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    ABG Analysis - NCMB 312 Skills Laboratory

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    ANGELICA JOY GATDULA
    This document provides information on interpreting arterial blood gas (ABG) results, including: 1) ABG values are used to assess ventilation, acid-base balance, and oxygenation levels. 2) Different levels of compensation and oxygenation are defined based on the ABG values. 3) Respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis can be identified based on abnormal ABG values and their underlying causes outlined.

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    ABG Analysis - NCMB 312 Skills Laboratory

    Uploaded by

    ANGELICA JOY GATDULA
    66 views22 pages
    This document provides information on interpreting arterial blood gas (ABG) results, including: 1) ABG values are used to assess ventilation, acid-base balance, and oxygenation levels. 2) Different levels of compensation and oxygenation are defined based on the ABG values. 3) Respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis can be identified based on abnormal ABG values and their underlying causes outlined.

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    PPT - ABG Analysis - NCMB 312 Skills Laboratory

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    This document provides information on interpreting arterial blood gas (ABG) results, including: 1) ABG values are used to assess ventilation, acid-base balance, and oxygenation levels. 2) Different levels of compensation and oxygenation are defined based on the ABG values. 3) Respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis can be identified based on abnormal ABG values and their underlying causes outlined.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    66 views22 pages

    ABG Analysis - NCMB 312 Skills Laboratory

    Uploaded by

    ANGELICA JOY GATDULA
    This document provides information on interpreting arterial blood gas (ABG) results, including: 1) ABG values are used to assess ventilation, acid-base balance, and oxygenation levels. 2) Different levels of compensation and oxygenation are defined based on the ABG values. 3) Respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis can be identified based on abnormal ABG values and their underlying causes outlined.

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    To assess ventilation and acid-base balance

    Radial artery is the common site for


    withdrawal of blood specimen
    Avoid suctioning prior the procedure
    Use 10ml pre-heparenized syringe to draw
    blood specimen to prevent clotting of the
    specimen
    Place the specimen in a container with ice to
    prevent hemolysis. If hemolysis occurs,
    oxygen and carbon dioxide are released and
    cannot be measured accurately.
    Allen’s test to assess for adequacy of collateral
    circulation of the hand
    ABG ANALYSIS
    CO2 O2 HCO3 pH

    56 81 15 7.12

    28 90 32 7.76

    35 100 24 7.37

    45 95 18 7.28

    30 87 45 7.53
    LEVEL OF COMPENSATION

    PARTIALLY COMPENSATION
    – abnormal pH, pCO2, and HCO3

    UNCOMPENSATED
    – abnormal pH, abnormal pCO2 or HCO3

    FULLY COMPENSATED
    – normal pH, abnormal pCO2 or HCO3
    ABG ANALYSIS

    CO2 O2 HCO3 pH

    36 91 35 7.52

    58 80 22 7.26

    43 85 14 7.13

    39 95 23 7.38

    32 99 45 7.63
    LEVEL OF OXYGENATION

    MILD HYPOXEMIA – O2 = 60 – 79

    MODERATE HYPOXEMIA – O2 = 40 - 69

    SEVERE HYPOXEMIA – O2 = 20 – 39

    VERY SEVERE HYPOXEMIA – O2 = 0 - 19


    ABG ANALYSIS WITH LEVEL OF
    COMPENSATION AND OXYGENATION

    CO2 O2 HCO3 pH
    21 173 24 7.58

    35 68 12 7.23

    63 88 34 7.13

    57 195 29 7.35

    42 209 45 7.76
    RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS

    Increase CO2, Decrease Ph


    Carbonic acid excess Above 45, below 7.35
    Hypercapnia Hypoventilation
    CO2 Retained K excess
    COPD O2 therapy
    Overdose of narcotics and sedatives
    Depressed respiratory center
    RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS

    Decrease CO2, Increase Ph


    Carbonic acid deficit Below 35, above 7.45
    Hypocapnia Hyperventilation
    CO2 Eliminated K deficit
    Pneumonia Brown bag
    Aspirin poisoning Anxiety
    METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
    Decrease bicarbonate, Decrease Ph
    Bicarbonate deficit Below 22, below 7.35
    Diarrhea Loss of alkaline in GIT
    NPO K excess
    Kussmaul breathing Renal failure
    DM/Diabetic ketoacidosis
    Circulatory shock Celiac Disease
    Excessive infusion of chloride
    Anaerobic metabolism of glucose
    Sodium Bicarbonate
    METABOLIC ALKALOSIS
    Increase bicarbonate, Increase Ph
    Bicarbonate excess Above 26, above 7.45
    Vomiting Loss of acid in GIT
    Gastric lavage Intestinal fistula
    K deficit Cushing syndrome
    Depressed breathing Hyperaldosteronism
    Excessive adrenal corticoid hormone
    Increase secretion of HCO3 in kidneys (Diuretics)
    Excessive ingestion of baking soda

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