Revista Intech 75 - IsA

September/October 2020
OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF AUTOMATION
S Celebrates
ISA Ce eb ates 75
5 Years
ea s of
o
uto at o Innovation—
Automation o at o
ocuses on
Focuses o the
t e Future
utu e
w
www.isa.org/intech
Rated 4.9 out of 5
by satisfied PLC customers…
Highly-rated, feature packed PLCs
available at your fingertips, 24/7/365
BRX PLCS
starting at:
$197.00
(BX-DM1-10AR-D)
Unlike other suppliers, at AutomationDirect we

welcome any feedback we get on our products,
especially our PLCs. We display all product reviews
we receive on our Webstore to help others make “Great feature set, FREE DEVELOPMENT
informed buying decisions. So, if your supplier SOFTWARE! Structures (UDT) allow for OOP
can’t answer the question, “What is the customer programming! Many features added regularly
satisfaction score for this product?”, then maybe you and good support from AD (AutomationDirect)
need a new supplier! and manufacturer (Host). Have these operating
many projects including Water Distribution,
Our BRX PLCs have a multitude of impressive features Water Treatment and more. Don’t mind the
(too long to list) but here are a few highlights: AB guys talking down on them, they are just a
• Serial/Ethernet comm ports included on most models (with support bit upset they can’t charge a few grand more
for Modbus RTU/TCP, ASCII, EtherNet/IP, MQTT and HTTP)
for less features and software.”
• Built-in discrete, analog and high-speed I/O with
advanced motion control Michael in VICTORVILLE, CA
• Internal RAM and microSD data logging
• Free PLC programming software with over 200 easy-to-use
instructions, integrated video help, and a convenient simulator www.BRXPLC.com
Order Today, Ships Fast!

* See our Web site for details and restrictions. © Copyright 2020 AutomationDirect, Cumming, GA USA. All rights reserved. 1-800-633-0405 the #1 value in automation
Low-cost pulsed I/O
that won’t miss a beat.
ENCODER
D
DC
DRIVE
High-speed Pulse Width

Counter Module Modulation Module
priced at: priced at:
High-speed Counter and
Pulse Width Modulation Modules
$88.00 $97.00
(P2-02HSC) (P2-04PWM)
In addition to a full line of discrete and analog
I/O modules, Productivity2000 PLCs have • The new P2-04PWM pulse width modulation module provides four
low-cost specialty modules to reliably tackle channels of sinking or sourcing 0–20 kHz, 0–100% duty cycle outputs for
special functions that are out of the realm running motors/pumps, controlling LED lighting, opening/closing solenoid
valves and more.
of standard I/O. High-speed input counting
and pulse width modulated outputs are • The new P2-02HSC is capable of handling input pulse frequencies up to
100kHz. Easily count and/or calculate pulse rates from dedicated inputs
capabilities provided by these modules for or encoder signals that are used in many applications including package
applications that require a little more than tracking and picking systems.
generic I/O.
www.Productivity2000.com
Order Today, Ships Fast!

* See our Web site for details and restrictions. © Copyright 2020 AutomationDirect, Cumming, GA USA. All rights reserved. 1-800-633-0405 the #1 value in automation
September/October 2020 | Vol. 67, Issue 5 www.isa.org
ISA HISTORY
24 ISA members remember

Compiled by Renee Bassett
Leaders share activites and accomplishments from

the past 30 years, and provide advice for thriving as
the automation industry changes.
INFLUENTIAL ISA STANDARDS
40 Speaking of standards
Volunteers share the history and evolution of some of

ISA’s most important and influential standards.
MEGATRENDS
48 Manufacturing and
automation megatrends
TECHNOLOGY MILESTONES
12 By Bill Lydon
Top tech: 75 years

As ISA reflects on 75 years of rich history, the Society is
also looking toward the future. Megatrends will affect
of automation
technology development, workforce development, and
more into 2021 and beyond.
milestones DIGITALIZATION
By Bill Lydon
Technology has leapt forward since ISA’s founding in

64 Digital transformation of
1945. Here is a look at the top technology milestones
from semiconductors to Industry 4.0, as well as a survey
batch review
By Emilee Cook
of the people who influenced the development of the
automation industry. Three strategies help life sciences companies imple-
ment more successful review by exception.
SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION
56 Automation innovators
showcase
Companies highlight their histories of automation
innovation and dedication to digital transformation.
2 INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 WWW.ISA.ORG ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION

We understand you need insightful process
information to help you run your plant e�ciently.
MEASURED VALUE
+ ADDED VALUE You make confident decisions backed by process data and
a complete portfolio of services and solutions to support you.
Ensure compliance and increase process uptime with
100%
optimized services
• Lab and field accredited calibrations (A2LA) and verification
capabilities for flow, pressure and temperature instruments
of Reference Standards • Patented, industry-expert methods to optimize your calibration plan
traceable to Nationally • We are a leading manufacturer of process instrumentation –
Recognized Standards. uniquely qualified to verify and calibrate
• Our global, harmonized calibration standards provide consistent
service quality
Do you want to learn more?

www.us.endress.com/calibration-usa
Safeguard Your Facility
with Layers of Protection
Now Get Moore Industries

Alarm Trips with Intrinsically-
Safe Field Connections
Moore Industries’ family of rugged and reliable

alarm trips now includes the SPA2IS for process
areas requiring intrinsically-safe methods of
protection. The newSPA2IS alarm trip lets you
directly connect temperature sensors and
transmitters in Class I, Div1 or Zone 0,1 hazardous
locations without having to use intrinsically-
safe barriers, cutting wiring and maintenance
expenses.
Add a layer of protection to keep your facility

safe and reduce costs with the SPA2IS with
intrinsically-safe field connections.
To learn more about the SPA2IS and Moore

Industries family of Programmable Alarm Trips,
Call (800) 999-2900
or visit: www.miinet.com/alarmtrips Demand Moore Reliability
Perspectives from the Editor | talk to me ISA INTECH STAFF
CHIEF EDITOR
Renee Bassett
2020 – Looking back and [email protected]
looking forward while CONTRIBUTING EDITOR

Bill Lydon
[email protected]
seeming to stand still CONTRIBUTING EDITOR
Charley Robinson
By Renee Bassett, InTech Chief Editor [email protected]
I
PUBLISHER
t’s good to look back sometimes . . . offers “Top Tech: 75 Years of Automation Rick Zabel
to reminisce . . . to indulge in a bit of Milestones” and “Titans of Automation” [email protected]
nostalgia about how times or people (p. 10) to provide technological and hu-
PRODUCTION EDITOR
might have been sweeter or simpler or man context for Society endeavors.
Lynne Franke
more exciting in the past. It’s also natural But we aren’t just looking back. ISA [email protected]
to review accomplishments and note les- and this issue of InTech are looking for-
sons learned from the challenges we’ve ward. Global megatrends are disrupting ART DIRECTOR
Lisa Starck
faced. Anniversaries and disasters often the status quo and pushing industrial [email protected]
spur the reverie, causing people to take automation forward (p. 48), and we’re
stock of where they have been, where committed to helping automation pro- GRAPHIC DESIGNER
they are, and how they got there. fessionals ride the waves of change into Bonnie Walker
[email protected]
The year 2020 has been full of global 2021 and beyond. For insight related to
disasters—the COVID-19 pandemic, inland workforce development, safety and cyber-
and coastal flooding, civil unrest, refugee security, standards, and manufacturing ISA PRESIDENT
Eric Cosman
crises, earthquakes, tornados, hurricanes, technology trends including digitaliza-
and wildfires—but it also brought us the tion and Industrial Internet of Things PUBLICATIONS VICE PRESIDENT
platinum anniversary of the founding (IIoT), bookmark https://isaautomation. Vitor S. Finkel, CAP
of ISA, then the Instrument Society of isa.org/isa-megatrends. EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD
America, now the International Society Speaking of IIoT, ISA’s newest division— CHAIRMAN
of Automation, and this special edition Smart Manufacturing and IIoT (SMIIoT)— Steve Valdez
of InTech, its official publication. During has grown to encompass more than 800 GE Sensing
a summer that seemed to stand still, we members and multiple topics, including Joseph S. Alford PhD, PE, CAP
at InTech were looking back and looking industrial cloud technologies, machine Eli Lilly (retired)
forward toward what comes next. learning, cyber-physical systems, digital
Joao Miguel Bassa
InTech is a bit younger than ISA, given twins, and more (p. 73). These technolo- Independent Consultant
its start in 1954 as ISA Journal, but it has gies are the future of industrial automa-
chronicled the passions and challenges of tion, and ISA members are helping each Eoin Ó Riain
Read-out, Ireland
ISA members since the beginning. Mem- other understand and apply them.
bers are the heart of ISA, and InTech is ISA Fellow Ian Nimmo, a part of our in- Guilherme Rocha Lovisi
there for them. So, when 2020 became dustry for more than 50 years (p.36), ad- Bayer Technology Services
the year social distancing requirements mits that “in the early days it was simpler:
David W. Spitzer, PE
made IRL (in real life) gatherings impossible Everyone was focused on technology with- Spitzer and Boyes, LLC
and online meeting apps essential, InTech in a narrow bandwidth. Today, however, is
happily fulfilled a new role: a place to cele- different, and this creates new challenges Dean Ford, CAP, PE
IB Abel, Inc.
brate the anniversary and learn from those for a society that has become so diverse
who’ve been with ISA through the years. and broad in discipline. The questions we David Hobart
Hobart Automation Engineering
To give you a taste of the knowledge face are: What is the next generation of
and history embedded in our leader technology and how does ISA as a society Smitha Gogineni
members, we reached out to past presi- continue to support the needs of such a Midstream & Terminal Services
dents, ISA Fellows, and others willing to diverse membership? We need to focus on
James F. Tatera
reminisce and remember (p. 24). Regard- how ISA has and will continue to evolve Tatera & Associates
ing the status of ISA standards work, we with the evolution of its members—espe-
gathered stories from volunteers work- cially in an IoT world that answers almost
ing on some of the most significant and any known question but is limited to what
influential, including ISA-88 (batch con- is, not what will be.”
trol), ISA-99 (cybersecurity), and others May we never stop considering what
(p. 40). Automation.com’s Bill Lydon will be. n
ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION WWW.ISA.ORG INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 7

IIoT insights | Where the Internet meets Industry
The importance of working in the “now”

By Chris Lee
W
hen you are swapping parts in a comment is not new, so there is a history of sensor
pressor for the third time trying to get data from running the old process. However, there
production restarted, you do not care is no data about what the new process looks like
what was for lunch last Saturday. on this equipment. That is, the individual sensor
With the increased workloads brought on by a behaviors, much less the interplay of the various
competitive market, plant engineers do not have subsystems on the sensors’ output, are uncharac-
much bandwidth to spare. They are frequently run- terized. Nor is there a history of plant issues pecu-
ning from crisis to crisis. Their ability to think about liar to this process.
historical problems is limited. Unless that history Instead of trying to build a physics-based digi-
has bearing on an immediate issue, why spend tal twin of the new process, or extrapolating rules
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
hours, or even minutes, sifting through old data from old behaviors, the plant engineer just flags
Chris Lee is a customer
about a problem that was resolved months ago? the start of a new use case and begins collecting
success manager at Fal-
Yet this is how industrial analytics projects are data. This lets him or her get feedback using
konry. Based in Sunny-
frequently carried out today. Assemble a team of insights from current operations.
vale, Calif., Lee guides
highly trained data scientists to look at volumes of In a short time, the system establishes what the
customers from use-case
historical data, logs, and contextual information new, system-level, multivariate “normal” looks like
concept to successful
(like maintenance records). Then spend months based on a few short, qualitative questions to the
proof of value to pro-
engineer each day. As the system finds novel
duction implementation Data analytics ought to focus on behaviors, it alerts the engineer, explains the in-
of the company’s ma-
the problems the SMEs are dealing sight from the sensor data and past behaviors,
chine-learning-driven
and then asks for confirmation about what these
software that performs with today, instead of on problems events were: Were they different kinds of normal
time series pattern de-
that happened in the past. behavior? Were they known, adverse issues? Were
tection and classifica-
they novel conditions? Based on these answers,
tion for Industry 4.0
pouring over that data to create and validate mod- the system automatically updates its alerts and
applications.
els that can predict the behavior of interest—as it provides more finely tuned notifications over time.
happened in the past. It is no great surprise, then,
that one of the most difficult parts of these proj- Improve performance while gaining
ects is getting timely input from the engineering valuable insights
subject-matter experts (SMEs). Yes. It may help in Through this approach, plant engineers see things
the future, they say, but how is this helping me in real time that they might otherwise have missed.
now? I’m busy. I want to help, but I just can’t, they For example, subtle instabilities in the equipment
say. Short of deprioritizing production, what can related to certain parameter combinations trigger
be done? alerts, allowing a faster response to those instabili-
Data analytics ought to focus on the problems ties. Or correlations are found between final prod-
the SMEs are dealing with today, instead of on uct quality and alerts of unknown system behaviors,
problems that happened in the past. It is like a real- identifying conditions that lead to poor quality. This
ly smart new engineer who is learning every day by is done without taking plant engineers out of their
talking with experts about what they are finding. day-to-day work. Every minute spent working on
The key to their success is how quickly they learn analytics saves multiples in lost production.
and put what they learn into action. This is not The traditional way of evaluating analytics is
easy to do with traditional analytics and machine- built on historical data. This is fine for those who
learning techniques today, but it will soon be. The are not in the trenches keeping a plant operating.
proliferation of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) But those on the front lines need to stay focused
sensors is putting the power of “now” in the hands on the now. Only by applying analytics to today’s
of people who need it. What might this look like? operations and validating them on current issues
will plant managers gain confidence that the solu-
Start with the data you have tions apply to the real problems costing the busi-
A plant’s process or production engineer is starting ness today. We need to start from now rather than
up a new variant of an existing process. The equip- meandering to it. n

IIoT devices run longer PROVEN
on Tadiran batteries.
40
YEAR
OPERATING
LIFE *
Remote wireless devices connected to the

ANNUAL SELF-DISCHARGE
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) run on
Tadiran bobbin-type LiSOCl2 batteries. TADIRAN COMPETITORS
Our batteries offer a winning combination:

a patented hybrid layer capacitor (HLC)
that delivers the high pulses required for 0.7%
two-way wireless communications; the
widest temperature range of all; and the
lowest self-discharge rate (0.7% per year),
enabling our cells to last up to 4 times
longer than the competition.
Up to 3%
Looking to have your remote wireless device complete a 40-year Tadiran Batteries
marathon? Then team up with Tadiran batteries that last a lifetime. 2001 Marcus Ave.
Suite 125E
Lake Success,
NY 11042
1-800-537-1368
516-621-4980
* Tadiran LiSOCL2 batteries feature the lowest annual self-discharge rate of any competitive battery, less than 1% per year, enabling these
batteries to operate over 40 years depending on device operating usage. However, this is not an expressed or implied warranty, as each
application differs in terms of annual energy consumption and/or operating environment. www.tadiranbat.com
executive corner | From the Office of the President
Technology, innovation, and future of our profession

By Eric C. Cosman
I
am very pleased to have been given an We come together to share, coach, teach,
opportunity to provide a brief editorial for and learn about all aspects of our profession,
this special version of InTech. Although this from technology and applications to “soft
year has been challenging for everyone, the vol- skills,” such as leadership and project man-
unteer leaders and staff at ISA are working very agement. In these and other areas much has
hard to move forward with our strategy for our changed since our Society was first formed.
Society, positioning it for long-term success as We have expanded from an instrument soci-
the “Home of Automation.” ety to an automation society, reflecting a much
When I started my career as a chemical engi- broader focus. We continually strive to expand
neer, I would have never predicted that auto- our reach outside our origins in North America.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
mation would be my area of focus for so many Meanwhile, industry expectations and enabling
Eric C. Cosman (www.
years. In fact, of all of my courses in school, pro-
linkedin.com/in/ec-
cess control was the one that I struggled with
cosman) is ISA 2020
the most. However, my strong interest in com-
president and cochair
puters and programming led me first to the au-
of the ISA99 commit-
tomation of various process design calculations,
Over these many years,
tee on industrial con-
trol systems security.
then to simulation, and ultimately to the use of a recurring theme that
computers to visualize and control plant opera-
tions. I have never looked back.
has never failed to excite
Over these many years, a recurring theme that me is the application
has never failed to excite me is the application
of computers and automation to all aspects of
of computers and
engineering and plant operations. Although the automation to all aspects
laws of physics and chemistry do not change,
the processes used to harness them to develop
of engineering and plant
innovative and profitable products are infinite. operations. While the laws
In virtually all cases, these processes can be im-
proved or optimized using some degree of auto-
of physics and chemistry
mation. Some processes, in fact, are so fragile or do not change, the
dangerous that they are impossible to operate
without automation.
processes used to harness
It is the intersection of data and knowledge them to develop innovative
with the physical world that I have always found
so interesting. This is the essence of engineer-
and profitable products
ing, and I am convinced that this is what attracts are infinite.
people to our field.
While the popular caricature of an engineer
may be of one who is staid and conservative,
I have had the privilege of working with—and technologies continue to change, sometimes at
learning from—some of the most creative and what seems like a breakneck pace.
innovative people I have ever known. A success- As a Society we must respect and learn from
ful engineer must have both an appreciation for our legacy while responding to these changes
and an understanding of proven and effective and meeting new challenges. I believe that we
practices, as well as a curiosity about emerging can do this much more effectively as a com-
techniques and technology. This in turn requires munity than individually. This is why I am a
sharing experience and expertise. member of ISA, and why I take every opportu-
ISA provides a forum for this sharing for auto- nity to attract people both to our Society and
mation professionals. This is what a professional to our profession.
association is all about—and ours has been suc- Our past is rich and, together, our future
cessfully doing that for 75 years. promises to be even richer. n

We understand how important it is to find the
right expertise for your industry application needs.
KNOWLEDGE
+ KNOW-HOW
You are assured to get the best-fit products, solutions
and services for your specific requirements.
Customers around the world trust us when it comes to

process automation. Our shared goal is plant safety, availability
and efficiency. We are with you every day, everywhere.
People for Process Automation
Do you want to learn more?

www.us.endress.com
Top tech: 75 years of
automation milestones
From transistors to the brink of Industry 4.0 By Bill Lydon
S
ince ISA’s founding in 1945, technology has leapt for- Bardeen and Walter Brattain at Bell Labs. Innovations in transis-
ward, bounding across the decades to change the world. tors are the basis of the development of integrated circuits and
Industrial automation technology has changed no less microprocessors. Even the most powerful processor chips today
than technology for transportation, communication, and are measured based on the number of transistors they contain.
commerce, and it has indeed borrowed heavily from innova- The first low-cost junction transistor widely available was the
tions in those fields. Now, 75 years later, we are on the brink CK722, a PNP germanium small-signal unit from Raytheon,
of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, called Industry 4.0, and introduced in early 1953 for $7.60 each. Putting cost in perspec-
a wide range of products, methods, plans, and architectures tive, Texas Instruments of Dallas and Texas and Industrial
have allowed automation and controls professionals to step Development Engineering Associates (I.D.E.A.) of Indianapolis,
ever onward. Here are the top technology milestones that have Ind., collaborated on creating the Regency TR-1, the world’s first
marked their path. Below are some of the titans of automation commercially produced transistor radio. When it was released
technology—ISA members and others—who furthered the in 1954, the Regency TR-1 cost $49.95 in U.S. dollars (approxi-
tech, optimized it for industrial operations, and supported mately $476 in 2019 U.S. dollars).
others in applying it. Transistors made
possible electronic
Semiconductors and Moore’s law industrial controllers
The significant power spanning from mainframe computers in the 1950s that over
down to embedded processors inside of controllers and sensors time supplanted the
is rooted in the transistor, which was invented in 1947 by John application of many
Federico Faggin, microprocessor innovator

Microprocessors made industrial controllers of
all types practical, and Federico Faggin designed
the first commercial microprocessor, the Intel
4004, in 1971. He led the 4004 (MCS-4) proj-
Walter Brattain and William Shockley, ect and the design group during the first five Richard Rimbach, ISA founder and
transistor inventors years of Intel’s microprocessor effort. After the first secretary
The device that changed everyone’s life in 4004, he led development of the Intel 8008 and ISA was officially born as the Instrument Society
industrialized society, including in the process 8080. Later he cofounded Zilog, the first com- of America on 28 April 1945, in Pittsburgh, Pa.,
control industry, was the transistor, invented pany solely dedicated to microprocessors, and U.S. It was the brainchild of Richard Rimbach of
in 1947 by John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and led the development of the Zilog Z80 (used ex- the Instruments Publishing Company and grew
William Shockley of Bell Laboratories. Arguably tensively in controllers) and Z8 processors. The out of the desire of 18 local instrument societies
the most important invention of this century, influence of microprocessors continues; they are to form a national organization. Rimbach grad-
the transistor opened the electronics age, driv- embedded in sensors, actuators, and other end uated from MIT with an engineering degree and
ing out many pneumatic or air-based controllers devices. Microprocessors are fueling the imple- was the first executive secretary of the Instru-
of the 1920s and ‘30s. The transistor contained mentation of Industry 4.0, industrial digitaliza- ment Society of America. Industrial instruments,
three electrodes and could amplify or vary cur- tion, and IIoT. In 2010, Faggin received the 2009 which became widely used during World War II,
rents or voltages between two of the electrodes National Medal of Technology and Innovation, continued to play an ever-greater role in the ex-
in response to the voltages or currents imposed the highest honor the U.S. confers for achieve- pansion of technology after the war. See www.
Titans of au
on the third electrode. ments related to technological progress. isa.org/about-isa/history-of-isa.

pneumatic or air-based controllers of the 1920s and ‘30s. used. They consumed a large amount of space, were depen-
The cost of solid-state electronics is a history of delivering dent on mechanical relay reliability, were hard to trouble-
more power at lower cost. It was expressed in Moore’s law, which shoot, and required significant hours of rewiring to change
has stood the test of time since it was first defined by Gordon the logic for any reconfiguration.
Moore, the cofounder of Fairchild Semiconductor and CEO of Richard Morley, a Bedford engineer, is credited with the
Intel. In a 1965 paper, he described a doubling every year in the original design. He and his team of engineers created a solid-
number of components per integrated circuit, and projected state, sequential logic solver, designed for factory automation
this rate of growth would continue for at least another decade. and continuous processing applications: the first practical
Moore’s law continues to drive computing technology as evi- programmable logic controller. It was called the “Modicon
denced by the sophistication and miniaturization of commer- 084,” because it was the 84th project at Bedford Associates.
cial and industrial devices. Upon learning of GM’s requirements, the company demon-
The Internet of Things (IoT) is possible because of continued strated the Modicon 084 to General Motor’s Hydramatic
high-performance electronics and processors that continue to Division in November 1969.
get smaller in size and lower in price. Ladder Logic Programming was a huge advantage for
working electricians. Much like spreadsheets that later
Programmable logic controller (PLC) empowered accountants and others, users could program a
The first PLC was deliv- computer in an easy-to-understand way. Bedford Associates’
ered to General Motors Ladder Logic incorporated symbols from electrical engineer-
in 1970 to control metal ing to depict sequences of operations. In his article, “Ladder
cutting, hole drilling, Logic Languishing?” published in the April l992 issue of
material handling, as- Manufacturing Systems, inventor Morley recalled:
sembly, and testing for “Ladder Logic, as a control language, was first used in con-
the Hydramatic Model junction with silicon devices around 1969 at Bedford Associ-
400 automatic transmis- ates. To support the control language, a hardware platform was
sion. The two ingredi- devised that had three constituent elements: a dual-ported
ents for success were using a memory, a logic solver, and a general-purpose computer. Early
computer to solve logic that was pre- at Modicon, we used a degenerate form of ladder representa-
viously done with relays, and Ladder tion. The great advantage was that the language could be un-
Logic Programming that empowered derstood by any working electrician in the world. Later the lan-
electricians to program the computer from their guage was expanded to multi-node, and additional functions
base knowledge. Before the PLC, huge banks of relays were were added . . . Ladder Logic functionality and PLC adaptability
Albert F. Sperry, ISA founder and first

president
Albert F. Sperry, chairman of Panelit Corporation,
became ISA’s first president in 1946. The same
year, the Society held its first conference and
exhibit in Pittsburgh. The first standard, RP 5.1,
Instrument Flow Plan Symbols, followed in 1949, A. T. James and A. J. P. Martin,
and the first journal, which eventually became gas-liquid chromatograph
InTech, was published in 1954. Representatives Glenn F. Harvey In 1952, A. T. James and Archer John Porter
from regional societies first gathered in New York ISA executive director for 32 years, Glenn F. Har- Martin developed the process of gas-liquid chro-
on 2 December 1944. ISA was officially founded vey oversaw ISA’s direction and saw the focus matography, a technique for separating and ana-
on 28 April 1945, with 15 local instrument societ- shift from valves and other electrical, mechanical, lyzing a mixture, for which they later received the
ies and about 1,000 members. Sperry was the first and pneumatic instruments to microprocessors Nobel Prize. This technique dramatically improved
president; Karl Kayan, a professor at Columbia and PCs to a solutions-based, software-driven the speed, accuracy, and sensitivity of previous
University, was vice president; Clark E. Fry of West- discipline. Under his leadership, ISA grew from a chromatographic procedures. By 1956, a com-
inghouse was treasurer; and Richard Rimbach of few thousand members to a peak of more than pany called Beckman Instruments was marketing
utomation
Instruments Publishing Co. was secretary. 60,000 members during the 1990s. the first gas chromatograph.

quickly spawned an entire industry.” could be controlled by supervisory minicomputers. The opera-
The advantage that the PLC brought to the control industry tor would have a push-button, cathode ray tube (CRT) based
was the ability to program the system, which could not be ac- display rather than an annunciator panel. The controllers would
complished with electromagnetic relay panels. The panels had be connected together on a data highway that would carry the
to be rewired when control schemes changed. In contrast, the information from the various nodes or stations. The highway, or
new PLC could be changed much more easily and faster, and bus, would serve as a signal route. The design would move the
also had the advantage of a much smaller footprint. controllers back to the process, shorten the control loops, and
save on wiring costs.
Distributed control system (DCS) architecture
The introduction of the Personal computer (PC)
Honeywell TDC 2000 in In 1981, IBM introduced the per-
1975 was the beginning of sonal computer using what was
commercial DCSs. It was to become the standard disk op-
the first system to use mi- erating system (DOS), created by
croprocessors to perform Microsoft. The PC was a general-
direct digital control of purpose computer at a cost point
processes as an integrated significantly below that of mini-
part of the system. This computers. The PC architecture
distributed architecture leveraged the innovation and creativity of a wide range of devel-
was revolutionary with opers with an open hardware bus for add-on cards and an open
digital communication operating system that developers could use to run their own ap-
between distributed controllers, workstations, and other com- plications. The openness of the PC platform dramatically broad-
puting elements. Computer-based process control systems ened available applications, unleashed creativity, and created an
before the TDC 2000 were mainly data collection and alarm ecosystem of developers serving a variety of needs. The PC revo-
systems with control done by pneumatic loop controllers and lution was on, and industrial automation benefited greatly.
standalone electronic proportional, integral, derivative (PID)
controllers. Human-machine interface (HMI)
About the same time in the mid-1970s, Yokogawa in Japan The development of human-machine interfaces in process con-
introduced a distributed control system called the Centum. The trol began with a CRT-based system where an operator could
Yokogawa Centum and Honeywell TDC 2000 were based on read the relative position of process variables “at a glance,”
the concept that several microprocessor-based loop controllers allowing the operator to develop a pattern recognition method
Dick (Richard) Morley, father of the PLC Karl Åström, father of adaptive control
Dick Morley is considered the father of the Karl Johan Åström is a Swedish control theorist
programmable logic controller (PLC), which was who made contributions to control theory and
conceived by his team at Bedford Associates. control engineering, computer control, and
Morley also supported ISA and encouraged adaptive control. In 1965, he described a general
young automation professionals to join. framework of Markov decision processes (MDPs)
Morley and his team of engineers developed a with incomplete information, which led to the
solid-state, sequential logic solver designed for notion of a partially observable Markov decision
factory automation and continuous processing process (POMDP). A POMDP models an agent
applications: the first practical programmable decision process in which it is assumed that the
logic controller called the Modicon 084. The system dynamics are determined by an MDP, but Bill Gates and Paul Allen, Microsoft
company demonstrated the Modicon 084 to the agent cannot directly observe the underly- founders
General Motor’s Hydramatic Division in 1969 and ing state. Instead, it must maintain a probability Microsoft Corporation, founded by Bill Gates
delivered the first commercial unit to GM in 1970 distribution over the set of possible states, based and Paul Allen on 4 April 1975, has and con-
to control metal cutting, hole drilling, material on a set of observations and observation prob- tinues to have a significant impact on acceler-
handling, assembly, and testing for the Hydra- abilities, and the underlying MDP. The POMDP ating the creation and application of valuable
matic Model 400 automatic transmission. The framework is general enough to model a variety industrial control and automation software.
new system replaced the large electromagnetic of real-world sequential decision processes. Microsoft Windows and server offerings in
relay panels that GM previously used to identify Applications include robot navigation problems, particular are a platform for a wide range of
where problems had occurred. machine maintenance, and general planning innovative, creative, and valuable industrial
The PLC allowed those in the control industry to under uncertainty. Leslie P. Kaelbling and Michael applications. More continue to be developed
program the system, which was not possible with L. Littman adapted it for problems in artificial by industrial control and automation subject-
Titans of au
electromagnetic relay panels. intelligence and automated planning. matter experts.

of analyzing the current plant operating situation. Honeywell’s applications. These included databases, analysis, advanced con-
TDC 2000, which arrived in 1975, drastically changed the pace of trol, manufacturing execution systems (MESs), batch manage-
operator console development. ment, production tracking, and historians.
The availability of PCs running DOS and using third-party Microsoft Windows became the way to bridge real-time plant
graphic image software spawned a new breed of HMI solutions operations with IT and business systems for more unified and
around 1985. New companies included Intellution, Iconics, and coordinated manufacturing and production. The Microsoft Win-
USDATA. dows operating system platform allowed users to leverage stan-
The next big step was in 1987 when Wonderware introduced dard IT tools to analyze manufacturing data and share produc-
InTouch, the first Microsoft Windows–based HMI that added tion and plant information seamlessly with business systems.
significant features and open interfaces to information tech- Windows provided the platform for development of OPC, which
nology (IT) and business systems. significantly simplified software drivers for industrial networks
and equipment interfaces.
Microsoft Windows
Microsoft Windows, intro- Data historians
duced in late 1985, had a A wide range of scientific and en-
profound impact on indus- gineering applications established
trial automation. Starting with the value of time series historic data,
Wonderware InTouch soft- which became widely available for control and automation when
ware, it was later adopted by PCs made it practical. OSIsoft, which started as Oil Systems Inc.,
virtually all industrial automa- introduced the PI System (or Plant Information System) that led
tion suppliers, even though they initially took the position that it to the wide adoption of historians. Patrick Kennedy founded the
was not appropriate for industrial and process automation. company in 1980 and is considered the father of plant historians.
Microsoft introduced Windows on 20 November 1985 as a Historians have become an important tool in many types of
graphical operating system shell for MS-DOS in response to industrial manufacturing and process control applications to
the growing interest in graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Micro- improve productivity, efficiency, and profits. Historian informa-
soft Windows was a complete, integrated operating system that tion is used by automation engineers, operation staff, and busi-
dominated the world’s PC market with more than 90 percent of nesspeople for many different kinds of applications. Standing
market share, overtaking Mac OS, which was introduced in 1984. the test of time and proving continuing value, historians are now
On PCs, Windows is still the most popular operating system. being embedded in controllers and on cloud servers. Watch this
Microsoft Windows’ rich environment spawned a large eco- great video by Pat Kennedy for more information about real-time
system of developers who wrote software for a wide range of data infrastructure: https://tinyurl.com/ISA75f1a.
Dennis Morin, founder of Wonderware

Larry Evans, pioneer in process modeling Dennis Morin founded Wonderware in 1987. His Patrick Kennedy, father of plant historians
Larry Evans started as an MIT chemical engineer- vision of Microsoft Windows–based HMI was in- Patrick Kennedy, considered the father of plant
ing professor and principal investigator of the spired by an early 1980s video game that allowed historians, founded Oil Systems, Inc. (now
ASPEN Project, a major research and develop- players to digitally construct a pinball game. He OSIsoft), and the Plant Information System
ment effort. The purpose of the project was to figured operators monitoring factory operations became the first OSIsoft product that was
develop a “third-generation” process modeling would be more productive with a machine that widely deployed throughout industry. Historians
and simulation system that could be used to was fun and easy to use. Wonderware marked have become an important tool in a range of
evaluate proposed synthetic fuel processes both the beginning of the Microsoft industrial software industrial manufacturing and process control ap-
technically and economically. revolution that opened the industrial and process plications to improve productivity, efficiency, and
When the project was completed in 1981, control systems architectures to third-party de- profits. Historian information is used by automa-
Evans, along with seven key members of the velopers. In 2003, InTech magazine listed Dennis tion engineers, operations, and businesspeople
project staff, founded Aspen Technology, Inc. Morin as one of the 50 most influential innova- for many types of applications. Standing the test
(AspenTech) to license the technology from MIT tors in the history of industrial automation. of time and proving continuing value, historians
and to further develop, support, and commer- In one of the great rags-to-riches entrepreneurial are now being deployed embedded in control-
cialize it. As CEO at AspenTech, Evans greatly stories of the 1980s, Morin was 40 years old lers and on cloud servers.
expanded the breadth and depth of the technol- when he was terminated by Triconex and started Kennedy earned a BS and a PhD in chemical
ogy over the ensuing years and brought on Wonderware. He drove a taxi in Boston before engineering from the University of Kansas.
board a wide range of complementary products. coming to California in the 1970s. He told his A registered professional engineer in control
The company grew from a 10-person startup to idea to a young technology wizard, Phil Huber, systems engineering, he holds a patent on a
utomation
a public company. who joined him in forming Wonderware. catalytic reformer control system.

ated with implementing these Compliance Institute owns the “ISA100 Compliant” certifica-
interfaces. The standards also ISA-95 tion scheme, which does independent testing of ISA100-based
reduce the effort associated with
implementing production of new
Enterprise products to ensure they conform to the standard.
WirelessHART (IEC 62591) is a wireless sensor networking
product offerings.
Control System technology based on HART. It is defined for the requirements
ISA-95 (ANSI/ISA-95) provides Integration of process field devices. A goal of WirelessHART is backward
consistent terminology and ob- compatibility with existing HART-compatible control sys-
ject models that are foundational for supplier and manufacturer tems and configuration tools to integrate new wireless net-
communications. By helping to define the boundaries between works and their devices.
enterprise systems and control systems, ISA-95 models clarify
application functionality and how information is to be used. Machine vision and image recognition
Not insignificantly, the American National Standards Institute The application of ma-
(ANSI) approved ISA as an ANSI-accredited standards-writing chine vision systems con-
organization in 1976. tinues to grow with lower
costs and more capability
Wireless 802.15.4 enables wireless sensors from advances in software
The IEEE 802.15.4 low-rate wireless personal technology, particularly
area networks (LR-WPANs) standard and image recognition. Prop-
subsequent commercial chip components erly configured and pro-
became the building blocks for industrial grammed vision systems
wireless sensor standards, including ISA100a eliminate human error, increasing productivity, quality, and
and WirelessHART. The IEEE 802.15.4 is a profits. Vision systems have become highly intelligent, and flex-
technical standard that defines the operation of LR-WPANs. ible sensors in the control and automation process provide a
The IEEE 802.15 working group, which defined the standard in range of input for real-time control. Applications include qual-
2003, continues to maintain it. ity inspection, part identification, robot guidance, and machine
The ISA100.11a (IEC 62734) wireless networking technol- control based on parts flow. Initially a camera was connected to
ogy standard, developed by ISA, focused on “wireless systems a PC that did pattern recognition. Newer machine vision cam-
for industrial automation: process control and related appli- eras incorporate pattern recognition and a complete IEC 61131-
cations” with a focus on field-level devices. In 2009, the ISA 3 PLC in a small device mounted on machines. This is possible
Automation Standards Compliance Institute established the because of dramatic developments in computer system-on-a-
ISA100 Wireless Compliance Institute. The ISA100 Wireless chip (SoC) and miniature video camera chips.
Ed Hurd, helped birth commercial DCS

Ed Hurd was a major driver of the Honeywell
2000, which was introduced in 1975 and
marked the beginning of commercial DCSs. At
the 1976 ISA show in Houston’s Astrodome, Bill Lowe, lab director for the IBM PC
Honeywell formally unveiled the TDC-2000, the IBM’s personal computer (IBM 5150) was intro-
first system to use microprocessors to perform duced in August 1981, one year after corporate
direct digital control of processes as an integrated executives gave the go-ahead to Bill Lowe, the
part of the system. This distributed architecture lab director in the company’s Boca Raton, Fla., John Berra, communication protocol
was revolutionary with digital communication facilities. Non-IBM personal computers were impresario
between distributed controllers, workstations, available as early as the mid-1970s, but the John Berra, the president of Emerson Process
and other computing elements. Hurd served IBM PC launch legitimized use of this class of Management and Emerson executive vice
as president of Industrial Control from 1993 to computers in business, scientific, and industrial president, received ISA’s “Life Achievement
1995 and, before that, was vice president and applications. Lowe established a task force that Award” at ISA 2002 in recognition of long-
general manager of Honeywell’s Industrial Au- developed the proposal for the first IBM PC, term dedication and contributions to the
tomation and Control Group. He won a Sweat fighting the idea that things could not be done instrumentation, systems, and automation
Award in 1967 for circuitry design and was the quickly at IBM. One analyst was quoted as saying community. As of 2001, only seven people
design architect for an assignment called Project that “IBM bringing out a personal computer had received the honor, which was first given
72. After about two years, the group synthesized would be like teaching an elephant to tap in 1981. Berra, who began his career as an
a next-generation control system. The project led dance.” The group worked with a little-known engineer at Monsanto Co., played a major
to the TDC 2000, a DCS that took the industrial company, Microsoft, for the operating system, role in the development of three major manu-
automation and control group from $5 million to and the team beat the deadline, finishing the facturing communications protocols: HART,
utomation
$500 million in five years. IBM personal computer by 1 April 1981. Foundation Fieldbus, and OPC.

ISA-95 enterprise-control system integration ative ways. Video game industry

standard B2MML hardware and software is increas-
ISA-95 (ANSI/ISA-95) has been ingly leading to new industrial au-
TM
accepted throughout the world tomation technology and business
in a wide range of industries. The use cases. Particularly, virtual reality
latest development, Business to software platforms and user inter-
Manufacturing Markup Language faces, such as virtual reality glasses,
(B2MML), creates compatibility with enterprise comput- are being used in industrial automa-
ing, cloud computing, IoT, and Industry 4.0. B2MML further tion in creative ways.
adds value to ISA-95 by providing consistent terminology Over the years, the industrial and
and object models and by bridging IT and OT. B2MML ex- process automation industry has taken advantage of and lever-
presses ISA-95 (IEC/ISO 62264) data models in a standard aged commercial technologies as they became mainstream to cre-
set of XML schemas written using the World Wide Web Con- ate applications that deliver greater value. Augmented reality has
sortium’s XML Schema language (XSD). seeped into daily life and is being used in everything from mobile
B2MML is an open source XML implementation of the ISA- games to heavy industry. These innovative technologies can assist
95 and IEC 62264 standards. The Manufacturing Enterprise with every phase of a project, including design, virtual commis-
Solutions Association (MESA International) B2MML is used sioning, startup, troubleshooting, and quality control. Examples of
as the de facto standard interface to exchange the contents applications that benefited from these technologies are:
defined in ISA-95. There is cooperation to bring this into the ● Machine and process simulation, including virtual commis-
OPC UA framework, which provides a secure and reliable ar- sioning, to identify issues and bottlenecks before installing real
chitecture for manufacturing industries. equipment, saving time and money
● Smart glasses with immediate access to manuals, instruction
Gaming technology videos, and other materials to help on-site personnel trouble-
The gaming industry has pushed the envelope of computing, shoot problems. Coupled with communications to subject-
which industrial automation applications are taking advantage matter experts at remote sites, this is a tremendous value to
of. Developments originally intended for the video game indus- improve production uptime.
try are now having an impact on the cloud, artificial intelligence, ● Training simulators provide immersion learning to plant per-
data science, and autonomous vehicles. The enormous gaming sonnel before they go on the site. For example, there are many
industry volume, exceeding $125 billion in 2018, is pushing the demonstrations of training people in a virtual petrochemical
performance of technology and dramatically lowering cost. All plant environment and giving them challenges, so they learn
types of industries are applying these new technologies in cre- how to react to dangerous disruptions and operations.
Charlie Cutler, redefined APC

Charles R. Cutler, a member of the National
Academy of Engineering, invented and com-
mercialized a highly successful multivariable
controller that redefined the term advanced Mike Marlowe, U.S. federal government
process control (APC). In 1984 he founded DMC Odo Struger, named the PLC liaison for ISA
Corporation, and in 1999 he founded a second Odo Struger of Allen-Bradley is credited with Mike Marlowe’s relationships and U.S. govern-
company called the Cutler Technology Corpora- creating the acronym PLC (programmable ment contacts where instrumental to ISA
tion. Cutler conceived control engineering appli- logic controller). Struger, who earned a PhD gaining access to the necessary agencies and
cations that have brought a competitive edge to from the Vienna University of Technology, also legislators to allow a partnership with the U.S.
the current oil and gas industry, namely Dynamic developed PLC application software during his Department of Labor on workforce devel-
Matrix Control (DMC) and real-time optimization nearly 40-year career at Allen-Bradley/ opment and the Automation Competency
(RTO). He was honored with a membership in Rockwell. He played a leadership role in Model (ACM). Additionally, Marlowe worked
the National Academy of Engineering in 2000 developing National Electrical Manufactur- to get the ISA-99 standard adopted by the
for his contributions to a new class of advanced ers Association (NEMA) and International U.S. government as a foundational standard
process control technology. Cutler graduated Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 1131-3 PLC in the cybersecurity of critical infrastructure.
as a chemical engineer from Lamar University in programming language standards. After mov- Marlowe’s efforts were significant in ISA-99/
1961 and went to work for Shell Oil Co., where ing from Austria to the U.S. in the 1950s, he IEC 62443 becoming integral components of
he would conceive and implement the concept became an engineer at Allen-Bradley in 1958, the United States Cybersecurity Enhancement
of a DMC algorithm, saving the petrochemical retiring in 1997 as Rockwell Automation’s vice Act of 2014 the federal government’s plans to
Titans of au
industry millions of dollars. president of technology. combat cyberattacks.

OPC UA large libraries of open source frameworks, and software modules

OPC UA (IEC 62541) is a making it practical to apply it in a significantly wide range of ap-
service-oriented architecture plications. Machine learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelli-
(SOA) that bridges industrial gence based on the idea that systems can learn from data, identify
automation with the latest patterns, and make decisions with minimal human intervention.
computing and IoT technolo- ML applies algorithms and statistical models to analyze and pre-
gies. It supplies high-quality, dict future performance without being explicitly programmed to
contextual data based on perform the task.
application-oriented data models. OPC UA is a unifying tech- The iterative aspect of machine learning is important, because
nology; members of the OPC Foundation include suppliers of as models are exposed to new data they automatically adapt and
automation, PLCs, DCSs, sensors, industrial software, enterprise learn from previous computations to produce reliable, repeat-
resource planning, and cloud services. OPC UA is becoming a able decisions and results. To-
key technology for integration of IT and OT. day the ability to automatically
OPC UA can be deployed in any operating system, including apply complex mathematical
Windows, Linux, real-time operating systems, and proprietary calculations to big data repeti-
systems. Consistent with modern software practice, OPC UA is tively with high-performance,
open source and available on the open source GitHub website. low-cost computing is driving
The basic principles of service-oriented architecture are in- applications such as:
dependent of vendors, products, and technologies for seam- ● self-driving cars
less interoperability. OPC UA has become the unifying system ● Amazon and Netflix online
architecture to communicate data and information from many recommendations
industrial automation disciplines efficiently and effectively. ● fraud detection.
Working with various standards groups, the OPC Foundation In the past, applications had to be built from scratch. Now
jointly created standardized information models, defined in “off-the-shelf” solutions implemented in common open-
Companion Specifications, to achieve interoperability from source frameworks (e.g., TensorFlow, PyTorch, Scikit-learn)
sensors to enterprise without layers of software for translation make it possible to rapidly create applications.
and normalization to disparate systems. Predictive maintenance using machine learning is increas-
ing the uptime of manufacturing and process production lines
Machine learning by eliminating breakdowns that by their nature are disruptive
The application of machine learning is accelerating with high- unplanned events. By monitoring equipment and benchmark-
performance, lower-cost hardware, lower-cost data acquisition, ing against models and rules, systems can predict problems and
Vint Cerf, father of the Internet

Peter G. Martin, automation renaissance man Vint Cerf, widely known as a “Father of the
Peter G. Martin has been an industry con- Internet,” is the codesigner of the TCP/IP
tributor, innovator, author, and champion of protocols and the architecture of the Internet.
industrial control and automation for over In December 1997, President Bill Clinton
40 years. Martin was named one of the “50 presented the U.S. National Medal of Technol-
Most Influential Innovators of All Time” ogy to Cerf and his colleague Robert E. Kahn.
by ISA. In 2009, he received the ISA Life In 2005, President George Bush gave him the
Achievement Award, recognizing his work in Presidential Medal of Freedom. Cerf began
integrating financial and production measures his work at the U.S. Department of Defense
that improve the profitability and performance Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA),
of industrial process plants. Martin, who playing a key role in leading the development
began his process control career at Foxboro, of Internet and Internet-related data packet
holds multiple patents, including patents for and security technologies. Since 2005, he has
real-time activity-based costing, closed-loop served as vice president and chief Internet
business control, and asset and resource mod- evangelist for Google. From 2000–2007,
eling. He has authored or coauthored three he served as chairman of the board of the
books: Bottom Line Automation; Dynamic Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
Performance Management: The Pathway to Numbers (ICANN), an organization he helped
World-Class Manufacturing; and Automation form. Cerf was a founding president of the
Made Easy: Everything You Wanted to Know Internet Society from 1992–1995, and in
utomation
About Automation – and Need to Ask. 1999 served a term as chairman of the board.

advise maintenance workers to make repairs before problems process components communicate and cooperate with each
cascade into larger failures. In addition, embedded processors other directly. A major goal is applying low-cost mass produc-
with sensors are being added to specific pieces of equipment tion efficiencies to achieve make-to-order manufacturing of
to analyze and alert maintenance about impending problems. quantity one by using embedded processing and communica-
Machine learning is also being applied as part of the closed- tions. Production and logistics processes are integrated intel-
loop strategy for control and automation to improve machine ligently across company boundaries, creating a real-time lean
and process performance. manufacturing ecosystem that is more efficient and flexible.
Industry 4.0 initiatives The digital twin

Industry 4.0 is focused on The digital twin has become one of the most powerful concepts
the application of a range of of Industry 4.0. The implementation of model-based, real-time,
new technologies to create closed-loop monitoring, control, and optimization of the en-
efficient self-managing pro- tire manufacturing and production process, the digital twin
duction processes using IoT concept is helping organizations achieve real-time integrated
and open software and manufacturing.
communications standards The fundamental idea of the digital twin is to have a virtual
that allow sensors, control- model of ideal manufacturing operations and processes. This
lers, people, machines, equipment, logistics systems, and prod- model will benchmark the actual production metrics in real
ucts to communicate and cooperate with each other directly. time. The broadest imple-
Germany’s Industrie 4.0 initiative has influenced thinking mentation models include
throughout the world and become a model for other initiatives all of the factors that affect
and cooperative efforts, including Made in China 2025, Japan efficiency and profitabil-
Industrial Value Chain Initiative (www.iv-i.org), Make in India, ity of production, including
and Smart Manufacturing Leadership Coalition (SMLC). machines, processes, labor,
A core tenant of Industry 4.0 is that automation systems must incoming material quality,
adopt open source, multivendor, interoperability software order flow, and economic
application and communication standards similar to those that factors. Organizations can
exist for computers, the Internet, and cell phones. Industry 4.0 use this wealth of informa-
demonstrations acknowledge this by using existing standards, tion to identify and predict
including the ISA-88 batch standards, ISA-95 enterprise-con- problems before they dis-
trol systems integration standards, OPC UA, IEC 6-1131-3, and rupt efficient production.
PLCopen. The digital twin is a promi-
The Industry 4.0 initiative started as one part of a 10-point nent example of practical macro-level, closed-loop control that
high-tech German strategic plan created in 2006. On 14 July is feasible with the advanced hardware, software, sensors, and
2010, the German cabinet decided to continue the strategy by systems technology now available. A critical part of the creation
introducing the High-Tech Strategy 2020 initiative focusing the of a digital twin is the need to have a complete information set,
country’s research and innovation policy on selected forward- including the capture of real-time information with a wide range
looking projects related to scientific and technological develop- of sensors based on these requirements. Industry 4.0 is a practical
ments over 10 to 15 years. Industry 4.0 is a vision of integrated application of the latest technologies, including IoT, to integrate
industry implemented by leveraging computing, software, and manufacturing and business systems.
Internet technologies. The 4.0 refers to the idea of a Fourth
Industrial Revolution: Cloud and edge computing
l First: production mechanization using water and steam power Cloud computing is affecting a wide range of applications,
l Second: mass production (Henry Ford often cited as the including industrial automation, by providing easy-to-use,
innovator) high-performance computing and storage that does not re-
l Third: digital revolution (e.g., machine tool numerical con- quire a large capital investment or ongoing overhead sup-
trol, programmable logic controllers, direct digital control, port costs of in-house computers and servers. Cloud pro-
and enterprise resource planning) viders, including Microsoft Azure
l Fourth: Industry 4.0 leveraging cyber-physical systems, and Amazon Web Services, have a
embedded computing, Internet of Things technologies variety of software tools (i.e., data
The German strategy emphasizes cooperation between analysis and predictive) that the
industry and science to promote closer links between knowl- general industrial sector and pro-
edge and skills. cess automation plants can use to
The vision of Industry 4.0 is significantly higher productiv- solve manufacturing, production,
ity, efficiency, and self-managing production processes where and business challenges. Many in-
people, machines, equipment, logistics systems, and work-industrial automation applications,

such as historians, condition-based maintenance, predictive The develop-

maintenance, asset management, and failure analysis, are ment of this new
now more cost effective with cloud computing technology. class of robots
Cloud computing leverages shared resources and econo- is similar to how
mies of scale similar to an electric utility, providing almost the application
limitless computing power and massive storage on demand. of computers ex-
Edge computing, a deployment of low-cost and high-perfor- panded with the
mance computing (including communications) is becoming development of
commonplace. It brings computation and data storage closer the PC. In the
to the location where it is needed to improve response times, beginning, com-
add context to data, and perform functions required locally. puters were ex-
In the history of computers and industrial automation, pro- pensive, power-
cessing has always been pushed as far to the edge of the net- ful devices locked
work as practical with the technology at the time. Today, edge away in special rooms and programmed by software special-
devices can be small blind node computers or SoC embed- ists who wrote cryptic computer code. Because the cost to
ded in sensors, actuators, and other devices extremely cost implement solutions was high, few applications used com-
effectively. Putting this in context, consider the power and puters. When PCs were introduced, they did not have the
cost of your smartphone today. computational power of mainframes and minicomputers
These computing devices are platforms for a wide range nor the large amount of memory. But with their lower cost
of software, including IoT, IEC 61131-3 PLC, OPC UA, and and flexibility, people were empowered to apply computers
MQTT, cloud interfaces, time series databases, HMIs, and to a wider range of applications. This factor, coupled with
analytics. ISA-95 Level 0–2 functions and portions of Level 3 simplified programming, led to a revolution in the applica-
consistent with the new IoT distributed computing models tion of computers for industrial automation.
can be accomplished in these devices. These new collaborative robots cannot pick up an engine
The growing acceptance of industrial sensor networks cou- block, but they can perform a great variety of tasks with
pled with edge devices will see more applications deployed smaller payloads, typically 10–30 kilograms. Collaborative
on these open system devices rather than PLC and DCS con- robots can flawlessly perform repetitive, mundane, and dan-
trollers. Edge computing devices deploy both industrial and gerous tasks that were previously performed by an opera-
enterprise networking and communication functions to help tor. Operators no longer are forced to stand at a machine for
seamlessly integrate IT and OT. hours doing mindless work or working in a hazardous envi-
ronment. This improves productivity and quality while free-
Collaborative robots ing up workers for tasks that require human skills.
Collaborative robots (cobots) are a new breed of lightweight Cobots are now one of the fastest-growing industrial auto-
and inexpensive robots that work cooperatively with people mation segments; it is expected to jump tenfold to 34 percent
in a production environment. They are a new way to imple- of all industrial robot sales by 2025, according to the Robotic
ment flexible manufacturing without extensive plant floor Industries Association (RIA) (www.robotics.org/blog-article.
retrofits and large capital investment. Cobots are inherently cfm/Collaborative-Robots-Market-Update-2018/84). An excit-
safe; they sense humans and other obstacles and automati- ing development is the coupling of collaborative robots with
cally stop, so they do not cause harm or destruction. Protec- vision systems, image recognition, and artificial intelligence
tive fences and cages are not required, increasing flexibility that replicate human manufacturing procedures.
and lowering implementation costs. Collaborative robots have lowered the barriers to automa-
These robots are particularly attractive investments for tion. A broad range of users, particularly small and medium
small- to medium-sized companies. The programming enterprises, can implement them without sophisticated
process of this new class of robots is greatly simplified and automation personnel. The flexibility of collaborative robots
does not require programming gurus. The robots can be pro- enables the automation of functions that were not practical
grammed by example or with software that is similar to gam- in the past. Collaborative robots are also suitable for produc-
ing. Most tasks can be accomplished with no programming tion with make-to-order requirements, since they are easily
skills simply by moving the robot arms and end effectors, programmed to do multiple tasks. n
teaching the robot what to do. The robot memorizes the
motions and creates the program. This is a physical form
of the popular computer concept called “what you see is ABOUT THE AUTHOR
what you get” (WYSIWYG) programming. It is intuitive for Bill Lydon ([email protected]) is an InTech contributing editor with more
users and has proven to broaden the application of tech- than 25 years of industry experience. He regularly provides news re-
nology. The typical cost is less than $40,000 U.S. Simplified ports, observations, and insights here and on Automation.com.
programming means collaborative robots can be deployed
without hiring specialized engineers. View the online version at www.isa.org/intech/20201001.

years
ISA members remember

M I L E S TO N E S
1945 1947 1948 1954 1955 1956
Instrument Society of The first ISA logo is ISA charters its first ISA launches ISA Northern Indiana Industry divisions and
America is officially adopted student subsection Journal; names Section elects Virginia technical committees
founded on 28 April; at Siena College, William Kushnick the W. Zugbaum, first debut; ISA Exposition
elects Albert F. Sperry Loudonville, N.Y., U.S. first executive director female president of a has 36,000 attendees
as president section

ISA HISTORY
W
hether they find ISA because they want to improve their skills, help others,
advance their professional prospects, or some combination of all three,
members are the heart of ISA—the International Society of Automation.
With almost 40,000 members around the world, ISA is a diverse and active com-
munity of professionals and aspiring professionals (students) who share the goal of
creating a better world through automation. Professional Members come from 116
countries and gather (virtually, nowadays) in groups represented by 131 sections. Sixty
countries boast Student Member groups, and thousands of Automation Community
subscribers can be found in every region of the world.
For 75 years, ISA Leadership Members have been those who go the extra step to
volunteer. The Annual Leadership Conference (ALC) was to have been the focal-point
of in-person celebrations around this milestone 75th anniversary. But then came
months of pandemic travel restrictions, remote connections via virtual meeting spac-
es, and social distancing requirements that made IRL (in real life) gatherings impos-
sible. Suddenly magazines like InTech could fill a new role.
To give members at all levels and in all geographies a taste of the knowledge, stories,
and history embedded in our membership, we reached out to past presidents, ISA
Fellows, and regular rank-and-file members willing to reminisce and remember. In
the following pages, you will hear stories, note a few names dropped, and get more
than a little history. The shenanigans of the ALC will have to wait until next year, when
the group plans to meet in Puerto Rico. That gives new members plenty of time to
step up to leadership roles and make their own history.
—Renee Bassett, Chief Editor, InTech
Accomplishments and plans for professional success

1966 1967 1969 1970 1971 1974
Herbert S. Kindler ISA Journal Lloyd F. Williams ISA opens a new ISA reports first Mexico Section is
becomes executive is renamed becomes the headquarters in operational cuts; chartered, the first
director Instrumentation 20,000th member Pittsburgh; celebrates membership declines section outside of the
Technology of ISA “Silver Jubilee” 25th in response to poor U.S. and Canada
anniversary economy

ISA HISTORY
PAST PRESIDENTS
1990: A stellar year of advancing the profession
T
he 1989–90 Society year got off to a great start with being made in Texas and several other states. This work led
an almost ready-made agenda. The executive board to the certification program adopted by ISA to certify three
had just culminated more than two years of effort by levels of technicians and create the Certified Automation
adopting the Society’s first strategic plan. It was clear that in Professional (CAP) designation through an examination pro-
the coming year the first priority was to address the imple- cess. Stout’s efforts at the state level were ultimately success-
mentation of the plan. The Society had just ended the most ful: All but three states now recognize the control systems
successful year ever in terms of growth, income, and enthu- engineering discipline.
siastic member participation in the many benefits offered by
the Society. So, our second priority was to keep this ball rolling.
The Society had also recently purchased Programmable
Thomas Stout, PhD, organized an effort to
Controls magazine. This provided a flagship publication with have states recognize control system
an audited readership of 45,000 and the potential of adding
significantly to the Society’s membership. Developing and
engineering as a separate discipline.
implementing a plan to take advantage of this became the
third priority. The fourth priority was expanding our inter- The president’s summer meeting in June, held in Williams-
national membership by generating additional sections and burg, Va., saw further development of the strategic plan
entities we dubbed “regions” to take in expanded geographi- implementation. The board adopted a set of goal clarifica-
cal areas. The fifth priority was a catch-all for any issues that tions and plans on how to proceed. Further, there were in-
arose in the course of the coming year. tense discussions about how to attract “computer-based”
The president’s winter meeting in San Diego kicked off the process control practitioners to the Society (priority 3).
strategic plan implementation. Attendance at this meeting Should they form a sister Society, a division within the Soci-
was the highest ever and was accompanied by a report that ety, or something else? The debate was heated at times, but
membership in the Society was on the rise. In addition, it was there was progress toward making a specific proposal.
reported that the annual conference and exhibit to be held in In the meantime, work on the expansion of ISA contin-
New Orleans had already sold out, the earliest in history, and ued through international outreach (priority 4). At that time,
had been expanded an extra 10,000 sq. ft. (to 220,000 sq. ft.) District 12 vice president David Morrow had his hands full,
to accommodate the overflow. since this work encompassed the U.K., Europe, the Middle
In the meantime, recognition of ISA practitioners as pro- East, and India—a rather large and diverse collection for one
fessionals was making great strides due to the efforts of one person to manage.
member, Thomas Stout, PhD, who had initially organized an The first steps to expand and to restructure began that sum-
effort to have states recognize control system engineering as mer. Trips to India resulted in issuing three charters in dif-
a separate discipline in the professional engineering realm. ferent geographical areas of the country and also the start of
The going was slow, but Stout was patient and progress was the notion to consider forming regions, with India being one
M I L E S TO N E S
1974 1976 1977 1978 1978 1980
Russel A. Schlegel ISA accredited by Glenn Harvey is Instrumentation Automation 78 held ISA moves into new
appointed executive ANSI, only fourth named executive Technology magazine in Mexico City, first headquarters in
director organization to director renamed InTech ISA expo outside of Research Triangle
achieve this the U.S. and Canada Park, N.C., U.S.

ISA HISTORY
of them. This idea eventually took hold, and the European maturity of ISA. A historical collection of technology advances,
Region was created, with others to follow in time. Additional created for the anniversary, remains on display in the lobby at
efforts to organize Finland and Singapore were also pursued. ISA in Research Triangle Park, N.C., U.S.
In the meantime, membership moved toward 50,000.
The year culminated with the largest ISA Conference and The Society was at full maturity at 50 years
Exhibit ever held, with the number of exhibitors and attend-
ees breaking all records. The executive team of the Society
old, leading the industry in standards, training,
was most thankful to the membership for their efforts in credentialing, conferences, and publications.
making this a banner year, as well as to the ISA staff who had
done a stellar job of carrying out the will of the membership. The executive board that year approved the establishment of
the Certified Control System Technician (CCST) program. This
William Calder, 1990 Society was the first step in setting up the qualifications and process
President, ISA Fellow for individuals to obtain this important professional credential.
View more online at www.isa.org/intech/calder Lowell McCaw was the instrumental leader in coordinating this
major step for ISA.
This was in the years of rapid advances in instrumentation
and control technology internationally. The Foundation Field-
bus group had been formed in 1994, and its use was growing in
all industry segments. The automation community was inter-
ested in more efficient and effective means of controlling pro-
1995: ISA’s 50th and the cesses. With the advent and application of the microprocessor
technology in the 1980s and early 1990s, electronic transmitters
advent of ‘smart’ were undergoing rapid changes. They were now “smart” and
W
ith the initial formation of the Society in 1945, ISA cel- much smaller because of their digital technology, which brought
ebrated its 50th Anniversary in 1995. I had the privi- about changes in engineering, design, and manufacturing
lege and honor of being the ISA president that year. processes.
The 1995 ISA executive board was composed of an outstand- The year 1995 was exciting for the automation, instrumenta-
ing group of individuals who served the Society well at that time tion, and controls industry, as well as for ISA. The Society was
and into the future. Along with past president Blair Ives, treasur- at full maturity at 50 years old, with a track record of leading the
er Bob Lindner, and president-elect Ron Jones, there were five industry in standards, training, credentialing, conferences, and
future presidents of ISA on that board. They were Paul Arbuckle publications.
(1997), Perry Grady (2000), Lowell McCaw (2004), Steve Huffman
(2007), and Gerald Cockrell (2009).
Gerald Wilbanks, PE, 1995 Society
A coffee table book, Milestones in Measurement and Control –
President, ISA Fellow
Celebrating Fifty Years of ISA, was produced by an assigned task
View more online at www.isa.org/intech/wilbanks
force. This publication outlined the many achievements and
activities of ISA over the first 50 years and was made available
for members and others in the industry to purchase. It remains a
primary document to summarize the founding, expansion, and
1982 1983 1986 1987 1992 1993
ISA serves as admin ISA opens ISA reaches 36,000 ISA awards Henry First instrumentation ISA opens European
secretariat to the U.S. International Training global members C. Frost a Lifetime technicians Training Center in The
Tech Advisory Group Center in Research representing 97 Achievement Award certification debuts, Netherlands
of IEC Triangle Park, N.C., countries now known as
U.S. CCST program

ISA HISTORY
1996: Standards activity starts in earnest
A
s a young engineer more than 50 years ago, I was en- 10–50 mA. ISA’s standards activity was just getting started in
couraged to join ISA to learn more about automation earnest and led the way in the industry to benefit everyone.
and control. It was an event that shaped my educa- From there the technology has advanced at a breathtaking
tion, technical growth, and personal growth. pace. And ISA has been in the forefront! This has been a
During my time in the Society, I was counseled and men- signature moment for the Society, and I believe that the
tored by some of the most outstanding people in the auto- Society will continue in its leadership role.
mation and control technology field. I remember Paul Wing ISA is a technical organization. But more than that, it is
of Masoneilan, Greg Shinskey of Foxboro, Vic Maggioli, and a people organization, and that is where its strength lies.
Hans Baumann were among those giants in technology that
helped shape my career. There are many others still active
in the Society who are true visionaries in our technology, I remember the fight to standardize electronic
like Paul Gruhn for process safety and Gerald Wilbanks for
technical excellence.
control: 4–20 mA versus 10–50 mA.
As the incoming section president back then, I attended
my first president’s meeting in Portland, not knowing what
Throughout my time in the Society, it was always the peo-
to expect or how I would be accepted. It was an experience
ple in the Society who really gave me the most benefit. The
that I have never forgotten. Everyone there demonstrated
personal interactions with the members provided the most
that ISA is an open Society. I could do as much or as little as I
satisfaction, understanding, and personal growth that I ex-
wanted, and get involved where my interests took me. Being
perienced. From Brazil, Mexico, Canada, Europe, and the
able to expand my technical education through S&P activ-
U.S., the members of ISA defined its strength. Unfortu-
ity and division involvement increased my technical value to
nately, I never had the opportunity to travel to India dur-
my employer. The contacts developed through those activi-
ing my leadership time, but those contacts and visits that
ties provided long-term benefits. That is the most important
I did make truly made my time in ISA something that I will
contribution that ISA delivered.
always cherish.
As my involvement in the Society increased over the years,
I will always view ISA’s impact on my personal and tech-
I was mentored by many people who helped me understand
nical life as wonderfully fulfilling.
how the Society worked and why the Society operated that
way. I learned that the Society was and is truly a work in
Ronald B. Jones, PE (ret),
progress, changing to meet both technology and member-
1996 Society President
ship demands. Keith Herbst and Bill Calder were some of the
View more online at www.isa.org/intech/jones
many leaders who provided keen insight and guidance to me.
How that technology has changed! I started out in this
business with electromechanical and pneumatic controls.
And not everything in a central control room. I remember
the fight to standardize electronic control: 4–20 mA versus
M I L E S TO N E S
1994 1994 1995 1997 2000 2002
ISA launches ISA The name of the ISA reaches 50,000 ISA consolidates Council of Society Members elect first
Online, its first web Society is changed global members and headquarters and Delegates votes to non–North American
presence, at www. to ISA, The celebrates its 50th training center into change the name to ISA President:
ISA.org International Society anniversary new building in ISA, The Instrumentation, Piergiuseppe (Pino)
for Measurement and Research Triangle Systems, and Zani, founder of API
Control Park, N.C., U.S. Automation Society SRL, Milan, Italy

ISA HISTORY
2001: Taking action after the twin towers fell
T
he most significant and memorable event of my decided to continue with the “show.”
presidential year occurred during the annual ISA By Wednesday morning, it was apparent that everyone
Conference and Exhibit (C&E) in Houston. On Tues- had their minds on the events unfolding, so we decided
day morning, the second day of the event, I was attend- to close the event at noon Wednesday—one day early. Ev-
ing a breakfast meeting of the Measurement, Control and eryone wanted to do something to help the victims, so we
Automation Association when the master of ceremonies contacted the Houston blood bank and conducted a very
(MC) announced that an airplane had crashed into one of successful blood drive at the convention center.
the towers of the World Trade Center. Those participants in the C&E who had flown into Hous-
I, and most of the attendees, assumed that it was a small ton initially were unable to fly back home. ISA staff char-
tered a Greyhound bus to transport the staff and a few
volunteers back to Research Triangle Park. International
The city council of Houston recognized our visitors were forced to remain in Houston until airlines
civic duty with ISA Day. resumed flights, but some Canadians rented cars and
drove all the way back to Canada. Many visitors from all
over the U.S. did likewise. I was fortunate to have driven
plane that had somehow malfunctioned and accidently my vehicle to Houston from New Orleans, so I could return
crashed into the building, so the meeting continued. A home on Thursday.
few minutes later, the MC announced that a second plane Two months later, the city council of Houston recognized
had crashed into the other twin tower. At that point, we all our civic action to help the victims by issuing a proclama-
knew that something significant was happening. tion declaring ISA Day in Houston.
The meeting was immediately adjourned, and I returned
to my hotel room to find my wife, Betty, watching horrific Robert M. Bailliet, PE (retired), ISA Fellow,
scenes of the burning buildings and a replay of the sec- 2001 Society President
ond plane crashing into the building. I contacted execu- View more online at www.isa.org/intech/bailliet
tive director Jim Pearson, and we called a meeting of key
ISA leaders and staff to discuss our course of action for the
C&E. By the time we met, all air traffic had been shut down,
so participants were stranded in Houston. We therefore
International Society of Automation

Setting the Standard for Automation™
2004 2006 2006 2007 2008 2008
Certified Automation Pat Gouhin is named Automation ISA Security Members elect Kim Council of Society
Professional (CAP) executive director Federation is founded Compliance Institute Miller Dunn, the first Delegates votes to
program launched as “a unifying force debuts to bridge female ISA president change the name of
for progress in the gap between the Society to ISA,
automation” standards and their International Society of
implementation Automation

ISA HISTORY
2007: Workforce development, standards compliance, and more
I
entered my year as president with some very definite automation as a career path with a growing shortage of prac-
plans to implement without realizing that a president’s titioners, and ISA—by applying our core competencies—as
turn in the barrel is not very long. As president-elect a source of training, certifications, standards, etc. in concert
secretary under president Ken Baker, I pursued the idea of with the expertise of our many active members.
creating some form of vehicle for users to assure compliance In 2007, I was also chairman of the Automation Federation,
to ISA standards. With a large amount of help from Ed Marszal founded the year before to be an umbrella organization to
(ISA-84 proponent and president of Kenexis) over dinner af- attract other organizations either dedicated to or with interest
ter a day at Control Expo–Mexico in summer of 2006, we de- in some facet of automation. Much of ISA’s workforce activity
veloped a proposal for acceptance by the executive commit- and advocacy was taken up by the Automation Federation in
tee. It was heavily aimed toward ISA-84, which was thought
to be low-hanging fruit at the time.
Though circumstances changed the initial implementa- Membership organizations are only as good as
tion plan from safety to security, the ISA Automation Stan-
dards Compliance Institute (ASCI) began life on my watch as
the volunteers willing to dedicate some part of
a vehicle using industry institute members to see to compli- themselves for the greater good.
ance of ISA standards. Under ASCI, this began with the ISA
Security Compliance Institute, constructed the same way,
the following years. This led to numerous successes, includ-
and later the ISA Wireless Compliance Institute (WCI).
ing our development of the Automation Competency Model
My primary plan during 2007 was to create a driven work-
in partnership with the U.S. Department of Labor in 2008 and
force-development program, a plan to engage members for
critically reviewed and reissued in 2011, 2014, and 2018. I still
promotion and advancement of the profession of automation.
believe the external focus is critical for our Society to trumpet
Planting the flag for our profession with an external focus was
the great things ISA volunteers do for industry, our profession,
the goal by engaging industry, academia, and government as
and life in general.
a call to action. In 2004, we had created our own ISA Certifi-
Membership organizations are only as good as the vol-
cation for Automation Professionals (CAP), which provided
unteers willing to dedicate some part of themselves for the
a lot of definition as to the perceived scope of industrial and
greater good.
process automation as ISA would see it. The book, A Guide to
the Automation Body of Knowledge, edited by the late Vernon
Steve Huffman, 2007 Society
Trevathan, served to guide readers toward CAP. Many of the
President, ISA Fellow
plans and activities were driven by CAP as a cornerstone to
View more online at www.isa.org/intech/huffman01
build upon, which included certifying practitioners from oth-
er countries or those who were working in global companies.
Beyond this aggressive plan, I was also invested in mak-
ing the Society more global in stature. Trips to Mexico, Brazil,
Russia, China, and Singapore were all about recognizing both
M I L E S TO N E S
GLOBAL
CYBERSECURITY
ALLIANCE
2008 2014 2015 2018 2019 2020
ISA Wireless Members elect Peggy ISA acquires Mary Ramsey is ISA launches the ISA celebrates 75
Compliance Institute Koon, the first African Automation.com named executive Global Cybersecurity years
founded to bridge American president director Alliance
the gap between
standards and their
implementation

ISA HISTORY
2008: Fully in the information age

T
he year 2008 was the year of bailouts (Bear Stearns, but I still see operators with clipboards gathering data in
Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, Lehman Brothers); the plants. Go figure! However, plants are realizing the benefit
stock market had the worst crash since the Great of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), digital transforma-
Depression; oil hit an all-time high of $147 per barrel, causing tion, and extreme data crunching thanks to the foresight of
inflation and unemployment; Fidel Castro stepped down as people in 2008 and earlier who made “wireless” a relevant
prime minister of Cuba after almost 50 years of rule; Apple re- and important topic.
leased the iPhone 3G; Google beta tested the Chrome browser; A few other firsts during my term: First woman to serve as
Hulu was launched; favorite television shows were American Society president, ringing in an era of inclusion and diversity
Idol, Dancing With the Stars, NCIS, Sunday Night Football, and for ISA. The photos that line the lobby of ISA headquarters
Desperate Housewives. But the most controversial and hottest shifted from black and white to color in 2008. Most impor-
topic of conversation at the October leaders meeting of ISA had tantly, I was the first post–Baby Boomer who served as presi-
to be the Society name change. dent—depending on when you declare the end of the Baby
It was not my idea to change our name from “Instrument, Boomer era and how much I fib about my age. But I have it on
Systems and Automation” to the “International Society of Au- good authority that I am what is known as a “cusper”—one
tomation.” I simply picked up the flag and carried through hovering somewhere between the Baby Boomers and Gen X
what Steve Huffman had begun a year earlier. Today, as we on the generational spectrum.
enter what can only be known as the Information Age, it is My biggest disappointment from my term as ISA president
hard to believe it was so difficult to come to consensus on must be not getting, “We Control the World” agreed upon as
something so fundamental as a name. I don’t believe the gen- ISA’s slogan. Sure, “Setting the Standard for Automation” is
eral public today has a better understanding of what auto- a great branding statement and is much more professional
mation professionals do, any more than they did in 2008, but and slightly less egotistical. But don’t we, as automation pro-
they think they understand what the International Society of fessionals, ultimately control the world today? Automation is
Automation means—and that is probably what counts. everywhere and is advancing at a pace the founding mem-
In 2008, ISA was learning how to effectively use the World bers of the Instrument Society of America could never have
Wide Web to reach out to a new generation of automation imagined. And we are the lucky ones who design, build, sell,
professionals. As an organization, we had used Internet tools install, and operate the technology moving us forward. I will
for years, but not to the full extent possible as a strong mar- go to my grave believing that as members of ISA and the
keting arm. With a little coaxing from some very enthusiastic automation profession, We Control the World.
staff members, I am proud to say that I was the first Society
president to have a presidential blog. Kim Dunn,
In 2008, a new standards war was also raging over a wire- 2008 Society President
less communications standard, ISA100. It is amazing to me View more online at www.isa.org/intech/dunn
that what we have adopted today in our lives at home via
Siri, Alexa, and Google Home is being adopted at a seeming
snail’s pace by industry. I can operate my HVAC, garage door,
lights, and even kitchen appliances remotely and wirelessly,
75 years of ISA presidents

1946 Alfred F. Sperry* 1959 H. C. Frost* 1972 John T. Anagnost*
1947 C. O. Fairchild* 1960 J. Johnston, Jr.* 1973 H.T. Marcy
1948 P. G. Exline* 1961 Dr. Ralph H. Tripp* 1974 W. S. Bloor*
1949 C. F. Kayan* 1962 Philip A. Sprague* 1975 Walter A. Bajek*
1950 R. J. S. Pigott* 1963 Nathan Cohn* 1976 Naumann, Albert*
1951 J. B. McMahon* 1964 Allen E. Lee* 1977 John R. Mahoney, Jr.*
1952 Dr. Arnold O. Beckman* 1965 William A. Crawford* 1978 Hugh S. Wilson*
1953 P. Hart* 1966 Dr. John G. Truxal* 1979 Dr. Norman E. Huston*
1954 William A. Wildhack* 1967 Alonzo R. Parsons* 1980 J. R. Middleton*
1955 Warren H. Brand* 1968 Harold J. Bowman* 1981 Darrell R. Harting*
1956 Robert T. Sheen* 1969 Dr. Theodore J. Williams* 1982 Louis G. Good*
1957 J. T. Vollbrecht* 1970 Thomas J. Kehoe* 1983 Dr. Leslie M. Zoss*
1958 Robert J. Jeffries* 1971 Douglas C. Strain, PE 1984 Max J. Kopp*

ISA HISTORY
2009: From student games to Russia section programs
M
y year as ISA president started 1 January 2009. My The 15th class was completed in May 2019, and we look forward
ISA career focused on bringing increased aware- to the next class starting this fall. Also, an annual International
ness and interest in instrumentation and automa- Student Conference developed and offered by Indiana State
tion to students of all ages. Starting when I was District 6 vice University (ISU) and SUAI has given students the opportunity
president, a small group of ISA colleagues and I started think- to present papers on projects to a global audience. This pro-
ing about how we could engage young people in the field and gram is also still offered. The ISA Student Scholarship program
profession. Early efforts produced a competition with students is an ongoing program that awards monetary funds to top-level
solving automation-related problems and participating in a college and university students from around the world.
“quiz bowl.” Major work on these things were completed in There have been a number of changes to the automation
District 6 and 8. profession in the 10 years since my term in office. As a per-
These efforts eventually produced the International Student son who joined the Instrument Society of America in 1985, the
Games. The games were run in a number of districts with changes are no less than astounding. The advances in tech-
winners having the opportunity to travel to the ISA Conference nology are difficult to explain. It is like explaining to grandchil-
and Exhibit to participate in the International Student Games dren that we once had cellphones that were in a bag or the size
event. It was a success as both a competition and as a vehicle to of a brick. Their look of disbelief is humorous to those who
increase awareness of the profession. lived through that time.
Once I became ISA president-elect, my excitement was The advances in computers, software, networking, and
quite high to increase my focus on students and future auto- smart sensors in our field make it obvious and fortuitous
mation professionals. But, if you remember, the huge thing that we, as an organization, had the foresight to change our
that occurred in 2009 was 2008—that year of turmoil in the name from “instrumentation” to “automation.” The technol-
financial markets and the world economy. It became clear ogy dictated this change. We are indebted to the leaders who
early in my year as president that this was going to become made that decision.
my focus. We made some very hard decisions in an effort to From my observations, ISA beyond the 75th year is strong
stabilize ISA financially. I am proud to have worked with a very in terms of service to the profession. Our field of automation
effective board of directors and ISA staff to help ensure the encompasses many new focus areas that we may not have
future success of ISA. considered part of our field. We should not hesitate to claim
Memories of my year as president include trips to Russia, new and emerging automation applications as our own. After
Brazil, Mexico, India, U.S., and Canada, to name a few desti- all, we are the automation society for the world.
nations, and special times with sections to speak to members
about the Society. The chance to bring ISA to the members Gerald W. Cockrell, CAP,
and speak about the great things occurring to the benefit of 2009 Society President
the members was very special. View more online at www.isa.org/intech/cockrell
Some accomplishments at the top of my list include my ef-
forts with the Russia Section and St. Petersburg State Univer-
sity of Aerospace Instrumentation (SUAI). We still offer a Skype
course for SUAI students on project management principles.
75 years of ISA presidents

1985 Marland L. Stanley 1998 Hugh Roser 2011 Leo H. Staples
1986 Dr. Thomas J. Harrison* 1999 Ron Dieck 2012 Robert Lindeman
1987 S. V. Weiss* 2000 Perry Grady 2013 Terrence Ives
1988 Dr. Chun H. Cho 2001 Robert M. Bailliet 2014 Dr. Peggie W. Koon
1989 Keith S. Herbst* 2002 Piergiuseppe Zani 2015 Richard W. Roop
1990 William Calder 2003 Robert P. Ives 2016 James W. Keaveney
1991 Alan J. Robertson 2004 Lowell E. McCaw* 2017 Steven W. Pflantz
1992 David N. Bishop* 2005 Donald W. Zee 2018 Brian J. Curtis
1993 Howard P. Zinschlag 2006 Kenneth R. Baker 2019 Paul Gruhn
1994 C. B. Ives, Jr.* 2007 Stephen R. Huffman 2020 Eric C. Cosman
1995 W. G. Wilbanks, PE 2008 Kim Miller Dunn
*Deceased
1996 Ronald B. Jones, PE 2009 Dr. Gerald W. Cockrell
1997 Paul T. Arbuckle 2010 Nelson Ninin

ISA HISTORY
2012: Engaging the wider automation community

S
erving as president of ISA in 2012 was a wonderful and to the technical world while maintaining trusted content.
fulfilling experience for me and my family. I was told The first steps were taken with the roll out of the ISA Inter-
then that a one-year term was too short to make a big change blog.
impact and must admit I felt that way while it was happen- We put in place a new honors and awards program: ISA –
ing. Looking back makes me reevaluate that premise. Celebrating Excellence. Thanks to a special task force formed
We made significant progress in establishing automa- by the Honors and Awards Committee and headed by Peg-
tion curriculums at varying technical levels appropriate for gie Koon, PhD, this new program reinvigorated our long-
instruction at community colleges, and as part of understanding practice of recognizing individuals and compa-
graduate and graduate degree programs. nies who have made significant technical contributions in
We also instituted two new membership categories: the fields dealing with automation, as well as honoring mem-
Automation Community Member and the Automation Affil- bers of ISA for their service to our society. Our new program
iate Member. These new categories were developed by our includes awards for both technical contributions and ISA
ISA image and membership department to offer a broader service recognition.
automation professional audience a taste of the ISA experi-
ence while lowering the cost of entry to the Society. Through Robert Lindeman, 2012 Society
these new membership options, ISA laid the groundwork to President, ISA Fellow
engage a wider portion of the global automation communi- View more online at www.isa.org/intech/lindeman
ty and to offer them unparalleled access to technical infor-
mation, professional development resources, and opportu-
nities to network with other automation professionals.
ISA Web 2.0 took its initial steps toward being a portal
2014: Many changes, many firsts
H
aving been able to serve as president of ISA was one toward developing a competency-based board.
of the highlights of my professional career—a career In 2014, we held our first executive summit in Greens-
that spanned almost 40 years. On a personal note, boro, N.C. Leaders identified five strategic goals: data,
my presidency year (2014) marked the 20th year of my in- content, coolest delivery, global authority on industrial
volvement in ISA. Of course, I was keenly aware that the Soci- control system cybersecurity, and advocacy of automation
ety had only had one previous female president in its history. as a profession. For the first time, all of ISA leadership and
More importantly, I knew that I was the Society’s first African its constituents had a shared mission, vision, strategy, and
American president. I had had the privilege of working with goals. And for the first time in its history, ISA’s entire stra-
these amazing automation professionals from around the tegic plan could be depicted on a business card!
globe and across a broad spectrum of industry sectors, gov- At the end of my term, I said that ISA’s future was bright.
ernment, and academia in the past, but to have the respon- I still believe that to be true. As ISA moves beyond its 75th
sibility of leading teams of leaders across ISA’s departments anniversary, we must remain agile and have the courage
and in geographic sections was an honor. to embrace and change with the changing face of automa-
My journey began and ended with change and several tion and the automation profession. We must continually
“firsts.” A family conflict caused me to be unable to at- evolve—review, analyze, and change. My advice to Society
tend the 2012 leaders meeting, so my appearance and leaders is to stay agile and open minded while you embrace
presentation before the Nominating Committee was change and innovate. Be willing to morph and change
done via Skype—a first. operational paradigms. Be diverse and inclusive. Find ways
In 2013, as ISA president-elect secretary and chief strat- to practice engagement at all levels.
egy officer, I began leading change, so the Society would
be better positioned to take advantage of both existing and Peggie Koon, PhD, 2014 Society President
new markets by leveraging all its resources—all its entities View more online at www.isa.org/intech/koon
and constituents—around a shared vision. My efforts were
facilitated by the Council of Society Delegates’ change in
governance structure, which moved the responsibility of
setting strategic direction from the strategic planning de-
partment to the executive board. ISA also made first steps

ISA HISTORY
ISA FELLOWS
Harris: A practical tions of two-phase flow; therefore, it is
generally estimated using simulation.
Direct measurement requires an elabo-
ing the delivery of information is a key
area to establish best practices. This will
enable the receiving party to easily take
history rate system to separate the two phases

and measure them.
any action required—even if it is to do
nothing.
I
SA is celebrating 75 years as the Similar situations exist with pressure, Standards. ISA is a leading author-
leading authority in automation. As level, and temperature measurements. ity in the area of personalized data on
an ISA Fellow for 15 years, I offer the Using simple physics-based applica- many fronts. ISA symbology makes
following comments about the past and tions and translating the reading to a it very simple to share the process
future of measurement, communica- primary process variable within a trans- requirements between the system
tion, and standards. mitter to communicate the variable is design and the end user. These sym-
The process under control can be now accomplished with a microengi- bols are then easily translated to the
very simple (i.e., opening a door or set- neered mechanical system (MEMS). human-machine interface (HMI). In
ting the temperature in a kitchen oven) This has improved the accuracy, reli- 1945, these were likely vista-green wall
or complex, with multivariable matrix ability, and other performance charac- boards of the process with the single
optimized functions (i.e., crude oil re- teristics of these devices. A continued loop controllers embedded in the wall.
finery production flow and tempera- focus on key performance characteris- Now the display could be a heads-up
ture controllers). ISA has been involved tics, along with lower power and weight, image that is nearing the holograms of
in making all these systems run at peak will continue. The other changes have Star Wars and other popular cultural
performance with high levels of reli- been to move in concert with changes views of the future.
ability, availability, and safety. in the communication protocol used by As with many things done by ISA,
Measurement. Some things have automation systems. symbology is backed by many differ-
changed over the past 75 years, while Communication. ISA has been lead- ent publications and ISA standards.
others are surprisingly still very much ing the evolution of the communication The standards available from ISA cover
the same. Flow measurement contin- protocol for the past 75 years. Pneu- alarms, safety applications, control
ues to use a handful of technologies. matic controllers were very common in valves, communications, cybersecuri-
Orifice plates, venturi, vortex, and tur- 1945. Many significant advances have ty, and many other topics. These stan-
bine meters are still the primary meters occurred. These will continue, while dards provide an abundance of infor-
applied in oil refineries. More recently, moving toward a fully wireless commu- mation. The addition of specification
some applications have been improved nication world. Information can now be documents to focus the information
with the application of Coriolis, ultra- delivered anywhere on the planet virtu- flow from designer to vendor and end
sonic, and magnetic meters. ally instantaneously. The problem used user is another area for ISA to celebrate
Looking to the future, it is likely that to be how to communicate the most as a beneficial achievement.
flow will continue to be considered recent information to the control sys-
a primary variable worth measuring. tem, and now the focus is how to only James W. Harris, ISA
However, it could be that more and communicate the required information. Fellow (2005)
more flow information will be avail- Alarm overload is also a prominent area View more online at
able using simulation and modeling to of communication problems for opera- www.isa.org/intech/harris
provide the missing information when tors in 2020. As more and more appli-
a direct measurement is not available. cations are available from the cloud or
No simple flowmeter exists for applica- some other virtual location, personaliz-
It is likely that flow will continue to be considered a

primary variable worth measuring.
However, it could be that more and more flow information
will be available using simulation and modeling to
provide the missing information when a direct
measurement is not available.

2021 Executive Board
The International Society of Automation is pleased to introduce the 2021 Executive Board.
President President-elect Secretary Past President Treasurer

Steve Mustard, PE, Carlos Mandolesi Eric Cosman Scott Reynolds
C.Eng., CAP, GICSP Trinity College Dublin OIT Concepts, LLC Johns Manville
National Automation, Inc.
Mark Arkell Mary Ramsey Paulo Vergara

JMP Solutions ISA Zavior S.A.S
Don Bartusiak Rajesh Rathi Ashley Weckwerth, PE
2021
ExxonMobil Control Infotech Burns & McDonnell
Pvt. Ltd.
Ken Belteau, PE Ana Cristina Rodriguez Dr. Maurice Wilkins

Belith Consulting Schneider Electric Yokogawa UK Ltd.
Services
Marty Bince Debashis Sadhukhan, PE Dr. Shari Worthington

TEC Edmonton NASA Glenn Telesian Technology, Inc.
Research Center and
Worcester Polytechnic
Institute
Jim Garrison, Prabhu Soundarrajan

PE, CAP, CFSE Honeywell
aeSolutions
ISA HISTORY
ISA FELLOWS
Nimmo: Don’t leave gold nuggets behind
I
t is good to know where we have created poor human-machine interface for a Society that has become so diverse
come from. During my experience in (HMI) designs, overloaded alarms, and and broad in discipline. The questions
over 50 years in this industry, I have incomplete control strategies. we face are: What is the next generation
observed that as we advance in technol- of technology and how does ISA as a So-
ogy, we also often leave some gold nug- ciety continue to support the needs of
gets behind. For example, the pneumatic
We moved to digital and such a diverse membership?
years had some benefits and advance- forgot the benefits of the I think we need to focus on how ISA
ments, but we moved to digital and for- has and will continue to evolve with the
got many of the advantages of the analog
analog world. evolution of its members, especially in
world. We lost the art of working with an IoT world that answers almost any
patterns (trends), as the digital world Controls have continued to improve, known question; however, this is limited
only offered poor solutions. with new disciplines around alarm man- to what is, not what will be. I am very
The electronic technology quickly agement and the high-performance interested in participating in anything
evolved into computers and the birth of HMI. The evolution will continue, and we, as ISA, do next.
the DCS, which was initially a computer- the technology will expand outside the
ized version of the electronic pneumatic traditional instrumentation discipline, Ian Nimmo,
replacement. The DCS rapidly evolved creating new disciplines, technologies, ISA Fellow (2010)
and presented new ways of sharing the and organizations. View more online at www.isa.
information, but now on a larger scale. In the early days it was simpler: Every- org/intech/nimmo
Unfortunately, without any discipline or one was focused on technology within
human factors, we created new issues a narrow bandwidth. Today, this is very
that have led to major accidents. We different, and it creates new challenges
Huffman: Automation as a core business function

I
SA Fellow Steve Huffman wrote this ing, according to our friends at NACFAM automation at a respected Midwestern
letter in response to a Bill Lydon Final [National Council for Advanced Manufac- engineering university.
Say column in a 2019 issue of InTech. turing], regarding unfilled skilled positions These are just a few of my heroes, but
I wanted to drop you a note concern- available in industry. they all have in common a strong com-
ing your latest Final Say article and how There are some heroes out there: Don mitment and have invested hard work
you could not be more spot-on with your Bossi and the folks at FIRST [For Inspira- in ISA as a technical society. There are
comments. As a veteran of workforce tion and Recognition of Science and Tech- many more, but ISA is structured as an
development advocacy for a number nology] are showing young people how individual member organization to ben-
of years in government, education, and exciting a technical career can be, espe- efit members who through association
industry, it still remains today that au- cially for those who didn’t realize they had make their companies better. I’m certain
tomation is either considered (1) some- such an opportunity. Paul Galeski first real- there are many CTOs and/or CIOs in
one else’s problem within the decision- ly shined the light on how to address all the large process plants who choose not to
making ranks of the company unit, (2) considerations, monetary and manpower “own” the control system—the one most
a job killer from a Capitol Hill political costs, and future-think possibilities of important thing that could make their
standpoint, or (3) in need of support and replacing legacy DCS [distributed control company more successful by being more
a strong voice from industry in the halls systems] in partnership with ISA. Don Bar- competitive.
of academia beyond local efforts. tusiak is leading a global effort with new
Your point, enhanced by an Einstein development and education in industrial Steve Huffman,
quote regarding ability to change, is that data communications, and newly minted ISA Fellow (2016)
“automation should be treated as a core ISA Fellow Kelvin Erickson understands View more online at www.
business function that is critical for success the needs of industry and is single-hand- isa.org/intech/huffman02
. . . ” in the industrial world. This would go edly designing and constructing a world-
a long way toward solving a significant part class and very successful industrial control
of the skills gap, now 7 million and count- system lab and coursework in industrial

ISA HISTORY
Evely: 39 years as a member of the Power Industry Division
I
retired at the end of January 2019 from the two ISA divisions that I also My first volunteer role with ISA was
following 42-plus years in the power joined were my first contacts with ISA. as registration cochair for the 1985 ISA
industry and more than 39 continu- Those publications helped me to see Southeastern Conference and Exhibit.
ous years as a member of ISA and its that I was a part of a much larger group After that, I participated in some of the
Power Industry Division (POWID). At of professionals who had the same local education night activities of our
that time, I also retired from ISA and technical interests as myself. In the pre- local section and eventually found my-
other professional Society activities to Internet world, the publications catalog self as the education chair for the sec-
make room for other volunteer lead- that I periodically received by mail gave tion. In this role I worked with one of
ers. I was blessed to work with a great me the opportunity to purchase books our state universities in continuing the
group of people over the years, and that also related to my career. production of an annual Fundamentals
that is what I miss the most. With ISA A year or two after joining ISA, a of Industrial I&C short course, which
now celebrating 75 years, it is a good change in employment brought me is still given in May each year. I retired
time to share what ISA has meant to to Birmingham, Ala., where there was in January 2019 as a member of the ISA
me and my career. an active local ISA section. It provided POWID executive committee.
I was a student member of a different regular face-to-face contact with peo-
professional society during college, but ple with the same interests who did Dale Evely, PE,
it wasn’t a good fit for my chosen career not work for the same company; that is ISA Fellow (2007)
in instrumentation and control (I&C). where my professional network really View more online at www.isa.
A few years into my career, a coworker began to develop. I also had the oppor- org/intech/evely
suggested that I join the Instrument tunity to volunteer for leadership roles,
Society of America (ISA). The monthly which preceded leadership roles with
InTech magazine and the newsletters my employer.
Engage!
like never before!
Engage in Build your Connect with Enhance your

technical professional sections and personal
discussions network divisions profile
connect.isa.org


ISA HISTORY
MEMBERS
Medley: Setting the standard for my life
I
SA has set the standard for my pro- Lifetime Achievement Award and am helped me to be a better member and a
fessional engineer’s license in the currently a Senior Life Member of ISA. better professional engineer. I can flatly
state of Texas since the year 2000. The I was also an I&E tech and ISA member thank the ISA for helping set the stan-
piece of ISA that has played the greatest during my time in the military (USMC dard for my life.
part of my professional life is ISA’s InTech. veteran, aviation helicopters, honor-
Thanks, ISA. Safety first!
I have many [past volumes of] InTech. able discharge, Cpl.).
I am now 80 years old. I was an ISA ISA helped me during my years of Harry J. Medley, PE
member while working for 14 years at being a technician and then as a PE in ISA Senior Life Member
major oil and gas companies on major the state of Texas, current through 2020. Born: 4 March 1940
products with automation control sys- I can thank ISA for its members across Texas License No. 87221/Active
tems instrumentation. I received ISA’s the U.S. and in foreign countries who View more online at www.isa.org/intech/medley
Zinschlag: Three eras of association
M
y long association with ISA can oped Student Section involvement visited ISA student sections to get them
be divided into three eras: As in ISA and encouraged us to techni- involved with ISA, as well as protected
a regular member who joined cally compete with each other—in ISA members from personal attacks.
in 1974, as Society president in 1993, live competitions. I coordinated with Accomplishments after being presi-
and as past-president. universities in Illinois and Kentucky dent included forming the Globaliza-
Before I became president in 1993, I to support ISA and to form ISA section Development Council (GDC) to al-
delivered an ISA paper that predicted tions—from which we received recog- low international ISA members to share
the use of microprocessors to do pro- nition from state governments. their ISA values with the organization.
cess control. I founded the Computer While I was president, ISA member-
Technology Division of ISA, called COM- ship grew to 45,000 with an objective to Howard P. Zinschlag,
PUTEC, to bring computer technology bring ISA from basically a national or- PE, ISA Fellow (1986),
into ISA. I also developed the Bulletin ganization to truly an international one. 1993 Society President,
Board System (BBS) for the executive The goal that year (1993) was “Remem- member since 1974
board to use digital communications to ber the Member.” I visited many coun- View more online at www.
conduct ISA business. tries to bring the ISA message directly isa.org/intech/zinschlag
In those early days, I also devel- to members around the world. I also
Weckwerth: Get involved early and often
I
received my bachelor’s degree in over the Kansas City area from different sional to get involved (or even be a lead-
chemical engineering from Kansas companies and industries. The section’s er) in ISA. Pick the ISA area you want to
State University in 2012 and am technical meetings helped me grow get involved with or try them all. You
currently an instrumentation and con- tremendously in my new profession, will learn so much technically and pro-
trols engineer at Burns & McDonnell in especially considering I came from a fessionally just by getting involved.
Kansas City, Mo. During my first month ChemE background with very limited
of working, I found out that my depart- instrumentation and control knowl- Ashley Weckwerth , Vice President and
ment manager was the membership edge. After a few years of being heavily program chair
chair for the ISA Kansas City section. involved in my ISA section, I attended a Kansas City Section,
He invited me to a Kansas City section fall leaders meeting, and that is where I honors and awards
meeting, and from there I was hooked. got connected into ISA’s ChemPID. Be- chair District 8,
ISA has benefited me technically ing a part of a division has helped me ChemPID director-
and professionally. I got involved in interact with automation professionals elect and member-
my ISA section right out of college as a all over the globe. ship chair
new professional. This helped me meet I am just one example that shows you View more online at www.
other automation professionals from all don’t have to be an experienced profes- isa.org/intech/weckwerth

Keep your process and plant safe with FS Functional Safety Series
instrumentation from Moore Industries. You can be confident that they will
help ensure the safety of your process and facility when you need it the most.
Our Logic Solver, Signal Isolators and Transmitters are built to strict IEC 61508
standards, ensuring safe and reliable operation – particularly in environments
where hazardous or emergency situations are likely to occur.
The rugged and reliable FS Safety Series Instruments from Moore Industries.
To learn more about our FS Functional Safety Series, Call (800) 999-2900
or go to: www.miinet.com/KeepItSafe
ISA5, Documentation of Measurement and Control Instruments and Systems • ISA5.1, Instrumentation Symbols and Identifica
Symbols for Process Displays • ISA5.6, Software Documentation for Control Systems • ISA5.7, Process and Instrumentation Dia
Speaking of
standards
M
odeling the boundaries between en- consensus industry standards. Today, as the
terprise systems and control systems. Society celebrates its 75th anniversary, there
Defining automation and batch pro- are more than 150 ISA standards and technical
cessing with an object-oriented design pattern. reports reflecting the expertise of 4,000 indus-
Putting industrial cybersecurity on the map. try experts around the world.
Developing the first safety instrumented sys- ISA standards committees welcome partici-
tems standard for the process industries. Creat- pation from automation professionals across
ing standards and technical reports for alarms, the globe. One of the many benefits in volun-
human-machine interfaces, continuous pro- teering is to help craft consensus, balanced
cess procedures, and more. On all these topics standards that move industry forward. Visit
and more, ISA has set the standard for industrial www.isa.org/standards for more information
automation. on participating.
ISA standards help automation professionals The following stories from ISA standards
streamline processes and improve industrial leaders highlight standards that have had great
safety, efficiency, and profitability. Since 1949, impact over the years. For more stories, scan-
ISA has been recognized as the expert source dals, and name dropping, you can see their full
for instrumentation, control, and automation essays at www.ISA.org/75in2020.

ation • ISA5.2, Binary Control Logic Diagrams for Process Operations • ISA5.4, Instrument Loop Diagrams • ISA5.5, Graphic
agrams • ISA5.8, Measurement & Control Terminology Review Subcommittee • ISA5.9, Controller Algorithms and Performance
Tales from the trenches

by ISA volunteers
setting the standard for
automation
The ISA-95 Enterprise-Control System Integration standards

First published in 2000. As told by Chris Monchinski, 2019–20 Vice President, ISA Standards & Practices Department.
ISA-95 from its inception sought to solve an from enterprise to control were fragmented,
important issue in our industry: normalizing the lacking in detail, and quite dated.
integration practices between isolated enterprise The ISA-95 Part 1 and 2 standards ultimately
and control systems and, in doing so, reducing define only primary data exchanges between
costs and increasing success rates for these efforts. enterprise and control. In doing so, the stan-
The ISA95 committee began its work by sur- dards have also defined an entire framework of
veying existing standards and common practic- models to describe enterprise and control sys-
es. The reference models it found for integration tem applications, operations, and functions.
Contributors and contacts

ISA-18.2 Nicholas P. Sands ISA-84.1 Angela Summers and Paul Gruhn
ISA-101.01 Maurice Wilkins ISA-88 Dennis Brandl
ISA-106 Bill Lydon ISA-95 Chris Monchinski
ISA108 Ian Verhappen ISA-99 Eric Cosman
ISA-112 Ian Verhappen and Graham Nasby Charley Robinson, ISA Standards
ISA-5.1 Tom McAvinew
ISA-76 James F. Tatera More information: https://www.isa.org/standards-and-publications/isa-standards

• ISA7, Instrument Air Standards Committee • ISA12, Electrical Equipment for Hazardous Locations • ISA18, Instrument Signals and A
• ISA50, Signal Compatibility of Electrical Instruments • ISA60, Control Centers • ISA67, Nuclear Power Plant Standards • ISA71,
The concept of vertical levels of an enterprise, nate opportunity to work closely with J. Keith
where key operations and applications interoper- Unger and Dennis Brandl. They both had just
ate in common time horizons and with com- emerged from the successful creation and
mon purpose, was adopted. Levels helped ongoing industry adoption of the ISA-
to define logical integration boundaries. 88 standards. I have been the cochair of
A lot has been discussed in recent years ISA-95 since 2011.
regarding the concept of levels, as many have Perhaps the most challenging part of main-
observed that computing power, storage, and commu- taining a successful standard is knowing when to
nications protocols have allowed a wider array of devices adopt changes so that it remains effective and valuable to
and systems to be connected. ISA-95 levels have always industry. Recent revisions to ISA-95 Parts 2, 4, and 5 (2018)
been logical boundaries that allow a practitioner to define were spearheaded by our Process Centric Messaging Working
boundaries that subsequently support the integration Group, led by Charlie Gifford. This group sought to reduce
between systems. Viewed this way, all integration efforts the complexity and granularity inherent in ISA-95 message
begin with a definition of logical boundaries and opera- exchanges by introducing the operations event model, which
tional space—a concept universal and still relevant to any allows for a collection of data with common context to be ex-
integration effort today. changed as a single message.
The ISA-95 equipment hierarchy model, an often-refer- ISA-95 Part 6 (Messaging Service Model) and Part 7 (Alias
enced model in manufacturing, expanded on an early physi- Service Model), put forth first as technical reports by Den-
cal hierarchy model in ISA-88 and demonstrated its univer- nis Brandl and Alan Johnston (MIMOSA), were also driven
sality across discrete, continuous, and logistics industries. by the real-world needs of practitioners. Most recently, the
Another key concept introduced in ISA-95 Parts 1 and 2 is ISA95 committee is poised to release a new Part 8, which will
the process segment, which provides a logical grouping of define a framework for developing an ecosystem of “ISA-95
resources, personnel, equipment, and materials to support ready” profiles that can be adopted by integration scenario
dynamic views of operational data—a key for supporting or industry type.
scheduling and resource planning activities between busi-
ness planning and operational domains.
Although the ISA-95 standard title is “Enterprise to Con-
trol,” ISA-95 Parts 3 and 4 formally defined the level 3 space, ISA-5.1, Instrumentation Symbols
creating the term “manufacturing operations management” and Identification
and creating complex models for resource management,
Originally published in 1984. As told by Tom McAvinew.
quality test data management, and the representation of
resource routing.
ISA-95 further evolved when Part 2 was revised to recog-
nize the importance of equipment as a class of resources
The use of ISA-5.1, Instrumentation Symbols and Identifi-
separate from a new resource type, the asset model, which
cation, originally published in 1984, is in general quite wide-
facilitated new adoption of the standard for integrating pro-
spread. That is because it is important to consistently iden-
duction and maintenance activities.
tify instrumentation in project documents used for
The Part 5 standard expanded on this collection of ob-
specifying, purchasing, tracking, installing, and eventually
jects and logical exchanges by contributing a transactional
maintaining them.
representation of ISA-95. Finally, we cannot overlook that
the development of Business to Manufacturing Markup
Language (B2MML), spearheaded by Dave Emerson and
the XML-WG, encouraged the adoption of ISA-95, helping
organizations, vendors, and solutions integrators realize
the potential of following this industry standard to acceler-
ate interoperability.
A “standard” can be thought of as a collection of the best
ideas from across industry, and of course it helps to form ISA-5.1 McAvinew
those ideas around a solid architecture. The ISA-95 standards running a process control
find robust adoption in manufacturing both as a reference ar- simulation on an analog
chitecture and as a facilitator of successful integration efforts. computer at Uniroyal
Chemicals in Naugatuck,
I began my participation with ISA-95 at its earliest devel-
Conn., in 1964
opment, during the creation of ISA-95 Part 1. I had the fortu-

Alarms • ISA20, Instrument Specification Forms • ISA37, Measurement Transducers • ISA42, Nomenclature for Instrument Tube Fittings
, Environmental Conditions for Process Measurement and Control • ISA75, Control Valve Standards • ISA76, Composition Analyzers
Although often cited on project or site documents along

with other standards, ISA-5.1 is often not followed com-
pletely—particularly regarding device identification tagging.
Sometimes this is because a particular site may not have fol-
lowed the standard in the past. Other times, operations per-
sonnel on a project may insist on using more phonetic tag-
ging, rather than one of the basic tenets of ISA-5.1—that ID
tagging be based on primary variable functional tagging.
My role with ISA-5.1 has been as a resource, based on my
50+ years of experience in the application of the standard for
both operating and engineering design firms. None of this
would have been possible without the tutelage of Marvin D. ISA88 leaders circa 2007: front, Dennis Brandl, Dave Chappell;
Weiss, one of the pioneers in process analytical instrumenta- rear, Charlie Giffords, Lynn Craig, Keith Unger
tion, who met a fresh-out-of-school chemical engineer with
an interest in instrumentation and process control, then
to. Where we couldn’t reach agreement, we came up with the
convinced him to join ISA in 1964.
words that describe the different possible implementations.
I started as a naive engineer but listened and learned. Even-
tually I became the editor of the different parts in the series,
The ISA-88 Batch Control standards and for a time was committee chairman. Often, being chair-
man was “herding cats,” but hopefully I kept us focused on
First published in 1995. As told by Dennis Brandl. the deliverables and away from the deeper “philosophical”
questions that always seem to come up when engineers get
together.
There were other major contributors, including Tom Fish-
The ISA-88, Batch Control (series) standard, first pub- er from The Lubrizol Corporation, Lynn Craig from Rohm
lished in 1995, introduced the ISA-88 model, recognized now and Haas, Bill Hawkins, Rick Bullotta, Leo Charpentier, Rick
as an object-oriented design pattern for defining automa- Mergen, Paul Nowicki, Keith Unger, Michael Saucier, and
tion. It has become the accepted standard for structuring au- Joel Vardy. These were only a few of the experts involved, but
tomation projects. many of the ISA88 committee members have gone on to be-
Most major integrators, and all major automation ven- come some of the icons of automation and batch.
dors, support the ISA-88 model and use the models in their
projects. We documented measurable benefits from applying
the models, typically a 30 percent savings on the first project
and up to 80 percent savings on follow-up projects due to the
The ISA-99 Industrial Automation and
modular and reuse approach defined in ISA-88. Even today, Control Systems Security standards
work on Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing initiatives use First published in 2007. As told by Eric Cosman, 2020 ISA President.
the ISA-88 equipment and recipe models as an integral part
of their development efforts.
We found that once people learned how to apply the ISA-88
model, their personal productivity improved, and they be-
came better engineers. The World Batch Forum, now part of The ISA-99 standards helped to put industrial cybersecu-
MESA International, documented the greater than 30 percent rity on the map, leading to today’s high level of awareness.
improvement, in addition to throughput improvements in It is easy to forget that the ISA99 committee existed and
batch processes, better repeatability of processes, and higher our work on the 62443 standards was happening before most
product quality. These directly measurable improvements have of the current popular or higher-profile products and tech-
been what has led to the widespread use of the ISA-88 series. nologies were even available. Pioneers in the development of
There were, on average, between 20 and 30 active participants solutions in this area were also involved in the early activities
in the development of the ISA-88 standard, and over 100 review- of our committee. A notable example is Eric Byres, who went
ers. Our meetings were at times raucous and noisy, but always on to develop the Tofino industrial firewall.
focused on the goal of documenting the best-known practices. Members of the ISA99 committee also provided expertise
My initial role in the committee was to help identify the to the Automation Federation in its efforts to raise awareness
“true-isms,” the things that we could all agree on, such as “a unit with politicians and public policy members. This included
only runs one batch at a time,” and document what we agreed the development of briefing papers and visits to Washington

• ISA77, Fossil Power Plant Standards • ISA82, Electrical and Electronic Instrumentation • ISA84, Instrumented Systems to Achiev
Measurement Instrumentation Related to Health and Safety • ISA95, Enterprise/Control Integration Committee • ISA96, Valve Act
D.C. Our committee has been working closely with the U.S. I have been a member of ISA99 since its formation. I joined
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and to represent the chemical sector cybersecurity program of
other groups in the public sector for almost 20 years. This in- the American Chemistry Council (ACC), which had decided
cluded having a major role in shaping the NIST cybersecurity to avoid creating sector-specific standards and practices. I
framework. served as the cochair (with Evan Hand) of the work group
All of this attention and focus by industry has led to the that developed what became ISA-99.00.01-2007, which was
creation of new types of jobs in industrial automation cyber- the first standard in what became the 62443 series. I later
security. There are now several very successful companies took on the role of committee cochair, first with Bryan Singer
providing consulting and advisory services to asset owners and later with Jim Gilsinn. Many others who attended our
in this area, some of whom employ members of our commit- first meeting are still contributing today—continuity that has
tee. The impact of ISA-99 has been to help increase under- contributed to the success of the committee.
standing of the importance of automation in ensuring safe,
reliable, available, and high-performing manufacturing and
operations processes. ISA-84.1, Application of Safety
I was one of a small group of people who came together Instrumented Systems for the Process
in a conference call on 18 September 2002 to discuss how
ISA could best approach the growing need for and interest in
Industries
standards and practices for industrial systems cybersecurity. Published in 1996. As told by Angela Summers and Paul Gruhn
The Society had considered two basic approaches. The first
was to direct all existing and future subject-specific standard
groups (e.g., ISA-95) to examine if and how they should revise
their standards to consider cybersecurity threats and vulner- Dr. Summers says ISA-84 has not simply rocked the
abilities. The alternative was to create a new committee to world of instrumentation and controls; it has affected pro-
develop one or more standards devoted to cybersecurity and cess safety strategies across most of the process industry. It
promote the result as a “horizontal” standard that could be spawned an entire industry of specialized professionals and
applied in a range of contexts. credentialing programs centered around ISA-84 compliance.
It also initiated the widespread use of
SIL-certified programmable controllers
across multiple industry sectors. ISA-84
has become foundational to our cur-
rent approaches to designing and man-
aging instrumented safeguards.
What is really amazing, says Sum-
mers, is how impactful ISA-84 has been
to other organizations that write stan-
dards and practices. “I have worked
with various API, ASME, and CCPS
committees on how to address their
scope and stay in conformance with
ISA-84. I have also worked with govern-
ISA95 team in Sun
Valley in 2012 ment agencies on incorporating ISA-84
into regulatory audits, regulations, and
guidance documents.”
The consensus was that the second option was pre- Summers says that when she joined the ISA84 committee
ferred. This resulted in the chartering of the ISA99 com- in the 1990s, she was fortunate enough to meet and be men-
mittee with Bob Webb as managing director and Bryan tored by the thought leaders she met there: Ken Bond (Shell),
Singer as committee chair. Bryan Singer and Keith Unger Vic Maggioli (DuPont), Charlie Hardin (Celanese), and Rob-
developed the initial committee description. A face-to- ert Adamski (ExxonMobil). Very quickly, Maggioli, who was
face meeting in Chicago on 22 October attracted almost 60 the ISA84 committee chair for many years, gave her oppor-
people. This was the first meeting of the committee. Those tunities to contribute. She joined the IEC 61511 committee
present approved the formation of three subcommittees to in the late 1990s at the request of Sam Mannan, director of
address scope and purpose; models and terminology; and the Mary Kay O’Connor Process Safety Center at Texas A&M
research and liaison. University until his death in September 2018.

ve Functional Safety in the Process Industries • ISA88, Batch Control Systems • ISA92, Performance Requirements for Industrial Air
tuator Committee • ISA96.01, Terminology for Actuators • ISA97, In-Line Sensors Committee • ISA99, Industrial Automation and
Gruhn says ISA-84.1 (also known as the emergency shut-

down systems standard) led to the development of Inter-
national Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standards on
functional safety, product and personnel qualification pro-
grams, new books, new products, new software, and recog-
nition by regulators around the world: “In short, it changed
the industry.”
Relays have been used in safety applications for almost
100 years, says Gruhn. Solid state systems (that did not use
software) were developed by several vendors in the 1970s.
General-purpose programmable logic controllers (PLCs)
have been used in some safety applications since the 1970s.
Safety PLCs have been available since the early 1980s. Yet at ISA100.11a team
that time there was no industry agreement on what steps to
include in a project life cycle, how to determine the perfor-
mance required of a system, how to model the performance
of hardware and software, and much more. ISA-18.2, Management of Alarm Systems
The development of a standard was proposed to ISA in the
early 1980s. The original charter of the standard was to cover
for the Process Industries
software-based logic solvers only, and field devices were not First published in 2009. As told by Nicholas P. Sands.
included in the original scope. The scope was expanded in
the early 1990s.
Ten years of deliberation brought consensus on the system ISA-18.2 changed the world—a very small piece of the
life cycle, methods to determine the required system perfor- world, but a piece, nonetheless. Some companies had alarm
mance (safety integrity level [SIL]), methods to analyze the management programs prior to the standard. Many more
performance of hardware and what to include in the calcula- companies have programs now. The control system suppliers
tions, factors to include in the design of a system, and factors have improved the alarm functionality as well, adding shelv-
to consider in the operation, maintenance, and changes of a ing functionality, for example. That small part of the world
system. The first edition of the standard, released in Febru- has changed, and it has been kind of cool to be a part of it.
ary of 1996, was approximately 40 pages long, and had five My role in ISA18, along with Donald Dunn, has been as
informative annexes totaling almost 60 pages. cochair of the ISA18 committee and organizer of chaos. We
Gruhn says the IEC started developing functional safety started in 2003 by rebuilding the committee with real-world
standards in the mid-1990s. The ISA84 committee actively experience in alarm management. We added world-class
participated in the development of the IEC 61511 standard experts like Ian Nimmo, Bridget Fitzpatrick, David Strobhar,
for the process industry. That standard was first released in and Bill Hollifield, as well as industry experts like Joe Alford,
2003 and was adopted as ANSI/ISA 84.00.01-2004 one year Todd Stauffer, Graham Nasby, Lieven Dubois, and Kevin
later with the addition of one sentence. That is a three-part Brown. We got advice from members of the ISA84, ISA50,
standard; part 1 (the normative portion) was over 90 pages. and ISA88 committees, and we got to work. After ISA-18.2
Part 2 (an informative document) was also over 90 pages. Part was published in 2009, Donald and I shifted from leading
3 (another informative document summarizing various SIL the development of the standard to coaching the working
selection methodologies) was over 60 pages. group leaders and publishing the work of the committee.
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration pub- We also started working to publish the IEC version of ISA-
lished interpretation letters stating that it considered the 18.2, IEC 62682.
first and second editions of the ISA-84 standard as “recog- My involvement with ISA-18 and my role at DuPont have
nized and generally accepted good engineering practice” grown together, so I have even become an expert in some ar-
(RAGAGEP). The IEC released a second edition of 61511 in eas, using my experience to contribute to standards, and my
2016. After a one-year period of editorial changes, the ISA84 understanding of standards to improve the practices in my
committee accepted the new standard verbatim (although it company.
added a new U.S. forward in Part 2). It is now ANSI/ISA 61511- Being a working group and committee leader for an in-
2018. The ISA84 committee has also written eight technical dustry-wide global standard has dramatically broadened
reports totaling more than 1,000 pages over the past 15 years. my perspective. So many people participate from different
They further explain the standard and ways of implementing companies, industries, and countries, and they all bring
its requirements, says Gruhn. valuable perspectives.

Control Systems Security • ISA100, Wireless Systems for Automation • ISA101, Human-Machine Interface • ISA103, Field Devic
Tests for Industrial Automation Systems • ISA106, Procedure Automation for Continuous Process Operations • ISA107, Advan
ity and Performance technical report (TR) on a fast timeline,

doing most of the work themselves. That TR was released in
2018 and provides a very good companion to the standard.
ISA-101.01, Human Machine Interfaces The other TRs are at various stages of development. The stan-
for Process Automation Systems dard itself is now out for a reaffirmation vote, with the plan to
submit it to IEC for development as a global standard.
Released in 2015. As told by Maurice Wilkins.
ISA-101.01 was approved for development/adoption as an
IEC standard in early 2020, which will enable it to become
more globally accepted. The IEC standard is being developed
by TC65/SC65A WG19, HMI for Process Automation Systems,
ISA-101.01 was being cited even before its release. It is now and the standard will become IEC 63303. I am co-convenor
the go-to standard for HMIs for process automation systems, along with Dave Board. The draft is being developed from
especially in North America. ISA-101.01 has helped people to ISA-101.01, and the ISA101 committee has an IEC C liaison
move away from classic HMI designs toward more intelligent, with WG19. This will allow ISA101 to be involved in the devel-
high-specification HMIs. Guidelines from the Abnormal Situ- opment of the IEC standard. ISA101 Co-chair Greg Lehmann
ation Management (ASM) Consortium and the Engineering is the liaison coordinator. We anticipate this joint ISA/IEC
Equipment and Materials Users Association (EEMUA) in the work to be completed in late 2021.
U.K., including the latest edition of EEMUA 201 – Control
Rooms: A Guide to their Specification, Design, Commissioning
and Operation, cite ISA101 in several places. Greg Lehmann ISA-108 and ISA-112: In
and I have contributed to the review process.
I joined the ISA101 committee in 2008 as a basic committee
development for intelligent device
member and became cochair with Joe Bingham in 2009. Joe management, SCADA systems
was later replaced by Greg Lehmann. We needed some “glue,” As told by Ian Verhappen and Graham Nasby.
so Greg and I—with the help of a wonderful group of ISA108
clause editors (Bridget Fitzpatrick, Dale Reed, Tracy Laabs,
Dawn Schweitzer, David Lee, Beth Vail, Mark Nixon, Nicholas
The ISA108 committee is working in a collaborative effort
Sands, Ian Nimmo, and John Benitz)—developed a life cycle
with IEC SC65E WG10 on an important emerging area of auto-
for the proposed standard based on ISA-18.2 and ISA-84.
mation: intelligent device management. With large amounts
This helped us to organize the standard, and things flowed
of data available from a single device, being able to manage
from there. We received many thousands of comments as the
the data and its flow, as well as identify the necessary tools and
standard developed, but we eventually decided to make it the
infrastructure to do so, is important. ISA recently adopted the
“what” and removed all the “how” into proposed technical
IEC document as ISA-TR 63082-1:2020 and is now working on
reports. The standard was successfully released in July 2015.
Part 2, which will be an International Standard. ISA-108 will
After that, four working groups were set up—Philosophy
enable the community to use this information rather than be
and Style Guide; Usability and Performance; HMI for Mobile
overwhelmed by options and stymied by “analysis paralysis.”
Platforms; and HMI for Machine Control. The purpose of the
Using the information from intelligent devices will lead to
working groups is to develop technical reports (TRs) intend-
higher returns on control system investments and better use
ed to show how to implement the standard.
of the skills of overworked support teams.
The initial standard had said that mobile/small platforms
The ISA-112 supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)
were excluded, but by the time the standard was released,
standard will help define how all the disparate parts of a control
these platforms had become ubiquitous. David Board and
system can be and are linked together to form a single system
Ruth Schiedermayer drove the development of the Usabil-
able to communicate machine-to-machine as well as machine-
to-human. With the increasing distribution of controls to the
edges of a control system, being able to integrate those controls
using best practices captured in this series of documents will
help achieve that goal across a wide range of industries.
Work on the first ISA-112 SCADA systems standard is not
completed yet, but according to Graham Nasby, a leader in the
water/wastewater community, it is still having a major impact
on how SCADA systems are designed, used, and implemented
in several sectors. For example, large water utilities in Ontario,
Canada, are already using the ISA-112 framework for manag-

ce Tool Interface • ISA104, Device Integration • ISA105, Commissioning, Loop Checks, and Factory & Site Acceptance/Integration
nced Measurement Techniques for Gas Turbine Engines • ISA108, Intelligent Device Management • ISA112, SCADA Systems
ing large automation projects and SCADA master-planning physical model. The lower the level, the more detailed the
activities. Many other water utilities, sewerage districts, oil/gas association between procedures and objects. The implemen-
companies, and other organizations are now starting to look tation module defines a set of ordered tasks, which may have
at the ISA-112 SCADA framework for managing their automa- their own subtasks to perform step-by-step in a defined order.
tion assets, he says. There is a need for this sort of guidance, and Larger activities, such as plant startup or shutdown, are im-
ISA112 is working to provide it. portant. However, the same tools can be used for more rou-
tine procedures, such as isolating and starting up a redundant
pump system, performing online maintenance on a piece of
equipment, or even something as “simple” as performing an
ISA-106, Procedures for Automating in-line valve performance test. All of this normally requires
Continuous Process Operations communication with someone physically at the asset to verify,
or in some cases, manually intervene in, the process.
As told by Bill Lydon.
Procedural automation can be used to capture and share
corporate knowledge, including best practices, and to mini-
mize errors with a resulting decrease in incidents, improve-
ment in safety, and increase in throughput. This is particu-
Process plants are complex, and the majority of those in
larly important with an aging workforce and the difficulty in
operations management agree that good operating people are
finding experienced operators.
valuable. Automation professionals can support knowledgeable
Safety statistics show the majority of incidents not related
operators with well-engineered system applications to keep
to outright mechanical failures happen during abnormal situ-
production running efficiently—particularly when seldom-
ations, primarily unit startups and shutdowns. When an infre-
used procedures are required and unexpected problems occur.
quent operation is required and key individuals are not avail-
Automating and clearly documenting functions that are
able, inexperienced operators can be left to follow inadequate
well defined and deterministic enable operators to focus on
or incorrect instructions. Something can get out of control,
the most important tasks, problems, exceptions, and unex-
leading to an abnormal condition with the undesirable out-
pected issues. Automation professionals can take advantage
comes of equipment damage, environmental release, injuries,
of the work of ISA106, which is focused on achieving these
and fatalities. By applying ISA-106, a single process plant, a
goals with standards, recommended practices, and technical
complete facility, or even an entire company can achieve sig-
reports on the design and implementation of procedures for
nificant improvements in operational efficiency and safety. ■
automating continuous process operations.
The ISA-106 models define how to capture information
about physical assets, from the enterprise level to an indi- ABOUT THE EDITOR
vidual device, and the requirements that define a procedure. Renee Bassett is chief editor for InTech magazine.
They establish the functional requirements for the automated
procedure and tie these requirements directly to objects in the View the online version at www.isa.org/intech/20201003.
ISA-76.00.02-2002: NeSSi
Regarding ISA-76.00.02-2002, Modular The result was the development of this
Component Interfaces for Surface-Mount standard—commonly known as NeSSi
Fluid Distribution Components – Part 1: (the New Sampling Sensor Initiative)—
Elastomeric Seals, this document was cre- and many vendors have made products
ated in 2002 at the request of and with to fit on this platform. This standard has
the help of Exxon, Swagelok, Parker, and also been published as an IEC standard
additional users and vendors. (IEC 62339-1 Ed. 1).
There was a call for a small-sampling James F. Tatera’s on-line process analy-
platform that was not tube based and sis experience includes more than 27 international standards activities and was
on which devices from multiple suppli- years with a major international chemical the ANSI USNC Technical Advisor to IEC
ers could be used. No vendor was will- company and years of consulting through SC 65D (Industrial Process Measurement
ing to invest in it until the basic platform his own firm and others. He is one of the and Control – Analyzing Equipment). Ad-
was defined in an open standard, so they original Certified Specialists in Analytical ditionally, he is an ISA Fellow, trainer, and
would not have to make different prod- Technology (CSAT) and an active member winner of several honors and distinctions
ucts for different vendor footprints. of ISA and ACS. He is involved in U.S. and in the field of process analysis.

Manufacturing
and automation
ISA looks toward the future

M
egatrends are revolutionary. They are
powerful, transformative forces that
through the prism of globally change the global economy, busi-

ness, and society. Megatrends both drive and
transformative forces are driven by disruptive innovations. Henry

Ford’s design and production methods are often
cited as one of the most significant megatrend
achievements of the past. They both leveraged
By Bill Lydon
and advanced technology, creating better jobs
and stimulating societal change.

MEGATRENDS
The concepts and goals of Industry 4.0—or, as

the World Economic Forum terms it, the Fourth
Industrial Revolution—represent a modern mega-
trend. As we enter this new era, innovative manu- Stay on top of the changing industrial
facturing and production companies worldwide automation landscape. Bookmark https://
are automating and digitizing operations with the
aim to be more competitive. By leveraging disrup- isaautomation.isa.org/isa-megatrends.
tive innovations and technological developments,
these companies are positioning themselves to
become leaders, create new markets, and thrive. org/isa-megatrends) will collect and share re-
History teaches that resisting major shifts sources on the trends, disruptions, challenges,
is not productive and can be fatal. Being suc- and solutions having the greatest effect on in-
cessful often requires rethinking fundamentals, dustries and industrial professionals around the
which can lead to radical change. When faced world.
with powerful transformative forces, the options As ISA president Eric Cosman has said, not-
are to change and grow, or die. ing the 75th anniversary theme, “The ever-
One way to reduce resistance is to prepare. changing face of the automation profession is
To assist with that, ISA is using the occasion of driven by forces ranging from changing markets
its 75th anniversary to identify the megatrends and business models to the emergence of dis-
impacting the world of automation. Online now ruptive technology.” Here are some of the forces
and continuing into 2021 and beyond, the ISA expected to change the face of automation in
Megatrends website (https://isaautomation.isa. the coming months and years.

MEGATRENDS
Workforce of the future

Industry will require more knowledgeable personnel
with practical thinking skills and manufacturing process
know-how.
With the recognition that low labor grow, since it is responsive, immediate,
cost is not a sustainable competitive and efficient.
advantage, manufacturers worldwide The growing application of me-
are increasing their use of automation. chatronics and collaborative robots
Greater application and deployment will require automation personnel to Impact for industry
of technology means industry will understand the applications of these • Manufacturing executive manage-
require more knowledgeable person- technologies. Automation profession- ment needs to functionally under-
nel with practical thinking skills and als are essential to successfully se- stand automation possibilities.
manufacturing process know-how. In- lecting and applying these and other • Manufacturers need to educate em-
dustry analyst firm The Gartner Group technologies, and important guides ployees about production processes.
thinks this will come in the form of a for management looking to maximize • Scaling and standardization of pro-
“citizen data scientist”—a person who productivity. cesses and technology solutions
creates or generates models that lever- The lack of a skilled local workforce must occur.
age predictive or prescriptive analyt- will drive the need for training, as well • Increased collaboration between hu-
ics, but whose primary job function as the use of remote-work processes, mans and technology will happen.
is outside of the field of statistics and virtual assistants, artificial intelligence
analytics. applications, and more. For ISA members and leaders
The most important areas for auto- • Standardization potentially needed
mation engineers and technicians to Key elements and drivers in new areas
focus on in the future are analytics, data • No-code development tools • Development of analytics strategies
science concepts, and manufacturing • Need for ongoing process optimiza- for production processes focused on
and production process knowledge, tion industry applications
as well as how to apply skills in those • Robotic and mechatronic applica- • Functional data science training pro-
areas to increase productivity, qual- tions grams for operational technology
ity, profits, and flexibility. The avail- • Accessible documentation and fric- and automation professionals
ability of no-code development tools tionless collaboration • More and better online, on-demand
that empower subject-matter experts • On-demand and remote learning training programs
to create applications is another major
trend. The simplest longstanding ex-
ample of that is the spreadsheet, which
enabled a wide range of people with “The ever-changing face of the automation
subject-matter expertise to leverage profession is driven by forces ranging from changing
computing.
A 2019 survey in the pharmaceuti- markets and business models to the emergence of
cal industry reported the following six disruptive technology.” – ISA president Eric Cosman
skills as necessary for success in the
future: understanding equipment and
processes; strong communications
skills; firm understanding of software
development and programming con-
cepts; creative and detail-oriented
thinking; ability to troubleshoot equip-
ment; ability to perform complex sys-
tem tests. The survey respondents
noted that mentoring and Internet-
based online training will continue to

MEGATRENDS
Manufacturing technology transformation

Digitalization will accelerate, pushing manufacturers
to transform and enabling innovation.
Whether it is consumer and commer- other dedicated controllers is being
cial tech moving onto the production replaced by edge and embedded com-
floor or into the field, or rapid advances puting. Analytics and advance control
in artificial intelligence and cyber- incorporated into edge computers and
physical systems, the digital transfor- smart sensors create more responsive
mation of industry will accelerate. and efficient systems.
Cyber-physical systems involve
transdisciplinary approaches, merg-
ing the theory of cybernetics, mecha-
tronics, design, and process science.
Examples of cyber-physical systems
“New tools will be enabling users to directly create
include industrial control systems, applications without programming.” – Francisco Betti of the
smart grids, autonomous vehicles,
World Economic Forum
medical monitoring, robotics systems,
automatic pilot avionics, and other
targets of Industry 4.0.
Rapidly advancing technologies With greater customization of prod- • Multivendor integrated systems and
provide the means for manufacturing ucts and processes, there is pressure open standards
companies to achieve highly efficient, to develop faster and more adaptable
real-time synchronized production production environments. These in- Impact for industry
as a holistic enterprise rather than as corporate flexible process production • Manufacturing business and pro-
a collection of functional silos. This is technologies, including 3D printing, duction integration and digitaliza-
driving the integration of supply chain, robotics, collaborative robots, and tion required to be competitive
operations, automation, customer ser- mechatronics. • Competition will come from a wid-
vice, and logistics. The commoditization of manufac- ening base, including worldwide and
Industrial operations are experienc- turing technologies will enable small small and medium enterprise manu-
ing a massive shift toward digitalization and medium enterprise manufacturers facturers
made possible through multivendor (SMEs) to compete with large manufac- • Because developing economies will
open solutions. Open systems enable turers and broadens the base of the auto- leverage the latest technologies,
efficient and frictionless integration— mation industry. This is a parallel to what established organizations need to
a path the information technology (IT) happened in the computer industry with rethink manufacturing automation
industry has been on for many years. In the advent of the PC, bringing large- investment strategies
manufacturing, the use of open source company efficiencies with business sys-
code and standards has been acceler- tems, computer-aided design, and ma- For ISA members and leaders
ated by the Internet of Things. chine tool controls to small companies. • Understanding of and leadership par-
Understanding new technology so- ticipation in evolving world standards
lutions and creatively applying them Key elements and drivers • Educate manufacturing general man-
to improve manufacturing and pro- • Make-to-order manufacturing and agement and automation profession-
duction processes will become a key demand for customized products als about integration of business sys-
success factor to sustain a competitive • Real-time digital integration, sensor tems, operations, and automation
advantage. Communication is being to enterprise • Educate manufacturing general
commoditized, enabling low-cost data • Communications flexibility, includ- management and automation pro-
acquisition and linkage of real-time ing wired Ethernet and wireless (e.g., fessionals about investment analysis
business systems with production from Wi-Fi, 5G, Bluetooth) • Training for the application of ana-
sensor to enterprise. • Increasingly intelligent robots and lytics and data science concepts as
Controls and automation previously collaborative robots functional building blocks
done by programmable logic control- • Subject-matter experts empowered • Automation certification programs
lers, distributed control systems, and by no-code programming elevating the profession

MEGATRENDS
Standards under pressure

Global standards are emerging, driven by Industry 4.0
and IoT concepts and an influx of open standards-based
hardware and software.
Industry recognizes the need to mod- veterans with younger profession-
ernize. This results in open manufac- als who understand the open IoT and
turing initiatives, which lead to new computing industry technologies have
worldwide standards led by the Industry led to the creation of highly effective
4.0 movement. Open standards enable nonproprietary description of mod-
solutions. ules for process automation.
manufacturers to achieve the goal of ho- Manufacturing open-architecture ini-
listic and adaptive automation system • RAMI 4.0 Reference Architectural
tiatives are driving industrial control Model. RAMI 4.0 gives companies
architectures. Germany’s “Industrie 4.0” and automation standards. See key driv-
initiative ignited worldwide coopera- a framework for developing future
ers (below) for some of the more promi- products and business models. It
tive efforts among European countries, nent examples.
China, Japan, and India. The Internet of is designed as a three-dimensional
Things (IoT) is having a big influence on Key elements and drivers map showing companies how to
standards for industrial sites, because • MTConnect. The MTConnect stan- approach the deployment of Indus-
many commercial application require- dard (ANSI/MTC1.4-2018) has a se- try 4.0 in a structured manner.
ments match those for manufacturing: mantic vocabulary for manufactur- • The Open Group’s Open Process
real-time responsiveness, sensing, rug- ing equipment to provide structured, Automation Forum. The Open
gedness, and open communications. contextualized data with no propri- Group’s OPAF formally launched in
History has proven the impact: In etary format. November 2016 by publishing the first
the computer industry, the transition • OPC Foundation. The OPC Foun- standard in a series. OPAF continues
to open source standards resulted in a dation OPC UA semantic models to advance. The group is focused on a
significantly larger selection of lower- and schema from industry organi- multivendor, standards-based, open,
cost hardware and advanced software zations further global standardiza- secure, and interoperable process
that did not require programming. This tion interoperability (sensor to en- control architecture.
increased the number of applications terprise). It can be communicated Impact for industry
possible (again, think spreadsheets) with most communication meth- • Open standards broaden the num-
and expanded the industry dramati- ods, including modern industrial ber of solutions available to increase
cally. Manufacturers should not hesi- protocols, Ethernet, cellular, and productivity, profits, and competi-
tate to follow their example. wireless. tiveness.
• The influx of new technology suppli-
ers brings more responsive and cost-
“Imagine our frustration if lightbulbs didn’t fit into effective solutions.
• Increased ease-of-use empowers
lamps, or if there were no common-sized spark plugs for users to focus on improving their
automobiles, or if trains couldn’t move from one state to specific manufacturing processes.
another because the tracks were a different gauge.” For ISA members and leaders
• Embrace and become knowledge-
—www.StandardsLearn.org
able about open manufacturing con-
cepts and initiatives.
• Foster active participation, leader-
Increasing numbers of people newly • Industry 4.0 for Process – Modular ship, and knowledge of new stan-
entering the industrial automation in- Production. The application of Indus- dards to deliver programs for mem-
dustry are already using IoT sensors, try 4.0 concepts to improve process bers to apply the right technologies
cloud computing, and edge comput- automation is driven by NAMUR, to increase profits and efficiency.
ing to create more responsive applica- ZVEI, VDI, VDMA, and ProcessNet. • Participate in the integration of en-
tions for control and automation. The The “module type package” (MTP) is terprise computing, operations tech-
collaboration of industrial automation a central concept for a standardized, nology, and automation standards.

MEGATRENDS
Environmental, safety, and security evolutions

Societal and business concerns about cybercrime, worker
safety, sustainability, and more will require a response
from manufacturing and production companies.
Processes for engineering design and approach that encompasses all manu-
operations change not only because of facturing and production operations,
technological advances but also in re- including supply chain, production,
sponse to economic and societal forces. quality, outbound logistics, product
As societies place more value on pro- life-cycle genealogy, and customer
tecting the environment, for example, service. The emerging organizational
more investments will be made in the management model is one leader re- Key elements and drivers
development of alternative energy tech- sponsible for coordinating all cyber- • Affordability and accessibility of al-
nologies. Emissions and fossil fuel use security with all stakeholders, deploy- ternative fuels and energy sources
will gradually be replaced by alterna- ing a holistic cybersecurity strategy. • Aggressive robotics and mechatron-
tives, and this worldwide effort will dra- The chief information security officer ics application
matically reduce carbon emissions. Au- (CISO) is most likely to take on this • Holistic cybersecurity protection
tomation professionals will be required responsibility, coordinating activities achieved with the collaboration of
to focus on efficient energy use and re- among functional areas such as infor- all stakeholders
duced emissions, as well as productivity. mation systems, operations, produc- • Cybersecurity built into edge com-
Global pandemics, cyberthreats, work- tion, and automation. puters and intelligent sensors
place shootings, calls for accommodat- Organizations like the ISA Global • Pervasive Internet Protocol (IP) com-
ing differently abled or culturally diverse Cybersecurity Alliance will influence munications, both wired and wireless
Impact for industry

• Organizational changes to achieve
“As the world of production faces a perfect cybersecure digital manufacturing
• Energy-efficient production methods
storm wrought by the Fourth Industrial become essential to be competitive
Revolution, the accelerating climate emergency, • Business computing systems inte-
grated from sensor to enterprise,
raising trade tensions, and growing economic with processing happening from the
uncertainty, manufacturers must develop new edge to the cloud
capabilities and adapt.” – Francisco Betti For ISA members and leaders
• Expanded cybersecurity training and
expansion of practical guides for end
users
workers—all these forces and more will industries to get beyond technology
• Collaboration with IT cybersecurity
push manufacturing and production fixes to deliberately and purposefully
standards and groups
facilities to adapt. Companies must keep develop cultural norms that improve
• Development of intelligent sensor
workers and facilities safe, keep pro- cybersecurity. Cybersecurity will be
standards (ISA99 Level 0,1). n
cesses and products secure, and support synonymous with a safety culture.
corporate goals like carbon-neutral op- Policies for all stakeholders in the val-
erations or diversity in hiring. Being able ue chain will provide prevention and ABOUT THE AUTHOR
to evaluate technology solutions, com- escalation procedures to ensure the Bill Lydon ([email protected]) is an InTech
bine big-picture thinking with practical safety and security of assets, people, contributing editor with more than 25
implementation and management skills, and the environment. Cybersecurity years of industry experience. He regularly
and engage in global collaboration will certification of control and automa- provides news reports, observations, and
be required of automation professionals. tion equipment based on internation- insights here and on Automation.com.
For example, companies will need al standards will become a primary
an integrated, cohesive cybersecurity purchase requirement. View the online version at www.isa.org/intech/20201004.

MEGATRENDS
How industrial automation suppliers can

accelerate the adoption of emerging technologies
By Rajabahadur V. Arcot
Manufacturing companies expect industrial having the comprehensive skills in both In the past, industrial automation suppli-
automation system suppliers to stay current automation and information technologies ers have shown their adaptability to using
with technological developments and offer are better equipped to leverage it. Informa- various developments taking place in differ-
state-of-the-art solutions. They believe that tion technology (IT) companies are making ent disciplines of science and technology.
the automation systems built around indus- the bulk of the investments related to the They moved from local, mounted gauges
trial Internet technology—which include industrial Internet, edge computing, cloud and meters to panel-based pneumatic indi-
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), edge computing, big data and analytics, and cators, recorders, and controllers. Then they
computing, cloud computing, big data and artificial intelligence. So, it should be obvi- introduced electronic instruments and con-
analytics, artificial intelligence, machine ous that industrial automation companies trollers. The advent of microprocessors con-
learning, and autonomous robots—will im- and IT companies have to collaborate to tributed to the introduction of distributed
prove the performance of industrial auto- incorporate IIoT into the industrial automa- control systems, programmable logic con-
mation systems. Although there are many
possibilities with industrial Internet, con-
figurable and integration-ready automa- The industrial Internet can enhance
tion systems built with industrial Internet
capabilities are not yet available from tradi- automation system capabilities
tional automation suppliers. associated with connectivity, data
It is necessary to identify upfront the
new functionalities and performance im- gathering, data processing, visualization and much more.
provements that such systems facilitate.
Either the suppliers have to discover func-
tionalities that enrich the user experience, tion architecture. Such collaborative efforts trollers, and supervisory control and data
or the automation-system users have to are in evidence: acquisition systems.
specify their expectations. • In conjunction with Microsoft, ABB The convergence of information and
A good example of the end user tak- developed its Ability Platform, which communication technologies saw automa-
ing the lead in this regard is the Exxon- enables customers to integrate data, tion suppliers develop Fieldbus protocols in
Mobil case. ExxonMobil Research and apply big data and predictive ana- place of electrical signal transmission. It is
Engineering Company (EMRE) entered lytics, and generate insights. IBM is now time for them to incorporate industrial
into an agreement with Lockheed Martin ABB’s preferred partner for artificial Internet into their automation system archi-
to design an automation system architec- intelligence solutions. tecture to enhance its value to end users.
ture for its plants, which—while ensuring • GE has announced that it will oper- For that to happen within a short time,
modularity, interoperability, expandability, ate its software and services, includ- apart from collaborating with information
reuse, portability, and scalability—will pro- ing Predix Application Platform, on technology companies, automation sup-
vide intrinsic cybersecurity protection that Amazon Web Services and Microsoft pliers must make their devices (sensors,
is adaptable to emerging threats. Exxon- Azure public cloud data centers. transmitters, and human-machine inter-
Mobil specified its system requirements, • Emerson is working with Microsoft to faces) compatible with the industrial Inter-
and the supplier had to meet them. help industrial firms realize the value net, so that third parties can develop the
The basic competencies required for of the Industrial Internet of Things. applications or build interface devices.
architecting industrial automation systems • Yokogawa has announced agree-
to meet customer needs are automation ments that envision “process co- A call for speed and openness
fundamentals covering various types of innovation” for integrating its IIoT In the past, automation suppliers had the
sensors and transmitters, basic and advanced architecture; it has entered into luxury of taking their time to acquire the
control principles, signals and communica- agreements to use Microsoft’s Azure required competencies, introduce new
tion protocols, control system architectures, IoT Suite, FogHorn’s fog computing systems with the existing system as a
and knowledge regarding the controlled software, Bayshore’s security tech- backup, and validate the reliability and
processes and its safety, among others. nology, and Telit’s communication superiority of new systems. They had the
However, information technology is the modules, sensor onboarding, and luxury of deciding on the functionalities
foundation on which the industrial Internet– device management with respective and features of the automation systems
based control systems rest. Hence, those companies. and building them accordingly.

MEGATRENDS
Now customers want their specific re- A systems engineering approach fo- ABOUT THE AUTHOR
quirements to be fulfilled. Since they are cuses on analyzing and eliciting custom- Rajabahadur V. Ar-
already used to the rapid pace at which er needs and required functionality early cot (rajabahadurav@
the new information technology prod- in the development cycle, documenting gmail.com) is a life
ucts and gadgets are entering the mar- requirements, and then proceeding with member of ISA, a
ket and becoming obsolete, they expect further work. With such an approach, member of the ISA
similar instant fulfilment from automa- automation suppliers can build configu- Smart Manufactur-
tion suppliers. rable and integration-ready automation ing & IIoT Division,
The other challenge for automation sup- systems that include industrial Internet and an ISA-accredited
pliers is that they have a large installed base capabilities, and manufacturers can get mentor and trainer. Arcot writes industry
that has significant economic value. The the performance-enhancing automation and technology trend articles and market
way forward for them to meet customer systems they need. research reports.
needs, without discarding their existing ar-
chitecture, is to open their architecture so
that others can develop new applications
PROGRESSIVE™
and add-ons. For example, automation sup-
pliers can allow connectivity to smartphones
and other portable devices and help collab-
orative partners to develop applications.
Process experts and maintenance per-
sonnel who may not be available on site
Enclosure Air Conditioners
all the time can be brought into the deci- for indoor/outdoor use
sion-making loop with the help of mobile
devices. With an app on a mobile device, Our Progressive line of enclosure
one can access and visualize specific infor- air conditioners are specifically
mation with a touch and share it while si- designed with the features and
multaneously communicating by voice. In options most requested by
many process plants, auxiliary equipment, enclosure specialists. These include:
such as an air compressor or ash handling
plant, often comes packaged with its own • Integrated Condensate Evaporation
automation system and asset manage- • UL listed — types 12, 4 and 3R
ment software. However, it is necessary to • Powder coated or stainless steel
access that information from the central • Programmable digital controller
control room. By incorporating industrial • Two-year warranty
Internet connectivity, it is possible to access
• Mounting flange for
required information remotely.
The issue of building cybersecurity
quick installation
into automation system architectures is a
work in progress. Automation suppliers’ Cooling capacity range:
traditional way of undertaking to design 1,000 to 21,000 BTU/hr
almost everything for their own drawing
board may have to change. The com- Contact us for a brochure
monly used system integration/applica- or more information on
tion engineering approach to meet end all the other options and specs.
user requirements serves the purpose
only when all the building blocks are
Take advantage of local inventory available from our Rhode Island facility.
available and solutions are well known
and already deployed. Incorporating in-
dustrial Internet and other adjacent tech-
nologies requires missing blocks links to
be identified and developed quickly.
To quickly gain a foothold into the fu- Seifert Systems, Inc.
ture, automation suppliers must adopt sys- [email protected]
tem engineering methodologies and work 401-294-6960
with system engineering partners with www.seifertsystems.com/us
niche and complementary competencies.

ADVE RT IS IN G S E CT IO N
AUTOMATION
INNOVATORS
SHOWCASE
In conjunction with ISA’s celebration of 75 years of automation and

control innovation, Automation.com presents a showcase of vendors
offering their own innovations. From open control systems to IIoT,
enabling remote access to empowering robots, these members of
the greater automation ecosystem provide solutions that enable
digital transformation.
Look inside for

stories from:
• CODESYS
• Endress + Hauser
• FDT Group
• Harting Technology Group
• Honeywell
International Society of Automation • Moore

Benefits of an Industrial Internet of

Things platform
AWT wanted to be
Using the possibilities of Industrial Inter-
net of Things (IIoT) and CODESYS cloud- able to remotely ad-
based administration, systems integrators just system param-
and their customers—machine operators eters to optimize
of all types—can benefit from sophisti- the washing results
cated remote operations. without having to
An example of what is possible comes travel to the respec-
from AWT, a global manufacturer of au- tive production site.
tomated car wash facilities, and Inasoft, Could an IIoT
the systems integrator who developed platform help with
and optimized the control applications all these tasks? The
created entirely on CODESYS-based sys- system integra- Combining IIoT and cloud-based administration enables remote
operation of car wash control systems.
tems. Inasoft has been a CODESYS Pre- tor knew it could.
mium System Partner for many years and That’s why Inasoft
has implemented numerous successful started early to connect the car washes transition point or “edge” between the
CODESYS projects. with the CODESYS Automation Server, as local controller network and the cloud
Inasoft is in a good position to solve part of a pilot project for AWT. An IIoT plat- platform. All communication to the cloud
typical tasks that operators and manufac- form has the added benefit of protecting is encrypted and signed with X.509 certifi-
turers of remote machines have to face, equipment manufacturers and operators cates—the same security standards used
because they used the CODESYS Automa- against loss of operating income due to by online banking applications. The same
tion Server for cloud-based system admin- a control defect. In other words, the soft- security measures can be implemented for
istration. CODESYS is constantly adding ware side of device replacement could be programming the devices and communi-
new features, and the latest examples are completed swiftly so that an affected sys- cating to the local control network.
remote debugging and remote access to tem could be brought back into operation Register the edge gateways. The COD-
the controllers’ HMI interfaces and the quickly. ESYS Development System allows the sys-
data analyzer. Using CODESYS, Inasoft programmers tem integrator to register edge gateways
AWT equipment is found in facilities incould connect the CODESYS controllers at different car wash locations in the ac-
more than 40 locations spread across two to the Automation Server in just steps: count of the Automation Server.
countries. But AWT needed an overview Create an account. Accounts are set up Add controllers to the CODESYS Automa-
of the delivered control systems that al- in the CODESYS Store, where the entire tion Server. A network scan through the
lowed them to be accessed and managed administration of the accounts takes place. web interface shows all controllers con-
in a central location. Updates of the controlConnect the controllers to the cloud nected to the gateways. Inasoft can add
application software need to be deployed server. A range of security measures are these controllers with a simple mouse click.
quickly on previously installed washing sys-
available for CODESYS controllers to pro- This creates a central list of the devices that
tems—without requiring an employee on tect the devices and applications. First, can be displayed in the browser on a PC,
site to work with a PLC programming tool. the CODESYS Edge Gateway creates an laptop, or mobile device. To improve clarity,
additional layer of Inasoft additionally structured the control-
security by separat- lers graphically in topology views, e.g., with
ing the controller map views for their locations in two coun-
networks from the tries. It is also possible to group the display
Internet. Inasoft according to different types of facilities.
installs this gate- For more on this case study and
way as a software CODESYS products, as well as a multipart
service either on a tutorial on object-oriented industrial pro-
special controller gramming (OOIP),
or separately on visit https://www.
dedicated Linux or automation.com/
Windows devices. en-US/Suppliers/
CODESYS Automation Server enables an overview of all system The gateway is the SISP07/CODESYS.
locations.

50 years of innovation: Endress+Hauser

Liquid Analysis looks back
Endress+Hauser Liquid Analysis is cel-
ebrating its 50th anniversary. The success
story began in 1970 in Stuttgart, Germany
with the production and sales of pH mea-
surement transformers and gas alarm in-
struments under the name “Conducta.”
Seven years later, the company was inte-
grated into the Endress+Hauser Group and
moved to Gerlingen, Germany. The liquid
analysis specialist now has 1,000 employ-
ees at five production locations in Germa-
ny, the U.S., and China.
Endress+Hauser Liquid Analysis has
built modern production and office fa-
cilities in Gerlingen over the years. An
additional five-story building with office
space, laboratories, and technology is The liquid analysis portfolio, which is manufactured at five production facilities, ranges from
standard sensors to complete measurement stations for demanding measurement tasks.
currently under construction with com-
pletion scheduled for 2021. to a digital signal and transfers it to the continuous process and device diagnostics,
The liquid analysis portfolio ranges from transmitter without contact,” said Janani documented verification without process
standard sensors to complete measure- Balasundar, a Frost & Sullivan Industry interruption, and information for predictive
ment stations. “In addition to measuring Analyst. The consulting firm awarded maintenance. “It enhances the functions
the process conditions, our customers also Endress+Hauser its 2020 Global Liquid of devices by using process data to support
want the ability to determine material char- Analyzer Company of the Year Award re- process optimization and predictive mainte-
acteristics and product quality while the cently. nance strategies,” said Balasundar.
process is running,” says Matthias Alten- Said Balasundar, “Endress+Hauser is With the IIoT ecosystem Netilion, all
dorf, CEO of the Endress+Hauser Group. developing the next generation of Me- measurements, process data, and field
mosens technology with additional diag- device diagnostics can be used for cloud-
Digital from A to Z nostics and functionality. Such initiatives based applications. For example, the com-
Especially when it comes to digitalization, enable it to stay ahead of the product in- pany’s digital services monitor the health
Endress+Hauser is establishing milestones novation curve.” The global Company of status of devices, analyze the installed
in the area of liquid analysis. The company the Year Award recognizes a high degree base of instruments, and help organize
revolutionized the market in 2004 with of innovation with products and technolo- asset files and documents.
the introduction of Memosens technologies and the resulting leadership in terms “We have been inspiring our customers
gy. Sensors convert the measurement val- of customer value and market penetration. with innovative products for 50 years,”
ue into a digital signal and convey it to the Endress+Hauser eliminates key main- says Dr. Manfred Jagiella, Managing Di-
transmitter via wireless communications. tenance challenges through its analyzers. rector of the liquid analysis business and
With Heartbeat technology, instrument The Liquiline System CA80PH orthophos- a member of the Endress+Hauser Group
inspections can be performed without in- phate analyzer decreases operating costs Executive Board. “We maintain a con-
terrupting the process, while the Netilion through its low reagent consumption. It stant focus on research and development,
IIoT ecosystem allows the measurement also ensures high equipment availability state-of-the-art technologies, and a high
values, process data, and diagnostic in- through automatic calibration and clean- degree of automation in production.”
formation to be used with cloud-based ing, and easy, tool-free maintenance. For For more, visit https://www.us.endress.
applications. quick troubleshooting, the multiparame- com/en/field-instruments-overview.
Endress+Hauser became a forerunner ter, handheld Liquiline Mobile CML18 can
in the digital instrumentation and solu- be combined with Memosens sensors to
tions market with the introduction of help plant technicians swiftly check any
Memosens sensors in 2004. The tech- plant measuring point.
nology “redefines the concept of liquid Additionally, Endress+Hauser’s new-
analysis as it converts the measured value generation Heartbeat Technology offers

ADVE
ADVERT
RTISISIN
INGG SSEECT
CTIO
IONN
Remote monitoring enabled by a secure

and open standard
By Glenn Schulz, Managing Director, FDT Group
Secure remote monitoring. Secure remote enables full remote capabilities and gives professionals recognize as strong—and
process optimization. They used to be a diverse deployment options. it’s all pre-engineered. FDT 3.0 imple-
nice to have, but in this year of pandemic- The ability to deploy FDT 3.0 on Linux ments TLS encrypted communications
induced travel restrictions and work- in the cloud, for example, makes a robust with 509v3 certificates for authentication
from-home imperatives, they’re suddenly web service. It also scales well the oppo- as well as role-based access control.
essential. In order to keep our facilities site way, so original equipment manufac- Lastly, the number one complaint about
running, remote access digitalization is turers (OEMs) can enable access to just the FDT standard has been how difficult
becoming key. a specific section of equipment—for ex- it was to find the device type managers
FDT has long been known as an open ample, a bottling line. (DTMs) or device drivers for all devices. Some
standard, enabling easy device and net- To help a customer optimize an asset manufacturers put them all on their website,
work integration into automation solu- like a bottling line for both utilization others in a library, and still other vendors
tions. It’s established on desktop devices and availability, OEMs need the capabil- scatter them around. So even if you knew
with hundreds of thousands of installa- ity to securely keep an eye on that asset where to get them, it could take a week to
tions. But we saw the coming requirements remotely. They need to alert the customer gather them. To eliminate device manage-
for mobility and remote applications years when there’s an issue, or maybe carry out ment headaches, we invented the FDThub,
ago, so we evolved FDT to enable the next a maintenance or optimization activity. By a unified portal enabling automatic device
level of secure remote connectivity. installing a small Linux card with an FDT discovery for all certified FDT 3.0 DTMs.
The new FDT 3.0 standard has been dra- Server on it, they’re able to completely Now when you’re configuring a proj-
matically improved with built-in web and monitor the productivity and health of ect, the FDT Server assisted by the FDThub
OPC UA servers. It’s divorced from the desk- that asset. Since FDT Server also comes automatically retrieves the right DTM and
top, with graphics that can be rendered in with a built-in OPC UA server, all the downloads it securely. For facilities like
any web browser. The new architecture is device and network data is available petrochemical plants that have an air-gap
completely mobile-enabled, supporting the through OPC UA for aggregation into requirement, they can deploy a local ver-
digital worker in the field and all communi- dashboards or higher-level applications. sion of the FDThub to access the DTMs.
cations standards, including 5G. Remote operations like these have Secure, remote access, whether through
We’ve gone to a server environment so been tried for years, and it usually comes web browsing, or through OPC UA, is a real-
there’s only a single instance of FDT, and it down to concerns about security. OEMs ity with FDT 3.0. Machine builders and end
has all the necessary security. No longer a are asking that bottling line customer to users now have secure remote access without
Microsoft-centric technology, the FDT 3.0 give them access to something that’s in- having to alter the PLC or DCS to gain access.
Server can run in a Linux or Apple envi- side their facility. However, FDT provides With the FDT Server sitting at a peer level to
ronment and serve up device DTMs. This well-vetted standards that both IT and OT the PLC to the DCS, you don’t have to disturb
those environments to gain these benefits.
Glenn Schulz is the Managing Director
of FDT Group. More information is avail-
able at www.fdtgroup.org.
FDT 3.0 specification license agree-
ments and developer toolkits in addition
to a few communication annexes are
now available, including HART and Profi-
bus on the FDT website (www.fdtgroup.
org). IO-Link and CIP networks are slated
for release in the latter half of 2020 in ad-
dition to an IO-Link Interpreter DTM.
FDT 3.0: Secure remote access without having to alter the PLC or DCS to gain access.

Connectivity in the changing robot industry

By Guido Selhorst, Head of Marketing Services, HARTING Technology Group
Quality, competence, and trust: These factors form the founda- KUKA is one of the world’s leading suppliers of intelligent
tions and guarantee for a good partnership. More than ever automation solutions, offering everything from robots and man-
before, with today’s industrial world characterized by digitaliza- ufacturing cells to fully automated production systems and net-
tion, cooperation and partnerships are essential. Specialists with a working. Since beginning to cooperate more than 20 years ago,
wide range of competencies and skills are needed. This is clearly HARTING and KUKA have always created new solutions with a
demonstrated by the large number of platforms and exchange view to market requirements.
formats that exist for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) systems. One example is the special EMC housing designs for connec-
This understanding of the bundling of competencies and require- tors, which have since become a standard. In the field of robotics
ments has shaped the cooperation between KUKA and HARTING production, KUKA and HARTING created a specific component,
from a very early stage. the so-called multifunctional housing, which optimally combines
HARTING has developed into a global technology group with- the connector function and IP67 sealed electronics housing.
in the span of 75 years. Today, the company ranks as one of the HARTING now offers this in various application areas such as
world’s leading suppliers of industrial connection technology for data cabling in the controller, power cabling to a robot, or spe-
the three lifelines of power, signal, and data related to robots. cific transition elements for a PROFINET infrastructure on axis 3.
In addition, the technology group also manufactures checkout In recent years, HARTING and KUKA have focused on the
zones for the retail trade, electromagnetic actuators for auto- miniaturization trend. The KR AGILUS is a new compact robotic
motive and industrial series use, charging equipment for electric system ideal for use in flexible production environments. The
vehicles, as well as hardware and software for customers and requirement for the plug-in connection here is fast and intuitive
applications in automation technology, mechanical and plant handling, in which the design aspect also plays an important
engineering, robotics, and transportation, among others. The role. The new Han-Yellock® connector system provides a com-
success formula: HARTING has constantly “reinvented” itself pletely new locking technology for this new robot series.
over its 75-year history. Flexibility, miniaturization, and modularity are trends that are driv-
ing joint development. Ten years ago, the robot control cabinet was
as large as a standard industrial control cabinet; today’s solutions
are no larger than a desktop PC. Because application areas for small
HARTING Han-Yellock®
robotics call for the controller to be more compact, KUKA launched
connector system on a
KR AGILUS robot system the KR C5 microcontroller family, and HARTING KUKA provided the
from KUKA. new “har-motion connector.” Adapted both to the power require-
ments and space available to compact robots, it can be used flexibly
for transferring the lifelines of the robot.
Even the larger robots are subject to the miniaturization trend.
The KR C5 control system offers the option of operating up to three
machines in one control cabinet. A performance adjustment can
also be easily and flexibly accommodated by selecting different con-
trollers. This is enabled by a completely new modular and scalable
structure of the cabinet system and a new Han® Board connector.
Special mechanical guides, as well as the design structure of the
connector solution, ensure smooth mechanical plugging.
Regarding Industry 4.0 developments, KUKA and HARTING
worked on their first joint solutions at a very early stage. For
example, KUKA equipped the
HARTING I4.0 demonstrator—
the HAII4YOU Factory—with
new LBR iiwa type sensor-based
robots. The system became
the ideal platform for an inte-
grated Industry 4.0 approach
for individual and cooperative
production systems all the way
through to quantity one.

A DVE RT IS IN G S E CT IO N
Connect digital twins to support the

autonomous oilfield
By Vineet Lasrado, Honeywell Oil & Gas Technical Solutions Consulting, Houston
Much has been written about the prom- injected into the well for
ise of digital technology in the upstream flow assurance.
industry. The terms “autonomous well” Here is an example to bet-
or “autonomous oilfield” are being used, ter understand a connected
but is that really possible? digital twin. ESP producer
The technology to automatically adjust wells flow into the gathering
the operating conditions of wells and pro- network. Using algorithms
cess equipment (i.e., closed-loop process that look for patterns in data,
control) has existed for decades. Honey- it is possible to predict a likely
well’s Advanced Process Control (APC) ESP failure a few days before
technology has been used by a major off- the actual event occurs—
shore operator in its Ula, North Sea, and something many predictive analytics point from reduced chemical usage while miti-
Marlin, Gulf of Mexico, offshore assets. solutions can do to help users plan for a re- gating asset integrity risks.
Another industry example of APC imple- placement ESP. More importantly, however, Typical benefits of using Honeywell tech-
mentation in artificial lift is the use of APC is extending the equipment’s run life—keep- nology include increasing production by
technology for adjusting set points of elec- ing the ESP running within its operating en- four percent, reducing energy costs, and
trical submersible pumps to optimize pro- velope—beyond just raising alarms when saving $1 million USD per year in taxes
duction while minimizing electrical power important ESP parameters go out of range. due to CO2 reductions. Additional benefits
consumption. APC goes beyond integrat- Now let’s understand possible linkages from improved equipment conditions and
ed production modeling to provide closed- between the ESP, chemical injection, and process and corrosion monitoring can result
loop process control. This technology is pipeline integrity as a “connected” ex- in an estimated $8–10 million in savings.
also routinely applied in the downstream ample. Because ESPs are driven by motors, Honeywell has been delivering digital
oil and gas and process industries. thermal energy released by the motors twin technology for over 20 years, and last
Honeywell has worked on such projects raise the temperature of the production year signed a 10-year partnership agree-
across multiple industries. But in a world fluids. Corrosion inhibition chemicals are ment with ADNOC Group for one of the
inundated with an increasing number of often injected to minimize corrosion in the world’s largest predictive maintenance proj-
digital twins and AI/ML vendors, what production pipeline network, but they lose ects in the oil and gas industry. As technol-
differentiates the leaders from the rest? their effectiveness above a certain temper- ogy advances and engineers become more
The answer is deep domain knowledge, ature. The corrosion inhibitor also loses ef- comfortable with these technologies, we ex-
industry experience, and a track record fectiveness in certain flow regimes, which pect to see increased adoption of connected
of building digital twins—in particular, requires an understanding of the flow con- digital twins in the oil and gas industry.
connected or composite digital twins. ditions within the production network. If a
Because various simulation models are digital twin were to be built to monitor this Vineet Lasrado has worked on several digi-
available that are purpose-built/best-in- process, we would need to connect the tal oil field projects for upstream oil and gas
class for specific types of equipment or data from the ESP (i.e., equipment digital producing and oil field service providers for
processes, one or more of these models twin) and the production system, including two decades. His experience includes strat-
can be combined to better represent the fluid flow, fluid temperature, concentra- egy and business case definition, technol-
performance of equipment or processes. tions of chemical inhibitor, and corrosion ogy selection/definition, process improve-
In upstream oil and gas, fluids move rate (i.e., process digital twin). ment, technical workflows design, solution
from the reservoir through downhole In this example, the ESP motor tempera- architecture definition and implementation.
completions into the wellbore, and ture could have an adverse impact on pipe- Lasrado is a frequent speaker at Society of
through manifolds into the production line integrity. This is where a connected digi- Petroleum Engineers (SPE) events and has
separator, and may also go back (inject- tal twin and domain knowledge help realize several technical papers authored in digital
ed) into the reservoir. This is one reason integrated operations or integration across fields. He is a core member of Honeywell’s
for connecting or integrating the digital disciplines. The process digital twin can also Oil & Gas Technical Solutions Consulting
twins. Wells can have a combination of provide useful information about whether group based in Houston.
advanced completions, such as inflow chemicals are being over- or under-injected
control valves and electrical submersible when combined with surveillance data. This
pumps. Chemical inhibitors may also be capability has the potential for huge savings

Remembering Leonard W. Moore:

1934–2019
Moore Indus- Signal Converter and Isolator—Moore and Moore realized he had a passion for instru-
tries started his “troops” went on to design, build, and ments and control circuits. After his tour
out with three support more than 225 different products in Japan, he left the Army and returned
employees in that isolate, protect, convert, alarm, moni- home to Iowa. In 1958, newly married to
a garage in tor, control, and interface with any indus- wife Martha Moore, he took a job with
California in trial or automation control and monitoring Hughes Aircraft in El Segundo, Calif.
1968. Founder system. Moore held several patents related Moore’s goal when founding Moore
and then Presi- to electronic instrument packaging, signal Industries-International, Inc. in North
dent Leonard conditioning, and instrumentation and Hills, Calif., was to design rugged indus-
W. Moore es- monitoring systems. In fact, in the late trial instrument solutions that he knew the
tablished the 1980s, Moore patented and introduced industry needed. He used to say that at
company with a focus on product quality, the Cable Concentrator System, which al- Moore Industries “we are an engineering
reliability, and customer service. But the lows dozens of I/O to be transmitted on a company that solves customer’s problems
industry was dealt a blow on 6 September single, twisted-wire digital pair. by manufacturing bulletproof solutions.”
2019 when this pioneer of industrial pro- Moore Industries products today in- Moore’s rugged outlook extended to his
cess control, system integration, and factory clude alarms, HART interface devices, hobbies. He was an accomplished race car
automation died. On the occasion of ISA’s temperature sensing and transmitting driver who competed on the Trans Am Race
75th anniversary, it’s worth remembering products, signal conditioners, and isola- Circuit, and capable flier who got his pilot’s
the loves and legacy of Len Moore, who tors with an expanding line of IEC 61508– license in 2005 at the age of 73. Today,
was elected an ISA Fellow in 1996 for his certified Functional Safety devices. Moore Industries employees worldwide
contributions to the advancement of signal After graduating from Iowa State Uni- strive to carry on Len Moore’s legacy and
conditioning instrumentation and moni- versity with a BS in electrical engineer- original mission: creating tough and reliable
toring systems, including radio frequency ing, Moore entered the Army in 1953 as products for one of the most respected
interference and electromagnetic interfer- a weapons guidance specialist and spent companies in the process control industry.
ence protection. He was awarded an ISA time at Fort Sill, Okla., and Fort Bliss, Tex-
Honorary Membership in 2009, a distinc- as. He then served in Japan, training and
tion that recognizes individuals who pro- teaching soldiers how to operate, cali-
foundly support and/or contribute to the brate, and repair various guidance and ar-
advancement of the arts and sciences of tillery weapon systems. It was here where
instrumentation, systems, and automation.
At the time of his honorary award,
Moore said, “When I learned about this
Meet Moore Industries-International, Inc.
Since 1968, Moore Industries has been serving process manufacturing businesses and
honor, and this might sound corny, the
Fortune 500 companies in oil, gas, mining, chemical, power generation, water/waste-
first thing that came to mind was all
water treatment, pharmaceutical, food, beverage, consumer packaged goods, semi-
of the talented people that have come
conductor, and biotechnology industries. Today, Moore Industries is a company that
through our door to earn an honest liv-
strives to carry on its original mission of tough and reliable products. As a designer
ing, and that we have supported them
and manufacturer of interface instruments for industrial process control, system inte-
with a great place to work . . . . While
gration, and factory automation, the company’s success wouldn’t have been possible
I have been involved with many exciting
without customers.
product and business development pur-
To better serve those customers, Moore Industries rolled out an updated mobile-friend-
suits during our 40-year history, I think
ly website (www.miinet.com) that features an easy-to-use and expanded product cata-
what I am most proud of is the culture we
log. The updated website enables easy access to all the resources the previous site had
have created at Moore Industries.”
including links to videos, whitepapers, applications, problem solvers, E-Help, a download
That culture includes a strong focus on
center, certification information, and news from our popular blog. New features include
customer relationships with Moore Indus-
an expanded applications section, a “Find Your Rep Map,” UPS and FedEx tracking, and
tries continuing to provide quality in pro-
an expanded support section. You can also learn more about Moore through a short
cess industry products and services for
video called “Meet Moore Industries-International, Inc.” that is now on YouTube. In
customers worldwide.
just under one minute, get an insider’s view of engineering, manufacturing, fabrica-
Starting with one signal isolating/con-
tion, machining, and assembly capabilities in the company’s California headquarters.
verting instrument in early days—the SCT

Stock your shelves with

our best-selling and
essential cybersecurity titles
Save 15% when you buy our full Cybersecurity Library
Learn how to protect your organization, equipment, customers, and employees with strategies from renowned
cybersecurity experts. Our Cybersecurity Library features seven titles covering the most important topics in
industrial automation and control system security today, including our newest release: Security PHA Review for
Consequence-Based Cybersecurity.
Industrial Automation and Control System

Security Principles: Protecting the Critical
Infrastructure Purchase today!
Second Edition
Ronald L. Krutz, PhD, PE Visit isa.org/cyberlibrary
No coupon code required
Best seller
Industrial Network Security PHA Review Automation

Security for Consequence- Network
Second Edition Based Cybersecurity Selection: A
David J. Teumim Edward M. Marszal Reference
and Jim McGlone Manual
Third Edition
NEW Dick Caro
Industrial Data Industrial Mission Critical

Communications Ethernet Operations
Fifth Edition Third Edition Primer
Lawrence M. Thompson John S. Rinaldi Steve Mustard
and Tim Shaw and Perry S. Marshall
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION
of batch review
improves operations efficiency
and release time
Three strategies help life sciences companies
implement more successful review by exception
B
By Emilee Cook iotechnology and pharmaceutical compa- pletion, making the cumbersome manual review
nies are under more pressure than ever to process a bottleneck for timely release.
safely develop new medicines as quickly
as possible. In response, many of these organiza- Streamlining batches with review by exception
tions are reexamining their manufacturing strate- Moving to RBE digitalized and automated many
gies with digital transformation in mind to ensure of the steps necessary to safely improve and
each batch leaves the plant quickly and safely. expedite batch releases. Now, within 10 minutes
One large, global biopharmaceutical man- of an exception, the software identifies it, logs
ufacturer has begun to improve operations it, and notifies the team. With faster notification
performance by implementing a live review- of exceptions, QA personnel can fix problems
by-exception (RBE) process. The process is in- faster, and track patterns to identify process
tegrated into the plant’s production review and problems and eliminate them earlier.
allows the plant’s quality assurance (QA) team Right after implementing RBE, the team iden-
to identify process deviations and their sever- tified a problem with a salt feeder not respond-
ity as they occur. Previous approaches required ing properly. Fixing the problem required an
waiting for a batch to complete, and then re- operator to manually open and close a butterfly
viewing all exceptions line by line. valve. This manual intervention created more
The organization focused on three strategies than 150 exceptions for each buffer prep appli-
to make sure a shift away from paper records to- cation. Once the team began using RBE, anoth-
ward live digital RBE would deliver the desired er exception was identified almost immediately.
results. By expanding automation to empower These fast alerts enabled a quick response,
employees, building staff support with user- which in turn helped QA isolate and diagnose
friendly solutions, and standardizing technol- the root cause. The QA team changed the feed
ogy for fast return on investment (ROI), the QA mechanism, ultimately improving the quality of
team accomplished a 200 percent ROI in the the buffer solution. The change also improved
first month after implementing live RBE. efficiency, as the operator was no longer required
to manually adjust the valve.
Expand automation to empower employees Digitalization of the review process has al-
Before the biotech organization implemented lowed the QA team to safely auto-release 50–60
RBE, a typical batch release took three to four percent of batches immediately after comple-
weeks to complete. The QA team ran a batch tion (figure 1). Average batch release time went
report—typically hundreds of pages long—and from four weeks to six hours.
reviewed, logged, and manually cleared each The organization saved millions of dollars
exception. Batches were held until review com- in finished goods inventory, and QA personnel

DIGITALIZATION
gained more time to focus on manufacturing around the exception. Because the process was
performance and product quality. so complex, the team typically had to run the
batch reports multiple times to ensure they
Build staff support with user-friendly solutions caught all the exceptions.
Before implementing RBE, QA personnel were
frustrated with the time it took to manage ex- Automation systems handle the busywork
ceptions, with manual logging taking upward The live exception notifications available in the
of 15 minutes per exception. Logging also re- RBE process helps the team release batches in
quired manually annotating exceptions with hours rather than weeks. Having a live RBE sys-
essential metadata—key performance indica- tem integrated with the organization’s produc-
tors, quality attributes, and variables—to pro- tion review not only identifies exceptions, but
vide the full context of the production process also helps the QA team resolve them.
Traditional review process
Buffer/media Fermentation Purification QA review Release

prep
Manual batch
report review
Figure 1. Traditional
Live review by exception batch review can delay
product release by
Automatically weeks as teams review
Buffer/media Fermentation Purification Release reports. Live review-by-
prep exception software—
Releasing such as Emerson’s
Quality Review Man-
Automatic exception capture,
ager—identifies issues,
review, and resolution enabling auto-release
and reducing time to
market.

DIGITALIZATION
custom RBE application. Fortunately, before they began that

process, they were introduced to an existing RBE solution
designed to integrate with the existing manufacturing execu-
tion system (MES) and distributed control system (DCS).
Choosing a solution specifically designed to work with the
existing MES and DCS benefited the team in several ways.
It required no additional complex engineering, because it
seamlessly integrated with the organization’s MES and DCS.
This reduced the project time and made the RBE system eas-
ier to maintain over its life cycle. The team also pulled alarms
and OPC exceptions into the RBE system in real time, helping
them stay better informed.
The software also uses an interface already familiar to plant
personnel, as it is similar to the MES and DCS interface, so it
is easy for users to understand how to incorporate it into ex-
isting practices. The plant had planned a four-month adop-
tion curve for RBE, but personnel were already comfortably
using the system after only two weeks.
Figure 2. Operators use Emerson’s Syncade Quality Review Man- Faster implementation means faster benefits, with the
ager on tablets to review and resolve exceptions while collabo- team seeing a 200 percent ROI in the first month after imple-
rating live with the QA team. Both teams can add comments and mentation of the RBE. In addition, the QA team has moved
answer questions to speed exception resolution.
away from addressing exceptions and back toward a focus
on reducing manufacturing issues, resulting in better quality
Exceptions delivered by the RBE system come with a se- and increased performance across the plant.
verity level and associated resolution process. For example, RBE technologies operate directly at the intersection of au-
a high severity exception might require a staged process in- tomation and personnel to help plants make the efficiency
cluding an operator signature, QA review signature, QA veri- gains necessary to improve processes and dramatically cut
fier signature, and management-level signature. The live RBE release times. When an RBE system empowers personnel and
software automatically guides this process, so QA members smoothly integrates with existing tools, operators not only
do not have to spend time searching for people in the plant perform their tasks with more confidence, but also have the
and gathering information and signatures manually. Not only process history and task flexibility to focus on other critical
does RBE identify exceptions automatically, it also logs them issues affecting performance and quality. In addition, digi-
and records all necessary metadata as the event occurs, help- talized production boosts morale and increases collaboration
ing with batch record accuracy and efficiency. among plant personnel, improving the overall plant experi-
Personnel quickly embraced the digital transformation of ence for operators, QA team members, and other plant staff.
batch review, because it made their jobs easier. Operators All these benefits helped the biotechnology manufacturer
no longer spend time logging exceptions; they simply record rapidly expand and evolve to meet the demands of patients
a comment and move on. They also have more accurate facing newly discovered illnesses. Digitally transforming pro-
records, making it easier to trend production problems and cesses using technologies such as RBE is critical to meeting
quickly identify solutions. these needs quickly. Digitalized production ensures plants
Now, the majority of exceptions are cleared by the time a can quickly, easily, and safely scale production up or down
batch is finished. QA team members collaborate live on the without affecting quality or performance. n
floor with operators using tablets with RBE software installed
to view and resolve exceptions. Both QA members and oper- ABOUT THE AUTHOR
ators can add comments and answer questions, significantly Emilee Cook is a product manager for life
shortening the time it takes to reach resolution. sciences software at Emerson. She has a BS
in chemical engineering, a master’s degree
Standardize technology for fast ROI in engineering management, and certifica-
The QA team has created a dashboard showing open and
tions in human-centered design, user re-
close times for exceptions. The team has visibility to the work
search, and technology management. She
that needs to be done and can quickly resolve exceptions and
studies industry problems in depth and de-
return its attention to any manufacturing quality issues. The
signs, creates, and tests solutions with users
constant visible reminder of the increased performance and
to develop products that keep the pharmaceutical and biotech in-
efficiency has generated a significant morale boost.
dustries moving forward.
When the QA team initially considered digital transfor-
mation of their processes, they planned to write and build a View the online version at www.isa.org/intech/20201005.

The Plant Floor in Your Pocket
Get an overview of your process at a glance.
Control your SCADA with a swipe.
See the
t e live
i demoe o now.
o
S
Scan this QR code with your
y phone
o
or visit
std demo.ia.io/tech
Temperature and
pressure monitoring
with IIoT sensors
Low-power, wide-area industrial temperature and
pressure sensors enhance monitoring capabilities,
leading to clearer understanding of maintenance
needs and improved decision making
W
By Takayuki Sugizaki alking through most process plants asset management system, or a process historian.
or remote facilities, an observer will While this method works well in some parts of
encounter a sizeable collection of existing plants, wired instrumentation is not al-
temperature and pressure instruments. Without ways practical or possible.
knowledge of the two critical parameters of temper- It can be difficult to run conduit, power, and
ature and pressure, it is often impossible to prop- communication lines to distant locations, and
erly monitor a process and maintain equipment. the cost may be prohibitive for one or two
Temperature is primarily measured by one of instruments. Furthermore, wired solutions place
two methods in a plant environment, by either a constraints on instruments’ physical locations,
thermocouple or a resistance temperature detec- restricting flexibility if monitoring requirements
tor. Pressure can be measured by a variety of meth- change.
ods, but each involves measuring the force a prod- Some applications do not require continuous
uct process exerts on one side of a medium relative monitoring at a host system but may require
to the force on the other side. The medium can manual readings of gauges to be performed and
be a fluid or a diaphragm, and the force opposing recorded on a regular schedule to keep a general
the product process force may be a spring, a fluid, watch on equipment health. In these situations,
the atmosphere itself, or another product process equipment may be located in confined spaces or
force. A pressure sensor resolves the forces at play hazardous environments that may pose safety
into a pressure value. risks to plant personnel when gathering data.
Inconvenient wired practices Modern wireless solutions

Traditionally, transmitting a temperature or pres- Spurred by a globally increasing desire to boost
sure measurement to a central plant control loca- productivity and improve the efficiency of equip-
tion required a wired line from an instrument to ment maintenance in plants, there is a need to
a host, such as a basic process control system, an detect and analyze abnormalities and identify

AUTOMATION BASICS
Easy to relocate
1 km
1 km
LoRaWAN
gateway
Easy to add
Figure
F g 1. Data transmission via LoRaWAN is
rel
reliable over distances up to a kilometer, even
iin electrically
l ll noisy plant
l environments con-
ttaining multiple
l l b barriers to radio
d waves, suchh
as walls, tanks, and process equipment.
Source: Yokogawa
degrading equipment. In hard-to-reach loca- A host system, whether on premises or in the

tions—such as distant sites, confined spaces, or cloud, can continuously monitor data formerly
dangerous environments—there are advantages read on gauges and limited by operator rounds.
to be gained by introducing sensors that utilize
modern wireless technologies. Sensor anatomy
The two wireless instrumentation technologies LPWA industrial sensors comprise a module for
most often used in process manufacturing are in- temperature or pressure measurement coupled
plant networks, such as ISA100, and long-range with a wireless communication module. When
wireless networks. In-plant networks are more the modules are connected, program and param-
capable but require more effort and resources to eter settings stored on the measuring module are
set up than their long-range counterparts. This copied to the wireless communication module for
article will focus on long-range wireless networks transmission (figure 2).
and show their advantages in certain applications. By storing configuration parameters on the mea-
Low-power, wide-area (LPWA) industrial sensors surement module, wireless communication mod-
for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications ules may be easily swapped without disrupting the
address the obstacles faced when making mea- product process. The dual-module setup also allows
surements in hard-to-reach or distant locations. personnel to replace batteries without taking the
They are compact, lightweight, battery powered, product process offline. During battery replace-
and durable. They can transmit data wirelessly ment, the wireless communication module—con-
to a long-range, wide-area network (LoRaWAN) taining the battery that powers both modules—is
gateway. Data transmission via LoRaWAN is re- decoupled from the measuring module. Once bat-
liable over distances up to a kilometer, even in tery replacement is complete and the modules are
electrically noisy plant environments containing reconnected, the measurement module transfers
multiple barriers to radio waves, such as walls, its program and parameter settings to the wireless
tanks, and process equipment (figure 1). communication module.

AUTOMATION BASICS
The wireless
The program and communication
parameters are stored in module can be
the measuring module. replaced regardless
When the module is of the combination
connected, these are with measuring
copied to the wireless modules.
communication module.
Figure 2. Some temperature and pressure measurement modules, such as the Yokogawa LPWA industrial Sushi Sensors, can be coupled
with a wireless communication module to transmit equipment data. Wireless communication modules may be swapped or replaced
without disrupting the production process.
Source: Yokogawa
The wireless communication mod- uses a piezoresistive diaphragm for lower Application cases
ule handles data transmission to the power consumption and noise reduction When multistage heat exchangers are
LoRaWAN gateway and incorporates a compared with other diaphragm types. used in a plant, the first stage input and
near-field communication radio for sen- The diaphragm’s degree of deflection var- last stage output temperatures are usually
sor configuration from a compatible ies the electrical resistance within the sen- monitored online. By installing LPWA indus-
mobile device, such as a smartphone. sor, which is converted to a pressure value trial temperature sensors in the tight spaces
When coupled, the communication and based on factory configuration. As with between stages, it is possible to increase
measurement modules are encased in an its temperature sensor counterpart, the data capture and better understand equip-
IP67/NEMA 4X–rated waterproof, dust- LPWA industrial pressure sensor transmits ment conditions in the heat exchanger. This
proof, and explosionproof housing for its pressure value to the LoRaWAN gate- enables anomaly detection at every stage,
use in harsh environments. way at a user-defined update time. knowledge that can improve operational
LPWA industrial temperature sensors Data is normally collected and transmit- and maintenance efficiency.
accept input from a thermocouple, mak- ted by LPWA industrial sensors at a period In another scenario, leaks or clogging
ing them compatible with instrumenta- ranging from every minute to once every can degrade dust collectors and their pip-
tion found at most plants. They convert three days. An LPWA industrial sensor ing, decreasing operational efficiency.
the voltage input to a temperature value containing a single D-size battery may last Pressure gauges are usually mounted to
using reference junction compensation up to 10 years without battery replace- detect such abnormalities over wide areas
and built-in conversion tables, and then ment when transmitting one equipment within plants, with visual observations
send this value to the LoRaWAN gateway. data point per hour, depending on ambi- made during operator rounds. Replacing
An LPWA industrial pressure sensor ent temperature. these pressure gauges with LPWA indus-

AUTOMATION BASICS
trial pressure sensors increases the fre- * Sushi Sensor is a registered trademark or trademark
quency, ease, and reliability of measure- of Yokogawa Electric Corporation.
Looking for more
* LoRa is a registered trademark, and LoRaWAN is a
ment. Additionally, the data is optimized
trademark of Semtech Corporation.
automation basics?
for immediate use by a plant historian or
* All other company, organization, product names, and
other software system, without requiring InTech FOCUS, an electronic
logos that appear in this article are either trademarks or
human effort to input or translate indi- periodical from ISA, is a series that
registered trademarks of their respective holders.
vidual data points. focuses on the fundamentals of
essential automation components,
ABOUT THE AUTHOR such as instrumentation, final control
Benefits gained elements, and more. Become a member
By capitalizing on wireless technological Takayuki Sugizaki of ISA to get subscriptions to both
advances in temperature and pressure is an IoT wireless InTech and InTech FOCUS. Find past
sensors, plant owners can move beyond promotion man- ebooks in the series at https://www.
automation.com/en-us/resources-list-
the obstacles inherent with wired sen- ager at Yokogawa pages/intech-focus-ebooks.
sor architectures. Increased freedom to Electric Corpora-
deploy sensors that reliably transmit data tion. He works in
for seamless integration into host sys- the Technical Con-
tems leads to clearer understanding of sulting Section of An InTech e-edition covering the fundamentals of automation
equipment maintenance needs. It is this the CX Strategy

understanding—as well as the ability to Department, specializing in industrial au-
detect abnormalities—that enables plant tomation products and services. Sugizaki
owners to remain a step ahead in regard has been with Yokogawa for 18 years and
to equipment maintenance, while con- has 35 years of experience in the elec-
tinuously refining and improving product tronics industry. He has a BS in electronic
process efficiency. n engineering from Shinshu University.
Convert your mobile device into a

full featured HART communicator.
NEW!
Cloud features!
ProComSol, Ltd is a leader in the design and manufacture of

advanced, cost-effective, and reliable HART communication
products for the Process Control marketplace.

association news | Highlights & Updates
ISA adds four to distinguished list

of ISA Fellows
T
he esteemed member grade of “Fellow” is one of ISA’s high- tee.” The nominations are reviewed annually, and those receiving
est honors. To earn this distinction, a Senior Member must a majority vote of the Society’s executive board are elected.
possess “outstanding and acknowledged engineering or sci- The Admissions Committee, chaired by Bridget Fitzpatrick, and
entific attainments [and] must receive peer evaluations leading to the ISA executive board are pleased to announce that four out-
recommendation for election by the Society Admissions Commit- standing individuals have been elected as Fellows for 2020:
Donald Dunn of Waldemar S. Nelson John Sorge, retired, of Birmingham,

& Co. in Highlands, Texas. Recognized Ala. Recognized for leading, advocating,
for the education and standardization of sponsoring, and technically contributing
terminology, as well as requirements and to activities, projects, and organizations to
guidance related to alarm management advance instrumentation and control re-
and process industry safety. search on and application of new power-
generation technologies.
David Rahn of the U.S. Nuclear Regula- Richard Van Fleet of Andritz Inc. in
tory Commission in Rockville, Md. Recog- Cumming, Ga. Recognized for providing
nized for developing and implementing subject matter expertise and technical
new methodology and acceptance criteria support relating to sensor development
to establish the reliability of critical safety and implementation of advanced process
equipment of nuclear power plants. control and sustained process optimiza-
tion of pulping and bleaching processes.
Upon being elected an ISA Fellow, Rahn said, “I am very hon- In ISA’s 75-year history, this professional recognition has been
ored to be recognized by my colleagues . . . and feel very fortu- bestowed on 495 distinguished individuals. See the entire list
nate to be a part of the good work that is being accomplished at www.isa.org/members-corner/isa-honors-and-awards/fellow-
by ISA to identify and establish good standards and practices in member. Profiles of 2020 ISA Fellows will appear in future issues
the instrumentation and automation field.” of InTech. ■
2020 ‘Celebrating Excellence’ award winners announced
A
nnually, ISA recognizes and hon- Excellence in Technical Innovation (en- tion Networks in Calgary, Alberta, Cana-
ors the outstanding efforts of dowed by Honeywell UOP) to Soliman da; and Clifford Wuertz of Cypress, Texas.
ISA members to support and Almadi of Saudi Aramco in Dhahran, Division Excellence to ISA’s Analysis Division.
advance the Society and the automa- Eastern Saudi Arabia. Division Leader Excellence to Ed Naranjo
tion community at large. This year, the Excellence in Technical Presentation to of Honeywell’s Process Measurement
Honors & Awards Committee, chaired by Abdulkadar Susnerwala of Air Liquide and Control Division in Eagan, Minn.
Brian Curtis, is pleased to announce 14 in Houston. Section Excellence to ISA’s Bangalore
Celebrating Excellence award winners. Excellence in Education to Himanshu Patel section in Karnataka, India.
“The Celebrating Excellence awards of the Institute of Technology at Nirma Section Leader Excellence to Dattatray
stimulate, enhance, encourage, acknowl- University in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. Sawant of the ISA’s Maharashtra sec-
edge, and reward outstanding contribu- Mentoring Excellence to Greg McMillan tion in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
tions to ISA and the automation profes- of Emerson in Austin, Texas. Standards Excellence to Donald Dunn of
sion by providing an avenue for individuals Excellence in Enduring Service to Catherine Waldemar S. Nelson & Co. in Highlands,
to compete for recognition within estab- Andrews of Hile Controls of Alabama in Texas.
lished categories,” said Curtis. The 2020 Pelham, Ala.; James Haw of La Porte, Tex- Volunteer Leader of the year to Cheri
winners are: as; Ian Verhappen of Industrial Automa- Haarmeyer of Pearland, Texas. ■

Highlights & Updates | association news
SMIIoT:
ISA’s newest division turns one
A
two-and-a-half-year journey to create the
Smart Manufacturing and IIoT Division of ISA
resulted in big news to report: As of 15 September
2020, this newest ISA division has 822 members from 54 coun-
tries, with membership steadily increasing.
Sujata Tilak is cofounder and director of the division. Car-
los Mandolesi, ISA president-elect secretary 2021, is also a co-
founder. According to Tilak, “My company started working in
the Industrial Internet of Things [IIoT] space as early as 2012. I
Digital Transformation in Deepwater would often think about how industrial automation and control
Production Virtual Conference debuts systems play a very vital role in IIoT and is the foundation for
IIoT. Conversely, all major areas of automation are impacted by
I
SA hosted the Digital Transformation in Deepwater Produc- IIoT. I remember my conversation about this in Mumbai with Jim
tion Virtual Conference on 16 September 2020, featuring Keaveney, then ISA president, in October 2015. He agreed that
11 speakers and panelists representing Shell, VisCo, BP, and ISA should look at these areas.”
more. “This program has been carefully crafted to offer a broad- Tilak said she talked up the idea of a new division during SLM
based overview of the latest technology and best practices in this in 2017 and got mixed reactions, but that is when Mandolesi
critical area of automation,” said Ken Nguyen, conference chair came forward to work with her on it. The SMIIoT division was
and program manager at BP. He said the speakers were asked to approved in October 2019. Now more than IIoT, SMIIoT encom-
keep their presentations brief to allow more time for questions passes eight aspect of smart manufacturing: IIoT, cloud tech-
and interaction. Like ISA’s previous virtual conferences, the event nologies, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML),
featured a virtual Exhibit Hall as well as several chat rooms for communication and networking (industrial Internet), cyberse-
networking opportunities. curity, cyber-physical systems, digital twin and simulation, and
In the opening presentation, Andrea Course, venture princi- virtualization technologies (virtual reality and augmented reality).
pal for Shell Ventures, described Shell’s digital transformation, Division members have formed technical committees focused
highlighting lessons to encourage success in the increasingly IoT- on the above areas, each with a leader and eight to 10 mem-
connected digital era. Course has 14 years of experience in the bers. The largest TC has 28 members. Adds Tilak, “We hope to
energy sector and worked with Schlumberger Technology Invest- catch all the action happening in the SM and IIoT space via our
ments before joining Shell. diverse membership and contribute to this action.” ■
Shell IT CTO Johan Krebbers spent his presentation explor-
ing the following question: What is the role of standards and
technology in getting data ready for analytics? He asserted that
good models start with good data and that sharing data can
help identify megatrends. Setrag Khoshafian, PhD, who has 30
years of experience as a senior executive in the software industry,
discussed virtualizing access to data, championing the impor-
tance of preserving a single version of the truth (master data).
The final three sessions focused on digital twins. Satyam Priya-
darshy, PhD, the first chief data scientist in the oil and gas indus-
try, spoke about the digital twin value chain. Digital maturity and
disruption in this field “unlocks the potential to structurally lower
costs, shorten time to first oil, increase optionality in exploration
and production, and enhance performance across the entire value
chain,” he said. VisCo CEO Oystein Stray and Bendik Bendiksen
presented a digital twin and augmented reality case study.
To find out about the next webinar or conference in ISA’s Digi-
tal Transformation event series, visit https://isaautomation.isa.
org/virtual-events-program-digital-transformation. ■ Carlos and Sujata celebrating after division approval.

The importance of
Inclusion, diversity, and mentoring: the Fundamentals of
A Q&A with ISA member Rhonda Pelton Engineering Exam
R G
raduations may have been dis-
honda Pel- In my current role, I ensure effective and
rupted in this pandemic year,
ton, the op- consistent implementation of process au-
but one ISA member wants to
erational ex- tomation technology and resources.
make sure engineering grads remember
cellence leader for ISA: Describe your involvement in the
that in addition to whatever form the
the Global Process Dow Promise Program.
celebration takes, there might be one
Automation Tech- RP: Dow Promise started as a vision of
more thing to do to help ensure their
nology group at Dow employees to positively impact Afri-
future success: “You ought to think
Dow and a former can American communities near Dow
about taking the Fundamentals of Engi-
director of ISA’s Chemical & Petroleum locations, where economic and education-
neering (FE) exam, also called the Engi-
Industries Division, was recently named al challenges may be barriers to success. It
neer in Training (EIT) exam,” says Brad
eighth on the EMPower Top 100 Ethnic was a promise to give something back to
Stephen Carlberg, PE, a control systems
Minority Future Leaders list for 2020. This kids and their communities. As part of the
engineer with more than 30 years of
list honors outstanding business leaders Dow Promise initiative, I have worked with
experience and a volunteer ISA leader.
who use their platform to make signifi- students in the African American commu-
“You owe it to yourself, after spending
cant contributions to ethnic minority peo- nity to deliver projects addressing finan-
all that time in engineering school, to
ple at work in the U.S., Canada, the U.K., cial literacy, STEM education, health and
get this certification.”
Ireland, and Europe. safety, and college and career preparation.
Many U.S. universities have a class
Pelton serves on the leadership council ISA: What does diversity and inclusion
for the FE exam review, but many engi-
of the Global African Affinity Network at mean to you?
neers do not take it, says Carlberg. They
Dow and on the Dow Promise Advisory RP: In engineering and other STEM
think they will never need it.
Council. She also volunteers with the Dow fields, we are problem solvers. Diversity
“I was lucky that the professors at my
Promise Program, which seeks to mitigate and inclusion in these fields means that all
alma mater, Washington State University,
educational and economic challenges people and perspectives are considered. It
told us all to take the EIT exam our last se-
faced by African American communities means we invite everyone to the table and
mester in college,” Carlberg says. “Over
near Dow sites. Pelton has worked with work together to find solutions. Diversity
the past 36 years since I graduated, how-
Dow University relations as a team lead and inclusion do not start in the work-
ever, I am often amazed that so many
for diverse talent recruitment, resulting in place, but in our homes, our communities,
people—recent graduates as well as
a record number of minority interns and and our classrooms.
those who graduated many years ago—
co-op students during the 2018–2019 ISA: What can leaders do to help create/
claim that they did not need to take [it].”
school year. She is a Dow STEM Ambas- sustain an inclusive environment in their
They say they see no need to proceed to
sador, a facilitator at Girls Construction organizations?
the next step, which is to sit for the Pro-
Camp, and a Girls STEM Academy speak- RP: As engineers and scientists, we are
fessional Engineer (PE) certification.
er at NASA Space Center Houston. conditioned to follow the data. In discuss-
“For me, getting a PE was my default
ISA staff writer Kara Phelps inter- ing what leaders can do to create and
goal after graduation,” Carlberg says.
viewed Pelton for the ISA Interchange sustain an inclusive environment, leaders
“Maybe it had something to do with
blog. The full text of her interview is at should start not with “what,” but with
the fact that I was a pretty poor student
https://blog.isa.org/. “why.” When a leader understands why
and I simply felt I had to show people I
ISA: Describe your career at Dow. an inclusive environment in the organiza-
was a real engineer—but that’s a dis-
RP: I started my career at Dow as a pro- tion is important, then the “what” will be
cussion for later. It comes down to the
cess control developer in our engineer- driven by the value that inclusivity brings.
basic fact that, throughout the United
ing services group, developing software When the leader understands the “why,”
States, every state’s Board of Engineers
solutions for various Dow businesses. I then the “what” can be measured and
legally requires those who practice en-
progressed from a developer to a process sustained. Eventually the “what” becomes
gineering to have a PE.”
control project lead and a Six Sigma Black the culture of the organization. Building a
Carlberg says the FE exam is actually
Belt. Dow provides a wide array of oppor- pipeline of diverse talent is critical for our
harder than the PE exam, because it is
tunities, and I served as a production en- future. I challenge ISA leaders to explore
so much broader. “It’s best to take it as
gineer in a manufacturing facility before the ways that you can use your influence
close to graduation as you can, with all
returning to a role as a process automation to bring the best STEM minds to your or-
that schooling still fresh in your mind,”
lead in one of Dow’s Technology Centers. ganization or to your committee. ■
he says. ■

Highlights & Updates | association news
Professional Development
ISA young professionals create ‘fireside chat’ video series
L
earning from the wisdom of those who have come before ship conference
is a long and useful tradition within associations and good planned for Puerto
advice for life. Add a little new technology, and the wisdom Rico, we are com-
can be shared farther and wider than before. mitted to accom-
Invoking the spirit of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt who plishing as much
conducted a series of evening radio addresses between 1933 as possible using
and 1944, ISA’s newly created Young Professionals (YP) com- virtual meetings,”
mittee has begun conducting “fireside chats” with former ISA said ISA president
presidents. Eric Cosman ear-
Radio was the new technology then, but today’s young pro- lier this year. “I
fessionals are asking their questions via the 2020 virtual meet- am particularly
ing platform of choice for everything from the Emmys to cam- pleased with the
paign conventions: Zoom. The format is socially distant, 20- to emergence of a formal Young Professionals group in our Society,
40-minute video interviews distributed via the Internet. Most of bringing a fresh perspective on how to create a valued experi-
these are prerecorded and will be shared over the next couple ence for those who are the future leaders in our profession.”
of months. The group will also be doing a couple live versions, A list of on-demand and upcoming fireside chats was being
where people sign up to watch at a scheduled time and can ask compiled at press time. Find out more about them and all the
their own questions. YP Committee initiatives and activities by visiting www.isa.org/
“Although we were forced to cancel our annual leader- membership/young-professionals. ■
ISA members elect 2021 officers
F
all is time for leadership changeover within the International
Society of Automation, so ISA members are welcoming a new
executive board for 2021. The executive board is the manag-
ing body of the Society and as such sets the strategic direction for
ISA, approves the annual budget, and acts on matters of policy to
advance Society objectives as specified by the bylaws.
The makeup of
the board includes
four Society of-
ficers: president,
president-elect sec-
retary, past presi-
dent, and treasurer.
For 2021, Eric Cos-
man becomes past
president, allowing Steve Mustard to take on the mantle of presi-
dent. Carlos Mandolesi joins the presidential chain as president-
elect secretary, and the fourth officer is treasurer Scott Reynolds.
The rest of the board is made up of six members with experi-
ence in geographic aspects of ISA, three members with leadership
experience in operational aspects of ISA, three members with lead-
ership experience in technical aspects of ISA, up to three at-large
members, an executive board parliamentarian, and ISA executive
director Mary Ramsey.
Look for more information about them and other executive board
members in the coming months. In the meantime find out more about
society governance groups at https://www.isa.org/governance. ■

2021 ISA Virtual Conferences

Tentative schedule
I
SA virtual conferences are a safe, convenient alternative to in- ISA Digital Transformation in Deepwater Automation
person conferences, providing attendees with insight into key Conference
operational and business topics through online sessions, pan- 19 August 2021
els with live Q&A, virtual exhibits, and networking opportunities. An abundance of recoverable reserves offshore has presented its
own challenges to the upstream oil and gas industry. The new
ISA Data Analytics Conference watch word is “efficiency,” as operators focus less on discovery
22 February 2021 and more on efficient, uninterrupted production. ISA looks at
This all-new conference will use case studies from early adopters applications of technology that accelerate the facilities design,
to identify real-world applications that help asset owners shift certification, and startup processes, while improving safety and
their focus to building and implementing more robust analytics efficiency. Operators will discuss applications of enabling tech-
models, rather than cleaning up and formatting data. The con- nology that have made deep water projects financially viable.
ference will address these emerging issues from both the data
capture and data analytics perspective. ISA Energy & Water Automation Conference
23 September 2021
ISA Analysis Division Conference This industry event will highlight infrastructure supporting power
22 April 2021 generation and municipal water and wastewater systems, which
This industry event is recognized as the outstanding forum for are at the heart of “smart city” initiatives, as well as critical
discussions of new and innovative analytical techniques, develop- industrial water process applications, processes, and concerns.
ments, and applications for process and laboratory applications.
ISA Process Industry Conference
ISA Cybersecurity Standards Implementation 18 November 2021
Conference This event offers comprehensive technical content from experts
20 May 2021 in the energy processing and process manufacturing industries
Join ISA, the developer of consensus-based industrial cybersecu- covering critical areas including: process instrumentation/con-
rity standards (ISA/IEC 62443), for a rapid fire, elevated confer- trol, cybersecurity and safety systems, open architecture and in-
ence event, focusing on expert discussions surrounding aware- frastructure, and operational excellence in light of our change to
ness and solutions for organizational threats/vulnerabilities with “new normal” operations.
the implementation of a standards-based cybersecurity program.
See the full calendar of ISA virtual conferences, webinars and other
ISA IIoT & Smart Manufacturing Conference events at https://isaautomation.isa.org/virtual-events-program. ■
24 June 2021
This technology-focused event will encompass topics regarding
advances in connectivity, automation, and security within the
operational context of hybrid manufacturing applications across
multiple vertical industries.

Certification Review | association news
ISA Certified Automation Professional (CAP) program

Certified Automation Professionals (CAPs) are responsible for the direction, design, and deployment of systems and equipment
for manufacturing and control systems.
CAP question
The greatest probability of error being introduced into the “open-loop” method of tuning comes from determining the:
A. process time constant

B. reaction equilibrium
C. actual dead time
D. system gain
CAP answer
The answer is C, actual dead time. In open-loop methods of tuning, like Ziegler-Nichols, the dead time derived from the open-loop
response is a part of the calculation of all of the tuning parameters for P-only, PI, and PID (proportional, integral, derivative) controllers.
Often, the dead time is small (flow and pressure loops), and defining the quantity of the dead time from response curves can be tricky.
Depending on how the tangent to the response curve is drawn, a very small dead time may be off by a factor of two or more, leading
to an inaccurate calculation of the tuning parameters. Because the dead time is in the denominator of the equation for the proportional
gain, the difference between 0.1 and 0.2 minutes can be insignificant on the response plot but would yield gains that differ by a factor
of two.
Because the values of the process time constant and system gain are usually quite significant, those quantities can be determined
with open-loop methods fairly accurately.
Reference: Sands, Nicholas P. & Verhappen, Ian, A Guide to the Automation Body of Knowledge, Third Edition, ISA Press, 2019.
ISA Certified Control Systems Technician (CCST) program

Certified Control System Technicians (CCSTs) calibrate, document, troubleshoot, and repair/replace instrumentation for systems that
measure and control level, temperature, pressure, flow, and other process variables.
CCST question
Approximately what is the pressure, in psig, on the bottom of a 10-ft, flat bottom, open tank filled to 100 percent of capacity with a
fluid that has a specific gravity of 1.1?
A. 2.50
B. 4.76
C. 9.50
D. 25.4
CCST answer
The correct answer is B, 4.76 psig. A column of water exerts a pressure on the bottom of the tank according to the formula below.
The level at 100 percent will be 10 feet.
Therefore,
PSI = [height in feet × SG] / 2.31 feet/psi
= [10 feet x 1.1] / 2.31
= 4.76 psi
Reference: Goettsche, L. D. (Editor), Maintenance of Instruments and Systems, Second Edition, ISA, 2005.

ad index
InTech advertisers are pleased to provide Advertiser Page # Advertiser Page #

additional information about their products
Assured Automation................................75 ISA Global Cybersecurity Alliance.....Cover 3
and services. To obtain further information, www.assuredautomation.com www.isa.org/isagca
please contact the advertiser using the con-
Endress + Hauser..................................5, 11 ISA Members and Admin.........................37
tact information contained in their ads or www.us.endress.com www.isa.org/membership
the web address shown here.
FDT ..............................................................3 ISA Pubs ....................................................63
Advertiser Page # www.fdtgroup.org www.isa.org/standards-and-publications/
isa-publications
ARC Advisory Group ................................78 Inductive Automation...........Bellyband, 67
www.arcweb.com www.inductiveautomation.com MAVERICK...........................................22, 23
www.mavtechglobal.com
Automation Direct ......................1, Cover 2 ISA .............................................................35
www.automationdirect.com www.isa.org Moore Industries..................................6, 39
www.miinet.com
Opto22 .............................................Cover 4
www.opto22.com
ProComSol, Ltd.........................................71
www.procomsol.com
Tadiran ........................................................9
www.tadiranbat.com
Seifert .......................................................55
www.seifertsystems.com/us
Automation Innovators Showcase

CODESYS...................................................57
Endress + Hauser......................................58
FDT Group.................................................59
Harting Technology Group ......................60
Honeywell ................................................61
Moore Industries......................................62
Contact InTech today:

Richard T. Simpson
Advertising Sales Representative
Advertising, Classifieds Section
Phone: +1 919-414-7395
Email: [email protected]
Chris Nelson
Advertising Sales Representative
Phone: +1 612-508-8593
Chris Hayworth
Advertising Materials Coordinator
Phone: +1 919-990-9435
View the InTech media planner at
https://tinyurl.com/ISA-InTechMediaKit
Reprints
Foster Reprints will work with you to cre-
ate a customized reprint package, including
hard copy reprints, eprints, and mobile-
friendly products.
Contact Jill Kaletha at 219-878-6068 or
[email protected].

classifieds
datafile
Maintenance Management
Datafiles list useful literature on products and services that are available Software/ CMMS
from manufacturers in the instrumentation and process-control industry.
To receive free copies of this literature, please contact each manufacturer FastMaint CMMS
Your FAST TRACK to maintenance management™
via their provided contact information. For Utilities, Manufacturing Plants,
Industrial & Commercial Facilities
USB HART MODEM
Fast to setup. Easy to use. From US$ 995
The HM-USB-ISO USB HART modem Download 30-Day Trial/ Web Demo
meets industry standards for USB and www.smglobal.com (919) 647-9440
HART connectivity. The small size,
SMGlobal Inc, 5448 Apex Peakway #308
light weight, and durability of the
HM-USB-ISO make it ideal for portable
Apex, NC 27502 USA
use. Operating power is derived from Plus Maintenance Books,
the USB connection. An easily installed Tips & Training
Virtual Serial Port driver allows use in any Windows-based application.
It is the lowest cost USB Modem certified by the FieldComm Group to
meet the HART communication specifications.
ProComSol, Ltd, Process Communications Solutions
Tel. 216.221.1550; Fax 216.221.1554
[email protected]; www.procomsol.com
Toll Free 877.221.1551
Sample of Jobs Available

at Jobs.isa.org System Integration, Executive Search, and More
Promote your services to 43,000+ ISA members. InTech Classified ads are
See more at Jobs.isa.org, where you can search for available
a simple and cost-effective way to reach active and interested automation
jobs or advertise positions available within your company. ISA
professionals. Contact: Richard Simpson, +1 919-414-7395, rsimpson@
Members post resumes at no charge.
automation.com
Engineer consultant
Alliant Group: This consultant, based in Houston, will be a lead for
project teams. He or she will build service-oriented relationships with STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP
clients, travel to client sites to identify and assess qualified activities MANAGEMENT AND CIRCULATION
and emerging technical advancements in the company’s field, and (Required by 39 U.S.C. 3685)
substantiate and present findings to company executives. The posi- Title of Publication: InTech Publication Number: 0192-303X
tion requires a four-year degree, excellent verbal and written com- Filing Date: 9/30/20 Frequency: Bimonthly
munication skills, strong analytical, research, and organizational Number of Issues Published Annually: 6
skills, and a high sense of urgency and ability to meet deadlines. A Annual Subscription Price: 8.65% of dues
Professional Engineering license is a plus . . . see more at Jobs.isa.org. Mailing Address and Business Headquarters:
ISA, 67 Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Mechanical integrity engineer
Publishing: Rick Zabel Editor: Renee Bassett
Amphenol: Based in Nashua, N.H., this position is part of the
mechanical integrity and reliability team. The engineer will lead in Average # of copies Actual # of copies of
the qualification of new optical transceivers and components and each issue during single issues published
be responsible for understanding the FIT rate and MTBF analysis of preceding 12 months nearest to filing date
products. Qualifications for the position include an MS or PhD in Total number of copies: 31,331 34,233
materials, optics, or mechanical engineering; a strong background Net press run
in optoelectronics and optical material properties; significant experi-
Total paid or requested circulation 28,716 31,332
ence with reliability calculations, and ability to work in a team envi-
ronment . . . see more at Jobs.isa.org. Free distribution by mail 907 956
Free distribution outside mail 289 349
Process sustaining engineer
Dexcom: The senior engineer in Mesa, Ariz., will use sound and prov- Total free distribution 1,197 1,305
en engineering principles to assist in designing and developing pro- Total distribution 29,913 32,637
cesses and requirements. The projects and activities will focus on the
company’s sensor technology. The engineer will lead efforts to prove Copies not distributed 843 1,096
out manufacturing and automation processes to achieve the design Returns from news agents None None
requirements specified by R&D. Required qualifications include the
Total 30,756 33,733
ability to deal with ambiguity and a willingness to try new/challeng-
ing things, a proven ability to work hands on in a fast-paced environ- Percent paid or requested 96% 96%
ment, proficiency in SolidWorks or equivalent CAD software, and circulation
excellent communication skills. Up to 25 percent travel is required I certify that these statements are correct and complete:
. . . see more at Jobs.isa.org. Rick Zabel, Publishing Manager

the final say | Views from Automation Leaders and
ISA at 75 years: Valuing control and automation

professional development
By Bill Lydon
I
SA is celebrating its 75th anniversary. It is a time Morley, father of the PLC. It was at the 2007 ISA
to reflect on the past and look forward to the Expo in Houston, Texas, on the topic “Do Standards
future. ISA has been an influential organization Kill Innovation?” Morley provoked productive dis-
throughout my career—as it has for many other cussion at a time when vendors were greatly resist-
members of the organization. ing multivendor interoperable open standards. A
Can ISA help you be more effective in the auto- counterpoint to the resistance was the question,
mation field? My opinion, based on experience, is what industry has ever embraced open systems,
a resounding yes! only to later change its mind, turn around, aban-
This is how ISA had an impact on my career. I don the pursuit, and revert to former proprietary
was first introduced to ISA as a young engineer at ways? As usual, Morley was ahead of the curve,
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Johnson Controls in the 1970s by a vice president and open systems are becoming a reality 13 years
Bill Lydon (blydon@
who was an active member of the organization. later. These kinds of forward-thinking forums are a
isa.org) is an InTech
The first formal contact, on his recommendation, hallmark of ISA, adding value to the industry.
contributing editor with
was attending an ISA three-day short course fund- Less obvious are all the discussions, debates,
more than 25 years of
ed by my company on the application of micro- insights, and ideas that come from ISA members
industry experience. He
processors for control, which was a leading-edge interacting in many ways to advance the industry
regularly provides news
topic at the time. at events, forums, and in continuing communica-
reports, observations,
The information and knowledge I learned was tions. This is the hallmark of a strong organization
and insights here and
valuable for my career and the company, leading made up of engaged, passionate people dedicated
on Automation.com.
to my selection as part of a five person “skunk to the profession.
works team” for two years. The team designed In the world of Industry 4.0 and digitalization,
and spawned a new automation architecture ISA standards are standing the test of time. ISA-
and microprocessor-based control and automa- 95 and ISA-88 are being used and referenced
tion solutions. Later this led to becoming product throughout the world, for example. ISA members
manager for the company’s computer and micro- identified cybersecurity as an issue incredibly early,
processor-based automation system products. before it became a hot topic in recent years, and
Subsequently, as cofounder and president of a formed the ISA99 committee, which since 2002
software company in the industry, I stayed involved developed ANSI/ISA-62443.
in ISA presenting at the conferences, as a session Automation professionals are major contributors
reviewer, and in other activities. to a manufacturing and process company’s com-
I have many long-term friendships with automa- petitiveness and are vital for success. Automation
tion professionals from around the world who I met improves productivity, quality, the environment, and
when attending and participating in local chapter profits. Automation’s positive effect on the environ-
events and the annual international ISA expos. ment may not seem obvious, but properly done,
Learning, sharing information, and gaining knowl- automation lowers energy requirements, optimizes
edge and know-how from others was extremely raw material utilization, and lowers emissions.
valuable. The relationships with fellow automation The ISA ecosystem of automation profession-
professionals are a priceless source of learning, as als is a culture that helps members increase their
are opportunities to cooperatively and creatively knowledge, grow in their careers, and drive posi-
tive industry change. Whether you are a young
person just entering the workforce, new to the
As usual, Morley was ahead of the curve, and open industry, or an experienced veteran, ISA can help
systems are becoming a reality 13 years later. you navigate industrial automation challenges and
new technology. ISA is the only organization dedi-
cated to automation professionals.
solve problems and develop new solutions. If your career is in automation, it is well worth
One of the most memorable roundtable sessions investing your time and contributing knowledge
I participated in that illustrates ISA leading-edge and know-how by participating in ISA. You will
thinkers was moderated by the legendary Dick gain far more than you invest. n

GLOBAL
CYBERSECURITY
ALLIANCE
THE TIME IS NOW
Industrial Cybersecurity
is a Global Imperative
It’s time to join forces. We are stronger together.
The ISA Global Cybersecurity Alliance is an open, collaborative body.
We welcome members of all kinds:
• end-user companies • services providers
• asset owners • system integrators
• automation and control systems • industry organizations
vendors • government agencies
• cybersecurity technology vendors • insurance companies
• IT infrastructure vendors • other stakeholders
Founding Members:
TM
STAY PRODUCTIVE, STAY SECURE

Built For The Plant Floor
Build Mobile-Responsive HTML5 Applications
That Run Natively on Any Screen
Built For Everyone
Unlimited Licensing Model
Add unlimited clients, screens, tags,
connections & devices.
Cross-Platform Compatibility
Ignition works with any major operating
system, even iOS and Android.
Instant Installs and Updates

Try Ignition 8.1 For Free Today at
Install on a server in just 3 minutes, push
www.inductiveautomation.com
updates to clients everywhere, instantly.

Revista Intech 75 - IsA

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Revista Intech 75 - IsA

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Revista Intech 75 - IsA

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

September/October 2020

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF AUTOMATION

Unlike other suppliers, at AutomationDirect we

Order Today, Ships Fast!

High-speed Pulse Width

Order Today, Ships Fast!

24 ISA members remember

Leaders share activites and accomplishments from

INFLUENTIAL ISA STANDARDS

Volunteers share the history and evolution of some of

Top tech: 75 years

Technology has leapt forward since ISA’s founding in

SPECIAL ADVERTISING SECTION

2 INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 WWW.ISA.ORG ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION

Ensure compliance and increase process uptime with

Do you want to learn more?

Now Get Moore Industries

Moore Industries’ family of rugged and reliable

Add a layer of protection to keep your facility

To learn more about the SPA2IS and Moore

looking forward while CONTRIBUTING EDITOR

ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION WWW.ISA.ORG INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 7

The importance of working in the “now”

8 INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 WWW.ISA.ORG ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION

Remote wireless devices connected to the

Our batteries offer a winning combination:

Technology, innovation, and future of our profession

10 INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 WWW.ISA.ORG ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION

Customers around the world trust us when it comes to

People for Process Automation

Do you want to learn more?

Federico Faggin, microprocessor innovator

12 INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 WWW.ISA.ORG ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION

Albert F. Sperry, ISA founder and first

ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION WWW.ISA.ORG INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 13

14 INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 WWW.ISA.ORG ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION

Dennis Morin, founder of Wonderware

ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION WWW.ISA.ORG INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 15

Ed Hurd, helped birth commercial DCS

ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION WWW.ISA.ORG INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 17

ISA-95 enterprise-control system integration ative ways. Video game industry

Charlie Cutler, redefined APC

18 INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 WWW.ISA.ORG ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION

OPC UA large libraries of open source frameworks, and software modules

Vint Cerf, father of the Internet

ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION WWW.ISA.ORG INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 19

Industry 4.0 initiatives The digital twin

20 INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 WWW.ISA.ORG ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION

such as historians, condition-based maintenance, predictive The develop-

ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION WWW.ISA.ORG INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 21

ISA members remember

1945 1947 1948 1954 1955 1956

24 INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 WWW.ISA.ORG ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION

—Renee Bassett, Chief Editor, InTech

Accomplishments and plans for professional success

1966 1967 1969 1970 1971 1974

ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION WWW.ISA.ORG INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 25

1974 1976 1977 1978 1978 1980

26 INTECH SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2020 WWW.ISA.ORG ISA 75TH ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL EDITION

1982 1983 1986 1987 1992 1993