Book 5, Lesson 1

1 Parts of body farTs ov badi sxeulis nawilebi

2 body badi / bodi sxeuli
3 trunk Tranq tani
4 limbs limz kidurebi
5 head hed Tavi
6 face feis saxe
7 hair heer Tma
8 eye (eyes) ai (ais) Tvali (Tvalebi)
9 eyebrow aibrau warbi
10 eyelash(es) aileS(is) wamwami
11 eyelid ailid Tvalis quTuTo
12 ear ier yuri
13 nose nous cxviri
14 mouth maus piri
15 lip lif tuCi
16 tongue Tang ena
17 tooth – teeth Tuus – Tiis kbili – kbilebi
18 neck neq kiseri
19 throat srouT yeli
20 Arm arm mklavi
21 shoulder Soulder mxari, mxar-beWi
22 elbow elbou idayvi
23 wrist risT maja
24 hand hend xeli
25 finger finger TiTi (xelze)
26 fingernail / nail fingerneil / neil frCxili
27 thumb sam cera TiTi
28 Leg leg fexi
29 knee nii muxli
30 ankle enql koWi
31 heel hiil qusli
32 toe Tou TiTi (fexze)
33 toenail Touneil frCxili
34 foot - feet fuT – fiT terfi – terfebi
35 Skin sqin kani
36 muscle masl kunTi
37 bone boun Zvali
38 Verbs v orbs zmnebi
39 point (to) foinT Tu Cveneba; miTiTeba
40 touch TaaC Sexeba; mikareba
41 move muuv moZraoba
42 hurt – hurt – hurt / (to) be sore h orT / bi so(r) tkena; tkivilis miyeneba
43 medicine / drugs medisin / dragz wamali
44 date deiT TariRi; paemani
45 order o(r)der Tanmimdevroba; brZaneba; SekveTa
46 left / right lefT / raiT marcxena / marjvena
47 What’s the matter with ... ? voTs ze meTer viz ra daemarTa..? ra Wirs...?
48 What’s wrong with ... ? voTs rong viz...? “__________" Tamar laSkova

Book 5, Lesson 2
1 Bathroom basruum saabazani oTaxi
2 sink sinq niJara (“rakovina”)
3 mirror miror sarke
Grammar rules Book 5
Lesson 1
1. Using “which” and “one”
gamoyeneba: “which” da “one”
Tqven SegiZliaT gamoiyenoT sityva “one” Tu ar gindaT, rom gameordes arsebiTi saxeli.
mxolobiTi ricxvi
mag: Which tie do you want? – I want the red tie.
Which one do you want? – I want the red one.

mravlobiTi ricxvi
mag: Which suits do you want? – I want the black and blue suits.
Which ones do you want? – I want the black and blue ones.

2. Using the connector “or”

gamoyeneba: kavSiris “Tu”
“or” gamoiyeneba maSin, roca gvinda gavakeToT arCevani or sagnis Soris.
mag: Do you like the red one or the blue one? – I like the blue one.
Do you like to play soccer or basketball? – I like to play soccer.

3. Ordinal numbers 1st – 100th

rigobiTi ricxvebi 1 – 100
1 – 20 21 – 29 30 - 100
1st - first * st
21 – twenty-first th
30 - thirtieth
2nd – second* 22nd - twenty-second 40th – fortieth*
3rd – third* 23rd - twenty-third 50th - fiftieth
4th - fourth 24th - twenty-fourth 60th - sixtieth
5th - fifth 25th - twenty-fifth 70th - seventieth
6th - sixth 26th - twenty-sixth 80th – eightieth*
7th - seventh 27th - twenty-seventh 90th - ninetieth*
8th - eighth * 28th - twenty-eighth 100th - one-hundredth
9th - ninth* 29th - twenty-ninth
10th - tenth
11th - eleventh
12th - twelfth *
13th - thirteenth
14th - fourteenth
15th - fifteenth
16th - sixteenth
17th - seventeenth
18th - eighteenth
19th - nineteenth
20th - twentieth *
1.

Lesson 2
 1. Using “there + be”
gamoyeneba: “there + be”
gamoiyeneT konstruqcia “there + be” Tu gindaT TqvaT, rom raime an vinme sadme imyofeba.
gamoiyeneneT “there is” Tu aris erT saganze saubari da “there are” Tu aris bevr saganze saubari.
axlandeli dro
mxolobiTi ricxvi MmravlobiTi ricxvi
mag: There is a book on the table. There are books on the table.
There is not a book on the table. There are not books on the table.
Is there a book on the table? – Yes, there is. Are there books on the table? – Yes, there are.
No, there isn’t. No, there aren’t.
What is there on the table? What are there on the table?

warsuli dro
mxolobiTi ricxvi mravlobiTi ricxvi

mag: There was a book on the table. There were books on

the table.
There was not a book on the table. There were not books on the table.
Was there a book on the table?- Yes, there was. Were there books on the table?- Yes, there were.
No, there wasn’t. N No, there weren’t.
What was there on the table? What were there on the table?

2. Using “some” and ”any”

gamoyeneba: “some” da “any”- ramodenime.
gamoiyeneT: some – TxrobiT winadadebebSi. ( + )
any – uaryofiT winadadebebSi. ( - )
some / any - kiTxviT winadadebebSi. ( ? )

mag: I have some towels. (+)

I don’t have any towels. (-)
Do you have some/any towels? (?)

3. Using a few, a lttle, a lot of, and lots of.

gamoyeneba: a few, a little, a lot of da lots of.
a few – cota, cotaodeni, gamoiyeneba Tvlad arsebiT saxelebTan mravlobiT ricxvSi.
mag: a few books
a few pilots
a few days
a little – cota, cotaodeni, gamoiyeneba uTvlad arsebiT saxelebTan.
mag: a little beef
a little bread
a little tea
a lot of/lots of – bevri, gamoiyeneba Tvlad da uTvlad arsebiT saxelebTan.
mag: a lot of oranges
a lot of children 2.
lots of work Tamar laSkova

Lesson 3
1. The Future Simple Tense
M momavali martivi dro
es dro gamoxatavs iseT moqmedebas, romelic moxdeba saerTod momavalSi. es dro SeiZleba gamo-
viyenoT Semdeg sityvebTan.
tomorrow – xval in two minutes – or wuTSi
the day after tomorrow – zeg in an hour – erT saaTSi
in the future – momavalSi in four days – oTx dReSi
next week – momaval kviras in a week – erT kviraSi
next month – momaval Tves in a month – erT TveSi
next year – momaval wels in a year – erT weliwadSi
Affirmative – TxrobiTi Negative- uaryofiTi Interrogative - kiTxviTi
I will work. I will not work. Will I work?
You will work. You will not work. Will you work?
She will work. She will not work. Will she work?
He will work. He will not work. Will he work?
It will work. It will not work. Will it work?

We will work. We will not work. Will we work?

You will work. You will not work. Will you work?
They will work. They will not work. Will they work?

Wh – questions: When will you go?

Short form: I will = I’ll
I will not = I won’t.
Asking yes/no questions: Will you go? – Yes, I will.
No, I won’t.

Lesson 4
1. Using articles - a/an and the.
artikli – a/an da the.
inglisur enaSi aris 2 artikli: a/an – ganusazRvreli artikli da the – gansazRvruli.
artikli dgas arsebiT saxelis an zedsarTavi+arsebiTi saxelis win. artikli ar iTargmneba.
“a / an” gamoiyeneba arsebiT saxelebTan, romelic aris pirvelad naxsenebi da CvenTvis ucnobia.
Tu arsebiTi saxeli iwyeba Tanxmovan asoze, maSin viyenebT “a”, da Tu arsebiTi saxeli iwyeba
xmovan asoze maSin viyenebT “an”. ganusazRvreli artikli ar gamoiyeneba mravlobiT ricxvSi.
a – ganusazRvreli artikli an – ganusazRvreli artikli
mag: a book an apple
a pen an orange
“the” gamoiyeneba arsebiT saxelebTan, romelic meordeba da CvenTvis nacnobia.
the – gansazRvruli artikli
mag: I have a book. The book is good

3.

2. Using many and much.

gamoyeneba: many da much – bevri.
many – gamoiyeneba Tvlad arsebiT saxelebTan. Many gamoiyeneba yvela tipis winadadebebSi:
TxrobiTi, uaryofiTi da kiTxviTi. arsebiTi saxeli yovelTvis aris mravlobiT ricxvSi (s).
many = a lot of / lots of – bevri
mag: many friends a lot of friends lots of friends
many books a lot of books lots of books

much – gamoiyeneba uTvlad arsebiT saxelebTan. Much ar gamoiyeneba TxrobiT winadadebebSi.

much = a lot of / lots of - bevri
mag: much coffee a lof of coffee lots of coffee
much water a lot of water lots of water

3. Using “how many” and “how much”

gamoyeneba: “how many” da “how much”
How many – ramdeni, gamoiyeneba Tvlad arsebiT saxelebTan mravlobiT ricxvSi (s).
mag: How many students are there in the classroom?
How many students were there in the classroom?
How many students do you have in the classroom?
How many students does she have in the classroom?
How many students did you have in the classroom?
How many students wiil you have in the classroom?
How much – ramdeni, gamoiyeneba uTvlad arsebiT saxelebTan (s gareSe).
mag: How much coffee is there?
How much coffee was there?
How much coffee are you drinking?
How much coffee do you drink?
How much coffee does he drink?
How much coffee did he drink?
How much coffee will you drink?

4. Using “have to” and “don’t have to”

gamoyeneba: “have to” da “don’t have to”
have to = must – unda
Present Tense – axlandeli dro
Affirmative – TxrobiTi Negative – uaryofiTi Interrogative - kiTxviTi
I have to go. I don’t have to go. Do I have to go?
You have to go. You don’t have to go. Do you have to go?
She has to go. She doesn’t have to go. Does she have to go?
He has to go. He doesn’t have to go. Does he have to go?
It has to go. It doesn’t have to go. Does it have to go?

We have to go. We don’t have to go. Do we have to go?

You have to go. You don’t have to go. Do you have to go?
They have to go. They don’t have to go. Do they have to go?
Tamar laSkova 4.

5. had to = must – undoda

Past Tense – warsuli dro
Affirmative – TxrobiTi Negative – uaryofiTi Interrogative - kiTxviTi
I had to go. I didn’t have to go. Did I have to go?
You had to go. You didn’t have to go. Did you have to go?
 She had to go. She didn’t have to go. Did she have to go?
He had to go. He didn’t have to go. Did he have to go?
It had to go. It didn’t have to go. Did he have to go?

We had to go. We didn’t have to go. Did we have to go?

You had to go. You didn’t have to go. Did you have to go?
They had to go. They didn’t have to go. Did they have to go?

Wh – questions: Where do you have to go?

Where does he have to go?
Where did you have to go?
Where will you have to go?

6. Future Tense – momavali dro

Affirmative – TxrobiTi Negative – uaryofiTi Interrogative - kiTxviTi
I will have to go. I will not have to go. Will I have to go?
You will have to go. You will not have to go. Will you have to go?
She will have to go. She will not have to go. Will she have to go?
He will have to go. He will not have to go. Will he have to go?
It will have to go. It will not have to go. Will it have to go?

We will have to go. We will not have to go. Will we have to go?
You will have to go. You will not have to go. Will you have to go?
They will have to go. They will not have to go. Will they have to go?

5.

Reading Book 5
Dialog: Doctor, I am sick. Lesson 1
Mark: What’s wrong, John? Are you sick?
John: I don’t know. My throat is sore.
Mark: Go to the doctor. He can give you some medicine.
John: Okay. Thanks, Mark.
At the dispensary.
Dr. Smith: Hi, John. What’s the matter?
John: Hi, Dr. Smith. My throat hurts.
Dr. Smith: Oh, I saw a lot of sore throat today. You are not the only one.
John: I know. My friend Tom has a sore throat. He hurt his arm, too.
Dr. Smith: Your throat is very red. You will need some medicine to help you.
John: How many days must I take the medicine?
Dr. Smith: Take it for two weeks and you will be well again.
John: Thanks a lot, Doctor.
Paragraph: Skin, muscles, and bones.
This paragraph is about our bodies. Skin, muscles, and bones make our bodies. On our bodies, we have skin.
Under the skin, we have muscles and bones. Our muscles help move our head, trunk, and limbs. Under the
muscles, we have bones. Bones and muscles are inside of our bodies.
Text: Twelve Sons.
Mr. O’Malley has twelve sons.
 His sister has daughters, but he has none.
His first son became a doctor.
The second became one, too.
The third son is a mechanic.
The fourth works at the zoo.
The fifth son works in a bank.
The sixth son joined the Marines.
The seventh son is a farmer.
He grows rice and beans.
The eighth son is in the Army.
The ninth son reports the news.
The tenth son works in a store
where they sell clothes and shoes.
The eleventh son is a pilot.
The twelfth son is a cook.
If you want to see an O’Malley,
all you have to do is look!
Paragraph: The Thomases are first!
Four men and one woman finished in first to fifth place in yesterday’s New York City Marathon. First was
Steve Thomas. He ran twenty-six miles in two hours, two minutes, and thirty seconds. Next was Steve’s
wife, Anne. She was second with a time of 2:05:34. Then came Hans Anderson. He was third at 2:10:01.
After Hans was Bill Thornton. Bill ran the race in 2:22:10. Matt Biggs was last. He finished the marathon
in 2:25:00.

1.
Lesson 2
Dialog: Where can I get a shampoo?
Jill: Hi Bill, where are you going?
Bill: Well, I need some things for my trip. Where can I buy shampoo?
Jill: You can get it at the drugstore. I’m going there now. Do you want to come?
Bill: Sure. Let’s go.
Jill: You need shampoo for your trip, right?
Bill: Yes. I also want some toothpaste, soap, a razor, and a toothbrush, too. What do you need?
Jill: I need things for my hair. I need a small mirror, a brush, and a small comb to put in my pocket.
Bill: Let’s look over there.
Jill: I got my things. Did you get the things you needed?
Bill: Yes, I got the shampoo, razor, toothbrush, toothpaste, and soap. Oh, I need some new towels for
my bathroom, too.
Jill: You need to go to the BX for towels.
Paragraph: Ordinal numbers.
Today is November twenty-third. It’s Marilyn’s nineteenth birthday. She is having a birthday party today.
Her friends Beth and Sue are coming to her party.
Beth had her eighteenth birthday last month. Her birthday was October thirties. Sue had her eighteenth
birthday in the summer. Sue’s birthday is July fourteenth.
Dialog: At the store.
Clerk: May I help you?
Jill: Do you have some large towels?
Clerk: No, I’m sorry. We don’t have any large ones.
Jill: Well, are there any small towels?
Clerk: Yes, we do have some small towels.
Jill: Okay. I’ll take five towels, please.
Dialog: At the drugstore.
Bill: Excuse me. I want to buy a few toothbrushes.
Clerk: We have lots of toothbrushes next to the toothpaste.
Bill: I don’t need any toothpaste, but is there any shampoo over there?
Clerk: We have a little shampoo next to the soap.
Bill: Good, I need a lot of soap, too. Thanks.
Clerk: Sure. You’re welcome.
Dialog: Conversation in a grocery store.
Jill: Hi, Ann. How are you?
Ann: Fine. I’m buying a few things to make a birthday cake for Evan.
Jill: When is his birthday?
Ann: On the fifteenth, next Monday.
Jill: Can I help you? Today, I only need some salt, pepper, and soup. Do you have sugar at home?
Ann: I have lots of sugar, but I don’t have any milk.
Jill: There is some milk over here. Do you need a little butter?
Ann: Yes, I need some butter. I need a few eggs, too. Are there eggs over there?
Jill: Yes, next to the butter.
Ann: Okay. I got the things for the cake. Let’s go. Oh, no! This egg is bad. I need to change it.
Jill: I’ll go with you. What things are in a cake?
Ann: Well, it’s a chocolate cake. It has chocolate, sugar, a little salt, butter, milk, eggs, and a few other things.
Jill: Good. Can I have some chocolate cake, too?
2.

Paragraph: In the morning.

Daniel got up late this morning. He needs to leave in ten minutes. He doesn’t have time to shower. Daniel must
wash at the sink. His face is dirty. First, he washes his face and hands with soap. Next, Daniel rinses his face and
hands with clean water. Then, he dries his face and hands with a towel. After that, he puts some toothpaste on
his toothbrush. Daniel brushes his teeth well. Every tooth must be clean. He combs his hair. He needs to get a
haircut at the barbershop. Now Daniel needs to get dressed and leave. He doesn’t want to be late to class.

Lesson 3
Paragraph: I’ll take a trip.
Diana is talking on the phone. She is talking with her sister Dana. They are twins. Diana lives in San Antonio
and Dana lives in Chicago. Dana’s son Ben will graduate from school next week. Dana wants her sister to come
to Ben’s graduation. Diana will make an airline reservation to Chicago. She wants to take a trip to see Dana and
Ben.
Dialog: Making reservations.
Diana is calling a travel agent.
Agent: Tip Top Travel Agency. This is Sharon. May I help you?
Diana: Yes, I want to fly to Chicago.
Agent: On which date?
Diana: The 11th , next Tuesday.
Agent: Do you need a one-way ticket or round-trip ticket?
Diana: A round-trip, please.
Agent: When do you want to return?
Diana: I want to come back on the 12th .
Agent: How many people?
Diana: Only one.
Agent: Texas Airlines flight 07 departs San Antonio at 8:30 a.m. and arrives at 11 a.m.
Diana: Fine. I want to return to San Antonio in the late afternoon.
Agent: TA flight 09 departs Chicago at 2:30 p.m. and arrives in San Antonio at 5:00 p.m.
Diana: That’s fine. How much is the ticket?
Agent: $140.
Diana: Okay. Please make a reservation for me.
Agent: What’s your name, please?
Diana: Diana Adams.

Paragraph: Getting ready to go on a trip.

On Tuesday, Diana picked up her airline ticket. There were a lot of customers at the travel agency. After that,
she went back home and packed her suitcases. She called a taxi and then took her suitcases outside. She locked
the door with her key and turned the doorknob to check it. The taxi picked her and stopped at the airport.

Paragraph: Airline flight.

It is 11 a.m. Dana and her son Ben are at the Chicago airport. They want to pick up Diana’s twin sister. There
are many people at the arrival and departure gates of the airport. Diana’s flight from San Antonio is arriving
in Chicago on time. Dana and Ben will meet Diana at the arrival gate. Then they’ll return home. Tonight, they’ll
eat together in a good restaurant in Chicago.

3.

Dialog: We need a dozen eggs. Lesson 4

Cindy is calling her husband at work.
Cindy: Mark, can you stop at a grocery store after work today?
Mark: Sure. What do I have to get?
Cindy: We need some milk and a dozen eggs.
Mark: How much milk do we need?
Cindy: A gallon.
Mark: Is that all we need? It,s not much. I’ll have time to buy many things.
Cindy: Well, we don’t have much toothpaste. Can you get a big tube of toothpaste and two bars of soap?
Oh, and, I have make a cake for Lynn’s birthday. I’ll need 12 ounces of chocolate.
Mark: Just a minute. I have to make a list.
Dialog; Lynn’s birthday.
The next day at the telephone ....
Ashley: What time is Lynn’s birthday party today?
Cindy: 6 p.m.
Ashley: Will many people come?
Cindy: Yes, but many people can’t be here before 6:30 p.m.
Ashley: They’ll be very hungry at that time!
Cindy: I won’t have many things for them to eat, only the birthday cake, the apple pie, and some vanilla ice
cream.
Ashley: Oh, I’ll bring lots of things to make sandwiches with – meat, cheese, and bread.
Cindy: Okay, thank you.
At 7:00, many people are eating.
Cindy: You were right, Ashley. They’re very hungry. There isn’t much food left. I see only the birthday cake.
Ashley: Is there much coffee left? I’ll make more coffee to drink with the cake.
Cindy: Yes, coffee will be good. It’s time for Lynn to cut her cake.
After the birthday party ...
Mark: Great party, Cindy! And good food. How much food did our friends eat?
Cindy: Thank you, Mark. They ate a lot. There isn’t much left, just a few slices of bread. How much coffee did
they drink, Mark?
Mark: They drank a lot, too. I had to make 24 cups!
Cindy: They won’t get to sleep early tonight!
The next day on the telephone ....
Cindy: Mark and I washed a lot of dishes last night.
Ashley: Really? How many dishes did you have to wash?
Cindy: I think we washed more than 30 glasses and plates, and lots of cups and bowls, too.
Ashley: And how many dishes did you break?
Cindy: Very funny.
Dialog: Let’s go to lunch.