JEDDAH TOWER

GROUP 7
1829 ADITYA GOSAVI
1810 VARADRAJ BORDE
1817 VINAYAK CHIPLUNKAR
1824 PUSHPAK GAIKAR
1835 VAIBHAV KADAM
1860 LAVANYA SOPARKAR
1867 UDAY WANJARI
INTRODUCTION

KINGDOM TOWER IN SAUDI ARABIA WILL BE A TALL BUILDING TO GO

WHERE NO BUILDING HAS GONE BEFORE –BEYOND 1000 METERS

HEIGHT TO ARCHITECTURAL TOP- 1000M+

TOTAL AREA – 258000 SQM
STORIES – 167
BUILDING FOUNDATION – HOTEL/RESIDENTIAL/OFFICE
DESIGN ARCHIECT – ADRIAN SMITH +GORDAN GILL ARCHITECTURE
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER – THORTAN TOMASETTI
CONTRANTOR – SAUDI BINLADIN GROUP
CIVIL AND GEOTECHNICAL – LANGAN INTERNATIONALS
BUILDING SERVICES – ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM DESIGN
ACOUSTICS – ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM
FIRE AND SAFETY - RJA
FORM DEVELOPMENT
• THE TAPERED Y SHAPED FORM WAS CHOOSEN AS A
FURTHER STEP TO REACH GREATER HEIGHTS THE
CARVINGS APPLIED AT THE BALCONY AREAS
REMOVED THE GFA FROM TYPICAL FLOORS AND
PUSHED IT FURTHER UP
• THE Y SHAPED PLANNING AT THE BASE OF THE DESIGN
PROVIDED SEVERAL ADVANTAGES.A 120 DEGREE
SEPERATION BETWEEN THE WINGS ALLOWED THE
VIEW TO BE EXPANSIVE BUT NOT DIRECTLY ADJACENT
TO THE OTHER UNITS WHICH WOULD HAVE CREATED
PRIVACY ISSUES
• THE Y SHAPED PLAN WOULD ALSO PROVIDE A
HIGHER RATIO TO EXTERNAL WALL TO INTERNAL
SPACES WHICH WOULD MAXIMIZE THE RESIDENTIAL
UNIT VIEWS AND EXPOSURE TO LIGHT
• THE Y SHAPED ALSO ALLOWED THE SPREADING OF
THE BASE WITHOUT INCREASING THE LEASE SPAN
WHICH MEANS THE BUILDING CAN STILL MAINTAIN
THE 10:1 HEIGHT TO WIDTH RATIO WITHOUT HAVING
A LARGE AMMOUNT OF UNUSABLE DEEP INTERNAL
SPACE
• IF ONE CONSIDERS THE SHAPE SIMILAR TO A WIDE
FLANGE BEAM WITH THE MASS OF STRUCTURAL
MATERIALS AT THE END OF EACH WING WHERE IT IS
MOST OPTIMALLY PLACED CONNECTED BY SHERA
FORMING THE CORRIDOOR AND CORE OF THE
STRUCTURE
• THE Y SHAPE ALSO HELPS IN REDUCING THE WIND
INDUCED TORSION
• HAVING A THREE LEGGED PLAN RESULTS IN THE
ADDITION OF THREE STAIRCASE AT EACH END
BECAUSE THE STAIRCASE ARE MASE IN THICH SHEER
WALL IT PROVIDES EXTRA STBILITY AND ALSO HAS
MORE THEN ENOUGH FIRE SEPERATION
FOUNDATION CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
• The foundations for the tower are a raft supported
• THE STRUCTURE IS COMPRISED ENTIREL OF CAST IN PLACE REINFORCED CONCRETE WALL
on bored circular piles located approximately 2.5 COUPLING BEAMS AND REINFORCED FLAT PLATE CONCRETE FLOOR
meters below existing grade due to site • THE STRUCTURE CONTAITS NO WALLS ON THE EXTERIOR
modifications raising the base of the tower. • DUE TO THE CONTINUOUS UNINTERUPTED VERTICAL NATURE OF THE CORE HIGHLY EFFICIENT
• This modification minimizes the amount of JUMP FORM SYSTEM CAN BE UTILIZED
potential dewatering required on the site during • FORM WORK OF THE SLAB CAN ALSO BE REUSED BECAUSE OF THE HIGHLY REPETATIVE
construction of the lower levels. NATURE OF THE STRUCTURE
• THE FACES OF THE SHEAR WALL ARE ALL VERTICAL WITH THE EXCEPTION OF THE WALL O THE
END OF EACH WING WHICH TAPERS TO FOLLOW THE FORM OF THE STRUCTURE
• THIS CAN BE ACCOMPLISED BY A SIMPE SHIFT OF 200 TO 300 MM AT EVERY 4 METERS OF THE
VERTICAL LIFT
• BECAUSE THE END OF THE SHEAR WALL SLOPES THE END OF EACH WING CONSISTS OF A 3.5M
CANTILEVER
• ALL BUILDING ENVELOP NOTCHING CAN BE ACHIVED BY DROPPING OFF THE CANTILEVER SLAB
EDGE
• THE FOUNDATION OF THE RAFT ARE SUPPORTED ON THE BORED PILES LOCATED
APPROXIMATELY 2.5 M BELOW THE GRADE OF THE STRUCTURE DUE TO THE MODIFICATION
RAISING OF THE BASE OF THE TOWER
• THE MODIFICATION MINIMIZES THE AMOUNT OF POTENTIAL DEWATERING REQUIRED ON THE
SITE DURING THE CONSTRUCTION OF LOWER LEVEL
The sleek, streamlined form of the tower can be
interpreted as a reference to the folded fronds of a REPONSE TO WIND
growing young desert plant. The way the fronds sprout
upward from the ground as a single form, then start • EARLIER IT WAS DECIDED THAT THE TOWER WOULD ONLY BE A VERTICAL EXTRUDED HAD
separating from each other at the top, is an analogy of THAT APPROACH BEEN PURSUED WIND VORTICE WOULD HAVE BECOME ORGANISED ON THE
new growth fused with technology. As AS+GG partner SIDES OF THE TOWER AND AMPLIFIED THE EFFECTS INDUCING THE ACCLERATION OF LATERAL
Gordon Gill explains: “the tower evokes a bundle of MOVEMENTS ABOVE ADVISIBLE LEVEL
leaves shooting up from the ground – a burst of new life • TO AVOID THAT ONE VERY TYPICAL APPROACH IS TO REDUCE THE PLAN SIZE OF THE TOWER
that heralds more growth all around it. This symbolizes AS IT RISES IN HEIGHT
the tower as a catalyst for increased development
around it.”
ORIENTATION OF BUILDING PLANNING OF STAIRCASE
The tower orientation in plan was adjusted to point one • Stair location plays an important part in the overall efficiency and fluidity of
wing toward Mecca, while another points almost directly the plan potential. The architects wanted to make sure that a simple and
north, by which both the overall solar load was reduced continuous open plan could be preserved, to allowfor units to be located.
while simultaneously improving the views of the majority of • fluidly and efficiently, with minor interruptions. Stairs are thus located at
residential units As it turned out, that adjustment in every wing end, allowing for a very open plan. This move also allows for
orientation also helped mitigate the magnitude of
the major structural elements to wrap around the stairs, creating a series
pedestrian level winds in several of the more critical
locations, although it slightly increased the overall load of super-structural tubes .
due to design wind conditions • Wing ends are a very critical part of the plan and massing because they
contain a major structural and vertical circulation element. But they are
also needed to allow for an open corner view.For that reason, a minimumof
three meters of vision glass is allowed along
• the wing ends throughout the height of the tower.
• Entrances to units are allowed via typical penetrations through the
corridor wall.

External walls
The exterior wall or cladding represents a significant portion of the investment in a building of this type.
Vertical modules of 4m height and 1.5m wide are used.
Although the tower looks like a fully glazed building, the overall vision glass to spandrel area ratio is actually 50:50.
To maintain the glass from accumulation of dust, preventing and limiting the amount of exterior wall surfaces at a macro level and at a micro level by
limiting or even eliminating the use of projected elements off the glass surface.
he facade access system as tried and tested in Bhurj Khalifa completely washes the windows and cleans the exterior walls at least four times a year.
166k square meters of cladding are catered using this system
SKY TERRACE AT LEVEL 157 CANOPIES
• The client asked for the inclusion of a helipad to be mostly used by • Softer lines were sculpted and more detailed sun studies were developed to
the owner or visitors of the super-penthouse at level 157. address the required extent of the canopy elements to stop direct solar
• The original design placed it at this level, where it would be the radiation onto the lobbies’ clear glass cable walls.
platform from which to access or leave the Majelis (lounge) of
the penthouse via helicopter. • The final design shows three extended, softly curved canopies that coverthe
• However, further studies and consultation with experienced main lobbiesand extend horizontally to protect parking ramp entries .
helicopter pilots and the wind engineering consultants • Further development of the canopies’ cladding components was
suggested that the helipad location would make taking off or considered and added in the next phase of Kingdom Tower development
landing maneuvers extremelydangerous. to address harvesting of concentrated sun rays and their use in energy
• But by this point, the design for the helipad was integrated and
production.
accepted as part of the overall tower design.
• It was decided that the feature’s new use would be as a “sky
terrace” serving Level 157. It will be the highest terrace in the
world when completed at an elevation of 630 meter