Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 29 views

    Continuation Unit 1 Fundamentals of Mathematics

    Uploaded by

    Jenx Techz
    1) A quadratic equation is an equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c are real numbers and a ≠ 0. 2) The roots of a quadratic equation are the real numbers that make the equation equal to 0 when substituted in place of x. 3) There are three main methods to find the roots of a quadratic equation: factorization, completing the square, and the quadratic formula. The discriminant b2 - 4ac determines the nature of the roots.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Continuation Unit 1 Fundamentals of Mathematics

    Uploaded by

    Jenx Techz
    29 views10 pages
    1) A quadratic equation is an equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c are real numbers and a ≠ 0. 2) The roots of a quadratic equation are the real numbers that make the equation equal to 0 when substituted in place of x. 3) There are three main methods to find the roots of a quadratic equation: factorization, completing the square, and the quadratic formula. The discriminant b2 - 4ac determines the nature of the roots.

    Original Description:

    Maths quadratic equations

    Original Title

    quadratic eqn

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1) A quadratic equation is an equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c are real numbers and a ≠ 0. 2) The roots of a quadratic equation are the real numbers that make the equation equal to 0 when substituted in place of x. 3) There are three main methods to find the roots of a quadratic equation: factorization, completing the square, and the quadratic formula. The discriminant b2 - 4ac determines the nature of the roots.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    29 views10 pages

    Continuation Unit 1 Fundamentals of Mathematics

    Uploaded by

    Jenx Techz
    1) A quadratic equation is an equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, c are real numbers and a ≠ 0. 2) The roots of a quadratic equation are the real numbers that make the equation equal to 0 when substituted in place of x. 3) There are three main methods to find the roots of a quadratic equation: factorization, completing the square, and the quadratic formula. The discriminant b2 - 4ac determines the nature of the roots.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    Continuation

    UNIT 1
    Fundamentals of Mathematics
    Quadratic Equations
    An equation of the type 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 where a, b, c
    are real numbers and a≠0 is called Quadratic equation.

    Eg. 1. 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1 = 0 ; Here a=1, b=2, c=1


    2. 2𝑥 2 = 0 ; Here a=2, b=0, c=0
    3. 3𝑥 2 − 2 = 0 ; Here a=3, b=0, c=-2

    Roots of Quadratic Equations


    A real number α is called a root of the quadratic equation
    𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, a≠0 if α𝑥 2 + α𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0.
    We also say that x= α is a solution of the quadratic
    equation.
    Roots of a quadratic equation by Factorization
    Ex.1. Find the roots of quadratic equation 2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 3 = 0
    by factorization.
    Soln. 2𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 3 = 0 23= 6 = -2 -3
    2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 3 = 0 -2 + -3 = -5
    2𝑥 𝑥 − 1 − 3 𝑥 − 1 = 0
    2𝑥 − 3 𝑥 − 1 = 0
    2𝑥 − 3 = 0 or 𝑥 − 1 = 0
    2𝑥 = 3 𝑥=1
    3
    𝑥=
    2
    3
    Hence 1 and are roots of the given quadratic equation.
    2
    Ex.2. Find the roots of quadratic equation 6𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2 = 0
    by factorization.
    Soln. 6𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 2 = 0 6-2= -12 = 3 -4
    6𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 4𝑥 − 2 = 0 3 + -4 = -1
    3𝑥 2𝑥 + 1 − 2 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
    3𝑥 − 2 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
    3𝑥 − 2 = 0 or 2𝑥 + 1 = 0
    3𝑥 = 2 2𝑥 = −1
    2 −1
    𝑥= 𝑥=
    3 2
    2 −1
    Hence and are roots of the given quadratic equation.
    3 2
    Roots of a quadratic equation by Completing the square
    Ex.1. Find the roots of quadratic equation 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 5 = 0
    by the method of completing the square.
    Soln. 𝑥2 + 4𝑥 − 5 = 0
    1
    2
    𝑥 + 4𝑥 = 5 L.T.=( M.T)2
    2
    1
    𝑥2+4𝑥 + 4 = 5 + 4 =( 4)2
    2
    (𝑥 + 2)2 = 9 =4
    𝑥+2 = ± 9
    𝑥 + 2 = ±3
    𝑥 = 3 − 2 or 𝑥 = −3 − 2
    𝑥=1 or 𝑥 = −5
    Hence 1 and -5 are roots of the given quadratic equation.
    Ex.2.Find the roots of quadratic equation 5𝑥2 − 6𝑥 − 2 = 0
    by the method of completing the square.
    Soln. 5𝑥2 − 6𝑥 − 2 = 0
    6 2 1
    2
    𝑥 − 𝑥= L.T.=( M.T)2
    5 5 2
    6 9 2 9 1 6 2
    2
    𝑥 − 𝑥+ = + =(  )
    5 25 5 25 2 5
    3 19 9
    (𝑥 − )2 = =
    5 25 25
    3 19
    𝑥− =±
    5 25
    3 19
    𝑥− =±
    5 5
    19 3 − 19 3
    𝑥= + or 𝑥 = +
    5 5 5 5
    3+ 19 3− 19
    𝑥= or 𝑥 =
    5 5
    3+ 19 3− 19
    Hence and are roots of the given quadratic equation.
    5 5
    Roots of quadratic equation by Quadratic formula
    The roots of the equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, a≠0 are given
    −𝑏± 𝑏 2 −4𝑎𝑐
    by x = if 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 ≥ 0
    2𝑎
    This formula is known as Quadratic Formula.

    Ex.1. Solve the quadratic equation 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 4 = 0 by


    using quadratic formula.
    Soln. 2𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 4 = 0
    Here a=2, b=-3, c=-4
    −𝑏± 𝑏 2 −4𝑎𝑐
    By quadratic formula, x =
    2𝑎
    −(−3) ± (−3)2 −4(2)(−4)
    x=
    2(2)
    3± 9+32
    =
    4
    3 ± 41
    =
    4
    3 + 41 3 − 41
    x= or x=
    4 4
    3+ 41 3− 41
    Hence and are roots of the given quadratic
    4 4
    equation.
    Nature of Roots
    A quadratic equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, a≠0 has
    i. two distinct real roots if 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0
    ii. two equal real roots if 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0
    iii. no real roots if 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0

     𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 is called Discriminant of the quadratic


    equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0.
    Ex.2.Find the roots of quadratic equation 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 1 = 0
    by using quadratic formula.
    Soln. 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 1 = 0
    Here a=1, b=1, c=1
    −𝑏± 𝑏 2 −4𝑎𝑐
    By quadratic formula, x =
    2𝑎
    Now 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 1 − 4= -3 < 0
    Hence the given quadratic equation has no real roots.

    You might also like