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    Chapter 2 Formatting of EIA

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    Chapter 2 Formatting of EIA

    Uploaded by

    omed muhammad
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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    8 views17 pages

    Chapter 2 Formatting of EIA

    Uploaded by

    omed muhammad

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17

    MKA 1013: Environmental Assessment

    and Management System

    Chapter 2: Formatting of EIA

    www.utm.my innovative ● entrepreneurial ● global 1


    Check-list
    • A reminder of all possible relationships and
    impacts – out which the significant issues are
    assessed/ analyzed in detail.
    • Stimulates investigation.

    Project Activities Environmental Impact


    1.Construction
    •Landclearing •soilerosion
    •Etc….. •Dust
    •Noise..

    2.Operation
    •Wastewater • water quality
    •Etc…. • odour

    www.utm.my innovative ● entrepreneurial ● global 2


    • Leopold matrix by Dr. Luna Leopold
    • X – axis – all development activities
    • Y – axis – all relevant environmental components
    • Each intersection can be used to indicate a possible impact
    or give ratings of magnitude and importance.
    Project Activities

    Environmental component Ratings (1,2,3,or 4)

    Where:
    1. Significant environmental enhancement
    2. Potentially significant adverse impact for which a design solution has been
    identified
    3. Potentially significant adverse impact – insufficient data/information to make
    any reliable prediction.
    4. Significant adverse residual impact.

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    Example:

    Land clearing Earthwork …..

    Water 2 2
    Air 2 2
    Noise 2 2
    ….. .. ..
    …… .. ..
    Human employment 1 1

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    Sequence:

    Project Activities Significant Proposed mitigating Residual DOE’s


    Source of Pollution * environmental measures * Impacts * Comment *
    Impacts *
    2. Impacts during
    the operation
    phase
    a) Wastewater
    discharge
    • an estimated 2422
    m3/d of wastewater
    will be discharged
    by development.

    *Notes: Filling out a matrix is not equivalent to performing an EIA - A matrix can
    systematically identify potential important impacts warranting more careful
    attention.

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    6. Prediction Methods and Models.

    • Extrapolation, interpolation, and analogy.


    • Model.
    • Standards.
    • Capacity and threshold concept.

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    DETAILED EIA
    PROCEDURAL STEPS/METHODOLOGY
    1. Terms of reference (TOR) – given by the review
    panel.
    2. Selection of Methods – not specified; references
    given.
    3. Env’al data collection – from existing sources or
    mostly from env’al data collection programs
    (baseline studies) – done during feasibility studies.
    4. Public participation.

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    DETAILED EIA

    5. Environmental cost and benefit analysis.


    6. Reporting a Detailed Assessment –
    formal report.
    7. Publication of D.A. reports – made
    available to the public (unless approved
    by govt. – report to be witheld from the
    public).

    www.utm.my innovative ● entrepreneurial ● global 8


    TYPICAL CONTENT OF EIA

    1. PROJECT DEVELOPMENT.
    2. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING
    ENVIRONMENT.
    3. IDENTIFICATION & ASSESSMENT OF
    IMPACTS.
    4. MITIGATION MEASURES.
    5. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
    PROGRAM (EMP)

    www.utm.my innovative ● entrepreneurial ● global 9


    TYPICAL CONTENT OF EIA
    1. PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
    • What? Dev. Concepts, utilities, services.
    • Where? Location.
    • Who? Initiator, proponents, consultants.
    • Why? Statement of needs.
    • Whom? Public communities who will benefit.
    • How? Project activities – esp. construction phase:
    land clearing, earthworks, infrastr., bldgs, constr.
    methods, wastes disposal, dredging/excavation,
    reclamation.
    • When? Project schedule (duration, phasing, work
    schedule).
    www.utm.my innovative ● entrepreneurial ● global 10
    2. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING
    ENVIRONMENT.
    i. Physical: Topography/physical charact.,
    geology & soil, drainage system & hydrologic
    regime; land use; traffic & transportation;
    noise levels; meteorology; river morphology;
    etc.
    ii. Chemical: Air quality; water quality.
    iii. Biological: Ecology; Flora & fauna; Habitat.
    iv. Human: Socio-economic (Social Impact
    Assessment – SIA); aesthetics & culture;
    health, safety, well-being, etc.
    www.utm.my innovative ● entrepreneurial ● global 11
    3. IDENTIFICATION & ASSESSMENT OF
    IMPACTS
    ● Only the relevant, critical, significant
    impacts.
    ● Qualitative and quantitative assessment.
    ● Duration, frequency & intensity.
    ● Loss – tangible & intangible.
    ● Adjustment and adaptability.
    ● Cost-benefit analysis.

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    METHODS OF ASSESSMENT:

    ● Models.
    ● Standards, limits, regulations.
    ● Equations.
    ● Theory.
    ● Extrapolation, interpolation, analogy.
    ● Prediction methods and models.

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    4. MITIGATION MEASURES

    ● Propose measures to reduce signif. adverse


    impacts.
    – Abatement - to diminish or reduce; do away
    with nuisance.
    – Control - directing or restraining; subject to
    guidance.
    – Prevention - hinder, stop.
    – Alleviate - lessen, less severe.
    – Mitigate - reduce severity, alleviate.

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    Prediction methods and models:

    ● Structural measures.
    ● Non-structural measures – management
    plan; zoning; soft approach.
    ● Give options, alternatives: practical, cost-
    effective; social acceptance.
    ● Construction phase: Specify all measures
    into the overall design improvement.

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    Example of a checklist
    (For rural and urban water supply and sanitation
    projects)
    Aspects of EIA – Checklist questions – Comments
    Column.
    ● Sources of Impacts (eroded materials, effluents,
    solid wastes, etc.)
    ● Receptors of Impacts (aquatic ecosystems, flora
    & fauna, historical sites, etc.).
    ● Environmental Impacts (reduction in volume of
    water supply, liquid/solid wastes, fish stock,
    diseases, etc.).
    ● Mitigating measures (will it require measures).
    ● Comments.
    www.utm.my innovative ● entrepreneurial ● global 16
    5. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
    PROGRAM (EMP)

    ● Final stage of EIA.


    ● Continuous improvement – refer to EMS.
    ● Post-audit.
    ● Compliance plan – commitment to comply
    with regulations, etc.

    www.utm.my innovative ● entrepreneurial ● global 17

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