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    Chapter No.3 Material Balance: 3.1 Fluidized Bed Reactor

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    sagar dasgupta
    The document provides a material balance for the production of acrylonitrile in a fluidized bed reactor. It details: 1) The input and output streams of materials in the reactor with propene, ammonia, air as inputs and acrylonitrile as the main product. 2) The material flows and compositions at various stages - quencher, absorber and HCN recovery unit. 3) Key specifications like 400 ton/day acrylonitrile production and feed ratios. 4) Material balances are provided to show total input equals total output at each stage of production.

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    Chapter No.3 Material Balance: 3.1 Fluidized Bed Reactor

    Uploaded by

    sagar dasgupta
    187 views14 pages
    The document provides a material balance for the production of acrylonitrile in a fluidized bed reactor. It details: 1) The input and output streams of materials in the reactor with propene, ammonia, air as inputs and acrylonitrile as the main product. 2) The material flows and compositions at various stages - quencher, absorber and HCN recovery unit. 3) Key specifications like 400 ton/day acrylonitrile production and feed ratios. 4) Material balances are provided to show total input equals total output at each stage of production.

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    3 Material Balance

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    The document provides a material balance for the production of acrylonitrile in a fluidized bed reactor. It details: 1) The input and output streams of materials in the reactor with propene, ammonia, air as inputs and acrylonitrile as the main product. 2) The material flows and compositions at various stages - quencher, absorber and HCN recovery unit. 3) Key specifications like 400 ton/day acrylonitrile production and feed ratios. 4) Material balances are provided to show total input equals total output at each stage of production.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    187 views14 pages

    Chapter No.3 Material Balance: 3.1 Fluidized Bed Reactor

    Uploaded by

    sagar dasgupta
    The document provides a material balance for the production of acrylonitrile in a fluidized bed reactor. It details: 1) The input and output streams of materials in the reactor with propene, ammonia, air as inputs and acrylonitrile as the main product. 2) The material flows and compositions at various stages - quencher, absorber and HCN recovery unit. 3) Key specifications like 400 ton/day acrylonitrile production and feed ratios. 4) Material balances are provided to show total input equals total output at each stage of production.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
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    At a glance
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    The document discusses the material balance of a process for the production of acrylonitrile from propene, ammonia, and oxygen using a fluidized bed reactor. It details the inputs, outputs, and compositions at each major step in the process.

    The main components involved are propene, oxygen, nitrogen, ammonia, carbon dioxide, HCN, AN, acrolein, acetonitrile, and water.

    The quencher cools the hot reaction gases from the reactor. It uses a 30% sulfuric acid solution which would absorb the heat from the gases while some components like AN and HCN may get absorbed in the acid.

    MATERIAL BALANCE

    CHAPTER No.3
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    3.1 FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR :-


    Basis:
     400 ton/day Acrylonitrile production.
     Feed Ratio = Propene / ammonia / air =1/ 1.2 /9.5
     1 hr operation

    22
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    INPUT STREAM:

    Weight Moles
    Components Weight% Mole%
    (kg/hr) (kmol/hr)
    Propylene 14280 12.5 340 8.5
    Air 93024 81.4 3230 81.2
    Ammonia 6936 6.1 408 10.3
    Total 114240 100 3978 100
    COMPOSITION OF COMPONENTS IN GASEOUS LEAVING

    AMOUNT MOLECULAR AMOUNT


    COMPONENT MOLE %
    (Kgmoles) WEIGHT (Kg)
    Propylene 5.78 42 242.67 0.138
    Oxygen 26.35 32 843.2 0.629
    Nitrogen 2584 28 72352 61.8
    Ammonia 97.41 17 1655.97 2.33
    Carbon dioxide 109.14 44 4802.16 2.6
    HCN 27.55 27 743.58 0.66
    AN 272.33 53.1 14461.25 6.5
    Acrolein 9.18 56.1 514.99 0.219
    Acetonitrile 10.705 41.1 444.18 0.256
    Water 1041.22 18 18742.14 24.88
    TOTAL AMOUNT OF GASEOUS LEAVING = 114240 Kg/hr

    Total Material in = 114240 kg / hr


    Total Material out = 114240 kg / hr

    3.2 QUENCHER:-

    23
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    COMPOSITION OF COMPONENTS IN GASEOUS FEED

    AMOUNT MOLECULAR AMOUNT


    COMPONENT MOLE %
    (Kgmoles) WEIGHT (Kg)

    24
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    Propene 5.78 42 242.67 0.138


    Oxygen 26.35 32 843.2 0.629
    Nitrogen 2584 28 72352 61.8
    Ammonia 97.41 17 1655.97 2.33
    Carbon dioxide 109.14 44 4802.16 2.6
    HCN 27.55 27 743.58 0.66
    AN 272.33 53.1 14461.25 6.5
    Acrolein 9.18 56.1 514.99 0.219
    Acetonitrile 10.705 41.1 444.18 0.256
    Water 1041.22 18 18742.14 24.88

    TOTAL AMOUNT OF GASEOUS FEED ENTERING = 114240 Kg/hr

    COMPOSITION OF QUENCHING MEDIA (30% H2SO4) ENTERING

    AMOUNT MOLECULAR AMOUNT


    COMPONENT MOLE %
    (Kgmoles) WEIGHT.. (Kg)
    Water 743.72 18 13386.6 92.7
    Sulfuric Acid 58.54 98 5737.4 7.3
    TOTAL AMOUNT OF QUENCHING MEDIA = 19124 Kg/hr

    Total quenching media (30% H2SO4) entering = 19124 kg/hr

    Total input = 19124 + 114240

    = 133364 kg/hr

    COMPOSITION OF COMPONENTS LEAVING AT THE TOP

    AMOUNT MOLECULAR AMOUNT


    COMPONENT MOLE %
    (Kgmoles) WEIGHT (Kg)
    Propene 5.78 42 242.76 0.19
    Oxygen 26.35 32 843.20 0.85

    25
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    Nitrogen 2584 28 72352 83.8


    Carbon dioxide 109.14 44 4802.16 3.54
    HCN 27.26 27 736.14 0.88
    AN 269.62 53.1 14316.64 8.74
    Acrolein 9.09 56.1 509.84 0.29
    Acetonitrile 10.61 41.1 435.78 0.34
    Water 41.22 18 18742.14 1.34

    TOTAL AMOUNT OF GASEOUS COMPONENT LEAVING = 112979 Kg/hr

    COMPOSITON OF COMPONENTS LEAVING AT THE BOTTOM

    AMOUNT MOLECULAR AMOUNT MOLE


    COMPONENT
    (Kgmoles) WEIGHT (Kg) %
    HCN 0.255 27 7.43 0.032
    Sulfuric Acid 9.76 98 956.2 1.2
    Ammonium Sulfate 48.78 132 6439.1 6.06
    AN 2.73 53.1 144.61 0.39
    Acrolein 0.094 56.1 5.15 0.012
    Acetonitrile 0.107 41.1 4.4 0.013
    Water 743.7 18 13386.6 92.34

    TOTAL AMOUNTS OF COMPONENTS LEAVING AT THE BOTTOM= 20385 Kg/hr

    Material Entering = 133364 kg / hr

    26
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    Material Leaving = 133364 kg / hr

    27
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    3.3 ABSORBER:-

    28
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    Total water entering for absorption = 90195 kg / hr


    Total input = 90195 + 94035
    = 185110 kg/hr
    COMPOSITION OF COMPONENTS IN GASEOUS FEED

    AMOUNT MOLECULAR AMOUNT


    COMPONENT MOLE %
    (Kgmoles) WEIGHT (Kg)
    Propene 5.78 42 242.76 0.17
    Oxygen 26.35 32 843.2 0.80
    Nitrogen 2584 28 72352 76.94
    Carbondioxide 109.14 44 4802.16 5.11
    HCN 24.54 27 662.53 0.70
    AN 134.81 53.1 7158.32 7.61
    Acrolein 4.54 56.1 254.92 0.27
    Acetonitrile 5.30 41.1 217.89 0.23
    Water 416.74 18 7501.25 8.00
    TOTAL AMOUNT OF GASEOUS FEED ENTERING = 94035 Kg/hr

    COMPOSITION OF SOLVENT

    AMOUNT MOLECULAR AMOUNT


    COMPONENT MOLE %
    (Kgmoles) WEIGHT.. (Kg)
    Water 5010.82 18 90195 100
    TOTAL AMOUNT OF SOLVENT ENTERING = 90195 Kg/hr

    COMPOSITION OF COMPONENTS LEAVING AT THE TOP

    AMOUNT MOLECULAR AMOUNT


    COMPONENT MOLE %
    (Kgmoles) WEIGHT (Kg)
    Propene 5.78 42 242.76 0.20
    Oxygen 26.35 32 843.20 0.94
    Nitrogen 2584 28 72352 92.76
    29
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    Carbondioxide 109.14 44 4802.16 3.92


    AN 0.67 53.1 35.79 0.02
    Acrolein 2.74 56.1 153.90 0.1
    Water 57.53 18 1035.58 2.06

    TOTAL AMOUNT OF GASEOUS COMPONENT LEAVING =79465Kg/hr

    COMPOSITON OF COMPONENTS LEAVING AT THE BOTTOM

    AMOUNT MOLECULAR AMOUNT MOLE


    COMPONENT
    (Kgmoles) WEIGHT (Kg) %
    HCN 24.54 27 662.53 0.44
    AN 134.13 53.1 7122.53 2.42
    Acrolein 1.80 56.1 101.02 0.03
    Acetonitrile 5.30 41.1 217.89 0.1
    Water 5370.03 18 96660.51 97

    TOTAL AMOUNTS OF COMPONENTS LEAVING AT THE BOTTOM=104765Kg/hr

    Material Entering = 185110 kg / hr


    Material Leaving = 185110 kg / hr

    3.4 HCN RECOVERY

    30
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    INPUT FROM FROM TOTAL ENTERING


    STREAM ABSORBER DECANTER
    COMPONENTS AMOUNT AMOUNT AMOUNT WEIGHT AMOUNT MOLE
    Kg/hr Kg/hr Kg/hr % Kmoles/hr %
    Acrylonitirle 7122.53 7158 14280.53 0.11 269.43 0.04

    HCN 662.53 74 736.53 0.006 27.27 0.004

    Acetonitrile 217.89 217 434.89 0.008 10.6 0.003

    Acrolein 101.02 254 355.02 0.002 6.33 0.001

    Water 96660.51 11241 107901.51 0.87 5994.53 0.94

    Total 104763.95 18944 123707.59 1 6308.15 1

    31
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    LOWER STREAM wt % wt (kg/hr) kmol/hr mol%

    Acrylonitrile 11.6 14268 269.2 4.28


    Acetonitrile 0.35 432.42 10.53 0.16
    Acrolein 0.28 348.84 6.22 0.09
    Water 87.8 107891.41 5993 95.44
    TOTAL 100 122950.67 6278.95 100.00

    UPPER wt% wt (kg/hr) kmoles/hr mol%


    STREAM
    Acrylonitrile 0.001 12 0.02 0.71
    Acetonitrile 0.002 2.47 0.06 0.21
    HCN 99.9 736.53 27.27 98.9
    Water ppm 9 10.1 0.56 0.4
    Acrolein 0.005 6.18 0.111 0.39
    Total 100 756.48 28.021 100

    Material in = 123707.59 kg/hr


    Material out = 123707.15 kg/hr

    32
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    3.5 WATER RECOVERY

    Since composition of upper stream is given in literature, so

    Upper Stream wt% wt (kg/hr) kmoles/hr mol%

    Acrylonitrile 94.01 14024.57 264.61 93.19


    Acetonitrile 3.7 402.32 9.8 4.1
    Water 0.13 50.48 2.77 0.2
    Acrolein 2.05 302.88 5.4 2.0
    Total 100 14780.25 281.91 100

    33
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    LOWER STREAM wt % wt (kg/hr) kmol/hr mol%

    Acrylonitrile 0.22 243.43 4.6 0.07


    Acetonitrile 0.03 30.1 0.8 0.01
    Acrolein 0.04 45.96 0.8 0.01
    Water 99.7 107840.93 5992 99.8
    TOTAL 100 108160.42 5998.2 100.00

    Material in = 122950.67 kg/hr


    Material out = 122940.58 kg/hr

    3.6 ACRYLONITRILE RECOVERY

    In literature, composition of Acrylonitrile and Acetonitrile is given

    34
    Production of Acrylonitrile
    MATERIAL BALANCE

    Top Product:-

    Upper Stream wt % wt (kg/hr) kmol/hr mol%

    Acrylonitrile 98.8 14011.88 264.18 97.90


    Acetonitrile 0.04 10.51 0.25 0.004
    Acrolein 1.01 288.31 5.14 2.01
    Water 0.02 4.22 0.24 0.002
    TOTAL 100 14314.92 269.81 100.00

    Bottom Product:-
    LOWER STREAM wt% wt (kg/hr) kmoles/hr mol%

    Acrylonitrile 1.7 12.69 0.24 1.1

    Acetonitrile 87.04 391.81 14.5 94.01


    Water 9.8 45.79 2.54 5.01
    Acrolein 2.13 14.57 0.21 0.5
    Total 100 464.86 17.49 100

    Material in = 147780 kg/hr


    Material out = 14779.58 kg/hr

    35
    Production of Acrylonitrile

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