Activity

Activity Data Type
Number of beatings from Wife Discrete

Results of rolling a dice Discrete
Weight of a person Continuous
Weight of Gold Continuous
Distance between two places Continuous
Length of a leaf Continuous
Dog's weight Continuous
Blue Color Discrete
Number of kids Discrete
Number of tickets in Indian railways Continuous
Number of times married Discrete
Gender (Male or Female) Continuous
Q1) Identify the Data type for the Following:
Q2) Identify the Data types, which were among the following
Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio.
Data Data Type
Gender Nominal
High School Class Ranking Ordinal
Celsius Temperature Ratio
Weight Ratio
Hair Color Ordinal
Socioeconomic Status Ordinal
Fahrenheit Temperature Ratio
Height Ratio
Type of living accommodation Ordinal
Level of Agreement Interval
IQ(Intelligence Scale) Interval
Sales Figures Interval
Blood Group Ordinal
Time Of Day Interval
Time on a Clock with Hands Interval
Number of Children Ratio
Religious Preference Ordinal
Barometer Pressure Ratio
SAT Scores Interval
Years of Education Ratio
Q3) Three Coins are tossed, find the probability that two heads and one tail are
obtained?
 Answer - 0.375
Q4) Two Dice are rolled, find the probability that sum is
a) Equal to 1
b) Less than or equal to 4
c) Sum is divisible by 2 and 3
 Answer(a) - 0
 Answer(b) – 0.16
 Answer(c) – 0.666
Q5) A bag contains 2 red, 3 green and 2 blue balls. Two balls are drawn at
random. What is the probability that none of the balls drawn is blue?
 Answer – 0.476
Q6) Calculate the Expected number of candies for a randomly selected child
Below are the probabilities of count of candies for children (ignoring the nature of
the child-Generalized view)
CHILD Candies count Probability
A 1 0.015
B 4 0.20
C 3 0.65
D 5 0.005
E 6 0.01
F 2 0.120
Child A – probability of having 1 candy = 0.015.
Child B – probability of having 4 candies = 0.20
 Answer – 3.09
 Expected number of candies for a randomly selected child
= 1 * 0.015 + 4*0.20 + 3 *0.65 + 5*0.005 + 6 *0.01 + 2 * 0.12
= 0.015 + 0.8 + 1.95 + 0.025 + 0.06 + 0.24
= 3.090
Q7) Calculate Mean, Median, Mode, Variance, Standard Deviation, Range &
comment about the values / draw inferences, for the given dataset
- For Points,Score,Weigh>
Find Mean, Median, Mode, Variance, Standard Deviation, and Range
and also Comment about the values/ Draw some inferences.
Use Q7.csv file
Answer- Solve in python file
Q8) Calculate Expected Value for the problem below

a) The weights (X) of patients at a clinic (in pounds), are
108, 110, 123, 134, 135, 145, 167, 187, 199
Assume one of the patients is chosen at random. What is the Expected
Value of the Weight of that patient?
 Answer - Expected Value = ∑ (probability * Value)

∑ P(x).E(x)
there are 9 patients
Probability of selecting each patient = 1/9
Ex 108, 110, 123, 134, 135, 145, 167, 187, 199
P(x) 1/9 1/9 1/9 1/9 1/9 1/9 1/9 1/9 1/9
Expected Value = (1/9) (108) + (1/9)110 + (1/9)123 + (1/9)134 +
(1/9)135 + (1/9)145 + (1/9(167) + (1/9)187 + (1/9)199
= (1/9) (108 + 110 + 123 + 134 + 135 + 145 + 167 + 187 + 199)
= (1/9) (1308)
= 145.33
Expected Value of the Weight of that patient = 145.33
Q9) Calculate Skewness, Kurtosis & draw inferences on the following data
Cars speed and distance
Use Q9_a.csv
SP and Weight(WT)
Use Q9_b.csv
Q10) Draw inferences about the following boxplot & histogram

$
Answer: Above figure shows graph of Histogram where chikenweights$weight

weight is on X-axis and the frequency is on Y-axis.
As we can see 200 chikens weight is lying under the bin from the interval
of 50-100 that is most chikens weight in bin 50-100.
We also can observe that as the weight of the chiken is increasing the
number of chikens are decreasing.
As most of the data is started interval from 0-250 there will be mean
present in between 50-100 as peakdness is there.
Q11) Suppose we want to estimate the average weight of an adult male in
Mexico. We draw a random sample of 2,000 men from a population of
3,000,000 men and weigh them. We find that the average person in our
sample weighs 200 pounds, and the standard deviation of the sample is 30
pounds. Calculate 94%,98%,96% confidence interval?
1.- CI = 94% (μ₀ - 1, 04 < x < μ₀ +1, 04)

2.- CI = 98 % (μ₀ - 2,05 < x < μ₀ + 2,05)
3.- CI = 96 % (μ₀ - 1,75< x < μ₀ + 1,75)
Sample size n = 3000000
Sample mean x = 200
Standard deviation s = 30
From z-table values of z(c):
CI 94 % Confidential level α = 6 % α = 0,06 z(c) = 1,55
MOE = z(c) * σ/√n
1.-MOE = 1,55* 30 / √2000 MOE = 1,04
2.-MOE = 2,05*30/√2000 MOE = 1,38
3.-MOE = 1,75*30/√2000 MOE = 1,17
Then CI
1. CI = 94 % (μ₀ - MOE < x < μ₀ - MOE)
CI = (μ₀ - 1,04 < x < μ₀ +1,04)
2 CI = 98 %
CI = (μ₀ - 2,05 < x < μ₀ + 2,05)
3 CI = 96 %
CI = (μ₀ - 1,75 < x < μ₀ + 1,75)
Q12) Below are the scores obtained by a student in tests
34,36,36,38,38,39,39,40,40,41,41,41,41,42,42,45,49,56
1) Find mean, median, variance, standard deviation.
2) What can we say about the student marks?
Answer- (1)
Mean - 41
Median – 40.5
Variance – 25.52
Standard Deviation – 0.05
(2)
Q13) What is the nature of skewness when mean, median of data are equal?
Answer – When the mean and median of data are equal then there is no
skewness means zero skewness.
Q14) What is the nature of skewness when mean > median ?
Answer – When the mean is greater than the median then the nature of skewness
is positively skewed.
Q15) What is the nature of skewness when median > mean?
Answer - When the mean is less than the median then the nature of skewness is
negatively skewed.
Q16) What does positive kurtosis value indicates for a data ?
Answer - Positive values of kurtosis indicate that a distribution is peaked and
possess thick tails.
Q17) What does negative kurtosis value indicates for a data?
Answer - Negative values of kurtosis indicate that a distribution is flat and has thin
tails.
Q18) Answer the below questions using the below boxplot visualization.
What can we say about the distribution of the data?

Anwer – In above boxplot median is 15
Q1=10, Q2=18
Min=1, Max=19
IQR=8
What is nature of skewness of the data?
Answer – Above boxplot has negative skewness.
What will be the IQR of the data (approximately)?

Answer - IQR is8 or more than that approximately.
Q19) Comment on the below Boxplot visualizations?
Draw an Inference from the distribution of data for Boxplot 1 with respect
Boxplot 2.
Answer – Both median lines lie within the overlap between two boxes. Short
boxes mean their data points consistently over around the center values. Taller
boxes simply more variable data and both the boxes are without outliers.
Q 20) Calculate probability from the given dataset for the below cases
Data _set: Cars.csv

Calculate the probability of MPG of Cars for the below cases.
MPG <- Cars$MPG
a. P(MPG>38)
Answer- Probability of (MPG>38) = 0.4074074074074074
b. P(MPG<40)
Answer- Probability of (MPG<40) = 0.7530864197530864
c. P (20<MPG<50)
Answer- Probability of (20<MPG>50) = 0.8518518518518519
Q 21) Check whether the data follows normal distribution
a) Check whether the MPG of Cars follows Normal Distribution
Dataset: Cars.csv
Answer – By ploting histogram for MPG it is clearly seen then this data does
not follows Normal distribution.
##thumb rule whether CLT will be applied
##central limit theorem (fairly large sample size)=n=>10*(skewness)^^2
## Internal estimate = points estimate +- margin of error x=sigma/root n
## from scipy import stats
stats.norm.ppf()
b) Check Whether the Adipose Tissue (AT) and Waist Circumference(Waist)
from wc-at data set follows Normal Distribution
Dataset: wc-at.csv
Answer – By pointing histogram for Adipose Tissue (AT) and waist it is
clearly seen then this data does not follows normal distribution.
Q 22) Calculate the Z scores of 90% confidence interval,94% confidence

interval, 60% confidence interval
Answer - The Z scores of 90% confidence interval = 1.645

The Z scores of 94% confidence interval = 1.8807
The Z scores of 60% confidence interval = 0.85
Q 23) Calculate the t scores of 95% confidence interval, 96% confidence

interval, 99% confidence interval for sample size of 25
Answer - The T scores of 95% confidence interval = 2.064
The T scores of 96% confidence interval = 2.085
The T scores of 99% confidence interval = 2.797
Q 24) A Government company claims that an average light bulb lasts 270
days. A researcher randomly selects 18 bulbs for testing. The sampled bulbs
last an average of 260 days, with a standard deviation of 90 days. If the
CEO's claim were true, what is the probability that 18 randomly selected
bulbs would have an average life of no more than 260 days
Hint:
rcode  pt(tscore,df)
df  degrees of freedom
Answer – the probability that 18 randomly selected bulbs would have an

average life of no more than 260 days is 0.471

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Activity Data Type

Number of beatings from Wife Discrete

Q8) Calculate Expected Value for the problem below

 Answer - Expected Value = ∑ (probability * Value)

Q10) Draw inferences about the following boxplot & histogram

Answer: Above figure shows graph of Histogram where chikenweights$weight

1.- CI = 94% (μ₀ - 1, 04 < x < μ₀ +1, 04)

Q12) Below are the scores obtained by a student in tests

What can we say about the distribution of the data?

What will be the IQR of the data (approximately)?

Data _set: Cars.csv

Q 22) Calculate the Z scores of 90% confidence interval,94% confidence

Answer - The Z scores of 90% confidence interval = 1.645

Q 23) Calculate the t scores of 95% confidence interval, 96% confidence

Answer – the probability that 18 randomly selected bulbs would have an

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