World Stats Pocketbook 2006

Department of Economic
and Social Affairs
Statistics Division Series V No. 31
World
Statistics
Pocketbook
Containing data available
as of December 2006
United Nations New York 2007

The De partment of Econom ic an d Soci al Affa irs of the United
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generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and
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in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to
address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises
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frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits
into programmes at the country level and, through technical
assistance, helps build national capacities.
Note
The designations employed and the presentation of material in this
publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the
part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of
any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the
delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
The term “country” as used in this publication also refers, as

appropriate, to territories or areas.
The designations “developed” and “developing” regions are intended for

statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about
the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development
process.
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Preface
This World Statistics Pocketbook is the twenty-

sixth compilation of basic economic and social indicators
for countries and areas of the world, prepared by the
United Nations Statistics Division, Department of
Economic and Social Affairs. It responds to General
Assembly resolution 2626 (XXV), in which the Secretary-
General is requested to supply basic national data that
will increase international public awareness of countries'
development efforts.
The indicators shown are selected from the wealth
of international statistical information compiled regularly
by the Statistics Division and Population Division of the
United Nations, and the statistical services of the United
Nations specialized agencies and of other international
organizations and institutions.
This issue of the World Statistics Pocketbook
generally covers the years 2000 and 2006. The statistics
included for each year shown are those most recently
compiled and made available by the international
statistical services from official national sources,
supplemented by international estimates in some fields.
Statistical sources and methods are described in the
section “Technical notes”, in the “Data dictionary” and in
footnotes. Statistics presented are in general the latest
available to the United Nations Statistics Division as of
December 2006.
Readers wishing to consult more detailed statistics
and descriptions of technical methods used in their
collection and compilation are referred to the more
specialized publications listed in the Introduction and in
the reference lists at the end of this publication.
Introduction
Considerable progress has been made in the last

two decades towards standardization of statistical
definitions worldwide, for example in the wide scope of
topics covered by the 1968 and 1993 versions of the
System of National Accounts 1 , the United Nations
Principles and Recommendations for Population and
Housing Censuses2 and the recommendations on
statistics of the International Labour Organization
among many. The internationally recommended
definitions used in the present publication are given in
the “Data dictionary”, beginning on p. 227, with
citations to the original sources.
In addition, the section “Technical notes”,
beginning on p. 217, contains short descriptions of the
sources for the indicators presented here and the
methodologies used in their compilation at national and
international levels, and describe some of their
limitations and differences from international standards.
Readers interested in more detailed time-series
and data should consult the following major
publications:
United Nations
Statistical Yearbook
United Nations publication, Series S [16]*
Demographic Yearbook
United Nations publication, Series R [10]
National Accounts Statistics
United Nations publication, Series X [14], [15]
International Trade Statistics Yearbook
United Nations publication, Series G [12]
Energy Statistics Yearbook
United Nations publication, Series J [11]
Monthly Bulletin of Statistics
United Nations publication, Series Q [13]
World Population Prospects (biennial)
United Nations publication [19]
v
World Urbanization Prospects (biennial)
United Nations publication [18]
Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations (Rome)
FAO Yearbook: Production [2]
International Labour Office (Geneva)
Key Indicators of the Labour Market [4]
Yearbook of Labour Statistics [7]
International Monetary Fund (Washington DC)
International Financial Statistics (monthly
and annual) [6]
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) Institute for Statistics,
Montreal,
the UNESCO Institute Statistics Database [20]
World Tourism Organization (Madrid)
Yearbook of Tourism Statistics [25]
The World Statistics Pocketbook is prepared by

the Statistical Services Branch of the Statistics Division,
Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United
Nations Secretariat. The editor is Virgilio Castillo.
Salomon Cameo is the software developer. They are
assisted by Paul Narain.
* Numbers in brackets refer to numbered entries listed in “Statistical

sources” at the end of this publication.
1 United Nations, Commission of the European Communities, International
Monetary Fund, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
and World Bank (1994), System of National Accounts 1993 (SNA 1993)
(joint publication, United Nations publication Sales No. E.94.XVII.4).
2 United Nations (1998), Principles and Recommendations for Population
and Housing Censuses Revision 1, Statistical Office, Series M, No. 67,
Rev.1 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.98.XVII.8).
vi
Contents
Preface........................................................................................................iii
Introduction .................................................................................................v
Explanatory notes and abbreviations......................................................xii
Conversion coefficients and factors........................................................xii
Country and area tables ............................................................................ 1
Technical notes...................................................................................... 217
Geographical coverage .............................................................. 217
Notes on the indicators.............................................................. 217
General indicators .............................................................. 217
Economic indicators ........................................................... 218
Social indicators................................................................. 222
Environmental indicators ................................................... 225
Data dictionary....................................................................................... 227
References .................................................................................. 239
Statistical sources ................................................................................. 243
Current United Nations statistical publications .................................. 245
List of tables
Afghanistan ............................................................................................... 3
Albania ...................................................................................................... 4
Algeria ....................................................................................................... 5
American Samoa ...................................................................................... 6
Andorra...................................................................................................... 7
Angola ....................................................................................................... 8
Antigua and Barbuda................................................................................ 9
Argentina................................................................................................. 10
Armenia ................................................................................................... 11
Aruba ........................................................................................................ 12
Australia .................................................................................................. 13
Austria ..................................................................................................... 14
Azerbaijan ............................................................................................... 15
Bahamas.................................................................................................. 16
Bahrain ..................................................................................................... 17
Bangladesh............................................................................................... 18
Barbados .................................................................................................. 19
vii
Belarus...................................................................................................... 20
Belgium..................................................................................................... 21
Belize ........................................................................................................ 22
Benin......................................................................................................... 23
Bermuda ................................................................................................... 24
Bhutan ...................................................................................................... 25
Bolivia....................................................................................................... 26
Bosnia and Herzegovina.......................................................................... 27
Botswana ................................................................................................. 28
Brazil ......................................................................................................... 29
British Virgin Islands................................................................................ 30
Brunei Darussalam .................................................................................. 31
Bulgaria .................................................................................................... 32
Burkina Faso............................................................................................. 33
Burundi ..................................................................................................... 34
Cambodia ................................................................................................. 35
Cameroon ................................................................................................. 36
Canada...................................................................................................... 37
Cape Verde............................................................................................... 38
Cayman Islands........................................................................................ 39
Central African Republic ......................................................................... 40
Chad.......................................................................................................... 41
Chile.......................................................................................................... 42
China......................................................................................................... 43
China, Hong Kong SAR............................................................................ 44
China, Macao SAR................................................................................... 45
Colombia .................................................................................................. 46
Comoros.................................................................................................... 47
Congo........................................................................................................ 48
Congo, Democratic Republic of the ....................................................... 49
Cook Islands ............................................................................................. 50
Costa Rica ................................................................................................ 51
Côte d'Ivoire ............................................................................................. 52
Croatia ...................................................................................................... 53
Cuba.......................................................................................................... 54
Cyprus....................................................................................................... 55
Czech Republic ........................................................................................ 56
Denmark .................................................................................................. 57
Djibouti .................................................................................................... 58
Dominica ................................................................................................. 59
Dominican Republic ................................................................................ 60
Ecuador .................................................................................................... 61
Egypt ........................................................................................................ 62
El Salvador .............................................................................................. 63
Equatorial Guinea ................................................................................... 64
Eritrea ...................................................................................................... 65
viii
Estonia ..................................................................................................... 66
Ethiopia .................................................................................................... 67
Fiji ............................................................................................................ 68
Finland ..................................................................................................... 69
France ...................................................................................................... 70
French Guiana ......................................................................................... 71
French Polynesia ..................................................................................... 72
Gabon ...................................................................................................... 73
Gambia .................................................................................................... 74
Georgia .................................................................................................... 75
Germany .................................................................................................. 76
Ghana ...................................................................................................... 77
Greece ..................................................................................................... 78
Grenada ................................................................................................... 79
Guadeloupe ............................................................................................. 80
Guam ....................................................................................................... 81
Guatemala ............................................................................................... 82
Guinea ..................................................................................................... 83
Guinea-Bissau.......................................................................................... 84
Guyana ..................................................................................................... 85
Haiti ......................................................................................................... 86
Honduras ................................................................................................. 87
Hungary ................................................................................................... 88
Iceland ..................................................................................................... 89
India ......................................................................................................... 90
Indonesia ................................................................................................. 91
Iran, Islamic Republic of ......................................................................... 92
Iraq ........................................................................................................... 93
Ireland ...................................................................................................... 94
Israel ........................................................................................................ 95
Italy .......................................................................................................... 96
Jamaica ................................................................................................... 97
Japan ....................................................................................................... 98
Jordan ...................................................................................................... 99
Kazakhstan ............................................................................................ 100
Kenya ..................................................................................................... 101
Kiribati ................................................................................................... 102
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of ............................................. 103
Korea, Republic of ................................................................................ 104
Kuwait ................................................................................................... 105
Kyrgyzstan ............................................................................................. 106
Lao People's Democratic Republic ...................................................... 107
Latvia ..................................................................................................... 108
Lebanon ................................................................................................. 109
Lesotho .................................................................................................. 110
Liberia .................................................................................................... 111
ix
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ....................................................................... 112
Liechtenstein ......................................................................................... 113
Lithuania ................................................................................................ 114
Luxembourg ........................................................................................... 115
Madagascar ........................................................................................... 116
Malawi .................................................................................................. 117
Malaysia ................................................................................................ 118
Maldives ................................................................................................ 119
Mali ........................................................................................................ 120
Malta ..................................................................................................... 121
Marshall Islands ................................................................................... 122
Martinique ............................................................................................. 123
Mauritania ............................................................................................. 124
Mauritius ............................................................................................... 125
Mexico ................................................................................................... 126
Micronesia, Federated States of ......................................................... 127
Moldova, Republic of ........................................................................... 128
Monaco .................................................................................................. 129
Mongolia ............................................................................................... 130
Montenegro .......................................................................................... 131
Morocco ................................................................................................ 132
Mozambique ......................................................................................... 133
Myanmar ............................................................................................... 134
Namibia ................................................................................................. 135
Nauru..................................................................................................... 136
Nepal ..................................................................................................... 137
Netherlands ........................................................................................... 138
Netherlands Antilles ............................................................................. 139
New Caledonia ..................................................................................... 140
New Zealand ........................................................................................ 141
Nicaragua .............................................................................................. 142
Niger ...................................................................................................... 143
Nigeria ................................................................................................... 144
Niue ........................................................................................................ 145
Northern Mariana Islands .................................................................... 146
Norway .................................................................................................. 147
Oman ..................................................................................................... 148
Pakistan ................................................................................................. 149
Palau ...................................................................................................... 150
Panama .................................................................................................. 151
Papua New Guinea ............................................................................... 152
Paraguay ................................................................................................ 153
Peru ........................................................................................................ 154
Philippines ............................................................................................. 155
Poland .................................................................................................... 156
Portugal ................................................................................................. 157
x
Puerto Rico ............................................................................................ 158
Qatar ...................................................................................................... 159
Réunion ................................................................................................. 160
Romania ................................................................................................ 161
Russian Federation ............................................................................... 162
Rwanda .................................................................................................. 163
Saint Kitts and Nevis ............................................................................ 164
Saint Lucia ............................................................................................. 165
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ....................................................... 166
Samoa .................................................................................................... 167
San Marino ............................................................................................ 168
Sao Tome and Principe ......................................................................... 169
Saudi Arabia .......................................................................................... 170
Senegal .................................................................................................. 171
Serbia ................................................................................................... 172
Seychelles ............................................................................................. 173
Sierra Leone .......................................................................................... 174
Singapore .............................................................................................. 175
Slovakia ................................................................................................. 176
Slovenia ................................................................................................. 177
Solomon Islands ................................................................................... 178
Somalia .................................................................................................. 179
South Africa .......................................................................................... 180
Spain ...................................................................................................... 181
Sri Lanka ................................................................................................ 182
Sudan ..................................................................................................... 183
Suriname ............................................................................................... 184
Swaziland .............................................................................................. 185
Sweden .................................................................................................. 186
Switzerland ........................................................................................... 187
Syrian Arab Republic ............................................................................ 188
Tajikistan ............................................................................................... 189
Thailand ................................................................................................. 190
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia .................................... 191
Timor- Leste .......................................................................................... 192
Togo ....................................................................................................... 193
Tonga ..................................................................................................... 194
Trinidad and Tobago ............................................................................. 195
Tunisia ................................................................................................... 196
Turkey .................................................................................................... 197
Turkmenistan ........................................................................................ 198
Tuvalu ..................................................................................................... 199
Uganda .................................................................................................. 200
Ukraine .................................................................................................. 201
United Arab Emirates ........................................................................... 202
United Kingdom .................................................................................... 203
xi
United Republic of Tanzania ................................................................ 204
United States of America ..................................................................... 205
Uruguay ................................................................................................. 206
US Virgin Islands ................................................................................... 207
Uzbekistan ............................................................................................. 208
Vanuatu ................................................................................................. 209
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of ....................................................... 210
Viet Nam ............................................................................................... 211
Western Sahara .................................................................................... 212
Yemen ................................................................................................... 213
Zambia ................................................................................................... 214
Zimbabwe .............................................................................................. 215
Explanatory notes and abbreviations

... Data not available
– Magnitude zero
< Magnitude not zero, but less than half of the unit
employed
–< Magnitude not zero, but negative and less than half
of the unit employed
p.a. Per annum
2
Km Square kilometre
000 Mt Thousand metric tons
Decimal figures are always preceded by a period (.).
Conversion coefficients and factors

The metric system of weights and measures has
been employed in World Statistics Pocketbook. The
following table shows the equivalents of the basic
metric, British imperial and United States units of
measurement:
Area 1 square kilometer = 0.386102 square mile
Weight or mass 1 ton = 1.102311 short tons, or
= 0.987207 long ton
1 kilogram = 35.273962 avdp. ounces
= 2.204623 avdp. pounds
Distance 1 kilometre = 0.621371 mile
xii
Country and area tables
Afghanistan
Region South-central Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Kabul (2994)
Currency afghani
Population in 2006 (proj., 000s) 31082
Surface area (square kms) 652090
Population density (per square km) 48
United Nations membership date 19 November 1946
Economic indicators 2000 2005
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) ab 3000.00 50.10 c
Tourist arrivals (000s) 4d ...
GDP (million current US$) 2963 6504
GDP (per capita current US$) 125 218
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 15.0 16.0
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 136 75 e
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 0.6 0.5 f
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 0.1 0.3
Internet users, estimated (000s) 1.0 30.0
Total trade Major trading partners 2005
(million US$) (% of exports) (% of imports)
Exports 365.0 Pakistan 82 Japan 19
Imports 2218.0 India 6 Pakistan 18
Russian Fed. 4 China 14
Social indicators 2000-2006
Population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) 4.6
Population aged 0-14 years (%) 47.0
Population aged 60+ years (women and men, % of total) 5.0/4.0
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 94
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 46/46
Infant mortality rate 2000-2005 (per 1,000 births) 149
Total fertility rate 2000-2005 (births per woman) 7.5
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 5g
Urban population (%) 23
Urban population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) 6.1
Rural population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) 4.2
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR h 911679
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 1.6 i
Primary-secondary gross enrolment ratio (w and m per 100) 33/82
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 20/80
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) 67
Parliamentary seats (women and men, % of total) 26/74
Environment 2000-2006
Threatened species 38
Forested area (% of land area) 2
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) 704/0.0
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 12
Precipitation (mm) 312 j
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) j 5.5/19.6
a Afghanistan redenominated its currency, Afghani in 2002. The old 1000 Afghani is
1 Afghani. b Principal rate. c September 2006. d 1997. e 2004. f 2002. g The data refer
only to the Eastern Region, South-eastern Region, and two provinces of the Central
Region of Afghanistan. h Provisional. i 1981. j Kabul.
3
Albania
Region Southern Europe
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Tirana (388)
Currency lek
United Nations membership date 14 December 1955
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) 142.64 95.59 a
Consumer price index (2000=100) 100 119 b
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 16.8 14.4 c
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –156 –571
Tourist arrivals (000s) 32 42 c
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 49.7 d 49.3 e
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 74.8 d 71.2 e
Employment in industrial sector (%) 6.6 13.5
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 71.8 58.4
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 100 104 c
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 100 105 c
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 729 931 c
Exports 662.2 Italy 72 Italy 29
Imports 2634.6 Greece 10 Greece 16
Germany 3 Turkey 7
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 75 g
Rural population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) –0.8
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 2.8
Intentional homicides (per 100,000 inhabitants) 7
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) 1.8/30.7
a August 2006. b June 2006. c 2004. d 2001. e 2002. f 2003. g For women aged 15-44
in union or married. h Provisional.
4
Algeria
Region Northern Africa
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Algiers (3200)
Currency dinar
United Nations membership date 8 October 1962
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) a 75.34 72.08 b
Consumer price index (2000=100) 100 120 c
Industrial production index (1995=100) 97 101
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) d 27.3 e 17.7 f
Tourist arrivals (000s) g 866 1234 f
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 11.8 h ...
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 77.5 h ...
Employment in industrial sector (%) 24.3 e 26.0 f
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 21.1 e 20.7 f
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 96 117 f
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 95 117 f
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 175104 188399 f
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 88.2 90.5
(million US$) f (% of exports) f (% of imports) f
Exports 32082.6 USA 24 France 23
Imports 18307.7 Italy 16 Italy 8
France 11 Germany 7
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 64
Foreign born (%) 0.8 i
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR j 94408
Precipitation (mm) 687 k
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) k 11.7/23.1
a Official rate. b October 2006. c May 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over. e 2001.
f 2004. g Including nationals residing abroad. h 1996. i Estimated data. j Provisional.
k Dar-El-Beida.
5
American Samoa
Region Oceania-Polynesia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Pago Pago (55)
Currency US dollar
Population in 2006 (proj., 000s) 65 a
Consumer price index (2000=100) b 100 126 c
Tourist arrivals (000s) 44 36 d
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 100 100 e
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 100 100 e
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 121.7 f 123.3
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) ... 25.2 d
Population aged 60+ years (women and men, % of total) g 6.0/5.0 h
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 96 ijk
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 76/69 kl
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 8.1 m
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 54/46 n
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 1596 o
a 2005. b Excluding rent. c 1st quarter 2006. d 2001. e 2003. f 1999. g De jure population
but including armed forces stationed in the area. h 1990. i Including armed forces
stationed in the area. j Refers to de jure population count. k 2000. l Published by the
Secretariat of the Pacific Community. m 1981. n 1995. o 2002.
6
Andorra
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Andorra-la-Vella (22)
Currency euro a
United Nations membership date 28 July 1993
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) b 192.36 c 0.79 d
Tourist arrivals (000s) 2949 2791 e
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 43.9 52.3 e
(million US$) e (% of exports) e (% of imports) e
Exports 122.8 Spain 52 Spain 51
Imports 1765.5 France 24 France 22
Germany 15 Germany 5
Infant mortality rate 2000-2005 (per 1,000 births) 4f
Urban population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) –<
Foreign born (%) 23.7 g
a Prior to January 2002, Spanish peseta/French franc. b Data refer to non-commercial
rates derived from the Operational Rates of Exchange for United Nations Programmes.
c Spanish peseta/French franc. d October 2006. e 2004. f Rates based on 10 or fewer
infant deaths. g 1989.
7
Angola
Region Middle Africa
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Luanda (2766)
Currency kwanza
Consumer price index (2000=100) b 100 1846
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –150 c 686 d
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 73.4 e ...
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 100 113 d
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 100 113 d
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 37310 50274 d
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) f 17.0 16.1 c
Precipitation (mm) 332 b
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) b 22.3/25.2
a September 2006. b Luanda. c 2002. d 2004. e 1995. f Source: World Automotive
Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois). g Estimated data. h Provisional.
8
Antigua and Barbuda
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) St John's (32)
Currency EC dollar
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) b 2.70 2.70 c
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –79 –103 d
Tourist arrivals (000s) e 207 245 f
Employment in industrial sector (%) 18.6 g ...
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 4.0 g ...
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 324.8 hi ...
Exports 120.6 Neth.Antilles 23 USA 49
Imports 525.2 UK 17 Trinidad Tbg 11
St.Kitts & Nevis 10 Neth.Antilles 10
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 109 jk
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 53 lmn
Foreign born (%) 22.1 o
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 2024 o
Precipitation (mm) 1052 p
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) p 23.9/29.6
a 2005. b Official rate. c October 2006. d 2002. e Including nationals residing abroad.
f 2004. g 1991. h Including commercial vehicles. i 1998. j Refers to de facto population
count. k 2001. l Including visiting unions. m For women aged 15-44 in union or married.
n 1988. o Estimated data. p St. John's Antigua.
9
Argentina
Region South America
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Buenos Aires (12550)
Currency peso
Consumer price index (2000=100) c 100 182 d
Industrial production index (1995=100) e 102 128 f
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) g 15.0 h 10.6 i
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –8981 5705
Tourist arrivals (000s) j 2909 3353 k
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 44.1 45.8 l
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 73.2 71.5 l
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 100 102 k
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 100 102 k
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 82024 85978 k
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 173.2 ...
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) m 21.5 22.8
Internet users, estimated (000s) n 2600.0 6863.5
Exports 40106.4 Brazil 16 Brazil 37
Imports 28688.6 USA 11 USA 16
Chile 11 China 5
Foreign born (%) 4.2
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR o 3899
Newspaper circulation (per 1,000 inhabitants) 41
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) n 326
Precipitation (mm) 1215 c
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) c 13.5/22.5
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Buenos Aires. d September 2006. e Manufacturing.
f 2nd quarter 2006. g Persons aged 10 years and over, 28 urban agglomerations.
h May and October. i Second semester. j Excluding nationals residing abroad. k 2004.
l 2003. m From 1991, year ending 30 September. n Year ending 30 September.
o Provisional.
10
Armenia
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Yerevan (1103)
Currency dram
United Nations membership date 2 March 1992
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) de 11.7 8.1
Tourist arrivals (000s) 45 263 f
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 54.3 g 44.8 h
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 68.7 g 43.3 h
Employment in industrial sector (%) 17.0 i 16.5 j
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 45.3 i 46.0 j
Exports 937.0 Germany 16 Russian Fed. 15
Imports 1691.5 Netherlands 14 Belgium 9
Belgium 13 USA 6
Population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) –0.4
Urban population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) –0.8
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR k 219620
Precipitation (mm) 227 l
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) l 5.5/18.2
a Official rate. b October 2006. c May 2006. d Persons aged 16 to 63 years. e Dec. of
each year. f 2004. g 1997. h 2001. i 2002. j 2003. k Provisional. l Yerevan.
11
Aruba
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Oranjestad (30)
Currency florin
Consumer price index (2000=100) 100 122 d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 211 –259
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 54.3 f ...
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 71.5 f ...
Employment in industrial sector (%) 16.3 f ...
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 0.5 f ...
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 41.4 39.7 gh
Internet users, estimated (000s) 14.0 24.0 i
Exports 106.2 Netherlands 34 USA 56
Imports 1030.0 Panama 17 Netherlands 13
Colombia 12 UK 4
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 4.0 l
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 3519 m
Precipitation (mm) 1007 n
a 2005. b Official rate. c September 2006. d June 2006. e 2004. f 1997. g Estimate.
h 2003. i 2001. j Refers to de facto population count. k 2000. l 1994. m Estimated
data. n Juliana/St. Maarten.
12
Australia
Region Oceania
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Sydney (4331)
Currency dollar
Industrial production index (1995=100) 112 119 c
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) d 6.4 5.1
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 54.6 55.3 f
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 71.7 70.4 f
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) gh 631.5 i 667.7
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) j 54.0 56.9
Internet users, estimated (000s) j 6600.0 14190.0
Exports 105751.5 Japan 20 USA 14
Imports 118921.9 China 12 China 14
Korea Rep. 8 Japan 11
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 102 h
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 83/78 h
Total fertility rate 2000-2005 (births per woman) 1.8 h
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 76 kl
Urban population (%) h 88
Urban population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) h 1.3
Rural population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) h –0.6
Foreign born (%) 24.6 m
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR n 66786
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) j 665
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) o 371700/18.8
a October 2006. b June 2006. c 2nd quarter 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over.
e Arrivals by air. f 2004. g Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 July. h Including
Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island. i 1999. j Year ending 30
June. k For women aged 20-49 in union or married. l 1986. m Estimated data.
n Provisional. o Source: UNFCCC. p Sydney.
13
Austria
Region Western Europe
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Vienna (2260)
Currency euro a
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) 1.07 0.79 b
Industrial production index (1995=100) d 134 156 c
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) e 3.6 f 4.9 g
Tourist arrivals (000s) 17982 19373 g
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 48.4 50.8 g
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 68.4 67.0 g
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 98 102 g
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 98 102 g
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 6879 6442 g
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 602.4 552.4 h
Exports 114390.0 Germany 32 Germany 43
USA 6 France 4
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR i 62440
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) j 76210/9.4
a Prior to 1 January 1999, schilling. b September 2006. c August 2006. d Monthly
indices are adjusted for differences in the number of working days. e Persons aged
15 years and over. f May and November of each year. g 2004. h Including vehicles
operated by police or other governmental security organizations. i Provisional. j
Source: UNFCCC. k Vienna.
14
Azerbaijan
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Baku (1856)
Currency manat
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) ef 1.2 1.4
Exports 4347.2 Italy 30 Russian Fed. 17
Imports 4211.2 France 9 UK 9
Russian Fed. 7 Singapore 9
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 55 h
a Introduced a new currency in 2006, the new Manat. 1 new Manat (AZN) is equal
to 5000 old Manats (AZM). b Official rate. c September 2006. d April 2006. e Em-
ployment office records. f 31st December of each year. g 2004. h For women aged
15-44 in union or married. i Provisional. j Baku.
15
Bahamas
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Nassau (233)
Currency dollar
United Nations membership date 18 September 1973
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) 1.00 1.00
Consumer price index (2000=100) 100 113 a
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) b 7.8 c 10.2
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 70.9 c 71.9 e
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 83.1 c 81.7 e
Employment in industrial sector (%) 16.6 c 17.8
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 4.0 c 3.5
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 346.0 f 365.0 d
(million US$) g (% of exports) g (% of imports) g
Exports 375.9 USA 78 USA 83
Imports 1927.3 France 6 Venezuela 5
Germany 4 Neth.Antilles 3
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 62 hij
Foreign born (%) 9.9 k
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 2217 k
a May 2006. b Persons aged 15 years and over. c 1999. d 2004. e 2002. f Source:
World Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois). g 2001. h
Including visiting unions. i For women aged 15-44 in union or married. j 1988. k
Estimated data. l Nassau.
16
Bahrain
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Manama (162)
Currency dinar
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 830 415 c
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 35.1 37.8 c
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 86.6 85.4 c
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 316.2 329.1 d
Exports 9732.9 ... ...
Imports 7540.3 ... ...
... ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR e 15
Forested area (% of land area) –
Precipitation (mm) 71 f
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) f 23.0/30.1
a Official rate. b October 2006. c 2004. d 2001. e Provisional. f Bahrain/Manama.
17
Bangladesh
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Dhaka (12430)
Currency taka
Industrial production index (1995=100) 132 216 e
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) f 3.3 4.3 g
Tourist arrivals (000s) 199 271 h
Employment in industrial sector (%) 10.3 13.7 g
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 62.1 51.7 g
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 103 105 h
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 103 105 h
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 8380 11374 h
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 1.7 i ...
(million US$) h (% of exports) h (% of imports) h
Exports 8267.5 USA 26 China 14
Imports 11372.7 Germany 17 India 11
UK 11 Japan 10
Foreign born (%) 0.7 j
Precipitation (mm) 2039
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c Government officials. d March 2006. e May 2006.
f Persons aged 15 years and over. g 2003. h 2004. i 1998. j Estimated data. k Provi-
sional.
18
Barbados
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bridgetown (142)
Currency dollar
Industrial production index (1995=100) 111 95 d
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) e 9.4 9.8 f
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –146 –337 f
Employment in industrial sector (%) 20.4 17.3 f
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 3.7 3.3 f
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) gh 269.5 i ...
Exports 361.2 ... USA 36
Imports 1671.9 ... Trinidad Tbg 21
... Japan 8
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 55 klm
Foreign born (%) 9.2 n
Precipitation (mm) 1273 o
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) o 25.1/27.1
a Official rate. b October 2006. c April 2006. d May 2006. e Persons aged 15 years
and over. f 2004. g Including pick-ups. h Including buses and coaches. i 1999. j Until
2001: Data refer to BET and Bartel. From 2002: Cable and Wireless (Barbados) Limited.
k Including visiting unions. l For women aged 15-44 in union or married. m 1988.
n Estimated data. o Seawell airport.
19
Belarus
Region Eastern Europe
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Minsk (1778)
Currency rubel
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) h 141.8 174.1 e
Exports 15979.3 Russian Fed. 36 Russian Fed. 61
Imports 16708.1 Netherlands 15 Germany 7
UK 7 Ukraine 5
a Official rate. b September 2006. c April 2006. d Dec. of each year, Men aged 16 to
59 years, women aged 16 to 54 years. e 2004. f 1999. g 1994. h Passenger-cars only.
i Provisional. j Source: UNFCCC. k Minsk.
20
Belgium
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Brussels (1012)
Currency euro a
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 11360 e 10198
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) ... 102 f
Exports 334106.3 Germany 19 Netherlands 18
Imports 320129.6 France 17 Germany 17
Netherlands 12 France 11
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 78 gh
Forested area (% of land area) 22 e
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) k 126200/12.2
a Prior to 1 January 1999, franc. b September 2006. c August 2006. d Persons aged
15 years and over. e Including Luxembourg. f 2004. g For women aged 21-39 in union
or married. h 1991/92. i Estimated data. j Provisional. k Source: UNFCCC. l Brussels.
21
Belize
Region Central America
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Belize City (53)
Currency dollar
Consumer price index (2000=100) 100 113
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) c 12.8 d 10.0
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –156 –182 e
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 39.6 d ...
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 79.7 d ...
Employment in industrial sector (%) 17.0 d ...
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 27.5 d ...
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 8 9e
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) fg 134.2 159.4 h
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) i 14.9 12.3
Internet users, estimated (000s) i 15.0 38.0
Imports 438.6 UK 20 Cuba 15
Trinidad Tbg 5 Mexico 12
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 47 jkl
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR m 638
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) i 200
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 1018 n
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Persons aged 14 years and over, April of each year.
d 1999. e 2004. f Number of licensed vehicles. g Excluding government vehicles.
h 2002. i Year beginning 1 April. j Including visiting unions. k For women aged 15-44 in
union or married. l 1991. m Provisional. n Estimated data. o Belize City.
22
Benin
Region Western Africa
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Cotonou (719)
Currency CFA franc
Tourist arrivals (000s) 96 174 fg
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) ... 68.7 h
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) ... 66.6 h
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) i 2.0 j 19.6 e
Exports 288.2 China 36 France 18
Imports 898.7 India 7 China 9
Nigeria 6 Ghana 7
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Cotonou. d May 2006. e 2003. f Country estimates.
g 2004. h 2001. i Source: World Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck Interna-
tional (Illinois). j 1998. k Provisional.
23
Bermuda
Region Northern America
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Hamilton (1)
Currency dollar
Tourist arrivals (000s) c 332 272 d
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 67.9 ...
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 79.5 e ...
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) h 89.2 88.3 di
Internet users, estimated (000s) h 27.0 42.0
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 108 ejk
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 78/71 l
Infant mortality rate 2000-2005 (per 1,000 births) 4m
Rural population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) –
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) h 1099
Intentional homicides (per 100,000 inhabitants) –
a 2005. b February 2006. c Arrivals by air. d 2004. e 2000. f 1996. g 2003. h Year
beginning 1 April. i Estimate. j Including armed forces stationed in the area. k Refers
to de jure population count. l 1994. m Rates based on 10 or fewer infant deaths.
n Estimated data.
24
Bhutan
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Thimphu (85)
Currency ngultrum
Tourist arrivals (000s) 8 9c
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 2.2 3.9 c
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 65 d
Precipitation (mm) 799 e
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) e 14.0/24.2
a Official rate. b October 2006. c 2004. d Estimated data. e Wangdi Phodrang .
25
Bolivia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) La Paz (1527)
Currency boliviano
Industrial production index (1995=100) d 104 99 e
Tourist arrivals (000s) h 319 405 i
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 59.6 60.2 j
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 82.2 75.9 j
Employment in industrial sector (%) 28.2 ...
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 4.9 ...
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 104 111 i
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 104 110 i
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 4738 10617 i
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 55.8 51.9 i
Exports 2797.4 Brazil 36 Brazil 22
Imports 2343.3 USA 15 Argentina 17
Argentina 9 USA 14
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 58 k
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR l 538
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 35/65 m
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) n 12.3/18.6
a October 2006. b Urban areas. c August 2006. d Calculated by the Statistics Division
of the United Nations from component national indices. e 1st quarter 2005. f Persons
aged 10 years and over. g 2002. h Data based on surveys. As from 2000 a new survey
was applied. i 2004. j 2001. k 2003/04. l Provisional. m 1995. n Cochabamba.
26
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Sarajevo (380)
Currency convertible mark
United Nations membership date 22 May 1992
Tourist arrivals (000s) 171 190 b
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 88 98 b
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 88 98 b
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 5503 3181 b
Exports 2388.5 Croatia 20 Croatia 17
Imports 7053.8 Serbia, Mtneg 17 Germany 14
Italy 13 Serbia, Mtneg 12
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR c 199967
Precipitation (mm) 931 d
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) d 4.8/15.0
a October 2006. b 2004. c Provisional. d Sarajevo.
27
Botswana
Region Southern Africa
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Gaborone (210)
Currency pula
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) d 15.8 23.8 e
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 545 483 e
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) h 8.3 7.5
Internet users, estimated (000s) h 50.0 60.0 g
Exports 3801.6 UK 79 South Africa 85
Imports 3964.0 Norway 8 Sweden 3
South Africa 8 UK 3
a Official rate. b October 2006. c September 2006. d Persons aged 12 years and over.
e 2003. f 2001. g 2004. h Year beginning 1 April. i Provisional.
28
Brazil
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Sao Paulo (18333)
Currency real
Industrial production index (1995=100) 110 142 b
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) c 9.6 d 8.9 e
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 78.4 80.7 e
Employment in industrial sector (%) 19.3 d 21.0 e
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 24.2 d 21.0 e
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 104.2 g 118.0 h
Imports 76435.6 Argentina 9 Argentina 9
China 6 Germany 8
a October 2006. b August 2006. c Persons aged 10 years and over, excl. rural popu-
lation of Rondônia, Acre, Amazonas, Roraima, Pará and Amapá. d 1999. e 2004.
f 2003. g Source: World Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illi-
nois). h 2002. i Estimated data. j Provisional. k Sao Paulo.
29
British Virgin Islands
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Road Town (13)
Currency US dollar
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 369.9 519.6 c
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) ... 53.2 f
Internet users, estimated (000s) ... 4.0 f
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 94 gh
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 1311 i
a 2005. b February 2006. c 2004. d 1991. e 2003. f 2002. g Refers to de facto population
count. h 2001. i Estimated data.
30
Brunei Darussalam
Region South-eastern Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bandar Seri Begawan (64)
Currency dollar
Employment in industrial sector (%) ... 21.4 b
Employment in agricultural sector (%) ... 1.4 b
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 24.3 25.6 cd
Exports 4144.3 Japan 41 Malaysia 20
Imports 1243.6 Korea Rep. 11 Singapore 20
Thailand 9 USA 11
a October 2006. b 2001. c 2004. d Estimate. e 2003. f Bandar Seri Begawan.
31
Bulgaria
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Sofia (1093)
Currency lev
Tourist arrivals (000s) g 2785 4630 h
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 42.9 44.2 i
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 52.4 55.3 h
Exports 11725.1 Italy 12 Germany 14
Imports 18180.3 Turkey 10 Italy 9
Germany 10 Turkey 6
a October 2006. b May 2006. c August 2006. d Dec. of each year. e Men aged 16 to
60 years, women aged 16 to 55 years. f Men aged 16 to 62.5 years, women aged 16
to 57 years. g Excluding children without own passports. h 2004. i 2003. j Provisional.
k Source: UNFCCC. l Sofia.
32
Burkina Faso
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Ouagadougou (926)
Currency CFA franc
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 9 9f
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) g 4.3 4.0 h
Exports 396.5 Ghana 61 Côte d'Ivoire 18
Côte d'Ivoire 4 Japan 13
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Ouagadougou. d July 2006. e 2001. f 2004. g Source:
World Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois). h 2003.
i Estimated data. j Provisional.
33
Burundi
Region Eastern Africa
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bujumbura (447)
Currency franc
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 14.0 c ...
Tourist arrivals (000s) d 29 36 e
Exports 82.7 Switzerland 56 Kenya 15
Imports 172.7 Belgium 10 Japan 14
Untd Arab Em 7 Belgium 12
Parliamentary seats (women and men, % of total) k 31/69
a Official rate. b October 2006. c 1999, Bujumbura. d Including nationals residing
abroad. e 2001. f 2004. g Source: World Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck
International (Illinois). h 2003. i Estimated data. j Provisional. k 1993.
34
Cambodia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Phnom-Penh (1364)
Currency riel
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 76.3 81.6 e
Employment in industrial sector (%) 8.4 10.5 e
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 73.7 70.2 e
Internet users, estimated (000s) 6.0 41.0 f
Exports 2797.5 USA 47 China, HK SAR 20
Imports 2062.7 China, HK SAR 22 China 17
Germany 8 Thailand 11
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 13 g
Precipitation (mm) 1636 i
a June 2006. b Phnom Penh. c July 2006. d Persons aged 10 years and over. e 2001.
f 2004. g Estimated data. h Provisional. i Phnom Penh-Pochentong.
35
Cameroon
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Douala (1761)
Currency CFA franc
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 61.5 e 66.1 f
Employment in industrial sector (%) 9.1 h ...
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 60.6 h ...
Exports 2447.0 Spain 19 Nigeria 22
Imports 2737.4 Italy 13 France 19
France 12 China 5
a Official rate. b October 2006. c March 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over.
e 1996. f 2001. g 2004. h 1990. i 2003. j Estimated data. k Provisional. l Yaounde.
36
Canada
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Toronto (5312)
Currency dollar
Industrial production index (1995=100) c 126 129 d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 19622 26555
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) h 571.2 583.6
Imports 314436.0 Japan 2 China 8
UK 2 Japan 4
a October 2006. b July 2006. c Monthly indices are adjusted for differences in the
number of working days. d August 2006. e Persons aged 15 years and over, excl.
residents of the territories and indigenous persons living on reserves. f Excl. full-time
members of the armed forces. g 2004. h Including vehicles operated by police or other
governmental security organizations. i Provisional. j Source: UNFCCC. k Toronto.
37
Cape Verde
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Praia (117)
Currency escudo
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 37.7 f ...
Exports 15.2 Portugal 80 Portugal 38
... Netherlands 8
Precipitation (mm) 70 h
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) h 23.5/5.8
a Official rate. b August 2006. c July 2006. d 2003. e 2004. f 1999. g Estimated data.
h Sal.
38
Cayman Islands
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) George Town (26)
Currency dollar
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) b ... 0.81 c
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 2407 j
a 2005. b Data refer to non-commercial rates derived from the Operational Rates of
Exchange for United Nations Programmes. c November 2006. d March 2006. e 2004.
f 1999. g 2003. h 2002. i 1989. j Estimated data.
39
Central African Republic
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bangui (541)
Currency CFA franc
Tourist arrivals (000s) 11 6e
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) f 3.1 3.0 g
Exports 469.5 Belgium 29 ...
Imports 186.5 France 19 ...
Switzerland 14 ...
Foreign born (%) 1.6 h
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 22 h
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Excluding rent, Bangui. d May 2006. e 2004. f Source:
World Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois). g 2002.
h Estimated data. i Provisional.
40
Chad
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) N'Djamena (888)
Currency CFA franc
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 4j
a Official rate. b October 2006. c N'Djamena. d May 2006. e 2003. f 1993. g 2004.
h Provisional. i 1999. j Estimated data.
41
Chile
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Santiago (5683)
Currency peso
Industrial production index (1995=100) e 130 157 d
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) f 8.3 6.9
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 131.2 140.2 g
Internet users, estimated (000s) 2537.3 4300.0 g
Exports 38595.6 USA 16 Argentina 16
Imports 29857.2 Japan 12 USA 16
China 11 Brazil 13
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c Santiago. d August 2006. e Calculated by the
Statistics Division of the United Nations from component national indices. f Persons
aged 15 years and over. g 2004. h Provisional.
42
China a
Region Eastern Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Shanghai (14503)
Currency yuan
Employment in industrial sector (%) 17.3 17.7 i
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 46.3 44.1 i
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) j 100 118 g
Food production index (1999-2001=100) j 100 118 g
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 10.2 k 20.1 g
Exports 761953.4 USA 21 Japan 15
Imports 659952.8 China, HK SAR 16 Korea Rep. 12
Japan 11 China 8
Foreign born (%) <l
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 2.1 n
a For statistical purposes the data for China do not include those for Hong Kong
Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR), Macao Special Administrative Re-
gion (Macao SAR) and Taiwan Province of China, except in statistics relating to
population of Taiwan Province. b Principal rate. c October 2006. d July 2006. e Un-
employed in urban areas, persons aged 15 years and over. f Dec. of each year. g 2004.
h 1995. i 2002. j Data generally include those for Taiwan Province of China. k 1998.
l Estimated data. m Provisional. n 1999. o Beijing.
43
China, Hong Kong SAR a
Region Eastern Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Hong Kong (7041)
Currency dollar
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 49.1 51.9 h
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) ... 72.0 ij
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) k 58.9 53.9
Internet users, estimated (000s) k 1855.2 3526.2
Exports 292118.7 China 45 China 45
Imports 300160.4 USA 16 Japan 11
Japan 5 Singapore 6
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR g 3031
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) k 549
Intentional homicides (per 100,000 inhabitants) 1j
a Pursuant to a Joint Declaration signed on 19 December 1984, the United Kingdom
restored Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China with effect from 1 July 1997;
the People's Republic of China resumed the exercise of sovereignty over the territory
with effect from that date. b October 2006. c August 2006. d Calculated by the Sta-
tistics Division of the United Nations from component national indices. e 2nd quarter
2006. f Persons aged 15 years and over, excluding marine, military and institutional
populations. g Provisional. h 2004. i 2003. j Hong Kong Census and Statistics De-
partment. k Year beginning 1 April. l Hong Kong.
44
China, Macao SAR a
Region Eastern Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Macao (460)
Currency pataca
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) e 6.8 4.1
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 2739 f 4163 g
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 126.3 150.9 gh
Imports 3477.8 China 14 China, HK SAR 11
Germany 8 Japan 10
Intentional homicides (per 100,000 inhabitants) 4 ij
Threatened species 5g
a Pursuant to a Joint Declaration signed on 13 April 1987, Portugal restored Macao
to the People's Republic of China with effect from 20 December 1999; the People's
Republic of China resumed the exercise of sovereignty over the territory with effect
from that date. b Data refer to non-commercial rates derived from the Operational
Rates of Exchange for United Nations Programmes. c October 2006. d August 2006.
e Persons aged 14 years and over. f 2002. g 2004. h Including special-purpose vehicles.
i Based on 30 or fewer deaths. j 1994. k Macao.
45
Colombia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bogotá (7747)
Currency peso
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 20.5 g 11.8 h
Tourist arrivals (000s) 557 791 i
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 74.0 74.3 i
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 28.8 j 54.8 i
Imports 21204.2 Venezuela 10 Mexico 8
Ecuador 6 China 8
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 78 k
Foreign born (%) 0.3 l
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c Low income group. d July 2006. e Manufacturing.
f February 2006. g Persons aged 10 years and over. h Persons aged 12 years and over.
i 2004. j Source: World Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck International
(Illinois). k 2005. l Estimated data. m Provisional. n Bogota.
46
Comoros
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Moroni (44)
Currency franc
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 10.3 e ...
Exports 6.9 France 43 South Africa 54
Imports 71.9 USA 16 France 19
Singapore 16 Pakistan 7
Population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) 2.6 g
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 99 g
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 65/61 g
Total fertility rate 2000-2005 (births per woman) 4.9 g
Urban population (%) h 37
Rural population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) h 1.7
a 2005. b Official rate. c October 2006. d 2004. e 1987. f 2000. g Including Mayotte.
h Including island of Mayotte. i Estimated data. j Provisional. k Moroni.
47
Congo
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Brazzaville (1173)
Currency CFA franc
(million US$) h (% of exports) (% of imports) h
Exports 1722.0 ... Netherlands 38
Imports 681.5 ... France 28
... USA 10
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Brazzaville. d May 2006. e 2002. f 2004. g 2001.
h 2003. i Estimated data. j Provisional.
48
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Kinshasa (6049)
Currency franc congolais
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 4.2 d ...
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 0.1 <e
Foreign born (%) 1.5 f
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 1.0 h
a June 2006. b 2003. c 2004. d 1999. e 2002. f Estimated data. g Provisional. h 1985.
49
Cook Islands
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Avarua (13)
Currency New Zealand dollar
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) ... 65.2 f
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 64.9 g 81.8 f
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) ... 34.5 i
Exports 7.1 Japan 39 New Zealand 74
Imports 67.4 New Zealand 18 Australia 12
China 15 Japan 3
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 94 fj
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 74/21 ik
Total fertility rate 2000-2005 (births per woman) 2.9 kl
a 2005. b October 2006. c Rarotonga. d 2nd quarter 2006. e 2004. f 2001. g 1996.
h 2003. i 2002. j Refers to de facto population count. k Published by the Secretariat of
the Pacific Community. l 1996-2001. m Estimated data.
50
Costa Rica
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) San José (1217)
Currency colón
Imports 9173.3 China, HK SAR 7 Japan 6
Netherlands 6 Venezuela 5
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR h 11476 g
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) i 16.2/24.9
a October 2006. b Central area. c June 2006. d Calculated by the Statistics Division
of the United Nations from component national indices. e 2nd quarter 2006. f Persons
aged 12 years and over. g 2004. h Provisional. i San Jose.
51
Côte d'Ivoire
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Abidjan (3577)
Currency CFA franc
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –241 303 e
Tourist arrivals (000s) 301 f ...
(million US$) i (% of exports) i (% of imports) i
Exports 5493.4 France 19 France 33
Imports 3536.3 Netherlands 18 Nigeria 14
USA 7 UK 7
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 15 j
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Abidjan. d July 2006. e 2004. f 1998. g Source: World
Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois). h 2002. i 2003.
j 1998/99. k Estimated data. l Provisional.
52
Croatia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Zagreb (689)
Currency kuna
Imports 18560.4 Bosnia/Herzeg 14 Germany 15
Germany 11 Russian Fed. 9
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) h 23000/5.1
a October 2006. b April 2006. c June 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over. e 2004.
f Work vehicles are included. g Provisional. h Source: UNFCCC. i Zagreb.
53
Cuba
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Havana (2189)
Currency peso
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) a 5.4 1.9
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) ... 37.9 b
Employment in industrial sector (%) 19.1 19.4 b
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 27.1 21.2 b
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 3270 3948 b
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 0.9 2.1 bc
(million US$) b (% of exports) b (% of imports) b
Exports 2332.1 Netherlands 28 Venezuela 20
Imports 5609.6 Canada 21 Spain 11
Venezuela 16 China 11
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR d 739
a Men aged 17 to 60 years, women aged 17 to 55 years. b 2004. c Including specialized
enterprises only. d Provisional. e Havana.
54
Cyprus
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Nicosia (211)
Currency pound
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) fg 4.9 5.3
Employment in industrial sector (%) 23.3 24.0 h
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 5.3 4.8 h
Exports 1546.4 France 17 Greece 17
Imports 6382.1 UK 17 Italy 10
Greece 11 UK 9
a Official rate. b October 2006. c September 2006. d For government controlled areas.
e June 2006. f Persons aged 15 years and over, the data relate to the government-
controlled areas. g Second quarter of each year. h 2004. i Excluding 8,960 main lines
in the occupied areas. j Provisional. k Larnaca. l Lanarca airport.
55
Czech Republic
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Prague (1171)
Currency koruna
United Nations membership date 19 January 1993
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 368.0 g 416.6 fh
Imports 76527.3 Slovakia 9 Russian Fed. 6
Austria 6 Slovakia 5
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c September 2006. d August 2006. e Persons aged
15 years and over, excl. persons on child-care leave. f 2004. g Including vans.
h Including special-purpose commercial vehicles and farm tractors. i Provisional.
j Source: UNFCCC. k Prague.
56
Denmark
Region Northern Europe
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Copenhagen (1088)
Currency krone
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) fg 421.9 437.0 e
Imports 74265.1 Sweden 13 Sweden 14
UK 8 Netherlands 7
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 78 hi
a October 2006. b September 2006. c August 2006. d Persons aged 15 to 66 years.
e 2004. f Excluding Faeroe Islands. g Including vehicles operated by police or other
governmental security organizations. h For women aged 15-44 in union or married.
i 1988. j Provisional. k Source: UNFCCC. l Copenhagen.
57
Djibouti
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Djibouti (555)
Currency franc
Forested area (% of land area) <
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 158 f
a Official rate. b October 2006. c 2004. d 1991. e 1994. f Estimated data. g Provisional.
h Djibouti.
58
Dominica
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Roseau (14)
Currency EC dollar
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –53 –38 g
Employment in industrial sector (%) 18.2 i ...
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 23.7 i ...
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 3 3h
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) j 157.2 k ...
Exports 41.8 UK 17 USA 37
Imports 165.3 Jamaica 13 Trinidad Tbg 21
Antigua,Barb 11 UK 7
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 99 lm
Infant mortality rate 2000-2005 (per 1,000 births) 20 n
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 50 op
Foreign born (%) 4.8 q
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 5.5 e
Precipitation (mm) 2575 r
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) r 23.1/29.2
a 2005. b Official rate. c October 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over. e 1999.
f Estimates based on 2001 Population Census reults. g 2002. h 2004. i 1997. j Including
large public service excavators and trench diggers. k 1998. l Refers to de facto pop-
ulation count. m 2001. n Data tabulated by date of registration rather than occurrence.
o For women aged 15-44 in union or married. p 1987. q Estimated data. r Melville
Hall airport.
59
Dominican Republic
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Santo Domingo (2022)
Currency peso
Tourist arrivals (000s) fg 2978 3450 h
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c July 2006. d 2nd quarter 2006. e Persons aged 10
years and over. f Arrivals by air. g Including nationals residing abroad. h 2004. i 2002.
j Santo Domingo.
60
Ecuador
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Guayaquil (2387)
Currency dollar ab
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) c 1.00 1.00
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 921 –157 f
Imports 9608.7 Peru 9 Colombia 14
Panama 7 Brazil 7
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 44/56 k
a 2005. b Adopted US dollar as the national currency effective 15 September 2000.
c On 20 March 2000, the Central Bank of Ecuador started to exchange the existing
local currency (sucres) for U.S. dollars at the fixed exchange rate of 25,000 sucres per
U.S. dollar. d February 2006. e Persons aged 10 years and over, Nov. of each year.
f 2004. g Excluding nationals residing abroad. h 2003. i Estimated data. j Provisional.
k 1996. l Quito.
61
Egypt
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Cairo (11128)
Currency pound
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –971 3922 e
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 20.4 f 18.4 g
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 73.7 f 68.7 g
Exports 7912.8 Italy 12 USA 10
Imports 13331.8 USA 7 Germany 7
Spain 6 China 5
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 59 i
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 58/43 l
Intentional homicides (per 100,000 inhabitants) <
Precipitation (mm) 25 m
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) m 15.8/27.7
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c February 2006. d Persons aged 15 to 64 years,
January, April, July and October. e 2004. f 1999. g 2002. h 2003. i 2005. j 1986.
k Provisional. l 1996. m Cairo.
62
El Salvador
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) San Salvador (1517)
Currency colón
Tourist arrivals (000s) h 795 966 g
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 44.5 i 44.1 g
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 78.8 i 77.5 g
Exports 1657.6 Guatemala 25 USA 29
Imports 5380.3 USA 20 Guatemala 10
Honduras 15 Mexico 10
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 67 jk
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c Urban areas. d July 2006. e 2nd quarter 2006.
f Persons aged 10 years and over. g 2004. h Excluding nationals residing abroad. i 1999.
j 2002/03. k For women aged 15-44 in union or married. l Estimated data. m Provi-
sional. n San Salvador.
63
Equatorial Guinea
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Malabo (96)
Currency CFA franc
Foreign born (%) 0.3 e
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR f –
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 957 e
a Official rate. b October 2006. c April 2005. d 2004. e Estimated data. f Provisional.
64
Eritrea
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Asmara (551)
Currency nakfa
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –105 ...
Employment in industrial sector (%) 18.7 e ...
Exports 6.6 Sudan 20 USA 16
Imports 432.8 Italy 12 Untd Arab Em 12
Singapore 12 Italy 12
a Official rate. b September 2006. c Including nationals residing abroad. d 2004.
e 1984. f 2003. g Estimated data. h Provisional. i Asmara.
65
Estonia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Tallin (392)
Currency kroon
Tourist arrivals (000s) f 1220 1750 g
Exports 7710.3 Finland 27 Germany 14
Imports 10164.5 Sweden 13 Finland 14
Latvia 9 Russian Fed. 10
a Official rate. b October 2006. c September 2006. d August 2006. e Persons aged 15
to 74 years. f Arrivals of non-resident tourists at national borders (excluding same-
day visitors). g 2004. h For women aged 20-49 in union or married. i 1994. j Provisional.
k Source: UNFCCC. l Tallinn.
66
Ethiopia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Addis Ababa (2893)
Currency birr
Consumer price index (2000=100) c 107 112 de
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) f ... 5.0
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 13 –668 g
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 71.9 h 57.3 g
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 89.7 h 70.6 g
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) j 1.6 h 1.7 k
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) l 0.4 0.8
Internet users, estimated (000s) l 10.0 164.0
(million US$) m (% of exports) m (% of imports) m
Exports 512.7 Djibouti 19 USA 14
Imports 2685.9 Germany 11 China 12
Japan 9 Italy 9
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR n 101173
a Official rate. b June 2006. c Base: 2001=100. d April 2005. e Addis Ababa. f Persons
aged 10 years and over, March. g 2004. h 1999. i 1994. j Data refer to fiscal years
ending 7 July. k 2002. l Year ending 30 June. m 2003. n Provisional.
67
Fiji
Region Oceania-Melanesia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Greater Suva (219)
Currency dollar
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) d 5.4 e ...
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 126.3 i 164.1 g
Exports 701.7 Australia 20 Singapore 30
Imports 1607.3 Singapore 20 Australia 25
USA 15 New Zealand 18
a Official rate. b September 2006. c 1st quarter 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and
over. e 1995. f Excluding nationals residing abroad. g 2004. h 1996. i 1998. j 1986.
k Estimated data. l Suva.
68
Finland
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Helsinki (1091)
Currency euro a
Population in 2006 (proj., 000s) 5262 b
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) 1.07 0.79 c
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) g 55.0 40.4
Exports 65238.3 Russian Fed. 11 Germany 15
Imports 58472.5 Sweden 11 Russian Fed. 14
Germany 10 Sweden 10
Population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) 0.3 b
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 104 b
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 82/75 b
Total fertility rate 2000-2005 (births per woman) 1.7 b
Urban population (%) b 61
Rural population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) b 0.3
a Prior to 1 January 1999, markka. b Including Åland Islands. c September 2006.
d August 2006. e Persons aged 15 to 74 years. f 2004. g Telephone subscribers . h For
women aged 25-49 in union or married. i 1989. j Provisional. k Source: UNFCCC.
l Helsinki-Vantaa.
69
France
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Paris (9820)
Currency euro a
GDP (million current US$) h 1327962 2126578
GDP (per capita current US$) h 21776 34128
Employment in industrial sector (%) 30.1 i 24.6 g
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 6.4 i 4.0 g
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) j 47939 47450 g
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 573.5 492.9 gk
(million US$) j (% of exports) j (% of imports) j
Imports 475999.3 Spain 10 Italy 9
Italy 9 Belgium 8
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 75 lm
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) p 408160/6.8 q
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) j 2811
Precipitation (mm) 650 r
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) r 8.5/15.5
a Prior to 1 January 1999, franc. b Sept. 2006. c July 2006. d August 2006. e Persons
aged 15 years and over. f Excluding nationals residing abroad. g 2004. h Including
French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Reunion. i 1989. j Including Monaco.
k Passenger vehicles only. l For women aged 20-49 in union or married. m 1994.
n Estimated data. o Provisional. p Source: UNFCCC. q Including territories. r Paris.
70
French Guiana
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Cayenne (59)
Currency euro a
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) 1.07 0.79 bc
Tourist arrivals (000s) 65 f 65 g
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) j 272.7 257.9 g
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 30.7 30.2 kl
a Prior to 1 January 1999, French franc. b November 2006. c Data refer to non-com-
mercial rates derived from the Operational Rates of Exchange for United Nations
Programmes. d August 2006. e Persons aged 15 years and over, June of each year.
f 2001. g 2002. h 1999. i 2004. j Source: World Automotive Market Report, Auto and
Truck International (Illinois). k Estimate. l 2003. m Estimated data. n Rochambeau.
71
French Polynesia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Papeete (130)
Currency CFP franc
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) c 121.12 ab 93.79 d
Consumer price index (2000=100) 100 109 e
Tourist arrivals (000s) f 252 g 212 hi
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 10 8i
Exports 210.3 Japan 28 France 35
Imports 1701.5 China, HK SAR 28 USA 10
USA 14 Singapore 9
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 8.9 k
a 2002. b September 2002. c Data refer to non-commercial rates derived from the
Operational Rates of Exchange for United Nations Programmes. d November 2006.
e August 2006. f Excluding nationals residing abroad. g Arrivals of non-resident tourists
at national borders. Excluding nationals residing abroad. The figure of 252,200 has
been estimated by the 'Institut de la Statistique (ISPF)'. Due to problems of E/D card
distributions, the brekdown by country of origin could not be elaborated. h Arrivals
of non-resident tourists at national borders (excluding same-day visitors). i 2004.
j Estimated data. k 1984. l 1995. m Tahiti.
72
Gabon
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Libreville (556)
Currency CFA franc
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) e 18.0 f ...
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 1001 575 g
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 29.5 j ...
Exports 2780.0 USA 49 France 41
Imports 964.9 France 9 Belgium 11
China 6 USA 5
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Libreville. d June 2006. e Persons aged 10 years and
over. f 1993. g 2003. h Arrivals of non-resident tourists at Libreville airport. i 2004.
j 1995. k Provisional. l 1999.
73
Gambia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Banjul (381)
Currency dalasi
Tourist arrivals (000s) d 79 90 c
Internet users, estimated (000s) g 12.0 49.0 c
Exports 5.1 Guinea 45 Côte d'Ivoire 13
Imports 259.6 UK 18 Germany 12
Senegal 10 Denmark 11
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) g 15
a July 2006. b Banjul,Kombo,St.Mary. c 2004. d Charter tourist only. e 1993. f 1995.
g Year beginning 1 April. h Provisional. i Estimated data. j Banjul.
74
Georgia
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Tbilisi (1047)
Currency lari
United Nations membership date 31 July 1992
Imports 2490.9 Turkey 14 Turkey 11
Azerbaijan 10 Azerbaijan 9
a Official rate. b October 2006. c 5 cities. d February 2006. e Persons aged 15 years
and over. f 2004. g 2005. h For women aged 15-44 in union or married. i Provisional.
j Tbilisi.
75
Germany
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Berlin (3389)
Currency euro a
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) f 7.9 g 11.1
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 520.3 587.2 hi
Imports 776843.0 USA 9 Netherlands 8
UK 8 USA 6
Rural population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) –<
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) n 865370/10.5
a Prior to 1 January 1999, deutsche mark. b September 2006. c July 2006. d Monthly
indices are adjusted for differences in the number of working days. e August 2006.
f Persons aged 15 years and over. g May. h 2004. i Beginning 2001, data refer to fiscal
years ending 1 January. j For women aged 20-39 in union or married. k 1992. l Esti-
mated data. m Provisional. n Source: UNFCCC. o Berlin.
76
Ghana
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Accra (1981)
Currency cedi
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 76.7 ...
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 10.7 10.2 e
(million US$) d (% of exports) d (% of imports) d
Exports 1779.1 Netherlands 25 China 9
Imports 4073.9 UK 13 USA 9
Belgium 7 Germany 8
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR f 59034
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 4.2 g
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c Including nationals residing abroad. d 2004. e 2003.
f Provisional. g 1999. h Accra.
77
Greece
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Athens (3230)
Currency euro a
Tourist arrivals (000s) fg 13096 13969 h
UK 7 Russian Fed. 8
a Prior to 1 January 2001, drachma. b September 2006. c July 2006. d August 2006.
e Persons aged 15 years and over, second quarter of each year. f Data based on
surveys. g Arrivals of non-resident tourists at national borders (excluding same-day
visitors). h 2003. i 2004. j Provisional. k Source: UNFCCC. l Athens.
78
Grenada
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) St George's (32)
Currency EC dollar
Internet users, estimated (000s) 4.1 19.0 h
Imports 250.5 Netherlands 16 Trinidad Tbg 19
Belgium 8 UK 7
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 103 gi
Infant mortality rate 2000-2005 (per 1,000 births) 17 j
Urban population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) <
a 2005. b Official rate. c October 2006. d 2002. e 2004. f 1998. g 2001. h 2003. i Refers
to de facto population count. j Data tabulated by date of registration rather than
occurrence. k For women aged 15-44 in union or married. l 1990. m Estimated data.
n 1995.
79
Guadeloupe
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Pointe-à-Pitre (19)
Currency euro a
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) 1.07 0.79 bc
Tourist arrivals (000s) 603 f 456 gh
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 63.8 i ...
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) j 347.0 340.7 k
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 48.0 48.7 lm
a Prior to 1 January 1999, French franc. b November 2006. c Data refer to non-com-
mercial rates derived from the Operational Rates of Exchange for United Nations
Programmes. d June 2006. e Persons aged 15 years and over, June of each year.
f Arrivals of non-resident tourists in all types of accommodation establishments. Air
arrivals. Excluding the north islands (Saint Martin and Saint Barthelemy). g Arrivals
of non-resident tourists in all types of accommodation establishments. Air arrivals.
Air arrivals in hotels only. Excluding the north islands (Saint Martin and Saint Bar-
thelemy). h 2004. i 1999. j Source: World Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck
International (Illinois). k 2002. l Estimate. m 2003. n Estimated data. o Le Raizet.
80
Guam
Region Oceania-Micronesia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Hagåtña (144)
Currency US dollar
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) b 5.5 c ...
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 48.0 50.9 af
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 59/41 i
a 2003. b Persons aged 16 years and over. c 1993. d 2004. e 2002. f Estimate.
g Estimated data. h 1985. i 1995.
81
Guatemala
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Guatemala City (984)
Currency quetzal
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 23.4 g ...
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 74.1 g ...
Imports 10499.5 El Salvador 12 Mexico 9
Honduras 7 China 7
a October 2006. b Guatemala. c August 2006. d Persons aged 10 years and over.
e 2003. f 2004. g 1999. h 2002. i Estimated data. j Provisional. k Guatemala City.
82
Guinea
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Conakry (1425)
Currency franc
Tourist arrivals (000s) 33 e 45 d
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 4.8 fg ...
Imports 666.5 Ireland 10 Côte d'Ivoire 15
Spain 10 USA 8
a June 2006. b Conakry. c April 2006. d 2004. e Air arrivals at Conakry Airport. f Source:
AAMA Motor Vehicle Facts and Figures, American Automobile Manufacturers As-
sociation (Michigan). g 1995. h 2002. i Estimated data. j Provisional. k Conakry/
Gbessia.
83
Guinea-Bissau
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bissau (367)
Currency CFA franc
Consumer price index (2000=100) c ... 107 de
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –27 f –6 g
Tourist arrivals (000s) 8f ...
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 6.0 ij ...
Precipitation (mm) n 1756 e
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Base: 2003=100. d June 2006. e Bissau. f 2001.
g 2003. h 2004. i Source: AAMA Motor Vehicle Facts and Figures, American Automobile
Manufacturers Association (Michigan). j 1992. k Estimated data. l Provisional. m 1999.
n January to November only.
84
Guyana
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Georgetown (134)
Currency dollar
Tourist arrivals (000s) 105 122 ef
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 103.3 102.7 ij
Exports 538.7 UK 20 Trinidad Tbg 33
Imports 778.1 Canada 16 USA 31
USA 15 UK 4
a Principal rate. b September 2006. c Georgetown. d March 2006. e 2004. f Arrivals
to Timehri airport only. g 1993. h 1997. i Source: World Automotive Market Report,
Auto and Truck International (Illinois). j 2002. k Estimated data.
85
Haiti
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Port-au-Prince (2129)
Currency gourde
Industrial production index (1995=100) d 118 138
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 50.6 i ...
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 19.8 i ...
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR 2
a Principal rate. b June 2006. c May 2006. d Manufacturing. e Persons aged 10 years
and over. f 1998. g 2003. h 2004. i 1999. j Estimated data. k 1990.
86
Honduras
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Tegucigalpa (927)
Currency lempira
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) d 3.7 e 4.1
Employment in industrial sector (%) 22.0 e 20.9
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 35.1 e 39.2
Imports 4565.2 El Salvador 7 Guatemala 8
Germany 6 Mexico 6
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c June 2006. d Persons aged 10 years and over,
March. e 1999. f 2004. g For women aged 15-44 in union or married. h Estimated data.
i Provisional. j Tegucigalpa.
87
Hungary
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Budapest (1693)
Currency forint
Imports 66741.3 Austria 6 Russian Fed. 7
Italy 5 China 7
to 74 years. f 2004. g For women aged 18-41 in union or married. h 1992. i Provisional.
j Source: UNFCCC. k Budapest.
88
Iceland
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Reykjavik (185)
Currency króna
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) g 639.9 726.5
Exports 3090.5 UK 18 Germany 14
Imports 4978.9 Germany 16 USA 9
Netherlands 13 Sweden 8
a Official rate. b October 2006. c September 2006. d Persons aged 16 to 74 years,
April and Nov. of each year. e 2004. f 2002. g Excluding tractors and semi-trailer
combinations. h Year ending 30 September. i Estimated data. j Provisional. k Source:
UNFCCC. l Reykjavik.
89
India
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bombay (18196)
Currency rupee
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 4.3 e ...
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –4601 6853 f
Internet users, estimated (000s) j 5500.0 60000.0
Exports 103404.2 USA 17 ...
Imports 149750.0 Untd Arab Em 8 ...
China 7 ...
a October 2006. b Industrial workers. c July 2006. d August 2006. e January. f 2003.
g Excluding nationals residing abroad. h 2004. i 1995. j Year beginning 1 April.
k Estimated data. l Provisional. m New Delhi.
90
Indonesia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Jakarta (13215)
Currency rupiah
Exports 85659.9 Japan 21 Singapore 16
Imports 57700.9 USA 12 Japan 12
Singapore 9 China 10
a October 2006. b July 2006. c Manufacturing. d 1st quarter 2006. e Persons aged 15
years and over, May of each year. f 2002. g 2004. h 1999. i 2003. j 2002/03. k Estimated
data. l Provisional. m Jakarta.
91
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Teheran (7314)
Currency rial
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 12481 ...
Employment in industrial sector (%) 30.7 g 30.4
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 23.0 g 24.9
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) h 23.0 29.2 e
Exports 60012.0 ... Untd Arab Em 19
Imports 38674.7 ... Germany 13
... France 7
a Official rate. b October 2006. c April 2006. d Persons aged 10 years and over.
e 2002. f 2004. g 1996. h Source: World Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck
International (Illinois). i Year beginning 22 March. j 1986. k Provisional. l Tehran.
92
Iraq
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Baghdad (5904)
Currency dinar
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) c ... 26.8 d
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) ... 6.0 d
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) ... 69.1 d
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 43.9 f 41.4 g
Internet users, estimated (000s) 12.5 e 36.0 d
a Principal rate. b July 2006. c Persons aged 15 years and over. d 2004. e 2001.
f Source: United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA).
g 2002. h Households of nationals of the country. i 1989. j Provisional. k 1988.
93
Ireland
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Dublin (1037)
Currency euro a
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 408.1 447.3 gh
Exports 109993.7 USA 19 UK 31
Imports 70292.4 UK 17 USA 14
Belgium 15 Germany 8
a Prior 1 January 1999, pound. b September 2006. c August 2006. d Persons aged 15
years and over, March-May of each year. e Including tourists from North Ireland.
f 2004. g 2003. h Data refer to fiscal years ending 30 September. i Year beginning 1
April. j Provisional. k Source: UNFCCC. l Dublin.
94
Israel
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Tel Aviv-Jaffa (3012)
Currency new sheqel
Imports 45032.3 Belgium 9 Belgium 10
China, HK SAR 6 Germany 7
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 68 hij
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) l 354
a October 2006. b June 2006. c April 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over.
e Excluding nationals residing abroad. f 2004. g 2003. h For women aged 18-39 in union
or married. i 1987/88. j Data refers to the Jewish population. k Provisional. l Data
prior to 1986 refer to year beginning 1 April. m Tel Aviv.
95
Italy
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Rome (3348)
Currency euro a
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) i 25134 22222 h
USA 8 Netherlands 5
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) l 487280/8.4 i
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) i 3108
a Prior to 1 January 1999, lire. b September 2006. c Excluding tobacco. d May 2006.
e August 2006. f Persons aged 15 years and over. g Excluding seasonal and border
workers. h 2004. i Including San Marino. j Estimated data. k Provisional. l Source:
UNFCCC. m Milan. n Rome.
96
Jamaica
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Kingston (576)
Currency dollar
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) c 15.5 10.9
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 56.5 f 55.3 e
Internet users, estimated (000s) 80.0 1067.0 e
Imports 3817.2 Canada 19 Trinidad Tbg 13
China 12 Japan 5
a October 2006. b May 2006. c Persons aged 14 years and over. d Arrivals of non-
resident tourists by air. Including nationals residing abroad. E/D cards. e 2004. f 1999.
g Source: World Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois).
h 2001. i Kingston.
97
Japan
Region Eastern Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Tokyo (35197)
Currency yen
Imports 515866.4 China 13 USA 13
Korea Rep. 8 Saudi Arabia 6
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) i 1259430/9.9
a October 2006. b August 2006. c July 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over.
e Excluding nationals residing abroad. f 2004. g Estimated data. h Provisional. i Source:
UNFCCC. j Tokyo.
98
Jordan
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Amman (1292)
Currency dinar
Exports 4278.7 USA 26 Saudi Arabia 24
Imports 10454.6 Iraq 17 China 9
India 8 Germany 8
a Official rate. b October 2006. c June 2006. d August 2006. e 2004. f 2003. g Estimated
data. h Provisional. i 1999. j Amman.
99
Kazakhstan
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Almaty (1156)
Currency tenge
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 64.9 g 64.8 f
Employment in industrial sector (%) 16.3 e 17.4 f
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 35.5 e 33.5 f
Exports 19938.6 Switzerland 19 Russian Fed. 37
Imports 12635.8 Italy 16 Germany 8
Russian Fed. 14 China 6
a Official rate. b October 2006. c February 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over.
e 2001. f 2004. g 2002. h 1989. i Provisional. j Almaty.
100
Kenya
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Nairobi (2773)
Currency shilling
Internet users, estimated (000s) h 100.0 1111.0
Exports 2683.2 Uganda 18 Untd Arab Em 11
Imports 4563.5 UK 11 South Africa 10
Netherlands 8 Saudi Arabia 9
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Nairobi. d February 2006. e 2004. f 1999. g Year
beginning 30 June. h Year ending 30 June. i Estimated data. j Provisional. k Nairobi/
Dagoretti.
101
Kiribati
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Tarawa (47)
Currency Australian dollar
Tourist arrivals (000s) c 5 3d
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 4.0 5.1 de
Exports 3.6 ... Australia 36
Imports 74.0 ... Fiji 21
... Japan 17
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 67/58 f
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Air arrivals, Tarawa and Christmas Island. d 2004.
e Estimate. f 2000. g Estimated data.
102
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of
Region Eastern Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Pyongyang (3351)
Currency won
Tourist arrivals (000s) 128 d ...
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 62 f
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 51/49 h
a Introduced a new exchange rate system in 2002. b Data refer to non-commercial
rates derived from the Operational Rates of Exchange for United Nations Programmes.
c October 2006. d 1997. e 2004. f 1990/92. g Estimated data. h 1998. i Pyongyang.
103
Korea, Republic of
Region Eastern Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Seoul (9645)
Currency won
Exports 284418.2 China 22 Japan 19
Imports 261235.6 USA 15 China 15
Japan 8 USA 12
a October 2006. b September 2006. c August 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over.
e Estimates based on the 2000 Population Census results. f Including nationals re-
siding abroad and crew members. g 2004. h Telephone subscribers . i Provisional.
j Seoul.
104
Kuwait
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Kuwait City (1810)
Currency dinar
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 14672 18884 f
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) h 116771 135111 f
(million US$) i (% of exports) (% of imports) i
Exports 16164.5 ... USA 11
Imports 7869.0 ... Germany 10
... Japan 10
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) h 10559
a Official rate. b October 2006. c May 2006. d 31st December of each year. e 2002.
f 2004. g 1995. h Part Neutral Zone. i 2001. j 1985. k Provisional. l Kuwait.
105
Kyrgyzstan
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bishkek (798)
Currency som
Tourist arrivals (000s) 59 398 fg
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) ... 55.3 e
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) ... 74.0 e
Exports 672.0 Untd Arab Em 26 Russian Fed. 34
Imports 1107.8 Russian Fed. 20 Kazakhstan 16
Kazakhstan 17 China 9
a Official rate. b October 2006. c August 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over,
Nov. e 2002. f 2004. g New data source: Department of Customs Control. h Passenger-
cars only. i Provisional. j Bishkek.
106
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Vientiane (702)
Currency kip
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –8 –82 b
a June 2006. b 2001. c 2004. d 1995. e Estimated data. f Vientiane.
107
Latvia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Riga (729)
Currency lats
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 14.4 e 8.7 f
Exports 5302.7 Lithuania 11 Germany 14
Imports 8770.5 Estonia 10 Lithuania 13
Germany 10 Russian Fed. 9
years and over. f Persons aged 15 to 74 years. g Non-resident departures. Survey of
persons crossing the state border. h 2004. i Provisional. j Source: UNFCCC. k Riga.
108
Lebanon
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Beirut (1777)
Currency pound
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –4385 b –1881
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) e 432.9 429.1 f
Exports 1745.6 Iraq 15 Italy 10
Imports 9396.5 Switzerland 11 France 8
Syria 8 Germany 8
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) i 52/48
a October 2006. b 2002. c Excluding Syrian nationals. d 2004. e Source: United Nations
Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA). f 2001. g Estimated
data. h Provisional. i East Bank only. j Beirut.
109
Lesotho
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Maseru (172)
Currency loti
Employment in industrial sector (%) 15.2 e ...
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 56.5 e ...
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 11.4 g ...
Exports 358.0 USA 44 South Africa 77
Imports 799.6 South Africa 42 China, HK SAR 5
Canada 7 China 4
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) j 636/0.4 k
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c June 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over.
e 1997. f 2004. g 1987. h 2002. i Estimated data. j Source: UNFCCC. k 1994.
110
Liberia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Monrovia (936)
Currency dollar
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 17 d 17 e
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) f 9.8 9.3 e
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 0.2 0.2 cg
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 6i
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 4.9 l
a Principal rate. b September 2006. c 2004. d 1998. e 2002. f Source: World Automotive
Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois). g Estimate. h 2001. i 1986.
j Estimated data. k Provisional. l 1980.
111
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Tripoli (2098)
Currency dinar
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 7740 3705 c
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) d 137.0 138.3 e
Internet users, estimated (000s) 10.0 205.0 c
f
Imports 6317.6 c Germany 15 Monaco 13
Spain 15 Germany 12
a Official rate. b October 2006. c 2004. d Beginning 2000, excluding government
passenger-cars. e 2001. f 2000. g Estimated data. h Provisional. i 1986. j Tripoli.
112
Liechtenstein
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Vaduz (5)
Currency Swiss franc
Population aged 0-14 years (%) 18.1 g
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 103 hi
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) l 240/7.1
a 2005. b Data refer to non-commercial rates derived from the Operational Rates of
Exchange for United Nations Programmes. c October 2006. d 2004. e 2003. f 2002.
g De facto estimate. h Refers to de facto population count. i 2000. j Estimated data.
k Provisional. l Source: UNFCCC.
113
Lithuania
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Vilnius (553)
Currency litas
Imports 15704.4 Latvia 10 Germany 15
Germany 9 Poland 8
years and over. f 2004. g Excluding public call offices. h Provisional. i Source: UNFCCC.
j Vilnius.
114
Luxembourg
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Luxembourg (77)
Currency euro a
Consumer price index (2000=100) c 100 116 b
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) ... 94 f
Food production index (1999-2001=100) ... 94 f
Exports 12714.9 Germany 25 Belgium 34
Belgium 11 France 12
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR g 1822 f
a Prior to 1 January 1999, franc. b September 2006. c Excluding tobacco. d June 2006.
e Persons aged 16 to 64 years. f 2004. g Provisional. h 1999. i Source: UNFCCC.
j Luxembourg.
115
Madagascar
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Antananarivo (1585)
Currency ariary
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) ... 4.5 d
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) ... 79.2 e
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) ... 86.3 e
Employment in industrial sector (%) ... 6.7 d
Employment in agricultural sector (%) ... 78.0 d
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 4.8 h ...
Mauritius 6 Bahrain 9
a Introduced a new currency, Ariary (ISO Code MGA). 1.00 MGA is equivalent to 5.00
Madagascar Franc. Use of operatonal rate system began in 1 Jan 2005. b October
2006. c August 2006. d 2002. e 2003. f Arrivals of non-resident tourists by air. g 2004.
h 1998. i 2003/04. j Estimated data. k Antananarivo. l Antananarivo/Ivato.
116
Malawi
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Blantyre-Limbe (676)
Currency kwacha
Exports 495.5 South Africa 19 South Africa 33
Imports 1165.2 UK 12 Mozambique 13
USA 11 Zimbabwe 8
a Official rate. b September 2006. c April 2006. d 2002. e Departures. f 2004. g 1998.
h Estimated data. i Provisional. j Mzuzu.
117
Malaysia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Kuala Lumpur (1405)
Currency ringgit
Imports 114583.6 Singapore 16 USA 13
Japan 9 Singapore 12
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) i 55 j
a Official rate. b September 2006. c June 2006. d Persons aged 15 to 64 years. e 2003.
f 2004. g Including Singapore residents crossing the frontier by road through Johore
Causeway. h 2000. i The data refer only to Peninsular Malaysia. j 1994. k Provisional.
l Kuala Lumpur.
118
Maldives
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Male (89)
Currency rufiyaa
Tourist arrivals (000s) e 467 617 d
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 9.1 9.6 d
Internet users, estimated (000s) 6.0 19.0 d
Exports 154.2 Untd Arab Em 24 Singapore 24
Imports 744.9 Thailand 15 Untd Arab Em 16
Japan 15 India 11
a October 2006. b Male. c January 2006. d 2004. e Arrivals by air. f Estimated data.
119
Mali
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bamako (1368)
Currency CFA franc
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) i 4.3 4.2 j
Exports 982.7 South Africa 31 France 16
Imports 1360.1 Switzerland 20 Senegal 12
Senegal 6 Côte d'Ivoire 9
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Bamako. d June 2006. e Persons aged 14 years and
over. f 1997. g 2004. h Arrivals by air. i Source: World Automotive Market Report,
Auto and Truck International (Illinois). j 2001. k Estimated data. l Provisional. m 1999.
120
Malta
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Valletta (210)
Currency lira
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 28.3 f 29.6 e
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 80.8 g 69.7 e
Exports 2275.0 France 15 Italy 32
Imports 3660.5 USA 14 UK 11
Singapore 12 France 9
a Official rate. b October 2006. c July 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over. e 2004.
f 2001. g 1998. h Estimated data. i Provisional. j Year ending 30 September. k Luqa.
121
Marshall Islands
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Majuro (27)
Currency US dollar
Consumer price index (2000=100) b 100 107
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 30.9 c 25.4 d
Tourist arrivals (000s) e 5 9 fg
(million US$) (% of exports) (% of imports) i
Exports ... ... USA 61
Imports 68.2 i ... Japan 5
... Australia 2
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 69/59 kl
a 2005. b Majuro. c Persons aged 15 years and over, 1999. d Persons aged 16 years
and over, Labor force survey. e Arrivals by air. f Air and sea arrivals. g 2004. h 2003.
i 2000. j Refers to de facto population count. k 1999. l Published by the Secretariat
of the Pacific Community. m Estimated data. n Kwajalein.
122
Martinique
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Fort-de-France (91)
Currency euro a
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 44.7 44.5 hi
a Prior to 1 January 1999, French franc. b Data refer to non-commercial rates derived
from the Operational Rates of Exchange for United Nations Programmes. c November
2006. d June 2006. e Persons aged 15 years and over, June of each year. f 2004.
g 1995. h Estimate. i 2003. j Estimated data. k Le Lamentin.
123
Mauritania
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Nouakchott (637)
Currency ouguiya
Tourist arrivals (000s) 30 ...
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 3 3c
Exports 175.0 Japan 44 ...
Imports 1343.3 Spain 26 ...
Nigeria 6 ...
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 8f
a June 2006. b May 2006. c 2004. d Source: World Automotive Market Report, Auto
and Truck International (Illinois). e 2002. f 2000/01. g Estimated data. h Provisional.
124
Mauritius
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Port Louis (146)
Currency rupee
United Nations membership date 24 April 1968
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 9.8 d 9.6 e
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) a 102.6 132.6
Exports 2004.4 UK 32 China 10
Imports 3160.1 France 17 South Africa 9
USA 10 France 8
Population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) 1.0 a
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 101 a
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 76/69 a
Total fertility rate 2000-2005 (births per woman) 2.0 a
Urban population (%) a 42
Urban population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) a 0.8
Rural population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) a 1.1
a Including Agalega, Rodrigues and Saint Brandon. b October 2006. c April 2006.
d Persons aged 12 years and over, 1995. e Persons aged 15 years and over. f 2004.
g For women aged 15-44 in union or married. h Port Louis.
125
Mexico
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Mexico City (19411)
Currency peso
Imports 221819.0 Canada 2 China 8
Spain 1 Japan 6
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c May 2006. d Including construction. e June 2006.
f Persons aged 14 years and over, second quarter of each year. g Including nationals
residing abroad. h 2004. i 2002. j Lines in service. k Provisional. l Mexico City.
126
Micronesia, Federated States of
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Palikir (7)
Currency US dollar
Tourist arrivals (000s) a 21 19 b
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) c 141/1.3
a Arrivals in the States of Kosrae, Chuuk, Pohnpei and Yap; excluding FSM citizens.
b 2004. c Source: UNFCCC.
127
Moldova, Republic of
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Chisinau (598)
Currency leu
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 5 5g
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) ij 57.4 70.9
Exports 1091.3 Russian Fed. 32 Ukraine 21
Imports 2293.0 Italy 12 Russian Fed. 12
Romania 10 Romania 11
a Official rate. b October 2006. c June of each year. d April 2006. e Persons aged 15
years and over. f Excluding the regions of the left bank of the Dniestr and the munic-
ipality of Bender. g 2004. h 2002. i Including motor vehicles owned by enterprises
with main activity as road transport enterprises. j Excluding the data from the left
side of river Nistru and municipality Bender. k 1989. l Provisional. m Chisinau.
128
Monaco
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Monaco (35)
Currency euro a
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) b 7.58 0.79 cd
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) ... 102.8 e
Population aged 60+ years (women and men, % of total) 32.0/26.0 f
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) h 130/3.8
a Prior to 1 January 2002, French franc. b Data refer to non-commercial rates derived
from the Operational Rates of Exchange for United Nations Programmes. c October
2006. d Provisional. e 2004. f De jure. g Estimated data. h Source: UNFCCC.
129
Mongolia
Region Eastern Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Ulan Bator (863)
Currency tugrik
Tourist arrivals (000s) f 137 301 e
Exports 1064.4 China 48 Russian Fed. 35
Canada 11 Japan 6
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) b ––14.5/15.4
a September 2006. b Ulan Bator. c June 2006. d 31st December of each year. e 2004.
f Excluding diplomats and foreign residents in Mongolia. g Estimated data.
130
Montenegro
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Podgorica (173) ab
Currency euro
Population in 2006 (proj., 000s) 620 bc
Surface area (square kms) 13812 b
Population density (per square km) 45 b
United Nations membership date 28 June 2006
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) 70.00 d 0.79 e
Consumer price index (2000=100) 100 267 f
Industrial production index (1995=100) g 102 116 h
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) gi 12.6 15.2 c
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) g 100 114 f
Food production index (1999-2001=100) g 100 114 f
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) g 162.7 162.9 f
Internet users, estimated (000s) g 847.0 c 1517.0 f
(million US$) fg (% of exports) fg (% of imports) fg
Exports 3801.3 Bosnia/Herzeg 17 Germany 13
Germany 9 Italy 10
Population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) –0.1 g
Population aged 0-14 years (%) g 18.3
Population aged 60+ years (women and men, % of total) g 21.0/16.3
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 101 g
Urban population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) g 0.2
Rural population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) g –0.3
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR k 487998 g
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) 282 g
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) g 50023/4.8
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) g 1451
a Estimate. b Statistical Office of Republic of Montenegro. c 2003. d Currency Dinar.
e October 2006. f 2004. g Including Serbia. h March 2006. i Oct. of each year, persons
aged 15 years and over. j The data refer to the former Yugoslavia, excluding the
Province of Kosovo and Metohija. k Provisional. l Podgorcia.
131
Morocco
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Casablanca (3138)
Currency dirham
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –501 922 g
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 30.3 i 27.3 j
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 79.3 i 77.4 j
Employment in industrial sector (%) 20.1 k 20.2 j
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 44.4 k 43.9 j
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) l 55.7 58.6 j
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) m 5.0 4.3
Internet users, estimated (000s) m 200.0 4600.0
Imports 20342.2 Spain 18 Spain 11
UK 6 Saudi Arabia 7
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 63 n
a Official rate. b October 2006. c June 2006. d Calculated by the Statistics Division
aged 15 years and over. g 2004. h Including nationals residing abroad. i 1999. j 2003.
k 2002. l Including special-purpose vehicles. m Including data for Western Sahara.
n 2003/04. o Provisional. p Casablanca.
132
Mozambique
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Maputo (1320)
Currency metical
Consumer price index (2000=100) d 100 195 e
Tourist arrivals (000s) 323 f 470 g
Exports 1783.0 ... ...
Imports 2408.2 ... ...
... ...
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 2.5 j
Precipitation (mm) 814 d
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) d 18.6/27.2
a As of 1 July 2006, Mozambique redenominates its currency, taking three zero's off.
1 MZN = 1,000 MZM. b Principal rate. c October 2006. d Maputo. e May 2006. f 2001.
g 2004. h Estimated data. i Provisional. j 1999.
133
Myanmar
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Yangon (4107)
Currency kyat
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –212 112 d
Tourist arrivals (000s) e 208 242 d
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 0.5 0.8 d
Internet users, estimated (000s) ... 31.5
a Official rate. b October 2006. c February 2006. d 2004. e Including tourist arrivals
through border entry points to Yangon. f 1998. g Estimated data. h Provisional.
i Yangon.
134
Namibia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Windhoek (289)
Currency dollar
Consumer price index (2000=100) c ... 118 d
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) e 33.8 ...
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 47.5 h 49.3 i
Internet users, estimated (000s) j 30.0 75.0 f
Imports 1427.9 Angola 25 Germany 2
Spain 13 Spain 1
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) l 81
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Base: 2002=100. d May 2006. e Persons aged 15 to
69 years. f 2004. g 2003. h 1999. i 2001. j From 1993, data refer to year ending 30
September. k Provisional. l Year ending 30 September.
135
Nauru
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Nauru (14)
Internet users, estimated (000s) ... 0.3 d
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 58/57 ef
Total fertility rate 2000-2005 (births per woman) 4.0 eg
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) 44 i
a Data refer to non-commercial rates derived from the Operational Rates of Exchange
for United Nations Programmes. b October 2006. c 2003. d 2001. e Published by the
Secretariat of the Pacific Community. f 2002. g 1997-2002. h Estimated data. i 1998.
136
Nepal
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Kathmandu (815)
Currency rupee
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 90.2 f 78.7 g
(million US$) j (% of exports) j (% of imports) j
Exports 652.7 India 52 India 53
China 3 Singapore 6
a Official rate. b October 2006. c 2004. d Including arrivals from India. e 1998. f 1999.
g 2001. h 1995. i 2002. j 2003. k Provisional. l Kathmandu.
137
Netherlands
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Amsterdam (1147)
Currency euro a
Imports 283172.0 Belgium 11 Belgium 10
France 9 USA 8
a Prior to 1 January 1999, guilder. b September 2006. c August 2006. d Monthly
indices are adjusted for differences in the number of working days. e Persons aged
15 to 64 years. f 2004. g 2003. h For women aged 18-42 in union or married. i 1993.
j Provisional. k Source: UNFCCC. l Amsterdam (Schiphol).
138
Netherlands Antilles
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Willemstad (125)
Currency guilder
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –51 –92 h
Tourist arrivals (000s) 672 i ...
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 98 88 j
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 98 88 j
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 37.2 37.2 jk
Internet users, estimated (000s) 2.0 l ...
Exports 1699.2 USA 22 Venezuela 60
Imports 2268.5 Venezuela 10 USA 13
Bahamas 8 Netherlands 8
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Curaçao. d July 2006. e Persons aged 15 years and
over, Curaçao. f October. g 2003, Oct. h 2004. i 2002. j 2003. k Estimate. l 1999.
139
New Caledonia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Noumea (149)
Currency CFP franc
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) c 121.12 ab 93.79 d
Consumer price index (2000=100) e 100 111 f
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 18.6 g ...
Exports 1113.9 Japan 18 France 32
Imports 1773.6 France 16 Singapore 15
Korea Rep. 13 Australia 9
a 2002. b September 2002. c Data refer to non-commercial rates derived from the
Operational Rates of Exchange for United Nations Programmes. d November 2006.
e Nouméa. f August 2006. g 1996. h Including nationals residing abroad. i 2004. j 1989.
k 1985. l 1995.
140
New Zealand
Region Oceania
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Auckland (1148)
Currency dollar
Industrial production index (1995=100) 105 114 b
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 57.6 59.9 d
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 73.7 74.5 d
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) e 613.8 619.0
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) f 47.5 45.1
Internet users, estimated (000s) f 1515.0 2754.0
Exports 21730.1 Australia 21 Australia 21
Japan 11 Japan 11
a October 2006. b 2nd quarter 2006. c Persons aged 15 years and over. d 2004. e Data
refer to fiscal years ending 31 March. f Year ending 30 June. Prior to 2000, year
beginning 1 April. g Provisional. h Year beginning 1 April. i Source: UNFCCC. j Auck-
land.
141
Nicaragua
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Managua (1165)
Currency gold córdoba
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 3.2 3.8 g
Imports 2520.1 El Salvador 14 Costa Rica 9
Honduras 8 Mexico 9
a Principal rate. b August 2006. c Base: 1999=100. d July 2006. e Persons aged 10
years and over. f 2002. g 2004. h 2001. i 2003. j Estimated data. k Provisional.
l Chinandega. m Juigalpa.
142
Niger
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Niamey (850)
Currency CFA franc
Consumer price index (2000=100) c 100 116 de
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) < 1.0 h
Imports 558.4 Nigeria 27 Côte d'Ivoire 13
Japan 15 China 9
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Excluding rent. d June 2006. e Niamey. f 2003.
g Arrivals in hotels only. h 2004. i Estimated data. j Provisional.
143
Nigeria
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Lagos (10886)
Currency naira
Imports 14892.5 India 10 UK 10
Brazil 7 Germany 7
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c Rural and urban areas. d 2003. e 2004. f 1995.
g 1997. h Estimated data. i Provisional. j Lagos.
144
Niue
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Alofi (1)
Currency New Zealand dollar
Population in 2006 (proj., 000s) 1a
Tourist arrivals (000s) d 2 3e
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 71/29 hi
Total fertility rate 2000-2005 (births per woman) 3.0 ij
a 2005. b October 2006. c 1st quarter 2006. d Arrivals by air; including Niueans residing
usually in New Zealand. e 2004. f 2003. g Refers to de facto population count. h 2001.
i Published by the Secretariat of the Pacific Community. j 1997-2001. k Estimated
data.
145
Northern Mariana Islands
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Saipan (75)
Currency US dollar
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 30.9 30.9 ef
a 2005. b Saipan. c 2004. d Arrivals by air. e Estimate. f 2002. g Refers to de facto
population count. h 2000. i Published by the Secretariat of the Pacific Community.
146
Norway
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Oslo (802)
Currency krone
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) g 3.4 4.6
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) a 220819 234210 h
(million US$) a (% of exports) a (% of imports) a
Exports 103759.2 UK 24 Sweden 14
Imports 55488.2 Germany 12 Germany 13
Netherlands 10 Denmark 7
Population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) 0.5 a
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 101 a
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 82/77 a
Total fertility rate 2000-2005 (births per woman) 1.8 a
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 74 ijk
Urban population (%) a 77
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) m 43220/9.4
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) a 7406
a Including Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands. b Official rate. c October 2006. d July
2006. e Monthly indices are adjusted for differences in the number of working days.
f August 2006. g Persons aged 16 to 74 years. h 2004. i Cohorts. j From a sample of
women born in 1945, 1950, 1955, 1960, 1965 or 1968. k 1988/89. l Provisional.
m Source: UNFCCC. n Oslo.
147
Oman
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Muscat (565)
Currency rial Omani
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) hi 191.9 172.5 f
Exports 20326.6 ... Untd Arab Em 26
Imports 8827.4 ... Japan 16
... Germany 7
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Muscat. d June 2006. e Arrivals of non-resident
tourists in hotels and similar establishments. f 2003. g 2004. h Excluding taxis. i Trucks
only. j Provisional.
148
Pakistan
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Karachi (11608)
Currency rupee
Exports 16050.2 USA 25 Saudi Arabia 11
Imports 25096.6 Untd Arab Em 8 Untd Arab Em 10
Afghanistan 7 China 9
a October 2006. b May 2006. c Calculated by the Statistics Division of the United
Nations from component national indices. d March 2006. e Persons aged 10 years
and over. f 2004. g 2002. h 2000/01. i Estimated data. j Provisional. k Islamabad.
149
Palau
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Koror (14)
Currency US dollar
Tourist arrivals (000s) b 58 95 c
Internet users, estimated (000s) 4.0 d 5.4 c
(million US$) (% of exports) (% of imports) e
Exports ... ... USA 33
Imports 123.2 e ... Japan 16
... Singapore 7
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 83 e
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 75/65 fg
Total fertility rate 2000-2005 (births per woman) 3.0 h
Parliamentary seats (women and men, % of total) ––/100
a 2005. b Air arrivals (Palau International Airport). c 2004. d 2002. e 2000. f Published
by the Secretariat of the Pacific Community. g 2001. h Data refer to a year between
1985 and 1990. i Estimated data.
150
Panama
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Panama City (1216)
Currency balboa
Consumer price index (2000=100) a ... 106 bc
Imports 4154.9 Spain 9 Neth.Antilles 11
Sweden 6 Costa Rica 5
a Base: 2003=100. b April 2006. c Urban areas. d Calculated by the Statistics Division
aged 15 years and over, Aug. of each year. g 2004. h Estimated data. i Provisional.
j Panama City.
151
Papua New Guinea
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Port Moresby (289)
Currency kina
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 2.8 ...
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 345 282 d
(million US$) c (% of exports) (% of imports) c
Exports 2260.2 ... Australia 56
Imports 1302.4 ... USA 9
... Singapore 7
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 35/65 j
a Official rate. b September 2006. c 2003. d 2001. e 2004. f Source: World Automotive
Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois). g 2002. h Estimated data.
i Provisional. j 1999.
152
Paraguay
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Asunción (1858)
Currency guaraní
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –163 20 f
Tourist arrivals (000s) 289 g 309 fh
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 48.4 i 53.5 j
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 85.5 i 85.3 j
Employment in industrial sector (%) 18.1 i 15.8 e
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 30.4 i 31.5 e
Exports 1625.7 Uruguay 28 Brazil 28
Imports 3097.4 Brazil 19 Argentina 21
Cayman Islands 12 China 16
a October 2006. b Asunción. c August 2006. d Persons aged 10 years and over. e 2003.
f 2004. g Arrivals of non-resident tourists at national borders. Excluding nationals
residing abroad and crew members. Inbound and outbound tourism survey - Central
Bank of Paraguay. h Arrivals of non-resident tourists at national borders. Excluding
nationals residing abroad and crew members. i 1999. j 2001. k Provisional.
153
Peru
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Lima (7186)
Currency new sol
Imports 12501.8 China 11 China 8
Chile 7 Brazil 8
a October 2006. b Lima. c July 2006. d August 2006. e Persons aged 14 years and
over, urban areas. f Oct., Metropolitan Lima. g Sept., Metropolitan Lima. h 2004.
i 2003. j Estimated data. k Provisional.
154
Philippines
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Metro Manila (10686)
Currency peso
Imports 46953.8 Japan 17 Japan 17
China 10 Singapore 8
a October 2006. b September 2006. c Persons aged 15 years and over, Oct. of each
year. d Including nationals residing abroad. e 2004. f Estimated data. g Provisional.
h Metro Manila.
155
Poland
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Warsaw (1680)
Currency zloty
Imports 101538.8 France 6 Russian Fed. 9
Italy 6 Italy 7
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 49 fg
Urban population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) <
a Official rate. b October 2006. c August 2006. d Persons aged 15 to 74 years. e 2004.
f For women aged 20-49 in union or married. g 1991. h Provisional. i Source: UNFCCC.
j Warsaw.
156
Portugal
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Lisbon (2761)
Currency euro a
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) i 683.4 767.2 h
Exports 38085.7 Spain 26 Spain 29
Germany 12 France 8
a Prior to 1 January 1999, escudo. b September 2006. c July 2006. d August 2006.
e Persons aged 15 years and over. f Excluding nationals residing abroad. Including
arrivals from abroad in Madeira and Azores. g 2004. h 2003. i Excluding Madeira and
Azores. j Provisional. k Source: UNFCCC. l Lisbon.
157
Puerto Rico
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) San Juan (2605)
Currency US dollar
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) b 10.1 11.3
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 34.9 36.6 d
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 59.1 58.9 d
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) e 556.1 578.6
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 53/47 g
a August 2006. b Persons aged 16 years and over, excl. persons temporarily laid off.
c Arrivals of non-resident tourists by air. Source: 'Junta de Planificación de Puerto
Rico'. d 2004. e Data refer to fiscal years beginning 1 July. f Switched access lines.
g 1996. h Data refer to Puerto Rico Telephone Authority.
158
Qatar
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Doha (357)
Currency riyal
Employment in industrial sector (%) 33.1 f 41.0 i
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 3.7 f 2.7 i
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 482.4 495.1 j
Exports 25762.5 Japan 40 Japan 12
Imports 10060.9 Korea Rep. 16 USA 12
Singapore 8 Germany 9
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Base: 2002=100. d June 2006. e Persons aged 15
years and over. f 1997. g 2001, April. h Arrivals in hotels only. i 2004. j 2002.
k Estimated data. l Provisional. m 1994. n Doha.
159
Réunion
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Saint-Denis (137)
Currency euro ab
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) 1.07 0.79 cd
Consumer price index (2000=100) 100 114 e
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 40.1 41.0 ij
a 2005. b Prior to 1 January 1999, French franc. c November 2006. d Data refer to
non-commercial rates derived from the Operational Rates of Exchange for United
Nations Programmes. e August 2006. f Persons aged 15 years and over, second quarter
of each year. g 2004. h 1993. i Estimate. j 2003. k From a sample that included women
in visiting unions. l 1990. m Estimated data. n Saint-Denis/Gillot.
160
Romania
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bucharest (1934)
Currency leu
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) g 7.1 7.2
Turkey 8 Russian Fed. 8
Rural population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) <
a As of 1 July 2005, Romania redenominated the Leu.The (new) Leu (ISO Code: RON)
is equivalent to 10,000 (old) Lei (ROL). b Principal rate. c September 2006. d July 2006.
e Monthly indices are adjusted for differences in the number of working days. f August
2006. g Persons aged 15 years and over. h 2004. i Provisional. j Source: UNFCCC.
k Bucharest.
161
Russian Federation
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Moscow (10654)
Currency ruble
Tourist arrivals (000s) 19457 g 19892 f
Exports 241243.8 Netherlands 10 Germany 13
Imports 98576.5 Italy 6 Ukraine 8
Germany 5 China 7
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) i
1.8/8.3
a Official rate. b October 2006. c June 2006. d August 2006. e Persons aged 15 to 72
years. f 2004. g 2001. h Provisional. i St. Petersburg.
162
Rwanda
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Kigali (779)
Currency franc
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 0.6 e ...
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 85.1 g 87.9 f
(million US$) k (% of exports) k (% of imports) k
Exports 50.4 Kenya 41 Kenya 28
Imports 261.2 Uganda 27 Belgium 12
Tanzania 8 Uganda 8
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 2.8 n
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 22 l
a Official rate. b September 2006. c Kigali. d May 2006. e 1996, persons aged 10 to
65 years. f 2001. g 1996. h 1989. i 2004. j 2002. k 2003. l Estimated data. m Provisional.
n 1999.
163
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Basse-Terre (13)
Currency EC dollar
Internet users, estimated (000s) g 2.7 10.0 d
Imports 210.2 UK 2 Trinidad Tbg 14
Trinidad Tbg 2 UK 6
Population aged 60+ years (women and men, % of total) 12.0/10.0 h
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 101 ij
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 71/68 k
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 27/73 m
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 1080 l
a 2005. b Official rate. c October 2006. d 2002. e Arrivals of non-resident tourists by
air. f 2004. g From 2002: Ministry of Communications, Works, Utilities, Posts and
Telegraph. h De facto estimate. i Refers to de facto population count. j 2001. k 1998.
l Estimated data. m 1997.
164
Saint Lucia
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Castries (13)
Currency EC dollar
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 16.4 d ...
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 31.7 32.6 gi
Imports 475.4 Trinidad Tbg 22 Trinidad Tbg 14
USA 14 UK 7
a Official rate. b October 2006. c June 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over.
e 2002. f Excluding nationals residing abroad. g 2004. h 2003. i Estimate. j For women
aged 15-44 in union or married. k 1988. l Vieux-Fort.
165
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Kingstown (41)
Currency EC dollar
Employment in industrial sector (%) 21.3 g 19.7 h
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 24.8 g 15.4 h
Imports 240.4 Barbados 13 Trinidad Tbg 24
Trinidad Tbg 12 UK 9
a Official rate. b October 2006. c July 2006. d 2002. e Arrivals of non-resident tourists
by air. f 2004. g 1991. h 2001. i 2003. j For women aged 15-44 in union or married.
k 1988. l 1995. m Estimated data.
166
Samoa
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Apia (41)
Currency tala
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) ... –29
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 36.9 d ...
Exports 87.2 Australia 74 New Zealand 27
Imports 238.6 Amer Samoa 23 Australia 21
... USA 12
Foreign born (%) 4.6 e
a Official rate. b October 2006. c 2004. d 1989. e Estimated data. f Apia.
167
San Marino
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) San Marino (57)
Currency euro a
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) e 2.8 2.8 d
Tourist arrivals (000s) f 43 42 d
Employment in industrial sector (%) 40.2 g 40.9 d
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 1.3 g 0.4 d
Life expectancy at birth 2000-2005 (women and men, years) 84/0 h
Intentional homicides (per 100,000 inhabitants) –
a Prior to 1 January 1999, Italian lire. b October 2006. c Base: 2003=100. d 2004. e
31st December of each year. f Including Italian tourists. g 1999. h 2000. i Estimated
data.
168
Sao Tome and Principe
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Sao Tome (57)
Currency dobra
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –19 –23 c
Tourist arrivals (000s) 7 8d
Exports 6.6 Netherlands 39 Portugal 63
Imports 42.2 Portugal 36 Belgium 11
Belgium 15 Angola 10
Threatened species 61 e
a Official rate. b 1st quarter 2006. c 2002. d 2001. e 2004. f 1987. g 2003. h Estimated
data.
169
Saudi Arabia
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Riyadh (4193)
Currency riyal
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) h 486267 554465 g
Internet users, estimated (000s) i 460.0 1586.0 g
Exports 180737.2 ... USA 15
Imports 59510.8 ... Japan 9
... Germany 8
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) h 6020
a Official rate. b October 2006. c All cities. d March 2006. e Persons aged 15 years
and over. f 2002. g 2004. h Part Neutral Zone. i Data refer to Heigirian year, corre-
spondence to Gregorian year is assumed. j Estimated data. k Provisional. l Including
part of the Neutral Zone. m Riyadh.
170
Senegal
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Dakar (2159)
Currency CFA franc
Exports 1470.8 Mali 19 France 21
Imports 3497.7 India 13 Nigeria 10
France 9 UK 5
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 54/46 j
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Dakar. d July 2006. e 1st quarter 2006. f 2003.
g 2004. h 1988. i Provisional. j 1998.
171
Serbia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Belgrade (1576) a
Currency dinar
Population in 2006 (proj., 000s) 7441 abc
Surface area (square kms) 88361 a
Population density (per square km) 84 a
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) d 70.00 60.00 e
Consumer price index (2000=100) 100 267 f
Industrial production index (1995=100) g 102 116 h
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) gi 12.6 15.2 j
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) g 100 114 f
Food production index (1999-2001=100) g 100 114 f
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) g 162.7 162.9 f
Internet users, estimated (000s) 847.0 gj 776.8
(million US$) fg (% of exports) fg (% of imports) fg
Exports 3801.3 Bosnia/Herzeg 17 Germany 13
Germany 9 Italy 10
Population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) –0.1 g
Population aged 0-14 years (%) g 18.0
Population aged 60+ years (women and men, % of total) g 21.0/101.0
Urban population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) g 0.2
Rural population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) g –0.3
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR k 487998 g
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) 282 g
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) g 50023/4.8
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) g 1451
a Statistical Office of Republic of Serbia. b Data on Kosovo and Metohija not included.
c 2005. d Data refer to non-commercial rates derived from the Operational Rates of
Exchange for United Nations Programmes. e November 2006. f 2004. g Including
Montenegro. h March 2006. i Oct. of each year, persons aged 15 years and over.
j 2003. k Provisional. l Belgrade.
172
Seychelles
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Victoria (25) a
Currency rupee
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 112.1 e 108.6 a
Exports 339.7 Saudi Arabia 36 Saudi Arabia 23
Imports 674.9 UK 29 Germany 14
France 15 Spain 8
Third-level students (women and men, % of total) 88/12 f
a 2003. b Official rate. c October 2006. d 2004. e 1999. f 1995. g Estimated data.
h Victoria.
173
Sierra Leone
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Freetown (799)
Currency leone
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 0.4 0.5 eh
(million US$) g (% of exports) (% of imports) g
Exports 41.4 ... Côte d'Ivoire 37
Imports 352.0 ... Canada 7
... Netherlands 6
a October 2006. b Freetown. c 2003. d Arrivals by air. e 2004. f Source: World Auto-
motive Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois). g 2002. h Estimate.
i Estimated data. j Provisional.
174
Singapore
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Singapore (4326)
Currency dollar
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 11936 27897 g
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 55.5 53.9 hi
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 81.1 75.8 hi
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 137.1 169.9 gi
Exports 229652.3 Malaysia 13 Malaysia 14
Indonesia 10 China 10
Newspaper circulation (per 1,000 inhabitants) 408 i
Intentional homicides (per 100,000 inhabitants) 1i
a October 2006. b June 2006. c Calculated by the Statistics Division of the United
Nations from component national indices. d August 2006. e Persons aged 15 years
and over, June of each year. f 1999. g 2004. h 2003. i Singapore Department of
Statistics. j Year beginning 1 April. k From 1983, year beginning 1 April. l Provisional.
m Singapore.
175
Slovakia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bratislava (424)
Currency koruna
United Nations membership date 19 January 1993
Imports 34445.9 Czech Republic 14 Czech Republic 13
Austria 7 Russian Fed. 11
Population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) <
Urban population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) –<
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c May 2006. d Monthly indices are adjusted for
differences in the number of working days. e August 2006. f Persons aged 15 years
and over, excl. persons on child-care leave. g 2003. h 2004. i Provisional. j Source:
UNFCCC. k Bratislava.
176
Slovenia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Ljubljana (263)
Currency tolar
Croatia 9 Austria 12
Population growth rate 2000-2005 (% per annum) –
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Urban areas. d August 2006. e June 2006. f Persons
aged 15 years and over, second quarter of each year. g 2004. h 1999. i Provisional.
j Source: UNFCCC. k Ljubljana.
177
Solomon Islands
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Honiara (61)
Currency dollar
Tourist arrivals (000s) 21 d ...
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 3.3 d
a Official rate. b September 2006. c 2nd quarter 2006. d 1999. e 2004. f Billable lines.
g 1986. h Estimated data. i Auki.
178
Somalia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Mogadishu (1320)
Currency shilling
Tourist arrivals (000s) 10 c ...
de
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR f 412543
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 0.3 g
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) ––/0.0
for United Nations Programmes. b October 2006. c 1998. d Source: AAMA Motor
Vehicle Facts and Figures, American Automobile Manufacturers Association (Mich-
igan). e 1995. f Provisional. g 1986.
179
South Africa
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Johannesburg (3254)
Currency rand
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) f 26.3 g 26.6 h
Tourist arrivals (000s) i 5872 6678 j
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 43.9 k 46.2 j
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) 57.7 k 62.0 j
Employment in industrial sector (%) 24.1 24.5 l
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 14.5 10.3 l
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) m 134667 137277 j
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 138.0 k ...
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) n 10.9 10.0
Internet users, estimated (000s) n 2400.0 5100.0
Exports 46994.8 Japan 11 Germany 14
Imports 55032.6 UK 11 China 9
USA 10 USA 8
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) n 195
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) p 2328
Precipitation (mm) 515 q
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) q 11.4/22.0
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c September 2006. d Calculated by the Statistics
Division of the United Nations from component national indices. e August 2006.
f Persons aged 15 to 65 years. g Feb. and Sept. h March and September. i Excluding
arrivals by work and contract workers. j 2004. k 1999. l 2003. m Refers to Southern
Africa Customs Union. n Year beginning 1 April. o Provisional. p Southern Africa
Customs Union. q Cape Town.
180
Spain
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Madrid (5608)
Currency euro a
Exports 192798.4 France 19 Germany 15
Imports 289610.8 Germany 11 France 14
Portugal 10 Italy 9
a Prior to 1 January 1999, peseta. b September 2006. c Base: 2001=100, beginning
2002. d May 2006. e August 2006. f Persons aged 16 years and over. g 2004.
h Provisional. i Source: UNFCCC. j Madrid.
181
Sri Lanka
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Colombo (652)
Currency rupee
Employment in industrial sector (%) 22.5 i 23.4 j
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 41.6 i 34.3 j
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 28.9 k 38.3 g
Exports 6159.9 USA 32 India 17
Imports 8307.1 UK 13 Singapore 9
India 9 China, HK SAR 8
a October 2006. b Colombo. c August 2006. d Persons aged 10 years and over, excl.
Northern province. e First quarter of each year. f August. g 2004. h Excluding nationals
residing abroad. i 1998. j 2003. k Including three-wheelers. l Estimated data. m Pro-
visional. n 1995.
182
Sudan
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Khartoum (4518)
Currency dinar
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) e 3.2 3.2 f
Exports 4354.9 China 76 China 19
Imports 6976.0 Japan 9 Japan 8
Saudi Arabia 3 Saudi Arabia 8
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c 2004. d 1996. e Source: World Automotive Market
Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois). f 2002. g Provisional. h Khartoum.
183
Suriname
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Paramaribo (268)
Currency dollar
Tourist arrivals (000s) 58 g 138 h
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 195.6 276.4 hj
k
Exports 306.2 Norway 29 USA 23
Imports 742.5 h USA 21 Netherlands 20
France 14 Trinidad Tbg 18
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 42 l
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 6.4 j
Intentional homicides (per 100,000 inhabitants) 2 no
a Suriname changed its currency to the Surinamese Dollar effective 1 Jan. 2004. 1
Surinamese Dollar equals 1000 Surinamese Guilders. b October 2006. c Base:
2001=100, Paramaribo. d May 2006. e Persons aged 15 years and over. f 1999, first
semester. g Arrivals at Zanderij airport. h 2004. i 1999. j Suriname General Bureau of
Statistics. k 2001. l Excluding areas containing roughly 15 per cent of the population.
m Estimated data. n Based on 30 or fewer deaths. o 1992. p Paramaribo.
184
Swaziland
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Mbabane (73)
Currency lilangeni
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –75 114 c
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) e 83.6 108.3 c
Internet users, estimated (000s) f 10.0 36.0 c
Imports 890.7 USA 8 China, HK SAR 2
Mozambique 5 China 1
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) f 36
a Official rate. b October 2006. c 2004. d 1997. e Excluding government vehicles.
f Year beginning 1 April. g 2002. h North Sudan only. i 1986. j Provisional. k Mbabane.
185
Sweden
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Stockholm (1708)
Currency krone
Tourist arrivals (000s) 2746 fg 7627 hi
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 11951 12319 j
Exports 130263.7 USA 11 Germany 18
Imports 111351.3 Germany 10 Denmark 10
Norway 9 Norway 8
a Official rate. b October 2006. c July 2006. d June 2006. e Persons aged 16 to 64
years. f Arrivals of non-resident tourists in all types of accommodation establish-
ments. g Excluding camping. h Arrivals of non-resident tourists at national borders
(excluding same-day visitors). i 2003. j 2004. k Provisional. l Source: UNFCCC.
m Stockholm.
186
Switzerland
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Zurich (1144)
Currency franc
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) i 539.1 559.4 j
(million US$) l (% of exports) l (% of imports) l
Imports 121215.7 USA 11 Italy 11
France 9 France 9
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) n 44720/6.2
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) l 2589
a Official rate. b October 2006. c August 2006. d Monthly indices are adjusted for
differences in the number of working days. e 2nd quarter 2006. f Second quarter of
each year, persons aged 15 years and over. g 2003. h 2004. i Data refer to fiscal years
ending 30 September. j 2002. k Including ISDN channels. l Including Liechtenstein.
m Provisional. n Source: UNFCCC. o Zurich.
187
Syrian Arab Republic
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Aleppo (2520)
Currency pound
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) ... 11.7 e
Tourist arrivals (000s) 1416 g 3032 fhi
Employment in industrial sector (%) ... 26.9 k
Employment in agricultural sector (%) ... 30.3 k
Exports 5382.6 Italy 24 Ukraine 8
Imports 7048.8 France 19 China 7
Iraq 10 Russian Fed. 5
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c Damascus. d 2005. e 2002, persons aged 15 years
and over. f 2004. g Arrivals of non-resident tourists in all types of accommodation
establishments. Excluding private accommodation. h Arrivals of non-resident tourists
at national borders (excluding same-day visitors). i Including nationals residing
abroad. j 2003. k 2002. l Estimated data. m Provisional. n 1995.
188
Tajikistan
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Dushanbe (549)
Currency somoni a
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 2.7 d ...
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –15 e –19
Tourist arrivals (000s) 4 4f
Exports 692.3 Russian Fed. 37 Uzbekistan 29
Imports 644.0 Netherlands 26 Russian Fed. 16
Uzbekistan 14 Ukraine 13
a Prior to November 2000, Ruble per US dollar. b Data refer to non-commercial rates
derived from the Operational Rates of Exchange for United Nations Programmes.
c October 2006. d 1997. e 2002. f 2001. g 2004. h 2000. i Provisional. j Dushanbe.
189
Thailand
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Bangkok (6593)
Currency baht
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) f 2.4 g 1.4 h
Tourist arrivals (000s) i 9579 11737 j
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 30885 36439 j
Imports 118164.3 Japan 14 China 9
China 8 USA 7
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) k 285
a Official rate. b October 2006. c May 2006. d Manufacturing. e August 2006. f Third
round (Aug.) of each year. g Persons aged 15 years and over. h Persons aged 13 years
and over. i Including arrivals of nationals residing abroad. j 2004. k Year ending 30
September. l Estimated data. m Provisional. n Bangkok.
190
The FYR of Macedonia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Skopje (475)
Currency denar
Employment in industrial sector (%) 33.3 g 32.3
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 23.9 g 19.5
Exports 2041.3 Serbia, Mtneg 23 Russian Fed. 13
Greece 15 Greece 9
a October 2006. b April 2006. c August 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over.
e 2001. f 2004. g 2002. h Data refer to fiscal years ending 30 September. i Provisional.
j Skopje.
191
Timor Leste
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Dili (50)
Currency US dollar
GDP (per capita current US$) a 438 374
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) ... 7315 c
Foreign born (%) 0.8 d
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR e 13
Threatened species 11 b
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 57 d
a Indonesia includes Timor Leste up to 1998. b 2004. c 2003 estimate. d Estimated
data. e Provisional.
192
Togo
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Lomé (1337)
Currency CFA franc
Exports 359.9 Ghana 20 France 18
Imports 592.6 Burkina Faso 18 China 13
Benin 12 Côte d'Ivoire 6
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Lomé. d July 2006. e 2003. f 2004. g Source: World
Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois). h 2002. i Estimated
data. j Provisional.
193
Tonga
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Nuku'alofa (25)
Currency pa'anga
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –10804 e –3319 f
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) 9.8 11.3 hk
Exports 8.9 Japan 44 New Zealand 37
Imports 69.4 USA 26 Australia 25
New Zealand 13 Fiji 15
a Official rate. b September 2006. c Excluding rent. d June 2006. e 2001. f 2002.
g Arrivals by air. h 2004. i 1996. j 2003. k Estimate. l 2000. m Estimated data.
194
Trinidad and Tobago
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Port of Spain (52)
Currency dollar
Imports 5693.9 Jamaica 7 Brazil 14
France 4 Venezuela 6
a Official rate. b October 2006. c July 2006. d 1st quarter 2006. e Persons aged 15
years and over. f 2003. g Arrivals by air. h 2004. i 2002. j Estimated data. k Port of
Spain (Trinidad).
195
Tunisia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Tunis (734)
Currency dinar
Germany 8 Germany 8
a October 2006. b July 2006. c March 2006. d Persons aged 15 years and over.
e Figures revised on the basis of the 2004 census results. f Excluding nationals residing
abroad. g 2004. h 1997. i 2001. j Estimated data. k Provisional. l Tunis-Carthage.
196
Turkey
Region Western Asia/Southern Europe
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Istanbul (9712)
Currency new lira
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) e 6.5 f 10.3
Imports 116774.2 UK 8 Russian Fed. 11
Italy 8 Italy 6
a Redenominated the Lira. The ISO code of the new Turkish Lira is TRY and 1 TRY is
equivalent to 1,000,000 old Turkish Lira (TRL). Use of the operational rate system
began in 1 Jan 2005. b October 2006. c May 2006. d August 2006. e Persons aged 15
years and over. f Estimates based on the 2000 Population Census results. g 2004.
h Provisional. i Istanbul.
197
Turkmenistan
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Ashgabad (711)
Currency manat
Tourist arrivals (000s) 300 c ...
Imports 1785.5 Italy 16 Turkey 14
Iran 10 Ukraine 12
Contraceptive use (% of currently married women) 62 f
for United Nations Programmes. b October 2006. c 1998. d 2004. e 2000. f Including
the lactational amenorrhoea method and/or breastfeeding if reported as the current
conraceptive method. g Provisional. h Ashgabat.
198
Tuvalu
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Funafuti (5)
Tourist arrivals (000s) 1 1d
Total fertility rate 2000-2005 (births per woman) 3.7 ij
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) k 5/0.5 l
a 2005. b October 2006. c 1st quarter 2006. d 2004. e 2003. f 2001. g Refers to de
facto population count. h 2002. i Published by the Secretariat of the Pacific Com-
munity. j 2000-2003. k Source: UNFCCC. l 1994.
199
Uganda
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Kampala (1319)
Currency shilling
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) d ... 3.2 e
Employment in industrial sector (%) 6.3 g 7.6 e
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 89.6 g 69.1 e
Exports 812.8 Netherlands 11 Kenya 25
Imports 2054.1 Untd Arab Em 10 Japan 7
Switzerland 9 South Africa 7
Precipitation (mm) j 1552 k
a Principal rate. b October 2006. c September 2006. d Persons aged 10 years and
over. e 2003. f 2004. g 1994. h 2000/01. i Provisional. j January to November only.
k Entebbe.
200
Ukraine
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Kiev (2672)
Currency hryvnia
Imports 36122.0 Turkey 6 Germany 9
Italy 6 Turkmenistan 7
a Official rate. b October 2006. c May 2006. d June 2006. e Persons aged 15-70 years.
f 2004. g 2003. h On 1 of August. i Provisional. j Source: UNFCCC. k Kyiv.
201
United Arab Emirates
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Dubai (1330)
Currency dirham
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 2.3 ...
(million US$) f (% of exports) (% of imports) f
Exports 82750.0 ... India 12
Imports 61587.5 ... China 9
... Japan 7
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Arrivals in hotels only. Including domestic tourism
and nationals residing abroad. d 2003. e 1995. f 2004. g Source: World Automotive
Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois). h 2001. i Estimated data. j
Provisional. k Abu Dhabi.
202
United Kingdom
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) London (8505)
Currency pound sterling
Internet users, estimated (000s) g 15800.0 28515.0
Exports 384365.0 USA 15 Germany 13
Imports 515782.2 Germany 11 USA 8
France 9 France 7
Sex ratio (women per 100 men) 105 h
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) g 1101
a October 2006. b April 2006. c Monthly indices are adjusted for differences in the
number of working days. d August 2006. e Persons aged 16 years and over, March -
May of each year. f 2004. g Year beginning 1 April. h United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Northern Ireland. i Provisional. j Source: UNFCCC. k London.
203
United Republic of Tanzania
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Dar es Salaam (2676)
Currency shilling
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) g ... 5.1 h
Tourist arrivals (000s) 459 566 i
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) ... 86.9 j
Labour force participation, adult male pop. (%) ... 89.8 h
Employment in industrial sector (%) 2.6 k 2.6 h
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 84.2 k 82.1 h
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) l 3.9 3.7 m
Internet users, estimated (000s) 40.0 333.0 i
Imports 2757.2 UK 8 China 8
Switzerland 8 Japan 7
Government education expenditure (% of GNP) 2.2 p
Precipitation (mm) 1148 q
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Base: 1990=100, Zanzibar. d 2005. e Manufacturing.
f 2nd quarter 2006. g Persons aged 10 years and over. h 2001. i 2004. j 2003. k 1991.
l Source: World Automotive Market Report, Auto and Truck International (Illinois).
m 2002. n Estimated data. o Provisional. p 1999. q Dar Es Salaam.
204
United States of America
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) New York-Newark (18718)
Currency dollar
Consumer price index (2000=100) a 100 118 b
GDP (million current US$) 9764800 11713000 g
GDP (per capita current US$) 34364 39650 g
Exports 904339.5 Canada 23 Canada 17
Imports 1732321.0 Mexico 13 China 15
Japan 6 Mexico 10
CO2 emissions (000s Mt of carbon dioxide/per capita) k
5841500/20.0 l
a All urban consumers. b September 2006. c Monthly indices are adjusted for differ-
ences in the number of working days. d August 2006. e Persons aged 16 years and
over. f Including Mexicans staying one or more nights in the US. g 2004. h 2003.
i Including Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands. j Provisional. k Source: UNFCCC. l In-
cluding territories. m Washington, DC.
205
Uruguay
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Montevideo (1264)
Currency peso
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) 13.6 12.2
GDP (million current US$) 20086 13215 e
GDP (per capita current US$) 6011 3842 e
Exports 3404.5 USA 23 Brazil 21
Imports 3878.9 Brazil 13 Argentina 20
Argentina 8 Russian Fed. 8
a October 2006. b Montevideo. c August 2006. d Manufacturing. e 2004. f 2003.
g Provisional.
206
US Virgin Islands
Region Caribbean
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Charlotte Amalie (52)
Currency US dollar
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) a 5.9 b ...
a Persons aged 16 to 65 years. b 1997. c 2004. d 2003. e 2002. f Estimated data.
207
Uzbekistan
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Tashkent (2181)
Currency som
Exchange rate (national currency per US$) a 974.22 b 1230.00 c
GDP (million current US$) 13759 11788 f
GDP (per capita current US$) 557 450 f
for United Nations Programmes. b October 2003. c October 2006. d Employment office
records. e 1995. f 2004. g 1999. h Provisional. i Tashkent.
208
Vanuatu
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Vila (36)
Currency vatu
GDP (million current US$) 223 291 c
GDP (per capita current US$) 1164 1405 c
Exports 23.2 Bangladesh 22 Australia 44
Imports 86.7 Japan 12 New Zealand 12
UK 10 Fiji 9
a Official rate. b August 2006. c 2004. d Source: World Automotive Market Report,
Auto and Truck International (Illinois). e 2002. f 2000. g 1989. h Estimated data. i Port
Vila.
209
Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep. of)
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Caracas (2913)
Currency bolívar
Consumer price index (2000=100) c 100 255
GDP (million current US$) 121258 111958 h
GDP (per capita current US$) 4966 4260 h
Imports 21848.1 Colombia 2 Colombia 11
Canada 1 Brazil 9
a Official rate. b October 2006. c Metropolitan area, Caracas. d Manufacturing, ex-
cluding petroleum refineries. e June 2006. f Persons aged 15 years and over. g 2002.
h 2004. i 2003. j Provisional. k Caracas.
210
Viet Nam
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Ho Chi Minh City (5065)
Currency dong
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) c 2.3 2.1 d
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) 1106 –926 d
Tourist arrivals (000s) 1383 e 2928 df
GDP (million current US$) 31173 45819 d
GDP (per capita current US$) 396 551 d
Employment in industrial sector (%) 12.4 17.4 d
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 65.3 57.9 d
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) h 0.9 2.5 d
Imports 31079.4 Japan 13 Singapore 12
China 11 Japan 11
Foreign born (%) <
a 1st quarter 2006. b March 2006. c Persons aged 15 years and over, July of each
year. d 2004. e Arrivals of non-resident tourists at national borders (excluding same-
day visitors). f Arrivals of non-resident visitors at national borders (including tourists
and same-day visitors). g 2003. h Commercial vehicles only. i Provisional. j Ho Chi
Minh City.
211
Western Sahara
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) El Aaiún (185)
Energy consumption per capita (kilograms oil equiv.) 294 a
a Estimated data.
212
Yemen
Region Western Asia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Sana'a (1801)
Currency rial
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) b 11.5 c ...
GDP (million current US$) 9520 13080 d
GDP (per capita current US$) 531 643 d
Employment in industrial sector (%) 11.1 c ...
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 54.1 c ...
Exports 5608.9 China 35 Untd Arab Em 19
Imports 4862.7 India 16 Saudi Arabia 9
Thailand 12 Switzerland 8
a July 2006. b Persons aged 15 years and over. c 1999. d 2004. e 1995. f Source:
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA). g 2001.
h Estimated data. i Provisional.
213
Zambia
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Lusaka (1260)
Currency kwacha
Balance of payments, current account (million US$) –584 ...
GDP (million current US$) 3239 5315 g
GDP (per capita current US$) 303 463 g
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 0.8 h ...
Internet users, estimated (000s) i 20.0 231.0 g
Exports 1851.6 Switzerland 29 South Africa 47
Imports 2574.7 South Africa 19 UK 12
UK 14 Zimbabwe 5
a Official rate. b October 2006. c May 2006. d 1st quarter 2006. e Persons aged 12
years and over. f 1998. g 2004. h 1996. i Year beginning 1 April. j 2001/02. k Estimated
data. l Provisional. m Lusaka.
214
Zimbabwe
Largest urban agglom. (pop., 000s) Harare (1515)
Currency dollar
United Nations membership date 25 August 1980
Consumer price index (2000=100) d 100 98321 e
Industrial production index (1995=100) f 97 73 g
Unemployment (percentage of labour force) h 6.0 i ...
Tourist arrivals (000s) 1868 j 1854 kl
GDP (million current US$) 5628 4546 l
GDP (per capita current US$) 447 351 l
Labour force participation, adult female pop. (%) 64.5 i 63.0 m
Employment in agricultural sector (%) 70.0 n ...
Agricultural production index (1999-2001=100) 107 76 l
Food production index (1999-2001=100) 105 86 l
Primary energy production (000s Mt oil equiv.) 3360 2853 l
Motor vehicles (per 1,000 inhabitants) 48.6 54.2 l
Telephone lines (per 100 inhabitants) o 2.2 2.8
Internet users, estimated (000s) o 50.0 1200.0
Imports 2203.8 Switzerland 7 Botswana 4
UK 7 UK 4
Foreign born (%) 5.2 p
Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR q 13968
Television receivers (per 1,000 inhabitants) r 61
Precipitation (mm) 841 s
Average minimum and maximum temperatures (centigrade) s 12.3/25.5
a The Zimbabwe dollar was redonominated by removing three zeros effective 2 Aug.
2006. b Official rate. c August 2006. d Annual average is calculated as geometric
mean of monthly indices. e January 2006. f Calculated by the Statistics Division of
the United Nations from component national indices. g 2003. h Persons aged 15 years
and over. i 1999. j Arrivals of non-resident tourists at national borders (excluding
same-day visitors). k Arrivals of non-resident visitors at national borders (including
tourists and same-day visitors). l 2004. m 2002. n 1998. o Year beginning 30 June.
p Estimated data. q Provisional. r Year ending 30 June. s Harare.
215
Technical notes
Geographical coverage
The geographical designations, units employed
and presentation of the material in this publication has
been adopted solely for the purpose of providing a con-
venient geographical basis for the statistical series.
Because of space limitations, the country and area
names used in the tables are generally the commonly
employed short titles in use in the United Nations, the
full titles being used only when a short form is not
available. Countries or areas are listed in English alpha-
betical order.
Notes on the indicators

Terms given below in italic are defined in the
“Data dictionary”, which begins on p. 227.
General indicators
Region is given according to regional groupings of coun-
tries and areas based mainly on continents. This in-
formation is from Standard Country or Area Codes
and Geographical Regions for Statistical Use, Revi-
sion 4 (United Nations publication, excerpted at the
Statistics Division Internet site,
<http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/
m49/m49.htm>).
Currency shows the national monetary unit and is from
table 44 in the United Nations Monthly Bulletin of
Statistics.[13]
Population projections for 2006 were prepared by the
United Nations Population Division and published
in World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision.
They are available also at
< http://esa.un.org/unpp/>.[19]
Surface area (excluding polar regions and uninhabited
islands) is from table 3 in the United Nations
Demographic Yearbook.[10]
Population density refers to population per square kilo-
metre of surface area. This series is from table 3 in
the United Nations Demographic Yearbook.[10] and
World Population Prospects:The 2004 Revision.
Largest urban agglomeration shows the population of the
largest urban agglomeration (city plus contiguous
217
built-up areas) or, if unavailable, largest city ac-
cording to its administrative boundaries for each
country or area. This series is from Tables A.12 and
13 of the World Urbanization Prospects: The 2005
Revision.[18]
< http://www.un.org/esa.un.org/unup/>. See also
<http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/
WUP2005/2005wup.htm>.
United Nations membership date is from the United Na-
tions Terminology Bulletin, <http://unterm.un.org/
> and List of Member States,
<www.un.org/Overview/unmember.html>.
Economic indicators
Exchange rates are shown in units of national currency
per US dollar and refer to end-of-period quotations.
Unless otherwise stated, the table refers to the
midpoint market rates (average of buying and sell-
ing rates). This series is compiled by the Interna-
tional Monetary Fund and is published as table 44
in the United Nations Monthly Bulletin of Statis-
tics.[13] For currencies for which IMF does not pub-
lish exchange rates, non-commercial rates derived
from the operational rates of exchange for United
Nations programmes are shown.
Consumer price index numbers published in table 6 in the
United Nations Monthly Bulletin of Statistics [13]
are designed to show changes over time in the cost
of selected goods and services that are considered
as representative of the consumption habits of the
population concerned. The indices here generally
refer to “all items” and to the country as a whole.
The industrial production index shown here generally
covers mining, manufacturing and electricity, gas
and water. It does not include construction unless
otherwise indicated. This series is from table 5 in
the United Nations Monthly Bulletin of Statis-
tics.[13]
Unemployment is defined to include persons above a
certain age who during a specified period of time
were without work, currently available for work
and seeking work. National definitions of unem-
ployment often differ from the recommended inter-
national standard definitions and thereby limit in-
ternational comparability. Inter-country compari-
sons are also complicated by the different types of
218
data collection systems used to obtain information
on unemployed persons. Unless otherwise noted,
these data are national employment office statis-
tics compiled by the International Labour Office
and published in table 11 in the United Nations
Monthly Bulletin of Statistics.[13] Supplementary
data were obtained from the International Labour
Office, Yearbook of Labour Statistics. [5]. See also
<http://laborsta.ilo.org/>
Balance of payments, current account: This series refers
to the current account balance and is from the In-
ternational Monetary Fund’s International Financial
Statistics.[6]
Tourist arrivals data are those compiled by the World
Tourism Organization. They are published in the
Yearbook of Tourism Statistics [25], and in the
United Nations Statistical Yearbook.[16]
Gross domestic product total in current United States
dollars are estimates of the total production of
goods and services of the countries represented in
economic terms, not as measures of the standard
of living of their inhabitants. In order to have com-
parable coverage for as many countries as possi-
ble, these US dollar estimates are based on official
GDP national currency data, supplemented by na-
tional currency estimates prepared by the Statistics
Division using additional data from national and in-
ternational sources.
The estimates given here are in most cases those ac-
cepted by the United Nations General Assembly
Committee on Contributions for determining United
Nations members’ contributions to the United Na-
tions regular budget.
The exchange rates for the conversion of GDP national
currency data into United States dollars are the av-
erage market rates published by the International
Monetary Fund in its monthly publication Interna-
tional Financial Statistics.[6] Official exchange
rates are used only when free market rates are not
available. For non-members of the Fund, the con-
version rates used are the average of United Na-
tions operational rates of exchange. It should be
noted that the conversion from local currency into
US dollars introduces deficiencies in comparability
over time and among countries which should be
considered when using the data. For example,
219
comparability over time is distorted when exchange
rate fluctuations differ substantially from domestic
inflation rates. These series are published in the
National Accounts Statistics: Analysis of Main Ag-
gregates [15], and in the United Nations Statistical
Yearbook.[16]
Gross domestic product per capita estimates are the
value of all goods and services produced in the
economy divided by population. These estimates
are also published in the National Accounts Statis-
tics: Analysis of Main Aggregates [15], and in the
United Nations Statistical Yearbook.[16]
Gross fixed capital formation data are based on the per-
centage distribution of GDP in current prices. This
series is from the National Accounts Database
compiled from national data provided to the United
Nations Statistics Division and is published in the
United Nations Statistical Yearbook.[16] Data in
national currency are published in National Ac-
counts Statistics: Main Aggregates and Detailed
Tables. [14]
Labour force participation rate for the adult population
(15 years and over) refers to the total of employed
persons (including employers, persons working on
their own account, salaried employees and wage
earners and, in so far as data are available, unpaid
family workers) and of unemployed persons at the
time of the census or survey which provided the
data. In general, the economically active popula-
tion does not include full-time students who are
not working, persons occupied solely in household
work, retired persons living entirely on their own
means and persons wholly dependent upon others.
These series are from the estimates and projec-
tions published in the Key Indicators of the Labour
Market prepared by the International Labour Of-
fice.[4]
Employment in industrial and agricultural sectors refer to
the population above a specified age who perform
any work at all, in the reference period, for pay or
profit in industry (mining, manufacturing and elec-
tricity, gas and water) and agriculture. These in-
clude persons who are temporarily absent from a
job, for such reasons as illness, maternity or paren-
tal leave, holiday, training or industrial dispute.
These percentages in which employment in the
220
sector is the numerator and total employment the
denominator are published in the Key Indicators of
the Labour Market prepared by the International
Labour Office.[4]
Agricultural production index covers all crops and live-
stock products. This series is from the Internet site
of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the
United Nations <apps.fao.org>. It is published in
FAO Yearbook: Production [2], and in the United
Nations Statistical Yearbook.[16]
Food production index covers commodities that are con-
sidered edible and contain nutrients. (Coffee and
tea are therefore excluded because they have prac-
tically no nutritional value). The index numbers
shown may differ from those produced by countries
themselves because of differences in concepts of
production, coverage, weights, time reference of
data, and methods of evaluation. The series include
estimates made by FAO in cases where no official
or semi-official figures are available from the coun-
tries. This series is from the Internet site of the
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations <apps.fao.org>. It is published in the FAO
Yearbook: Production [2], and in the United Nations
Statistical Yearbook.[16]
Primary energy production refers to the first stage of
production of various forms of energy, converted
into a common unit (metric ton of oil equivalent).
This series is from the Energy Statistics Database
of the United Nations Statistics Division. It is pub-
lished in the Energy Statistics Yearbook [11], and in
the United Nations Statistical Yearbook. [16]
Motor vehicles in use series is calculated from data
compiled from national statistical sources and is
published in the United Nations Statistical Year-
book. [16] It refers to passenger cars and commer-
cial vehicles in use according to census on registra-
tion figures for year’s census or annual registration
took place.
Telephones lines series is calculated from the number of
main telephone lines in operation. The source of
data is the International Telecommunications Un-
ion’s publications, World Telecommunication Re-
port [8], and Yearbook of Statistics. [9] It is pub-
lished in the United Nations Statistical Year-
book.[16]
221
Internet users are mainly based on reported estimates, or
derivations based on reported Internet access pro-
vider subscriber counts and in a few cases, calcu-
lated by multiplying the number of hosts by an es-
timated multiplier. This series is from the Interna-
tional Telecommunication Union Yearbook of Sta-
tistics [8]. It is also published in the United Nations
Statistical Yearbook.[16] See also
< http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/statistics/>
Total Trade: exports and imports show the movement of
goods out of and into a country as shown in Tables
1 and 2 of the United Nations International Trade
Statistics Yearbook.[12]. Exports are generally val-
ued at the frontier of the importing country (f.o.b.
valuation). Imports are valued at the frontier of the
importing country (c.i.f. valuation). Both imports
and exports are shown in United States dollars.
Conversion from national currencies is made by
means of currency conversion factors based on of-
ficial exchange rates (par values or weighted aver-
age exchange rates.
Major export and import trading partners are expressed
as percentages of total exports and imports of the
country or area, as estimated by the United Nations
Statistics Division from its Commodity Trade Sta-
tistics Database (COMTRADE). These series are
published in the United Nations International Trade
Statistics Yearbook.[12]
Social indicators
The population annual growth rate is the average annual
percentage change in total population size in the
period 2000-2005. This series is from table A.11 in
World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision.[19]
Population age group 0-14 years refers to the population
aged 0-14 years of both sexes as a percentage of
total population. Age group 60 years and over re-
fers to elderly men as a percentage of all males
and elderly women as a percentage of all females.
These series are from the United Nations publica-
tion World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revi-
sion.[19}
Sex ratio is calculated from data prepared by the United
Nations Population Division and is published in
World Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision.[19]
222
Life expectancy at birth and infant mortality rate are five-
year averages for the period 2000-2005 and are
from tables A.26 and A.27 respectively in World
Population Prospects: The 2004 Revision.[19]
Total fertility rate is a five-year average for the period
2000-2005 and is from table A.20 in the United Na-
tions publication World Population Prospects: The
2004 Revision.[19] Supplementary data are from
the United Nations publication Demographic Year-
book.[10]
Contraceptive use refers to use by currently married
women of child-bearing age, of any method and is
expressed as a percentage. The source of data is
the contraceptive use database compiled by the
United Nations Population Division and is pub-
lished in the World
Contraceptive Use 2005, CD-ROM Edition – Data in
digital form (POP/DB/CP/Rev. 2005). See also
< http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/
contraceptive2005/WCU2005.htm>.
Urban population, urban population growth rate and rural
population growth rate series are based on the
number of persons defined as urban or rural ac-
cording to national definitions of this concept. In
most cases these definitions are those used in the
most recent population census. These series are
from World Urbanization Prospects: The 2005 Revi-
sion.[18]
Foreign-born population refers to persons born outside
the country or area in which they are enumerated.
The country or area of birth is based on the na-
tional boundaries existing at the time of census.
This series is from Demographic Statistics Data-
base of the United Nations Statistics Division; and
the databases on world migrant populations, and
on the foreign-born maintained by the United Na-
tions Population Division.
The term refugee in this series refers to persons granted
a humanitarian status and/or those granted tempo-
rary protection. It includes persons, who have been
granted temporary protection on a group basis. The
series also includes returned refugees, asylum
seekers and persons displaced internally within
their own country for reasons that would make
them of concern to the Office of the United Nations
High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) if they
223
were outside their country of origin. This series is
from 2005 Global Refugee Trends, Table 1. Asylum
Seekers, refugees and others of concern to UNHCR.
[22] See also
<http://www.unhcr.org/statistics/STATISTICS/
4486ceb12.pdf>.
Government educational expenditures is from the World
Education Indicators database calculated from
Global Education Digest, UNESCO Institute for Sta-
tistics. It shows the general trends in public expen-
diture on public and private education expressed as
a percentage of the gross national product. The
data shown should be considered as approximate
indications of the public resources allocated to
education. [20] See also
<http://stats.uis.unesco.org/ReportFolders/ >
Primary-secondary gross enrolment ratio and percentage
of third level students are from World Education
Indicators database calculated from Global Educa-
tion Digest, UNESCO Institute for Statistics. [20]
See also
<http://stats.uis.unesco.org/ >
For the first and second levels, the enrolment ratio gen-
erally is the total enrolment of all ages in first- and
second-level education, divided by the total popu-
lation in the official ages of enrolment in the coun-
try times 100. The gross enrolment ratio at the first
and second level should include all pupils whatever
their ages, whereas the population is limited to the
range of official school ages. Therefore, for coun-
tries with almost universal education among the
school-age population, the gross enrolment ratio
will exceed 100 if the actual age distribution of pu-
pils extends beyond the official school ages.
Newspaper circulation data are compiled by UNESCO [20]
and are published in the United Nations Statistical
Yearbook.[16]
Television receivers in use refer to television receivers in
use and/or licenses issued per thousand inhabi-
tants. This series is from the World Telecommuni-
cation Indicators database, International Telecom-
munication Union (ITU) [8].
Intentional homicides (homicide purposely inflicted) re-
fers to death purposely inflicted by another person
per 100,000 population. Data are from the United
Nations Demographic Yearbook [10], where homi-
224
cide and injury purposely inflicted by other persons
is reported as a cause of death.
Seats in parliament refers to the number of women and
men in the lower chamber of parliament expressed
as a percentage. These data are published in the
Women in National Parliaments and the Internet
site of the Inter-Parliamentary Union,
<http://www.ipu.org/wmn-e/classif.htm> [7].
Environmental indicators
Data on the number of threatened species include plants
and animals and are compiled by the World Con-
servation Union IUCN/Species Survival Commission
(SSC), published in the IUCN Red List of Threatened
Species.[23] See
<http://www.redlist.org/info/tables/table5.html>.
Forested area data are from State of the World’s Forests,
published by the Food and Agriculture Organization
of the United Nations [3] and are also published in
the United Nations Statistical Yearbook.[16] See
also the Internet site of the State of the World’s
Forests at http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/y0900e/
y0900e00.htm
CO 2 emission estimates represent the mass of CO2 pro-
duced during the combustion of solid, liquid, and
gaseous fuels, from gas flaring and the manufac-
ture of cement. These estimates do not include
bunker fuels used in international transportation
due to the difficulty of apportioning these fuels
among the countries benefiting from that transport.
These estimates are from the Carbon Dioxide In-
formation Analysis Center located at Oak Ridge Na-
tional Laboratory, United States of America [1]
<http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/trends/emis/tre_coun.htm>,
and from the Secretariat of the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change
(UNFCCC), Greenhouse Gas and Inventory Database
[21], <http://ghg.unfccc.int/>. Relative to other in-
dustrial sources for which CO 2 emissions are calcu-
lated, statistics on gas flaring activities are sparse
and sporadic and in countries where gas flaring ac-
tivities account for a considerable proportion of the
total CO 2 emission, the sporadic nature of gas flar-
ing statistics may produce spurious or misleading
trends in national CO 2 emissions. This series is also
published in the United Nations Statistical Year-
book.[16]
225
CO2 Per capita emissions figures are obtained by dividing
total emissions of carbon dioxide by the population
for a particular country and year.
Commercial energy consumption refers to “apparent
consumption” and is derived from the formula
“production + imports - exports - bunkers +/- stock
changes”. Accordingly the series may in some
cases represent only an indication of the magni-
tude of actual inland availability. This series was
obtained from the Energy Statistics Database of
the United Nations Statistics Division. It is pub-
lished in the Energy Statistics Yearbook [11], and in
the United Nations Statistical Yearbook. [16]
Total amount of precipitation and average minimum and
maximum temperatures are measurements from the
weather stations closest to the largest urban ag-
glomeration or city. These series are from the
World Meteorological Organization. [24],
<www.worldweather.org/>
226
Data dictionary
A
age group: The age distribution of a population is given
either by individual years of age or by age groups,
which may be quinquennial age groups or quinary
age groups, or broad age groups, such as 0-19
years, 20-59 years, 60 years and over. Age is gen-
erally expressed in years, or years and months.
Statisticians often round off the age to the number
of complete years lived, and this is called age at
last birthday. (United Nations, 1958, para. 322)*
agriculture (agriculture, hunting and related service ac-
tivities): Comprises the following divisions of the
International Standard Industrial Classification of
All Economic Activities (ISIC), Revision 3.1: growing
of crops, market gardening, horticulture; farming of
animals; growing of crops combined with farming
of animals (mixed farming); agricultural and animal
husbandry service activities, except veterinary ac-
tivities; hunting, trapping and game propagation,
including related service activities; forestry, log-
ging and related service activities; fishing, opera-
tion of fish hatcheries and fish farms; service ac-
tivities incidental to fishing. (United Nations, 2002)
agricultural production and food production indices: The
indices of agricultural production of the Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
(FAO) are based on the sum of price-weighted
quantities of different agricultural commodities
produced after deductions of quantities used as
seed and feed weighted in a similar manner. All
the indices at the country, regional and world lev-
els are calculated by the Laspeyres formula. Pro-
duction quantities of each commodity are weighted
by average international commodity prices in the
base period and summed for each year. To obtain
the index, the aggregate for a given year is divided
by the average aggregate for the base period. The
commodities covered in the computation of indices
of agricultural production are all crops and live-
* References for the data dictionary are given in parenthesis; refer to
the list of references beginning on page 239.
227
stock products originating in each country. Practi-
cally all products are covered, with the main excep-
tion of fodder crops. The category of food produc-
tion includes commodities that are considered edi-
ble and that contain nutrients. Accordingly, coffee
and tea are excluded because they have practically
no nutritive value. (FAO, 1995, p. ix)
annual growth: See rate of change
area: See land and water area
B
balance of payments: A statistical statement that sys-
tematically summarizes, for a specific time period,
the economic transactions of an economy with the
rest of the world. Transactions, for the most part
between residents and non-residents, consist of
transactions involving goods, services and income;
transactions involving financial claims on, and li-
abilities to, the rest of the world; and transactions
(such as gifts) classified as transfers, which involve
offsetting entries to balance—in an accounting
sense— one-sided transactions. (IMF, 1993, para.
13) See also current account.
base period: The period of time for which data used as
the base of an index number, or other ratio, have
been collected. This period is frequently one year
but it may be as short as one day or as long as the
average of a group of years. (Kendall Buckland,
1982).
base year: See base period
C
CO 2 emissions: Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is a colourless,
odourless and non-poisonous gas formed by com-
bustion of carbon and in the respiration of living
organisms and is considered a greenhouse gas.
Emissions means the release of greenhouse gases
and/or their precursors into the atmosphere over a
specified area and period of time. (United Nations,
1992 and 1996)
commercial energy: Energy sold in the market. (United
Nations, 1982, para. 55)
consumer price index: Measures changes over time in the
general level of prices of goods and services that a
reference population acquires, uses or pays for
consumption. A consumer price index is estimated
228
as a series of summary measures of the period-to-
period proportional change in the prices of a fixed
set of consumer goods and services of constant
quantity and characteristics, acquired, used or paid
for by the reference population. Each summary
measure is constructed as a weighted average of a
large number of elementary aggregate indices.
Each of the elementary aggregate indices is esti-
mated using a sample of prices for a defined set of
goods and services obtained in, or by residents of,
a specific region from a given set of outlets or
other sources of consumption goods and services.
(ILO, 1988)
contraception: In its narrow usage, measures excluding
sterilization (and, in some discussions, permanent
and periodic abstinence) which are taken in order
to prevent sexual intercourse from resulting in con-
ception. In broader usage, a contraceptive method
is sometimes called a birth control method, which
includes intentional abortion, sterilization and
complete abstinence from coitus. (United Nations,
1958, para. 624)
currency: Those notes and coins in circulation that are
commonly used to make payments. Commemorative
coins that are not actually in circulation should be
excluded. (United Nations and others, 1994, para.
11.70)
current account: All balance of payments transactions
(other than those in financial items) that involve
economic values and occur between resident and
non-resident entities. Also covered are offsets to
current economic values provided or acquired with-
out a quid pro quo. The major classifications of
transaction flows cover goods and services, income
and current transfers. (IMF, 1993, para. 152)
D
daily newspaper circulation: Daily newspapers are peri-
odic publications, issued at least four times a
week, intended for the general public and mainly
designed to be a primary source of written informa-
tion on current events connected with public af-
fairs, international questions, politics etc. Circula-
tion comprises the average number of copies sold
directly, by subscription, and mainly distributed
229
free of charge both in the country and abroad.
(UNESCO, 1985)
density of population: Number of population per unit of
total land area of a country. (United Nations, n.d.)
See also land and water area.
E
economically active population: (“usually active” or “cur-
rently active”) comprises all persons of either sex
above a specified age who furnish the supply of la-
bour for the production of economic goods and ser-
vices (employed and unemployed, including those
seeking work for the first time), as defined by the
System of National Accounts (SNA), during a speci-
fied time reference period. The economically active
population may be related to the total population
for the derivation of the crude participation rate,
or, more appropriately, to the population above the
age prescribed for the measurement of the eco-
nomically active population. Production includes all
individual or collective goods or services that are
supplied to units other than their producers, or in-
tended to be so supplied, including the production
of goods or services used up in the process of pro-
ducing such goods or services; the own-account
production of all goods that are retained by their
producers for their own final consumption or gross
capital formation; the own-account production of
housing services by owner-occupiers and of domes-
tic and personal services produced by employing
paid domestic staff. Not economically active popu-
lation comprises the balance of the population.
(United Nations and others, 1994)
education expenditure: See government education ex-
penditure
employment: The “employed" comprise all persons above
a specified age who during a specified brief refer-
ence period not longer than one week, were in
"paid employment" or in "self-employment" as de-
fined below. "Persons in paid employment" com-
prise all persons in the following categories: (a) "at
work": persons who during the reference period
performed some work for wages, salary or related
payments, in cash or in kind; (b) "with a job but not
at work": persons who, having already worked in
230
their present job, were absent during the reference
period and continued to have a strong attachment
to their job. "Persons in self-employment" comprise
all persons (a) "at work": persons who during the
reference period performed some work for profit or
family gain, in cash or in kind; (b) "with work but
not at work": persons who during the reference pe-
riod had work to be performed at the workplace but
were temporarily absent due to illness or injury,
vacation, holiday or ceremonies, bad weather or
other similar reasons. Employers, own-account
workers [other than those who were paid directly
for services performed], members of producers' co-
operatives, and unpaid family workers, irrespective
of the number of hours worked, should be consid-
ered in self-employment and should be classified
as "at work" or "not at work" as the case may be.
(International Labour Organisation (ILO). Current In-
ternational Recommendations on Labour Statistics,
2000 Edition. Geneva, 2000. (pages 49-51)
energy: Comprises primary energy from sources that
involve only extraction or capture, with or without
separation from contiguous material, cleaning or
grading, before the energy embodied in that source
can be converted into heat or mechanical work, and
secondary energy from all sources of energy that
results from transformation of primary sources.
(United Nations, 1982, para. 29)
energy consumption: Apparent consumption of energy
comprises inland deliveries of energy commodities,
which is equal to imports plus production minus
changes in stocks minus exports. (United Nations,
1982, paras. 161-165) See also energy.
enrolment ratio: See primary-secondary gross enrolment
ratio.
exchange rate: Price in a given currency at which bills
drawn in another currency may be bought. (Oxford
University Press, 1982).
exports (merchandise): Goods leaving the statistical terri-
tory of a country. In the “general trade system”, the
definition of the statistical territory of a country co-
incides with its economic territory. In the “special
trade system”, the definition of the statistical terri-
tory comprises only a particular part of the eco-
nomic territory, mainly that part which coincides
with the free circulation area for goods. “The free
231
circulation area” is a part of the economic territory
of a country within which goods “may be disposed
of without Customs restrictions”. In the case of ex-
ports, the transaction value is the value at which
the goods were sold by the exporter, including the
cost of transportation and insurance, to bring the
goods onto the transporting vehicle at the frontier
of the exporting country (a FOB type valuation).
(United Nations, M/52/Rev.2 and Series G)
F
food production index: See agricultural production and
food production indices.
foreign-born: Individuals not born in the territory in which
they live. (United Nations, 1958)
forest and other wooded land: Land under natural or
planted stands of trees, whether productive or not,
including land from which forest has been cleared
but which will be reforested in the foreseeable fu-
ture, and including areas occupied by roads, small
cleared tracts and other small open areas within
the forest that constitute an integral part of the
forest. (FAO/United Nations ECE, 1995)
G
government education expenditure: General government
expenditures for educational affairs and services at
pre-primary, primary, secondary and tertiary levels
and subsidiary services to education. Expenditures
comprise final consumption expenditures, gross
capital formation, subsidies and loans. General
government comprises all central, state and local
government units and non-profit institutions con-
trolled and mainly financed by government units.
(UNESCO, 1978)
gross domestic product (GDP): An aggregate measure of
production equal to the sum of the gross values
added of all resident institutional units engaged in
production (plus any taxes, and minus any subsi-
dies, on products not included in the value of their
outputs). The sum of the final uses of goods and
services (all uses except intermediate consumption)
measured in purchasers’ prices, less the value of
imports of goods and services, or the sum of pri-
mary incomes distributed by resident producer
232
units. (42, paras. 1.128 and 2.173-2.174) (United
Nations and others, 1993)
gross fixed capital formation: The total value of a pro-
ducer’s acquisitions, less disposals, of fixed assets
during the accounting period plus certain additions
to the value of non-produced assets realized by the
productive activity of institutional units. Fixed as-
sets are tangible or intangible assets produced as
outputs from processes of production that are
themselves used repeatedly or continuously in
other processes of production for more than one
year. (United Nations and others, 1994, para.
10.33)
growth rate: See rate of change and rate of increase
H
homicide purposely inflicted (assault): Deaths from homi-
cide and injuries inflicted by another person with
intent to injure or kill, by any means, excluding in-
juries due to legal intervention and operations of
war. (WHO, 1992, X85-Y09)
I
imports (merchandise): Goods which add to the stock of
material resources of a country by entering its eco-
nomic territory. Goods simply being transported
through a country (goods in transit) or temporarily
admitted (except for goods for inward processing)
do not add to the stock of material resources of a
country and are not included in the international
merchandise trade statistics. In many cases, a
country’s economic territory largely coincides with
its customs territory, which is the territory in which
the customs law of a country applies in full. In the
case of imports, the transaction value is the value
at which the goods were purchased by the importer
plus the cost of transportation and insurance to the
frontier of the importing country (a CIF-type valua-
tion). (United Nations, M/52/Rev.2 and Series G).
See also exports.
industrial production index: Laspeyres’s index of total
value-added in all industrial production, where
value added is the value of output less the values
of both intermediate consumption and consumption
of fixed capital. (United Nations, Series P) See also
industry and Laspeyres’s index.
233
infant mortality rate: Generally computed as the ratio of
infant deaths (the deaths of children under one
year of age) in a given year to the total number of
live births in the same year. (United Nations, 1958,
para. 411)
inhabitants: Inhabitants of a State may be subjects, citi-
zens or nationals of that State, who enjoy certain
political rights, or they may be aliens or foreigners
who are citizens of another State, or citizens of no
State at all and are called stateless. (United Na-
tions, 1958) See also population.
L
land and water area: Total land area comprises agricul-
tural land, forest and other wooded land, built-up
and related land (excluding scattered farm build-
ings), wet open land, dry open land with special
vegetation cover and open land without, or with in-
significant, vegetation cover. Water area comprises
inland waters and tidal waters. (United Nations,
n.d.)
Laspeyres’s index: A form of index number where prices,
quantities or other units of measure over time are
weighted according to their values in a specified
base period. (Kendall and Buckland, 1982)
life expectancy at birth: Average number of years of life
at birth (age 0) according to the expected mortality
rates by age estimated for the reference year and
population. (United Nations, 1958, and Series R)
long-term rate of change: See rate of change
M
motor vehicles: Motor cars and other motor vehicles in
operation, principally designed for the transport of
persons and goods. (United Nations, 1994, groups
781-783)
N
newspaper circulation: See daily newspaper circulation.
O
oil equivalent: A single average figure for the energy
content of a specified quantity of oil. (United Na-
tions, 1982)
234
P
parliament: Legislative assembly of persons forming the
supreme legislature of a country. (Oxford University
Press, 1982)
partner countries: Countries of origin and purchase in
international merchandise trade transactions.
population: The total population of a country may com-
prise either all usual residents of the country (de
jure population) or all persons present in the coun-
try (de facto population) at the time of the census.
For purposes of international comparisons, the de
facto definition is recommended. (United Nations,
1958, and Series R)
population density: See density of population
precipitation: Quantity of rain, snow etc. falling to
ground. Average annual normals over a long (multi-
year) period. (Oxford University Press, 1982; WMO,
1982)
primary-secondary gross enrolment ratio: The total en-
rolment, regardless of age, divided by the popula-
tion of the total age group defined in the national
regulations for the first and second levels of educa-
tion. Education at the first level provides the basic
elements of education (e.g. at elementary school,
primary school). Education at the second level is
provided at middle school, secondary school, high
school, teacher-training school at this level and
schools of a vocational or technical nature. Enrol-
ment is at the beginning of the school or academic
year. (UNESCO, 1978)
R
rate of change: The ratio of total change in a specified
time reference period to the value at the beginning
of the period or at a specified earlier time refer-
ence. When changes over a period of more than
one calendar year are studied, the mean annual
rate of change may be computed. (Adapted from
United Nations, 1958) See also rate of increase.
rate of increase (crude, of population): The ratio of total
growth in a given period to the mean population of
that period is called the crude rate of increase.
When population increase over a period of more
than one calendar year is studied, the mean annual
235
rate of increase may be computed. (United Nations,
1958) See also rate of change.
refugees: Any person who, owing to well-founded fear of
being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, na-
tionality, membership of particular social group or
political opinion, is outside the country of his na-
tionality and is unable to, or owing to such fear, is
unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that
country; or who, not having a nationality and being
outside the country of his former habitual resi-
dence, is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling
to return to it. (United Nations, 1951, and 1967).
region (geographical): Macro geographical regions ar-
ranged according to continents and component
geographical regions used for statistical purposes
by the Population Division and Statistics Division of
the United Nations Secretariat. (United Nations,
M/49/Rev.3)
rural population: Population which is not urban. See ur-
ban population
S
sex ratio: The ratio of the number of one sex to that of
the other. (United Nations, 1958)
surface area: See land and water area.
T
telephone lines (telephone main lines): A telephone main
line connects the subscriber’s terminal equipment
to the public switched network and has a dedicated
port in the telephone exchange equipment. (ITU,
n.d., p. 9)
television receivers: Apparatus for displaying pictures
transmitted by radio transmission, usually with ap-
propriate sound. ISIC2 code 303201. (United Na-
tions, 1968)
temperature, average: Average annual normals over a
long (multi-year) period. (WMO, 1982)
third-level students: Education provided at university,
teachers’ college, higher professional school,
which requires, as a minimum condition of admis-
sion, the successful completion of education at the
second level, or evidence of the attainment of an
equivalent level of knowledge. Enrolment is at the
beginning of the school or academic year.
(UNESCO, 1978)
236
threatened species (animals): Species that have been
assessed and found to meet one of the standard
World Conservation Union status categories indi-
cating threatened status: endangered, vulnerable,
rare, indeterminate (known to be endangered, vul-
nerable or rare but where there is not enough in-
formation to say which is appropriate), insuffi-
ciently known (suspected but not definitely known
to belong to any of the above categories, because
of lack of information). (World Conservation Union,
1994, p. 20)
total fertility rate: The number of children that would be
born per woman, assuming no female mortality at
child bearing ages and the age-specific fertility
rates of a specified country and reference period.
tourist (international): Any person who travels to a coun-
try other than that in which s/he has his/her usual
residence but outside his/her usual environment for
a period not exceeding 12 months and whose main
purpose of visit is other than the exercise of an ac-
tivity remunerated from with the country visited,
and who stay at least one night in a collective or
private accommodation in the country visited.
(United Nations and World Tourism Organization,
1994)
trading partner: See partner countries.
U
unemployment: All persons who during a specified refer-
ence period were: “without work”, that is, were not
in paid employment as specified by the interna-
tional definition of employment; “currently avail-
able for work”, that is, were available for paid em-
ployment or self-employment during the reference
period; and “seeking work”, that is, had taken spe-
cific steps in a specified recent period to seek paid
employment or self-employment. In circumstances
where employment opportunities are particularly
limited and where persons not working do not have
easy access to formal channels for seeking em-
ployment or face social and cultural barriers when
looking for a job, the “seeking work” criterion
should be relaxed. (ILO, 1988)
United Nations membership: The original Members of the
United Nations are the States which, having par-
237
ticipated in the United Nations Conference on In-
ternational Organization at San Francisco, or hav-
ing previously signed the Declaration by United Na-
tions of 1 January 1942, signed the Charter and
ratified it in accordance with Article 110. Member-
ship in the United Nations is open to all other
peace-loving States which accept the obligations
contained in the Charter and, in the judgement of
the Organization, are able and willing to carry out
these obligations. The admission of any such State
to membership in the United Nations will be ef-
fected by a decision of the General Assembly upon
the recommendation of the Security Council.
(United Nations, 1945)
urban agglomeration: Comprises a city or town proper
and also the suburban fringe or thickly settled terri-
tory lying outside, but adjacent to, its boundaries.
A single large urban agglomeration may comprise
several cities or towns and their suburban fringes.
(United Nations, 1998, para. 2.51)
urban population: Because of national differences in the
characteristics that distinguish urban from rural ar-
eas, the distinction between urban and rural popu-
lation is not amenable to a single definition that
would be applicable to all countries. National defi-
nitions are most commonly based on size of local-
ity. (United Nations, 1998).
V
vehicles: See motor vehicles
238
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International Recommendations on Labour Statis-
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240
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241
242
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Fuel Burning, Cement Production, and Gas Flaring: 1751-
1996 (Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA). See also
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nation1751_2002.ems>
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243
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facts/menu.html>
244
Current United Nations
statistical publications
For a complete catalogue of

publications prepared by the UN
Statistics Division, contact the
Division at:
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facsimile: +1 (212) 963-4569
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tel. +1 (212)963-3489
https://unp.un.org/
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Department of Economic

and Social Affairs

Statistics Division Series V No. 31

United Nations New York 2007

The term “country” as used in this publication also refers, as

The designations “developed” and “developing” regions are intended for

Copyright © United Nations, 2007

This World Statistics Pocketbook is the twenty-

Considerable progress has been made in the last

The World Statistics Pocketbook is prepared by

* Numbers in brackets refer to numbered entries listed in “Statistical

Explanatory notes and abbreviations

Conversion coefficients and factors

Notes on the indicators

[1] Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Global, Re-

For a complete catalogue of

United Nations DC2-1620

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