessment of
designated as tobacco cessation centres. The purpose of smoking frequency, quit and relapse rate at baseline and
these clinics is to develop intervention models for tobacco 6 weeks after cessation therapy.
cessation for smoking and smokeless tobacco users, Results
generate experience in the delivery of these interventions, At the end of study duration, the mean tooth stain index
and finally, to study the feasibility of implementing these was reduced significantly in the interventional group from
interventions. 2.4 to 1.2 (p<0.05, Mann Whitney U Test), while there was
Methods no difference in the control group. Self reported complete
Following methods are there for efficient and effective abstinence was reported among 7 and 5 in the intervention
tobacco cessation system and services: 1.Tobacco and control groups respectively. Both quit and relapse
Cessation Clinic (OPD based and community based); rates were statistically insignificant between both the
2. Research work is also conducted by different TCCs; groups.
3. Educational Programmes; 4.Display of educational Conclusion(s)
materials. The service model developed by the TCCs can Though the subjects of this study demonstrated a
be extended to the community. People must be educated significant reduction in tooth staining with a tooth whitener
about the availability and benefits of tobacco cessation based NRT gum, its relevance as an additional motivating
programmes. Healthcare givers must be trained in with factor for smoking cessation is questionable.
behaviour counselling and pharmacotherapy. It is possible Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A194
and better to have community bases services for peoples DOI: 10.18332/tid/141399
in country.
Results Impact of tobacco cessation clinic based “brief
Believe in Five As (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist and Arrange)
advice” on quitting among patients of a tertiary
is a five to fifteen minute research based counseling tool
that has proven to be successful: Ask - systematically
cardiac care hospital in Bangladesh
Shamim Jubayer1, Zerin Zahed1, Abdullah Al Mamun1, Sohel
identify all tobacco users at every visit; Advice - strongly Reza Choudhury1
urge all tobacco users to quit; Assess - willingness to 1
Department of Epidemiology and Research, National Heart
make a quit attempt; Assist - aid the client to quit; Arrange Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- schedule a follow-up contact. [email protected]
It is important to remember the reasons you want to stop Bangladesh is a country with high tobacco-related disease
87
burden however clinic-based tobacco cessation services Then TG have to train about basic counseling, screening,
has not evolved accordingly. Tobacco cessation clinic was following up and motivational talking.
established at National Heart Foundation Hospital and Results
Research Institute (NHFH&RI) in 2013 and since then the The result show that 27.64% of samples can quit smoking
clinic is providing cessation service to its patients. by this program meanwhile the detection of substance
Objectives testing of population was also decreased to 39.18%. TG
This study was done to evaluate the impact of clinic-based can expand the network up 13 other establishments within
cessation service on quitting among the patients. 1 year (2018). In addition, TG has been extended to other
Methods target groups in 2019, including 4 schools/universities
A referral system was established among the doctors of called youth counselors; YC, 7 TGs of LGBT and sex workers
in-patient and out-patient departments to know the history called TCO+(appended on mental health and STI), 9 TGs
of tobacco use. Doctors would ask the detected tobacco through online system by a group of famous online social
users to refrain from it and query whether s/he needs any networks user; Net-idol called TCE.
further counselling. On the patient’s agreement, they were Conclusion(s)
referred to the cessation clinic by filling a form. In tobacco This model clearly show that having people who have a
cessation, clinic patients were evaluated for their level of social context and close contact with the target group as an
nicotine dependence. Then a trained counsellor explained intermediary in integrating cooperation and reaching that
the health hazard of tobacco use and benefits of quitting. target group the result is satisfactory, beneficial and can
Then patients were followed up over telephone after one reach target groups closer.
and six months to know their status. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A196
661 registered patients were counselled (mostly behavioral
counselling). The mean age of the respondents was 40.5 The success rate of smoking cessation in MSMC
years, all are male and have had a history of smoking COPD clinic patients
tobacco. Among them, 628 had at least one follow-up and Sirapat Tulatamakit 1 , Kantarat Wattanawinitchai 1 , Suthat
133 patients quitted within this period with a quit rate of Rungruanghiranya1, Pichaya Petborom1, Kanokwan Preedapornpakorn1
21.3%. 108 of them quitted within six month and other 25 1
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
took more than six months. 4 of the patients (0.6%) did Srinakharinwirot University, HRH Princess Maha Chakri
agree to take drug varenicline (0.5mg) for 12 weeks but Sirindhorn Medical Center, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
[email protected]
they didn’t quiet.
Introduction
Conclusion(s)
Influence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
For sustainable cessation service, repeated advocacy with
(COPD) has a global economic burden of Noncommunicable
physician’s tobacco cessation? needs to be done. As people
Diseases. COPD is increasingly becoming a cause of death
are more accepting of the advice by health professionals, a
in Thailand and trending to be a significant cause of death
systematic cessation intervention may strengthen patients’
worldwide. In HRH MSMC hospital indicates that COPD is
motivation for quitting tobacco.
becoming more common amongst patient in significant
scale.
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141400
Objectives
COPD clinic is set up in HRH MSMC with contribution
Therapeutic based on community in from pulmonologists, nurses, pharmacists, physical
organization program: TCO therapists, nutritionists, and tobacco control team to
Shaowpicha Techo1, Akkraset Chawengchinnawong2
provide treatment, supervise medication, rehabilitation
1
Psychologist New Step Clinic, Department of Health, Bangkok
Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand, 2Krubb Bangkok, and counseling. This research aims to study the successful
Bangkok, Thailand prototype of COPD clinic.
Introduction A retrospective study collects data of patients in COPD
Nowadays, Accession to health services is neglected as clinic from January 2016 to December 2017. The outcome
well as drug and substance abuse treatment system, is compared between before and after enrollment in the
also cigarettes. It’s cause serious problems and affect COPD clinic.
to health. Providing services to reach different target Results
groups in different contexts is therefore a very challenging Based on 80 patients data, 75 males, mean age is 72 year-
issue for limited therapists. So that, it’s necessary to old and the median of BMI is 21.72 (18.59-23.65). The
have a person as an intermediary to reach various target median number of pack-year is 30 pack-year (20-37). The
groups, including counseling, screening, following up and median duration of smoking cessation before enrollment
understanding referral system through supervision by is 7 years (3.25-12.0). The patients are composed of
expert staff continuously. GOLD spirometry stage1 43.75%, stage2 37.5%, stage3
Objectives 14.5%, and stage4 4.1%. We found that 50% of COPD clinic
This study aim to study the effect of TCO. patients were successful in smoking cessation and 60%
Methods continued to stop smoking for at least 1 year (5 out of 10
The samples were employees in an establishment active smokers that attend COPD clinic stopped smoking
about transportation with various positions. Purposively and 6 patients continued to stop smoking for at least 1
selected from general staff level to manager level within year). The median of COPD Assessment Test (CAT score)
1,079 cases. Samples had trained about danger, harm and before enrollment is 8 (1.5-11.0) which improve to score 5
effects from drugs abuse and cigarettes to find volunteers (2-10.5) and 4 (1-9) at 6 and 12 months after enrollment.
into treatment system and enroll the volunteers to recruit And the 6-minute-walk distance (6MWD) test increased
for being voluntary counselor or called “TCO Gang; TG”. from the median of 276 m. (144-318) before enrollment to
88
282 m. (168-327) and 288 m. (180-324) at 6 and 12 months Trends of smoking cessation status: The
after enrollment. implementation of the 5As smoking cessation
Conclusion(s) model among smokers in Pathum Health
The successful of COPD clinic compound with tobacco Promoting Hospital
control program could be a holistic care model. Sumrarn Phulthong1, Wilawan Lakket1, Supranee Muangkote1
Pathum Health Promoting Hospital, Thailand
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141402 [email protected]
Introduction
Involving selected Sri Lankan military corps to Smoking, passive smoking, and tobacco use are a common
reduce tobacco consumption within camps: An risk factor to the main non-communicable diseases
example for application of health promotion (NCDs), including several cancers, and are the leading
approach cause of premature death in Thai population. Several health
Soysa Dilukshi Nawodani1, Samantha Kithalawaarachchi2, organizations have adopted the 5As brief intervention
Subani Perera1, Najith Duminda Guruge1, Shalika Ruwanmali model for effective change in smoking cessation.
Karunarathna1, Naradi Shanuka Baduge1, Airawansha Kumari Objectives
Airawansa1 This study aimed to investigate the implementation of the
1
Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Applied Sciences, 5As smoking cessation model.
Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka, 2Presidential Methods
Task Force on Drug Prevention, Colombo, Sri Lanka
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Pathum
[email protected]
Health Promoting Hospital. The participants were 60
Introduction
smokers who received the smoking cessation program
Military corps have a high risk of tobacco consumption
and age over 15 years. Demographic data was recorded
because they have a unique susceptible background and a
and documented during face to face interviews with
behavioral pattern for tobacco consumption.
questionnaire. Nicotine dependence was examined
Objectives
by Fagerstrom test. The stages of change model were
The main purpose of the study was to discourage tobacco
developed to examine the changes in smoking cessation
consumption in the selected Sri Lankan military corps
among smokers at 1, 3, 6 months. Descriptive statistics
using health promotion applications.
was used to describe the results
Methods
Results
Fifty officers and soldiers who represented different
After 1 month in implementation of the 5As smoking
divisions in Sri Lanka participated to the health promotion
cessation model, our results showed that twenty-
training for 6 days covering 42 hours. A dream to build
five smokers reported quit smoking. 32 smokers were
a healthy military was developed with the participants
reducing smoking and only 3 smokers were still smoking.
and reducing consumption and attraction towards tobacco
In addition, we found that 21 smokers were quit smoking
were identified by them as the key areas which need to
after 6 months. Only 4 smokers were repeating smoking.
be changed. First two days of the training were used to
The results suggest that friend smoking behaviors and
improve their knowledge on real harm of tobacco, industry
having family stresses contribute to repeated smoking. we
media strategies to promote consumption and availability
found the factors specifically were involved in successful
of tobacco within camps. Successful evidence was used
smoking cessation included health condition of themselves,
through photos, video clips. Health promotion facilitators
families’ health, and expenses of a pack of cigarettes.
facilitated military groups to identify determinants that
Conclusion(s)
affect high tobacco consumption. Then they were trained
The 5As for smoking cessation model can be finding a
to change identified determinants within camps while
motivation to support smokers toward quitting and
facilitating them through role-plays, field visits at the
significantly reduce smoking among smokers. Therefore,
community level. Action plans to implement within camps
the healthcare professionals and healthcare volunteers
were developed together with the participants. Changes
should be received intensive and interactive workshop
were monitored by study participants using observations
based on the 5As to support smokers at varying stages of
and interviews.
change toward quitting.
Results
After the training session, with the improved understanding
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141406
on real harm of tobacco, industrial strategies and media
influence for tobacco promotions, participants suggested
to change the behavior of smoking at the parties inside the Expectations and satisfaction in the use of the
camp and reducing the attachment of glamor to smoking smartphone smoking cessation application, Thai
at parties. Reduced the number of cigarettes that sell in Rai Kwan
the camp and prevented the initiation of smoking once Suwimon Rojnawee1, Suthat Rungruanghiranya2, Surasak
Treenai1, Sunida Preechawong1
after joining with the military through empowering them 1
Faculty of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,
using innovative activities. 2
Faculty of Medicine, Srinakarinwirot University, Bangkok,
Conclusion(s) Thailand
Empowering military corps as a group is effective to [email protected]
control over the determinants which affect tobacco usage Introduction
and giving them the ownership to carry out the process The Thai Health Promotion Foundation together with the
which discourages tobacco consumption. Health Professional Alliance against Tobacco developed
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A198 a smartphone program, the Thai-Rai-Kwan application
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141403 (TRK-App) or Smoke-free Thailand application (SFT-App)
for people of all ages to connect with smoking cessation
services. Since March 2016, the app has been free for
89
download on both iOS and Android platforms. with a pregnant partner from antenatal clinics at seven
Objectives public hospitals in Hong Kong. The participants were
This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to assess the computer-randomised (1:1) into the intervention or control
expectations and satisfaction for using the Thai Rai Kwan group. All participants received brief advice to quit (usual
smoking cessation smartphone application (TRK-App) and care). The intervention group additionally received offers
to evaluate its effectiveness in encouraging people to quit of 1-week free sample of NRT and referral to smoking
smoking. cessation services. The primary outcome is carbon
Methods monoxide-verified 7-day point-prevalence abstinence
The participants included 112 smokers, 18 years or older (PPA) at 6 months post-treatment initiation. Secondary
who smoked at least five cigarettes a day and had installed outcomes at 3 months include self-reported 7-day PPA,
the TRK-App in their mobile phone. Data were collected 24-hour quit attempt, use of NRT and smoking cessation
through self-reported questionnaires answered from services. The target sample size is 1,148. The primary
March to June 2018. analyses were by intention-to-treat. Trial registration:
Results ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03671707).
The participants had highest expectations for provision by Results
the TRK-App of adequate smoking cessation information Participant recruitment began in October 2018 and is
( = 4.57; SD = 0.56) and ease of first time use ( = 4.51; SD expected to end by March 2020. This interim analysis
= 0.52). Afterwards, the participants’ satisfaction level was included 777 participants who were randomised (384 in the
highest for convenience of first time use ( = 4.53; SD = 0.51), intervention group and 393 in the control group) and due
but lowest for running the application smoothly. In terms for 3-month follow-up on December 18, 2019 (retention
of success in quitting smoking, the 7 day point-prevalence rate=77.1%). Compared with the control group, the
abstinence rate at a one month follow-up was 21.4%. intervention group had higher rates of self-reported 7-day
Conclusion(s) PPA (19.3% vs 13.2%; OR=1.57; 95% CI 1.06–2.30; P=0.023),
The TRK-App provided positive results and enabled quit attempt (41.9% vs 31.6%; OR=1.57; 95% CI 1.17–2.10;
smokers to quit smoking. Healthcare providers such P=0.003), use of NRT (29.4% vs 1.5%; OR=26.9; 95% CI
as nurses and physicians who have significant roles in 11.7–62.0; P<0.001) and smoking cessation services (3.1%
promoting progressive smoking cessation methods and vs 1.9%; OR=2.44; 95% CI 0.93–6.42; P=0.071).
helping people to quit smoking, should adopt this effective Conclusion(s)
smoking cessation application like TRK-App as a useful We found preliminary evidence on the effectiveness of the
new tool for smokers. brief cessation intervention. If confirmed by final analysis
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A200 of all subjects, the trial would yield strong evidence to
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141407 support such simple and low-cost interventions especially
in Asian countries where male smoking predominates and
Brief advice combined with nicotine few pregnant women smoke.
replacement therapy sampling and active Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A201
referral (BANSAR) for smoking expectant DOI: 10.18332/tid/141408
fathers: An interim analysis of an ongoing
multicentre, pragmatic randomised controlled Score level of conformity to Thai tobacco-
trial free healthcare setting standards in view of
Tzu Tsun Luk1, Wing-Cheong Leung2, Kwok-yin Leung3, Ka Wang hospitals and health centers in Thailand
Cheung4, Carina Kwa5, Kar-Hung Siong6, Kwok-Keung Tang7, Varabhorn Bhumiswasdi1, Araya Thongphiew1, Nanta Auamkul1,
Kai-Wan Lee8, Tai Hing Lam9 Komgrib Pukrittayakamee1, Puan Suthipinittharm1, Nares
1
School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Wongpitoon1, Rattiyaporn Thongyourn1, Waranya Preekan1,
Hong Kong SAR PRC, 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pawarisa Khongyut2
Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC,
1
Thai Physician Alliance Against Tobacco, Bangkok, Thailand,
3
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Elizabeth
2
National Alliance For Tobacco Free Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC, 4Department of [email protected]
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Introduction
Hong Kong SAR PRC, 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Thai Physician Alliance Against Tobacco (TPAAT) has
United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC, continuously empowered hospitals and health centers,
6
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tuen Mun Hospital, that are smart quit clinic members of TPAAT, to use Thai
Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC, 7Department of Obstetrics Tobacco-Free Hospital/Healthcare Setting Standards
and Gynaecology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital,
(TTFHS) as guideline to play active roles in the prevention
Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC, 8Department of Obstetrics
and Gynaecology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong and control of tobacco use. Eight standards are as follow:
Kong SAR PRC, 9School of Public Health, The University of Hong leadership and commitment, two-way communication and
Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC public relation for policy enforcement, human resource
[email protected] development, comprehensive tobacco treatment service
Introduction system, tobacco treatment supportive management system,
Pregnancy presents a teachable moment to motivate Tobacco-free environment, community involvement, and
smoking expectant fathers to quit smoking, but evidence result and analysis. In 2019, 115 hospitals/health centers
from randomised controlled trials (RCT) is scarce. voluntarily submitted their self-assessment reports
Objectives (SARs) to TPAAT.
To evaluate the effectiveness of a brief advice with nicotine Objectives
replacement therapy (NRT) sampling in increase quitting To study hospitals/health centers own view of conformity
in smoking expectant fathers. level to TTFHS in 2019.
Methods Methods
This pragmatic RCT recruits male daily cigarette smokers 115 SARs were analyzed. Total score of conformity to
90
TTFHS was classified into 5 levels - beginner, fair, good, instant messages from a counselor provided behavioral
very good and excellent. Conformity ranking to 8 standards and psychosocial support for their quit attempts. Busy
were determined. work and low interest were the main barriers for not
Results engaging in chat-based intervention. Low motivation to
115 hospitals/health centers were in Bangkok and other quit, high addiction to nicotine and lack of social support
45 provinces. There were 2 university hospitals, 7 regional were emerged as important factors contributing to
hospitals, 24 general hospitals, 46 community hospitals, 5 continuous smoking. Participants felt their quit attempts
specialized hospitals, 4 army hospitals 1 private hospital would be aided by offering optional cessation supports such
and 26 public health centers. 35.7% of them viewed as nicotine replacement therapy, personalized referral
themselves at very good level. 22.6%, 21.7%, 16.5% and assistance to smoking cessation service, individual phone
3.5% were at good, excellent, fair and beginner level counseling, visualized smoking cessation messages and
respectively. Conformity comparison to each standard support from family/peer group.
using the average score showed that tobacco-free Conclusion(s)
environment had the highest average score and result and Chat-based smoking cessation support was underused.
analysis had the lowest average score. Continuing smokers may benefit from flexible adaptive
Conclusion(s) trials that providing optional cessation supports according
Most hospitals/health centers assessed themselves to their preferences. The findings will inform the
that they conformed rather well to TTFHS standards. development of an adaptive chat-based smoking cessation
Annual self-assessment activity to find out opportunities trial in the community.
for improvement should be encouraged. External Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A203
empowerment visits to confirm their achievement DOI: 10.18332/tid/141410
and capacity building to strengthen continuous quality
improvement culture for the progression of effective and SHadow Under the Lamp (SHUL): Smoking
efficient tobacco cessation service system should be behavior of the health professionals in Pakistan
conducted. Scaling up and expansion of TTFHS utilization Zohaib Khan1, Kamran Siddiqi2, Muhammad Aziz Rahman3
nationwide is recommended. 1
Office of Research, Innovation and Commercialization, Khyber
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A202 Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan, 2Department of Health
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141409 Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom, 3School of
Nursing and Healthcare Professions, Federation University
Australia, Ballarat, Australia
Exploring perspectives for developing an [email protected]
adaptive chat-based smoking cessation Introduction
intervention among continuing smokers in Hong Smoking cessation is the best option a health professional
Kong: Community-based, qualitative study can offer to the patients for averting the preventable
Xue Weng1, Shengzhi Zhao1, Antonio Kwong2, Vienna Lai2, Tai causes of mortality and morbidity.
Hing Lam3, Man Ping Wang1 Objectives
1
School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, To determine smoking behavior, preferred cessation
Hong Kong SAR PRC, 2Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health,
methods, and attitudes towards smoking cessation
Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC, 3School of Public Health,
The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR PRC amongst health professionals in Pakistan.
Introduction The cross-sectional study is a part of global study including
Mobile phone-based smoking cessation intervention has six countries in the Asia Pacific and Middle East, including
shown promise in helping people to quit. Many, however, doctors and nurses working at different hospital settings
continue to smoke after receipt of chat-based intervention. in Pakistan. Participants responded anonymously to an
Adaptive trial design allows modifications of intervention online questionnaire.
contents based on smoker’s needs and preferences. Results
Objectives Among 131 participants, 79% were males and 76% were
This study aimed to explore the experiences of continuing doctors. The mean age was 28(±4) years. Most of them
smokers on using the chat-based support through (72%) were never smokers and 5% was a daily smoker.
mobile phone instant messaging apps, to explore their Among 24 current smokers, 67% smoked 2-9 cigarettes
perspectives on what optional supports could help in per day, 78% perceived it as ‘very important’ to quit
quitting, and to inform the development of future trials smoking, half of them attempted to quit in the last six
using an adaptive design to maximize practical applicability months, 33% wanted to have a group cessation program
in the community. with same health professional cohort as the preferred way
Methods to quit smoking. Only 18% had formal training on smoking
Purposive sampling was used to recruit community cessation, but 74% were interested to receive one. Half of
smokers who were unable to quit after participating in the participants (55%) said they ‘always’ asked patients
our previous chat-based smoking cessation trials. The if they smoked, 95% said they advised to quit, 82% said
semi-structured interview guide included: (1) experiences they assessed intention to quit, 42% said they assisted
of using chat-based support (2) reasons for continuing smokers by referring to cessation program, and 35% said
smoking and (3) suggestions on the content of optional they arranged to follow up for cessation. Compared to the
cessation supports to optimize the proposed adaptive current smokers, never smokers were more likely to assist
trial. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using smokers by discussing medication for cessation (60% vs.
thematic framework analysis. 40%, p=0.028, ORs 3.42, 95%CIs 1.20-9.69).
Thirteen interviews were conducted (11 males and 2 Health professionals in Pakistan reported good behavior
females aged 25-67 years). Participants agreed regular around advice to smokers, but not on assisting them to
91
quit. Health professionals who smoke should be both [email protected]

encouraged to quit and to better support their patients Introduction
to do so. Making a quit attempt is a key step in smoking cessation.
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A204 Intention to quit has been found to be an important factor
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141412 which associated with quit attempts. Many factors have
been shown to be associated with intention to quit such as
The implementation of quit-calendar for public socioeconomic factors, positive attitude towards quitting,
health system under the ‘Quit for King’ project, higher self-efficacy and etc. Identifying factors affecting
Thailand: Phase I intention to quit would have potential to improve smoking
Anun Chaikoolvatana1 cessation rate.
1
College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani Objectives
University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand To examine the correlation of number of smoked cigarette
[email protected] per day and intention to quit.
As the Thai Health Organization, the Council of Community 40 daily smokers who participate in smoking cessation
Public Health, and the Thai Society Volunteering Association program were completing baseline data including number
established ‘Quit for King’ Project aimed to implement of smoked cigarette per day and intention to quit. Intention
‘public health network and volunteers’ to develop action- to quit was assessed by using 10-cm visual analog
based activity together with the campaign-based activity scale. The Pearson's correlation was conducted for the
related to alcohol and tobacco consumption. correlation test.
Objectives Results
1. To drive anti-smoking campaign activities for health An average intention to quit of 40 daily smokers was 7.8 ±
behavior changes via public health networks and 1.8 and smoked an average of 9.3±5.5 cigarettes per day.
volunteers. 2. To integrate a Quit-Calendar into routinely- 62.8% of participants have never tried to quit smoking.
smoking cessation process. There was a moderate correlation between the number of
Methods smoked cigarette per day and intention to quit (r=-0.53, p
1. Public Health Supervisor, Region 10 called for the meeting < 0.00).
with heads of district health offices (25), sub-district Conclusion(s)
health promotion hospitals (177), Sri-Sa-Ket province Number of smoked cigarette per day was significantly
regarding the project. 2. All representatives underwent associated with quitting and intention to quit among daily
‘basic knowledge and skills’ training program held by TRC smokers. Thus, smokers who smoked higher puff a day
researchers. 3. The contents of a Quit-Calendar include may likely to need more intensive support if they are
some crucial knowledge and skills related to dangers engaged in smoking cessation program.
of cigarette smoking, quit smoking process, life style Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A206
modification, and limitations were stated. 4. The health DOI: 10.18332/tid/141414
care staffs used a Quit-Calendar to persuade public health
volunteers who need to quit smoking. The evaluation of Combine pharmacotherapy and behavior
quit rates and satisfaction would be presented to “Phase counseling to quit a heated tobacco product: A
II Project” case report
Results Fei-Ran Guo1, Hsien-Liang Huang1, Chyi-Feng Jan1, Chien-Hsieh
There were 202 officers enrolled into the training program. Chiang1, Jaw-Shiun Tsai1
The trainings were divided into 4 different regions. All 1
Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University
screening skills, treatment, and cessation counseling Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
skills were provided. They learnt how to apply a Quit- [email protected]
Calendar to a routinely-smoking cessation process. Patient Introduction
data based system was developed via ‘Google Drive’. A Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are still harmful though
standard operating protocol guidebook (SOP) related to harm reduction is claimed. There is a need to quit HTPs but
cessation treatment and counseling was also developed there are no published studies.
as ‘handy book’. Finally, website ‘www.smileclinic.org’ Methods
was established to communicate, hand in patient data, Case Presentation: A 41 year old male with underline
exchange ideas and attitudes of both volunteers and health hypertension, presented to our clinic and asked to quit
officers. IQOS. He has smoked 40 cigarettes per day for about
Conclusion(s) 20 years. The score of Fagerström test for nicotine
For Phase I of the ‘Quit for King’ Project, the preparations dependence (FTND) was 6. He had an ischemic stroke in
included Quit-Calendar development, readiness of public Jan, 2019, at the time Moyamoya disease was suspected.
health network and volunteers via cessation trainings, He changed to use IQOS and stopped combustible
Quit-Calendar uses, and data collection. cigarettes afterwards. He smoked 20 sticks of IQOS per
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A205 day. He had an intracranial hemorrhage in June, 2019.
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141413 During hospitalization, a smoking cessation counselor was
consulted. He was suggested to quit IQOS. He visited an
Correlation between number of cigarettes per out-patient clinic where 105 tablets of 2mg nicotine gum
day and intention to quit in smokers participate were prescribed for 7 days. He abstained from using IQOS
in this week. After discharge, he visited our clinic again and
in smoking cessation program
Thaniya Klinsophon1, Prawit Janwantanakul1, Premtip
210 tablets of nicotine gum were given. During a period of
Thaveeratitham1 9 weeks, a total of 6 cessions of behavior counseling were
1
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health provided. He received operation of Moyamoya disease in
Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand Aug, 2019. The post-operation condition was stable.
92
Results Smoking cessation and glycemic control among

He denied smoking any kind of tobacco product in the type 2 diabetes patients in primary care,
telephone follow-up at 3 and 6 months. Bangkok, Thailand
Conclusion(s) Suthee Saritsiri1, Pongsri Panintrarux1, Sukitta Kuykomoot1,
The case had strong willingness to quit HTPs due to Chawasri Poonvutikul1
recurrent stroke. The long term health effects of HTPs 1
The 67th Public Health Center, Health Department, Bangkok
are unknown. Therefore, we suggest to quit all tobacco Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand
products. We provide a successful experience of quitting [email protected]
HTPs through the combination of pharmacotherapy and Introduction
behavior counseling. Smoking cessation is the target of diabetes control. In
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A207 2018, there are 418 diabetes patients classified to 360 non-
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141416 smokers, 32 ex-smokers and 26 current-smokers. For
26 current-smokers received 5 A's: Ask, Advise, Assess,
Tobacco cessation services and medications to Assist, and Arrange intervention by healthcare team
followed after smoking cessation in 1 year.
quit tobacco for NCD patients
Prateek Katara1
Objectives
1
Non-Communicable Diseases, NCD Care Foundation, Hyderabad, To compare health outcome change after smoking
Telangana, India cessation in 1 year.
Introduction This study was a prospective cohort design and compared
Tobacco use is a leading cause of preventable deaths all between patients who ceased smoking, continued not to
over the world. In view of mortality and morbidity burden smoke at 1 year and patients who continued smoking. The
due to tobacco use, it has become imperative to take study conducted between year 2018 and 2019 by examined
urgent steps to curb the growing menace of tobacco. body weight, body mass index, waist circumference,
Tobacco cessation medications should be a regular part of capillary blood glucose, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, blood
healthcare delivery system for NCD patients. pressure, LDL-cholesterol and eGFR in 26 smokers.
Objectives Results
Comprehensive treatment plans for NCD patients including 25 smokers who completed data were enrolled in study
tobacco smoking cessation interventions are essential, as (mean age 57.88 yrs, smoke duration 26.60 yrs and amount
smoking after the diagnosis of a smoking-related NCD of cigarette 9.32 rolls). There are 7 patients who ceased
negatively impacts many aspects of treatment in this smoking and continued not to smoke at 1 year (mean age
patient population. The objective was to evaluate, through 57.43 yrs). 18 patients who continued smoking (mean age
a systematic review, smoking cessation interventions and 58.06 years). When compared mean of health outcomes
cessation rates in NCD patients, discuss the relationship change in 1 year between patients who ceased and
between tobacco cessation and improved outcomes during continued smoking, found that both groups increased in
the NCD treatment, about tobacco dependence evidence- body weight (0.84, 0.69 kg), body mass index (0.24, 0.21 kg/
based treatments, reimbursement for these treatments, m2), waist circumference (2.29, 0.78 cm.), LDL-cholesterol
and tobacco-related resources available for patients and (1.43, 6.61 mg/dL) and eGFR (6.43, 5.28 ml/min/1.73m2)
health care professionals. and decreased in systolic blood pressure (0.14, 2.50
Methods mmHg), diastolic blood pressure (1.86, 2.83 mmHg) and
Tobacco cessation clinic services are provided regularly HbA1c (0.79, 0.41%). For fasting blood sugar only increased
at different parts of the country. The clinic activities are: in current-smokers are 0.39 mg/dL. The capillary blood
1. registration and documentation of tobacco use profile glucose only decreased in current-smokers is 4.17 mg/
in detail, 2. group counselling, 3. individual counseling/ dL. Most of 7 patients who quit smoking had body weight
relatives counselling, 4. carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring, increased in 1 month. 5 patients decreased HbA1c 1 year
5. pharmacotherapy, 6. regular follow up with brief after quitting smoking and 2 patients increased (6.5 to 7.5
counselling at each visit, 7. telephone counselling for the and 7.0 to 7.1 %).
defaulter. The drugs used for tobacco cessation are chantix, Conclusion(s)
bupropion, habitrol, topomax, commit and nicorelief. Healthcare team should provide diabetes patients for
Results smoking cessation.
The results of tobacco cessation medications are increased Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A209
productivity, improved attention and focus, improve quality DOI: 10.18332/tid/141418
of life, and 20 minutes after a person quits smoking, he or
she may experience a decrease in blood pressure. After Comparative study of 1- year health outcome
two days the person’s sense of smell and taste begins to related smoking among diabetes patients in
improve, and by nine months, breath shortness, fatigue primary care, Bangkok, Thailand
and coughing by smoking may lessen. Suthee Saritsiri1
Conclusion(s) 1
Bangkok Metropolian Administration, Bangkok, Thailand
Smoking cessation for NCD patients remain investigating [email protected]
the efficacy of tobacco cessation among this population. Introduction
However, data suggest that quitting tobacco after the Diabetes who smoke may have poor health outcome more
diagnosis of NCD improves survival and quality of life likely than nonsmokers.
Although effective tobacco dependence treatments are Objectives
available to help smokers quit smoking. To compare of a 1-year health outcome related smoking
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A208 among diabetes patients.
This retrospective study was done by reviewing medical
93
records among registered diabetes patients in year 2018 smokers. The level from the implant circumference to the
which classified in 3 groups related smoking; non-smoker, crestal bone level was determined and recorded on the
ex-smoker and current smoker. This study conducted at x-ray, and the diameter of the same implant was measured
the 67th Public Health Center, Department of Health, in vectoral way italic a computer program.
Bangkok, Thailand. Results
Results In the follow-up performed at begining and 36th months
The total T2DM patients were 442 cases and received according to the time period, the marginal bone loss in
diabetes care were included in the study, but 24 patients the distal region was statistically higher (p <0.05). In the
were discarded because of incomplete data on key variables follow-up performed at 36th months according to age
including results of blood chemistry. The total number of range, there was no statistically significant difference in
valid patients for the final analysis was 418 subjects were smokers averages and marginal bone loss compared to
enrolled in the study classified to 360 non-smokers (mean non-smokers (p> 0.05).
age 62.99 years), 32 ex-smokers (mean age 61.09 years) and Conclusion(s)
26 current-smokers (mean age 59.85 years). Total mean Within the restrictive limits of this study, it can be concluded
age was 62.65+10.06 years. To compare between 2017 and that bone loss occurred around the implant is more at
2018, the study found that all groups increased mean in body smokers and this situation creates a risk for implant lost
mass index (0.13 kg/m2), waist circumference (1.42 cm), Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A211
diastolic blood pressure (0.24 mmHg), Hemoglobin (0.11 g/ DOI: 10.18332/tid/141420
dL), Total cholesterol (2.54 mg/dL), HDL cholesterol (0.92
mg/dL), Uric acid (0.09 mg/dL), eGFR (1.57 ml/min/1.73m2) Assessment of oral health status and nicotine
and decreased HbA1C (0.24 %) in 1 year. Total mean of dependency among different types of tobacco
systolic blood pressure decreased 0.97mmHg except ex- abusers: A cross sectional study
smokers, Creatinine decreased 0.02 mg/dL except current- Gayathry S. Menon1, Vijaya Hegde1
smokers. Total mean increased 0.73 mg/dL in fasting blood 1
A. J Institute of Dental Sciences, India, Mangalore, India
sugar, 1.66 mg/dL in Triglyceride except ex-smokers and [email protected]
LDL cholesterol increased 0.31 mg/dl except non-smokers. Introduction
In non-smokers, there were significant differences (p <0.05) There is a growing recognition that even though effective
increased in waist circumference, eGFR and decreased tobacco control interventions are available they are
in HbA1C and Creatinine. In ex-smokers, there were under utilised in developing countries like India. With
significant differences increased in waist circumference, 41% population in southern India living in urban areas ,
Hemoglobin and HDL cholesterol. In current-smoker, there upto a fifth of them use tobacco in some form. However,
were significant differences increased in Uric acid and the effect of tobacco use on oral health and the tobacco
decreased in HbA1C. dependency is less known.this study aims to assess the
Conclusion(s) oral health status among different tobacco users and their
This study found that in non-smoker diabetes patients was dependency to tobacco.
HbA1c lower than other groups. Objectives
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A210 This study aims to assess the oral health status among
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141419 different tobacco users and their dependency to tobacco.
Methods
How does smoking affect dental implants? A cross sectional study was conducted among 122 tobacco
Emre Mumcu1 abusers visiting a tertiary care hospital in South India.
1
Faculty of Dentisty, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, The study participants were categorised as follows: Group
Turkey A: Subjects using smoked form of tobacco and Group
[email protected] B: Subjects using smokeless form of tobacco. Clinical
Introduction examination of dentition status, periodontal status and
Smoking affects bone nutrition and gum health by oral mucosal lesions were done based on WHO Oral
disrupting blood supply. Many studies have shown that Health Survey Proforma (2013). Nicotine dependency was
smoking is associated with periodontal disease, a condition assessed using Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence.
that causes gums to recede. Results
Objectives The mean caries experience was 4.46±6.134 and 2.89±3.178
Dental implants which provide an effective treatment for smoked and smokeless forms of tobacco abusers
opportunity to replace the teeth lost in the mouth, have respectively. Prevalence of bleeding and periodontal
been successful for many years. Risk factors for dental pocket was significantly higher among smokeless tobacco
implant failure include periodontitis, dental plaque, poor users with the prevalence of 39.7% and 30.5% respectively.
oral hygiene, smoking, alcohol consumption and systemic 42.4% of the smokers had smoker’s palate and 27% of
diseases. Nicotine is the main chemical component that is smokeless tobacco users had tobacco pouch keratosis.
thought to mediate the hemodynamic effects of smoking and 22% and 28.6% of smoked and smokeless tobacco abusers
plays a role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Studies had significant dependence to tobacco.
have shown many harmful effects of smoking on oral health. Conclusion(s)
Methods The results of the study showed detrimental effects in
Patients who treated between January 2015 January 2020 the oral cavity. Significant nicotine dependency was seen
at Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Dentristry irrespective of the tobacco form used. Directing our focus
and completed 3 years with that prosthesis were included on the psychology of nicotine dependence would enable us
in the study. 211 implants were applied to 94 patients were in providing efficient tobacco cessation counselling.
selected. The ages of the patients vary between 28 and 58, Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A212
(37 ± 4.1). Of the patients (44 men and 50 women) who were DOI: 10.18332/tid/141421
included in the study, 62 were non-smokers and 32 were
94
Developing a two-way short message service affecting patients’ motivation to quit.

(2-way SMS) to quit Objectives
Jintana Yunibhand1, Suwimon Rojnawee2, Orrawan Khongtor3 To examine factors related to smoking cessation behavior
1
Thailand National Quitline, Bangkok, Thailand, 2Faculty among patients attending the smoking cessation clinic,
of Nursing, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Raman Hospital, Yala Province, Thailand.
3
Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Royal Methods
Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok, Thailand
A Cross-Sectional study was performed by interviewing
[email protected]
226 patients who finished the 6-month follow-up at the
Introduction
smoking cessation clinic. Seven aspects were interviewed
Thailand National Quitline (TNQ) has provided reactive and
include physical factors, behavioral factors, environmental
proactive tobacco cessation counseling for Thai smokers
factors, psychological factors, cognitive factors, obstacles
since 2009. The TNQ service has been continuously developed
on accessibility to smoking cessation services and social
from traditional telephone counseling to cessation service.
context. Data were analyzed by comparing people who
Interventions delivered via text messaging (short message
successfully quit with others.
service, SMS) increase access to educational and support
Results
services that promote smoking cessation across diverse
Majorities of the sample were males, self-employed and
populations. In 2019, TNQ begin developing a 2-way Short
married. Sample earned income more than 5000 baht per
Message Service (2-Way SMS) to Quit. The 2-way SMS is
month has a higher probability of quit smoking than those
an interactive mobile text messaging service designed to
with lower income. The causes of failure to quit smoking
motivate smokers to quit.
were curiosity and imitation. It was also found that their
Objectives
chronic disease has a significant relationship with smoking
The purpose of this study was to develop a 2-way SMS to
cessation behavior too. In addition, people who socialize
Quit for smokers calling TNQ, and protocol for sending
weekly with smoking friends tended to quit smoking more
2-way SMS.
than those staying with smoking individual(s). And the
Methods
places with house or office smoking prohibited had a
This study was designed to develop and provide initial
significant relationship with smoking cessation In addition,
testing of the 2-way SMS protocol. The 28 experts who
people who socializes with smoking friends once a week
expertise in counseling/smoking cessation services and
will have the tendency to quit smoking more than who stay
3 current smokers were recruited to validate the text and
with smoking person. In the same way, wherever has the
protocol.
rules of smoking in the home or office, there is a significant
Results
relationship with smoking cessation.
The messages that the researchers developed were derived
Conclusion(s)
from literature review, interview smokers, and experts,
Behavioral factors, environmental factors, and social
which consisted of 49 messages and 2 components, i.e. 1)
context affect the success of quit smoking. The smoking
messages for advice and encouragement to quit smoking
cessation guidelines should be reviewed to help people
in which the smoker can interact with the service provider
by applying the mentioned factors such as modifying
(admin), and the service provider will send messages
family activities, promoting smoke-free in the workplace
for 21 consecutive days with a total of 37 messages (34
or community, standardizing the smoking cessation
messages for quitting smoking and 3 messages for
clinic, expanding accessibility to the clinic, and increasing
clients respond to TNQ) and 2) relapse prevention SMS
motivation with economic incentives after quitting.
is a message of advice and encouragement to prevent a
repeat smoking. Service providers will send messages
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141423
after the smoker receive 2-way SMS monthly for 6 months,
consisting of 12 messages (11 messages for suggestions
and encouragement, and 1 message for clients respond The effectiveness of the 5As Smoking Cessation
to TNQ). Model to the amphetamine users who smoking
Conclusion(s) in the Psychosocial Clinic at Sunpasitthiprasong
Although the 2-way SMS to Quit system has been developed, Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand 2017
the initial testing should be explored. Ratchanee Veerasuksawad1, Wantanee Thongnun1
1
Sunpasithiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
[email protected]
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141422
Introduction
At Psychosocial Clinic found that 95 percent of amphetamine
Factors related to smoking cessation behavior
users had smoking behaviors.
among smokers attending Raman Hospital’s Objectives
smoking cessation clinic Was for amphetamines users who smoke to quit smoking
Phuangprapha Phetmee1, Muhammadfahmee Talek2, Teerohah
by participating in programs that will strengthen their
Donroman3, Rassamee Sangthong4
1
Smoking Cessation Clinic, Raman Hospital, Yala Province,
motivation to quit. 45 people voluntarily participated in the
Thailand, 2Faculty of Nursing, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani program, duration 1 Oct 2016 - 30 Sep 2017.
Province, Thailand, 3The Institute of Research and Development Methods
for Health of Southern Thailand, Songkla Province, Thailand, This study is by PDCA principles. Plan: For the drug
4
Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla treatment program we found there was no cigarette therapy
University, Songkla Province, Thailand program, therefore we started using the cigarette therapy
[email protected] program to build motivation to quit smoking, which has 2
Introduction phases (Tool:1. Applied Motivation Interviewing Program
Although the number of people attended the smoking for smoking cessation 2. Fargerstrom Test for nicotine
cessation clinic was increasing, only 20 to 38 percent of dependence 3.Assessment form. Data were analyzed
them could quit. So the method is to find the other factors
95
by using percentage, mean and content analysis.). Do: in CVD mortality, including heart disease and stroke. Life
Implement Phase 1 group therapy 4 sessions, 45-60 span shortened doubled from 5 -6 years of smokers to
minutes each time, 1 time per week, the 1st session: Assess 10 years of hypertensive smokers. Unfortunately, most
nicotine addiction. Analyze readiness to quit smoking and smokers were unaware of their hypertension status that
create incentives. Session 2 increase motivation by offering could triple or quintuple CVD risks.
an option to quit in those who decided to stop. Session 3-4 Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A216
currently acting to quit smoking and for those who quit DOI: 10.18332/tid/141425
smoking. Phase 2 follow up 4 times within 6 months.
Results Comparison of the distribution and harms of
There were 19 people who quit smoking, and the another Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
26 people who reduced to 5-10 cigarettes/day. Those who between smokers and nonsmokers
didn’t quit we found to be because they were addicted to Chi Pang Wen1, June Han Lee1, Chin-Chung Shu2, Ta-Chen Su2
high levels of nicotine, high craving and withdrawal, and 1
Institute of Population Health Science, National Health Research
had stimulants such as drinking, having smoking friends, Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, 2Department of Traumatology, National
using amphetamines, therefore we increased relapse Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
prevention skills by individual counseling and considering [email protected]
medication to help quit smoking. ACT: Introduced a revised Introduction
program to continue in the group therapy. COPD is linked with smoking, a habit mainly seen in Asian
Conclusion(s) men. In Asian countries, a large number of nonsmoking
The results of the study were that 42.2% quit smoking, COPD existed among women, most likely from secondhand
57.8% reduced smoking. The program was able to help smoking.
people with mild to moderate nicotine addiction to have Objectives
motivation to quit. The people who couldn’t quit were To compare the harm of COPD between smokers and
addicted to high level of nicotine addiction. nonsmokers.
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A215 Methods
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141424 A cohort of 483603 adults in Taiwan went through health
surveillance program between 1994 and 2008, with health
The cardiovascular disease risk of hypertensive data collected including spirometry and medical and
lifestyle history. A total of 32535 COPD, 6.7% of the cohort,
smokers
Chi Pang Wen1, Po Jung Lu1, Wayne Gao2, June Han Lee1 was defined by GOLD guideline with forced expiratory
1
Institute of Population Health Science, National Health Research volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC)
Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, 2College of Public Health, Taipei ratio
Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan Results
[email protected] There were twice as many nonsmoking COPD (10,112) as
Introduction smoking COPD (4,654). The distribution by the 4 stages of
Nearly half of the smokers belonged to the new COPD was also similar. Two thirds of nonsmoking COPD
hypertension group, according to the 2017 guideline. came from women with secondhand smoking exposure.
Objectives Adjusted HRs were similar between smoking COPD and
The objectives of this study is to assess their excess risk nonsmoking COPD when they were compared with their
and shortened life expectancy for 1) elevated(120-129/<80) own group. HRs for smoking COPD and nonsmoking COPD
2) stage 1 (130-139/80-89) and 3) stage 2 (≥140/ ≥90) were 1.47 and 1.53 for all-cause mortality, 1.53 and 1.65
hypertension when compared to <120/80 mmHg. for expanded CVD, 1.10 and 1.33 for cancer, and 13.08 and
Methods 15.8 for COPD.
A cohort, consisting of 422771 adults, was recruited Conclusion(s)
successively during health surveillance between 1996 and There were twice as many nonsmoking COPD than
2008. Data from questionnaire, and results from fasting smoking COPD. Most of nonsmoking COPD were women
blood and other screening tests, including blood pressure with secondhand smoking. The harm of nonsmoking COPD
measurement in sitting position, were collected. Hazard within nonsmokers was similar to that of smoking COPD
ratios (HR) came from Cox model and life expectancy from within smokers. Reduction of second hand smoke was just
life table method. as important as in reduction of first hand smoke.
Nearly half of smokers (48%) fit the new definition of DOI: 10.18332/tid/141426
hypertension, with 14% elevated, 19% stage 1 and 16%
stage 2, while one quarter were current smokers. HR for Inactive smokers with prolonged sitting: Life
CVD mortality increased from 1.41 for smokers to 1.45 expectancy shortened by 15 years
for elevated smoker, 2.11 for stage 1 smokers and 4.92 Chi Pang Wen1, Po Jung Lu1, Wayne Gao2, June Han Lee1
for stage 2 smokers, up to 3 fold increase. HR for heart 1
Institute of Population Health Science, National Health Research
disease mortality increased from 1.43 for smokers to 1.85 Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan, 2College of Public Health, Taipei
for Stage 1 smokers and 3.56 for stage 2 smokers, and Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
for stroke mortality HR increased from 1.54 to 2.98 for [email protected]
stage 1 smokers and 8.82 for stage 2 smokers, up to 5-fold Introduction
increase. Life span was shortened by 6 years for smokers Prolonged sitters are not necessarily inactive. Smokers
and 4 years for stage 2 hypertension, and when combined, could be either physically inactive or found to be prolonged
10 years loss of life. Elevated hypertension did not increase sitters. These behaviors added extra risk to them.
mortality, when compared with normal subjects. Objectives
Conclusion(s) The objective of this study is to quantify the excess mortality
Smokers with hypertension could have 3-5 times increase risks and shortened life span among those either with
96
inactivity or with prolonged sitting or both. know?”-posts on the dangers of smokeless tobacco, and
Methods celebrity and social influencer video endorsements.
A cohort, consisting of 422771 adults, was recruited Results
successively during health surveillance between 1996 #Stop-BetelMyanmar scored an average engagement of
and 2008. Data from questionnaire, and results from 11.38%. This is far above the Facebook average of 0.16%
fasting blood, urinalysis and other screening tests were (across all sectors and including commercial messaging)
collected. Hazard ratios (HR) came from Cox model and and also outscored the non-profit FB average engagement
life expectancy from life table method. rate of 0.17% (Source: Rival IQ).
One half of the cohort were either physically inactive Adding social media to the 2018 campaign impacted
(52%) or prolonged sitters (56%) with one third of current positively on exposure and recall. With a total of 1,1
smokers (23.2%). HR for all-cause mortality for smoking, million video views and a total reach of 5,1 million the
1.51, for inactive, 1.55, for sitters, 1.23 but 1.78 for smoking #StopBetelMyanmar Facebook platform managed to
sitters, 2.29 for inactive smoker and 2.76 for inactive present a sizeable Myanmar, pre-dominantly male
smoking sitters. Life span shortened 6 years for smokers, audience in the 15 to 35 year age bracket with campaign
5 years for the inactive, 2 years for prolonged sitters, 8 messaging. Reach, post, likes and page likes directly
years for inactive sitters, 9 years for inactive smokers, 7 contributed to 89% recall of the campaign ads in urban
years for sitting smokers, and 15 years for smokers with areas.
both inactivity and prolonged sitting. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A219
Inactive smokers, with prolonged sitting, could double
the life years loss of smokers by losing as many as 15 Results of Myanmar’s 2018 second smokeless
years, in contrast to average loss of 6 years for smokers. tobacco mass media campaign “avoid betel
That inactive sitters doubled the risk of smokers could be chewing so you don’t regret your life choices”
used to motivate either smoking cessation or encouraging Ilona Van De Braak1, Ashish Gupta2, Than Sein3, Kyaw Kaung4,
physical activity. Mya Nwe4, Nandita Murukutla1, Tom Carroll5, Thein Shwe3
Vital Strategies, New York, United States, 2Vital Strategies,
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141427 Haryana, India, 3People's Health Foundation, Yangon, Myanmar,
4
Ministry of Health and Sports, Naypyidaw, Myanmar, 5Vital
Strategies, Sydney, Australia
[email protected]
Campaigns, Media & Youth in the Introduction
Transforming World In Myanmar, 18% of women and 59% of men age 15-49
chew tobacco. Its related death toll is higher than in other
Myanmar’s first integrated social media low-income countries.
campaign engaging millions of people in raising Objectives
awareness on health risks of smokeless tobacco The People’s Health Foundation Myanmar and Vital
use Strategies, a global public health organization, in close
Ilona Van De Braak1, Than Sein2, Thein Swe2, Kyaw Kaung3, Mya cooperation with the Ministry of Health and Sports,
Nwe3, Sandra Mullin1, Tom Carroll4, Hans Hulst5 designed and implemented a mass media campaign
1
Vital Strategies, New York, United States, 2People’s Health consisting of 3 PSAs to discourage smokeless tobacco
Foundation, Yangon, Myanmar, 3Ministry of Health and Sports, use in Myanmar. A post campaign evaluation survey was
Naypyidaw, Myanmar, 4Vital Strategies, Sydney, Australia, 5Young
undertaken in 2018 to measure the campaign effectiveness
Guns Media, Yangon, Myanmar
[email protected] in terms of increase in knowledge, attitudes, behavior and
Introduction social norms about smokeless tobacco.
In Myanmar, 18% of women and 59% of men age 15-49 Methods
use smokeless tobacco. Its related death toll is higher Using multistage stratified probability sampling, 2,624
than in other low-income countries. Recognizing the need, households were randomly contacted across six townships
the Ministry of Health and Sports (MoHS) supported the in Myanmar, out of which 678 respondents were found
development and implementation of national social media eligible (18-55 years) and consented for face-to-face
campaign to address this significant health burden. interviews of approximately 45 minutes. The majority
Objectives emerged as men (71%) and those from rural areas (67%).
In November 2018, the second national mass media A large proportion (88%) were found as daily smokeless
campaign on Smokeless tobacco included an online tobacco users.
component to reach out to the 18 million Facebook users Results
in Myanmar in the 15 to 35 age-bracket of which 11 million Overall, 81% recalled any of the public service
are male. The aim of the social media campaign was to announcements (PSAs), either on TV, social media or
make the primary audience aware of the hazards of betel radio when prompted. This proportion was higher in
chewing and, ultimately, to change behaviour. Female urban areas (89%). Around 70% correctly remembered
friends and family members, who are in the position to the campaign’s message. The most impacted people were
influence their male friends/family members were chosen smokeless tobacco users, those who live in urban areas,
as a secondary audience. men, and those in middle and older age groups. The PSAs
Methods were effective in terms of their capacity to raise awareness
The hashtag #StopBetelMyanmar was chosen to organise about harms of smokeless tobacco. Nine out of 10, who
the online campaign content. Between 7 October and 22 recalled the campaign, reported that the ads made them
November 2018 a steady stream of posts were posted, stop and think (86-93%). Similarly, 97% reported that ads
including the campaign TV ads, a series of “Did you were easy to understand; and 92% said that ads made
97
them feel concerned about the effect of smokeless tobacco 14 February 2019 was observed to be in violation of the
use on their health. law. The central character of the movie was very visibly
Conclusion(s) and frequently smoking and the promotional posters for
As proven in Myanmar, adopting an evidence-based the movie displayed smoking scenes, both of which were
approach is critical to maximizing effectiveness of tobacco in violation of TC law.
control mass media campaigns. Objectives
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A220 To protest against the violation of TC law in the publicly-
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140917 funded movie “Devi”and to ensure compliance with the
law.
Japan Tobacco’s corporate social responsibility Methods
activities Under the umbrella campaign both online and offline
Christopher Rathbone1 events were organized. Different content against the movie
1
Temple University, Tokyo, Japan were posted in social media. TC activists and civil society
[email protected] were mobilized through telephone calls, and sent emails.
Introduction TC activists, organizations and civil society organized
Japan Tobacco (JT) is the third largest tobacco multinational human chains, rallies, and petitions across the country
company in the world with key brands of Winston’s, Camel’s, including in the premises of the national press club, TV
Benson & Hedges and Mevius (Mild Seven). JT conducts channels in violation and the censor board. Memoranda
numerous corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities were given to the minister of health and information and
including sponsoring sports tournaments, games and deputy commissioners at district levels. A legal notice
cultural activities. The Tobacco and Salt Museum is part was sent to the producer of the movie, sensor board and
owned by the government. JT uses the guise of support information ministry.
for human rights to target vulnerable groups. Recently, Results
JT has created a strong presence in the LGBT community The authorities of the cinema halls removed the illegally
by supporting LGBT groups and having booths at pride displayed posters complying with the law. The producer
parades and visiting LGBT bars and distributing its heated of the movie submitted a corrected version to the censor
tobacco products samples at such booths and bars. JT board complying with the TC law and TV channels aired
conducts many of its CSR through its front group, Green the corrected version. Importantly, the Censor Board
Bird. Initially, Green Bird conducted trash clean-up replied to the legal notice stating that from now on the
activities in Japan and then in several other countries with Censor Board would comply with the TC law while issuing
many members in Europe. Now, JT is also using Green clearance certificates.
Bird to reach into areas that would be off limits to a tobacco Conclusion(s)
company. These areas include charity races, building The campaign was a combined effort by all TC activists
parks, volunteer activities for children, and renewable applying multi-dimensional approaches. It was an effective
energy. From 2018, Japan Tobacco launched Subaco. This campaign for immediate policy response.
group operates under Green Bird and is aimed at youth Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A222
with activities for culture, human rights and environment. DOI: 10.18332/tid/140921
Objectives
Outlining the above CSR activities so as to have public Identifying effective community-targeted
criticism of such activities particularly as violations of messages to build support for tobacco
Article 13 of Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
tax measures: Formative research to test
and to avoid conflicts in supporting tobacco industry
sponsored activities.
communication messages in Vietnam
Tom Carroll1, Nalin Negi2, Phan Hai3, Nguyen Huong3, Do Thi
Methods Phi4, Christina Curell5
Reviewing the websites and other materials of JT and its 1
Vital Strategies, Sydney, Australia, 2Vital Strategies, Delhi, India,
front groups and allies to analyze the scope of JT’s CSR 3
Vietnam Tobacco Control Fund, Hanoi, Vietnam, 4Vital Strategies,
activities. Hanoi, Vietnam, 5Vital Strategies, New York, United States
Results [email protected]
JT is involved in wide ranging CSR. Introduction
Conslucion(s) The Global Adult Tobacco Survey conducted in Vietnam in
JT is conducting various CSR activities to promote its goals 2015 showed 45.3 percent of men and 1.1 percent of women,
and improve its image and increasingly to mold young currently smoke tobacco. Price for buying cigarettes in
people to be its allies in government and NPOs. Vietnam is very low, yet substantial evidence indicates
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A221 that increasing taxes on cigarettes is an effective means of
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140919 reducing uptake of smoking and prompting quitting.
Objectives
Campaign for demanding action against A study was undertaken in February 2018 by Vital Strategies
government funded movie for violating TC law in partnership with the Vietnam Tobacco Control Fund to
Mohammad Rahman1, Sarker Sharif1, Md. Shariful Alam1 identify effective public education messages about benefits
1
Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids, Dhaka, Bangladesh of increasing tobacco taxes and cigarette prices. Funded by
Introduction Bloomberg Philanthropies, the study was designed to guide
Bangladesh enacted a Tobacco Control (TC) law and banned development of new videos for television broadcast and
all types of tobacco advertisement and smoking scenes dissemination through social media and digital channels
in movies and television dramas. But a government- to build support for increasing tobacco taxes.
funded movie, ‘Devi’ which was produced based on a very Methods
famous novel and released in cinema halls in October Six messages were developed to reflect different reasons
2018, and premier on a private television channel on 13- why people may support increased tax measures. Twelve
98
focus groups of 18-25 and 26-35 year-old smokers and non- Pacific region. Key experiences:
smokers were conducted using a quantitative/qualitative • Looking for and identify appropriate victims through
methodology of individual ratings and group discussions to partners like CDC, hospital, doctors, etc.
explore responses to these messages. Ratings and group • Pre-testing campaign materials to ensure effectiveness
discussions were analyzed to understand which messages of PSAs in communicating with target audiences;
were perceived as most personally relevant and effective in • Implementing strategic media planning: integrating
generating support for increasing tobacco taxes. traditional mass media, earned media, new media and
Results social media with community resources;
The most highly rated messages among non-smoker • Balancing media censorship and hard-hitting public
and smoker participants were those related to harms service advertisements (PSAs).
of second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure, including a Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A224
testimonial story of a non-smoker with lung cancer, and DOI: 10.18332/tid/140928
to reducing the health burden associated with smoking
and harm to smokers and their families. A message about Tobacco legislation perception and barriers: A
protecting youth from starting to smoke was also rated qualitative insight towards tobacco free schools
reasonably high by smokers but to a lesser extent than in Delhi, India
health burden and SHS harm. Swati Jain1, Vikrant Mohanty2, Shekhar Grover1
Conclusion(s) 1
National Health Mission, Maulana Azad Institute Of Dental
Messages about harms from SHS exposure and about Sciences, New Delhi, India, 2Maulana Azad Institute Of Dental
burden of health harms, particularly emphasizing Sciences, New Delhi, India
personal stories and impact on families, have potential [email protected]
to build support amongst smokers and non-smokers for Introduction
increasing taxes to reduce tobacco smoking and SHS Soaring tobacco burden especially among youth is a major
exposure. public health concern in India. Mean age of initiation
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A223 of smoking is 18.7 years and prevalence of smoking in
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140922 school children is 6.1% (Global Youth tobacco survey
2009). Tobacco related perceptions play an important role
Experience of China first voice of victim not only in ensuring abstinence but also compliance and
implementation of legislation.
campaign
Yu Chen1 Objectives
1
Vital Strategies, Shanghai, China To provide a qualitative insight regarding tobacco legislation
[email protected] understanding and their implementation among school
Introduction students and teachers.
Vital Strategies has been supporting the government of Methods
China on national and subnational tobacco control mass Phenomenology type of qualitative research design
media campaigns since 2008, when the 29th Olympic Games was used among 144 subject of a Government School
were held in Beijing. From the first campaign of Smoke- of Delhi selected through convenience sampling. The
free Olympics, more than 40 Vital Strategies-supported study tool was a structured, pre-validated, open-ended,
evidence-based campaigns have been conducted to support self administered questionnaire, containing 3 sections:
passage or implementation of smoke-free policies and other a) knowledge of tobacco and tobacco laws in India,
MPOWER efforts. In collaboration with Tobacco Control b) perceived barriers and lacunae in implementation
Office of China CDC, China’s first-ever national “Voice of of these laws and c) their views regarding their role in
Tobacco Victims” mass media campaign was launched in implementing tobacco preventive strategies at school.
end 2018 and re-launched around WNTD 2019 through Summative content analysis was conducted. Frequency
China Central Television, provincial satellite TVs and social distribution of the observed keywords was then analyzed
media to support national tobacco control policies advocacy. using SPSS version 21.
Objectives Results
China first ever Voice of Victim campaign aimed to increase Ninety eight school students (mean age 15 + 3.02 years)
the public awareness on the harm of smoking, so as to and 46 school teachers participated in the study. Every
support the national government's effort on national participant felt that “tobacco is dangerous to health” and
smoke-free legislation. affects the “quality of life”. However, only 23.6% (N= 34) were
Methods completely aware about the existent tobacco legislations
The victim campaign was developed based on a rigorous in India. Almost three-fourth participants (N = 107) showed
scientific message testing to ensure the effectiveness their concern regarding the deficit in strict implementation
among the target audience. And the campaign used an of these laws. Regarding responses pertaining to perceived
integrated media strategy by combining mass media, barriers “lack of awareness (35.4%)” followed by “ignorant
earned media, social media, and new digital media. attitude towards tobacco impact on health and economics
Results (25%)” were the most cited reasons. Majority (96.5%) were
According to Nielsen’s data, the one-month China first Voice willing for active participation towards tobacco-free school
of Victim campaign reached around 600 million population campaigns after proper training.
through CCTV, supported by impressive social media effort. Conclusion(s)
Conclusion(s) The study highlighted the gap in awareness regarding tobacco
Experience from China First Voice of Victim Campaign control measures in spite of incessant efforts by Government.
could help the central and local governments in China The key for changing the current scenario remains active
develop strategic media communication to support participation by youth in policy making decisions.
smokefree and other tobacco control initiatives, as well as Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A225
providing a useful reference for other countries in the Asia DOI: 10.18332/tid/140934
99
“Fake smoking” among Chinese youth: A users in Sri Lanka. Tobacco usage is initiated primarily
no-man’s-land between “smoker” and “non- during adolescence as tobacco industry uses different
smoker”? tactics to make it more appealing to this age group.
Gareth Davey1, Xiang Zhao2 Objectives
1
College of Arts and Sciences, Webster University, Cha-am, Purpose of the study was to involve, engage and enable
Thailand, 2Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, China selected group of school adolescents to reduce attraction
[email protected] among students towards tobacco usage.
Our research shows that Chinese youth begin smoking Male and female students (n=571) between 13-18 years
by pretending to smoke among peers (not inhaling or was purposively selected from 05 schools in Anuradhapura
exhaling smoke from a lit cigarette; this process is termed district, Sri Lanka. The level of perceived attraction among
“fake smoking”), and then learn how to inhale and exhale students towards tobacco usage was measured as groups
cigarette smoke (“real smoking”). However, “fake smoking” on a scale of +10 (highly attractive) to -10 (least attractive)
has been neglected in research even though it could have before and after the intervention. This scale was developed
important implications for tobacco control. together with the students based on pre-determined
Objectives criteria. Intervention comprised with interactive group
To explore the meanings of “fake smoking” among young discussions on short and long term physical harms
people in China, and to identify strategies for tobacco due to tobacco usage and industrial strategies to make
control. tobacco products more appealing to adolescents. Group
Methods discussions were facilitated by trained health promotion
Twenty-four Chinese late adolescent smokers (ages facilitators using videos, posters, photographs, success
18–19) were interviewed in Kunming, Southwest China, stories. Students developed plans to reduce attractiveness
to understand the meanings and identities that were of tobacco usage inside and outside of schools. One month
associated with smoking. The qualitative data were was given to implement their plans and to report the
analysed with inductive thematic analysis. progress.
Results Results
“Fake smoking” incentivised beginner smokers to perceive Attraction towards tobacco usage was reduced averagely
benefits of smoking (e.g., coolness, social interaction with from +5.5 to -3 as a group, while 21% (n=119) of students
smoker peers) while avoiding its pernicious effects (e.g., themselves had taken actions to address the issue. Those
addiction, ill-health, physical discomfort of cigarettes). actions included conducting informal discussions about
Disapproval of “fake smoking” by smoker peers, based on short and long term harms of tobacco usage with their
a hierarchy of smoking technique (wherein fakers had the school friends (n=80), mocking smoking as a stupid
lowest status and were not regarded as “true smokers”, behavior (n=58), sharing Facebook posts and videos to
and “real smoking” was a means to judge smoking as reduce attraction towards tobacco usage (n=10) and
authentic), encouraged newcomers to learn how to inhale hanging posters, distributing hand-made leaflets by
and exhale cigarette smoke. “Real smoking” epitomised students on harms of tobacco inside schools and near
an identity change from “non-smoker” to “smoker”, shops (n=17).
and permitted admittance into peer smoker groups. Conclusion(s)
The transition from “fake smoking” to “real smoking” School adolescents can be empowered to play an active
also involved reinterpreting the meanings of smoking, role for reducing attractiveness towards tobacco usage
addiction, increased cigarette consumption, regret about through giving them ownership to carry out actions by
smoking, and learning appropriate social smoking-related themselves.
behaviors in smoking scenarios. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A227
Fake smoking seems to be a no-man’s-land in-between
the opposing identities of “smoker” and “non-smoker”, Jakarta millennials’ perception on smoking
an unexplored terrain in tobacco research. Yet it is critical cigarette
in smoking initiation and smoker identity formation, and Ida Kusumaningtyas1
should be considered in tobacco control for adolescent 1
Al Azhar Indonesia University, Jakarta, Republic of Indonesia
populations. [email protected]
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140941 The prevalence of young people who smoke cigarette in
Indonesia continues to grow with the age of new smokers
Involving, engaging and enabling selected group are getting younger.
of school adolescents to take the leadership in Objectives
reducing the attraction towards tobacco usage This study aims to determine perceptions of millennials in
among students Jakarta on smoking cigarettes and factors that influence
Sonali Gunasekara1, Anushka Wanninayake1, Hansamali them to smoke.
Wickramasooriya1, Salika Ruwanmali Karunarathne1, Nadeeka Methods
Rathnayake1, Nalika Gunawardena2, Najith Duminda Guruge1 This is a descriptive analytical study with quantitative
1
Health Promotion Division, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Rajarata approach using a self-assessment questionnaire. The total
University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka, 2World Health respondents were 670 students of High School 109 Jakarta
Organization, Regional Office for South-East Asia, Colombo, who presented at the school during data collection.
Sri Lanka
Results
[email protected]
A total of 35 students, including one female student were
Introduction
smoking cigarette every day. More than 30% of them has
Nearly 3.7% adolescents in the age of 13-15 are tobacco
started smoking since they were 14 years old. One student
100
started smoking at the age of 8. Peer pressures and role students [OR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.69, 1.00, I2 = 0].
models have caused more than half of the Millennials Conclusion(s)
smoking cigarette. The majority of them buying cigarettes The university student is a group of population who
per stick but some by collected money. Small stores and need a special intervention for tobacco cessation. Quit
street vendors are the most popular spots to buy cigarettes. and win contest, originated in USA, offered a large grand
The majority of students exposed cigarette advertisements prize to abstain from tobacco smoking which might not
on TV. Some 60% of them became passive smokers at be appropriate in Thai context. Thus, the application of
home. More than 90% of them supported the increasing combined interventions may effectively change and
price of cigarette up to Rp50000- (US$3.6) per pack. Most sustain university student tobacco consumption behaviour
of the smoking students would like to stop smoking if the in a longer term.
price increase. Funding
Conclusion(s) This research was supported by Thai health professional
This study proposes adults for not smoking near children alliance against tobacco.
and millennials. Schools as non-smoking areas should Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A229
be applied with strong law enforcement. The sale of DOI: 10.18332/tid/140952
cigarettes must be limited to 18+ and impose sanctions
for violation. Total ban on advertisements, promotions and Using health promotion approach for increasing
sponsorship along with increasing price of cigarettes as knowledge on harms of tobacco smoking and
high as possible is a must. Immediate FCTC accession to deciding actions to reduce tobacco smoking
protect children from the effects of cigarette consumption
among undergraduates in Rajarata University of
and exposure to cigarette smoke is a mandatory.
Sri Lanka
Walagedara Gamage Nadeesha Sewwandi1, Dilini Ranasinge1,
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140947 Asinsala Madhumali Wijerathne1, Nimesha Dulanjalee
Karunarathne1, Nadeeka Rathnayake1, Subhani Perera1,
The effectiveness of university-based tobacco Galmangodage Najith Duminda Guruge1
cessation program on tobacco consumption Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Applied Sciences,
1
Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka

behavior of university students: A systematic [email protected]
review and meta-analysis Introduction
Kanyaphat Setchoduk1, Punyarat Lapvongwatana2, Nutkamol
In Sri Lanka evidence shows the mean age of initiation of
Chansatitporn2
1
Faculty of Nursing Science, Assumption University, Bangkok, smoking as 20.5 years and taking actions to reduce the
Thailand, 2Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand burden of smoking among adults is essential.
Introduction To improve knowledge about harms of tobacco smoking
The overall trend of Thai national tobacco smoking has and empower undergraduates to decide actions to reduce
steadily declined in the past decade except among youths tobacco smoking using health promotion approach in
aged between 19 – 24 years old. The implementation of a Rajarata University of Sri Lanka (RUSL).
suitable program for university students is an essential Methods
strategy to enhance the success rate of smoking cessation. A program was conducted with first year undergraduates
Objectives (n=135, 80 girls and 55 boys) in Faculty of Applied Sciences,
To explore the effectiveness of university-based tobacco RUSL. A team of health promotion undergraduates in RUSL
cessation program on tobacco consumption behavior of facilitated the whole program. Participants were divided
university students. into groups according to their preferences. Focus group
Methods discussions were conducted to enable undergraduates
The searching of 236 studies found in both published to identify tobacco consumption as a problem. Further
and unpublished sources from 2009 until present. After discussions were taken to improve knowledge about short
screening for eligibility and quality of the studies with and, long term harms and about, second and thirdhand
PICO and two independent reviewers, 13 studies met smoking. Success stories, a health promotion innovative
the inclusion criteria. The Population (P) was university/ tool called ‘Mirror tool’ which enables students to identify
college students, Intervention (I) comprised of the their own face as a smoker or non- smoker using a mirror,
tobacco cessation program conducted as setting-based were used to facilitate discussions. Participants suggested
at university/college, Comparison (C) was usual care or some actions to address this issue. Data were collected by
control group and Outcomes (O) consisted of the change facilitators through focus group discussions and analyzed
in tobacco consumption behaviour measured by self- pre and post data using thematic analysis and descriptive
report of abstinence, intention to treat, quit attempt, and statistics.
biochemical verification of abstinence. Results
Results Participants’ knowledge about short term harms, long
The effective interventions to change the tobacco term harms and second and thirdhand smoking were
consumption behavior among university students improved by 70%, 20% and 75% from the current level
were quit and win contest, contingency management, respectively. They suggested to discuss about harms
Text-based smoking cessation intervention, self-help of smoking with others informally, aware about the
program, Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET), expenditure for cigarettes, and to display ‘mirror tool’ in
motivational interview, educational intervention, and hostel wash rooms.
mobile mindfulness-based approach. The meta-analysis Conclusion(s)
with limited studied (3 studies) revealed that the quit and Most of the youths have low knowledge about short term
win contest is the most effective program to abstain from harms, second hand and third hand smokers rather than
tobacco use verified by biochemical among university the knowledge of long term harms of smoking. Health
101
promotion is a novel concept to improve knowledge about and increasing prevalence of tobacco use towards end of
harms of smoking and it empowers youths to take actions twentieth century, the WHO came out with Global Youth
to reduce smoking. Tobacco Survey (GYTS) in 1999. The ultimate goal of GYTS
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A230 was to monitor extent and pattern of tobacco use among
DOI: 10.18332/tid/140954 youth age 13-15 years and thereby adding to the policy
planning towards elimination of tobacco menace. In India,
Purchase of cigarette, betel nuts and alcohol three rounds of GYTS conducted in 2003, 2006, and 2009
behaviors as the mediator between the effects provided estimates only at national level. Fourth round
of knowledge, attitudes, family communication currently under way and expected to complete by Marh,
2020 was the comprehensive one and designed to provide
patterns and parental substance use on the
the estimates at state level by urban/rural and sex. During
early adolescents’ use of substance in Taiwan past two decades, there have been many policy initiatives
Ying-Ying Tsai1, Tsung-Cheng Hsieh2, Ching-Yuan Chang3
1
Department of Communication Studies, Tzu Chi University, by Government of India using media for prevention of
Hualien, Taiwan, 2Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, tobacco initiation among youth.
Hualien, Taiwan, 3Graduate Institute of Education, Tzu Chi Objectives
University, Hualien, Taiwan To assess the extent of reach of media advertisements
[email protected] among youth and its role in prevention of tobacco initiation
Introduction in India.
Much less was known about early adolescents’ purchasing Methods
substance for parents and others and its association with Data collection was self-administered questionnaire
their substance use. based using multiple choice questions relating to tobacco
Objectives use among the students and also on the reach of different
This study aimed at examining the protective and risk media advertisements. Confidentiality and anonymity was
factors for adolescents’ substance use and identifying ensured. Appropriate bi-variate and multiple regression
if early adolescents’ purchase of substance for others methods will be applied to achieve objectives.
mediated the effects of knowledge, attitudes toward Results
substance use, family communication patterns and parent- Preliminary analysis of partial data has shown good reach
early adolescent use of alcohol, betel nuts and cigarettes. of at least one source and sharp decline in almost all forms
Methods of tobacco use among youth. However there was weak
The investigators performed a stratified and random association between the two indicating the role of socio,
sampling by interviewing 519 dyads of parents and early psychological and family background related variables.
adolescents by asking a self-reported questionnaire Conclusion(s)
from an eastern county in Taiwan. The total of 379 dyads Need of the hour was to enforce the anti – tobacco policies
was analyzed after excluding missing values and invalid in totality and more aggressively and also to focus on
answers. the role of other socio, psychological and family aspects
Results of youth population that may be contributing to tobacco
The evidences support that early adolescents purchasing initiation.
betel nuts for others mediated both effects of pro- Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A232
substance attitude (p< 0.001) and parents ever used betel DOI: 10.18332/tid/140960
nuts (p< 0.01) on the use of betel nuts. Similarly, early
adolescents’ ever bought alcohol for others significantly Intervention through Facebook for reducing
mediated the attitudes toward pro-substance on their the attractiveness of seasonal promotions
drinking alcohol (p< 0.01). Specially, the findings illustrate
of tobacco industry via Facebook: A study
that early adolescents have purchased cigarettes for
others significantly mediated the effect of parents’ betel
conducted with university students
Anushka Wanninayake1, Lalith Senarathna1, Duminda Guruge1
nut use (p< 0.01) on the early adolescents’ cigarette use. 1
Conclusion(s) Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
We concluded that early adolescents purchased substance [email protected]
for others rather than their parental substance use and Introduction
family communication patterns impacted on their attitudes Social media provides a wide platform to promote tobacco
and substance use in high risk communities. The findings products. Young people are more responsive to seasonal
could be considered for developing substance preventive promotions delivered through social media as they are
campaigns by targeting at early adolescents and their more active within social media networks. There are no
parents. studies implemented with the online community to reduce
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A231 the attractiveness of tobacco promotions.
The purpose of this study was to enable university students
Reach of media advertisements among youth in to identify determinants of tobacco promotions through
India and its role in preventing tobacco initiation Facebook and to reduce the attractiveness of seasonal
among them tobacco promotions via Facebook.
Murali Dhar1, Mayanka Ambade1 Methods
1
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India The sample comprised 97 students from the Faculty
[email protected] of Applied Sciences in the Rajarata University of Sri
Introduction Lanka. Participants were categorized and added to
Adolescent was gateway not only for many physiological, messenger groups based on academic year and gender.
psychological changes but also for substance abuse Online discussions were conducted with students. They
including the initiation of tobacco habits. In this view
102
were asked to observe their Facebook walls on tobacco Conclusion(s)

promotions. They were enabled to identify and prioritize Oral cacer self screening will become handy. The app will
determinants of tobacco promotions delivered through help the person to actively engage self as a stakeholder in
Facebook. Understanding on industrial influences of early diagnosis and development of referral chain.
tobacco promotions, the attractive image created for Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A234
tobacco use within Facebook and the short term, long DOI: 10.18332/tid/141082
term hams of tobacco use were improved among study
participants through online discussions. Lungs on the run: 50 million steps towards a
Results tobacco-free Indonesia
Participants identified determinants of the attractive Enrico Aditjondro1, Yosef Rabindanata1, Rachfiansyah
image created through tobacco promotions. The majority Rachfiansyah1, Dane Svenson1, Stephen Hamill1, Rebecca Perl1,
of participants (40%) identified "trend raised with tobacco Sandra Mullin1, Tracey Johnston1, Stevie Go2, Yomi Wardhana3
promotional posts which aim seasons such as Christmas,
1
Vital Strategies, New York, United States, 299 Virtual Race,
new year and valentine's day” as the most influential Jakarta, Indonesia, 3IndoRunners, Jakarta, Indonesia
[email protected]
determinant affect for tobacco promotions. Students
Introduction
identified seasonal promotional posts on tobacco and
According to the Tobacco Atlas, Indonesia has one of the
created against posts to reduce those tobacco promotions.
highest smoking rates in the world (57.1% men / 41% boys
Actively engaging with online discussions, participants
/ 3.5% women) and has been described as “Disneyland”
built 08 posts and one video which were capable of reducing
for big tobacco firms. There are limited tobacco control
the attractive image of tobacco promotion and shared on
policies in Indonesia.
their Facebook walls targeting seasons mentioned above.
Objectives
Conclusion(s)
To enforce the TAPS (advertising) ban and smoke-free
It is a successful approach to involve university students
regulation in 5 cities in Indonesia: Jakarta, Bogor, Bandung,
and give ownership by empowering them as an online
Surabaya, and Denpasar. To promote sports events free
community to identify determinants of tobacco promotions
from tobacco industry sponsorship.
and reduce the attractiveness of seasonal tobacco
Methods
promotions through Facebook.
Vital Strategies initiated the #LungsOnTheRun campaign
on World No Tobacco Day (WNTD) 2019. We managed the
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141074
virtual run event and collaborated with online platform “99
Virtual Race”. The event raised awareness about health
Artificial intelligence and digital technology: A harms of tobacco while encouraging physical fitness.
handy innovation for self screening to detects Participants signed up online, committing to run 50 km
oral potentially premalignant lesions and oral between May 1 and May 30 at organized events in the
cancer cities or at a time, pace and place convenient to them.
Surbhi Kapoor1, Vikrant Mohanty1, Aswini Yb1 Their cumulative run distance was tracked using their
1
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Maulana Azad Institute own phones over the 30 day period, through the “99 Virtual
of Dental Sciences MAMC Complex, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg,
Race” run tracking app. Our target was to reach a collective
New Delhi, India
[email protected] 20 million steps by all participants.
Oral cancer (OC) is a big public health problem. 84% The initiative engaged the IndoRunners community, which
oral cancers can be avoided by detecting potentially had never participated in any tobacco control initiative -
premalignant oral epithelial lesions (PPOELS). Self Mayors and department heads attended the public event in
screening may assist with early detection. An innovative five cities. - 1,000 runners reached a total of more than 50
approach of self examination by incooperating artificial million steps, 30 million over the target - On social media,
intelligence in the mobile based application for detection the campaign reached 3 million people - 63 earned media
of oral lesion was developed. hits with US$137768 PR value.
Objectives Conclusion(s)
Development and evaluation of a proto type mobile based #LungsOnTheRun initiative is a new creative way to engage
application for self screening of PPOELS and OC 1. Assess with tobacco control supporters through combining the
the current apps for OC and PPOELS 2. To develop a digital campaign and offline, public event. With a small
prototype of mobile based application for PPOELS and budget, the campaign reached millions of people online
OC 3. To validate and assess the prototype app by public and offline to raise awareness about the health harms of
health dentist, oral medicine radiologist , oral pathologist tobacco.
and patients Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A235
Methods DOI: 10.18332/tid/141084
Information was gathered about oral cancer screening
apps in India and other countries by various data bases. Myanmar Ministries take the lead in facilitating
The prototype apps was designed with the help of app free broadcast of national mass media
developers. The various sections of apps included risk campaign on the dangers of smokeless tobacco
assessment tool, method of examination with a phone Ilona Van De Braak1, Than Sein1, Thein Swe1, Kyaw Kan Kaun2,
camera and referral centers. Prototype app was validated. Mya Lay Nwe2, Sandra Mullin3, Tom Carroll4, Hans Hulst5
Results
1
People’s Health Foundation, Yangon, Myanmar, 2Ministry of
Health and Sports, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, 3Vital Strategies,
A total of 12 apps are developed for oral cancer. 33.3 %
New York, United States, 4Vital Strategies, Sydney, Australia,
applications are for patient education, 66.7 % are adjunct 5
Young Guns Media, Yangon, Myanmar
for health care professionals. None of the apps had the [email protected]
component of self screening
103
In Myanmar, 18% of women and 59% of men age 15-49 The study subjects were 7 patients with coronary artery
chew tobacco (betel quid). Its related death toll is higher disease who current smoked and admitted at Coronary
than in other low-income countries. Critical Care Unit. The subjects were purposive sampling.
Objectives The subjects received the smoking cessation website
In 2018, recognizing the need to address smokeless which divided into 5 parts: 1) toxic and effects of cigarette
tobacco use, the Ministry of Health and Sports (MoHS) on coronary artery disease, 2) mechanism of smoking,
supported the development and implementation of national 3) withdrawal symptoms and management, 4) smoking
campaigns to address this significant health burden. cessation and herb, and 5) smoking cessation services. The
Methods subjects completed the self-administered questionnaires
Through advocacy efforts the National NGO the People’s before and after receiving the website. The questionnaires
Health Foundation (PHF), the MoHS and Ministry of consisted of demographic data, the data related to
Information (MoI) played a critical role in negotiating smoking, the Heavy Smoking Index (HSI), the Knowledge
free and discounted broadcasting time for campaigns on of smoking cessation questionnaire, and the attitude of
national television and radio. In October 2018, Myanmar smoking cessation questionnaire. Descriptive statistics
launched the country’s second national mass media and Pair t- were used to analyze the data.
campaign to warn people about the harms of using Results
smokeless tobacco. The six-week campaign, featured The results indicated that after received the program,
stories of real smokeless tobacco victims in Myanmar and the subjects had knowledge in high level (x- = 16.71, SD
was developed by PHF with technical support from Vital =.76) higher than pretest (x- = 12.57, SD =1.40). Most of
Strategies and media agency Young Guns. the subjects had attitude in moderate level (x- = 3.47, SD
Results =.50) as pretest (x- = 3.64, SD =.68). The major findings
With excellent political support, the campaign launch were as follows: 1. Knowledge of coronary artery disease
was presided over by both Ministers. Most media outlets patients after the received the smoking cessation website
covered the launch and the campaign. The ministries’ was significantly higher than that of the pretest phase (t
direct involvement granted access to discounted and free =- 5.879; p < 0.01). 2. An attitude of coronary artery disease
broadcasting time, adding up to almost $100,000, matching patients after the received the smoking cessation website
the available media buy budget. Earned media coverage was not significantly (t = -1.162; p .289).
valued $34,000. Both ministries showed impressive Conclusion(s)
leadership in endorsing the campaign and reiterating their The result suggests that the smoking cessation website
commitment to follow through to contribute to public health can increase smoking cessation knowledge in persons
and enforcing legislation on tobacco control, including with coronary artery disease smokers.
enforcement of the 2016 law prohibiting smokeless tobacco Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A237
in government offices, schools and hospitals. DOI: 10.18332/tid/141098
Conclusion(s)
Impact research shows that through MoHS requests to Technology solutions help monitor and run
state media channels to provide free broadcasting time youth campaign for tobacco control
for health messages, an 89% campaign message recall Pransu Rana1, Arvind Mathur1, Sanjay Seth1
among people living in urban areas was reached, and that 1
Sambandh Health Foundation, Gurgaon, India
state-owned radio and tv channels are a dominant source [email protected]
of information for rural Myanmar citizens. Increased Introduction
leadership and support from authorities in contributing Typically tobacco users start in the age group 13 to 20
media broadcast time is critical to sustainability of these years and once addicted find it very difficult to quit – the
campaigns. quit rate in India is less than 5%. The Pledge for Life
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A236 Campaign – tobacco free youth is focused on getting
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141087 youth to participate in anti-tobacco activities which leads
to protecting them from initiating tobacco. To start with
The effectiveness of smoking cessation website school students take an anti-tobacco pledge. Monitoring
on knowledge and attitude among coronary and reporting from thousands of schools was a challenge
since there is a tendency to over-report activities.
artery disease patients: Preliminary results
Orrawan Khongtor1, Supaporn Krutdam1 Objectives
1
Royal Thai Navy College of Nursing, Bangkok, Thailand To develop a technology solution which would enable
[email protected] monitoring of the actual activities conducted and help
Introduction ensure that large numbers of schools actually did it.
Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death around Methods
the world. Several studies have shown a strong association A mobile application (app) was developed whereby anti-
between cigarette smoking and atherosclerosis, tobacco videos or presentations could be distributed
myocardial infarction and death from coronary artery to schools and their activities reported. Education
disease. Social media encompasses interactive web and Departments sent out circulars to all government and
mobile platforms. Popular social media can extend the government aided schools to download videos, do the
reach of smoking cessation efforts. activity and then report it on the app. After conducting the
Objectives activity, the Heads of institutions were to give their school
This quasi-experimental research; one group pre-post- details, number of students participating and upload
test design aimed to compare knowledge and attitude on two pictures of the event on the App. At the back end the
smoking cessation among coronary artery disease patients pictures could be used to verify if the numbers reported
after cardiac catheterization before and after the program. were correct. The compliance data was also evaluated in
real-time and the sub-district and district-wise data used
104
to drive the campaign. Thus District Education Officers 1

Centre for Combating Tobacco, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2Department
were given daily updates on the level of compliance in their of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya,
district. This prompted them to focus attention on areas Colombo, Sri Lanka, 3Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of
Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
where compliance was low.
[email protected]
Results
Introduction
Campaigns were run in 8 districts of Maharashtra where
Centre for Combating Tobacco (CCT) is the tobacco
about 20000 and 2.6 million students participated. In
observatory in Sri Lanka established under the FCTC
Assam about 18000 schools and 1.5 million students
Article 5.3. CCT has experimented several resource-
took the pledge. A campaign for colleges was also run in
efficient methods in low-resource settings. Sri Lanka, a
Maharashtra where more than 909 colleges and 150000
developing lower-middle income country, reports user
students participated
rates closer to 100% for smart mobile device and social
Conclusion(s)
media.
Using technology effectively can tobacco control campaigns
Objectives
successful.
To effectively engage the public in monitoring tobacco
industry interference and activities (TIIA)
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141099
Methods
“TobaccoUnmasked HotSpots” (TU-HotSpots) mobile app,
Digitization of monitoring process was developed and launched in two stages. The preliminary
Rajashree Kadam1, Kalpana Pillai1
1
Salaam Mumbai Foundation, Mumbai, India
launch (May 2018) was to pilot the app for feasibility and
[email protected] acceptability. A community network to monitor TIIA,
Introduction Community-Driven Tobacco Surveillance System (CDTSS)
Salaam Mumbai Foundation (SMF) works on tobacco using an upgraded app (based on the pilot project findings)
control throughout the state of Maharashtra and in 7 was launched in March 2019. Freely downloadable from
other states in India. The issue of monitoring, especially any mobile app store, TU-HotSpots enables registered
reaching out to far-off locations is a concern when trying users to report TIIA under three categories: “Report a
to reach out to remote rural areas. Earlier SMF staff used HotSpot” (geographical location of TIIA (Articles 5.3, 6, 12,
to travel physically to remote locations for monitoring; 13, 15, 16), “Interference through Media” (Article 13) and
schools used to maintain hard copies of their TFS files, “Tobacco Industry contacted me” (Article 5.3). Data is fed
which had a certain cost associated with it. Therefore, to to the TU-HotSpots Map, a website with an interactive map
address the issue we thought of developing a data system and a dashboard of interactive graphs and charts after
that involves an individual or school entering their unique reviewing and approval by the CCT team.
UDISE code and uploading their TFS status online. SMF Results
has recently launched an application on Google Play Store Two evaluations done to explore the feasibility and
called “Tobacco Free School”. acceptability revealed that 91.4% (n=54) agreed this app
Objectives would be useful in tobacco control and 82.8% (n=48)
Through this app, one can upload its Tobacco Free School stated that it would be accepted by the public. Inadequate
status on 11 criteria as suggested by CBSE board from any technological knowledge and interrupted online connection
part of Maharashtra State, along with photos and evidence. were the perceived challenges for implementation. Active
Methods promotion using organized trainings among youth and
First, SMF sensitized all partner teachers and school- field officers were the main suggestions for improvement.
level stakeholders about the application through training As at October 2019, 289 registrants reported 786 incidents;
workshops. Education and health authorities supported with 315 approved “Report a HotSpot” and 383 approved
this cause and encouraged schools to upload a high “Interference through Media” reports. “Tobacco Industry
number of relevant files online. Furthermore, the Admin contacted me” category only had a one reporting.
panel is handled by SMF, who has record of log of activities Conclusion(s)
of user accessing the app. SMF can accept and reject the A mobile app coupled with an actively established
individual files as per the criterion requirements. community network is an effective tool to engage the
Results public in monitoring TIIA.
SMF has received 22000 files from schools across Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A240
Maharashtra. Out of this around more than 10000 schools DOI: 10.18332/tid/141101
have declared as tobacco free through this app.
Conclusion(s) Social media campaign for increasing tobacco
Introduction of this online monitoring tool has saved tax: An advocacy tool for creating awareness
considerable efforts and resources in paperwork and travel and policy influence
time, and simplified district wise reporting system, where Sarker Shams Bin Sharif1, Abdus Salam Miah1, Ataur Rahman1,
at one click one can find the TFS status of any district in Md Shariful Alam1
Maharashtra.
1
Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids, Dhaka, Bangladesh
[email protected]
Bangladesh has 30 million users on Facebook and the
number is increasing day by day. Evidence shows that
Community driven tobacco surveillance system:
policymakers in Bangladesh are also using Facebook.
Engaging communities to monitor tobacco These policymakers hold the key to increase tax on tobacco
industry using a mobile app products. Studies show that an increased tax on tobacco
Chinthika Perera1, Manuja Perera1,2, Hiruni Wijesuriya1, Saduri
is linked to lower consumption. A Facebook campaign
Kandeepan1, Dineshkumar Periyannan1, Sameera Lakmal1, Ishara
Fernando1, Mahesh Rajasuriya1,3
alongside other events was required to reach these
105
policymakers along with other relevant stakeholders Carabao band and picture of Arthiwara “Toon” of Bodyslam
Objectives band hold the NoNo T-shirt in their hands. Totally there
To create awareness among policymakers about the were 3210 registered runners and 133 family teams
effectiveness of an increased tax on tobacco products on (expected 1500 runners and 50 families). Lesson learned
both smoked and smokeless tobacco from this campaign was that to recruit people to join the
Methods activity, native superstars were main attraction but to
CTFK and its country partners ran a social media make it more effective, the prompt and correct response by
campaign from April to July during the preparation and the page admin for the incoming comments and inquiries
the placement of the budget proposal for 2018-2019 fiscal are essential. Finally the performance in reality is the most
year- targeting the Finance Ministry and other relevant important to make an effective campaign. Furthermore to
ministries. More than 30 visuals and 3 videos of victims launch a tobacco prevention campaign, it requires many
entitled “victims of addiction” were circulated through continuing activities for individuals and families.
Facebook pages. A campaign brand “Dam Baran Tamaker Conclusion(s)
Jibon Bachan Amader” (raise tobacco price and save our Effective digital platform is a main factor for the success of
lives) was created and circulated through all the social campaign in communicating and recruiting people to join
media posts. Geographical targeting was used to reach the in the activities.
target audiences. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A242
The social media campaign created 70 million views
and 2 million engagements- 90 percent of which were in Relationship between Student Team
Dhaka specifically where the relevant ministries are. The Achievement Division (STAD) and smoking
simplified messaging and the effective brand design were prevention behavior: Planned behavior theory
used to mobilize the young people in three divisional cities Toghur Arifani Lubis1, Ade Rahimi1
including the capital. These were later amplified through 1
Faculty of Public Health, University of North Sumatra Medan,
social media as part of the campaign. Most importantly, the Medan, Indonesia
tobacco tax was increased on two high tiers of cigarettes. [email protected]
SLT came under the MRP system to be taxed under the Introduction
same tobacco tax structure as with cigarettes and bidi. Smoking (cigarette smoke) is the biggest contributor
Conclusion(s) to free radicals in the air and is one of the risk factors
Social media is a useful advocacy tool to supplement for non-communicable diseases (PTM). Especially for
events and to influence policy teenagers the impact of smoking can affect the brain and
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A241 causes the possibility of smoking and the continuation of
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141102 smoking increases compared with nicotine exposure in
adults. Based on the theory of planned behavior explained
Lesson learned from NoNo Bang-Plama that intervention is part of an information variable that
hospital mini-marathon (2019): An effective use can influence behavior indirectly. The intervention in this
study was given by the student team achievement division
of digital platform
Surat Mongkolnchaiarunya1, Ammaraporn Suphanwiwat1, Wikul technique or called STAD.
Visalseth2 Objectives
1
Dental Health Bureau, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Therefore this study aimed to analyze the relationship
Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand, 2Thai Dentist Against Tobacco of STAD with smoking prevention behavior based on the
Group, Nonthaburi, Thailand theory of planning behavior which consisted of attitudes,
[email protected] subjective norms, perceived behavioral control (PBC), and
Introduction intentions.
“NoNo” is the name of the mascot rabbit representing Methods
the dental professions in Thailand against tobacco This type of research is a quasi-experiment by giving
consumption. Mostly the activities aiming at helping the student an intervention using the student team
smokers to quit. Activities to prevent new smoker have achievement division (STAD) technique. It is located in MTS
initiated. Its objectives were to raise awareness of oral Amin Darussalam, data was collected by a questionnaire
health and tobacco harm. Children are the target for on 20 students and analyzed by Chi-Square.
prevention. They bring the message home and motivate Results
smokers in their family to quit. NoNo Bang-Plama mini- The results showed that there were differences in attitudes
marathon –“Fit for Lung” on 26th October 2019 was (p=0,001), subjective norms (p=0,005) and intentions
organized to promote good behavior and PR “NoNo”. The (p=0,046) between before and after the intervention with
NoNo mini-marathon web page opened for registration STAD but there were no differences in PBC (p=0,059).
on 1st July and closed on 31st August 2019. It was very Conclusion(s)
successful both for the numbers and NoNo recognition. student team achievement division may use to intervene
Objectives students to have a positive attitude, good subjective norms,
To find out how to use digital platform effectively. and strong intentions toward smoking prevention behavior
Methods Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A243
Focus group the Bang-Plama hospital organizing team (2 DOI: 10.18332/tid/141104
dental nurses, 2 nurses and 2 public health officers).
Results Depiction of tobacco in Indian mass media: A
It revealed that in the first 2 months the registration
content analysis
numbers were few hundreds. The fast acceleration Neema Joseph1, Parthibane Sivanantham1, Sudheera Sulgante1,
happened after they upload the Suphan Buri native idols Sitanshu Sekhar Kar1
on YouTube and webpage. The clip of Yuenyong “Add” of 1
Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and
106
Research, Puducherry, India e-cigarette discussions by Australian Twitter users.

Introduction 4,432 tweets from 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018 were analysed
Tobacco appearances in mass media have a significant using a tri-axial classification system (user category,
impact on the population in the initiation and / cessation sentiment, tweet content). Data were collected through
of tobacco use. A content analysis will help to determine TrISMA (Tracking Infrastructure for Social Media Analysis)
how tobacco is depicted across mass media in a country. via a list of 15 popular e-cigarette related terms.
Objectives Results
To determine the proportion of tobacco-related Vape retailers and manufactures and vape proponents
appearances and the percentage of pro or anti-tobacco contributed to 49% of tweets analysed. These groups’
messages in the selected print, electronic, and internet- tweets were overwhelmingly positive (>97%). Forty-
based mass media in India. six percent of tweets were classified as advertising or
Methods promotion, with vape retailers and manufacturers (49%)
During the study period, top two daily newspapers in terms and vape proponents (20%) contributing the largest
of readership in each category (English, Hindi, and Regional proportion. A number of tweets (3%) asserted a conspiracy
language), a topmost Television channel in terms of against vapers and vaping, believing the Government is not
viewership in each category (General Entertainment, Hindi legalising vaping to protect the tobacco industry and the
movies, News, Kids, Regional and English movies) and top income the Government receives through tobacco excise;
five trending videos on YouTube in each category (Music, and that those working within public health are spreading
Gaming, News, Movies [trailers]) were reviewed daily. lies and misinformation. Vape proponents (58%) were also
The appearances related to tobacco in newspapers were found to challenge anyone who expressed critical-vaping
coded and analyzed using tally sheets. The appearances in views (2.0%).
television and YouTube were assessed continuously using Conclusion(s)
five-minute and one-minute intervals, respectively. Content on Twitter presents a tilted conversation
Results encouraging e-cigarette use, promoting vaping as
Out of the 9373 advertisements reviewed in Newspapers, 31 a socially acceptable practice, discredits scientific
(0.33%) [95%CI: 0.23-0.46] had tobacco-related incidents; evidence for health risks, and rallies around the idea that
all of which were pro-tobacco messages. Among the total e-cigarettes should largely be outside the bounds of policy.
1512 intervals watched on Television, 274 (18.12%) [95%CI: The accumulation of individual beliefs in these unfounded
16. 24-20.12] intervals had a tobacco incident. There were stories, conspiracy theories, and pseudoscience can give
289 (19.1%) tobacco incidents on television, of which 267 rise to social movements with profound consequences for
(92.4%) were pro-tobacco messages. Among the total 900 global public health. Deployment of innovative methods
videos watched on YouTube, 103 (11.44%) [95%CI: 9.49- on a broader scale is needed, such as natural language
13.65] videos had tobacco-related incidents. A total of 206 processing and assisted data mining to track and counter
(22.9%) tobacco incidents were present on YouTube, out of the spread of misinformation.
which 98.5% were pro-tobacco messages. Funding Acknowledgments
Conclusion(s) This work was supported by a Healthway Exploratory
Despite the national ban on pro-tobacco advertisements, Research Grant (grant number 32803) and an Australian
the study documented a considerable extent of pro- Government Research Training Program Scholarship.
tobacco depictions in Indian mass media. This signifies the The Scholarship is provided by the Commonwealth of
need for active collaboration between media and tobacco Australia to support general living costs for students
control groups to monitor and thereby prevent the use of (KM) undertaking Research Doctorate studies. All funders
the tobacco industry to promote its products. had no role in the design of the study; in the collection,
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A244 analyses, or interpretation of data; and in the decision to
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141105 present the results. This research was also supported by
infrastructure provided through the Australian Research
Vape proponent behaviour on Twitter: A content Council-funded project TrISMA: Tracking Infrastructure
analysis of vaping related tweets for Social Media Analysis (LIEF grant LE140100148).
Kahlia McCausland1, Bruce Maycock2, Tama Leaver3, Katharina Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A245
Wolf4, Becky Freeman5, Jonine Jancey1 DOI: 10.18332/tid/141111
1
Collaboration for Evidence, Research and Impact in Public Health,
School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia,
2
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College
“CSR PROJECT of tobacco companies” - no
of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United doubt, it is only “ a wolf in sheep’s clothing”
Kingdom, 3School of Media, Creative Arts and Social Inquiry, Regunathan Venkatachalam Pillai1
Curtin University, Perth, Australia, 4School of Management and
1
Volunteers Against Smoking and Tobacco, Tiruchirappalli, India
Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, Australia, 5School of Public [email protected]
Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia Introduction
[email protected] UNIDO defines Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a
Introduction management concept whereby companies integrate social
A growing body of literature has examined the content of and environmental concerns in their business operations,
vaping-related tweets, although less is known about the such as: environmental management, eco-efficiency,
people who generate and disseminate these messages, community relations, social equity, human rights, good
and the role of e-cigarette advocates. governance, and anti-corruption measures. However, all
Objectives the Tobacco Companies located across the Globe, under the
To conduct a content analysis of tweets to identify key cover of their CSR PROJECTS, launch an array of projects
conversation trends and patterns over time; and discern the &/ programs to covertly promote their business, position
core voices, message frames and sentiment surrounding their logo & brand, launch surrogate advertisements. No
107
doubt, it’s a “Wolf in Sheep’s clothing”. suggested to reduce the tobacco consumption as a
Objectives youth group. A post evaluation was carried out after the
To tactically uncover the Sheep\'s clothing and expose the discussion by asking questions as a game.
true-face of Tobacco Companies. Results
Methods Media influences, peer influences and positive attraction
ITC Ltd. is India’s biggest cigarette manufacturer. on tobacco are the major determinants identified. The
Under its CSR kitty, it has programs for afforestation, participants showed a tendency of improving awareness
watershed development, livestock development, women of harmful effects on smoking. Activities were planned by
empowerment, school-based programs, skill development, the participants to reduce the tobacco such as showing the
etc. Whereas ITC runs all these programs to covertly make harmfulness of tobacco by videos to school students and
surrogate advertisement of their products and logo. With hanging posters which are related to health harm at public
the following catchy slogans, ITC is attempting to brand places to reduce the positive image and attractiveness
itself as a socially responsible company : “transforming towards smoking.
lives and landscapes”, “world’s only company to be carbon- Conclusion(s)
positive, water-positive” “creating 6 million sustainable Empowering youths to act as change agents in changing
livelihoods” positive attitudes on smoking in communities can be done
Results through raising their understanding and giving them the
However, in reality: - ITC destroys more than five times of ownership to decide actions.
forests than its afforestation program. - Through its school- Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A247
based programs, ITC only attempts to embed its brand in DOI: 10.18332/tid/141120
the minds of students and make them as “replacement
smokers” - cigarettes are a major cause of air, water and Shisha No Thanks! Co-designing an intervention
soil pollution, whereas ITC claims as “world’s only company with young Arabic-speaking adults to raise
to be carbon-positive, water-positive” - ITC Claims that it awareness of the harms of waterpipe smoking
creates “creating 6 million sustainable livelihoods”, while Lilian Chan1, Dalya Karezi2, Nouhad El-Haddad3, Lisa Woodland2,
it is a proven fact that cigarettes kills more than 6 million Joanne Corcoran2, Jesusa Helaratne2, Klara Takas2, Glaiza Perez2
people per annum. 1
Prevention Research Collaboration, The University of Sydney,
Conclusion(s) Sydney, Australia, 2Population and Community Health, South
All Governments across the globe should initiate steps Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Australia, 3Faculty of
to enact suitable laws and regulations - prohibiting the Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
[email protected]
tobacco companies from all types of CSR Projects - instead
Introduction
Government should get these monies and spend towards
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death and the
creating a "tobacco free globe".
fifth most common cancer diagnosed in Australia. There is
an increasing trend in waterpipe smoking internationally,
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141114
and it is particularly high among young people in Middle
Eastern countries and people of Middle Eastern descent
Raising awareness among youths to reduce in Western countries. In Arabic-speaking communities in
the positive image and attractiveness towards New South Wales (NSW), Australia, it is perceived to be a
smoking social activity and less harmful than cigarette smoking.
Laksi Mathanakumar1, Jathusha Kanmanirajah1, Naradhi Baduge1, Objectives
Anuradha Airawansha1, Soysa Nawodani1, Nadeeka Rathnayake1,
The aim of the project was to raise awareness of the harms
Gowthiry Raisah1, Dumindha Guruge1
1
Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka of waterpipe (shisha) smoking in the target group: young
[email protected] people (18 to 35 years) of Arabic speaking background
Introduction living across Sydney, NSW.
Over 20000 people die from tobacco- related illnesses Methods
annually in Sri Lanka. Youth is a crucial target audience 1. Identified community champions (including community
for tobacco marketing. This study was conducted during a leaders, General Practitioners, and young people), and
national level exhibition which was held in Nikeweratiya in facilitated co-design workshops around key messages
Sri Lanka 2018 with approximately 1500 youth participants and resource development 2. Developed a short, broadcast
for 5 days, from different areas in Sri Lanka. quality video featuring community members 3. Developed
Objectives a website to host videos and other project materials and
To raise the awareness among youths to reduce the positive resources 4. Developed and implemented social media
image and attractiveness towards tobacco usage. campaign, incorporating co-designed messages and the
Methods video to promote the harms of waterpipe smoking on
Sample was selected purposively to select the target social media platforms 5. Hosted community events to
audience. Groups were divided based on gender. To evaluate showcase the commissioned projects
their basic knowledge about tobacco related effects, Results
questions were asked from them. Intervention was carried Health professionals involved and championing this
out with innovative activities which reflect how the social project. Community education workshops were facilitated
media negatively influence in smoking, the appearance of across Sydney. Four community and health professional
smokers, how smoking causes to poor family conditions factsheets were developed in partnership with the Ministry
were mainly discussed with them. Video clips and pictures of Health and translated into Arabic. Project received a
used to demonstrate the effects of tobacco smoking like great level of coverage in Australia and globally. Project
non-communicable diseases, sexual impotence. Then, presented at Australia’s Public Health Conference, and
they were guided to identify the determinants that affect won Best First Time Presentation Award at the Cancer
to tobacco consumption among youths. Activities were Institute Innovations conference
108
Conclusion(s) among the students who on the other hand can convey the
Co-design is an exemplary approach to involve communities message to their parents and other family members and it
in project design, especially if they are the target group. is seen that the words shared by the wards highly impact
Our project has been able to increase awareness of the their parent’s thought process.
harms of waterpipe smoking in key partners, stakeholders; Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A249
community champions and community members; and DOI: 10.18332/tid/141124
increase access to culturally appropriate and acceptable,
evidence-informed health information about the harms of A government department contributing to a
waterpipe smoking. tobacco free generation through ‘pledge for
Funding Acknowledgements life-tobacco free youth’ campaign
This project has been funded by the Cancer Institute NSW. Manish Kumar Bhartia1, Sanjay Seth1, Ashima Sarin1, Md. Aamir
Project partners include: Khan1, Pranshu Rana1
• South Eastern Sydney Local Health District (SESLHD) 1
(project lead) [email protected]
• NSW Multicultural Health Communication Service Introduction
• Sydney Local Health District Tobacco consumption in various forms is rampant at
• South Western Sydney Local Health District grassroot level in rural areas and all the efforts done to
• South Eastern Sydney Research Collaboration Hub bring awareness about the harm it causes has failed to
(SEaRCH) transcend that level, thereby, dying down before reaching
• University of NSW the last mile. This has created a huge public health problem
• Lebanese Muslim Association in the population. ‘Pledge for life - Tobacco free youth’
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A248 campaign has been launched with the aim to sensitize
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141122 College and School students across the State, and through
them, their near and dear ones about harms of all forms
A unique volunteer force spread mass of tobacco.
awareness about health hazards of tobacco Objectives
Manish Kumar Bhartia1, Sanjay Seth1, Ashima Sarin1, Md. Aamir Anti-tobacco activities in Assam, India.
Khan1, Pranshu Rana1 Methods
1
Sambandh Health Foundation, Gurgaon, India To address this Public Health problem, in Assam,India,
[email protected] in the year 2018 the campaign was launched as pilot.
Introduction Voice of Tobacco Victims (VoTV) was at the core of its
In Assam, India, Tobacco consumption in the last 7 years functioning and played a significant role. The campaign
increased to 48% from 39%. Efforts to bring awareness began through sensitization of the key officials of the
about the harm has failed to transcend to ground level, Government Department of Education. Advocacy led to
thereby, dying down before reaching the last mile. An idea instructions from the Department to conduct mass Pledge
to involve students was taken up with the aim to mobilize in all schools of Assam. For monitoring the activity a Web
College and School students to create a strong volunteer based portal was created for uploading the data by the
force through sensitization who acted as foot soldiers Schools.
to sensitize the community including woman folks who Results
otherwise remain mostly confined to their households, and Total of 15.5 Lakh students from 16500 Schools took
thereby, remaining oblivious of the facts. ‘pledge for life’ together across the State of Assam, India.
To bring mass awareness in the grass root level about Research has proven that if children participate in such
harmful effects of all forms of tobacco activities from the beginning it is highly unlikely that they
Methods will ever touch tobacco in their lives. Such initiatives by
In Assam, India, in the year 2018 a pilot campaign was the Government are bound to bring down the prevalence
launched by organizing sensitization workshop for of tobacco smokers in states.
Program Officers (Head Teachers) and Volunteers of Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A250
National Service Scheme (NSS) Unit of the State working DOI: 10.18332/tid/141125
in various Universities and affiliated colleges. Voice of
Tobacco Victims (VoTV), a campaign led by doctors and Developing leadership among youth and
cancer survivors played a significant role in the program. motivating them to work for tobacco control in
The intervention included activities like anti tobacco
Maharashtra
pledge and other programs such as Wall magazine, Poster Mohd Aamir Khan1, Ashima Sarin1, Pransu Rana1, Pramod Kumar1
competition, mass rally, community outreach through 1
special camps etc. on the theme of ‘Tobacco Free youth’. [email protected]
Results Introduction
Total of 2000 active volunteers in six months, 600 anti- National Service Scheme (NSS) is a Government scheme
tobacco activities, 22000 hours of volunteer work, 75000 for students from schools & colleges to volunteer for
people sensitized social work. They are led by a Program Officer (PO).
Conclusion(s) NSS has become involved in tobacco control activities in
Such volunteer forces, if mobilized right from the Maharashtra during last 4 months. Thousands of NSS
vulnerable ages, can bring about social reforms in the volunteers have come forward to do anti-tobacco activities
society, especially, Assam where prevalence of tobacco such as giving anti-tobacco pledge to students and the
consumption increased in the last 7 years. Anti-tobacco community, street plays, rallies, poster competitions,
activities at regular intervals are highly recommended etc. NSS students work on various social issues such
given the fact that it instills a sense of self discipline as cleanliness, blood donation, pollution, disaster
109
management, etc. The challenge is to get their focus on control practice, social support, and tobacco control
tobacco control. practice. However, they have middle level of self-efficacy.
Objectives The finding showed a significant positive association of
To develop leadership among the youth so they can work self-efficacy (p < .01), social support (p = .003), and the
for tobacco control tobacco control practice of nurses. Moreover, nurses’
Methods attitudes for tobacco control practice, self-efficacy and
In Maharashtra the chewing tobacco prevalence is high social support have explained the variance of the tobacco
(24.4%) and more than 500 children initiate tobacco use control practice of nurses at 25.6%.
per day. Tobacco control Workshops were conducted for Conclusion(s)
NSS volunteers. Tobacco Control Leader (TCL) and Social The findings have benefit for development of empowerment
Media Leader (SML) from volunteers were assigned so program for the nurse students who attending the nursing
they can take the ownership and expand the activities student smoke-free Thai society club in the future. The
among their NSS Units. Telephonic conversation, Emails, program should improve nurse students’ self-efficacy and
WhatsApp groups were the main communication channel. organized social support. Therefore, nurse students will
Those who have done excellent work were provided have excellence preferment in tobacco control practice
badges, certificates and trophies. This really inspire them after they graduated.
to do best and become leader for this campaign. Funding
Results This work was supported by Thai Health Promotion
NSS campaign for tobacco control has played significant Foundation by Nurse Network for Tobacco Control in
role in sensitizing people and youth. During May- Thailand, Nurse Association Thailand
September 2019, 4383 NSS Volunteers conducted 357 Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A252
activities to sensitize 60957 people about tobacco. Many of DOI: 10.18332/tid/141127
the activities were reported in the media.
Conclusion(s) Health assembly of young leaders advocating
Youth is the voice of the society. Involvement of youth in for children's rights for tobacco free
tobacco control activities brings behaviour changes and environment
contribute to a tobacco free generation. Youth ownership Tshering Doma Bhutia1, Abhiram Mehendale1, Narayan Lad1,
is crucial and through such campaign they are including Priti Vaishnav1
tobacco control in their priority under their leadership 1
Salaam Bombay Foundation, Mumbai, India
which led tobacco prevalence down. [email protected]
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141126 The Convention on the Rights of Child (CRC) emphasizes
on children's right to information that mandates to provide
Factors influencing tobacco control practice information to children on harms of tobacco and right to
among the registered nurses who used to health to ensure that children should get highest attainable
standard of health. Despite this, tobacco use among Indian
attend the nursing student smoke-free Thai
adolescents is still a serious problem. Children are being
society club exposed to second hand smoke. Tobacco industry also
Rudee Pungbaangkadee1, Satkaka Pimroon1, Yupa Jewpattanakul1,
Thirawan Chuetaleng1 concentrates all its strategies to recruit adolescents as
1
Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand new users.
Introduction Salaam Bombay Foundation is implementing In-school
The nurse students are health professional who have Tobacco Control Leadership Programme in 350 Mumbai
significant role in tobacco control. Theory of planed schools to create awareness on harms of tobacco among
behavior of Ajzen (1991) was used to design the conceptual adolescents and build their capacities and transform them
framework and to explain the relationship of nurse’s into change agents to work towards protecting children’s
attitudes for tobacco control practice, self-efficacy, social right to health and tobacco free environment.
support, and the tobacco control practice of nurses. Methods
Objectives Through Tobacco Control Leadership Programme,
The aim of this study is to investigate factors influencing adolescents are made aware about forms of tobacco,
tobacco control practice among the nurses who used to important tobacco related health facts and health harms
attend the Nursing student smoke-free Thai society club. of tobacco. They are also introduced to tobacco control
Methods law and policy makers in tobacco control. Subsequently,
A cross-sectional descriptive study was used. A total of these students are transformed into empowered leaders
100 registered nurses who used to attend the nursing and provided platform in form of annual ‘Children’s Health
student smoke-free Thai society club were included in Assembly’ to interact with policy makers to raise concerns
the study after sample random sampling method. A semi- related to tobacco and adolescents.
structured questionnaire was given to them and the 96 Results
responses were analyzed. The 50 items from 5 parts of Due to advocacy efforts of children’s health assembly,
questionnaire comprised demographic details, nurse’s action has been taken on 676 shops selling tobacco
attitudes for tobacco control practice, self-efficacy, social within 100 yards radius of school premises; Municipal
support, and the tobacco control practice of nurses. The Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) included section
reliability of questionnaire was 0.85. Descriptive and 6 of COTPA 2003 in its Shops and Establishments Act to
multiple regression analysis was used for data analysis. prohibit sale of tobacco products to minors and within 100
Results yards of educational institutions; Tobacco advertisements
The participants have high level of attitudes for tobacco were removed from 4,680 BEST public transport buses
running across various routes in the city.
110
Conclusion(s) 1
Though SBF has been successful in giving voice to Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
adolescents to protect children’s right to health and [email protected]
tobacco free environment, the government adopting this Introduction
program for educational institutions across the country is Tobacco smoking is becoming a health issue among
the key to success of the intervention. university students. The condition is the same in Rajarata
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A253 University of Sri Lanka. As the health promotion department
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141128 in the university, we decided to take actions to address this
issue.
Tobacco use among adolescents and role of Objectives
The objective of this study was to empower the university
school in influencing this habit
Ashwini Kedar1, Sanjay Gupta2
students to take actions to reduce tobacco smoking in
1
Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India, 2Department Faculty of Management in Rajarata University of Sri Lanka.
of Epidemiology, National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, Methods
Delhi, India This study was carried out with 85 students in Faculty of
[email protected] Management in Rajarata University of Sri Lanka. Group
Introduction discussions were initiated by assessing attitudes on
Tobacco use is an important behavioural risk factor which smoking. Then, discussed about long and short term
can be recognised and modified at young age. School health impact especially about short term impacts by using
plays important role in imparting knowledge and shaping ‘mirror tool’, a poster with a mirror in between two faces
the behaviours and practices among children. This of a smoker and a non-smoker. Then, discussed about
study focuses on the school related factors that may be company strategies. Then, they listed actions that can be
influencing tobacco use among adolescents. taken to address this issue in their faculty and hostel.
Objectives Results
To assess the role of school on tobacco use among According to post assessment, awareness about
adolescents aged 13-15 years old. harmful effects of smoking was increased. And after the
Methods discussions, they understood smoking as a major issue
This study was conducted among adolescents aged 13-15 in the university and they, themselves are the resource
years studying in class eighth to tenth from two central persons who can change this issue. They suggested lots of
government schools of Delhi, India. Self-administered ideas and prioritized 8 of them to be implemented. Those
questionnaires were used to collect data from 438 were banning selling of cigarettes within and near the
students. Observation was used to assess school related university using informal ways, pasting notices and posters
factors. Informed consent was taken from students and to demonstrate the harm of smoking, checking hostels
their parents. once a month, openly criticizing smoking, taking actions
Results to avoid the influence of seniors to smoke, explaining
Among participants, 30 were ever tobacco users and 25 the adverse effects of smoking by girl friends, changing
were current tobacco users. Majority (17) ever tobacco attitudes of peers about smoking and sharing posts that
users started using tobacco at 11 years or less. Tobacco use deglamorize smoking through social media.
among family members, friends was an important predictor Conclusion(s)
forever and current tobacco use. More than half of ever The university students can suggest and prioritize effective
tobacco users (56.67%) stated purchase of bidis/cigarettes actions to reduce smoking when they were interactively
or smokeless tobacco from tobacco vendors near school. engaged in open discussions and when the ownership of
Health education at school had strong protective effect for the process of addressing the issue is given to themselves.
current tobacco use (OR=0.26). Feeling stressed at school Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A255
(OR=3.12) and physical activity at school (OR=4.01) were DOI: 10.18332/tid/141130
important determinants for current tobacco use. Both
schools were not following COTPA (Cigarettes and Other Questionnaire to give information about tobacco
Tobacco Products) guidelines. There were no signboards to support smoke-free campus
indicating tobacco free zone either outside or inside the Atsuko Nakazawa1, Hiroshi Ichikawa1
school. Tobacco selling shops were present within 100 1
Health Center, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
yards of school and were selling tobacco products to [email protected]
adolescents. Introduction
Conclusion(s) In accordance with the enforcement of the revised Health
Greater emphasis on health education activities at school Promotion Act in Japan, smoking has been prohibited
may help to decrease tobacco use among children. COTPA in principle on the premises of the university since July
rules should be implemented stringently in all schools. 1, 2019. Doshisha University has confirmed its policy to
Schools should have provision of counsellors and facilities complete the process of an all-campus smoking ban by
to promote physical activity. Schools have greatly impact March 31, 2020.
on young minds and help in decreasing tobacco use. Objectives
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A254 The purpose is to examine the effect of a questionnaire
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141129 giving information about tobacco in order to excuse the
campus smoking ban smoothly.
Empowering university students to take Methods
actions to reduce tobacco smoking in Rajarata We use self-administered anonymous questionnaires to
University of Sri Lanka give information about tobacco to the university staffs
Asinsala Wijerathne1, Nadeesha Sewwandi1, Dilini Ranasinghe1, annually since 2017. We presented the 11 facts about
Nimesha Karunarathne1, Nadeeka Rathnayake1, Duminda Guruge1 tobacco and asked if they know or not. Smoking status
111
and the style of using tobacco products including Heat- were 14. Adyar, Teynampet and Royapuram have the
Not-Burn cigarettes (HNB) were inquired. We compared highest number of shops that sell tobacco products within
the results of the questionnaires carried out in 2017, 2018 100m of schools, and Sholinganallur and Manali have the
and 2019. lowest. There is an average of 5 shops that sell tobacco
Results products within 100 yards of educational institutions in
The proportion of daily smokers was always around 5%, Chennai. More than half of the schools observed (53%) had
intermittent smokers 1%, ex-smokers 20%. Only cigarette 5 or more than 5 shops within 100 yards selling tobacco
users were 80% in 2017, 55% in 2018 and 66% in 2019 products.
among daily smokers. Only HNB users were 11% in 2017, Conclusion(s)
17% in 2018 and 17% in 2019. Both cigarettes and HNB The results show us that many stores in Chennai are not
users were 9% in 2017, 26% in 2018 and 12% in 2019. The following the COTPA regulations. Having stores that sell
facts that less than half of the staff knew (e.g. “tobacco tobacco products near schools can harm children by either
smoke contains 4000 to 7000 chemicals and more than 200 introducing them to tobacco products or having smokers
substances are hazardous.” or "tobacco and HNB contain around the vicinity leading to passive smoking. The
PM2.5") remained unknown in all three questionnaires. government should ensure the laws are being followed
Eighty percent knew about Doshisha University declaration through strict implementation and reduce easy access to
of all-campus smoking ban. tobacco products for children as much as possible.
The number of smokers does not decrease. It is not that DOI: 10.18332/tid/141135
the number of HNB users continues to increase. The level
of knowledge about tobacco has not improved. Despite Current situation of tobacco products selling
the declaration of all-campus smoking ban, still twenty point beside the educational institution: A case
percent does not know about it. A lot of effort is necessary study in Dhaka city
to make the staff understand the significance of smoke- Bappa Raj Das1, Farhana Zaman1, Md. Mohi Uddin1, Md. Bazlur
free campus policy. Rahman1
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141131 University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
[email protected]
"Nico-teen free': A study on the compliance Introduction
Bangladesh has almost 164.07 million populations.
of cigarettes and other tobacco products Act
There are around 23789 schools and 150 public & private
(COTPA) section 6(b) universities in Bangladesh. They contain millions of
Atul Matthew1
1
Mary Anne Charitable Trust, Tamil Nadu, India students and they are the main target of Tobacco Company.
[email protected] There are so many points of sale of tobacco products beside
Introduction the institutes for attracting the students.
In India, over 20 million children are addicted to tobacco, Objectives
and every day 5500 new children are addicted to tobacco. Consuming tobacco products for a long time, youth stands
One of the many methods tobacco companies use to lure on the most dangerous position. The ambition of this study
children into consuming tobacco products is by selling is to prevent students from this most hazardous attraction
products near schools. Since the pulmonary and cranial by making educational institution tobacco free.
development for adolescents isn't complete, the health Methods
ramifications for tobacco consumption is more severe In Dhaka city, the total of 2 schools and 4 Universities
compared to that of adults. Therefore the government of (9 campuses) was targeted for achieving tobacco free
India passed the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products campuses. Discussion with authorized person, inform
Act (COTPA) to regulate the trade, commerce, production, them about the harmfulness of tobacco products and the
supply and distribution of tobacco products. target of the company, as will as the awareness building
Objectives programs was held during January 2019 to July 2019.
The objective of the study was to observe if shops in Results
Chennai comply with the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco 1. Total 31 points of sell was founded beside the institutions.
Products Act (COTPA) section 6 (b), regarding the sale 2. 2 principles of the schools and 10 authorized persons of
of tobacco products within 100 yards of any educational the 9 university campuses with the chairmen were awarded
institution. about the threat of the tobacco product. 3. 2 school and 3
Methods university authorities provided a legal notice for not to sale
A list of schools was obtained from the Chennai Corporation tobacco products beside the campuses. 4. All mentioned
website. Through random sampling method, 2 schools per universities forbidden smoking in the university campuses.
zone were obtained for the study, giving a total of 30 schools 5. 2 universities made committee including their students
for the study. Using a pedometer and GPS, shops within 100 to make their campuses tobacco free. 6. They said that they
metres of the school were identified. Shops selling tobacco will continue their tobacco-free campus activities.
products were identified by noticing products displayed for Conclusion(s)
sale, observing the floor of the shop for cigarette butts/ Authorized person of the institution should continue
packaging for tobacco products, and also observing people awareness building program and take legal action against
buy and smoke products inside the shop. Tobacco Company. TCRC initiated sensitizing concerned
Results government agencies with these findings to make tobacco-
In the 30 schools studied, the lowest number of shops within free campuses for all educational institutes.
100m of the school that sold tobacco products were 3 and Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A258
the highest number of shops that sold tobacco products DOI: 10.18332/tid/141136
112
The perception of electronic cigarette use in burden of tobacco use through group activities. They
nursing students were empowered to take actions to address the issue.
Bayu Adjie Pangestu1, Arif Nur Akhmad1 The data were collected through focus group discussions
1
Poltekkes Kemenkes Pontianak, Pontianak, Indonesia and changes were analyzed by using qualitative and
[email protected] quantitative methods.
Electronic cigarette is a problem in the world today. The knowledge on short and long term harmful effects
The electronic cigarette is a device designed to produce of smoking was increased by 98 %. The students’ ability
nicotine vapor without burning tobacco while still giving to identify ‘smoking faces’ was increased. They started to
the sensation of smoking. Basically, electronic cigarette find out and count smoking faces in school and on their
were created to help smokers stop smoking, but they have way to school. Students’ reactions towards users and their
not been proven yet. This is because the liquid content way of looking at users were changed. They suggested
unsafe and harmful to health. to take actions to reduce economic burden of tobacco
Objectives consumption in their villages through children societies.
The purpose of this study was to determine the description Conclusion(s)
of perceptions about electronic cigarettes in nursing According to the results, this health promotion study was
students. effective to improve the knowledge of students in grade
Methods 6 on real harm of tobacco consumption and it changed
The type of this study was quantitative with descriptive attitudes of students towards tobacco use. Therefore,
design. There were 40 Nursing students selected by health promotion approach can be suggested as an
consecutive sampling technique. The questionnaire used effective way to address the tobacco consumption among
a demographic data questionnaire and perception of the school children in secondary schools of Sri Lanka.
electronic cigarettes use. The data were analyzed by using Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A260
univariate test. DOI: 10.18332/tid/141138
Results
The results of statistic showed that the average age was Using health promotion approach for reducing
19.375 (SD = 1.029), most of respondents were male, 65% the attractive image on tobacco smoking among
(N = 26), and not smoking of 52.5% (N = 21). The result of
university students in Rajarata University of Sri
electronic cigarettes use in nursing students had positive
perception of 80% (N = 32). These results indicate that Lanka
Dilini Ranasinghe1, Nadeesha Sewwandi1, Asinsala Wijerathne1,
most nursing students still consider electronic cigarettes Nimesha Dulanjalee1, Subhani Perera1, Nadeeka Rathnayake1,
to be less harmful than tobacco. G.N. Duminda Guruge1
Conclusion(s) 1
This study shows that positive preception of nursing Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
students about electronic cigarettes use. The future [email protected]
studies are recommended to use a larger sample size Introduction
than this study. Tobacco smoking among university students has become
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A259 a major global concern and a serious challenge. The
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141137 condition is same in Sri Lankan universities and that
affects negatively on academic life of university students
A school based health promotion intervention resulting in poor academic performances, poor health and
to address the smoking behaviors of school poor classes attendance.
children in Walisinghe Harishchandra Objectives
To reduce the attractive image on tobacco smoking among
secondary school, Sri Lanka
Dilini Ranasinghe1, W.G. Nadeesha Sewwandi1, Rajarathnam
university students in Faculty of Social Sciences and
Kanapathy1, Shivakumaran Viyasan1, Nadeeka Rathnayake1, Humanities in Rajarata University of Sri Lanka.
Sujani Preethika1, R.M. Saman Kumara1, G.N. Duminda Guruge1 Methods
1
Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Applied Sciences, This study was conducted by using health promotion
Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka approach with a sample of selected 98 first year
[email protected] undergraduates in Faculty of Social Sciences and
Introduction Humanities, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka. Group
Smoking behaviors of school children has become a discussions were initiated by assessing their image on
major problem in Sri Lanka and the prevalence is high in tobacco users and identified determinants cause for
Anuradhapura district. The early age of initiation is very tobacco smoking among university students with them.
important to be considered to address this issue. Then, improved their knowledge on short and long term
Objectives health impacts of tobacco use, especially about sexual
The objective of this study was to reduce the image of impotence, changes in physical appearance and company
school children on tobacco users by improving knowledge strategies used to promote tobacco among them through
on harmful effects of tobacco use. group discussions and by using innovative tools. The
Methods students were guided to decide actions to reduce tobacco
This health promotion study was conducted with a smoking and facilitated them to initiate a process in the
randomly selected sample of 100 students in grade 6 in university by getting their ideas and suggestions to reduce
‘Walisinghe Harishchandra Maha Vidyalaya’, a secondary tobacco smoking. At the end of the discussions, changes
school in Anuradhapura District, Sri Lanka. Discussions were assessed and data were analyzed by using qualitative
were conducted with students about short and long term and quantitative methods.
harmful effects of smoking. In that, especially improved Results
their knowledge on changes in appearance, economic According to the views of students expressed in group
113
discussions, the knowledge on short and long term health Introduction

impacts of tobacco consumption among students, the In Hong Kong, the smoking prevalence is 10.0% in 2017 and
knowledge on company strategies used to promote tobacco nearly two-thirds (61.2%) of daily smokers started smoking
increased after the discussions. Number of students who at age 10 to 19. To lower the smoking prevalence in the long
had a positive, attractive image on tobacco smoking was run, it is of utmost importance to prevent youngsters from
reduced by 24% and students suggested to change the way smoking and educate them on the smoking hazards.
of responding towards tobacco users. Objectives
Conclusion(s) To commission and train the youngsters to become future
Interactive group discussions facilitated using health leaders in tobacco control, a tailor-made programme was
promotion approach are effective in reducing the attractive launched targeting the youth aged 14-18 in order to deter
image on tobacco smoking among Sri Lankan university them from picking up first cigarettes as well as empower
students. them to disseminate smoke-free messages among their
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A261 peers, family and community.
Since 2012, Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health
Improving awareness among teenagers about (COSH) organized the “Smoke-free Teens” programme
the “harmful effects of tobacco” and industrial every year comprising of training camps, smoke-free
strategies used to promote smoking programmes in schools and the community, alumni
Jathusha Kanmanirajah1, Laksi Mathanakumar1, Zahra Lafir1, scheme and summer internship. The participants were
Mervin Yalini1, Anojan Suthesuthan1, Nadeeka Rathnayake1, G.N. equipped with knowledge on tobacco control as well
Dumindha Guruge1 as different skills acting as ambassadors to organize
1
Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Applied Sciences, activities to penetrate smoke-free messages into schools
Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka and the community. COSH also commissioned the School
[email protected] of Nursing and School of Public Health of The University
Introduction of Hong Kong to conduct an evaluation on the programme.
The effects depend on the number of years that a person Results
smokes and the number of sticks the person smokes. Favourable attitude towards tobacco control was found after
Starting smoking earlier in life and smoking high amount the programme. Comparing the pre-camp and 6-month
of cigarettes increases the risk of chronic diseases. Thus follow-up survey in 2018-2019, significant increase was
the awareness should be provided to the young generation shown in the percentage of youths who agree that all
before tobacco reaches them. tobacco products should be banned (from 75.9% to 92.5%).
Objectives The programme also allowed majority of them (95.5%) to
To raise the knowledge of school students on harmful understand the benefits of a smoke-free lifestyle. Over the
effects of tobacco products including smokeless tobacco years, more than 2200 youngsters were trained. Around
and industrial strategies. 940 smoke-free programmes were held in schools and the
Methods community reaching over 230000 general public.
This study was conducted for selected school students in Conclusion(s)
Anuradhapura district. Convenient sampling method was The result showed that education is a significant part of
used. Participants were divided into groups according to tobacco control and a tailor-made programme for the
their grades. The opinions on smoking were assessed youth can sustain their pioneering role in tobacco control.
using an innovative tool called “mirror tool” which Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A263
compares the face of a smoker, non-smoker and a mirror. DOI: 10.18332/tid/141141
Then interactive group discussions were carried out
about the harm of tobacco usage and industrial strategies
Prevalence and correlates of tobacco use
used by the commercial groups to promote smoking. In
additionally some video clips and pictures were used to
among Indian students and their knowledge
illustrate short term and long term harms of smoking. of, attitudes towards, and perceptions about
Results tobacco use
The participants showed a tendency of improving Namita Patel1, Jeby Jose Olickal1
1
Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and
awareness of harmful effects on tobacco products through
Research, Pondicherry, India
the workshop. Knowledge of industrial strategies was [email protected]
improved among study participants. Introduction
Conclusion(s) In India, sales and advertisements of cigarettes and
Knowledge of harmful effects and industrial strategies can other tobacco products in an area within 100 yards of the
be improved among school students by improving their educational institution is prohibited, there are few data
understanding through interactive group discussions. offering the estimates of tobacco use among students in
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A262 India.
We did a secondary data analysis of nationally representative
Tailor-made programme empowers the youth sample of individuals from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey
to sustain pioneering role in disseminating in India (2016-17), which covered 74037 adult individuals,
smoke-free messages among peers, family and of which, 6134 (8.3%) were students. Participants were
the community asked about sociodemographics details followed by use
Lawrence Chu1, Antonio Kwong1, Vienna Lai1 of any form of tobacco product (smoking, smokeless and
1
Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health, Hong Kong, Hong both) during the previous 30 days. Students\' knowledge
Kong SAR PRC of, attitudes towards, and perceptions of tobacco use
[email protected]
114
were also assessed. Descriptive statistics and logistic routinely and the other half not using it routinely. The
regression models were adopted as analytical tools. majority of respondents have a positive perception of the
Results definition, contents, advantages, and disadvantages of
Overall prevalence of current tobacco use among e-cigarette use. Data showed a significant association
students was 4.1 % (95% CI 3.3%-4.9%). Prevalence of between the perception of the contents of e-cigarette with
current smoking and smokeless tobacco were 1.5% (95% the frequency of e-cigarette use (p<0,05).
CI 1.0%-2.0%) and 3% (95% CI 2.4%-3.8%) respectively. Conclusion(s)
Among current tobacco uses, 2.8% (95% CI 1.5%-4.9%) This research significantly showed that the University of
were moderately or heavily addicted to it. Tobacco use Indonesia students who use e-cigarette more routinely
was significantly higher among males [relative risk ratio have the perception that e-cigarette is dangerous. This
(RRR)=3.2, 95% CI 2.5-3.9], rural population (RRR=1.2, is thought to be caused by students commonly use
95% CI 1-1.5), the Christians (RRR=7.1, 95% CI 3.4-14.8), e-cigarette because of mere curiosity without any intention
married (RRR=1.9, 95% CI 1.4-2.6), and individuals living to cease smoking. It showed that the regulations related
in north eastern region (RRR=15.5, 95% CI 8.7-27.4) of to e-cigarette from the authorities are important in order
India. Among current users, 6.8% (95% CI 3.8%-11.8%) to reduce the frequency of e-cigarette use or even the
were not aware about the addictive nature of tobacco. number of e-cigarette users among university students.
Lack of knowledge about the selected hazards of tobacco Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A265
significantly affects tobacco use. DOI: 10.18332/tid/141143
Conclusion(s)
Prevalence of current tobacco use is 4% and every tenth Making creative vital contributors over
male student is currently using it. Lack of knowledge is one prevention
of the predictors of tobacco use. Targeted interventions at Nikini Dilmini Rathnayake1
the individual and community level for tobacco cessation, 1
ADIC, Colombo, Sri Lanka
along with policy measures to improve the knowledge [email protected]
amongst students, are required. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A264 Industry promotes tobacco in attractive ways. That is why
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141142 it is very important to immunize students against these
subtle advertising from young age. School children are the
The relationship between perception of target group for substance use curious, tend to succumb
advantages and disadvantages of electronic to peer pressure and could be influenced by the glamorous
indirect promotions through media. It is also intended
cigarette use on frequency of electronic
to get the youth to understand the hidden promotions
cigarette use among students at University of and agendas of the industry as expressed through the
Indonesia manipulative promotions in media and to improve their
Nathalia Isabella Muskitta1, Agus Dwi Susanto2
reaction skill over promotion.
1
Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia,
2
Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty Objectives
of Medicine, Persahabatan Hospital, University of Indonesia, Increase the awareness to understand the hidden
Jakarta, Indonesia promotions and agendas of the industry and to improve
[email protected] their reaction skill over promotion.
Public interest in e-cigarette has increased rapidly, We have selected 10 popular schools in 5 districts to
especially among university students. University students develop them as model schools and encourage other
aged 18-24 years belongs to the group of young adults who schools over prevention through them. We conducted a pre
are the most vulnerable group attracted to e-cigarette. evaluation to get an idea about their knowledge over harm
E-cigarette use can be influenced by various things, of tobacco, industrial strategies and promotions also how
one of the reasons is the perception of advantages and to react over promotions. So we decided to do our program
disadvantages of e-cigarette. mainly focusing over those and we visited all 10 schools in
Objectives every month to follow up. After giving them knowledge and
The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship helping over prevention, we did our post evaluation.
between perception of advantages and disadvantages of Results
e-cigarette use on frequency of e-cigarette use among According the post-evaluation their knowledge about
students at University of Indonesia. The results can be industrial strategies including media promotions has
used to make regulations regarding the use of e-cigarettes increased by 57% , and their reacting over promotions
among university students to achieve tobacco-free has been increased by 51%, also students have worked
educational institution. over deglamorizing tobacco over every special event at
Methods school in that year including Sports meet, Annual concert,
This research was conducted at University of Indonesia Big match, No tobacco day, Gatherings and Exhibitions.
between June 2018 and July 2019. The research used They even have conducted prevention activities outside of
cross-sectional design and purposive sampling technique. the schools, also did a prevention campaign over Social
The research questionnaire was distributed to 104 Medias.
University of Indonesia students aged 18-24 years who met Conclusion(s)
the eligibility criteria. Univar ate analysis was performed Frequent school visits and motivation over creative
to see the distribution of the e-cigarette users and the prevention works is the most effective method. It helps
chi-square test was performed to assess the relationship them to do prevention in an attractive way and to grow as
between variables. a creative active group inside and outside of the school.
About half (50%) of the respondents use e-cigarettes DOI: 10.18332/tid/141106
115
Empowering school students to reduce the (NTCP) across states in India, compliance enforcement and
attractiveness of tobacco use through health particularly compliance maintenance across educational
promotion principles in Anuradhapura District institutes in the states becomes a tedious process.
of Sri Lanka Objectives
Nimesha Karunarathna1, Asinsala Wijerathne1, Harsha Bandara1, To establish mobile-based enforcement and monitoring
Mohomad Rousan1, Subani Perera1, Nadeeka Rathnayake1, of ‘tobacco-free indicators’ at educational institutes in the
Duminda Guruge district of Puducherry.
1
Health promotion undergraduate, Department of Health Methods
Promotion, Rajarata university, Mihintale, Sri Lanka A mobile application that develops a virtual network among
[email protected] the state tobacco control managers, tobacco control field
Introduction enforcers, and the in-charges of educational institutes in
Tobacco smoking among school students is a major Puducherry is conceptualized. Data flow pathways between
global problem including in Sri Lanka. There are some the stakeholders, functionalities of the application and
contributing factors which encourage tobacco smoking tobacco-free indicators to be enforced and monitored
and substance abuse among students. using the application have been developed in collaboration
Objectives with the state tobacco control cell (STCC) authorities. The
The aim of the study was to reduce the attractiveness of application will be rolled out in collaboration with STCC
tobacco smoking among the students in Anuradhapura and department of education in two stages i.e. Pilot and
central college. Deployment. On addressing operational challenges in
Methods pilot phase, the moblie application’s deployment will be
We randomly selected 4 classrooms of Grades 8 and 9, integrated into the ongoing tobacco control activities.
both including 35 females and 70 male students in the The stakeholders will be trained by STCC authorities
school. We initiated this process in the "tobacco-free in compliance enforcement, reporting of compliance
school" week. We assessed their image of smoking (baseline and periodic), addressing violations and seeking
through group discussions conducted with them, and resource supports from STCC.
improved their knowledge of short term and long term Results
health impacts of smoking. We covered topics such as This application will enable remote enforcement and
sexual impotence and facial changes, company strategies, periodic assessment of compliance to ‘tobacco-free
media influence on tobacco use and economic harm. The indicators’, address the technical problems and other
students were empowered to take action to reduce smoking resources support raised by the in-charges of educational
and substance usage and discussed about the practical institutes, and undertake legal actions on the violations
processes to initiate action in school by getting their ideas of sections 4,5,6 of COTPA act towards achieving the
and suggestions. Data and changes were collected and ‘tobacco-free indicators’ at educational institutes in the
analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods. district. The compliance level across educational institutes
Results in the district will be obtained in real-time fashion.
Suggestions from the students showed high and improved Conclusion(s)
identification about the harmful effects of smoking Given the resource constraints for tobacco control in
and drug usage by 60%. Sixty-two percent of students Puducherry, establishing a mobile-based enforcement
expressed reduced attractiveness of smoking and 71.44% and monitoring mechanism is the need of the hour to
of students had improved understanding of tobacco achieve ‘tobacco-free status’ across educational institutes
company strategies and media influences on tobacco use. in the district.
Student suggestions included showing road dramas or Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A268
short dramas about harmful effects of tobacco and alcohol DOI: 10.18332/tid/141109
consumption, making policies at school level, establishing
counselling services for students who have become An anti-tobacco drive during local festivals in
addicted, and showing posters about harmful effects of
Maharashtra
drug use in public areas of school premises. Rajashree Kadam1, Deepak Patil1, Ajay Pilankar1
Conclusion(s) 1
Salaam Mumbai Foundation, Nariman Point, Mumbai, India
Empowering school students to reduce the attractiveness [email protected]
of smoking leads to some impressive suggestions which Introduction
are useful in changing smoking habits. Given the sheer number and significance of festivals and
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A267 events in the Indian context, Salaam Mumbai Foundation
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141107 (SMF) strategically utilized these social and cultural
platforms to disseminate tobacco control messages to
Mobile application to establish tobacco- reach out to large numbers of people across ages and
free educational institutes in the district of socio-economic strata.
Puducherry, South-India: A conceptual model Objectives
Parthibane Sivanantham1, Sitanshu Sekhar Kar1 Festivals are an effective platform to reach people and
1
Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and convey messages on tobacco prevention and control.
Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India Methods
[email protected] Since 2016, SMF has conducted mass campaigns during
Introduction festivals and events such as the Independence Day,
Currently, in India, enforcement of COTPA sections 4, Rakshabandhan, Ganeshotsav, Holi, and Diwali to reach out
5, 6 pertaining to establishing tobacco-free educational and work with school and community-level stakeholders
institutes are carried out by making in-person visits by as well as government authorities and decision makers.
tobacco control authorities. Given the prevailing inadequate Results
manpower in the National Tobacco Control Program SMF worked with government schools to integrate anti-
116
tobacco slogans and songs in these Independence day rallies the cigarette ads on banners increase the probability by
and issued a letter of support by the health department of 18.4 percent. However, students claimed that besides
Maharashtra. Nearly 10000 schools participated in this advertising, peer group influenced their intention to start
campaign, reaching around 10 lakh people in Maharashtra. smoking.
Rakshabandhan is a widely celebrated cultural festival in Conclusion(s)
which sisters tie a Rakhi (band) on their brothers’ wrist High exposure to cigarette advertising increases the
to symbolise the love and protection between siblings. probability of high school students to smoke. The estimation
This activity was conducted in 13 districts of Maharashtra of the vulnerability rate of students being a smoker per
where 125 students and teachers met 52 decision makers. research area provides information to develop policy on
During Ganeshotsav, in all 28 districts of Maharashtra, ban outdoor TAPS by area with the most vulnerability rate
SMF’s partner teachers and NGOs decorated the Ganapati of students’ smoking behavior.
pandal with anti-tobacco posters and also played anti- Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A270
tobacco messages during daily prayers (aarti). Public DOI: 10.18332/tid/141112
awareness activities including videos, anti-tobacco songs
and posters were displayed in the pandals. During Diwali Tobacco industries massive marketing: Target
festival sensitization of Anti-tobacco campaign was done university students
through the medium of Rangoli and lanterns. During the Samiul Hassan Shajib1, Aminul Islam Sujon2, Md. Abu Rayhan1,
occasion of holi, In 5 villages, SMF sensitized 1500 people Syeda Anonna Rahman3, Sazia Binte Saleh4
on tobacco use. Furthermore, 2100 schools participated in 1
Work for a Better Bangladesh Trust, Rayer Bazar, Dhaka,
this activity and reached 1 lakh people. Bangladesh, 2National Tobacco Control Cell, Dhaka, Bangladesh,
Conclusion(s)
3
Bangladesh Anti-Tobacco Alliance, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 4BBC
Media Action
Students and teachers are important stakeholders and can
[email protected]
deliver messages on such platforms.
Introduction
Smoking and Tobacco Products Uses (Control) Act
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141110
2005 has banned all sorts of tobacco advertisement,
promotion and sponsorship’s. Unfortunately, this section
“Looking at you makes me want to try”: of law is being ignored by the tobacco industries, TIs also
Cigarette ads; exposure and students’ smoking misled law among small and illiterate shop owners and
onset push them to display tobacco products at the points of
Rizanna Rosemary1, Heru Syah Putra2, Deni Yanuar1 sales. Dhanmondi is a mixed area through establishing
1
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Syiah universities, restaurants and fast-food shops, hospitals
Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 2Center for Innovative Government
and clinics, markets, banks, parlors, and residential
and Society Studies
[email protected] buildings. Thirteen Private Universities in Dhanmondi with
Introduction about 30 thousand students, teachers and officials.
The steadily increase of youth smokers in Banda Aceh Objectives
(44%) was contributed by the failing of existing district To find out advertisement method of TI among youth
regulation called Qanun Kota Banda Aceh tentang (Student) we conduct this observation.
Kawasan Tanpa Rokok or District Regulation on Smoke- Methods
Free Areas (No.5/2016) to hamper massive and appealing A simple survey has been conducted to know the tobacco
tobacco marketing; made up of advertising, promotion, marketing with targeting university students. This survey
and sponsorship (TAPS) remains accessible in all forms in conducted among all Private Universities situated in
outdoor areas (posters, billboards, LCD screens), in sales Dhanmondi area.
spaces, and even in direct promotion and marketing of Results
cigarettes by salesgirls targeting mostly youth. Among all universities, point of sales of tobacco products
Objectives is available in front of university buildings and/near to
Adolescents are the primary target of the tobacco the buildings, within 25 yards. This point of sales is a
industries’ marketing. Young people are vulnerable to special tobacco brand colored box provided by TIs which
the adverse effects of smoking, yet this remains under- front side is use for tobacco advertisement. 87% shops
documented. The study aims to assess and investigate display tobacco products, a form of tobacco advertisement,
the exposure of tobacco advertisements to adolescents’ which is banned by the tobacco control law. Poster, sticker,
probability to start smoking. leaflet, blank packet, brand color and logo, tobacco lighter
Methods with brand color, box with brand color are forms of display
We carried out a mixed-method using the Linear was found. TIs also doing other types of illegal promotional
Probability Model (LPM) test to measure the relationship activities, such as free distribution of cigarettes, game
between being exposed to tobacco advertisements with competition and provide winners free cigarettes, lighter,
the probability of students becoming a smoker. Focus t-shirt with brand colors, lower prices etc. During the
Group Discussions (FGDs) taken to qualitatively explore observation time in a day, buyers of tobacco products are
the effect of cigarette advertising on students’ smoking mostly students (93%).
behavior. The study is 365 students from 17 senior high Conclusion(s)
schools in Banda Aceh City, Indonesia. Government needs to take initiatives to conduct mobile
Results courts against law violation of tobacco control law. Also
The study found that cigarette advertising has a positive need to address and ban all sorts of tobacco advertisement
and significant effect on high school students’ smoking in front of universities and others educational institutions
behavior in Banda Aceh City. The presence of cigarette ads all around the country.
on billboards located near the school adds the probability Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A271
of students smoking onset by 12.4 percent, whereas DOI: 10.18332/tid/141113
117
Youth advocacy smoke-free state Islamic activity, and positively increased participants fun and
University Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta knowledge about disadvantages of smoking However,
Sarah Muthiah Widad1, Priska Maya Putri1 its success depended on a well-plan and active student
1
State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Ciputat, participation, but it did not have any prove in preventing
South Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia new smokers amomg teenagers.
[email protected] Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A273
Introduction DOI: 10.18332/tid/141117
State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta has a
smoking ban in the code of ethics for lecturers and students. Monitoring of tobacco free schools through
Smoke-free zone signs have been installed in each faculty.
smart phones
However, the implementation of the regulation is still very Tshering Doma Bhutia1, Abhiram Mehendale1, Narayan Lad1,
weak. Priti Vaishnav1
Objectives 1
Salaam Bombay Foundation, Nariman Point, Mumbai, India
Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. [email protected]
Methods Introduction
Descriptive qualitative method. Tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health
Results threats world has ever faced. Children being soft targets of
1. Students realize the importance of a non-smoking area tobacco industry as potential new users, creating tobacco
2. the chancellor forms a non-smoking regional task force. free environment in educational institutions where youth
Conclusion(s) spend a considerable time is the need of the hour.
Campus is an educational institution which is one of the Objectives
areas without cigarettes. To realize this, there needs to be Salaam Bombay Foundation has introduced android based
cooperation between the academic community by creating mobile application 'tobacco free schools' to monitor
a non-smoking regional task force. the schools implementing ‘Tobacco Free Educational
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A272 Institution’ (TEFI) guidelines released by government of
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141116 India.
Methods
Edutainment procedure to prevent initiation TFEI guidelines have 12 criteria to be fulfilled by
smoking in teenagers educational institution. SBF has collaborated with State
Sarawut Thongpaiwan1, Panisara Thongpaiwan1, Nupong Health Department of Maharashtra to provide technical
Jantawat1 assistance to monitor ‘Tobacco Free’ status of schools
1
Ministry of Public Health, Mueang Nonthaburi District, Thailand in Mumbai using android platform based 'Tobacco Free
[email protected] Schools' application. Unique identification number
Introduction abbreviated as UDISE number in India is to be used by each
The situation of smoking among youth aged 12-18 was school as login address and after the initial login using a
increased to 1 year. Hundred thousand people and system password; the concerned school can choose their
statistics, 10 Thai children who are addicted to smoking own password to secure the ‘Tobacco Free School’ data
will have 7 children who are addicted to smoking and oral submitted though application. Details of 12 criteria of TEFI
health problems. Including preventing new smokers to guidelines which include display of ‘Tobacco Free School’
know how to reject cigarettes when persuaded and develop and ‘Tobacco Free Area’ boards, restriction on tobacco
their self-defense skills use and sale of tobacco in premises and within 100 yards
Objectives of school, designating tobacco monitors from school staff
To investigate a new mean in preventing smoking initiation and students, conducting various tobacco control activities
in teenagers by using an edutainment method. at school viz. pledge, drawing/poster, quiz competition
Method etc. can be submitted by a school along with photographs
The study groups included 120 students, age 9-12 years, through this application.
lived in Bang Pla Ma District. Activities consisted of walk Results
rally emphasized on the content about refusal of cigarette Till date 643 schools have submitted the data and
smoking, messages of smoking hazards, diseases related photographs of criteria fulfilled. Based on the data and
to smoking, plaque staining, and introducing NoNo Rabbit photographs received, 457 have been awarded the 'Tobacco
(no smoking mascot). After attending the activities the Free' status.
questionnaire was carried out and data was collected. Data Conclusion(s)
was analysed using descriptive statistics. Use of mobile application is faster, user friendly way to
Results report and monitor school’s compliance to TEFI guidelines.
Participated students reported that they would say no Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A274
to smoking (80 percent), all of them can quote a motto DOI: 10.18332/tid/141118
of refusing smoking, satisfied with the activities (90%
percent). satisfied with the use of knowledge and could Capacity building of teachers: A key to success
use in daily life (95.83 percent). In addition 92.5 percent of
of Tobacco Free School campaign
them said that the duration of activities was appropriate, Tshering Doma Bhutia1, Abhiram Mehendale1, Narayan Lad1,
the project was useful and should be continued. Most of Priti Vaishnav1
participating schools indicated that they had plans to start 1
Salaam Bombay Foundation, Nariman Point, Mumbai, India
similar projects related to some aspect of tobacco control, [email protected]
“White School” project as an example. Introduction
Conclusion(s) Children spend about 6 hours of a day in school. Teachers
Edutainment procedure helped teenagers to better have considerable influence on children’s attitudes and
understand the harm of smoking. A good edutainment behaviour and often seen as positive role models. Capacity
118
building of teachers to enable them to lead tobacco free authors selected four grade seven classes included a total
schools initiatives is an effective way to protect children of 209 students. Using group activities, video clips, success
from tobacco. stories discussed about short term harmful effects, sexual
Objectives impotence, and passive smoking. They were guided to
To create awareness on tobacco ill-effects and advocate discuss about determinants effect for tobacco smoking
for tobacco free environment for children at schools, among students and they prioritized determinants to
Salaam Bombay Foundation (SBF) in collaboration with address. Incorrect attitudes about smoking among
Education Department of Maharashtra government students, company strategies were some determinants
launched 'Tobacco Free School' (TFS) campaign in Mumbai chose to address. Then discussed with them about false
government schools in 2017 expectations and behaviors, incorrect symbolic meanings,
Methods and negative image on non user and further discussed
Campaign began with sensitization of school principals about company strategies which promote smoking near
who were asked to identify nodal teachers to lead 'Tobacco schools, in schools and in media. Data were collected
Free School' campaign for their schools. SBF organized using focus group discussions according to a guideline
sensitization workshops for nodal teachers in Mumbai, and qualitative and quantitative methods were used to
Thane, Pune, Kolkata, Jaipur and Bangalore. Trained analyze the changes.
nodal teachers conducted tobacco control workshops for Results
the students of 7th to 9th grades. School Balpanchayats Knowledge on harmful effects of smoking and company
(Councils of students) having 8 members were also strategies were improved among students. And 73% of
formed at each school to lead school and community level students were identified methods of company strategies
awareness activities and work to fulfill eight TFS criteria and 65% started to write them in innovative tools called
under the guidance of nodal teachers. ‘media book’. They disseminated their knowledge and
Results experience with collogues, family, and children societies.
244139 children from 637 were reached through anti- At the beginning 52.4% identified smokers as heroes, 9.6%
tobacco awareness workshops conducted by teachers. don’t care about smoking, 38% identified smoking as a
42,010 children created posters on 'Tobacco Free School, stupid behavior but after the interventions and activities
Clean School' through participation in drawing competition all students (100%) thought smoking as a stupid behavior.
during Children's Day. 7622 students participated in anti- Conclusion(s)
tobacco rallies organized in communities around schools. Using effective health promotion approach, the attraction
5636 students pledged to stay away from tobacco. Other for tobacco smoking among school students can be
awareness activities conducted in schools and communities reduced.
included essay competitions, rangoli drawing, street plays, Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A276
oral health check-ups etc. 221 schools fulfilled all TFS DOI: 10.18332/tid/141121
criteria and were entitled as ‘Tobacco Free Schools’.
Conclusion(s) Media campaign for law enforcers for sustained
Tobacco Free school campaign involving teachers is implementation of tobacco control laws in Delhi
effective and efficient tool to create anti-tobacco awareness Somil Rastogi1, Sanjay Seth1, Rajender Sen1
among children, communities and stakeholders. Success 1
of campaign through tobacco control workshops and [email protected]
awareness activities is a strong evidence to advocate for Introduction
'National Level Tobacco Free Schools’ campaign. Police is the main enforcement agency for general laws
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A275 related to public. But public health issues like Tobacco
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141119 Control are not in the priority list of this agency. Delhi Police
headed by a Commissioner is divided administratively into
Using effective health promotion interventions 2 zones, 7 ranges and 15 districts covering 19 million
to reduce attractiveness for tobacco smoking population of capital city of India.
among school students in Sri Lanka Objectives
W.G. Nadeesha Sewwandi1, M.W.D.S. Ranasinghe1, R. Kanapathy1, Sensitization and motivation of these 25 key officials of
S. Viyasan1, Sujani Preethika2, Nadeeka Rathnayake1, R.M. Saman Delhi Police for enforcement of tobacco control laws
Kumara3, G.N. Duminda Guruge1 Sustained action on enforcement by the Police which is
1
Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka, 2Save very critical for effective tobacco control in Delhi.
the Children, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 3Child protection authority, Methods
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, Sri Lanka More than 1000 Media stories on print, digital and electronic
[email protected]
media were released on issues related to tobacco in Delhi
Introduction
from year 2017 to till date. Action taken by Delhi Police
Majority of lifelong smokers begin smoking habits during
was highlighted in media to motivate them. Two press
school age. School years makes a critical time for tobacco
conferences were organized with the Delhi Police and
companies to convince school students to pick up the habit
their commitment towards the cause was reinforced. A
of cigarette smoking.
Social Media campaign was also launched specially on
Objectives
Twitter as key officials of Delhi Police have official Twitter
This study aimed to empower school students using
handles. They were tagged on anti tobacco messages.
health promotion approach to avoid smoking by reducing
They were also tagged on Tweets with photos of violations
attraction for tobacco consumption.
in their respective jurisdiction and public reactions on
Methods
Police action. These were all noticed by these officials. An
This study was carried out in a secondary mix school
exclusive monthly newsletter was also shared with the key
namely Walisinghe Harischandra MahaVidyalaya in Sri
officials to update them on issues related to tobacco along
Lanka. Using simple random sampling method; the
119
with a table of zone, range and district-wise fines made by Mobilizing National Service Scheme (NSS)
the Police. Volunteers for Tobacco Control in India
Results Arvind Mathur1, Sanjay Seth1, Ashima Sarin1
The media activity helped in creating sustained 1
Sambandh Health Foundation, Haryana, India
enforcement activity by for tobacco control laws. More than [email protected]
122 thousand persons were fined by the Police for violating Introduction
tobacco control laws between June 2017 and September The National Service Scheme (NSS) is an Indian Government
2019. sponsored public service scheme conducted by the Ministry
Conclusion(s) of Youth Affairs and Sports, aimed at developing student
Targeted Media campaign to motivate and sensitize the personalities through community service. Young people in
most important law enforcement agency leads to better colleges, universities and in 12th standard volunteer their
enforcement and compliance levels of tobacco control services. At State-level NSS is run by state governments
laws and thus to positive social behavior change in the with each university having a NSS Coordinator under
community. whom school and college based NSS “units” operate. Each
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A277 Unit is managed by a Program Officer (PO) and has about
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141283 100 volunteers. NSS volunteers who have served NSS for
at least 2 years and have performed 240 hours of work
The impact of presence and dearth of mass under NSS are entitled to a certificate from the University.
media campaigns on waterpipe smoking: A case As an existing large organization of youth focused on social
service, the challenge was to motivate them to work on
study
Rajeshree Gokhale1
tobacco control activities.
1
Department of Business Practices, Brihan Maharashtra College Objectives
of Commerce, Pune, India The goal was not just to get a large volunteer force
[email protected] working on tobacco control activities, but also to protect
Introduction the volunteers and their fellow students, themselves a
Waterpipe smoking is emerging as a new tobacco epidemic vulnerable group, from using tobacco.
and it's imperative to get a synergistic approach of handling Methods
the same as it is gaining more popularity amongst the Workshops were held to sensitize NSS POs impacted by
younger adults. India has come out with several good the burden tobacco users paid. They took up the “Pledge
initiatives like the waterpipe smoking regulation bill as for Life – Tobacco-free Youth” campaign and they and NSS
well as recently a notification to put up warnings in hotels volunteers organized anti-tobacco events such as giving
and restaurants about the potential harm of the same. the pledge to students, doing street plays, rallies, poster
Objectives competitions and even warning tobacco vendors not to
However there is need for creating more awareness of the sell near educational institutions. After a pilot starting
harm of the same especially amongst first time users. This August 2018 with three Universities in Assam, the Ministry
paper depicts the case study of understanding the impact of Youth Affairs endorsed the campaign and it has been
of the trailers and posters of movies on the youth on one taken to the states of Delhi, Maharashtra, West Bengal
hand and the analysis of the mass media campaigns of and Karnataka.
tobacco harm on the other. Results
Methods By the end of September 2019, NSS units from 540 colleges
Youth were asked to analyze the trailors and posters of had participated and 7312 NSS Volunteers had organized
movies showing waterpipe smoking scenes in them and 947 events during which they sensitized more than 176000
a questionnaire was administered to check the impact of students.
the same on them. They were also asked to review some Conclusion(s)
of the mass media campaigns of tobacco harm showcased Youth groups are a tremendous force for change. Enlisting
on different mediums. youth groups like NSS can be a game-changer in tobacco
Results control.
The findings revealed that the youth who watched the trailor Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A279
and the posters of the movies did not perceive the same to DOI: 10.18332/tid/141285
be harmful. They further reasoned that there was no public
health campaign against hookah by the authorities. A mobile app based solution for implementing
Conclusion(s) tobacco free educational institutions (ToFEI)
Thus the warning messages should be extended to guidelines
advertising material like posters and trailers as well to Sanjay Seth1, Ashima Sarin1, Arvind Mathur1
minimize the reach and coverage of this glamorization. 1
Sambandh Health Foundation, Haryana, India
Also there is apathy in mass media campaigns against [email protected]
hookah smoking. The tobacco and other products do Introduction
definitely address the harm issue but waterpipe is often The Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (MoHFW),
neglected and this needs to be addressed. Social media Government of India, issued a Revised Guidelines for
can be harnessed for the same and endorsements by Tobacco Free Educational Institution on 31st May 2019 with
celebrities against waterpipe smoking can be used by the objective of providing a fresh momentum to tobacco
educational institutes in their fight against tobacco. control initiatives among adolescents and young adults
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A278 and are meant to be used by all Educational Institutions
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141284 (EIs). The new Guidelines replaced the earlier ones issued
in 2008, which had had challenges in implementation.
Though the Guidelines prescribed many activities, the main
focus is a Scorecard requires 9 activities to be done by each
120
EI. 3 of the activities are “mandatory”. With 1.6 million EIs activities to sensitize 42270 people about tobacco.Many of
in India the sheer numbers make implementation of any the activities were reported in the media.
campaign for EIs a huge challenge. Conclusion(s)
Objectives Vast majority of children initiate tobacco in their teens. More
To develop a methodology for getting the new Guidelines than a lecture in the class, it is important that the students
implemented on a mass scale. must participate in the activities in order to prevent them
Methods from inculcating the habit of tobacco consumption. Such
Sambandh Health Foundation (SHF) developed an campaigns where youth is participating will bring effective
approach comprising of two parts (1) a Standard Operating results and will reduce demand.
Procedure (SOP) for physically running the program (ii) A Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A281
mobile application (App) was to enable each EI to report DOI: 10.18332/tid/141287
the activity For the App each activity is conducted so that a
picture provides evidence for verification. The picture(s) are Achievement of tobacco free schools in India
uploaded and the app emails a confirmation immediately and its role in preventing tobacco initiation
to the EI. Periodically the Scorecard is emailed to each among adolescents
EI. Compliance records used to monitor and drive the Murali Dhar1, Mayanka Ambade1
program. 1
International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
Results [email protected]
SHF’s SOPs had earlier been used for implementing only Introduction
the mandatory activities in over 300000 EIs in various Adolescent is a gateway not only for many physiological,
states. The app was tested for one activity in Assam where psychological changes but also for substance abuse
18000 schools conducted the activity in which 1.5 million including initiation of tobacco habits. In this view and
students participated. Pictures from every school verified increasing prevalence of tobacco use towards the end
that the activity had actually been done. of the twentieth century, the WHO came out with Global
Conclusion(s) Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) in 1999. The ultimate goal
Smartphones are available in every EI and technology can of GYTS is to monitor the extent and pattern of tobacco
help implement programs conveniently and at low cost. use among youth age 13-15 years and thereby adding to
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A280 the policy planning towards the elimination of tobacco
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141286 menace. In India, three rounds of GYTS conducted in 2003,
2006 and 2009 provided the estimates only at the national
Motivating youth to mobilize community to work level. Fourth round currently under-way and expected
in tobacco control in Karnataka, India to complete by March, 2020 is a comprehensive one and
Pramod Kumar1, Somil Rastogi1, Ashima Sarin1 designed to provide the estimates at the state level by
1
Sambandh Health Foundation, Haryana, India urban/rural and sex. During the past two decades, there
[email protected] have been many policy initiatives by the Government of
Introduction India towards the prevention of tobacco use and ‘tobacco-
National Service Scheme (NSS) is a Ministry of Youth free schools’ is one of them.
Affairs scheme for schools & colleges students. They are Objectives
volunteer for social work which is led by a Program Officer. To assess the extent of achievement of tobacco free schools
We have involved University of Karnataka in tobacco control and their role in the prevention of tobacco initiation.
activities. Over Fifty thousands of NSS volunteers have Methods
accepted the leadership for a good cause and shown their Data collection is a self-administered questionnaire-based
interest to do anti –tobacco activities. volunteers work on using multiple-choice questions relating to tobacco use
various social issues such as cleanliness, disaster issues, among the students and also on adherence to anti-tobacco
etc. The challenge is to get their regular focus on tobacco guidelines by the schools. Confidentiality and anonymity
control activities were ensured. Appropriate bi-variate and multiple
Objectives regression methods will be applied to achieve objectives
To motivate National Service Scheme youth oriented Results
groups to work in tobacco control to reduce prevalence in Preliminary analysis of partial data has shown good
the Karnataka state. adherence of the guidelines by the schools and a sharp
Methods decline in almost all forms of tobacco use among youth.
As an intervention a workshop with the NSS was conducted However, there was weak association between the two
with different University of Karnataka 332 Teachers and indicating the role of social, psychological and family
approx 64000 volunteers from 332 colleges participated background related variables.
in the 8 workshops. They all were sensitized on the issue Conclusion(s)
of tobacco epidemic. There was a detailed discussion Need of the hour is to enforce the anti – tobacco policies in
on solutions to tackle this epidemic in Karnataka. From totality and more aggressively and also to focus on the role
each college, one TCL and one SML from volunteers were of other social, psychological and family aspects of youth
assigned for expansion of anti-tobacco activities in their population that may be contributing to tobacco initiation.
respective colleges in Karnataka. A WhatsApp group was Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A282
also created for them to share the activities. We have DOI: 10.18332/tid/141288
provided one link for their Activity Report. This also was
tweeted on Social media through @pleg4life.
Results
Our Pleg4life campaign for tobacco control has played
significant role in sensitizing Community people and youth.
August-November 2019,1157 Volunteers conducted 182
121
Tobacco free public transport campaign by Introduction

youth leaders: Case story of BEST buses in Text messaging (SMS) smoking cessation programs
Mumbai can reach a large amount of cigarette smokers and are
Tshering Doma Bhutia1, Abhiram Mehendale1, Narayan Lad1, effective in increasing quit rates, but their efficacy has not
Priti Vaishnav1 yet been explored in Vietnam.
1
Salaam Bombay Foundation, Mumbai, India Objectives
[email protected] To develop and test the feasibility, acceptability, and
Introduction preliminary effect of a bidirectional SMS cessation
Section 5 of Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products intervention among smokers in Vietnam.
Act (COTPA, 2003) of India prohibits direct and indirect Methods
advertisements of tobacco products. Despite this, A two-arm pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted
surrogate product advertisements were prevalent on BEST in Ha Noi to compare a 6-week bidirectional SMS cessation
buses in Mumbai. BEST bus is a major public transport program (intervention) and weekly text assessments of
system having about 4600 buses running across various smoking status (control) among 98 adult male cigarette/
routes and has a workforce of around 45000 including bus waterpipe smokers. Baseline, 6 weeks, and 3 months
drivers, conductors and office staff. Tobacco use among surveys were conducted. Outcomes were feasibility,
BEST employees was also found to be very high with 42% acceptability, biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence
employees consuming tobacco. abstinence, and smoking behavior.
Objectives Results
In order to make BEST ‘tobacco free’ SBF trained student 100% enrolled participants retained over the intervention.
leaders of 350 schools in Mumbai initiated sensitization Participants’ assessment of the SMS program was
programme with BEST authorities and staff to make BEST positive: 90% reported that the program was “very helpful”
buses and depots tobacco free. or “somewhat helpful”; 98% were “very satisfied” or
Methods “satisfied” with the program; 96% reported the program
To create awareness on harms of tobacco and tobacco was easy to use and learned a lot from the program; 94%
control law, student leaders from 350 schools of Mumbai reported that the text messages motivated and helped
reach out to BEST bus depots around schools every them to quit. Biochemically verified abstinence was
year and conduct tobacco control sessions with BEST statistically higher in intervention group than the control
bus drivers, conductors and support staff making use of group at 6 weeks (20.8% vs. 2.0%; p<0.01), but decreased
posters, banners, charts and information sheets. Through and not significantly different at 3 months (12.5% vs.
sessions, BEST staff is made aware about important facts 5.9%; p>0.05). Mean number of cigarettes smoked per
about tobacco use in India, ill effects of tobacco on health, day reduced significantly: 15.4 cigarette and 14.3 times
tobacco control law of India and prominent stakeholders of waterpipe use among intervention group at baseline
involved decreased to 5.8 cigarettes and 5.3 times of waterpipe use
Results at 3 months.
Through sensitization sessions, student leaders reached Consclusions
out to about 38000 BEST employees working at 19 bus The SMS smoking cessation program was feasible,
depots across Mumbai. Due to advocacy by student acceptable and showed positive preliminary effectiveness
leaders, tobacco cessation centers were established in to increase quit rates among Vietnamese smokers. A large
BEST bus depots. About 5000 BEST quit tobacco after scale expansion of the SMS cessation program is needed
receiving cessation counseling. Surrogate tobacco product to provide support for smoking cessation in Vietnam.
advertisements from 3600 buses were removed due to Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A284
continuous advocacy efforts of student leaders with senior DOI: 10.18332/tid/141608
BEST authorities.
Conclusion(s) Inhabitants’ attitudes towards smoking
Tobacco industry finds ways to circumvent tobacco control and their perceptions of smoking cessation
laws prohibiting product advertisements. Surrogate
campaign in the communities
advertising have been effectively used on public transport Piyawan Kuwalairat1, Rarin Sornkate2, Win Winit-Watjana3
vehicles to advertise tobacco brands. Targeted advocacy 1
Pharmacy Department, Paknam-Chumphon Hospital,
with stakeholders has proved effective in curbing surrogate Chumphon Province, Thailand, 2Nursing Department, Paknam-
advertisements at public transport systems. Chumphon Hospital, Chumphon Province, Thailand, 3Faculty of
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A283 Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok,
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141289 Thailand
[email protected]
Introduction
Covid-19 and Tobacco control A success in smoking cessation campaign has an impact
on people’s smoking behaviors. The campaign is also
affected by their attitudes and perceptions, which are not
Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary
fully explored in rural communities.
effectiveness of a text messaging intervention Objectives
for smoking cessation in Vietnam This study aimed to investigate inhabitants’ attitudes toward
Nam Nguyen1, Trang Nguyen1, Lorien Abroms2, Hue Doan3,
smoking and their perceptions of a smoking cessation
Donna Shelley4
1
Institute of Social and Medical Studies, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2School
campaign in the communities, and to compare differences
of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, in attitudes and perceptions between inhabitants who were
United States, 3Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, current smokers and non-smokers.
Thai Nguyen, Vietnam, 4School of Global Public Health, New Methods
York University, New York, United States A cross-sectional survey was conducted in inhabitants who
122
were 15 years old or over living in Paknam-Chumphon PMI also sought to suggest Codentify was independent by
subdistrict during July – November 2020. They were selling some parts of its intellectual property on Codentify
selected and interviewed using a structured questionnaire. while retaining others. In Africa, British American Tobacco
The inhabitants’ characteristics and smoking data with used payments to obtain data suggesting its smaller
attitudes and perceptions were collected and analyzed. A competitor companies were evading taxes and secure
subgroup analysis based on smokers and non-smokers influence with tax authorities. Regulatory capture has been
was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test or Chi- enhanced by a public relations effort involving TI funding
Square test. for conferences, training, research, and international
Results police and anti-corruption organisations.
A total of 395 persons were interviewed. Slightly more than Conclusion(s)
half were female (57.7%) and the mean age was 48.5 years Governments should assume the TI seeks to control T&T
(SD=15.4). Half of them were current smokers (49.4%) systems in order to avoid scrutiny and minimise excise tax
with on average 5.37 pack-year smoking history. Nearly payments and that any T&T system based on Codentify, on
one-third (30.9%) already made quit attempts in the past intellectual property currently or previously owned by the
and two-thirds (67.3%) were secondhand smokers in the TI, or being promoted or implemented by companies with
communities. They strongly agreed with smoking cessation TI links, is incompatible with the ITP and would not serve
with the mean score of 3.9 (SD=0.9); the non-smokers to reduce illicit trade.
had significantly higher scores than the current smokers Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A286
(4.2 vs. 3.8, p=0.001). Regarding their perceptions, 87.6% DOI: 10.18332/tid/141617
perceived the existing smoking cessation campaign and
its benefits, as well as the key persons aiding a smoking- Tobacco use among migrant construction
free community and persuasion of others to quit smoking. workers in Kancheepuram by using GATS India
The non-smokers perceived some issues more than the Survey Questionnaire
smokers. A few issues, i.e., no-smoking areas and media N. Nagappan1
campaigns, were less perceived and should be improved. 1
Chettinad Dental College and Research Institute, Kancheepuram,
Conclusion(s) India
Most inhabitants had positive attitudes towards quitting [email protected]
smoking and good perceptions of the campaign in the Introduction
communities. Some of the smokers quit or tried to quit The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that
smoking. smoking causes about 4 million deaths worldwide each
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A285 year. This number is expected to exceed 8 millions by 2030.
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141613 India is one of the largest consumer of tobacco in the world,
producing a heavy burden of smoking-related diseases.
Objectives
Groundbreaking & Emerging Knowledge To assess the prevalence and determinants of tobacco use
among migrant construction workers by using GATS India
Tobacco industry’s elaborate attempts to Survey Questionnaire.
Methods
control a global track and trace system and
A cross-sectional descriptive study was done on 1400
fundamentally undermine the protocol to construction workers in Kancheepuram district. They
eliminate illicit trade of tobacco products were selected by multistage random sampling by using the
Allen Gallagher1, Anna Gilmore1, Andy Rowell1
Global Adult Tobacco Survey India individual questionnaire.
1
University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
[email protected] Results
Introduction A total of 1400 construction workers enrolled and
The Illicit Trade Protocol (ITP) requires a global track and completed the questionnaire. Among that 69% and 31%
trace (T&T) system to reduce tobacco smuggling. Given the were male and female, respectively. The prevalence of
tobacco industry’s (TI) historical involvement in tobacco current tobacco use was 44%, smokeless tobacco use was
smuggling, it stipulates that T&T ‘shall not be performed 29%, smoke tobacco use was 19% and alcohol consumption
by or delegated to the tobacco industry’. use 39%.
To explore the rationale for and nature of the TI’s efforts to The prevalence and determinants observed in the present
influence the ITP & its T&T system. study needs to further elucidate the role of various risk
Methods factors among the migrant workers. We recommend
Analysis of leaked TI documents and publicly available implementation of comprehensive targeted interventions
data; investigation of front groups, trademark and patent addressing risk factors for smoking.
ownership. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A287
Evidence indicates that the TI remains involved in tobacco
smuggling and that TI cigarettes account for around two- Gender-responsive approach in national
thirds of the illicit cigarette market. The TI therefore has smoking cessation services for Korean women
a vested interest in controlling the global T&T system smokers
aimed to curtail this behaviour. To this end, Philip Morris Kang-Sook Lee1, Ahnna Lee2, Dahyeon Lee2, Hyeju Ahn3, Hyun-
International (PMI) adapted its pack marker system, Kyung Lee3, Hyekyeong Kim4, Jakyoung Lee5, Hong-Gwan Seo6
Codentify, to meet T&T requirements, licensed it for free to
1
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, The
Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, 2Department of Public
its three major competitors who then collectively promoted
Health, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul,
it to governments using front groups and third parties. Korea, 3Korean Association on Smoking or Health, Seoul, Korea,
123
4
Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, 31, 2016. Information was obtained on demographics,
Seoul, Korea, 5Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, rurality status, smoke-free policy status, substance use
Seoul, Korea, 6Department of Family Medicine, National Cancer history, psychiatric diagnosis, and history of tobacco
Center, Seoul, Korea
use. Logistic and multilinear regression analyses were
[email protected]
performed to examine factors associated with tobacco use
Introduction
and consumption, stratified by urban and rural status.
To prevent an increase in women smoking prevalence,
Results
gender-responsive measures for tobacco control are
Tobacco users were significantly more likely to reside in
necessary particularly in the changing social context
rural as compared to urban settings (67.2% vs. 58.8%;
regarding gender.
p<0.001). Factors significantly associated with tobacco
Objectives
use among the urban population were male sex, history of
The purpose of this study is to identify factors associated
substance use and treatment, and externalizing disorder.
with the use of national smoking cessation services in
Among the rural population, history of substance use and
Korean women smokers.
treatment, less than high school education, decreasing
Methods
age, and shorter length of hospital stay increased the risk
From an online panel 708 Korean women smokers over
of tobacco use. White, less than high school education,
the age of 19 were sampled. We used self-designed
and psychotic disorder were significantly correlated with
questionnaire for mental health, tobacco-related
greater tobacco consumption in the urban population.
characteristics and motivation ruler for quitting smoking,
For the rural population, male and less than high school
concerns about weight gain and need for gender-specific
education were positively associated with increased
smoking cessation services. Multiple logistic regression
tobacco consumption.
and analysis of variance with multiple comparisons were
Conclusion(s)
used for analysis.
Although rural patients with PDs are more likely to use
Results
tobacco, they face similar risk factors as compared to their
Only 73 women smokers had used national smoking
urban counterparts. This suggests the need to increase
cessation services. The factors associated with the use
access to treatment for rural individuals with PDs to
of national smoking cessation services were a history of
reduce such disproportionate tobacco use prevalence and
pregnancy and child birth, depression, use of heat-not-
related disease risk.
burn and multiple tobacco use, parental smoking status
and receiving advice to quit. With regard to the motivation
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141622
ruler, those aged 19-29 found it least important. Weight
gain concerns when quitting smoking had the highest
importance among the participants aged 40-49. As for Effectiveness of a multicomponent strategy for
the needs to develop gender-specific smoking cessation implementing guidelines for treating tobacco
programs, the scores in aged 40-49 were higher than use in Vietnam commune health centers
those aged 19-29. Nam Nguyen1, Donna Shelley2, Trang Nguyen1, Hoang Minh3,
Charles Cleland4
Conclusion(s) 1
Institute of Social and Medical Studies, Hanoi, Vietnam, 2School
This study suggested several factors related to the use of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, United
of national smoking cessation services in Korean women States, 3Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam, 4School
smokers. Therefore, future studies should be conducted of Medicine, New York University, New York, United States
for specific needs of developing gender-responsive quit- [email protected]
smoking policies. Introduction
Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A288 Strategies are needed to increase implementation of
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141620 evidence-based guidelines for treating tobacco use in
health care systems in low and middle-income countries
Associations of tobacco use and consumption (LMICs).
with rurality among patients with psychiatric Objectives
disorders To present outcomes from Vietnam Quits (VQUIT), a cluster
Man Yau1, Chizimuzo Okoli2 randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness
1
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada, of two multicomponent implementation strategies for
2
College of Nursing, University of Kentucky, Lexington, United increasing adoption of guideline recommended tobacco
States dependence treatment (TDT) in commune health centers
[email protected] (CHCs) in Vietnam.
P e o p l e w i t h p s y c h i a t r i c d i s o rd e r s ( P D s ) a re We randomized 26 CHCs into two arms. Arm 1 included
disproportionately affected by tobacco use and its training and system changes to promote delivery of the
associated harms. Although several unique risk factors 4As (Ask about tobacco use, Assess readiness to quit,
are known for this population, few studies have examined Advise smokers to quit, Assist with brief counseling). Arm
differences based on urban or rural residence. 2 included Arm 1 components plus a referral to a trained
Objectives village health worker (VHW) for 3 sessions of in-person
We aim to examine factors associated with tobacco use cessation counseling. The primary outcome was provider
and consumption among rural and urban patients with adoption of the 4As, and in Arm 2 sites, rates of referral to
PDs. the VHW at the end of the intervention period (12 months).
Methods Results
This is a retrospective correlational study using clinical Adoption of each of the 4As increased significantly across
data of 2,060 patients admitted to a government inpatient both study arms (all p<.001). In Arm 2 sites, 41% of
psychiatric facility between January 1, 2016 and December smokers were referred to a VHW for additional counseling.
124
Waterpipe users were less likely to receive support for

quitting compared with dual and cigarette only smokers.
Patients who received VHW counseling plus provider-
delivered 4As (Arm 2) were significantly more likely to
achieve biochemically confirmed smoking abstinence at 6
months compared to patients who received provider brief
counseling alone (Arm 1).
Conclusion(s)
The study demonstrated the effectiveness of a
multicomponent strategy for implementing evidence-
based TDT that leveraged the public health care delivery
system in Vietnam to increase access to treatment.
Bridging provider delivered screening and brief counseling
with opportunities for more in depth VHW-driven treatment
may optimize access and outcomes and offers a potentially
scalable model for increasing access to treatment in health
care systems like Vietnam.
DOI: 10.18332/tid/141623
125
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY PARK of CRETE (STEP-C)
100, N. Plastira str., Vassilika Vouton, 70013, Heraklion, Crete
0030 2810.3917.14 | [email protected] www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org

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13th ASIA PACIFIC CONFERENCE ON TOBACCO OR HEALTH

Aims and Scope

Full Journal Title:

Impact factor 2020:

Editors-in-Chief Takashi Hanioka, Department of Preventive and Public

Associate Editors Asgeir R. Helgason, Department of Public Health

POLICY, INNOVATIONS & THE END GAME......................................................................................................29

drivers and general male population in Mumbai, India...................................................................................................... 50

OFFERING HELP TO QUIT TOBACCO AND NICOTINE ADDICTION............................................................ 69

CAMPAIGNS, MEDIA & YOUTH IN THE TRANSFORMING WORLD..............................................................97

COVID-19 AND TOBACCO CONTROL............................................................................................................ 122

GROUNDBREAKING & EMERGING KNOWLEDGE........................................................................................ 123

2019. All public places in Kuala Lumpur are gazetted as

contributes to achieving each government priority, were Conclusion(s)

Results tertiary care facility.

Conclusion(s) industry tactics among the youngsters.

are indicated. However, the effectiveness of lifestyle Objectives

counter issues. Chiang World Heritage tourism areas until it became

Results Tob. Induc. Dis. 2021;19(Suppl 1):A38

Objectives interventions. All children (100%, n=17) who implemented

E-cigarettes: Gateway to tobacco addiction chemicals in tobacco as measured by nicotine.

[email protected] and their 95% CI. The multinomial logistic regression

increase the compliance. Results

of heads of households changed their smoking status in a and sustainable efforts.

facebook or line as a PR channel. But it is inadequate Passengers views on smoke-free provisions of

Results effectiveness in preventing teenagers from smoking.

promotion and sponsorship (TAPS) since 1982. Tobacco Objectives

Funding form was developed to record the number,relevant

implementing tobacco control programs, although it did Results

reduction of tobacco prevalence from GATS-1 (2009-10) to Objectives

Health, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Kumara Raja1

Methods Using intention-to-treat analysis, on average 40.9%

hospitals. The average quit rate was 25.9%. Appropriate 1

smoking after discharge. Multivariate logistic regression smokers with schizophrenia.

Nepal, 3Department of Internal Medicine, B.P. Koirala Institute tobacco consumption.

Results intervention the sperm characteristics improved with

Conversations, counselling and change making: Introduction

without relapsing as indicated by the WHO criteria. Department, Bangkok, Thailand

quit. Health professionals who smoke should be both [email protected]

Results Smoking cessation and glycemic control among

Developing a two-way short message service affecting patients’ motivation to quit.

Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka

were asked to observe their Facebook walls on tobacco Conclusion(s)

to drive the campaign. Thus District Education Officers 1

Research, Puducherry, India e-cigarette discussions by Australian Twitter users.

discussions, the knowledge on short and long term health Introduction

Tobacco free public transport campaign by Introduction

Waterpipe users were less likely to receive support for

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