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    Mul 2010

    Uploaded by

    Johanna H
    music apprecaitON

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Mul 2010

    Uploaded by

    Johanna H
    11 views2 pages
    music apprecaitON

    Original Title

    Mul2010

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    music apprecaitON

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    11 views2 pages

    Mul 2010

    Uploaded by

    Johanna H
    music apprecaitON

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
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    the middle ages-

    roughly 5th cent-15th cent


    476ce: fall of roman empire
    7th and 8th cent: german franks consolidating power
    8/9th cent- renewal of the arts
    10/11th- art of manuscript illustrations
    mid-12th -> early 15th cent- gothic style

    Origins of medieval music-


    distinciton between consonance and desonance

    music for the christian church:


    *roman catholic church
    -Liturgy- text and music used in worship

    Chant-
    plainsong, plainchant, chant: monophonic meoldy set to text in roman catholic
    liturgy
    -9th century: neumes(notes)

    Gregorian Chant-
    st gregory(590-604)
    -around 600 began setting standards for the liturgy and encouraged unifrm
    practices in singing chant.
    -church modes(scales that dont sound like scales)
    -unison(women and men dont sing together)
    -responsorial
    narrow range
    melisma- lots of notes on one syllable
    gradual- plainchant

    hildegard of bingen(1098-1179)-
    -founder of convent of a place thats now germnay
    -educated by benedictine nuns
    -devoted herself to writing poetry and music, composing nearly 80 chants
    -produced commentaries on natural history and medicine
    -interests- theology, poetry, natural sciences
    -wrote about issues of social justice and duty to preserve the natural world
    -had crazy ass dreams and turned into poetry

    Leonin and the rise of polyphony


    monophony- single meolodic line
    ployphony- many voices singing, competeing for attention
    -counterpoint(same melody at the same time, but different pitches)

    Origins of Polyphony-
    composers were anonymous

    -music changed from being a succession of single pitches into something vertical
    (first intstances were musical lines above bits of gregorian chant)

    -increased complexity
    -needed to regulate rhythyms
    -chord
    Organum
    -type of polyphony produced in Paris in the late 12th - early 13th cent
    -sorbonne university chartered
    -catherdral of notre dame built
    Leonin(1135-1201)
    -describe as the "best maker" of organum(one of the first ones)
    -likely a priest and poet as well as a composer
    -gathered compositions into Magnus Liber(Great book)
    works-
    -wrote for Proper chants(chants that change)
    -Leonin's "Viderunt Omnes"
    -new voice added above the chant
    -two types of polyphony
    -cadence
    -New style required new system of rhythym and notating them
    -two rhythmic layers

    musical instruments
    -plucked instruments- lutes, harps, early guitars, psalteries
    -bowed string instruments- fiddles(2-5strings), rebecs
    -wind instruments- soft flutes and pipe-like recorders, piercing double-reed
    instruments
    -other instruments- bagpipes, hurdy-gurdies(barrel organs), bells, cymbals,
    triangles,
    drums
    -organ

    secular medieval song


    -preformed at at courts
    -chivalry
    -courtly love
    -troubadours(poets that spoke modern french)
    -trouveres(poets that spoke modern italian/french)

    Machaut and the Rise of Secular Polyphony


    -Motet
    -Ars Nova(new art; music not just for church)
    -Secular Polyphony

    Guilluame den machuat(13000-1377)


    -court diplomat who served french amd bohemian kings
    -worked as cleric at catherdral of rheims
    -produced about 150 compositions
    -polyphonic setting of the ordinary of the mass
    -french secularn works
    -motets for three and four parts
    -chansons- love song, in one, two, or three parts
    -he wrote the first breakup song

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