Design Standards and Guidelines - Denver County Developemnt

2021
Downtown
Design Standards and Guidelines
Arapahoe Square
Central Platte Valley - Auraria
Golden Triangle
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT - APRIL 2021
Prepared by:
City and County of Denver
Community Planning & Development
Downtown Design Standards and Guidelines
Arapahoe Square, Central Platte Valley – Auraria, & Golden Triangle
Acknowledgments
Denver City Council City Attorney’s Office
Candi CdeBaca, Council District 9 Nathan Lucero, Senior Assistant City Attorney
Chris Hinds, City Council District 10 Adam Hernandez, Senior Assistant City Attorney
Amanda Sandoval, City Council District 1
Department of Transportation &

Denver Planning Board
Infrastructure (DOTI)
Joel Noble, Chair Eulois Cleckley, Executive Director
Andrew Abrams
Erin Clark Eric Osmundsen, Manager
Ignacio Correa-Ortiz Jim Turner, Supervisor
Jessica Dominguez Marco Cabanillas, Senior Engineer
Don Elliott
Angelle C. Fouther
Gosia Kung Parks & Recreation
Heidi Majerik
Frank Schultz Allegra “Happy” Haynes, Executive Director
Mary Beth Susman
Michael Swanson, City Forester
Kathleen LeVeque, Manager
Community Planning & Development Mark Bernstein, Project Manager II
Jim Myer, Field Superintendent
Laura Aldrete, Executive Director
Sarah Nurmela, Neighborhood Planning Manager Special Thanks

Chris Gleissner, Manager
Jason Whitlock, Principal City Planner Special thanks to DenverInfill (https://denverinfill.
com/blog/) for the use of photographs by Ken
Project Team Schroeppel and Ryan Dravitz.
#4 - Page 07 #41 - Page 50 #76 - Page 74
Lilly Djaniants, Senior City Planner - Project Manager #16 - Page 28 #42 - Page 51 #91 - Page 85
Abe Barge, Principal City Planner #29 - Page 43 #57 - Page 62 #98 - Page 90
Kristofer Johnson, Principal City Planner #37 - Page 47 #59 - Page 63 #165 - Page 156
Josh Palmeri, Senior City Planner #38 - Page 47 #61 - Page 64 #173 - Page 159
Fran Penafiel, Associate City Planner #39 - Page 48 #66 - Page 67
Krystal Martinez, Senior City Planner
Bridget Rassbach, Urban Design Architect
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Signature Page
RULES AND REGULATIONS
Rules and regulations adopted pursuant to Denver Revised Municipal Code, Section 12.18.
Public hearing held on Date TBD, 2021
DOWNTOWN DENVER DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
Adopted , 2021
APPROVED FOR LEGALITY

City Attorney
APPROVED AND ADOPTED

Laura Aldrete
Executive Director, Community Planning and Development
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES iii
APRIL 2021
Document Contents
Introduction..........................................................................................................................01
Overview...............................................................................................................................................................02
Policy & Regulatory Foundation.............................................................................................................................06
How to Use This Document...................................................................................................................................08
Design Review Process.........................................................................................................................................12
Submittal Requirements.........................................................................................................................................16
Chapter 1 | Site Organization..............................................................................................19

Site Design & Vehicle Access................................................................................................................................22
Street Frontage & Enhanced Setback .....................................................................................................................26
Open Space Configuration.....................................................................................................................................30
Tower Placement & Separation..............................................................................................................................32
Service Area & Utility Location...............................................................................................................................34
Surface Parking.....................................................................................................................................................36
Chapter 2 | Building Mass & Scale.....................................................................................39

Building Massing...................................................................................................................................................42
Streetwall Height ..................................................................................................................................................50
Building Fit and Transitions....................................................................................................................................54
Chapter 3 | Facade Design & Site Design Details...............................................................59

Facade Articulation................................................................................................................................................62
Windows & Transparency..............................................................................................................................................................66
Exterior Building Materials............................................................................................................................................................68
Balconies.....................................................................................................................................................................................70
Design Details for Infill Development......................................................................................................................72
Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions...................................................................................................................76
Street Level Facade Design & Uses........................................................................................................................78
Building Entries ...........................................................................................................................................................................84
Setback & Open Space Design.....................................................................................................................................................86
Awnings & Canopies....................................................................................................................................................................90
Structured Parking Facades...................................................................................................................................92
Building Rooftops..................................................................................................................................................94
Fences, Walls, & Screens......................................................................................................................................96
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

iv DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
APRIL 2021
Chapter 4 | Streetscape Design..........................................................................................99
Introduction to Streetscape Design.......................................................................................................................100
Streetscape Furnishing & Lighting........................................................................................................................102
Streetscape Paving..............................................................................................................................................105
Amenity Zone & Street Trees................................................................................................................................106
Bicycle & Scooter Parking ...................................................................................................................................110
Development Along the 5280 Trail........................................................................................................................112
Public Art ..........................................................................................................................................................114
Stormwater Management & Landscape................................................................................................................118
Chapter 5 | Neighborhood Specific Design........................................................................121

Arapahoe Square.................................................................................................................................................122
Park Avenue West.......................................................................................................................................................................126
20th Street & Broadway..............................................................................................................................................................127
Arapahoe Street & Curtis Street................................................................................................................................................... 128
Welton Street..............................................................................................................................................................................129
Upper Story Setback Alternative for 21st Street & Park Avenue West............................................................................................ 130
Central Platte Valley - Auraria ..............................................................................................................................132
Site Planning..............................................................................................................................................................................134
Tower Floor Plate Separation Alternative...................................................................................................................................... 136
Golden Triangle....................................................................................................................................................138
Acoma Street..............................................................................................................................................................................140
Broadway & Lincoln Street.......................................................................................................................................................... 142
12th Avenue...............................................................................................................................................................................143
11th Avenue & Bannock Street.................................................................................................................................................... 145
Pedestrian Lighting.....................................................................................................................................................................147
Chapter 6 | Building Signs................................................................................................149

Building Sign Location.........................................................................................................................................152
Building Sign Character & Material ......................................................................................................................154
Building Sign Lighting .........................................................................................................................................156
Individual Sign Types – Projecting Signs...............................................................................................................157
Individual Sign Types – Non-Projecting Signs ......................................................................................................158
Glossary of Terms..............................................................................................................161
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES v
APRIL 2021
this page intentionally left blank
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Introduction
Downtown Denver is the cultural and economic heart of the city and of the Rocky
Mountains region. This document aims to ensure the level of design quality and
neighborhood activity generated by new development, renovations, and other
improvements are consistent with the exceptional potential presented by this area.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES Introduction 01
APRIL 2021
Overview
Policy & Regulatory Foundation
How to Use This Document
Overview
Design Review Process
Submittal Requirements
Evolution of Downtown Denver Downtown

Over the last 50 years Denver’s Downtown skyline has Downtown Denver design standards and guidelines
been slowly transforming. Today, Downtown Denver address three distinctive neighborhoods, Arapahoe
has the tallest buildings within at least 500 miles of Square, Central Platte Valley - Auraria and Golden
the city and continues to evolve and grow in response Triangle. As Downtown Denver grows, higher
to urban growth trends, market demands, employment intensity development is taking places in surrounding
opportunities, and improved transportation networks. communities, blurring the contextual boundary between
Downtown and adjacent neighborhoods.
Prior to large high-rise buildings, Downtown Denver
had a dense urban fabric, comprised of stone and brick
buildings, many of which still remain and have been
designated with historic status. These buildings bring
Applicability
a richness to Downtown Denver through their historic The DSG shall apply only to properties with Denver
integrity, building scale, street activation, architectural Zoning Code D-AS-12+, D-AS-20+, D-CPV-T, D-CPV-R,
details, craftsmanship, and quality of finishes. or D-CPV-C, or D-GT zone districts.
• Arapahoe Square design review area is bounded

Much of the high-rise development of the 1970s and
by 20th Street, Park Avenue West, the alley
1980s was driven by maximizing floor plate sizes and
between Lawrence and Larimer, and the alley
generally catered to an auto-oriented culture of oversized
between Welton and Glenarm.
streets. As a result, development often lacked a sense
of street enclosure, ground floor facade transparency, • CPV-Auraria design review area is bounded by
articulation and activation, and did not reflect the Human Speer Boulevard, Interstate 25, the Consolidated
Scale or positively impact the Public Realm. Moreover, Main Line (CML) and the South Platte River.
while Downtown Denver developed with a large core • Golden Triangle design review area is bounded by
of commercial uses, it never realized a true mixed-use Speer Boulevard, 7th Avenue, the alley between
pattern that also included residential, civic, and cultural Lincoln and Sherman St, parts of 14th, 13th,
facilities and Open Space. Denver was not alone in this 12th, and Colfax avenues.
type of planning and development, and many American
cities were plagued with similar outcomes of downtowns All new construction, additions, adaptive reuse, exterior
with active daytime employment centers, but vacant and improvements, signs, and new or expanded outdoor use
dangerous nighttime spaces. More recently, many cities areas proposed in these zone districts shall follow these
have sought to correct this by using zoning and other design standards and guidelines.
tools to encourage a vibrant, 24-hour mix of uses in
downtown locations. This document sets forth design standards and guidelines
that provide the basis for review of proposed development
Through Blueprint Denver, the citywide land use and on private properties and associated improvements in
transportation plan, Downtown has been identified as privately-managed Right-of-Way. Public Right-of-Way
an appropriate place for high intensity development. shall continue to be reviewed by the Department of Public
While continuing to develop a distinctive skyline, Works and their requirements, which may deviate from this
Downtown Denver’s new development should foster document. The Zoning Administrator shall utilize design
a better relationship with the street and Public Realm review findings by staff and the Downtown Design Advisory
through smaller block sizes, facade breakdown, and Board (DDAB) when making a determination of Approval,
intentional building placement. The aim is to achieve a Approval with Conditions, or Denial for proposed projects
built environment that respects the pedestrian, promotes a in Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria, and Golden Triangle.
true mixture of uses, and activates the Public Realm with
successful and vibrant ground floor uses.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
02 Introduction DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
APRIL 2021
Overview
Overview
Highland St
er
Arapahoe Square L ar
im
ho
eS
t Five Points
a
ap
M
ille Ar St
nn
ium CPV Ballpark m
pa
Br
idg
Commons C ha
St
e ia
rn
20
th lifo
St Ca
St
Jefferson oo
p re
et
k
Park W
yn
LODO
16
th
St
re
et
M
all
wy
Broadway St
Pk
Sp
ia
ee
rar
Au
rB
lvd
Uptown
Commercial arm St
Core Glen
17th Ave.
CPV-Auraria Colfax Ave.

Cultural
Core
Lincoln 12th Street

Park
Lincoln St
Capitol
Bannock St
Broadway
Hill
Golden Triangle
The three neighborhoods covered by these Downtown Denver Design Standards and Guidelines are Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria,
and the Golden Triangle. For more detailed description of these areas refer to Chapter 5 - Neighborhood Specific Design.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Overview
Overview
A Vision for High Quality Design

The purpose of the Downtown Denver Design Standards
and Guidelines (DSG) is to foster the vision established by
the variety of neighborhood plans including the Downtown
Area Plan (2007), Downtown Area Plan Amendment (2018),
Northeast Downtown Neighborhoods Plan (2011) and
Golden Triangle Neighborhood Plan (2014) which set clear
expectations for the level of design quality expected for
development of Downtown Denver. The DSG guides the form,
scale, character, and quality of individual projects to ensure
that Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria and Golden Triangle
evolve into mixed-use neighborhoods with a distinctive
identity within the Downtown context.
Downtown Denver’s Guiding Principles

1. A proportionate sense of street enclosure, breakdown of
Development within Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria, and building massing, well-articulated facades, ample sidewalk
Golden Triangle should be well-designed and detailed, such space, and landscape elements all contribute to a comfortable
that it can be appreciated when viewed as a part of the city and engaging street that reflects Human Scale.
skyline and at the most intimate level by the pedestrian. The
guiding principles that follow support the vision for Downtown
Denver by describing the overarching design goals for the
neighborhoods. These principles are further reinforced by
the intent statements, design standards, and guidelines to
support a densely populated, mixed-use neighborhood with a
distinctive identity in Downtown. Each project should express
excellence in design and raise the bar for others to follow.
Sense of Place. A sense of place will be achieved through

a cohesive and well-designed environment that contributes
to one’s perception of being within a particular district. A
neighborhood built around intimate block sizes, proportional
scale relationships between Streetwall height and the width
of the street, and well-detailed architecture that relates to the
street will distinguish this area from others. Activated Off-
Street Pedestrian Connections that become special refuge
areas among busy streets can support a unique identity for the
district. A well-detailed Public Realm that shares a common
design language and engages active ground floor uses
contributes to a legibility and liveliness that is comfortable,
safe, and inviting year-round.
2. A cohesive and well-designed environment, that includes
Human Scale. Moderate block sizes and a fine-grained positive building form and design and the Public Realm
network of pedestrian connections will organize Arapahoe contributes to a sense of place and one’s perception of being
within a particular district.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Overview
Overview
Square, CPV-Auraria, and Golden Triangle into smaller clean water before it enters the South Platte River or Cherry
building sites that promote a sense of Human Scale. Creek. Buildings that are shaped to preserve access to natural
Buildings that clearly define the Streetwall and utilize a light and air also support a vibrant, active, and economically
variety of methods to break down large facades into smaller viable Street Level. Building design and construction will
components further contribute to a comfortable scale in the incorporate sustainable materials and assembly methods
urban environment. Additional architectural elements such as that meet performance and durability criteria using current
windows, fenestration, cornices, and materials, and the design emerging technologies and low impact development
of the streetscape add the final layers that speak to the sense practices.
of Human Scale. The lower four to five stories of the building
are especially important as they are within a pedestrian’s
direct and peripheral view. Above five stories, articulation with
vertical and horizontal elements, like recessed or protruding
balconies, help break down massive building facades.
Creativity. Innovative and distinctive design solutions will

help define the future character of Downtown Denver. Creative
building design that creates distinctive architectural forms
contributes to the sense of place, adds visual interest, and
becomes a beacon for residents, employees, and visitors
to experience. Streets that prioritize people and transit and
incorporate neighborhood-wide Open Space and stormwater
infrastructure can become a green network drawing nature into
the district. Flexibility and creativity are inherent to the design
envisioned for this area with multiple opportunities to push
the boundaries in exchange for other community benefits.
Context. Design in Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria, and

Golden Triangle will consider surrounding buildings,
neighborhoods, and uses to create an interconnected
district with contextual relationships throughout. Building
Massing that responds to the adjacent and surrounding
context supports a coordinated approach to a comfortable
Public Realm and ensures appropriate transitions between
neighboring structures. While each site may be developed
and designed by a different team, thus taking on different
shapes and forms, collectively they are harmonious within the
district and contribute to an overarching idea that is reflective
of its context, zoning, and other natural or human-made
characteristics.
Sustainability. Social, economic, and environmental

sustainability are promoted in Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria,
and Golden Triangle through various mechanisms that occur
at a range of scales. Blocks and streets that incorporate
interconnected Off-Street Pedestrian Connections, Enhanced
3. Social, economic, and environmental sustainability are
Setbacks, Parks and Open Space promote high levels of promoted through various mechanisms that occur at a range of
pedestrian activity and knit together green infrastructure to scales.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Overview
Policy & Regulatory Policy & Regulatory Foundation

Foundation
The Downtown Denver Design Standards and Guidelines Northeast Downtown Neighborhoods
serve as one of several documents that are part of the
City’s planning and development process for Arapahoe Plan 2011
Square, CPV-Auraria, and Golden Triangle. The DSG’s The Northeast Downtown Neighborhoods Plan is the most
are intended to implement adopted City regulations, current planning document for Arapahoe Square. It was
plans, and policies. Key policy and regulatory documents adopted by City Council in 2011 as an element of the
relevant to Downtown are summarized below. All Denver Comprehensive Plan 2000. It is used by public
documents are available for download at www.denvergov. agencies, utility service providers, neighborhood and
org/CPD. business organizations, residents, business owners, land
owners and private developers to shape development and
public improvements in Arapahoe Square.
Comprehensive Plan 2040
Denver Comprehensive Plan 2040 establishes six vision
elements to serve as the backbone of Denver’s future: Downtown Area Plan 2007
Equitable, Affordable and Inclusive; Strong and Authentic The Downtown Area Plan (2007) established more
Neighborhoods; Connected, Safe and Accessible Places; detailed policies for the Downtown area which includes
Economically Diverse and Vibrant; Environmentally Lower Downtown, Commercial Core, Cultural Core, Golden
Resilient; and Healthy and Active. The goals are clear Triangle, Ballpark, Arapahoe Square, Auraria Campus, and
and concise, but are meant to provide flexibility over three distinct areas of the Central Platte Valley.
time. It is used as the guiding document for city leaders,
institutions and community members to shape the city we
will become over the next twenty years.
Downtown Area Plan Amendment 2018
The Downtown Area Plan Amendment establishes
the overall vision and describes a set of goals and
Blueprint Denver 2019 recommendations specifically for CPV-Auraria that directs
Blueprint Denver is a citizen-driven, integrated land-use future development of the area. The policy guidance found
and transportation plan. The plan was adopted by City in the Plan Amendment resulted in new zone districts and
Council in 2019 and aims to enhance Denver life through DSG to shape future projects in CPV-Auraria. The Plan
the three elements of a complete neighborhood: Land Use Amendment provides the most detailed policy direction
and Built Form; Mobility; Quality of Live Infrastructure. for the area.
Blueprint Denver aims to create an inclusive city using the
three elements of complete neighborhoods, by creating
great places accessible to everyone, regardless of age,
ability or income. Blueprint Denver provides a nuanced
Golden Triangle Neighborhood Plan 2014
way to handle growth and development, preserving Golden Triangle Neighborhood Plan sets forth a
our most cherished historic and cultural assets while comprehensive, holistic approach, weaving together
directing growth to key centers, corridors and high density a nuanced set of strategies that collectively foster an
residential areas where there are underutilized land and Eclectic, Connected, Creative, and Livable Golden
strong transportation options. Responsibly handling Triangle.
Denver’s share of the region’s growth can bring positive
economic benefits and placemaking opportunities that
help the city achieve its vision and goals.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Overview
Policy & Regulatory Policy & Regulatory Foundation

Foundation
Denver Revised Municipal Code

The Denver Revised Municipal Code (DRMC) is the
complete code of ordinances for the City and County of
Denver. The Downtown Denver’s Design Standards and
Guidelines are adopted per the Rule-making authority
provided in Section 12.18 of the DRMC.
Denver Zoning Code

The Denver Zoning Code preserves and promotes the
public health, safety and welfare of the City’s residents
and employees and facilitates the growth and expansion
of the City. The code applies context-sensitive zoning
requirements to provide the basic building form, parking,
signage, and land use requirements for all neighborhoods
within the City, including Arapahoe Square (D-AS-12+
and D-AS-20+), CPV-Auraria (D-CPV-T, D-CPV-R, and
D-CPV-C), and Golden Triangle (D-GT).
Section 12.2.8 of the Denver Zoning Code establishes the

Design Advisory Board to review projects according to
4. Blueprint Denver has identified the Downtown area as
these design standards and guidelines. an appropriate location for high intensity development that
incorporates a variety of mobility options.
AMENDMENTS TO THE DESIGN

STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
Denver Downtown Design Standards and Guidelines
are Rules and Regulations adopted according to
the process stated in Section 12.18 of the Denver
Revised Municipal Code (DRMC). All amendments to
the standards and guidelines shall be reviewed and
adopted according to the Section 12.18 process.
5. Downtown Area Plan Amendment recommends additional

amenity spaces to allow for retail spillover, outdoor dining, and
other Street Level activities, while maintaining a comfortable
clear walking path for pedestrians.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Overview

Organization & Format Underlined Text in this Document: Underlined text

indicates a cross reference to a related design topic or
The DSG is organized to follow a typical approach to a hyperlink to a related web site. In electronic (Acrobat
project design. Below is a list of the chapters and general PDF) versions of this document, clicking on an underlined
description of the structure found within Chapters 1-6. cross reference or hyperlink will open the related
Introduction document page or web site. In most versions of Adobe
Acrobat, clicking the Alt + left arrow keys will link back
Chapter 1 | Site Organization to the original page. Underlined text is also used to
Chapter 2 | Building Mass & Scale indicate terms that are defined in the Glossary of Terms.
Chapter 3 | Facade Design & Site Details
Sidebars: These grey boxes offer background information
Chapter 4 | Streetscape Design about a related topic. They do not imply additional
Chapter 5 | Neighborhood Specific Design compliance or requirements.
Chapter 6 | Building Signs
Neighborhood Specific Design Chapter: Chapters 1-4
Glossary of Terms and 6 are generally applicable to all projects in the three
neighborhoods covered by these DSG’s. Chapter 5 is
composed of three sections that specifically address the
Intent Statements establish the objectives to be
achieved for each topic and may also be used to desired design outcome for the individual neighborhoods
determine the appropriateness of alternatives or (Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria, and Golden Triangle)
innovative approaches that do not meet specific based on their unique characteristics, including any
design standards. It is expected that projects will be recommendations regarding Key Streets.
consistent with all relevant intent statements.
Design Standards set prescriptive criteria for
achieving the intent statements. They use the term
“shall” to indicate that compliance is expected and
are numbered by chapter for reference.
Design Guidelines provide additional suggestions
to achieve the intent statements. They use the term
“should” or “consider” and are numbered by chapter
for reference.
Application of the Standards and Guidelines: ILLUSTRATIONS IN THIS DOCUMENT

Projects are expected to be consistent with all relevant The design standards and guidelines include many
intent statements, but not all standards and guidelines photographs and diagrams to illustrate desired
may apply to every project in Arapahoe Square, CPV- approaches. The illustrations are provided as examples
Auraria, and Golden Triangle. Standards and guidelines and are not intended to indicate the only option(s).
that refer to design topics or elements that are not part
of a development or redevelopment project are not If there appears to be a conflict between the text of
applicable. Some standards and guidelines include a list the design standards and guidelines and a related
of appropriate techniques or examples of how compliance illustration, the text shall prevail.
can be met. These lists are informational and not intended
to describe an exclusive or exhaustive set of methods.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Overview

FLEXIBILITY FOR CREATIVE OR

INNOVATIVE DESIGNS
In some cases, an innovative or creative design
approach that does not comply with specific design
standards or guidelines may be approved if it is
consistent with the guiding principles and relevant
intent statements. It is the applicant’s responsibility
to show that an alternative solution is consistent with,
and effectively implements the guiding principles and
intent statements of the Downtown Denver Design
Standards and Guidelines.
The standards and guidelines are intended to present

design principles that encourage development that 6. Example of a cultural use with a creative and innovative
promotes cohesiveness and compatibility with the design.
existing and desired character of Downtown, as well
as excellence in urban design. They are not intended
to restrict innovation, imagination or variety in
design. If an alternative design can be demonstrated
to achieve the desired character and meet the intent
of the standards and guidelines differently than the
general criteria, the Design Advisory Board and City
Staff may consider a substitution.
Flexibility for designs that do not comply with

specific design standards or guidelines could be
especially appropriate for entertainment, cultural and
civic buildings that stand out from the surrounding
context with unique building mass and scale,
transparency, and/or ground floor active use patterns.
7. Example of a commercial use with a creative and innovative

design.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Overview

Using the Design Standards and Guidelines

This document is organized into an Introduction and five Chapters that are used by City Staff, the Design Advisory Board,
and Planning Board to evaluate proposed projects. Project applicants should use the DSG to inform their design decisions
on proposed projects. The Introduction summarizes the design review process and Chapters 1-6 provide specific design
standards and guidelines.
Introduction
USERS
ALL
Used by all to understand the role of the design standards and guidelines, design review phases, and
submittal requirements for each step of the review process.
Chapter 1 | Site Organization

Used by the Design Advisory Board and City Staff to evaluate the arrangement of buildings and
related features on a site, as well as the functional character of those features and how they shape the
Public Realm.
Chapter 2 | Building Mass & Scale

Used by the Design Advisory Board and City Staff to evaluate the three-dimensional mass and scale of
a project and the relationship to the surrounding context.
DESIGN ADVISORY BOARD
CITY STAFF &
Chapter 3 | Facade Design & Site Design Details

Used by the Design Advisory Board and City Staff to evaluate the visual and functional character of
individual buildings, particularly related to the design quality provided at the Street Level, on all
Visible Facades, and in the Public Realm.
Chapter 4 | Streetscape Design

Used by the Design Advisory Board and City Staff to evaluate the treatment of the area between the
street and the Zone Lot line, especially if the street is under private ownership or maintenance. If
this area is within public Right-of-Way, then Department of Transportation and Infrastructure (DOTI)
requirements apply and may deviate from this chapter’s standards and guidelines.
Chapter 5 | Neighborhood Specific Design

Used by the Design Advisory Board and City Staff to evaluate context-specific design solutions, that
address the characteristics and qualities unique to Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria or Golden Triangle.
CITY STAFF &

PLANNING
BOARD
Used by City Staff to review the location and design of all signs in Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria,
and Golden Triangle. This chapter is also used by the Planning Board and City Staff to review
Comprehensive Sign Plans.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Overview

Sample Design Standards and Guidelines Format

To increase clarity and ease-of-use, the individual design standards and guidelines pages in Chapters 1-6 use a typical
format. Below is a sample page to indicate elements of the typical format.
Facade Articulation Street Level Facade Design & Uses

Windows & Transparency Building Entries
A Facade Articulation Exterior Building Materials

Balconies
Setback & Open Space Design
Awnings & Canopies
Structured Parking Facades B
Windows & Transparency Building Rooftops
Fences, Walls, & Screens
C Articulation and transparency of all faces of a building

are important, but those facing streets, Parks, and Open
Design Standards E
Space are most critical. Transparency in the building 3.20 Street Level transparent facade areas shall
facade adds visual interest, contributes to a sense of be located to provide visibility into the
liveliness on the street, and improves safety through Street Level Active Uses required by the
natural surveillance. At a building’s Lower Stories, a Denver Zoning Code.
series of clear and unobstructed views both into and out
of buildings enriches the urban experience for pedestrians
and building occupants alike. 3.21 Street Level windows shall use transparent
glass with a maximum visible light
reflectance of approximately 0.15 to allow
D
pedestrians to view the activity within the
Intent Statements building.
3.E To provide a minimum level of transparency
on all facades
a. Clear glass for wall openings, i.e., doors
and windows, shall be used along all Street
F
Level facades for maximum transparency,
3.F To ensure that building activities are visible especially in conjunction with retail uses
from the Public Realm and vice versa b. Dark tinted, reflective or opaque glazing is
not permitted for any required wall opening
3.G To ensure that building facades do not cause along Street Level facades
glare or negative impacts to the Public
c. Required transparency at the Primary Street
Realm Facing Facades shall not be blocked by
signage, furnishings, or displays
3.H To encourage well-detailed fenestration and
curtain wall designs d. Highly Reflective or mirrored glazing shall
note be allowed
G DENVER ZONING CODE TRANSPARENCY

REQUIREMENTS H
The Denver Zoning Code requires a minimum
Upper
percentage of Street Level transparency (the total Story/
linear feet of windows or permitted alternatives along Tower
the Street Level facade) to provide visual interest, and Facade
activate the street and sidewalk. The design standards
and guidelines in this section are intended to build
on Denver Zoning Code Street Level transparency
requirements.
Lower
Story
Facade
Street
Level
62. Transparency Standards vary for a Street Level Facade,

Lower Story Facade, Upper Story Facade and Tower Facade. I
62 Chapter 3 | Facade Design & Site Details PUBLIC HEARING DRAFT – 03.14.2019 CENTRAL PLATTE VALLEY – AURARIA
A Topic or Subtopic is also identified in the heading.

F
Additional Information is provided as a bulleted list beneath
some standards and guidelines to describe more detailed
B Location of topic or subtopic within the chapter. requirements or appropriate approaches and strategies.
C Narrative of the design goals for each topic or subtopic. G Sidebars provide background information on the design topic
or relationship to the Denver Zoning Code.
D Intent Statements establish the objectives to be achieved for
each topic or subtopic and may also be used to determine the
appropriateness of alternative or innovative approaches that do
H Photographs and Diagrams visually describe the standards
and guidelines.
not meet specific design standards.
I Underlined Text indicates cross references to related
E Design Standards set prescriptive criteria for achieving the document topics and website hyperlinks (in PDF version).
intent statements. They are numbered by chapter for reference Capitalized Text indicates defined terms in the glossary..
and use the term “shall” to indicate that compliance is expected.
E Design Guidelines provide additional suggestions to achieve

the intent statements. They are numbered by chapter for
reference and use the term “should” or “consider.”
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Overview

Summary of Design Review Process the Design Advisory Board. City Staff will determine the
appropriate process for each project on a case-by-case
The design review process is closely coordinated with basis and inform the applicant at the required Pre-
the chapters of this document and is intended to follow Application/Concept Review meeting.
the typical approach to project design. Each project will
be evaluated based on its unique context and attributes. Approval Expiration: Design approvals of each project is
Approval or denial of an individual project will not set tied to the expiration of the approved Site Development
specific precedent for future design review decisions, Plan, unless the nature of the approved phase of the
which will be considered on a case-by-case basis. overall project significantly changes.
At each stage, City Staff will review the submittal and
determine whether the applicant is prepared to proceed
to the Design Advisory Board for review. More than one
submittal may be required by staff before proceeding to
the review meeting with the Design Advisory Board. City
Staff will make a recommendation to the Design Advisory
Board regarding the project’s compliance with the design
standards and guidelines. For some project types that
are smaller in scope, such as exterior improvements or
expanded outdoor use areas, the application may be able
to be reviewed administratively by City Staff or proceed
directly to the Design Review submittal for review by
PROJECT TYPE REVIEWERS REVIEW PROCESS
Project Types Reviewed by the Design Advisory Board

• New building construction and additions • City Staff • Design Advisory Board
• Major exterior building improvements, including significant changes in • Design Design Review Process
materials or transparency Advisory Board (see below)
• Major site improvements, including new or significantly expanded outdoor
use areas in locations that are visible from the street
Project Types Not Reviewed by the Design Advisory Board
• Minor exterior building improvements • City Staff (may • Administrative review
• Minor site improvements, including small expansions to outdoor use areas be referred as part of zoning and/or
or new outdoor use areas in locations that are not visible from the street to Design building permit review
Advisory Board)
• Comprehensive Sign Plans • City Staff (may • See Division 10.10 of the
be referred Denver Zoning Code
to Design
Advisory Board)
• Denver
Planning Board
• Sign permits • City Staff • Administrative review as
part of sign permit review
8. Review Process by Project Type
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Overview

The Design Advisory Board For projects reviewed by the Design Advisory Board, the
following standard review process applies.
The Design Advisory Board is empowered through the
Denver Zoning Code to advise and assist the Community DOWNTOWN DENVER CITYWIDE SDP
Planning and Development Department in the design DESIGN REVIEW PROCESS PROCESS
review process. The board is composed of Downtown
residents, property owners, design professionals, and real OPTIONAL INFORMAL
estate development industry representatives who help URBAN DESIGN WORKSHOP
ensure that projects are developed in accordance with
these DSG’s. See www.denvergov.org/downtowndesign for
more information.
1. PRE-APPLICATION/CONCEPT
CONCEPT
The Design Advisory Board advises on the project types REVIEW MEETING
REVIEW
listed below. New signs and Comprehensive Sign Plans WITH CITY STAFF
are not reviewed by the Design Advisory Board and are
subject to the standard citywide review processes as
described in the table. For all types of review, the DSG’s 2A. SITE DESIGN & MASSING
shall be used in conjunction with the Denver Zoning REVIEW SUBMITTAL
Code D-AS-12+, D-AS-20+, D-CPV-T, D-CPV-R, (Chapters 1, 2 & 5)
D-CPV-C, or D-GT zone districts, and all other applicable
regulations. The Design Advisory Board shall work
within the established design review process to provide 2B. SITE DESIGN & MASSING
recommendations regarding project approval to the City’s REVIEW MEETING WITH BOARD *
Zoning Administrator.
3A. DESIGN REVIEW

FORMAL SDP
SUBMITTAL(S) **
SUBMITTAL(S)
(Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5)
3B. DESIGN REVIEW

MEETING(S) WITH BOARD **
4. FINAL DETERMINATION
SDP
APPROVAL***
* May be waived by City Staff for smaller projects

** May require multiple Design Review submittal and
meetings prior to receiving a Board recommendation
***Must be approved by other applicable City agencies
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Overview

Informal Urban Design Workshop 2B. Site Design and Massing Review
An optional Urban Design Workshop with City Staff is Meeting
encouraged to help facilitate an early understanding of
In a public meeting, the Design Advisory Board will
unique Denver Zoning Code requirements in the D-AS-
review the Site Design and Massing Review submittal.
12+, D-AS-20+, D-CPV-T, D-CPV-R, D-CPV-C, or D-GT
This will provide an opportunity for early input from the
zone districts and their relationship to these design
Design Advisory Board related to the relationship of the
standards and guidelines. The goal of the Urban Design
proposed project to the surrounding context, site layout,
Workshop is to establish a baseline of building character
access, location of building program and uses, and overall
and design quality at the project’s conception that aligns
scale and massing. City Staff and the applicant (or the
with the recommendations of the DSG. This meeting
applicant’s designee) will present the item to the Design
should occur prior to the Pre-Application/Concept Review
Advisory Board. Following the presentation, the Design
Meeting to identify and address possible conflicts early
Advisory Board shall discuss the merits of the application
on in the process.
and provide input to the applicant on how well the project
complies with the design standards and guidelines. Design
1. Pre-Application/Concept Review Advisory Board feedback will provide direction to help the
applicant further develop a full Design Review submittal.
Meeting
Only one Site Design and Massing Review meeting will
A required Pre-Application/Concept Review Meeting
be required in a typical process, but a significant change
with City Staff will address the design review process
in the project may result in the Design Advisory Board
and submittal requirements necessary at each step.
requesting a second review. A project must proceed
This meeting provides an opportunity for discussion of
through the Site Design and Massing Review meeting and
the proposed project with other various City agencies
incorporate Design Advisory Board comments prior to
that may affect the overall design. The Concept Review
submitting a Formal SDP.
meeting that is required for the citywide Site Development
Plan (SDP) review process may also serve as the Pre-
Application/Concept Review for the purpose of these DSG.
3A. Design Review Submittal(s)
Once the applicant has completed the Site Design and
2A. Site Design and Massing Review Massing Review meeting with the Design Advisory Board,
and concurrent with the Formal SDP submittal, the Design
Submittal Review submittal may occur. The Design Review submittal
Following the Pre-Application/Concept Review meeting, shall incorporate Design Advisory Board feedback from
and prior to a Formal SDP submittal, an applicant the Site Design and Massing Review and include more
may submit materials for review of the general site detailed architectural and streetscape elements of the
organization and massing of the proposed project. proposed project. The submittal shall address items
The submittal shall focus on the design standards and reviewed previously and include additional topics found
guidelines found in “Chapter 1 | Site Organization” and in “Chapter 3 | Facade Design & Site Design Details”,
“Chapter 2 | Building Mass & Scale” and any relevant “Chapter 4 | Streetscape Design” and “Chapter 5 |
portions of “Chapter 5 Neighborhood Specific Design” of Neighborhood Specific Design”of this document.
this document. More detailed design elements described
in “Chapter 3 | Facade Design & Site Design Details,” and
“Chapter 4 | Streetscape Design” should not be included
in the submittal.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Overview

3B. Design Review Meeting(s)

In a public meeting, the Design Advisory Board will review
the Design Review submittal. City Staff and the applicant
(or the applicant’s designee) will present the item to the
Design Advisory Board. Following the presentation, the
Design Advisory Board shall discuss the merits of the
application and provide input to the applicant on how the
project complies with the design standards and guidelines.
In the Design Review meeting, the Design Advisory

Board will review the topics found in all chapters of
this document. However, Site Design and Massing
characteristics addressed in Step 2 are expected to be
largely resolved by this step in the review process. The
Design Advisory Board may require additional submittal
materials and/or subsequent meetings prior to making a
recommendation.
At the conclusion of the Design Review meeting,

the Design Advisory Board shall make a formal
recommendation of Approval, Approval with Conditions,
or Denial to the Zoning Administrator.
4. Final Determination
The Zoning Administrator, utilizing the recommendation of
the Design Advisory Board, will make a final determination
of Approval, Approval with Conditions, or Denial for the
submitted application.
The Department of Transportation and Infrastructure,

Department of Parks and Recreation Office of the City
Forester (City Forester), and other departments or
agencies will also review and approve specific aspects of
most applications through the SDP process. Review by
other departments and agencies applies to all projects
in the City and County of Denver and is not unique to
Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria, or Golden Triangle
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Overview
This checklist applies to new construction and additions. Site Design and Massing Review
The Design Advisory Board will not review an application
that is incomplete. The following materials are required Submittal (2A)
prior to scheduling a Site Design and Massing Review or
Design Review meeting with the Design Advisory Board.
□ Downtown Denver DSG checklist addressing
compliance with the topics in Chapters 1 and 2.
Submittal items may be combined where appropriate and
required information is still clearly communicated. When □ Project goal statement defining the overall
necessary, the Design Advisory Board or City Staff may goals and objectives of the project including the
request additional information from the applicant to describe program of uses and role within the context of the
compliance with the design standards and guidelines. neighborhood. The narrative should identify how
the project addresses applicable neighborhood and
In addition to submittal requirements listed below, refer small area plan policies in the DSG.
to the Downtown Design Advisory Board web page for a
checklist of submittal documents. □ Project design intent statement defining the
design intent of the project and describing how the
proposed development meets the Downtown Denver
DSG. If a standard is not met, the applicant must
Concept Review Submittal (1) demonstrate in the narrative how the proposed
alternative better achieves the intent statement.
□ Project goal statement defining the overall
goals and objectives of the project including the □ Context map showing the location of the project
program of uses and role within the context of the within Downtown Denver.
neighborhood.
□ Context photograph(s) showing the project
□ Context map showing the location of the project location in relationship to surrounding buildings
within Downtown Denver. and context. These photos should include a
comprehensive view of any adjacent building
□ Context photograph(s) showing the project location elevations and other existing development or
in relationship to surrounding buildings and features that could influence the proposed project.
context.
□ Massing analysis to demonstrate how the proposed
□ Block context analysis that examines the project may influence views, access to light and
relationship of the project to the block where it is air, shadow impacts, etc. on neighboring streets,
located. properties, and Open Space.
□ Conceptual site plan (scaled, dimensioned and □ Neighborhood context analysis that examines the
labeled): area within a ¼ mile radius from the site. The
neighborhood context analysis should evaluate
□ Conceptual building massing studies (scaled, topics that could include, but are not limited to:
dimensioned and labeled): a. major streets and block patterns
□ Architectural and landscape design precedents. b. vehicular access

c. pedestrian/bicycle routes and connections
d. transit routes, stations, and stops
e. Parks and natural features
f. surrounding building character (heights,
materials, etc.)
g. historic landmark properties
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Overview
h. Street Level uses □ Schematic site plan (scaled, dimensioned and

i. Public Realm elements (setback patterns, labeled):
Enhanced Commercial Setback and Open a. property lines and Zone Lot boundaries
Space areas, sidewalks, Amenity Zones, street b. required setbacks
trees, etc,)
c. site access and circulation
j. amenities and destinations (community d. building footprints, including Tower locations
centers, museums, entertainment, trails, (if applicable)
libraries, schools, retail areas, etc.)
e. Street Level uses
k. topographic information (where significant)
f. site amenities, such as furnishings, lighting,
□ Block context analysis that examines the Open Space, or Enhanced Setbacks
relationship of the project to the block where it is
located. The block context analysis should evaluate
□ Conceptual building sections, floor plans, and all
elevations (scaled and dimensioned)
topics that could include, but are not limited to:
a. size of the block and arrangement of individual
property boundaries or Zone Lots
□ Three-dimensional conceptual building massing
with views taken at the Street Level incorporating
b. location and size of public streets, Alleys or photography of the surrounding context. Aerial
Private Access Drives, vehicular access points, birds-eye views are encouraged, but optional.
and Off-Street Pedestrian Connections
c. Public Realm elements (setback patterns, □ Images and graphic representations of:
Enhanced Commercial Setback and Open
Space areas, sidewalks, Amenity Zones, street a. street sections to communicate street
trees, etc,) enclosure relationships
d. Historic Resources b. conceptual building program and uses
e. existing and proposed building footprints c. image precedents of the proposed design
f. existing and proposed building heights character and quality of the project
g. existing and proposed Tower separation □ If Towers are proposed, provide plans (scaled
h. existing and proposed building entrances and dimensioned) showing floor plate size, linear
i. existing and proposed Street Level land uses dimension, and separation requirements from
neighboring properties
□ Building Massing elevation analysis showing the
elevation of the proposed project in context with the □ If a project is seeking the Tower Floor Plate
elevations of adjacent buildings and block face Separation Alternative, provide a narrative description
and analysis showing compliance with these
a. interior Zone Lots should include the entire
requirements. See ”Chapter 5 | Neighborhood
block
Specific Design”.
b. corner Zone Lots should include both block
faces and buildings across the street □ If a project is seeking the Tower Floor Plate
Linear Dimension Alternative, provide a narrative
description and analysis showing compliance with
these specific requirements. See “Chapter 2 |
Building Mass & Scale”.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Overview
Design Review Submittal (3A) □ Images and graphic representations of:

a. street sections to describe street enclosure
□ Downtown DSG checklist addressing compliance relationships
with the topics in Chapters 1, 2, 3, and 4.
b. proposed building program and uses
□ The following items listed above in the Site Design c. elevations and details showing compliance
and Massing submittal checklist (revised as with Street Level facade design and building
necessary): articulation standards
a. project goal statement d. streetscape details, materials, etc.
b. project design intent statement e. landscape details, materials, etc.
c. context map
□ Lighting plan and renderings showing the location
d. context photographs and character of pedestrian site lighting and
e. massing analysis exterior building lighting.
f. neighborhood context analysis
□ Window glazing details with architectural notation
g. block context analysis on elevations and sections to demonstrate
h. building elevation analysis compliance with transparency standards for Street
Level Facades, Lower Story Facades, Upper Story
□ Detailed site plans (scaled and dimensioned): Facades, and Tower Facades.
a. property lines and Zone Lot boundaries
□ List of all external building materials and image
b. required setbacks examples each material. Physical samples may
c. site access and circulation need to be provided upon request.
d. proposed building footprints, including Tower
locations (if applicable) □ Color and/or material samples to depict color,
texture and material quality for construction (as
e. Street Level uses needed).
f. site amenities, such as furnishings, lighting,
Open Space, or Enhanced Setbacks □ If Towers are proposed, provide plans (scaled
g. streetscape plan and dimensioned) showing floor plate size, linear
dimension, and separation requirements from
h. landscape plan neighboring properties
i. grading plan
□ If a project is seeking the Tower Floor Plate
□ Detailed building sections, floor plans, and all Separation Alternative, provide a narrative
elevations (scaled and dimensioned), including description and analysis showing compliance with
indication of potential future locations for signage. these requirements. See ”Chapter 5 | Neighborhood
Specific Design”.
□ Three-dimensional conceptual building massing
with views taken at the Street Level incorporating □ If a project is seeking the Tower Floor Plate
photography of the surrounding context. Aerial Linear Dimension Alternative, provide a narrative
birds-eye views are optional, but encouraged description and analysis showing compliance with
to help communicate the relationship to the these specific requirements. See “Chapter 2 |
surrounding context. Building Mass & Scale”.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Chapter 1 | Site Organization
Site Organization addresses the arrangement of pedestrian
connections, vehicle access, and service areas, as well as the
spatial relationships of individual buildings and tower elements
to the Public Realm.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES Chapter 1 | Site Organization 19
APRIL 2021
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
F
C
B G
Site Organization Overview
A Alley, Private Access Drive, and Off-Street

•
Pedestrian Connections E
•
B Vehicle Access
•
C Street Frontage
•
D Enhanced Commercial Setback
•
E Open Space
D
•
F Tower Placement
• Service Areas & Utilities

G
•
H Surface Parking
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Site Design & Vehicle Access Surface Parking
Site Design & Vehicle Street Frontage & Enhanced Setback

Open Space Configuration
Topic Title
Access
Tower Placement & Separation
Service Area & Utility Location
As the city changes, retaining significant and Intent Statements

irreplaceable building and block typologies helps
preserve neighborhood character, scale, and overall 1.A To reinforce traditional urban block and lot
atmosphere. This can be achieved when new development typology that reinforces typical block and
is sensitive to existing lot dimensions, building setbacks, alley patterns and reflects the original zone
facade modulation, and overall consistency of block lot rhythm
layout.
1.B To break up long facades into components
Vehicle access addresses the location and design of that add interest to massing and facade wall
Alleys, Private Access Drives, and Vehicle Access Points and promote Human Scale
into blocks and buildings from surrounding streets. 1.C To promote continuity of Street Level activity
and minimize pedestrian conflicts
1.D To encourage vehicular access through

alleys or private access drives
Design Standards
1.01 Where patterns of streets and Alleys already
exist, blocks shall maintain an Alley grid
system.
1.02 Where use of an Alley or Private Access Drive

is not feasible to provide consolidated vehicle
access, the number of Vehicle Access Points
from the street shall be limited.
Limit access points based on lot width (as
measured from Zone Lot Line to Zone Lot Line):
a. Zone Lot Widths 350 feet or less
b. All frontages of any length on a Key Street
shall have a maximum of one access point
c. Zone Lot Widths over 350 feet: Two access
points
Note that this standard shall be coordinated with
Site Development Plan Review and DOTI.
1.03 Vehicle access points shall be located and

designed to minimize impacts on the Public
Realm.
a. Avoid locating Vehicle Access Points along
Key Streets
b. Do not locate a Vehicle Access Point
9. An Off-Street Pedestrian Connection should link together adjacent to a Park or Open Space
Open Spaces or residential uses.
c. Limit the width of driveways
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
22 Chapter 1 | Site Organization DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
APRIL 2021

Access
d. Recess vehicle access doors or entries from

the street
e. Consider using special paving materials to
differentiate pedestrian and vehicle use areas
1.04 Vehicle entries facing a Primary Street shall be

located and dimensioned to minimize vehicular
impacts on pedestrians.
a. Set back the access door at least 5 feet from
the building facade
b. Limit the width of the access to no more than
25 feet
1.05 An Alley or Private Access Drive that is also

intended to serve as an Off-Street Pedestrian
Connection shall be designed to promote
pedestrian use.
1.06 An Alley or Private Access Drive with an

entrance on the South Platte Riverfront shall
be designed to also serve as an Off-Street 10. Off-Street Pedestrian Connections shall be designed
Pedestrian Connection. to promote pedestrian use, which may include pedestrian-
oriented lighting and active commercial uses.
1.07 An Off-Street Pedestrian Connection shall be

designed to promote pedestrian use.
Off-Street Pedestrian Connection shall have:
a. A minimum width of 15 feet
b. The majority of its length open to the sky
(uncovered)
c. Open public access during at least business
hours, preferably 24 hours
d. Pedestrian-oriented lighting
e. Residential or commercial uses along at
least part of its length (see”Street Level
Facade Design & Uses” on page 78)
f. Connections to adjacent Open Spaces, Parks,
or the South Platte Riverfront. (See ”Street
Level Facade Design & Uses” on page 78)
g. Special paving materials or other elements to
distinguish pedestrian use areas from vehicle
use areas when an Off-Street Pedestrian
Connection is integrated into a Private
Access Drive 11. Limiting the width of driveways and consolidating vehicle
and utility access areas can help minimize pedestrian impacts.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021

Access
1.08 If passenger loading areas cannot be

accommodated in an Alley or Private Access
Drive, Primary Street facing passenger loading
areas shall be designed to minimize pedestrian
impacts.
Appropriate locations include:
a. A full-time curbside drop off lane that does
not require narrowing of the Amenity Zone or
sidewalk
b. Within an Interior Vehicle Court or off-street
parking facility
Inappropriate locations include:
c. Between the sidewalk and building entrance,
such as a porte cochere
1.09 On-street passenger loading areas shall not

encroach into the Amenity Zone or sidewalk,
and to be further reviewed, coordinated, and
approved with DOTI.
12. This Private Access Drive primarily serves as an Off-Street

Design Guidelines Pedestrian Connection and can also accommodate vehicle
access to parking areas.
1.10 Zone lots located on the same block frontage

should share vehicle access using an Alley or
Private Access Drive.
Note that a Private Access Drive may connect to
an Interior Vehicle Court rather than connecting
between two frontages.
DOTI REVIEW OF VEHICLE ACCESS
1.11 Alleys, Private Access Drives and Off-Street
Pedestrian Connections with an entrance on Vehicle access, including the design of Private
the South Platte Riverfront or Cherry Creek Access Drives, is subject to review and approval by
trail should be oriented to frame views of the the Department of Transportation and Infrastructure.
river or creek. In some cases, DOTI review may result in required
changes that deviate from the design standards and
guidelines.
1.12 New developments should avoid artificially
raised or lowered grades where possible.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Access
13. Blocks shall be configured to consolidate Vehicle Access Points using Alleys or Private Access Drives.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Street Frontage & Street Frontage & Enhanced Setback

Enhanced Setback
The configuration of the street frontage, including building Intent Statements

setback locations, establishes the interface between the
edges of a block and the adjacent Public Realm. Building 1.E To ensure active pedestrian-oriented streets
frontages along a block will generally be configured into
one of the following frontage types: 1.F To promote engagement between building
uses and the Public Realm
• Building facades located near the minimum
Primary Street setback defined by the Denver 1.G To encourage provision of additional space
Zoning Code for pedestrian activity and related amenities
• An Enhanced Commercial Setback to extend the 1.H To ensure that landscaping accommodates
Public Realm between the sidewalk and building ground level transparency
(see “Enhanced Commercial Setbacks” on page
27)
• An Enhanced Residential Setback to provide
a transition from the Public Realm to private DENVER ZONING CODE STREET
residential units at the Street Level (see
“Enhanced Residential Setbacks” on page 27) FRONTAGE REQUIREMENTS
The design standards and guidelines in this section The Denver Zoning Code provides specific requirements
promote pedestrian-oriented frontage configurations that related to building frontage, including minimum
reflect the desired character of adjacent streets and uses, setbacks (which vary for Street Level residential units),
including riverfront and corner locations. maximum build-to ranges and minimum Private Open
Space areas on larger Zone Lots.
New development that reinforces desired existing patterns The design standards and guidelines in this section
of frontages and setbacks enrich and support these build from the Denver Zoning Code requirements and
familiar qualities of the city. provide additional guidance regarding the location and
design of frontage elements.
14. The configuration of the street frontage, including setback and Open Space locations, establishes the interface between the
edges of a block and the adjacent Public Realm.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Enhanced Setback
Design Standards ENHANCED COMMERCIAL SETBACKS

1.13 Street frontages shall be configured to
promote pedestrian activity around the edges
of a block.
Appropriate techniques include:
a. An Enhanced Commercial Setback of at
least 5 feet to extend the Public Realm
between the sidewalk and building where
significant pedestrian traffic or outdoor uses
are anticipated, especially along Key Streets
in Chapter 5 and the South Platte Riverfront
(see Standard 1.14) An Enhanced Commercial Setback is the additional
b. An Enhanced Residential Setback of at least space created when buildings with Street Level frontages
7 feet (15 feet on the South Platte Riverfront) that do not contain residential units are set back at least
to provide a transition from the Public Realm 5 feet from the Primary Street property line, but are
to private residential units at the Street Level still positioned within the Primary Street build-to range
(see Standard 1.15) provided in the Denver Zoning Code. They can range in
c. One or more Open Spaces at a primary size from modest setback areas provided by building
building entry or access point to an Off- offsets to larger areas with outdoor patio seating,
Street Pedestrian Connection, especially landscaping or other amenities.
along the South Platte River
d. Building facades set back less than 5 feet
from the Primary Street property line may
be acceptable where there is sufficient ENHANCED RESIDENTIAL SETBACKS
pedestrian space in the Right-of-Way and no
outdoor use areas are planned between the
building facade and street
1.14 An Enhanced Commercial Setback shall be

configured to promote pedestrian activity
along the street frontage.
a. Locate Enhanced Commercial Setback at-
grade with the adjacent sidewalk
b. Activate an Enhanced Commercial Setback
with pedestrian-oriented design features,
such as public art, water feature, outdoor An Enhanced Residential Setback is the additional space
seating, lighting, landscaping, entry canopy, created when buildings with Street Level frontages
signage, enhanced entry, etc. (See”Street
containing residential units are set back at least 7 feet (15
Level Facade Design & Uses” on page 78)
feet on the River) from the Primary Street property line, but
are still positioned within the Primary Street build-to range
provided in the Denver Zoning Code. They provide space
for a transition from the Public Realm to private residential
units, which may include porches, stoops, landscaping
and other features.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Enhanced Setback
1.15 An Enhanced Residential Setback shall be

configured to provide a transition between
the Public Realm and adjacent Street Level
residential uses.
a. Provide a clear visual view and connection
between the Public Realm and entries to
residential units
b. Incorporate design features to provide a
public-private transition such as stoops,
landscaping, terraces, and raised entryways
(see “Street Level Facade Design & Uses” on
page 78)
Design Guidelines
1.16 Enhanced Commercial Setback areas should
be located in areas where limited sidewalk
width otherwise prevents outdoor use areas.
15. An Enhanced Commercial Setback is appropriate to
extend the Public Realm between the sidewalk and building
where significant pedestrian traffic or outdoor uses are
1.17 The location of the Primary Street facade anticipated.
should generally align with established
setback patterns on adjacent Zone Lots.
Note that adjusted setback patterns may be
appropriate to accommodate an enhanced
setback, or to improve street enclosure ratio (see
“Streetwall Height” on page 50.).
1.18 When existing setbacks vary on either side

of a building site, an infill building should be
located to align with the most appropriate
setback or create a transition between the
two.
1.19 At the intersection of two Primary Streets,

the frontages should be configured to clearly
define the corner and enhance a sense of
street enclosure.
a. Locate building facades less than 5 feet from
the Primary Street property line
b. Use a distinctive building corner treatment
to highlight a primary building entry (see 16. An Open Space shall be configured to promote
“Building Entries” on page 84.). pedestrian connections between the Public Realm and private
development.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Enhanced Setback
Residential building with

private residential entries
Amenity zone
Minimum of 6 feet wide

sidewalk
Enhanced setback for
private residential entry
Residential building with

ground floor retail
Amenity zone
18. An Enhanced Residential Setback shall be configured to
Minimum of 6 feet wide provide a transition between the Public Realm and adjacent
sidewalk residential uses.
ground floor commercial
spillover
Commercial building
frontage
Amenity zone
Minimum of 6 feet wide
sidewalk
office building entry
17. Street Level Active Uses can incorporate Enhanced 19. Enhanced Commercial Setback areas should be located in
Setbacks to provide additional space for pedestrian movement, areas where limited sidewalk width otherwise prevents outdoor
outdoor use areas, landscaping, and other related amenities. use areas.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Street Frontage & Enhanced Setback

As Downtown Denver continues to grow, the need for Intent Statements

Open Space becomes even more important. Private
development can contribute to an open space network 1.I To support adjacent existing or planned open
that is thoughtfully integrated into the built urban fabric. space networks
When properly designed and managed, Open Space can
improve the pedestrian experience by serving a variety of 1.J To break down long building frontages
outdoor uses in the form of plazas, forecourts, landscaped 1.K To ensure sunlight is maximized within Open
setbacks, mid-block pedestrian connections, courtyards, Spaces
gardens, playgrounds and dog parks. A network of
Open Space contributes much needed areas for retreat, 1.L To provide areas for pedestrian respite and
relaxation, and recreation in the urban environment where accommodate a variety of outdoor uses
parkland is scarce. Open Space can also serve as an area
of activation and socialization allowing for spillover of 1.M To promote the safety and visibility of Open
ground floor retail spaces. Space
Open Space must be considered concurrent with site

design and building programming, as part of an iterative
design process that considers size, placement, sun OPEN SPACE
exposure, accessibility and visibility from the right-of-
way. In addition to appropriate location of Open Space, For the purpose of these design standards and
the use and format are to be appropriated to reflect guidelines, an Open Space is a privately-owned space
the needs of the neighborhood and support citywide that is adjacent to and physically open to the street,
objectives. allowing public access at least during business hours
and meeting specific Denver Zoning Code criteria
applicable to Private Open Space.
Examples include privately-owned courtyards, plazas,

and similar features. An Open Space is differentiated
from an Enhanced Setback by its dimensions, which
may extend beyond the maximum build-to range
specified in the Denver Zoning Code, but typically
would occur along only a limited percentage of the
street frontage. It is differentiated from a Park because
it is privately-owned and would generally not provide
neighborhood-level recreation space.
20. Open Space should aim to accommodate landscaping,

seating, lighting, and protection from the elements.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Design Standards 1.24 Open Space, such as forecourts, plazas,

and gardens, should be used to enhance
1.20 Open Space shall be configured to promote prominent building entrances.
pedestrian connections between the Public
Realm and private development. 1.25 Open Space should accommodate a
a. Locate Open Space to serve as a continuation combination of the following elements:
of the Public Realm. a. Landscaping,
b. Locate Open Space at the same elevation as b. Seating,
the adjacent sidewalk whenever possible.
c. Lighting,
Where significant elevation differences exist
between the Public Realm and Open Space, d. Protection from the elements, and
maintain at least one primary at-grade e. Public art
connection with the sidewalk.
c. Locate and orient Open Space to maximize
1.26 Large Open Spaces, of 12,000 square feet or
sky exposure and solar gain in winter months
for human comfort more, should be designed to create smaller
defined sub-areas that reflect the human
d. Configure Open Space to provide a direct scale.
visual connection to the Public Realm.
e. Activate Open Space with pedestrian-
oriented design features (see ”Street Level 1.27 Open Space should minimize hardscape
Facade Design & Uses” on page 78) paving and maximize landscaped surfaces.
f. Where possible locate Open Space to See Streetscape Design Guidelines in Chapter 4.
highlight access to an Off-Street Pedestrian
Connection
1.21 The scale of Open Space shall be well

sized and proportioned (not fragmented) to
accommodate functional uses.
a. A minimum of 500 square feet is desired
with at least 15 feet in any dimension.
Design Guidelines
1.22 Open Space should be located to create a
consistent network of Open Spaces throughout
the block, street and neighborhood.
1.23 Open Space should be located and

sized to accommodate a variety of uses
complementary to the adjacent building uses.
Note: Consider dog parks and playgrounds at
residential buildings, and plazas with landscaping
21. Configure Open Space to provide a direct visual
and seating for commercial uses. connection to the Public Realm.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Tower Placement & Street Frontage & Enhanced Setback

Topic Title
Separation
Tower placement and separation addresses the location of

Tower building elements when using the Denver Zoning
Code Standard Tower or Point Tower building forms,
including the orientation of tower elements and separation
between towers.
The design standards and guidelines in this section

promote Tower locations and orientations that preserve
access to sunlight, frame views and maintain spacing
between towers along the skyline. They also promote
Tower designs that are located or stepped back from the
Lower Story Facade to preserve Human Scale, reinforce
the Lower Stories as the defining element of the Public
Realm, and enhance pedestrian comfort by interrupting
any downward wind shear from a Tower.
Tower placement and separation work together with Tower 22. Appropriately locating Towers will protect access to light
and air and promote Human Scale at the Street Level.
massing and design to determine the overall visual and
physical effects on adjacent properties and the Public
Realm. Tower massing, including floor plate alternatives,
are addressed in “Building Massing” on page 42. Tower
design details are addressed in “Facade Articulation” on
page 62.
Intent Statements
1.N To ensure access to light and air from the
Street Level
1.O To promote visual permeability from within

and outside the neighborhood
1.P To promote Human Scale at the Street Level
1.Q To promote building forms that contribute

positively to the Denver skyline
1.R To provide daylight to uses located in Towers
1.S To promote context sensitive design
23. Illustration of tower location options.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Tower Placement & Street Frontage & Enhanced Setback

Separation
Design Standards Design Guidelines

1.28 Towers shall be located and oriented to 1.30 Tower placement, spacing, and orientation
preserve light and air and promote Human should be sensitive to existing and planned
Scale at the Street Level. buildings.
Appropriate techniques include: Appropriate techniques include:
a. Orient a Tower perpendicular to the nearest a. Positioning and orienting a Tower to preserve
street frontage unless such orientation views and sky exposure from adjacent
would not maximize tower separation or sky properties, Open Spaces, building amenity
exposure areas and the Public Realm
b. Set a Tower back from the Lower Story b. Using a Waldram Diagram to evaluate the
Facade by a minimum of 15 feet building design to maximize sky exposure
c. Where a Lower Story Facade is setback 15 from adjacent streets and the Public Realm
feet or more, align the tower with that portion
of the Lower Story Facade 1.31 Towers should be staggered when located in a
d. Extend a Tower directly above a Lower Story clustered arrangement to create visual interest
Facade at a building corner located at the within the skyline.
intersection of two Primary Streets.
a. Offset the towers in plan of sufficient
1.29 Towers shall be located and oriented to measure that achieves a vertical staggering
minimize impacts on adjacent Historic effect when viewed from a distance
Resources, Character Buildings, or lower- b. Vary the height of the Towers by 5 stories or
scale zone districts. more to provide a difference in height that
Appropriate techniques include: can be perceived at the Street Level
a. Stepping the building away from Historic
Resources, Character Buildings, or lower- 1.32 Towers should be placed to maximize the
scale zone districts. distance between the Tower and adjacent
b. Providing an intentional setback by a building facades beyond the minimum
minimum of 15 feet away from Historic requirements.
Resources, Character Buildings, or lower-
scale zone districts.
1.33 Towers should be located to serve as visual
anchors at important locations.
Appropriate locations include:
a. Intersection of Key Streets
b. Transit node
c. Large public Park
d. At Gateway Corners
1.34 Towers should be placed and oriented to

improve building energy performance, natural
ventilation, and daylighting.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Service Area & Utility Street Frontage & Enhanced Setback

Location
Service area and utility configuration addresses the Design Standards

location and functional characteristics of the services and
utilities that support residential and commercial uses that 1.35 Service areas and utilities shall be located and
activate the neighborhood. configured to minimize impacts on the Public
Realm.
Service areas may include, but are not limited to:
Appropriate service area and utility locations
• Waste/recycling storage and collection areas include:
• Loading docks a. Along an Alley or Private Access Drive
b. Within a building, to the rear with other
Utilities may include, but are not limited to: back-of-house uses or beneath the Street
Level
• Vents
c. Within a building alcove when locating
• Meters along an Alley or Private Access Drive is not
• Transformers and mechanical equipment possible (see also Guideline 1.41)
• Telecommunications equipment d. Within a sub-surface vault or elevator
Inappropriate service area and utility locations
The design standards and guidelines promote service area include:
and utility configurations that are concealed within and e. Adjacent to an Enhanced Setback or Open
behind buildings to promote a safer, more comfortable, Space
and attractive Public Realm and pedestrian environment.
f. Adjacent to a building entry
g. Any frontage facing the South Platte Riverfront
Intent Statements
1.36 Dumpsters or other waste, recycling or
1.T To reduce conflicts between servicing composting receptacles associated with
activities, pedestrians, and cyclists building uses shall be located and configured
to be visually away and screened from the
1.U To minimize the visibility and impact of Public Realm.
service areas to the Public Realm
See “Fences, Walls, & Screens” on page 96.
1.V To promote the use of Alleys or Private
Access Drives as the primary means of
accessing service areas and utilities
1.W To protect Enhanced Setback areas, Open

Spaces and other highly pedestrian-
PUBLIC UTILITY REQUIREMENTS
oriented areas from noise and odor impacts
associated with service areas Denver’s local utility provider, Xcel Energy, must
approve utility locations. The utility provider also
1.X To minimize and discourage multiple curb
reserves the right to install utilities in permanent on-
cuts along Primary Streets
site locations.
1.Y To integrate utility and mechanical systems
into facade elements
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Service /
Loading Area/
Parking Garage
Entrance
Residential Units
with Street Level
Off-Street Entrances
Parking
25. On-site loading, service areas, and utilities shall be located on the Alley or Private Access Drive, or within the building mass and
away from pedestrian focused areas such as sidewalks or Open Space.
Design Guidelines
1.37 Access to service areas should be through 1.41 To the extent possible, bundle variety of
Vehicle Access Points shared with other utility services into a single area, creating a
service areas or uses to minimize pedestrian designated utility corridor to minimize use and
and Public Realm impacts. disruption to the Public Realm.
See Standard 1.03 for additional information.
1.38 When not located along an Alley or Private

Access Drive, utilities should be located within
a building alcove, utility room, or landscaped
area and be fully screened from the Public
Realm.
1.39 Where service areas and utilities are not

located away from the Public Realm, they
should be screened to limit negative impacts.
1.40 When utilities must be visible and cannot be

screened from the Public Realm, they should
be painted with a color consistent with the
building, family of street furnishings, or used
as a canvas for an artistic element.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Surface Parking
Surface Parking is discouraged in a downtown context as 1.43 Surface Parking shall be screened from
they introduce gaps into the urban fabric and affect the adjacent Enhanced Setback areas and Open
walkability and vitality of the Street Level. When needed, Spaces.
Surface Parking areas must use strategies to reduce the Appropriate screening techniques include:
real and perceived size of the lot, create visual relief from
a. Landscaping
the large expanse of cars or vacant spaces, and reduce
the local environmental effects through landscaping. b. Trees
c. Garden walls
Great parking designs are safe, attractive, drained
See “Denver Zoning Code Parking/ Screening
efficiently, properly landscaped and well-integrated
Requirements.”
into the street. Good surface parking landscaping offers
shade and visual relief while maintaining visibility. It is
imperative for parking area lighting to provide coverage 1.44 Surface Parking shall incorporate enhanced
for pedestrian and vehicular safety, protection against pedestrian lighting at highly trafficked areas
such as entrances/exits, kiosks, pathways,
assault, theft and vandalism, and comfort of the user.
and loading/unloading zones.
1.45 Surface Parking that is adjacent to a Primary

Intent Statements Street shall incorporate a landscaped buffer
between the parking lot and the right-of-way.
1.Z To ensure that Surface Parking is well-
integrated into the streetscape Appropriate screening techniques include:
a. Trees
1.AA To ensure that Surface Parking contributes
b. Shrubs at 42” or less
positively to a sustainable urban
environment c. Landscaping
d. Garden walls
1.AB To minimize the visual impacts of parked
cars on the Public Realm
1.46 Surface parking shall limit the use of dark
1.AC To encourage Surface Parking designs that surfaces within the parking lot through the use
provide flexibility for temporary events of light-colored materials, such as concrete,
white asphalt or light-colored pavers to reduce
1.AD To ensure that Surface Parking design surface temperatures and heat island effect.
promotes pedestrian, bicycle and vehicular
safety
1.AE To ensure that Surface Parking areas are not

the dominant characteristic of the site
Design Standards
1.42 Access to Surface Parking shall be
consolidated to minimize the number and
width of driveway impacts across the Public 26. Landscaping, porous pavers, and other techniques should
Realm. be used in surface parking areas to contribute to a more
sustainable urban environment.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Surface Parking
Design Guidelines
1.47 Surface Parking should be located at the rear
of the building and away from Primary Streets.
1.48 Surface Parking should be designed to

minimize the length of the lot frontage that is
adjacent to a street and/or sidewalk.
1.49 Surface Parking with a dimension greater than

150 feet should be divided into multiple zones
through landscaping.
Note: Refer to the DZC for additional zoning
standards.
1.50 Surface Parking should be designed to provide

flexibility for temporary uses such as pop-up
events and public gatherings.
1.51 Surface Parking should distribute landscaping

throughout the site to soften and screen
27. Surface Parking with a dimension greater than 150 feet should be
parking lot edges, reinforce vehicular divided into multiple zones through landscaping.
circulation routes, improve pedestrian
conditions and maximize shade and
stormwater benefits.
1.52 Surface Parking designs should incorporate

low impact development (LID) principles for
stormwater management.
Appropriate features include, but are not limited
to:
a. Permeable paving
b. Bioswales and bio-retention areas
c. Landscaping (Using native and drought
tolerant species that require little
maintenance)
d. Tree canopy and soil infrastructure to support
and sustain it
1.53 Surface Parking should incorporate decorative

paving or changes in paving material or
color to emphasize edges, pedestrian routes,
loading areas and other special features within
the parking lot.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Chapter 2 | Building Mass & Scale
Building Mass & Scale addresses the three-dimensional characteristics of
building volume, particularly as it relates to the street and adjacent properties.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES Chapter 2 | Building Mass & Scale 39
APRIL 2021
28. Configuring a building’s mass and scale to develop a variety of volumes, using techniques such as shifts in the facade plane,
breaks up monolithic building forms and adds Human Scale character.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

40 Chapter 2 | Building Mass & Scale DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
APRIL 2021
BUILDING FORM MASSING COMPONENTS BY ZONE DISTRICT
Some design standards and guidelines in this document refer to specific massing components of a building. Design standards
and guidelines for the Lower Stories of a building acknowledge the importance of Primary Street-Facing Facade design on the
stories of a building closest to the pedestrian sidewalk while design standards and guidelines for the Upper Stories or Tower
components of a building acknowledge overall building mass and scale as well as impact on the skyline.
As illustrated below, the division between Lower Stories and Upper Stories/Tower is generally at the maximum height for a
Denver Zoning Code-required Upper Story Setback. The division between Lower Stories and Upper Stories/Tower may be
considered to be at a lower story when an Upper Story Setback is located below the maximum height specified in the Denver
Zoning Code. For example, if an Upper Story Setback is located at the 2nd story, then stories 3+ will be considered to be the
Upper Story Facade of a Denver Zoning Code General Building Form or the Tower Facade of a Denver Zoning Code Point
Tower or Standard Tower Building Form.
FACADE LEVEL EXAMPLE
Lower Stories
(applies to all building forms)
Facade area BELOW

DZC-required
Upper Story Setback
(General Form)
lower stories upper stories tower
(Tower Form)
Upper Stories
(applies to General building form
only)
Facade area ABOVE

DZC-required
Upper Story Setback
(General Form)
Tower
(applies to Standard Tower and
Point Tower building forms only)
Facade area ABOVE

DZC-required
Upper Story Setback
(Tower Form)
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
Building Massing Building Fit and Transitions
Building Massing significantly impacts how the size of Intent Statements

a structure is perceived by a person at the Street Level.
Comfortable Streetwall height, Upper Story Setbacks 2.A To ensure Building Massing supports a
generous Tower separation distances, and Facades that comfortable Street Level experience
are broken down into smaller individual masses, reduces
the perceived bulk of a structure and creates a more 2.B To encourage building modules that break
visually interesting block. These strategies are especially down uninterrupted monolithic frontages
important for portions of buildings that front onto the 2.C To use Building Massing to purposefully
Public Realm. reinforce building uses or adjacent
distinctive features
The visual massing of Towers can be reduced with
tall, slender and sculptural forms that complement 2.D To promote building sizes and proportions
Denver’s skyline. Towers generally have reduced visual that contribute to visual permeability within
and physical impact on the Street Level when they have and across the neighborhood
a limited Tower Floor Plate size, or when the overall
Massing appears to be smaller through Upper Story 2.E To allow creative and innovative Building
Setbacks or stepbacks that distinguish the Tower from the Massing
building’s Lower Stories. 2.F To coordinate Building Massing across
the Lower Story Facade and Upper Story
Facade/Tower Facade
2.G To encourage buildings that respond to the

surrounding context
POINT TOWER BUILDING FORM

The Denver Zoning Code Point Tower Building Form
allows buildings that incorporate tall, slender Tower
building elements with elevated design quality
that preserve views and sky exposure while also
minimizing the visibility of structured parking.
The Point Tower Building Form limits the floor area
(Tower Floor Plate) of Tower building components
above a specified height, in exchange for a greater
height allowance.
are intended to build on Denver Zoning Code
requirements. See “Zoning Code Building Forms” on
page 41 for additional information.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
Topic Title
Building Massing Sub-Topic Title
Building Fit and Transitions
Design Standards
2.01 Building Massing shall promote a sense of
Human Scale at the Street Level.
a. Incorporating Upper Story Setbacks or
stepbacks to reduce the visual impact of
taller buildings on the Public Realm
b. Clearly distinguishing the Street Level from
the remainder of the Lower Stories (see
“Street Level Facade Design & Uses” on
page 78)
2.02 Buildings with over approximately 150 feet

of Primary Street frontage shall incorporate
coordinated Building Massing techniques on
the Lower Story Facade.
a. A minimum one-story change in the height*
for the depth of an Upper Story Setback (15
feet)
b. A Facade plane change with a minimum
depth or projection of 3 feet that extends the
full height of the Lower Story Facade 29. Coordinated Massing techniques, such as changes in
height of an Upper Story Setback, facade plane, and materials,
c. A building material or color change that are important to breaking down the appearance of building
extends the full height of the Lower Story bulk and providing visual interest on long facades.
Facade
d. Additional techniques that achieve the
overall intent of this standard
Note that Upper Story Setbacks at or below the
height specified in the Denver Zoning Code will
count towards the zoning requirement for an
Upper Story Setback.
2.03 Changes in Building Massing shall be

purposeful and reinforce the design intent of
the building.
a. Identifying changes in interior uses
b. Enhancing important building features
c. Reinforcing structural bays or other
architectural systems
30. Changes in Building Massing shall be purposeful and
d. Clearly defining the Street Level, Lower reinforce the design intent of the building.
Stories, and Upper Stories/Tower
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
COORDINATED MASSING TECHNIQUES
Coordinated Massing techniques help divide a larger building into smaller modules that promote a Human Scale urban
environment. Massing techniques that may be combined to meet Standard 2.02 are described and illustrated below.
Change in Height Change in Plane Change in Material

of Upper Story (3’ Min.)
Setback Min. 1-Story
change in
Height
150’
15’ min. depth than 150’
more than
’ more
n 150
(same as Upper
tha
Story Setback)
more
31. Changes in Upper Story Setback 32. Facade plane changes 33. Changes in materials/color
height should be a minimum of one should be a minimum of 3 feet should apply to the full height
story for the depth of the Upper Story and apply to the full height of the of the Lower Story Facade.
Setback (15 feet). Lower Story Facade.
Combining Massing Techniques (A-C)
Change in Height,
Plane & Material
Change in Height
& Material
34. A coordinated change in Upper Story Setback height, facade plane, and materials/color creates a distinct Building Massing break
that divides the facade into smaller modules. This graphic depicts how all three Building Massing techniques described in Standard
2.02 may be used to meet the standard.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
Flexibility for Creative Designs Meeting Building Massing Intent Statements
35. As illustrated on page 46, flexibility may be provided for alternative designs that meet the intent statements for building massing
and scale but do not utilize the specific Building Massing techniques described in Standard 2.02. Refer to Introduction Chapter for
additional notes on Flexibility for Creative or Innovative Designs.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
2.04 When using the Denver Zoning Code Tower

Floor Plate Linear Dimension Alternative TOWER FLOOR PLATE LINEAR
available to the Point Tower Building Form DIMENSION ALTERNATIVE
and Standard Tower Building Form, a Tower
shall exhibit exceptional creativity and iconic The Denver Zoning Code sets forth a maximum Tower
design. Floor Plate Linear Dimension for the Point Tower
Building Form and Standard Tower Building Form.
Appropriate strategies include:
a. Creative Tower designs incorporating The Denver Zoning Code also specifically enables
tapering Tower Floor Plate sizes that require a Tower Floor Plate Linear Dimension Alternative
flexibility for some larger Tower Floor Plates that allows additional length to provide flexibility for
within the tapering design creative designs that clearly meet the intent of these
design standards and guidelines. The Tower Floor
b. Creative Tower Floor Plate designs that Plate Linear Dimension Alternative varies by building
incorporate curves or unusual angles form, as specified in the Denver Zoning Code.
c. Creative Tower designs incorporating other
characteristics described in “Exceptional City Staff and the Design Advisory Board will use
Creativity & Iconic Design” at right Standard 2.04 to determine whether a Tower Floor
Plate Linear Dimension Alternative is appropriate for a
specific Tower design.
2.05 Building Massing should emphasize key
building features such as primary entries,
or corner elements when located at street
intersections.
EXCEPTIONAL CREATIVITY & ICONIC
DESIGN
Iconic building designs establish a focal element in
the urban environment that breaks from convention
in a striking manner to create a special place. These
structures are easily identifiable, recognizable, and
stand out from their surrounding context. They often
embody a sense of pride for the community, and may
gain national or international recognition.
Iconic designs are:
• Unique: Does not follow convention
• Elegant: Simple design with sophisticated
details
• Metaphorical: Design that represents a larger
idea or philosophy
• Innovative: Forward thinking use of technology,
materials or techniques
• Intentional: Design elements that are
meaningful rather than decorative
• Enduring: Design that withstands the test of
time
36. The newly constructed Vancouver House in British
Columbia, Canada, incorporates a tapering design with curves
and unusual angles.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
Design Guidelines
2.06 Building Massing techniques should be
coordinated between Lower Story Facades
and Upper Story Facades/Tower Facades to
promote a cohesive design.
2.07 Building Massing should clearly communicate

the base, middle, and top of the building.
2.08 Buildings with less than approximately

150 feet of Primary Street frontage should 37. Breaking down the Lower Story Facade into visually
incorporate coordinated Massing techniques separate modules is one strategy to further reduce visual mass
and scale on buildings with more than 200 feet of Primary
on the Lower Story Facade. Street frontage.
See Standard 2.02 for buildings with more than
150’ of frontage.
2.09 Buildings with more than approximately 200

feet of Primary Street frontage should be
designed to further reduce visual mass and
scale.
a. Combining all three Building Massing
techniques described in Standard 2.02
b. Increasing the dimensions of the Massing
techniques described in Standard 2.02 (i.e.,
change a facade plane greater than 3 feet)
c. Increasing the depth of Upper Story Setbacks
or incorporate additional setbacks on the
Lower Story Facade
d. Breaking down the Lower Story Facade into
visually separate modules
2.10 Building Massing should integrate creative

designs to create architectural interest and
reduce the overall scale of the building mass
from the Street Level.
a. Varying the location of Upper Story Setbacks
above the Street Level
b. Incorporating curves, angles or other shapes 38. Building Massing should emphasize key building features
into Street Level and Upper Story Setbacks such as primary entries, or corner elements when located at
street intersections.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
Topic Title
2.11 When multiple Towers are located on the same 2.15 The Building Massing of Upper Stories or
Zone Lot, they shall have distinct Massing and Towers should incorporate opportunities
not be identical in shape. to frame views from the Public Realm to
Appropriate techniques include: important natural and neighborhood features.
a. Towers of different height Natural and neighborhood features may include:
b. Changes in Tower Floor Plate size or a. Street or visual corridor terminus
dimension b. Major intersection, key streets, bridge
c. Shifts in Facade plane crossing, or transit node
c. Important public Parks, plazas, or Open
Spaces
2.12 Tower Facades should incorporate facade
plane changes or other similar Massing d. Rocky Mountains or the River
techniques to break down long frontages.
Use a facade plane change or similar technique
at a minimum interval depending on the Tower
building form:
SKY EXPOSURE
a. Point Tower Building Form: Sky exposure is the measurable amount of sky
Approximately 100 feet seen from a street, Park, or Open Space above and
b. Standard Tower Building Form: in between building masses. Bulky buildings can
Approximately 150 feet lead to a loss of sky exposure which can affect
the comfort, quality, and use of the Public Realm.
Shaping building mass can help protect access to the
2.13 Towers should be shaped to increase the
sky, improve the usability and enjoyment of outdoor
distance between adjacent building facades
spaces, and allow trees and vegetation to thrive.
beyond minimum requirements.
a. Offset Towers
b. Non-parallel walls
c. Tapering or curved Towers
2.14 The massing of Upper Stories and Towers

should be shaped and organized to preserve
and maximize sunlight and sky exposure from
adjacent existing properties and the Public
Realm.
a. Locating Upper Story Setback areas along
an Enhanced Setback, Open Space, or other
significant features in the Public Realm
b. Providing sufficient separation between or
orienting windows, balconies, or outdoor
areas on adjacent properties to avoid looking
directly into one another 39. Upper Story Setbacks should be oriented toward Enhanced
c. Shaping Towers to minimize Tower visibility Setbacks, Open Space, or other significant features in the
Public Realm to preserve sunlight and maximize sky exposure.
from street level and shadow impacts
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height

2.16 Building Massing should respond to the

adjacent context especially at lower-scaled
buildings and public spaces.
a. A setback of at least 10 feet from an adjacent
side interior Zone Lot line
b. An Upper Story Setback of at least 15 feet
from the plane of the Lower Story Facade to
reduce Streetwall height
c. A step down in overall building height as
perceived from the street
d. Definition of building modules that reflect
the size and shape of adjacent buildings
2.17 Buildings adjacent to, or across the street

from, a Park or Open Space should use
architectural Massing to reinforce a sense of
place, enclosure, and security that strengthens
the public amenity.
a. Increasing building height as the Park or 40. Buildings adjacent to, or across the street from, a public
Park or Open Space should use architectural Massing to
Open Space increases in size reinforce a sense of place, enclosure, and security that
strengthens the public amenity.
b. Orienting buildings with Active Uses and
transparency towards the Park or Open Space
c. Orienting Upper Story Setbacks along the USING ARCHITECTURE TO FRAME VIEWS
Park or Open Space
Building Massing can be used to frame views
See Guideline 2.24 for more information. from the Public Realm to important focal points
such as the Rocky Mountains, South Platte River,
Cherry Creek, significant civic or cultural buildings,
prominent architectural elements or Open Spaces.
The organization of streets, Open Space, amenity
areas, and Building Massing all contribute to the
framing of significant neighborhood elements.
Towers and other tall building components can be

an integral part of shaping what is being viewed.
The design and placement of the building base,
Tower, and adjacent Open Spaces work collectively
to open up or frame a desired view. Well-designed
tall buildings on prominent sites can become
recognizable landmarks, providing points of
orientation and visual interest within Arapahoe
Square, CPV-Auraria, and the Golden Triangle.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
Streetwall Height Building Fit and Transitions
Collectively, the built environment shapes the pedestrian

experience by creating a sense of enclosure and well-
defined pedestrian zones. The character of the Streetwall
(the predominant plane of the Primary Street-Facing
Facade from the Street Level up to an Upper Story Setback
or other significant shift in Building Massing) plays an
important role in defining the edges of streets, Parks,
and Open Space. Further, walkable streets that have a
proportional sense of enclosure, tend to enhance the level
of comfort felt at the Street Level.
This sense of enclosure is generally determined by the

relationship between the height of the Streetwall and the
width of the adjacent Public Realm (including the street
and sidewalk) between the buildings. A proportionate
Street Enclosure Ratio can make the Public Realm more
comfortable and often contributes to pedestrian safety, as
drivers have a tendency to slow down.
Streetwall height will often vary along a block frontage

with Towers creating a high Street Enclosure Ratio and
lower structures, such as row homes, create a comfortable 41. The Streetwall height shall be approximately 60%-100% of
Street Enclosure Ratio when combined with landscaping the width of the Right-of-Way.
and street trees, especially along wide streets or adjacent
to Open Space or Park areas.
Intent Statements
2.H To promote a well-defined Streetwall that
establishes a proportional street enclosure
ratio
2.I To promote a range of Streetwall heights

along the street and within each block
2.J To coordinate a scale relationship between

the Streetwall of adjacent properties
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
Design Standards
2.18 The predominant Streetwall height shall be
approximately 60%-100% of the width of the
Right-of-Way.
a. Incorporating taller Streetwall heights where
the Right-of-Way is wide
b. Using Upper Story Setbacks to reduce the
height of the Streetwall
c. Using landscaping, street trees or other
elements to create a comfortable sense of
enclosure along portions of block frontage
with a lower Streetwall, or wide Right-of-Way
(exceeding approximately 100 feet)
Note: Short sections of the Streetwall that are
less than or exceed this range are acceptable and
should be located to enhance a specific building
element or use.
2.19 Where the width of the Right of Way measures 42. Streetwall height should vary throughout the block to
approximately 80 feet or less, enclosure ratio support architectural variety.
shall be allowed to be less than 60%.
Design Guidelines
2.20 Streetwall height should vary throughout
the street and within each block to support
architectural variety.
2.21 Streetwall height should consider the adjacent

existing neighboring context. At street corners,
this includes the context on both streets.
a. Using Upper Story Setbacks and other
Massing techniques to match a portion of the
immediately adjacent Streetwall height
b. Incorporating bold corner elements and
Massing to distinguish Streetwall hight
c. Using cornices, material changes, and other
facade articulation techniques to create a 43. Streetwall height should consider the existing neighboring
scale relationship between buildings (see context. At street corners, this includes the context on both
“Facade Articulation” on page 62) streets.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
2.22 When Right-of-Way width is less than 80 feet,

the predominate Streetwall height should be
approximately 60%-80% of width.
2.23 When Right-of-Way width is more than 100

feet, the predominate Streetwall height should
be approximately 80%-100% of width, or use
additional street trees and other elements to
enhance a sense of enclosure.
2.24 Streetwall height should respond to the scale

and proportion of adjacent Parks and Open
Space.
a. Increasing Streetwall height as the Park or
Open Space increases in size
b. Decreasing Streetwall height or include
Enhanced Setbacks and Open Space along
the South Platte River
2.25 The height of the Streetwall should aim to 44. Streetwall height should respond to the scale and
proportion of adjacent Parks and Open Space. Generally
match the established height of the Lower increase Streetwall height as the Park or Open Space
Story Facade along the majority of the block increases in size.
frontage.
Appropriate techniques to define the Lower Story
Facade of the Streetwall include:
a. An Upper Story Setback (including Upper
Story Setbacks required by the Denver
Zoning Code)
b. A cornice, pediment or similar element
c. A reveal or similar element
Note that the height of the Streetwall may exceed
the height of the Lower Stories along limited
portions of frontage, especially where necessary
to achieve a comfortable Street Enclosure Ratio.
45. Streetwall height should respond to the scale and

proportion of adjacent Parks and Open Space. Generally
decrease Streetwall height or include Enhanced Setbacks and
Open Space along the South Platte River.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
height
height
height
height
Ratio = approx. 100%
Ratio = approx. 60%
width width
46. A 100% (1:1) ratio of Streetwall height to Right-of-Way width 47. A 60% (1:1.6) ratio of Streetwall height to Right-of-Way width
provides a strong sense of street enclosure. Taller Streetwalls provides a less strong sense of street enclosure, but can be
with ratios greater than 100% can negatively impact the sense mitigated by using street trees to contribute to the comfort level
of enclosure by creating a canyon effect that blocks sun and on the street. Shorter Streetwalls that create ratios less than
sky exposure. 60% are not desired unless supplemented by additional street
trees or other elements to enhance the sense of enclosure.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
BUILDING FIT AND TRANSITIONS
ADJACENT TO HISTORIC RESOURCE OR
CHARACTER BUILDING
A site is considered to be adjacent to a Historic
Resource or Character Building when any of the these
Strong neighborhood identity is reinforced by a are true:
commonality and continuity of building forms referred
to as the urban fabric. Appropriate fit and transition of • A Zone Lot containing a Landmark Structure,
Contributing Structure in a Historic District,
infill development is achieved when new buildings are
and/or Character Building is located directly
integrated with the height, scale, fenestration patterns
adjacent to the site on either side of the what
and character of neighboring buildings that reinforces the
will be considered the Primary Street facing
broader neighborhood scale and structure. Infill building
facade
materials and details are additional factors that can
• A Zone Lot containing a Landmark Structure,
establish compatibility with its context and are addressed
Contributing Structure in a Historic District,
in “Design Details for Infill Development” on page 72.
and/or Character Building is located across the
alley or private access drive from the site
In addition to scale, massing and architectural elements,
buildings can also support neighboring context by
extending or complementing existing uses, connecting to
A Character Building is any structure that has
public space, supporting circulation patterns or spatial
massing, scale and architectural features that adds to
connections, or reflecting cultural influences within the
Denver’s varied architectural heritage. The structure
neighborhood.
may or may not be eligible for historic designation,
but is desired to remain because it adds significant
quality to the city, a neighborhood, or an area.
The massing, scale and architectural character of
these buildings may vary between neighborhoods,
nevertheless their presence adds a significant quality
that speaks to Denver’s rich architectural heritage.
Moreover, some of these buildings are more recent
public buildings, such as museums and libraries,
that have added value to the character of the
neighborhood. Therefore, it is especially important
for new development to provide transitions where
adjacent character context is not anticipated to
change.
The design approach and methods to achieve an

appropriate fit and transition to Historic Resource or
Character Building will be determined on a site-by-
site basis and will consider:
• R elationship to a Historic Resource or
Character Building
• Existing and planned context
• Size of the development site
• Planned intensity of use and scale of
development
• Proximity and scale of adjacent built form
• Location or size of adjacent streets, parks and
open space
48. Appropriate fit and transition of infill development is

achieved when new buildings are integrated with the height,
scale and character of neighboring buildings.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
Building Fit and Transitions Building Fit and Transitions
Building base can Building base can be

be between 1 between 1 story less
story less or 2 or 2 stories more
stories more than than adjacent
adjacent character buildings
character
buildings
49. Development adjacent to a lower scale Historic Resource or Character Building shall provide a height transition to respect and
reinforce the established street wall height.
Intent Statements 2.27 Development adjacent to a lower-scale

Historic Resource or Character Building shall
2.K To maintain, highlight and emphasize provide a height transition to respect and
characteristics of adjacent Historic reinforce established height.
Resource and Character Building Appropriate strategies include:
2.L To promote distinctive design that is a. Align the streetwall height of infill
compatible with adjacent Historic Resource development to be between one story less or
or Character Building 2 stories more than the height of the adjacent
Historic Resource or Character Building
2.M To provide a scale transition between b. To support height variation along a street
taller buildings and adjacent lower-scale wall, avoid perfect alignment with an
neighborhoods or buildings adjacent Historic Resource or a Character
Building, (a minimum variation of 12 to 18
inches is desired)
Design Standards
2.28 Development adjacent to a Historic Resource
2.26 Building massing shall relate to the scale of or Character Building shall provide a side
the Streetwall of adjacent Historic Resource or setback or a sensitive transition along the
Character Building. portion of the building.
a. Breaking a large building into smaller 2.29 Standard Towers and Point Towers shall
masses similar to the scale of the adjacent provide horizontal separation and a height
Historic Resource or Character Building transition down to adjacent Historic Resource
or Character Building.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
2.30 Additions, renovations, and adaptations to

Character Buildings, shall respond to the
existing height and scale of the original
structure.
a. M
inimize the removal of original building
massing and form
b. Set back rooftop additions to reduce visual
impacts and preserve the existing roof form
and building materials
Design Guidelines
2.31 New development should express similar
building modulation of adjacent Historic 51. Development on a site larger than a standard single lot
Resource or Character Building. should express the original lot sizes in their structural modules
or that of adjacent Historic Resource or Character Building.
2.32 New development that is more than twice

as tall as an adjacent Historic Resource or
Character Building should design building
massing to avoid excessive shadow impacts.
2.33 Development on a site larger than a standard

single lot should express the original lot sizes
in their structural modules or that of adjacent
Historic Resource or Character Building.
a. Consider structural system of infill buildings
to relate to the typical lot sizes and become
a determinant of the facade articulation,
assuring compatibility with the scale of
existing Historic Resource of Character
Building
b. Consider massing shifts that have unique
architectural expressions and appear as
individual buildings
2.34 Towers adjacent to Historic Resource or

Character Building should be setback by at
least 15 feet from the Historic Resource or
Character Building.
See “Tower Placement & Separation” on page 32.
50. New development should express similar building
modulation of adjacent Historic Resource or Character building
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Massing
Streetwall Height
52. Avoid perfect alignment with adjacent or abutting Historic

Resource or a Character Building
53. Setting back rooftop addition to reduce visual impacts and

preserve the existing roof form and building materials
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Chapter 3 | Facade Design
& Site Design Details
Once the basic building massing has been defined, the architectural details
and surrounding site design help to further shape the identity of the project.
Facade Design & Site Details addresses the design character of individual
buildings, particularly how they are experienced from the Public Realm.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES Chapter 3 | Facade Design & Site Details 59
APRIL 2021
GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN
SCALE DESIGN
Throughout this document, the term Human Scale is • Facade Design and Architectural Details
commonly used and refers to a built environment that can significantly contribute to our sense of
is reasonably scaled and shaped to reflect physical Human Scale by creating a variety of vertical and
and cognitive characteristics of humans. When walking horizontal forms on the facade, using window and
along a street or sitting in an Open Space, people feel door openings, change in materials and textures,
psychologically comfortable in spaces that proportionally placement of awnings, canopies, signage, and
reflect our physical scale and senses. lighting. However, it is not sufficient to simply
incorporate these elements; rather the quality of
The understanding of what is perceived as Human Scale design, proportion, and scale of these elements
is based on its context. For example, what is considered need to be harmoniously arranged for people to
proportionally designed and scaled in a low-rise find them pleasing and reflective of the Human
community may not be appropriate for a high-intensity Scale. These elements in combination with uses
development. Therefore, it is important to capture a range and activity are directly responsible for the visual
of Human Scale principles as a combination of elements and experiential richness found at the Street Level
in the built environment, including street enclosure, in vibrant urban neighborhoods.
building height and massing, architectural details and
materials, street trees and landscaping, and ground-level • Safety and Comfort are important aspects of
paving, lighting, and furnishings. any public space but especially true in dense
urban settings. Transparency at the ground floor
• Street Enclosure refers to the degree to which is highly desired as it provides “eyes on the
the width of streets and other public spaces are street.” Mixed-use buildings with active ground
visually defined by vertical elements such as floor uses generate additional foot traffic along
buildings, walls, and trees. Streets where the the street and contribute to our sense of safety.
Streetwall (or building facade directly adjacent to Active retail spaces with well-lit window displays
the street and sidewalk) is proportionally related and pedestrian-scaled street lightning help us feel
to the width of the street, provide a comfortable more comfortable after dark. Extensive tree canopy
sense of street enclosure, that appeals to our can provide relief from the sun or sudden wind
Human Scale senses and have a room-like quality. gusts and make walking along the street more
In a high-intensity urban environment where street enjoyable. Thoughtfully placed street furnishings
widths are over 60 feet, a proportionate sense of help us feel comfortable by breaking down a large
street enclosure is especially important to properly street into smaller “rooms”, and provide areas to
frame our perception of space. Wide streets rest and enjoy city life.
that lack a commensurate Streetwall can feel
uncomfortably open and exposed to pedestrians. • Sense of Place can be achieved when the
techniques mentioned above are utilized and
See “Streetwall Height” on page 60. tailored to define a distinctive context. Streets and
• Trees and Landscape Areas play an important places that successfully achieve a Human Scale
role in breaking down a space to the Human through visual richness and order, tend to embody
Scale, by positively contributing to a sense of a sense of place that is differentiated across the
enclosure, providing shade, and adding needed city. They are impressionable and memorable in
softness in an urban environment. Trees with large the mind and become a place to return to time and
canopies are especially important on wider streets time again.
to alleviate a feeling of vastness by enclosing
pedestrian spaces, and conversely on streets with
tall buildings to break down overwhelming vertical
elements.
See “Amenity Zone & Street Trees” on page 60.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

60 Chapter 3 | Facade Design & Site Details DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
APRIL 2021
54. Human Scale affects our sense of comfort and safety impacting a desire to walk down a street or to avoid it. Building facade
designs that lack appropriate massing or articulation and include large expanses of undifferentiated building wall, generally create an
undesirable pedestrian environment.
Balcony/“Eyes
on the Street”
Parapet/Cornice
Facade Design Details
Street Trees/
Landscaping
Awning /Signage
Pedestrian
Lighting
Cafe Seating Bicycle Parking
Enhanced
Paving
Streetscape
Furnishings
55. Human Scale can be addressed through simple techniques that break down the size and proportion of the urban environment. An
intentional integration of pedestrian-oriented Street Level uses, facade articulation and architectural details, and streetscape features
helps break down overall building massing and animates the Public Realm.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Exterior Building Materials Setback & Open Space Design
Balconies Awnings & Canopies
Design Details for Infill Development Structured Parking Facades
Facade Articulation Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

Thoughtful articulation that is coordinated with overall

massing helps divide a large building into smaller
modules that promote an engaging Human Scale
pedestrian environment. Facades that incorporate changes
in plane, materials, and rhythm add interest and texture, as
opposed to long, repetitive or blank facades. Coordinating
architectural details and articulation with interior uses
further reinforces the clarity of the urban environment.
Intent Statements
3.A To further refine building form and massing
through facade articulation
3.B To promote well-detailed Facade designs
with texture and depth that provide a sense
of Human Scale
3.C To ensure a cohesive Facade design
56. Vertical projections, pilasters, columns, and other elements
3.D To minimize blank or unarticulated Facades can create a rhythm on the facade.
Design Standards
3.01 All Primary Street-Facing Facades, Visible
Facades, and Tower Facades shall incorporate
articulation techniques that reinforce building
massing techniques.
Appropriate articulation techniques include:
a. Vertical and horizontal projections/banding
b. Vertical and horizontal recesses
c. Window composition/design
d. Balconies or terraces
e. Continuing articulation techniques used on
the Lower Story Facade onto the Upper Story
Facade/Tower Facade that express a sense of
depth
3.02 A Lower Story Facade shall express a first or

second story datum line.
a. Facade plane changes
b. Incorporating other architectural expressions 57. Horizontal projections, material banding, color changes and
such as belt courses, cornices, fenestration, other elements can create a rhythm on the facade.
awnings and canopies, or changes in material
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Facade Plane Change Balconies & Terraces
Window Composition
Material Changes Vertical & Horizontal

Projection & Banding
58. Facade articulation that reinforces building massing adds texture and rhythm to promote a Human Scale urban environment.
Several facade articulation techniques illustrated above are examples of how to meet the design standards and guidelines of this
section. Note that the articulation techniques described in 3.01 shall reinforce the massing techniques described in “Building
Massing”.
3.03 Articulation techniques used on a Lower

Story Facade shall continue around the
corner of an Alley or Private Access Drive for
approximately 50 feet.
3.04 Tower Facades shall be designed to be viewed

from all sides as opposed to only addressing
articulation along Primary Streets.
3.05 Visible Facade areas not facing Primary

Streets shall incorporate features to enhance
visual interest and avoid long blank walls. See
Standard 3.06.
Such features include:
a. Transparency consistent with standards
for Primary Street-facing Facades (see
“Windows & Transparency” on page 66)
b. Wall Murals or other Public Art
3.06 Lower Story Facades and Upper Story

Facades/Tower Facades shall limit walls
without transparency or articulation consistent
with Standard 3.01 to a maximum of 25 feet in 59. A Lower Story Facade shall express a first or second story
datum line.
length per segment.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

60. When multiple towers are located on the same Zone Lot they 61. Articulation techniques used on a Lower Story Facade shall
should be distinct and not identical, but can be complementary continue around the corner of an Alley or Private Access Drive.
to each other and employ similar architectural articulation and
design approach.
3.07 Scaling elements, architectural details, and 3.10 Building shall implement design techniques
other forms of facade articulation shall be that minimize solar gains.
integrated into building massing so they Appropriate techniques include:
convey a sense of depth and texture rather
a. Building shape and massing that enhances
than a thinly applied surface treatment. natural ventilation and daylighting
b. Using either high-performance windows
3.08 Facades shall be designed to accommodate with low shading coefficient or clear high-
locations for Upper Story building performance windows with a low-e coating
in combination with operable external
identification signage. shading to block solar gains during summer
Appropriate strategies include: and shoulder seasons and admit solar gains
a. Limiting large-scale building identification during winter.
signage to taller buildings (12+ stories) c. Incorporating louvers or other sun controlling
b. Reserving an area along the roof parapet, or shading devices
space for integration into a roof cap feature,
for future Upper Story building identification
signage Design Guidelines
3.09 Building mounted telecommunication 3.11 Buildings with more than approximately
equipment shall be properly screened/painted 200 feet of Primary Street frontage should
to integrate into the overall facade design and use coordinated massing and articulation
building massing. techniques to create visually separate modules
with distinct facades.
See “Building Massing” on page 42.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

3.12 The horizontal plane of the Lower Story a. Variation in the design and articulation of
Facade should vary to reflect changes in each tower facade is encouraged to provide
building uses and structure while providing visual interest and to respond to differing
visual interest. conditions within the adjacent context
b. Curtain walls should be articulated through
changes in transparency, fenestration,
3.13 Adjacent buildings of varying heights
mullion scale and pattern, and other
should align design features to express an architectural details (see “Windows &
architectural scale relationship. Transparency” on page 66)
Consider aligning features such as:
a. Cornices 3.18 When multiple Towers are located on the
b. Belt courses same Zone Lot they should be distinct and
c. Fenestration patterns not identical, but can be complementary to
d. Building setbacks each other and employ similar architectural
articulation and design approach.
3.14 Special attention should be given to the design
of buildings located at street intersections. 3.19 Tower Facade designs should consider ways
to maximize solar gain and improve building
a. Establish a clear and defined edge at the
Right-of-Way energy performance.
b. Activate the corner through high levels of a. Appropriate techniques may include
transparency and signature building entries adjusting glazing ratios, balcony placements,
c. Incorporate iconic architectural elements to or fenestration placement.
highlight components of the building
3.20 Visible exterior building components, such
3.15 Variations in articulation, materials and as light fixtures and mechanical vents should
fenestration patterns should be used to be integrated into the facade design as to be
emphasize building features, such as entries, integral with the building architecture.
corner elements, and changes in interior use.
3.21 Outdoor lighting fixtures should be designed to
3.16 Facade articulation techniques used on the minimize light pollution and glare to adjacent
Lower Story Facade should coordinate with properties and street(s).
Upper Story Facades/Tower Facades to result
in a cohesive building design.
3.17 All Tower Facades should include a variety of

articulation, fenestration and material patterns
to create visual interest.
PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN

Passive solar design techniques should be considered,
especially on south and west facing facades.
Incorporating screens, energy-efficient and/or operable
windows and other methods can minimize heat gain
and contribute to reductions in energy use. 62. Facades shall be designed to accommodate locations for
Upper Story building identification signage.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Facade Articulation Exterior Building Materials

Balconies
Design Details for Infill Development
Awnings & Canopies
Structured Parking Facades
Windows & Transparency Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops
Articulation and transparency of all faces of a building

are important, but those facing streets, Parks, and Open
Space are most critical. Transparency in the building
facade adds visual interest, contributes to a sense of Upper
Story/
liveliness on the street, and improves safety through Tower
natural surveillance. At a building’s Lower Stories, a Facade
series of clear and unobstructed views both into and out
of buildings enriches the urban experience for pedestrians
and building occupants alike.
Lower
Intent Statements Story
Facade
3.E To provide a minimum level of transparency

on all facades
Street
3.F To ensure that building activities are visible Level
from the Public Realm and vice versa Facade
64. Transparency standards vary for a Street Level Facade,

3.G To ensure that building facades do not cause Lower Story Facade, Upper Story Facade and Tower Facade.
glare or negative impacts to the Public Realm
3.H To encourage well-detailed fenestration and 3.24 Street Level glazing shall use transparent glass
curtain wall designs to allow pedestrians to view the activity within
the building.
a. Glazing shall have a maximum reflection
coefficient of approximately 0.15
Design Standards b. Transparent glazing for wall openings, i.e.,
doors and windows, shall be used along
3.22 Street Level transparent facade areas shall be all Street Level facades for maximum
located to provide visibility into Street Level transparency
Active Uses. c. Required transparency at the Primary Street
Facing Facades shall not be blocked by
3.23 Lower Story Facades, excluding the Street signage, furnishings, displays, advertising,
Level, shall incorporate a minimum of 50% graphics, or other screening elements
transparent glass with a maximum reflectance
*Note: Clear glazing does not include dark tinted,
coefficient of 0.30. reflective, mirrored, or opaque glazing
DENVER ZONING CODE
3.25 Upper Story Facades shall incorporate a
TRANSPARENCY REQUIREMENTS minimum of 40% transparent glass with a
maximum reflectance of 0.35.
The Denver Zoning Code requires a minimum
percentage of Street Level transparency (the total
3.26 Tower Facades shall incorporate a minimum
linear feet of windows or permitted alternatives along of 50% transparent glass with a maximum
the Street Level facade) to provide visual interest, and reflectance of 0.35.
activate the street and sidewalk. The design standards
and guidelines in this section build on Denver Zoning 3.27 Secondary Facades on the Upper Stories of
Code Street Level transparency requirements. a building that face an Alley, Private Access
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Windows & Transparency Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops
65. The design standards and guidelines for Windows & 66. Window composition with substantial window framing
Transparency are intended to encourage visually interesting provides interplay of depth and shadow on Building Facade.
facade designs.
Drive, or Off-Street Pedestrian Connections 3.30 Clear, Low-E, or slightly tinted windows
shall incorporate a minimum of approximately should be used to ensure the visibility of
25% transparent glass with a maximum pedestrian-oriented commercial uses.
reflectance of 0.35.
3.31 Large expanses of glass should be subdivided
3.28 Window designs at Lower Story facades into smaller units.
shall be detailed to reinforce overall facade Appropriate techniques include:
articulation and design.
a. Scaling techniques using mullions, exposed
Appropriate techniques include: structural elements, floor plates and
a. Recessing or projecting a window bay or detailing
opening a minimum of 4 inches from the
facade plane
3.32 When large expanses of glass are used Lower
b. Utilizing window framing to create an Story facades should integrate bird friendly
intentional shadow line glazing techniques.
c. Mullion patterns that provide depth and Appropriate techniques include:
visual character
a. Low reflectance opaque materials
b. Visual markers applied to glass with a
Design Guidelines maximum spacing of 4inches by 4 inches or
other proven bird-friendly glazing treatment
3.29 For mixed-use developments, the amount of
transparency should reflect different uses c. Building integrated structures to mute
within the building. reflections on glass surfaces
a. A lower glass-to-wall ratio is typical of
residential uses
b. A higher glass-to-wall ratio is typical of
commercial uses
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Exterior Building Materials Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops
Denver and its surrounding region have a long tradition Design Standards
of building in brick and stone. This tradition is
complementary to the goals of these guidelines in the 3.33 Exterior building materials and finishes shall
effort to provide scale, texture, detail, and color in the be detailed to articulate texture and depth.
Downtown pedestrian environment. These materials have
an inherently Human Scaled quality to them derived
from their traditional shaping and placement by hand. a. Adding visual interest through texture, depth,
Materials are not limited to Masonry. However the form, finish and detailing
scale, detail, texture and quality of any materials used in b. Applying materials in units, panels or
close proximity to the pedestrian environment should be modules that produce shadow lines to help
carefully considered. convey a sense of scale
3.34 Building materials shall be of proven quality

Intent Statements and durability.
a. Design and install materials to ensure the
3.I To encourage use of well-detailed exterior appearance of quality
materials with texture and depth that
b. Use of materials that require minimal or no
provide a sense of Human Scale
maintenance
3.J To integrate changes in exterior building Note that an applicant may be required to
materials with the overall design and demonstrate the durability of unproven or unusual
articulation of the building materials.
3.K To promote use of a variety of high-quality
durable exterior materials 3.35 Any architectural cast-in-place concrete
shall incorporate textural detailing, color, and
3.L To reduce resource and energy consumption finish elements to ensure a high-quality final
through use of sustainable exterior materials surface.
3.36 Cementitious Stucco, Fiber Cement Siding, or

Exterior Insulating Finish Systems (EIFS) shall
not be used on any Visible Facade.
Note, this standard does not preclude exterior
insulated systems that utilize masonry, metal
panels, or other durable finishes.
An exception for limited application of the above
mentioned materials may be appropriate on a
Secondary Facade facing an Alley or Private
Access Drive that is not intended to serve as an
Off-Street Pedestrian Connection.
67. Building materials shall be of proven quality and durability.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Exterior Building Materials Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops
Design Guidelines 3.41 Synthetic materials should be used in ways

that reflect their intrinsic characteristics
3.37 Any change in Facade materials should be and avoid application of imitation or false
combined with a variation in the wall plane replication of natural materials.
When changing Facade materials:
3.42 Changes in building materials should be
a. Vary the wall plane with a projection or recess coordinated with changes in building mass
at least 4 inches wide and 4 inches deep and articulation.
b. Locate the material change at the inside corner
of the variation in Facade plane and terminate See “Building Massing” on page 42.
into the rear wall plane to integrate the
material change with overall Facade design 3.43 Innovative building materials should be used
c. Provide an intentional reveal separating the to contribute to environmental sustainability.
two materials
3.44 Materials should be locally or regionally
3.38 Visible building facades should incorporate sourced when practical and available.
materials that are appropriate to individual
massing components, interior uses, and
relationships with the Public Realm.
a. Use of especially durable materials at the
Street Level
b. Use of ‘heavy’ materials (i.e. brick, stone, or
metal) on Lower Story Facades to anchor the
building
c. Use of ‘light’ materials that are either
primarily transparent or metal, spandrel
glass, etc. on Upper Story Facades/Tower
Facades
d. Use of curtain walls that employ high-quality
materials and finishes with detail and texture
e. Use of a variety of materials and material
colors that reinforce building massing and
articulation techniques
3.39 All Visible Facades of a building should be

treated equally in terms of materials, color,
and design details.
a. Building materials used on a Facade facing
an Alley or Private Access Drive should
be consistent with those used on Primary
Street-facing Facades.
3.40 The use of highly reflective materials that

68. Carefully detailed materials should be used to reinforce
generate glare and heat, especially at the building mass, scale, and articulation techniques.
Street Level, should be avoided.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Balconies Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

Balconies are commonly expressed in building facades,

and provide an important outdoor space, especially in
dense communities. Placement and design of balconies
can have a major impact on the Public Realm and on
the overall building appearance and massing. Balcony
arrangements should be carefully planned and integrated
within the building facade to avoid additional massing and
shadow impacts, reductions in privacy, and conflicts with
street trees.
Intent Statements
3.M To integrate balconies into the design of the
building facade and contribute to the overall
articulation techniques
69. Inset or cantilevered balconies and terraces help create
3.N To limit the physical and visual effects of vertical and horizontal rhythms on the facade that break down
balconies on overall building mass and building mass and scale into smaller modules.
scale
3.O To orient activity towards the Public Realm

Design Standards
3.45 Balconies and terraces shall be incorporated
into the vertical and horizontal articulation of
the building Facade.
3.46 Balcony design and placement shall not

significantly increase the physical and visual
building mass.
3.47 Balcony railings shall not significantly block

visibility of the Facade.
3.48 Balconies located on the second or third story

shall not extend beyond the private property
boundary to protect privacy and minimize
conflicts with the Right-of-Way.
3.49 Exterior design of enclosed balconies shall be

coordinated throughout the building and be
consistent with the overall Facade design.
70. Balcony design and placement shall not significantly
increase the physical and visual building mass.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Balconies Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

72. Extruded or protruding balconies should be designed to 71. Balconies, front doors, and patios facing Alleys or Private
occasionally break the rhythm of repetitive floor plates and Access Drives create a sense of activity.
create a staggering effect of various sizes and shapes.
Design Guidelines 3.54 The underside of balconies should have

materials, colors, and textures that are similar
3.50 Extruded or protruding balconies should be to and integrated with the overall facade
designed to occasionally break the rhythm of design.
repetitive floor plates and create a staggering
effect of various sizes and shapes.
3.51 Balcony railings on Primary Street-Facing

Facades should be at least 40 percent open
or transparent above a height of 18 inches, as
measured from the balcony walking surface.
3.52 Balconies should be placed to further activate

the street or public spaces.
Appropriate placement includes:
a. Locate balconies on building facades that
face a Park or Open Space to maximize the
number of “eyes on the park”
b. Locate balconies on building facades facing
active Alleys or Private Access Drives
3.53 Balconies with glass railings should use

bird-safe applications that consider patterns, 73. Balconies and terraces shall be incorporated into vertical
coating and reflectivity to reduce bird strikes. and horizontal shifts in building massing.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Design Details for Infill Exterior Building Materials

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Development Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

Historic Resources and Character Buildings are a

unique and valuable feature of Downtown and the INFILL DEVELOPMENT ADJACENT TO A
surrounding neighborhoods. These buildings reflect the HISTORIC RESOURCE OR CHARACTER
architectural and cultural history of Denver and help
unify the neighborhood’s sense of place. Infill buildings, BUILDING
particularly the street-facing facade, can seek inspiration
from an adjacent Historic Resource or Character Building. Infill development is encouraged to use articulation
that creates facade divisions with widths similar to
New buildings that respect the prevalent characteristics adjacent Historic Resources or Character Buildings.
elaborated within this section without mimicking a A variety of techniques can achieve this articulation,
Historic Resource or Character Building, will result in including facade design, material variations, and
buildings that fit comfortably into the context of the color variations. For example, if the facades of
urban streets while still expressing their own individuality nearby Historic Resource or Character Buildings are
and time. Rather than replicating historic treatments, vertical in proportion (taller than they are wide) then
shapes, and styles, the intents, standards and guidelines maintaining the vertical orientation of the building
in this section provide guidance to infill development to
respond to their context not only through their massing, facade will result in a more compatible design.
scale, and proportions, as described in “Chapter 1 | Site Do not replicate Historic Resource or Character
Organization” and “Chapter 2 | Building Mass & Scale”,
but also through articulation of facade design, material Building architecture to achieve these guidelines
choice, and roof form. and standards. Do not design new facades to
create a false historic appearance or copy historic
architectural features unless such features are integral
HISTORIC LANDMARKS & DISTRICTS to the design of the new construction.
Arapahoe Square includes designated Denver A facade will be considered to be adjacent to a Historic
Landmark structures and is adjacent to three Historic Resource or Character Building when it is visible from
Districts: a Historic District or Landmark Structure, or is visible
• Ballpark Historic District - A historic from a street or alley within 1/2 block of a Historic
commercial district located across the alley District, or zone lot that includes a Landmark Structure.
at the northwest edge of Arapahoe Square
• Clements Historic District - A historic Intent Statements
residential district located across the alley at
the southeast edge of Arapahoe Square 3.P To ensure designs that are compatible
• Curtis Park Historic District - A historic with adjacent Historic Resources and/or
residential district located across Park Character Buildings
Avenue West from Arapahoe Square
3.Q To promote contemporary designs that
• Five Points Historic Cultural District - A do not replicate or mimic historic style or
historic mixed use district located east of period of architecture
20th Street from Arapahoe Square
3.R To ensure design elements derived from
Golden Triangle includes designated Denver adjacent Historic Resources and/or
Landmark structures and is adjacent to Historic Character Buildings are integrated into the
Districts: overall facade composition
• Civic Center Historic District 3.S To ensure that infill development enriches
• Sherman Grant Historic District the street with quality of design, materials
• Speer Boulevard Parkway District and finishes
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Design Details for Infill


A A A
A A A B B B
B B
C
D
C
D
75. The example above demonstrates how horizontal elements and structural bays from adjacent Historic Resource or Character
Building facade are applied in new development.
Design Standards
3.55 New buildings adjacent to a Historic Resource
or Character Building shall recognize and
respond to existing patterns of scale, form,
articulation, materials, and proportion.
See Chapter 2 | Building Mass & Scale
3.56 Street facing facades shall express base,

middle, and top that reflects the adjacent
Historic Resource or Character Buildings.
3.57 A facade adjacent to a Historic Resource or

Character Building shall incorporate design
features consistent with the design standards
and guidelines for Primary Street-facing
Facades.
3.58 Architectural details on new buildings adjacent

to a Historic Resource or Character Building 74. Architectural details on new buildings adjacent to a Historic
shall not replicate or mimic a historic period. Resource or Character Building shall not simply replicate or
mimic a historic period.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Design Details for Infill


76. As per graphic above, architectural details on new buildings adjacent to a Historic Resource or Character Building shall not simply
replicate or mimic a historic period.
3.59 A facade adjacent to a Historic Resource Design Guidelines

or Character Building shall have at least
one horizontal element of the facade design
3.61 The Street-Level facade should incorporate
aligned approximately with another horizontal
building element on the adjacent Historic a floor-to-ceiling height that aligns with an
Resource or Character Building. adjacent Historic Resource or Character
Building.
3.60 New building adjacent to a Historic Resource See also Street Level Facade Design and Uses,
or Character building, shall consider the Standard 3.75.
following characteristics:
a. Facade rhythm
b. Structural bays
c. Solid to void relationships
d. Facade proportion and spacing
e. Street wall height
f. Ground floor height
g. Fenestration patterns
h. Cornices, belt courses
i. Materials
j. Canopies
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Adaptive Reuse and Exterior Building Materials

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Building Additions Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

Adaptive reuse, is the process of re-purposing buildings Design Standards

that have outlived their original purposes for different
uses or functions while at the same time retaining 3.62 Adaptive reuse shall maintain the Primary
their architectural features to preserve neighborhoods Street facing facade and materials to the
character. Adaptive reuse of buildings is a form of greatest extent practicable.
sustainable urban regeneration as it extends the original
a. When necessary, deteriorated exterior
building’s life, avoids demolition waste, and preserves
portions of buildings should be repaired
embodied energy in existing materials,and helps by reinforcing historic materials and by
maintain neighborhood character and contextuality. replacing original materials with in-kind
The standards and guidelines in this section aim to materials or with compatible substitute
encourage a thoughtful and sensitive approach to adaptive materials
reuse buildings without compromising the architectural b. Any necessary replacement materials shall
integrity of the building facade. However, any attempt to be compatible in size, scale, materials, and
replicate the facade of a character building when creating design to the remaining original building
a new addition, often devalues the quality of the original
character building.
3.63 New additions to a Character Building shall
use materials that are compatible with, but
clearly differentiated from, basic design
Intent Statements elements and materials of the existing
building.
3.T To limit significant facade alterations on
existing buildings
3.64 Rooftop additions shall be clearly
3.U To encourage reuse of existing buildings distinguishable as new, yet appropriately
with solutions that contributes to the unique scaled to be compatible with overall form,
architectural integrity of the neighborhood scale and mass, and detailed to sit atop of the
existing building.
3.V To promote building additions that are
proportional to the original structure
3.65 Existing facade elements that are determined
3.W To ensure that new design details integrate to be essential to the integrity of the Character
harmoniously with existing architectural Building shall be maintained and preserved.
details
77. Side, rear or top addition should draw upon, but not mimic,
the existing materials, massing, fenestration patterns, and
details of the existing structure.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Adaptive Reuse and

Additions Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

78. Adaptive reuse of character buildings shall make all efforts 79. Rooftop additions shall be highly distinguishable as new,
to keep the primary street facade of a Character Building intact. yet appropriately scaled and detailed to sit atop the character
building
Design Guidelines 3.70 If a Character Building has lost facade details

over time compromising the integrity of the
3.66 Additions or modifications should be facade, future alterations should aim to restore
consistent in rhythm, proportion, and scale of original facade characteristics of the building.
the existing building. Note that the reconstruction of a partially, or
completely, removed storefront should be based
3.67 Side, rear or top addition should draw on historical, pictorial or physical documentation.
upon, but not mimic, the existing materials, It is not appropriate to create a storefront with a
false historic appearance.
massing, fenestration patterns, and details of
the existing structure.
3.71 Exterior materials of a Character Building that
were historically unpainted should generally
3.68 Modifications to the facade of a Character
remain unpainted.
Building should not hinder the ability to
interpret the design character of the original Note that appropriate non-historic protective
building. coatings may be applied to exterior materials
where needed to protect the original material,
such as in areas of high pedestrian use.
3.69 Additional entrances, window openings,
and other similar modifications should be
3.72 Original exterior building material throughout
constructed in a manner that preserves the
the building should be preserved and
character of the buildings.
maintained to the extent practicable.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Street Level Facade Design

& Uses Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

In a downtown context, buildings may have multiple Intent Statements

frontages that face streets, Alleys, Private Access Drives,
the South Platte Riverfront, Parks, or Open Spaces. Active 3.X To activate the Public Realm through a
commercial and retail uses are often the most desirable variety of uses and architectural design
activity generators along the Street Level Facade because elements
the resulting pattern of entrances and display windows
provides multiple points of interaction between the 3.Y To promote Street Level designs with texture
building interior and adjacent public realm. and depth that provide a sense of Human
Scale
Street Level Facades with enhanced architectural 3.Z To provide well-designed transitions
elements that address Human Scale create streets that between public and private space
encourage and reinforce pedestrian activity. Lining the
Street Level Facade with Active Uses further promotes a 3.AA To encourage flexible Street Level designs
safe and animated Public Realm. Conversely, continuous that can accommodate a variety of uses over
uninterrupted glazing, lobbies and large-format time
commercial uses tend to be relatively un-animated spaces
that lack a strong or engaging connection with pedestrians 3.AB To encourage Street Level design and uses
and do little to improve safety from natural surveillance that contribute to public safety
and activity along the Street Level Facade. 3.AC To ensure that facade designs consider
potential future locations for pedestrian
On streets that prioritize residential character, Street oriented signage
Level residential units can create an animated frontage,
broaden the range of housing choices, and increase the 3.AD To create visual interest at the Street Level
opportunity for social interaction and natural surveillance.
DENVER ZONING CODE TRANSPARENCY

REQUIREMENTS
The Denver Zoning Code requires a minimum percentage
of Street Level transparency (the total linear feet of
windows or permitted alternatives along the Street Level
facade) to provide visual interest, and activate the street
and sidewalk. The design standards and guidelines in
this section are intended to build on Denver Zoning Code
Street Level transparency requirements.
DESIGN ADVISORY BOARD REVIEW OF

FACADE DESIGN FOR SIGN LOCATION
Although the Design Advisory Board does not use
“Chapter 6 | Building Signs” to review the location and
design of individual signs, the Design Advisory Board
does use “Chapter 3 | Facade Design & Site Design
Details” to consider potential future sign locations when 80. Where Key Streets intersect other streets, Street Level
reviewing proposed building designs. commercial space shall wrap the corner onto the intersecting
streets
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021


Design Standards 3.79 Buildings shall maintain a relationship

between the public sidewalk and elevation of
3.73 On Key Streets, frontages meeting Denver Street Level commercial uses, not to exceed
Zoning Code requirements for Street Level approximately 42 inches.
non-residential Active Uses shall:
a. Be focused at building corners (i.e., at 3.80 Street Level residential units shall include a
intersections of two streets or at activated vertical transition from the sidewalk level up to
Alleys and Private Access Drives). Where the finished floor elevation of the building that
Key Streets intersect other streets, Street does not exceed approximately 42 inches.
Level commercial space shall wrap the
corner onto the intersecting streets Note that along the South Platte Riverfront,
b. Incorporate wall openings, such as windows vertical separation greater than 42 inches may be
and doors, along the Street Level Facade that acceptable.
go beyond the minimum requirement set in
the DZC. 3.81 Facades shall be designed to accommodate
locations for future pedestrian-oriented
3.74 A Street Level Facade shall be designed to signage.
provide Human Scale through articulation, Appropriate strategies include:
transparency, and architectural details.
a. Incorporating a designated band or area for
signage above the Street Level for potential
3.75 The Street Level Facade shall incorporate future signage
elements to relate taller ground floor heights to
Human Scale. b. Designing canopies and awnings to
accommodate potential future signage
a. A height of approximately 12 feet (floor
to ceiling) is desired for a Street Level c. Designating areas to accommodate tenant or
occupied by residential uses directory signage near primary building entries
b. A height of approximately 14 feet (floor
to ceiling) is desired for a Street Level
occupied by commercial uses
3.76 Street Level Facades shall use well-detailed,

quality and durable materials that provide
texture and depth.
See “Exterior Building Materials” on page 68.
3.77 Each commercial use at the Street Level shall

have an individual public entry from the street.
3.78 Street Level building entries shall be

emphasized.
a. Recessed or projecting entries
b. Recessed or projecting canopies or awnings
c. Other design solutions that emphasize 81. Separate commercial uses at the Street Level shall have an
individual public entry from the street.
building entry prominence
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021


3.82 Accent lighting should be coordinated with the

scale and facade design of the building.
3.83 Exterior lighting shall be integrated with the

building design, create a sense of safety, and
encourage pedestrian activity after dark.
a. Shield exterior lighting to reduce glare and
eliminate light being cast into the night sky
b. Orient exterior lights away from adjacent
residential properties
c. For individual buildings, develop a family
of lighting with layers that contribute to the
night-time experience
d. Relate landscape lighting to the pedestrian
scale and character, highlighting special
landscape features
Design Guidelines
3.84 On Key Streets, the Street Level should be
developed with as much street-oriented
commercial frontage as practicable. 82. When a variety of active uses and architectural elements at
the Street Level are oriented to the street, they contribute to a
sense of safety and activate the Public Realm.
3.85 Commercial frontages should activate the
adjacent Public Realm.
a. Locate Highly Active Uses at or near the
minimum Primary Street setback
b. Utilize Enhanced Commercial Setback areas
with pedestrian seating, outdoor dining, or
an extended sidewalk. (See “Setback & Open
Space Design” on page 86)
c. Locate Open Spaces such as plazas that are
directly connected to building entries and
Highly Active Uses
3.86 Commercial frontages with Highly Active Uses

should be incorporated along the South Platte
Riverfront.
83. Windows, stoops, and patios, such as this example can

build upon the area’s unique location by orienting and focusing
on the South Platte Riverfront.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021


3.87 Street Level commercial frontage should be

distinguished from residential facades through
SMALL RETAIL
such methods as height, material, detail,
percentage of glazing.
Greater than 100 feet

LARGE FORMAT
3.88 Street Level commercial spaces should RETAIL SPACE
provide flexibility to accommodate other
interim uses in areas where active retail is
planned, but not yet fully established.
Prmiary Entry
SMALL RETAIL
3.89 Street Level commercial spaces should be
designed to accommodate future division to Primary Entry Secondary Entry
host small retail spaces or consolidation to Greater than 100 feet
support larger retail needs.
Appropriate techniques include: 84. Street Level retail frontages greater than approximately 100
a. Standardize structural bay spacing feet in length should be interspersed with additional pedestrian
entries or smaller Active Uses with a minimum depth of 15 feet.
b. Provide multiple entry points
c. Coordinate electrical, plumbing and HVAC
systems with individual bays
3.90 Street Level retail frontages greater than

approximately 100 feet in length should be
interspersed with additional pedestrian entries
or smaller Active Uses with a minimum depth
of 15 feet.
3.91 The Street Level should be visually

distinguished from Lower Stories above
through the use of architectural elements
including awnings, canopies, cornices, or
lintels.
3.92 Canopies and awnings used to define the

Street Level should be integrated into building
design.
a. Provide generously-sized awnings, metal
awning screens and other vertical screens to
provide shade for glass windows/doors while
preserving transparency
See “Awnings & Canopies” on page 90.
85. Commercial frontages should activate adjacent sidewalks

using various methods, including extending outdoor seating
into Enhanced Commercial Setbacks.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021


3.93 Street Level building design and architectural

features should be used to highlight
commercial uses, storefronts, and tenant
entries.
3.94 Street Level facade design should reinforce

the physical and visual connections between
interior spaces and the Public Realm.
a. Strategies, such as operable folding
storefronts and roll-up doors, are encouraged
to integrate indoor and outdoor spaces and
activate the Public Realm
3.95 Activated Alleys and Private Access Drives

that include commercial and residential uses
should incorporate the same features as
street-facing Facades.
86. Orienting Active Uses toward the South Platte Riverfront
3.96 Buildings should accommodate a transition provides visibility and security and encourage continuous use
between adjacent sidewalks and Street Level and public “ownership” of the river. A variety of uses such as
restaurants, cafes, and retail will enliven the area, offering more
residential units. reasons to populate the riverfront and add to its vitality (see
Appropriate techniques include: Guideline 3.84 and Guideline 3.96).
a. A landscaped Enhanced Residential Setback

area (see Guideline 3.101)
b. Open Spaces such as courtyards
c. Stoops or small private yard areas
d. Vertical transition from Street Level to the
finished floor of the building not to exceed
approximately 42” (see Standard 3.80)
3.97 Landscaping should not entirely block views

to and from interior uses.
3.98 Street Level facades adjacent to or across

the street from a Park, Open Space, or the
South Platte Riverfront should incorporate
features that activate the edge and contribute
to visibility and safety.
Appropriate features include:
a. Entrances and transparency linked to active
interior uses 87. Street Level Facade shall be designed to relate to Human
Scale through articulation, transparency, and architectural
b. Outdoor seating areas details.
c. Adequate, pedestrian-scaled lighting
d. Clear sight lines into the adjacent area
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021


3.99 Off Street Pedestrian Connections, Alleys and

Private Access Drives should be illuminated
for vehicle and pedestrian safety.
3.100 Security lighting should be integrated into the

architectural and landscape lighting system.
88. Street Level facades adjacent to or across the street from

a Park, Open Space, or the South Platte Riverfront should
incorporate features that activate the edge and contribute to
visibility and safety.
89. A vertical transition and landscaped Enhanced Residential

Setback provide a transition between adjacent sidewalk and a
Street Level residential unit.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Street Level Facade Design & Facade Articulation
Windows & Transparency
Street Level Facade Design & Uses
Building Entries
Uses Exterior Building Materials

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Building Entries Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

A high degree of visual and physical connection, Design Standards

including multiple entrances, support an active and
safe Public Realm. Vibrant and interesting streets are 3.101 Entrances shall be easily differentiated from
often characterized by many active, street-related uses the adjacent facade.
accessed by a series of pedestrian entrances from the
sidewalk.
3.102 A street facing pedestrian entrance shall be
Well-articulated entrances create an arrival experience located to relate to an immediate interior
and identity that defines the transition between public Street Level building use.
and private. Direct, universal access from the sidewalk a. Locate commercial entrances near the
to each building or Street Level use, animates the street elevation of the adjacent sidewalk.
and encourages pedestrian activity to occur in the Public
Realm rather than inside the building. Clear, visible 3.103 Entrances to individual Street Level residential
entries and views from building interiors to the street units shall be located approximately 6 to 42
provide security for building occupants and pedestrians. inches above the elevation of the adjacent
sidewalk.
Conversely, overly large or consecutive vehicular entries
can negatively affect the pedestrian experience in the Note that along the South Platte Riverfront,
vertical separation greater than 42 inches may be
Public Realm. These vehicular entrances should be acceptable.
minimized in size and number, and designed to recede
into the building facade.
3.104 Entrances set back from the Public Realm
by a plaza or entry court shall be visible and
maintain direct, universal access from the
Intent Statements sidewalk.
3.AE To emphasize importance of pedestrian
entries as a defining feature of Street Level
design
3.AF To ensure that pedestrian entrances are
located to generate activity and vibrancy on
the Street Level
3.AG To minimize the impacts of vehicular entries
90. Entrances shall be easily differentiated from the adjacent facade.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Entries

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Building Entries Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

Design Guidelines
3.105 Primary building entrances should be
emphasized over secondary commercial and/
or individual residential entrances through
signature building elements.
a. Changes in massing and facade plane
b. Differentiation in material and/or color
c. Higher level of architectural detailing
d. Landscape features
e. Accent lighting
3.106 Entrances should be incorporated into activated

Alleys or Private Access Drives that include
commercial and/or residential uses.
91. A street facing pedestrian entrance shall be located to
relate directly to an immediate interior Street Level building use.
3.107 Where light rail or multi-modal transit stations
exist adjacent to a building, orient entrances
toward the station.
3.108 Provide additional pedestrian interest and

comfort at primary entrances.
3.109 Vehicle access doors facing a Primary Street

should incorporate high-quality materials and
finishes that are consistent with the building.
92. Primary building entrances should be emphasized over

secondary commercial and/or residential entrances through
signature building elements.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Entries

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Setback & Open Space Design Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops
A well-designed Public Realm, is a flexible publicly-

accessible space that can support a variety of uses and
programmatic opportunities. The design should also
create an environment that supports meets or exceeds
public standards for universal accessibility, pedestrian
comfort, safety, and high-quality architectural, landscape,
and sustainable design.
New building developments have important on-site

opportunities to provide publicly-accessible Enhanced
Commercial Setbacks and Open Space, as well as semi-
private Enhanced Residential Setbacks when building
Street Level residential space. These spaces are typically
privately-owned and maintained. However, with the
exception of Enhanced Residential Setbacks, they should
act as public places and be designed to encourage year-
round public use. The location of Enhanced Setbacks
and Open Space along with the type, size, and intended
use of the space, may vary depending upon building use, 93. Enhanced Setback and Open Space areas are intended to
site characteristics, and the range of additional publicly- ensure that spaces where buildings are not built directly along
the sidewalk edge still contribute to activating the Public Realm.
accessible spaces available in the surrounding area.
Intent Statements
3.AH To encourage a variety of Open Space
typologies
3.AI To provide space for publicly accessible

outdoor amenities adjacent to buildings that
are visually open and contribute activity to
the Public Realm
3.AJ To provide transitions between public and

private areas
3.AK To ensure that the quality of Enhanced

Setbacks and Open Space contributes to the
character of the street and the neighborhood
3.AL To ensure a well designed Open Space

with quality materials that contribute to the
Human Scale 94. Residential frontages along the South Platte Riverfront
like the example above provide a transition between adjacent
sidewalks and private residences, by incorporating elements
such as terraces, stoops, planters, and seating areas. The
cumulative effect of these technique provide a comfortable
transition between public and private realm.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Entries

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Design Standards 3.115 Paving in Enhanced Commercial Setback and

Open Space areas shall incorporate a variety of
3.110 Open Space shall not be enclosed by a roof finishes, patterns, and detailing to distinguish
or walls greater than 42 inches in height, different use areas and contribute to the
including both temporary and permanent Human Scale of the Public Realm.
structures (aside from required barriers).
3.116 Open Space shall be designed to encourage
3.111 Open Spaces shall be fronted with Highly public use.
Active Uses on at least one side of the Open
a. Provide clear pedestrian access into the
Space.
open space
Highly Active Uses include, but are not limited to:
b. Incorporate signage and other visual
a. Retail storefronts elements to identify the open space is
b. Restaurants and cafes publicly accessible
c. Building lobbies and building amenity areas c. Provide seating, landscaping, and other
elements that support pedestrian respit and
d. Recreation facilities activity
e. Arts, cultural or civic facilities
3.117 Planters or railings with planters shall be used
3.112 Street Level residential uses on the South when enclosure of outdoor eating and drinking
Platte Riverfront, shall incorporate an areas is required.
Enhanced Residential Setback or Open Space
to provide a semi-private transition zone.
a. Vertical grade separations
b. Stoops, porches, and patios
c. Seating areas
d. Trees and landscaping
3.113 Enhanced Commercial Setback and Open

Space areas shall be designed to provide
pedestrian comfort.
a. Access to sun and shade
b. Benches, waste receptacles and other
furnishings
c. Pedestrian-scaled lighting
d. Trees and landscaping
3.114 Enhanced Setback and Open Space areas shall

not include landscaping, fencing, or walls that
significantly block views to and from interior 95. Enhanced Setback and Open Space areas shall not include
uses at the Street Level in order to provide landscaping, fencing, or walls that significantly block views to
and from interior uses at the Street Level in order to provide
natural surveillance of pedestrian areas. natural surveillance of pedestrian areas.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Entries

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
ENHANCED SETBACK PATH OF TRAVEL AMENITY ZONE ON STREET

PARKING
96. Outdoor dining may occur on any portion of the Public Realm provided a minimum 8-foot wide continuous walkway is maintained.
Design Guidelines
3.118 Enhanced Commercial Setback and Open 3.121 Enhanced Commercial Setback, Enhanced
Space areas should be designed to support a Residential Setback, and Open Space areas
mix of passive and active uses. should be designed to complement adjacent
building uses.
3.119 Street Level facades should be augmented Complementary designs for an Enhanced
with Enhanced Commercial Setbacks that Commercial Setback include:
improve the pedestrian environment and serve a. Areas that provide seating for customers of
as an extension of the Public Realm. adjacent commercial storefronts
a. Consider modest setbacks that add b. Outdoor eating and servicing areas adjacent
pedestrian use area to a cafe or restaurant
b. Consider using complementary materials c. Landscaped courtyards with integrated seating
that are similar to the adjacent sidewalk, to complement adjacent commercial uses
yet distinguish the Enhanced Commercial Complementary designs for an Enhanced
Setback area through changes in color, Residential Setback include:
texture, and/or pattern
d. Stoops or landscaped areas to transition to
adjacent Street Level residential units
3.120 Pedestrian areas that are part of an Enhanced e. Landscaped courtyards with integrated seating
Commercial Setback, Enhanced Residential to complement adjacent residential units
Setback, or Open Space should use high-
quality durable materials.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Entries

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
3.122 Enhanced Setbacks and Open Space areas a. Open Space areas should incorporate
should incorporate features to enhance year- landscaped plantings and/or permeable
round usability. paving to enhance the pedestrian experience
Features may include, but are not limited to: and manage storm water.
a. Trees, canopies, awnings, or other features See “Amenity Zone & Street Trees” on page 106.
that provide shade where the space is
exposed to the summer sun
3.127 Enhanced Setback and Open Space areas
b. Seating areas designed and oriented to should incorporate enhanced on-site water
provide winter warmth avoiding areas that quality systems.
may be shaded in the winter months
Note that examples of passive uses may be a. Incorporate enhanced stormwater system
seating areas, access to sun and shade, public design into the overall design of the Public
art, fountains and the like. While active uses Realm
may include play areas, dog parks, sport courts,
b. Design water quality areas beyond purely
flexible open spaces, and the like.
functional requirements to be attractive in
wet and dry conditions
3.123 Larger Open Spaces should be designed c. Off-site locations for larger integrated
to accommodate events such as outdoor networks that combine water quality
markets or performances, where possible. requirements from multiple projects are also
appropriate
3.124 Enhanced Commercial Setbacks and Open
Space areas should provide both formal and Note that when provided, applicant should
informal seating areas. indicate a maintenance plan and specify
vegetation types, as well as solutions for drought.
Formal seating may include, but is not limited to:
a. Integrated benches See “Stormwater Management & Landscape” on
page 118.
b. Movable chairs or benches
Informal seating may include, but is not limited to: 3.128 Public Art should be integrated into an
c. Planter ledges that provide seating Enhanced Commercial Setback or Open Space
d. Bollards or planters area, where possible.
See “Public Art” on page 114.
3.125 Water features or water design themes should
be considered to enhance the quality and
character of Open Space.
a. Water features should be functionally and
visually integrated with the overall design of
the Open Space
b. Water features should be designed to be
attractive and useful with or without water
c. Water features should be interactive and
engaging to users in the Public Realm
3.126 Trees and plantings in an Enhanced Setback or

Open Space area should be hardy and drought 97. Public Art should be integrated into an Enhanced
Commercial Setback or Open Space area, where possible.
tolerant.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Building Entries

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Awnings & Canopies Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops
Awnings and canopies provide architectural interest and

help break down large building facades to the human-
scale along the Public Realm. They also provide important
sun and weather protection especially at primary building
entries and individual entries.
Intent Statements
3.AM To ensure that awnings and canopies are
integrated into the overall building facade
and public realm
3.AN To add visual interest to the pedestrian

environment and contribute to the Human
Scale of the Street Level
3.AO To enhance the pedestrian environment by

providing shade and comfort
98. Awnings and canopies shall be an integral part of the
3.AP To create interesting rhythms and patterns architectural design of the building.
along the building facade
3.AQ To ensure that awnings and canopies are

made of durable and quality materials
Design Standards
3.129 Awnings and canopies shall be an integral part
of the architectural design of the building.
a. Incorporate awnings and canopies into
vertical and horizontal shifts in building
massing and articulation
b. Awnings and canopies shall not be supported
by posts in the Public Realm, but be
cantilevered or hung from the building face
3.130 Awnings and canopies shall be fabricated

of quality durable materials consistent with
materials used on the building.
3.131 Awnings and canopies shall not interfere with

existing or proposed street trees.
3.132 Awnings and canopies should be sized to 99. Awnings and canopies shall be fabricated of quality durable
provide shelter. materials consistent with materials used on the building.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Entries

Balconies
Awnings & Canopies
Awnings & Canopies Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops
100. Awnings and canopies should be designed as individual 101. Canopies should incorporate transparent or translucent
components and not be continuous and uninterrupted along glazing to permit the passage of light, and avoid deep
the street frontage. shadowed spaces.
Design Guidelines
3.133 Awnings and canopies should be consistent 3.138 Canopies should incorporate transparent or
with, and relate to, the Facade design of the translucent glazing to permit the passage of
building. light, and avoid deep shadowed spaces.
3.134 The design of awnings or canopies from

one building and block to the next should
be diverse, but compatible with the overall
architecture and streetscape design.
3.135 Awnings and canopies should contribute to

the Human Scale of the Street Level and not
be located over approximately 12-14 feet
above the sidewalk.
3.136 Awnings and canopies should be designed as

individual components and not be continuous
and uninterrupted along the street frontage.
3.137 Retractable awnings should be considered to

provide shade for seasonal outdoor seating.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Structured Parking
Facades Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

Zoning standards in the D-CPV districts require that Design Standards

a majority of Primary Street-facing parking structure
facades be wrapped by Active Uses. The remaining visible 3.139 Facade areas with Visible Structured Parking
areas must still screen structured parking to avoid views shall be designed to minimize the visual
of parked cars from the street and further strengthen impacts to the Public Realm by screening
the characteristics of the Public Realm. The following lights and vehicle headlights.
standards and guidelines address the visible portion of Appropriate techniques include to screen security
parking structures to complement the design context lighting and headlights:
of the area as expressed in the scale, proportion and a. Use of non-transparent materials for
materials of nearby buildings. approximately the first 36 to 48 inches of
the facade on each floor, to block the view of
headlights
b. Architectural features and screening that
Intent Statements conceal ceiling and security lighting
3.AR To promote structured parking facades that c. Use of fully-shielded LED or other lighting
are fully activated with uses not exceeding approximately 2,500 lumens
d. All garage interior lighting within 40 feet
3.AS To minimize the impact of vehicles and of openings must have light shields and be
structured parking on the Public Realm and on automatic dimmers to reduce lighting in
surrounding properties evening and night hours to maximum 2 foot
candles
3.AT To ensure all parking structures have
well designed facades that are visually 3.140 Facade areas with Visible Structured Parking
compatible with the character and quality of shall reflect the overall fenestration pattern
the overall building facade on the building facade and meet the same
transparency standards for non parking
facades.
a. Use similar opening proportions to those on
the overall facade
b. Align openings with those on adjacent
buildings or facade areas
3.141 Visible Structured Parking shall be integrated

into the overall Facade and utilize architectural
articulation consistent with the rest of the
building design.
a. Continuing similar building materials across
facade areas with Visible Structured Parking
b. Continuing vertical and horizontal
articulation across facade areas with Visible
Structured Parking
c. Provide a high level of architectural design
and finish. Expanses of blank walls shall not
be allowed
102. Structured parking shall be completely wrapped with another
use on facades facing Key Streets.
See “Facade Articulation” on page 92.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Structured Parking
Facades Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

3.142 Fenestration pattern for Visible Structured

Parking shall integrate treatments that disguise DENVER ZONING CODE LIMITATION ON
the appearance of a parking garage.
VISIBLE PARKING
Features may include, but are not limited to:
a. Mullions In the D-CPV-T/R/C, D-AS-12+/20+, and D-GT zone
b. Glass panels districts, the Denver Zoning Code includes a limitation
on the visibility of parking structures above the Street
c. Decorative screening
Level along Primary Streets. This limitation requires
any parking structure facade located within 70% of
3.143 Design treatments used for Visible Structured the street-facing Zone Lot width to be wrapped by an
Parking shall continue around the corner for
approximately 50 feet of an Alley or Private Active Use, meaning that any portion in the remaining
Access Drive-facing Facade. 30% of the Zone Lot may be visible. To minimize the
visual prominence of parking structures, the design
standards and guidelines in this section build on
3.144 Mechanical ventilation systems for structured
parking shall be located to minimize the the Denver Zoning Code limitation and express the
impact on adjacent properties. architectural quality that is expected for any Visible
Structured Parking. Refer to the Denver Zoning Code
for more details on the specific situations where this
3.145 When Alley or Private Access Drive is
available mechanical ventilation systems limitation applies.
shall not be located on Primary Street-facing
Facade. When an Alley or Private Access Drive
is not provided, mechanical ventilation shall
be properly screened and integrated into the
Primary Street-facing Facade.
a. Locate ventilation and mechanical systems
away from entrances, windows or balconies
of adjacent properties
Design Guidelines
3.146 Structured parking should be completely
wrapped with active use on facades facing
Key Streets.
3.147 Street facing Visible Structured Parking

should be designed to accommodate future
conversion to non-parking uses.
3.148 Alley and Private Access Drive-facing facades

of parking structures that face adjacent non-
parking uses should be designed to mitigate
impacts on neighbors.
a. Use features such as screened facade
openings that block views of headlights and
lighting 103. Retail and facade ornamentation on the Lower Story
b. Locate ventilation and mechanical systems Facade of the building mask a parking structure, effectively
away from entrances, windows or balconies screening views of parked cars and providing an active street
environment for the pedestrian.
of adjacent properties
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Building Rooftops Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

Although mostly invisible from the street, rooftops are a. Screen equipment from view from surrounding
prominent features of the cityscape from neighboring streets and structures
buildings. Appropriate designs for the top of a building b. Set back equipment by at least 10 feet from
are influenced by many factors, which may include the roof edge/parapet
location, height, building composition, architectural c. Where rooftop mechanical and service
expression, and overall ‘fit’ within the existing context elements are taller than 10 feet in height from
of the city skyline. While not all building rooflines the rooftop, increase setbacks by one foot for
each foot of additional height
will warrant a signature feature, a roofline that utilizes
architectural features highlighted through lighting and
form can enhance the design and presence of a building 3.150 Rooftop mechanical, service and amenity
at night. elements shall be integrated into building
design and massing to minimize visual clutter
on the skyline.
Importantly, rooftop appurtenances must be considered
early in the design process and integrated into the overall Appropriate techniques include:
architectural composition, rather than simply attached a. Integrating rooftop mechanical, service and
as an afterthought. Items such as vents, tanks, wiring, amenity elements (such as a rooftop deck)
into rooftop architectural features
rooftop rooms, and stored window washing equipment
can create unattractive clutter. High-quality materials, b. Using materials and colors that are
complementary to Upper Story Facade or
occupiable outdoor space, and rooftop mechanical Tower Facade treatments to screen rooftop
equipment shielded or arranged with care can make the mechanical and service elements
roof a neutral or attractive part of the urban view.
3.151 Rooftop screening material that is visible
from the street shall be of durable and quality
Intent Statements material that complements the overall facade
design.
3.AU To create building rooflines that positively
contribute to the quality and character of the 3.152 Mechanical equipment located adjacent to or
city skyline facing window or door openings shall provide
screening and sound buffers to mitigate noise
3.AV To ensure that non-decorative rooftop and visual impact.
equipment, such as mechanical and
telecommunication, are not visible and fully
3.153 Telecommunication equipment shall not be
screened from view
mounted on any primary street facing facades.
3.AW To incorporate environmentally sustainable a. Aim to locate telecommunication
building technologies equipment on rooftops, Alley or Private
Access Drive
b. When telecommunication equipment is
required to be located on a side interior zone
Design Standards lot line, locate equipment at least 15 feet
away from Primary Street Facing Facade
3.149 Rooftop mechanical and service elements, c. Paint telecommunication equipment to
such as ventilation equipment, elevator match or compliment the exterior facade
penthouses, mechanical rooms, antennas finish and color
and telecommunications equipment, shall be
screened and set back from the roof edge/ 3.154 Vents, exhaust fans, and other roof
parapet to minimize visibility from the Public penetrations should be grouped to the greatest
Realm. extent possible to avoid visual clutter.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Building Rooftops Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops

104. Rooftop screening should be expressed as part of the

building composition and fully integrated architecturally.
Design Guidelines
3.155 Building rooftops and parapets should
enhance the character of the skyline and
strengthen the identity of individual buildings.
105. Sustainable technologies such as solar panels, planted
green roofs, and blue roofs for water runoff collection and
3.156 Rooftop lighting should be designed with treatment, should be incorporated into the top of buildings.
adjustable intensity controls.
3.157 Rooftop screening should be expressed as DENVER GREEN BUILDING ORDINANCE

part of the building composition and integrated The Denver Green Building Ordinance requires that
into the building design and massing. new buildings with 25,000 or greater in gross floor
area, including those who must only comply with
3.158 Environmentally sustainable technologies the provision of a cool roof, must submit required
such as solar panels, planted green roofs, documents for review when constructing either a
and blue roofs for water runoff collection and new roof or a roof replacement. Buildings Renewable
treatment, should be incorporated into the top energy devices being used to fulfill a Green Buildings
of buildings. Ordinance requirement shall also be submitted for
review, regardless of the size of the system.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Fences, Walls, & Screens Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops
Where buildings are set back from the sidewalk edge,

low fences and walls can provide a threshold between
public and private space. A low fence creates comfortable
separation while encouraging interaction between
residents and passersby. In contrast, taller fences and
walls evoke a sense of fortification and create isolated
enclosures.
Intent Statements
3.AX To ensure that fences, walls, and screens
enhance the pedestrian environment and are
well integrated into the building design and
overall streetscape
3.AY To ensure that fences, walls and screens use

quality and durable materials
3.AZ To ensure that fences and walls reinforce

ground level transparency, and a welcoming
character for ground level uses facing the
street 106. Street Level residential units can incorporate railings
between private patios and landings to physically separate
them from the Public Realm, but still allow for social interaction.
Design Standards
3.159 Primary Street-facing fences and walls shall 3.162 Fences, walls, and screens for service
not exceed approximately 42 inches in height areas and utilities shall be designed to
above the Street Level. minimize visibility from the Public Realm and
complement adjacent building facades.
3.160 Fences and walls shall complement the a. Use colors and materials that are
architectural style and materials of the Lower complementary to the building facade color
Story Facade. and materials
b. Screen dumpsters or other waste
receptacles with high-quality materials and/
3.161 Side yard fences and walls shall connect to
or landscaping that is consistent with the
the side of a building a minimum of 2 feet building design
back from the front facade of the building.
3.163 Fences and walls visible from the Public

Realm shall use durable, high-quality materials
compatible with the materials of the primary
structure.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Fences, Walls, & Screens Adaptive Reuse and Building Additions Building Rooftops
107. Fences and walls shall complement the architectural style and materials of the Lower Story Facade.
Design Guidelines
3.164 Methods other than fences and walls used 3.168 Gates should be in proportion to the fence or
to create appropriate transitions between wall and not exceed approximately 42 inches
the Public Realm and Street Level uses are in height above the Street Level when adjacent
preferred. to the Public Realm.
3.165 Minimize the use of fences and walls to 3.169 Retaining walls should be designed in the form
completely enclose private spaces. of low terraces, limited to 30 inches or less,
to preserve high visibility and avoid required
3.166 When enclosure of outdoor eating and drinking railings.
areas is required, railings should be designed
as an integral part of the building Facade.
3.167 Fences, walls, and screens should be made of

durable and low-maintenance materials, such
as metal or Masonry and/or be integrated into
high-quality landscape planters.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Chapter 4 | Streetscape Design
Streetscape Design addresses the quality of the space found between the street edge
and the face of the building or private property boundary. This space is the primary
area of public occupation and significantly shapes the pedestrian experience.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES Chapter 4 | Streetscape Guidelines 99
APRIL 2021
Introduction to Streetscape Design Stormwater Management & Landscape
Introduction to Streetscape
Streetscape Furnishing & Lighting
Streetscape Paving
Amenity Zone & Street Trees
Bicycle & Scooter Parking
Design Development Along the 5280 Trail

Public Art
Streetscape design addresses the character of the space Streetscape Elements

generally located between the street edge and face of
adjacent buildings, including the sidewalk and Amenity The urban streetscape will typically include a progression
Zone. Well-designed streetscape and landscape elements of spaces from the street to the Primary Street Zone
support safe and comfortable pedestrian movement Lot Line (usually near the edge of the sidewalk). The
and add distinctive character to the area. The design standards and guidelines in this chapter primarily
standards and guidelines included in this chapter are address design treatments within the Amenity Zone and
focused on the character and quality of the experience, sidewalk areas. “Setback & Open Space Design” on page
rather than specific design solutions, to provide flexibility 86 provides specific design standards and guidelines
in addressing technical engineering and infrastructure for Enhanced Setback and Open Space areas which are
requirements. located on private property, but are often directly linked to
the sidewalk and overall streetscape.
Typically, streetscapes and the street itself are located
within a public Right-of-Way located between private
property. In cases where public Right-of-Way applies,
the Department of Transportation and Infrastructure and
the Office of the City Forester has review and approval
authority and may result in a deviation from the design
standards and guidelines stated in this chapter.
Right-of-Way areas that are privately owned and managed

shall use these standards and guidelines to address
the design character and quality of the streetscape.
Other associated processes or documents, such as
Infrastructure Master Plans or Development Agreements,
may require additional standards related to block size,
vehicular access, streets, and the Public Realm.
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
AND INFRASTRUCTURE REVIEW OF
STREETSCAPE DESIGN
All projects in the public Right-of-Way are subject
to review and approval by the City of Denver’s
Department of Public Works and the Office of the
City Forester. In some cases, Public Works and City
Forester review may result in required changes to
streetscape designs or deviation from these design
standards and guidelines.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

100 Chapter 4 | Streetscape Guidelines DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
APRIL 2021
Introduction to Streetscape
Streetscape Paving
Design Development Along the 5280 Trail

Public Art
C
B
A
108. Typical streetscape progression from the street to Amenity Zone to sidewalk.
A B
109. The street is the paved area within the Right-of-Way that 110. The Amenity Zone is the area between the street and
is typically reserved for vehicular traffic, bicycles, transit, and sidewalk that is improved with street trees, paving, street
on-street parking. furniture or other amenities. See “Amenity Zone & Street Trees”
on page 106 for additional information.
111. Sidewalks provide the primary pedestrian walkway

between the Amenity Zone and the Primary Street Zone Lot
Line. They may be directly linked to Enhanced Commercial
Setback and Open Space areas described in “Setback & Open
Space Design” on page 86.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Streetscape Furnishing &

Streetscape Paving
Lighting Development Along the 5280 Trail

Public Art
Streetscape furnishings contribute to the identity and

character of a district. Elements such as seating, bicycle
racks, trash/recycling receptacles, and newspaper
dispensers add important functionality, as well as
visual interest, to the street. Street furnishings create
the settings for resting, sitting and eating, and social
encounters with others. Such settings may be of great
importance to the elderly, those with limited mobility,
and adults who have small children. In addition to their
functional aspects, furnishings can also be socially
significant as they support a comfortable environment and
encourage human interaction.
Streetscape lighting provides illumination of both the

roadways and the Public Realm for visibility, safety, and
security. Pedestrian lighting complements required street
lighting and contributes to the safety and design quality of 112. Streetscape furnishings can be used to encourage
pedestrian activity and define areas of respite.
the nighttime pedestrian experience.
Intent Statements RESPITE AREAS

Respite Areas are small spaces adjacent to the sidewalk
4.A To use furnishings and lighting elements to
that encourage pedestrians to briefly dwell and linger
contribute to the activity and Human Scale of
in the Public Realm. These can be especially useful
the streetscape
near Street Level commercial and retail land uses.
4.B To promote a comfortable, safe, and clean Respite Areas should include seating elements, shade
pedestrian environment from street trees, and other furnishings that create a
comfortable space for a short break from the urban
4.C To ensure that streetscape furnishings and environment.
lighting are made of high-quality, durable
materials
FLEXIBILITY FOR SMALL LOTS
4.D To allow creative furnishing and lighting
Flexibility in the application of the Streetscape Design
designs
standards and guidelines may be appropriate for
smaller lots (lots less than approximately 75 feet in
width).
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Streetscape Paving

Public Art
113. Streetscape furnishings shall be located to maintain a 114. Streetscape lighting shall be designed to contribute to the
clear pedestrian walkway at least 8 feet in width. pedestrian experience and enhance a sense of security.
Design Standards
4.01 Streetscape furnishings shall be provided to 4.04 Streetscape lighting shall be designed to
encourage pedestrian activity. contribute to the pedestrian experience and
Appropriate techniques include: enhance a sense of security.
a. Benches Appropriate techniques include:
b. Planters a. Placing fixtures at lower heights
c. Bicycle racks b. Use of fixtures that provide even lighting
d. Waste Receptacles c. Installation of fixtures at sufficient intervals
to avoid dark zones
e. Pet waste bag dispensers
4.05 Streetscape lighting, telecommunication

4.02 Streetscape furnishings shall be located to towers, and furnishings shall be located to
maintain a clear pedestrian walkway of at least minimize current and future conflicts with
8 feet in width. street trees.
4.03 Streetscape furnishings shall be durable and

suitable for outdoor conditions in the local
climate.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Streetscape Paving

Public Art
Design Guidelines 4.11 Pedestrian lighting should be integrated into

streetscape design elements.
4.06 Seating should be designed so that it does not Appropriate locations include:
hold water and/or debris. a. Streetscape furnishings
b. Landscape planters
4.07 Seating should be located to utilize desired c. Paving systems
sun and/or shade areas.
d. Walls, railings, or bollards
4.08 Waste receptacles should be provided and

4.12 Telecommunications equipment, signage,
have multiple functions such as landfill,
and other pole-mounted elements should be
compost, and recycling.
integrated into pedestrian lighting or other
streetscape features to reduce unnecessary
4.09 Streetscape furnishings should incorporate clutter within the Public Realm.
creative designs.
a. Streetscape furnishings that serve multiple
purposes such as planters with integrated
seating or lighting
b. Flexible and movable seating
c. Incorporating Public Art
4.10 Streetscape furnishings should consider

opportunities to support wireless connectivity,
mobile communication, and other similar
technologies.
115. Streetscape furnishings should incorporate creative 116. Pedestrian lighting should be integrated into streetscape
designs. design elements.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Streetscape Paving
Topic Title Paving

Streetscape Development Along the 5280 Trail
Public Art
Changes in paving material, color, or finish can Design Guidelines

distinguish varying pedestrian conditions in the
streetscape, such as sidewalks and Amenity Zones, and 4.14 Paving materials should be coordinated along
help break down large spaces to a more Human Scale. blocks and streets to maintain a consistent
It can also be used to help establish the character of design approach.
a district or special zone. Unique colors, textures and
materials can be used to create variety, embellish the
Public Realm, and guide movement through subtle 4.15 Paving design should be used to differentiate
wayfinding cues. varying uses and areas of the streetscape.
a. Use of distinctive paving to differentiate the
Amenity Zone from the pedestrian walkway
Intent Statements
b. Use of distinctive paving to differentiate the
4.E To encourage coordinated paving designs sidewalks from an Enhanced Commercial
Setback, Open Space, or Private Access Drive
4.F To identify different areas of the streetscape
c. Use of creative paving designs that
4.G To promote paving designs that help manage distinguish different types of mobility or
stormwater identify specific streets/districts
4.16 Permeable paving should be considered to

Design Standards allow infiltration of stormwater.
4.13 Streetscape paving shall incorporate a Appropriate techniques include:
variety of finishes, colors, patterns, and/or a. Ensure permeable paving meets
detailing to distinguish different use areas and requirements for pedestrian use
contribute to the Human Scale of the Public b. Design permeable paving to be easily
Realm. cleaned and maintained to encourage proper
function over time
PAVING MATERIALS IN THE PUBLIC

RIGHT-OF-WAY
DOTI reviews and approves paving materials and
designs within the public Right-of-Way. Public Works
may approve unique or distinctive paving designs in
the public Right-of-Way if applicants have a program
in place to ensure ongoing maintenance of special
paving.
STREET PAVING
This section addresses only pedestrian-area paving
within the streetscape that is between the curb and
Zone Lot. It does not address the paving of vehicular
117. Streetscape paving shall incorporate a variety of finishes, travel lanes, bicycle lanes, or other paved areas
colors, patterns, and/or detailing to contribute to the Human
Scale of the Public Realm. within streets, Alleys, or Private Access Drives.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Amenity Zone & Street

Streetscape Paving
Trees Development Along the 5280 Trail

Public Art
The Amenity Zone is the area between the street and Design Standards
sidewalk that can incorporate street trees, landscaping,
paving, streetscape furnishings, stormwater management 4.17 The Amenity Zone shall incorporate a variety
systems and other amenities. Amenity Zones contribute of pedestrian-oriented amenities.
to the health of area users and residents, promote a sense
of place, enhance air and water quality, and invigorate the
Public Realm in urban environments. a. Street trees and landscape areas
b. Paved pedestrian use areas
Street trees are especially vital in higher intensity areas as c. Outdoor eating and serving areas
they contribute substantial environmental and economic
d. Fixed and movable furnishings
benefits. They contribute to the health and vitality of the
neighborhood by providing shade to the sidewalk and e. Pedestrian lighting
outdoor seating areas, helping mitigate the urban heat
island effect, and filtering vehicular noise and exhaust. 4.18 Amenity Zone designs shall respond to an
adjacent dedicated Bicycle Facility.
Trees also help break down the urban environment to Appropriate techniques include:
Human Scale. They have an ability to focus and tie the
streetscape together, and be used to screen, connect, a. Providing designated pedestrian access to/
from the Bicycle Facility
or emphasize adjacent structures or objects. As trees
branch across the pavement, they tend to visually reduce b. Locating bicycle racks to be accessible from
adjacent building height and street width. the Bicycle Facility
Intent Statements
4.H To create a well-designed and coordinated
streetscape experience
4.I To ensure Amenity Zone designs and
materials retain their quality over time
4.J To introduce natural elements to the
streetscape
4.K To ensure thoughtful placement and long-
term viability of street trees
OFFICE OF THE CITY FORESTER

APPROVAL
A permit is required from the Department of Parks and
Recreation Office of the City Forester prior to planting
or removing trees from the public Right-of-Way per
Chapter 57 of the Denver Revised Municipal Code.
118. Street trees and landscape areas within the Amenity Zone
can be used to soften and humanize the urban environment.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Streetscape Paving

Public Art
4.19 Bollards located in Amenity Zones shall not

obstruct pedestrian or bicycle mobility.
4.20 New multi-unit residential shall prioritizing

designated pet areas on-site within the building,
on outdoor amenity decks.
4.21 Streetscape design adjacent to multifamily

residential projects shall address pet-related
impacts.
a. Providing resilient landscaping in the
Amenity Zone that can survive impacts
related to dogs or other pets
b. Considering limited use of barriers or
fencing to protect landscape areas 119. The Amenity Zone shall incorporate a variety of pedestrian-
oriented amenities, such as outdoor eating and serving areas.
4.22 Street tree planting shall follow current rules

and regulations established by the Office of
the City Forester.
4.23 Tree grates, when allowed, shall be designed

and sized to accommodate mature trunk sizes.
4.24 Street tree planting areas shall be designed to

support the root system of mature trees.
a. Providing a minimum soil volume of 600
cubic feet per tree with a minimum depth of
36 inches (note, soil volume of 1000 cubic
feet is preferred)
b. Dimensioning tree planting areas to be a
minimum of 5 feet wide by 15 feet long
c. Using suspended pavement systems
d. Using structural soil in conjunction with
other techniques
e. Using permeable pavers
120. Tree grates, when allowed, shall be designed and sized to

accommodate mature trunk sizes.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Streetscape Paving

Public Art
Design Guidelines
4.25 When the use of traditional bollards is
necessary they should be removable or
retractable, integrate lighting, and be slim in
character to not be visually distracting.
4.26 Signs, display kiosks, utility boxes, and other

ground-mounted appurtenances should
be consolidated and integrated with other
streetscape elements to reduce unnecessary
clutter within the Amenity Zone.
4.27 Underground utilities and access to them

should be consolidated to avoid conflicts with
the Amenity Zone.
4.28 Underground parking structures should be

designed to allow the planting of street trees
above with necessary soil volume, and avoid
conflicts with the Amenity Zone above.
121. Planting areas should be designed to protect trees.
4.29 Planting areas should be designed to protect
trees.
a. Using woody shrubs and other landscape
material to surround street trees
b. Using features that retain organic surface
treatments and other ground covers in the
planting area
4.30 Building location and streetscape designs

should promote development of a mature tree
and root canopy.
a. Providing bulb-outs that allow space for
larger canopy trees
b. Accommodating additional soil volume
beneath paved areas to support tree root
extension and health
c. Stepping buildings back by approximately 5
feet above the third floor to allow room for 122. Landscape areas should avoid being fully enclosed by
symmetrical tree canopy growth raised borders that restrict pedestrian movement and the
natural flow of stormwater from adjacent areas.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021

Streetscape Paving

Public Art
4.31 Landscape areas should avoid being fully

enclosed by raised borders that restrict STREET TREES
pedestrian movement and the natural flow of
The Office of the City Forester maintains a list of
stormwater from adjacent areas. approved street trees and required spacing rules. Any
deviation from the list must be approved by the City
4.32 Amenity Zone designs and materials should Forester. A permit is required from the City Forester
promote long-term quality and minimize prior to planting or removing trees from the public
maintenance. Right-of-Way per Chapter 57 of the Revised Municipal
Code. Trees planted within the public Right-of-Way are
Appropriate techniques include: also subject to DOTI review.
a. Using high-quality durable materials,
including landscape materials Maintaining tree species diversity is the priority
to avoid mass tree losses that can occur through
b. Using modular elements that may be monoculture planting. Street tree species selection
removed to allow maintenance access or can also contribute to visual consistency and
replacement aesthetic quality based on tree size, shape, branch
c. Using integrated irrigation systems structure, and seasonal leaf color.
Colorado State University also maintains a list of
4.33 Low Impact Development (LID) stormwater recommended tree species for the Front Range for
management systems should be integrated trees planted outside the Right-of-Way.
into the Amenity Zone where appropriate.
See “Stormwater Management & Landscape” on STRUCTURAL CELLS VS. SOILS
page 118. Structural Cells and other techniques can be used
in conjunction with suspended paving systems
to support the weight of pedestrian and vehicular
loading while allowing for large volumes of lightly
compacted soils below that promote mature tree
growth. By supporting healthier-growing trees,
Structural Cells help promote the intent to introduce
natural elements to the street and Public Realm.
Suspended pavement systems also contribute to
maintenance of pre-development hydrology to
support LID stormwater management.
Structural soil is a medium below the pavement that

is approximately 80% rock and can be compacted to
support building and paving requirements while still
allowing for some tree root growth.
Structural Cells and suspended pavement systems

are the preferred method since they support healthier
and faster tree growth over time than structural soils,
due in part to their ability to minimize compaction,
allow better hydrologic conditions, and maintain
much higher levels of natural soil and organic matter.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Streetscape Paving
Topic Title
Bicycle & Scooter Parking Development Along the 5280 Trail
Public Art
Convenient and safe bicycle parking and related facilities

are fundamental to encouraging alternative modes of
mobility, particularly when traveling short distances on a
regular basis. These standards and guidelines represent
a basis for helping to provide sufficient bicycle parking
facilities throughout Downtown Denver. In addition
to the provision of bicycle parking, new commercial
development is to consider additional needs for bicycle
users, such as lockers, changing rooms, and shower
facilities.
Intent Statements
4.L To promote sufficient parking for bicycles, 123. Bicycle parking shall be located near active pedestrian
scooters and other micromobility devices areas that are visible from the street.
that is appropriate to adjacent uses
4.M To ensure that bicycle parking is safe,

Design Standards
secure, and easily accessible
4.34 Bicycle and scooter parking shall be located to
avoid conflicts with pedestrian traffic.
DENVER ZONING CODE BICYCLE
4.35 Bicycle racks and scooter parking shall be
PARKING REQUIREMENTS located a minimum of 4 feet from street trees.
The Denver Zoning Code provides specific requirements Further distances are encouraged to avoid use
for fixed bicycle parking. The design standards and of trees as additional docking stations and/or
guidelines in this section are intended to build on racks.
Denver Zoning Code requirements with additional
guidance regarding the placement and character of 4.36 Pedestrian and bicycle access to parking
bicycle parking. They are also intended to encourage garages shall be safe and conveniently
the provision of additional bicycle parking beyond located.
minimum requirements.
4.37 Bicycle and scooter parking shall be located
near active pedestrian areas that are visible
DOTI’S BICYCLE FACILITY
from the street.
REQUIREMENTS Appropriate techniques include:
The Department of Transportation and Infrastructure a. Within safe and convenient access to main
provides standards for the design of required bicycle pedestrian entries
facilities. DOTI also requires a permit for placement of b. In an Amenity Zone
bicycle parking in the public Right-of-Way. See DOTI c. In an Enhanced Commercial Setback or
Bicycle Parking Standards for specific dimensions and Open Space (in a way that complements the
spacing requirements. design and functionality of the space)
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Streetscape Paving
Bicycle & Scooter Parking Development Along the 5280 Trail

Public Art
124. Enclosed bicycle parking should include individually secured bicycle facilities and additional end-of-trip facilities.
Design Guidelines
4.38 Bicycle parking should be located adjacent to 4.41 Enclosed bicycle parking should include
Highly Active Uses to increase security and individually secured bicycle facilities.
natural surveillance.
4.42 Enclosed bicycle parking should include a
4.39 In active commercial areas, additional variety of end-of-trip facilities.
bicycle parking, beyond Denver Zoning Code Appropriate facilities include:
minimums, should be provided.
a. Bicycle repair and service equipment
Additional bicycle parking is especially important
adjacent to: b. Water fountains
a. Dedicated bicycle facilities c. Courtesy equipment (benches, mirror, towel
service)
b. High traffic pedestrian areas
c. Transit stations
4.43 Buildings containing more than 100,000 sf of
d. Multi-tenant building entrances office uses should include bicycle commuter
shower facilities.
4.40 Bicycle parking provided in addition to Appropriate facilities should include:
minimum Denver Zoning Code requirements
a. Showers and clothing storage areas for
should incorporate creative designs.
bicycle commuters
b. Two showers for every 100,000 square feet
a. Integration with streetscape furnishings, of office use
lighting, etc.
c. Equal shower access for all users
b. Incorporation of Public Art
c. Use of Bicycle Corrals d. Lockers that are clean, well-maintained,
and large enough to accommodate bags,
Note that the design of bicycle parking located helmets, and clothing
in the public Right-of Way will be subject to e. Easy accessibility to bicycle parking
approval by DOTI.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Development Along the

Streetscape Paving
5280 Trail Development Along the 5280 Trail

Public Art
The 5280 Trail will link neighborhoods and connect Intent Statements
people along a 5-mile urban trail that weaves through
communities rich with culture, key landmarks, and vibrant 4.N To ensure new development supports the
activity. The 5280 Trail is envisioned along 21st Street in 5280 Trail
Arapahoe Square, Chopper Circle and 11th Street in CPV-
4.O To encourage distinct design characteristics
Auraria, and 12th Avenue, Acoma Street, and 9th Avenue
that are indicative of the individual
in the Golden Triangle. The design and layout of the 5280
neighborhoods along the 5280 Trail
Trail will adapt to the varying conditions found within
each neighborhood. The 5280 Trail will become a focus
of mobility that will better connect several downtown Design Guidelines
neighborhoods to each other, and importantly serve as a
‘hub and spoke’ system that expands outward to connect 4.44 Projects should coordinate with City
neighborhoods throughout the city. departments early in the process to integrate
the 5280 Trail into the design
Due to 5280’s unique relationship with the three districts,
the following guidelines are to be considered for
development and site improvements along these streets. 4.45 Streetscape and landscape design should
contribute to and reinforce the presence of the
5280 Trail.
4.46 Areas along the 5280 Trail should incorporate

Enhanced Commercial Setbacks for retail,
Why the 5280 Trail? dining, and other highly active uses.
As a dedicated urban trail and linear park, the 5280
Trail is intended to unite urban life with Colorado’s 4.47 Highly Active Uses at the Street Level should
outdoor culture. It will encourage residents, be located along building frontages facing the
5280 Trail.
employees and visitors to use active modes of
transportation while engaging in Downtown’s cultural
and civic facilities. More than a trail, it will add green 4.48 Open Space and Amenity Zones along the
space to Downtown and provide a safe and beautiful 5280 Trail should be highly activated with
place to actively recreate and engage with Downtown pedestrian amenities and landscaping.
neighborhoods, cultural amenities and more.
4.49 Projects along the 5280 Trail should provide
The 5280 Trail also presents economic opportunities additional pedestrian and bicycle-related
as well. According to a San Francisco State University amenities.
study, 66 percent of shops on San Francisco’s Appropriate techniques include:
Valencia Street reported business improved after the
a. Additional bicycle parking
city reduced the width for cars, and widened sidewalk
and added bike infrastructure. A 2008 Australian b. Pedestrian lighting
study showed that per square foot, bike parking c. Bicycle repair stations
produced more than three times the revenue for d. Public seating
businesses than car parking in an hour. e. Enhanced tree canopy coverage
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Development Along the

Streetscape Paving
5280 Trail Development Along the 5280 Trail

Public Art
4.50 Vehicle curb cuts along the 5280 Trail should

be minimized. How the 5280 Trail affects Downtown
Design Standards and Guidelines?
4.51 A cohesive design aesthetic should be
developed that is unique to each neighborhood
and reflect the goals of the 5280 Trail.
4.52 Projects adjacent to the 5280 Trail should

incorporate distinctive wayfinding features,
Public Art, and other sculptural design
elements.
4.53 Development adjacent to the 5280 Trail should

incorporate the 5280 Design Guidelines
in coordination with DOTI and other City
departments.
Chopper Circle (CPV-Auraria)
The 5280 Trail runs along the south side of Chopper

Circle from 11th Street across Speer Blvd. The 5280
then connects around the Downtown Children’s
Playground to the west end of Wynkoop Street.
21st Street (Arapahoe Square)
21st Street acts as an enhanced connection between

the entertainment blocks around Coors Field to
Benedict Fountain Park.
12th Avenue (Golden Triangle)
The 5280 Trail follows 12th Avenue to connect the

civic core on Sherman Street to the arts and cultural
campus at Acoma Street.
Acoma Street (Golden Triangle)
The 5280 Trail rolls down tree-lined Acoma Street

to 9th Avenue before crossing over Speer Blvd via
Bannock Street and continuing through Sunken
Gardens Park.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Streetscape Paving
Public Art Development Along the 5280 Trail

Public Art
Public Art captures and reinforces the unique character

of a place. Additionally, the setting for Public Art should DENVER ZONING CODE
be considered part of the experience of the art itself. The
impact of the place on the art may be as great as the The Downtown Golden Triangle district (D-GT)
art’s impact on the place. The two together enrich the encourages Public Art as an alternative to Street Level
Public Realm, encourage pedestrians to linger and return, nonresidential Active Uses and Private Open Space
and create memorable experiences. Locations with the required for large projects.
most impact and opportunities for Public Art can often
be identified and secured when considered early in the In order to obtain approval of the proposed artwork,
project planning stages. the developer must submit a proposal as part of
the Design Review process prior to purchasing or
Public Art includes, but is not limited to, the following: commissioning the artwork for consideration. The
developer is strongly encouraged to meet with City
• Sculpture, painting, graphic arts, mosaics,
photography, crafts, mixed media, earth works staff and neighborhood stakeholders as early as
and environmental installations, and decorative possible to discuss potential concepts. Final approval
or ornamental elements which are designed by of the artwork is contingent on review and approval by
practicing artists Denver Arts & Venues.
The following elements will generally not be considered

acceptable forms of Public Art: Qualifications
• Directional elements such as environmental Public Art must cost at least 1 percent of the
graphics and signage valuation of construction of the new structure or
• Objects which are mass produced in a standard structure renovation, or $500,000, whichever is less.
design such as playground equipment, benches
Public Art must be displayed outside or on the
and chairs
exterior surface of the new or renovated structure and
• Reproductions of original works of art, except be visible from at least one public street.
in such cases as film, video, photography,
printmaking and other media arts
• Landscape architecture and gardening, except
where the elements are designed by an artist and
are an integral part of a larger piece of artwork
• Renovation of historic facades or other historical
elements functional to the project
• Commercial elements used to promote or
advertise the project
• Other elements which are functional or directly
related to the operation of internal uses
Note that the City and County of Denver has an existing
Public Art program that is established through the Denver
Revised Municipal Code. Public Art described in this
section may or may not be a formal component of this
program, but rather represents art that is accessible and
able to be enjoyed by the public.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Streetscape Paving

Public Art
DOWNTOWN DESIGN ADVISORY BOARD PUBLIC ART GOALS

REVIEW OF PUBLIC ART • Intentional. Incorporate Public Art into
the early stages of the planning and
If the final Public Art element is not procured
design process for each new development.
during the Site Development Plan review period, the
Successful Public Art is not an afterthought
Downtown Design Advisory Board may approve the
design, with conditions that the applicant return to and must be integral to the overall growth of
the board for final review and approval. the built environment.
• Creativity. Aim for the highest interest and
The Public Art proposal must contain a written and quality by enabling artists to create original
visual description of the project art, including the and sustainable artwork, with attention to
following appropriate information: design, materials, construction, and location.
• Site plans of the vicinity where the art is to Artworks should be curated carefully and
be located build upon the surrounding collection of
• Elevations Public Art.
• Perspectives • Placemaking. Use dynamic visual elements
• Details of structural elements to create focal points, meeting places,
and social landmarks that will enhance
• Verification of costs
Downtown’s image and vibrancy.
• Maintenance requirements, maintenance
• Identity. Define and enhance the distinct
schedule and source of maintenance funds
quality of Downtown’s diverse visual and
Denver Arts & Venues will review and approve the cultural environments. Provide meaningful
proposal as a work of Public Art and the Downtown opportunities for communities to participate
Design Advisory Board will review the integration of and identify with each other through arts,
the art as part of the overall project design. culture, and history.
• Wayfinding. Foster a common language for
residents and visitors to communicate with
through visual clues and landmarks that help
them navigate and embrace a potentially
unfamiliar environment. (Note, directional
signage is generally not considered Public Art)
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Streetscape Paving

Public Art
Intent Statements
4.P To encourage the use of Public Art to
enhance the Public Realm
4.Q To ensure Public Art is publicly accessible
and integrated into the Public Realm
4.R To ensure that Public Art is well constructed
from durable materials
Design Standards
4.54 Public Art shall be located outside the building
or on the exterior surface of the building,
available and accessible to the general public.
4.55 Public Art shall be located to be properly

viewed and experienced from the Public Realm
and avoid conflicts with other streetscape
elements.
4.56 Public Art shall be constructed using durable

125. Public Art, when provided, shall be located to be properly
materials that can withstand weather and viewed and experienced from the Public Realm.
physical touch.
4.59 Public Art should be integrated into the overall

Design Guidelines vision for the project architecture, landscape
and site design by incorporating the artist into
4.57 Public Art should be considered based on the
the design team early in the process.
following process and objectives:
Appropriate Public Art opportunities may include:
a. Access at all hours and seasons and use of
the site a. A conceptual framework to organize
Enhanced Setbacks, Open Spaces and the
b. Opportunities for rotating installations and overall streetscape
diversity of scale and material
b. An independent sculpture or two-
c. Opportunities for art to be embedded in dimensional work that marks an entryway,
public spaces and infrastructure corner, feature area, or view terminus
c. A combination of visual arts with the building
4.58 Public Art should aim to incorporate playful elements, including facades, canopies,
and interactive elements for people of all ages. floors, lighting, etc.
d. Visual arts combined with the landscape
design, functional, or decorative elements
of a site, such as water features, lighting,
seating, paving, walls, fences, entrances and
exits, etc.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Streetscape Paving

Public Art
126. Visual arts combined with the landscape design, functional, 127. Public Art should be integrated into the overall vision for the
or decorative elements of a site, such as water features, lighting, project architecture, landscape and site design by incorporating
seating, paving, walls, fences, entrances and exits, etc. the artist into the design team early in the process.
128. Public Art should be constructed using durable materials 129. Public Art should aim to incorporate playful and interactive
that can withstand weather and physical touch. elements for people of all ages.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Introduction to Streetscape Design Stormwater Management &
Stormwater Management
Streetscape Furnishing & Lighting Landscape
Streetscape Paving
& Landscape Development Along the 5280 Trail

Public Art
Stormwater management is a critical component of

development everywhere. Integrating solutions within
a development retains, redirects or otherwise prevents
stormwater from entering City systems and the River.
On-site detention and management of stormwater greatly
reduces impacts on adjacent collection areas, ecosystems
and treatment facilities. Flood resiliency, stormwater
management, and Public Realm design objectives can and
should be integrated into a comprehensive system.
Intent Statements
4.S To use creative best management practices
to recycle and filter water on site
4.T To reduce the amount of supplemental
water used for on-going operations and
maintenance of landscape areas 130. Stormwater landscape areas shall be designed beyond
purely functional requirements and contribute to the visual
4.U To use design solutions that reduce quality of the Public Realm in wet and dry conditions.
infrastructure needs to accommodate
stormwater flow
LID STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

Low Impact Development (LID) is a stormwater
management approach to address rainfall in a way
which more closely mimics the natural hydrologic
system at the site prior to development. LID
stormwater management systems, such as the
stormwater planter illustrated above, allow for
infiltration, storage, filtration, evaporation and/
or detention of stormwater close to the location
where the rain fell. They promote environmental
sustainability by increasing water quality and
131. Amenity Zones should be designed to address stormwater
reducing off-site impacts. management and meet the intent of DOTI Ultra-Urban Green
Infrastructure Guidelines.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Introduction to Streetscape Design Stormwater Management &
Stormwater Management
Streetscape Furnishing & Lighting Landscape
Streetscape Paving
& Landscape Development Along the 5280 Trail

Public Art
Design Standards
4.60 Stormwater landscape areas in the
streetscape shall be designed beyond purely
functional requirements and contribute to the
visual quality of the Public Realm in wet and
dry conditions.
Design Guidelines
4.61 Stormwater solutions should be
accommodated within the property.
See “Setback & Open Space Design” on page
86.
4.62 Amenity Zones should be designed to address

132. Amenity Zones should incorporate design solutions
stormwater management and meet the intent that maintain a pervious surface, in particular where fully
of DOTI Ultra-Urban Green Infrastructure landscaped areas are not feasible or appropriate.
Guidelines.
4.63 Amenity Zones should incorporate design

solutions that maintain a pervious surface, in
particular where fully landscaped areas are
not feasible or appropriate.
4.64 Stormwater runoff should be directed towards

landscape areas where possible.
Note that de-icer agents and other potential
contaminants in stormwater runoff must be
considered.
4.65 Grey water should be used for landscape

irrigation where feasible.
4.66 Native or adapted plants with low water

requirements should be used.
4.67 Landscape areas required by the Denver Green

Building ordinance should be coordinated with 133. Landscape areas required by the Denver Green
stormwater management to create systems Building Ordinance should be coordinated with stormwater
management to create systems that serve multiple uses.
that serve multiple uses.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Chapter 5 | Neighborhood
Specific Design
The section addresses neighborhood and context specific design
standards and guidelines that are applicable to a single neighborhood
only, such as Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria, or Golden Triangle.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES Chapter 5 | Neighborhood Specific Design 121
APRIL 2021
Arapahoe Square Introduction Upper Story Setback Alternative for
Arapahoe Square
21st Street 21st Street & Park Avenue West
Park Avenue West
20th Street & Broadway
Introduction Arapahoe & Curtis Streets

Welton Street
Arapahoe Square provides one of the top opportunities for Applicability

growth and change in Central Denver and will be a critical
connection point between surrounding neighborhoods The Arapahoe Square Design Standards and Guidelines
and the Central Business District. While some parts apply to the area illustrated in Figure 134. This design
of Arapahoe Square lack an established context, some review area is bounded by:
areas do maintain the original pattern of commercial and • 20th Street
mixed-use buildings that originally characterized the
district. These areas provide inspiration for the future • Park Avenue West
development of Arapahoe Square into a cutting edge, • The alley between Lawrence and Larimer
densely populated, mixed-use area that provides a range • The alley between Welton and Glenarm
of housing types and a center for innovative businesses.
Note that the design review area shall include all
properties within the D-AS-12+ and D-AS-20+ zone
districts as shown on the official zoning map, regardless
Existing Context of whether such properties are within the boundary
Arapahoe Square lies directly northeast of the Central illustrated at left. The D-AS zone district is not part of the
Business District, as illustrated in Figure 134. design review area.
The district is characterized by its wide variety of building All new construction, additions, exterior improvements,
designs and scales. Its position between the Central signs, and new or expanded outdoor use areas proposed
Business District and neighborhoods to the north provides in these zone districts shall follow the design standards
an opportunity for redevelopment of Arapahoe Square into and guidelines established in this document, but
a vibrant mixed-use area that services downtown workers additional specific standards and guidelines that are only
and local residents. applicable to Arapahoe Square are covered in this section.
22
nd
GRAND BOULEVARDS
St
re
et T
The 2007 Downtown Area Plan and 2011 Northeast
PU
D Downtown Neighborhoods Plan identify Broadway and
Pa
r
Park Avenue West as “Grand Boulevards” that will

kA
ve
T
N Broadway
transform into “celebrated, multi-modal boulevards.”

19
th
St
21
re
st
et
St
GATEWAY CORNERS
St
re
er
et
rim
20
La
th
eS
St
nc
re
The following Gateway Corners provide opportunities
e
et
wr
St
La
oe
ah
for architecturally significant moments that invite

ap
t
sS
Ar
r ti
pedestrians onto the street:

Cu
St
pa
am
• 21st Street & Arapahoe Street

t
Ch
tS
ou
T
St
T
St
20th Ave
• 21st Street & Broadway
ia
rn
lifo
Lincoln St
Sherman St
Grant St
Logan St
Logan St
Ca
St
T
on
elt
Arapahoe Square Design Review Area

W
19th Ave
T
Grand Boulevard
T 18th Ave Gateway Corners
T Existing Light Rail and Stations
Planned 5280 Trail
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
122 Chapter 5 | Neighborhood Specific Design DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
APRIL 2021
Pa
rk
Av
22
W e
nd
St
re T
et
21
st
D
PU
St
re
et
20
th
T
St
re
et
2+
19
th
1
S-
St
re
A
D-
et
St
er
rim
0+
La
St
2
S-
ce
en
A
D-
wr
t
S
La
oe
ah
ap
t
sS
Ar
r ti
Cu
St
pa
am
t
Ch
tS
ou
T
St
T
St
20th Ave
ia
rn
lifo
N Broadway
Lincoln St
Sherman St
Grant St
Logan St
Logan St
Ca
St
T
on
elt
W
19th Ave
T
18th Ave
T
134. All new construction, additions, exterior improvements, signs, and new or expanded outdoor use areas proposed in the
D-AS-12+ and D-AS-20+ zone districts located within the design review area, shall follow these additional design standards and
guidelines.
The following sections provides context-specific site, ARAPAHOE SQUARE DESIGN REVIEW AREA
building and streetscape design standards and guidelines
T Existing Light Rail and Stations
that apply to projects with frontage on one or more of the
following Key Streets in Arapahoe Square: Planned 5280 Trail
• 20th Street • Curtis Street
• 21st Street • Park Avenue West
• Arapahoe Street • Welton Street
• Broadway
Note that all other applicable design standards and

guidelines in this document also apply to projects with
frontage on one or more Key Streets.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Arapahoe Square 21st Street

Park Avenue West
21st Street & Park Avenue West
21st Street Arapahoe & Curtis Streets

Welton Street
21st Street serves as the primary east-west pedestrian and Design Standards
bicycle connection through Arapahoe Square from Coors
Field to the Clements Historic District. The 2011 Northeast 5.01 Streetscape designs on 21st Street shall
Downtown Neighborhoods Plan recommends making 21st promote implementation of the 21st Street
Street into a focal point and community gathering space Urban Design Plan.
for Northeast Downtown neighborhoods. A subsequent
urban design plan builds on this concept to envision 21st
as a highly active, park-like street. The character of 21st 5.02 Distinctive design elements shall be used to
Street will vary as it crosses Arapahoe Square. identify Gateway Corners along 21st Street.
(The alley between Larimer and Lawrence) to Broadway, a. Locating iconic building elements at the
21st Street will transition from a highly active commercial corner (note that the Upper Story Setback
street that combines bicycle and pedestrian activity near alternative described on page 54 allows for
Coors Field and Ballpark Historic District through the flexible building massing)
active Gateway Corner at Arapahoe to the Gateway Corner b. Locating a Point Tower at the corner
at Broadway. 21st Street will also provide a park-like c. Identifying corner building elements with a
transition to the lower-scale residential neighborhood. change in materials or wall plane
d. Locating Highly Active Uses with significant
transparency at the Street Level
Intent Statements
5.A To encourage development of 21st Street 5.03 Buildings shall be oriented to front 21st Street
as a signature street that emphasizes with well-defined pedestrian entry features.
pedestrian and bicycle activity
5.04 Vehicle access points to parking, service, or
5.B To provide flexibility for creative Upper Story drop off areas shall not be provided from 21st
Setback designs that integrate with building Street. See “Block Configuration & Vehicle” in
design along 21st Street Chapter 1.
5.C To frame views of unique terminating vistas
at Benedict Fountain Park and Coors Field at
either end of 21st Street
SPECIFIC DENVER ZONING CODE
5.D To promote development of a vibrant mixed-
use street with highly activated Open Spaces
REQUIREMENTS FOR 21ST STREET
along 21st Street from the alley between The Denver Zoning Code (DZC) requires a context-
Larimer and Lawrence toward Broadway specific 100% Upper Story Setback requirement for
21st Street that is intended to reinforce Human Scale
5.E To provide a defined gateway through strong design and maximize sky exposure. As described in
urban forms at 21st and Broadway “Upper Story Setback Alternative for 21st Street &
Park Avenue West” on page 54, the DZC also allows
5.F To promote a more park-like and alternative Upper Story Setback designs along 21st
neighborhood-scaled environment as 21st Street to enable creative designs and allow building
Street transitions from Broadway to the massing that highlights Gateway Corners.”
Clements Historic District
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Arapahoe Squares 21st Street

Park Avenue West
21st Street Arapahoe & Curtis Streets

Welton Street
5.05 The Street Level adjacent to 21st Street from Design Guidelines
the Ballpark Historic District to Broadway shall
be occupied primarily by Highly Active Uses. 5.09 Enhanced Setback and Open Space areas
along 21st Street should incorporate
5.06 Lower Story Facades along 21st Street innovative, environmentally friendly
between the Ballpark Historic District and stormwater management techniques whenever
Broadway shall incorporate a minimum of 60% possible.
Masonry materials that reflect the adjacent
Historic District. 5.10 Site designs along 21st Street between the
Ballpark Historic District and Broadway
5.07 Residential frontages along 21st Street from should incorporate highly-activated Enhanced
Broadway to the Clements Historic District Setback and Open Space areas.
shall provide a transition between adjacent
sidewalks and private residences. 5.11 Site designs along 21st Street between
Appropriate techniques include: Broadway and the Clements Historic District
a. A landscaped Enhanced Residential Setback should incorporate landscaped Open Space
b. Open Spaces such as courtyards and Enhanced Setback areas, when possible.
c. Stoops or small private yard areas
5.12 Upper Story designs on 21st Street should
incorporate curves, angles or other innovative
5.08 Alternative Upper Story Setback designs
setback configurations.
allowed by the Denver Zoning Code along 21st
Street shall provide a total setback surface
area equal to, or greater than, the approximate 5.13 Upper Story Setbacks on 21st Street should
area of a 10 foot Upper Story Setback for the be located and designed to preserve sky
full width of the street-facing building facade. exposure and views from Enhanced Setback
a. Alternative setback designs may vary in and Private Open Space.
depth from zero to 30 feet.
b. Areas that are set back more than 30 feet do
not apply towards the total setback surface
area.
c. Use of the upper-story setback alternative
shall not result in continuous facade lengths
of over 80 feet within 10 feet of the primary
street property line.
See “Upper Story Setback Alternative for 21st
Street & Park Avenue West” for more information
on the standard.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Park Avenue West
Park Avenue West Arapahoe & Curtis Streets

Welton Street
Park Avenue West as a Key Street forms the northeastern Design Standards
border of Arapahoe Square. It provides a direct connection
to Interstate 25 and serves as an important mass and 5.14 Building designs on Park Avenue West
scale transition to the adjacent Curtis Park neighborhood. shall incorporate features that promote a
The 2007 Downtown Area Plan and The 2011 Northeast compatible transition to the Curtis Park
Downtown Neighborhoods Plan identify Park Avenue West Historic District.
as a “Grand Boulevard” (see above).
a. Use of masonry materials such as brick,
stone, or terra cota
Intent Statements b. Use of massing and articulation techniques
5.G To provide a building scale transition along that reflect typical rhythms in the adjacent
Park Avenue West between Arapahoe Square Historic District
and lower-scale neighborhoods to the c. Upper Story Setback designs that provide
northeast compatible scale relationships with the
adjacent Historic District
5.H To provide flexibility for creative Upper Story
Setback designs that provide a building 5.15 Alternative Upper Story Setback designs
scale transition to neighborhoods to the allowed by the Denver Zoning Code along Park
northeast Avenue West shall provide a total setback
surface area equal to or greater than the
approximate area of a 10 foot Upper Story
SPECIFIC DENVER ZONING CODE Setback for the full width of the street-facing
REQUIREMENTS FOR PARK AVENUE building facade.
a. Alternative setback designs may vary in
The Denver Zoning Code (DZC) requires a context-
depth from zero to 30 feet
specific 100% Upper Story Setback requirement for
Park Avenue West that is intended to promote the b. Areas that are set back more than 30 feet do
intent for Park Avenue West to provide a building not apply towards the total setback surface
scale transition to lower-scale neighborhoods to the area
northeast. As described in “Upper Story Setback c. Alternatives shall not result in continuous
Alternative for 21st Street & Park Avenue West” facade lengths of over 80 feet within 10 feet
on page 54, the DZC also allows alternative Upper of the primary street property line
Story Setback designs along Park Avenue West to
enable creative designs that provide a building scale See “Upper Story Setback Alternative for 21st
transition to neighborhood to the northeast. Street & Park Avenue West”
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Park Avenue West
20th Street & Broadway Arapahoe & Curtis Streets

Welton Street
20th Street will further develop as a an urban, pedestrian-

oriented street that provides an active transition between Design Standards
Arapahoe Square and the Central Business District.
5.16 Distinctive design elements shall be used to
Broadway Blvd cuts diagonally through Arapahoe identify the Gateway Corner at Broadway and
Square, creating complex intersections with unique lot 21st Street.
configurations. The Downtown Area Plan and Northeast Appropriate techniques include:
Downtown Neighborhoods Plan identify Broadway north
a. Locating iconic building elements at the
of 20th as a “Grand Boulevard” with a high-quality green corner (note that the Upper Story Setback
streetscape and Public Realm. alternative described on page 54 allows for
flexible building massing on the 21st Street
frontage)
Intent Statements b. Locating a Point Tower at the corner
c. Identifying corner building elements with a
5.I To promote development of a highly active, change in materials or wall plane
pedestrian-oriented Street Level along 20th
d. Locating Highly Active Uses with significant
Street and Broadway.
transparency at the Street Level
5.J To promote development of an urban street See “Gateway Corners” on page 49 for more
character with strong building massing information.
along 20th Street and Broadway
Design Guidelines
5.17 Upper Story Setbacks should generally be
limited on 20th Street and Broadway to create
a strong street wall.
SPECIFIC DZC REQUIREMENTS FOR

20TH STREET & BROADWAY
The Denver Zoning Code (DZC) does not require an
Upper Story Setback on 20th Street or Broadway in
Arapahoe Square to enable development with a highly
urban character with strong building massing.
135. Distinctive design elements shall be used to identify the

Gateway Corner at Broadway and 21st Street.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Arapahoe Square Arapahoe Square Introduction
21st Street
Upper Story Setback Alternative for
Arapahoe Street & Curtis Park Avenue West

Street Arapahoe & Curtis Streets

Welton Street
Arapahoe Street provides a connection for pedestrians and Design Guidelines

bicyclists (using the protected bike lane) from the Central
Business District through Arapahoe Square to Curtis Park. 5.18 The street frontage along Arapahoe Street and
Skyline Park is a key pedestrian amenity along Arapahoe Curtis Street should incorporate features that
Street to the southwest of Arapahoe Square. promote pedestrian and bicycle use.
Curtis Street provides a pedestrian connection through
Arapahoe Square, connecting the Denver Center for the a. Enhanced Setbacks and Open Space areas
Performing Arts in the southwest to Mestizo-Curtis Park (see “Enhanced Setbacks & Open Space” on
in the northeast. Northeast Downtown Neighborhoods page 14 for more information)
Plan recommends evaluation of conversion to two-way b. Street furniture to provide places of respite
operations and opportunities to widen sidewalks. The c. Unique paving materials or pedestrian
Plan also identifies the corner of 21st and Curtis as a key lighting built into the paving system (note
gateway. that paving materials must maintain handicap
accessibility)
d. Pedestrian-scale lighting
Intent Statements See Guideline 4.12 on page 63 for more
information.
5.K To promote development of Arapahoe Street
as a pedestrian gateway into Arapahoe
Square, connecting Skyline Park through to 5.19 Streetscape designs on Arapahoe Street
Curtis Park and Curtis Street should promote pedestrian
activity.
5.L To provide a pedestrian and visual Appropriate techniques include:
connection along Curtis Street between
a. Wide, unobstructed sidewalks
Mestizo-Curtis Park to the northeast and
the Denver Performing Arts Center to the b. Mid block bulb outs (with cut through for
southwest bicycle facilities, where applicable)
c. Parklets
5.M To promote innovative, environmentally
friendly stormwater management techniques
on Arapahoe Street and Curtis Street 5.20 Whenever possible, Enhanced Setback and
Open Space areas along Arapahoe and
Curtis Streets should incorporate innovative,
environmentally friendly stormwater
management techniques.
SPECIFIC ZONING REQUIREMENTS FOR

5.21 Upper Story Setbacks along Arapahoe Street
ARAPAHOE & CURTIS STREETS and Curtis Street should be positioned to
The Denver Zoning Code (DZC) provides a context- maximize the visual connection between the
specific build-to range on Arapahoe Street and Curtis central business district and neighborhoods to
Street that enables Enhanced Setback areas to extend the northeast.
the full length of the lot frontage. This expanded
setback area promotes the intent for Arapahoe and
Curtis Streets to function as a primary pedestrian and
visual connection through Arapahoe Square.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Park Avenue West
Welton Street Arapahoe & Curtis Streets

Welton Street
Welton Street is an important transit corridor provides Intent Statements

a transition to the Clements Historic District to the
southeast and Five Points Historic Cultural District to 5.N To provide a comfortable pedestrian
the northeast. The sidewalk area along the southeast experience along Welton Street
side of the street is uniquely configured adjacent to an
active light rail line and could be improved to better 5.O To mitigate impacts of the light rail line on
accommodate pedestrians. the southeast side of Welton Street
SPECIFIC DENVER ZONING CODE Design Guidelines

REQUIREMENTS FOR WELTON
5.22 The street frontage along the southeast side
The Denver Zoning Code (DZC) provides a context- of Welton Street should provide a comfortable
specific build-to range on the southeast side of transition between the building and the light
Welton Street that enables Enhanced Setback areas rail line by providing additional space for
to extend the full length of the lot frontage. This pedestrians.
expanded pedestrian area promotes the intent for
Welton Street to provide a comfortable pedestrian Appropriate techniques include:
environment adjacent to the light rail line. a. Enhanced Setbacks, particularly to provide
expanded sidewalk areas for safe pedestrian
movement (see “B. Enhanced Setbacks” on
page 13 for more information)
REGIONAL TRANSIT DISTRICT (RTD)
PURVIEW ON WELTON STREET b. Open Space areas, such as plazas and
courtyards (see “C. Open Space” on page 13
The Regional Transit District (RTD) must approve for more information)
streetscape and other improvements that impact the c. Recessed entries
Public Right-of-Way along the southeast (light rail) d. Residential stoops or yard areas
side of Welton Street to ensure that designs do not
e. An arcade area that is at least 5 feet deep
interfere with transit operations.
5.23 Streetscape designs on the southeast (light

rail) side of Welton Street should help buffer
the sidewalk from the adjacent light rail line.
a. Columnar street trees
b. Street lighting and other features with a
strong vertical dimension
c. Raised planters or herbaceous perennials
See Chapter 4.0 on page 59 for design standards
and guidelines that apply to streetscape design
throughout Arapahoe Square.
136. View of Arapahoe Square
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Upper Story Setback Arapahoe Square Introduction
21st Street
Upper Story Setback Alternative
for 21st Street &
Alternative for 21st Street Park Avenue West
Park Avenue West
& Park Avenue West Arapahoe & Curtis Streets

Welton Street
The When using the Denver Zoning Code Tower Floor

Plate Separation Alternative available to the Standard
Tower or Point Tower Building Form in the D-CPV-R or
D-CPV-C zone district, the Tower shall meet or exceed
design standards and guidelines for tower massing and
design requires a 10 foot Upper Story Setback for 100%
of lot frontage on 21st Street and Park Avenue West. The Calculate the
setback area
DZC also specifically enables an “Upper Story Setback
alternative” that allows redistribution of the setback area
to provide flexibility for creative Upper Story Setback
designs. Alternative Upper Story Setback designs must
provide a total setback area equal to, or greater than, the
ST
area of a 10 foot Upper Story Setback for 100% of the lot RE
ET
frontage at or below 5 stories and 70 feet, as illustrated EET
STR
below. Standard 5.08 on page 125 will be used to
review alternative Upper Story Setback designs on 21st
Street. Standard 5.15 on page 126 will be used to review
138. Redistributing the Upper Story Setback Area. To determine
alternative story setback designs on Park Avenue West. the Upper Story Setback area that must be provided in an
alternative design, first calculate the area that would be
provided in a 10 foot setback for 100% of the lot frontage. For
example, a 10 foot Upper Story Setback for 100% of a 125
foot wide lot along 21st Street would be 1,250 square feet in
area (multiply the 10 foot setback by the 125 foot lot width), as
illustrated above in blue.
Redistribute the
setback area
ST
RE
ET
EET
STR
139. Redistributing the Upper Story Setback Area. To

determine the Upper Story Setback area that must be provided
in an alternative design, first calculate the area that would be
provided in a 10 foot setback for 100% of the lot frontage. For
example, a 10 foot Upper Story Setback for 100% of a 125
foot wide lot along 21st Street would be 1,250 square feet in
area (multiply the 10 foot setback by the 125 foot lot width), as
137. Example of redistributing the Upper Story Setback Area. illustrated above in blue.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Upper Story Setback Arapahoe Square Introduction
21st Street
Upper Story Setback Alternative
for 21st Street &
Alternative for 21st Street & Park Avenue West

Park Avenue West
Park Avenue West Arapahoe & Curtis Streets

Welton Street
ST
RE
ET
EET
STR
140. Creative Designs Allowed Through the Upper Story

Setback Alternative. In the example illustrated above, the
alternative is used to allow a curved setback design on Park
Avenue West.
144. Example of redistributing the Upper Story Setback Area.
ST
RE
ET
EET
STR

Setback Alternative. In the example illustrated above, the
alternative is used to allow an angled setback design on Park
Avenue West.
ST
RE
ET
EET
STR

Setback Alternative. In the example illustrated above, the 143. Example of redistributing the Upper Story Setback Area.
alternative is used to consolidate required setback area into a
Street Level plaza at a Gateway Corner on 21st Street.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
CPV-Auraria Introduction
Central Platte Valley - Auraria Site Planning

Riverfront Development
Introduction Tower Floor Plate Separation Alternative
The Central Platte Valley – Auraria (CPV-Auraria) district densely populated, mixed-use neighborhood that provides
represents a unique and significant opportunity for growth a range of housing types, becomes a center for innovative
and change in Downtown Denver. This document aims businesses, and embraces the River.
to ensure the level of design quality and neighborhood
activity generated by new development is consistent with The River and adjacent Parks are envisioned to become
the exceptional potential represented by this area. an enhanced greenway with trail networks, widened
riparian areas, and a mixture of passive and active uses.
As the area evolves into a vibrant urban environment with
retail and housing along the riverfront, its vitality will be
Existing Context enriched by connecting and extending the green network
Central Platte Valley - Auraria (CPV-Auraria) is located across the neighborhood. The area represents a major
west of Lower Downtown, north of Auraria Campus, and opportunity for Denver to create a diverse urban riverfront
east of Jefferson Park. The Consolidated Main Line (CML) that accommodates a variety of compatible land uses,
railroad and South Platte River (River) bisect the area. The while also enhancing the rich ecology of the river.
Regional Transportation District (RTD) E, C, and W light
rail lines run parallel to the CML and include two stations The South Platte River serves as the singular element to
within CPV-Auraria: Broncos Stadium at Mile High and be celebrated throughout and establish CPV-Auraria as a
Pepsi Center/Elitch Gardens distinctive district within Downtown.
CPV-Auraria has largely remained underutilized and

separated from Denver’s Downtown urban fabric. In the
past, it was predominantly used for freight rail and its
KEY STREETS
services, partly due to its convenient location along the
River. While the River still supports a diverse ecology, The Downtown Area Plan Amendment established the
the area’s industrial past and railroad-related uses have following as Key Streets in the future street grid for
greatly affected the quality of the River and adjacent CPV-Auraria.
riparian areas over time.
• 7th Street
More recently, the area has been occupied by large • 9th Street
entertainment and cultural venues served by acres of • Elitch Circle
surface parking. This land use pattern has resulted in • Little Raven Street
an unusually large and significantly underutilized land • Chopper Circle
area within Downtown. The area’s position within the • Water Street
Downtown context provides an opportunity for a high level Many of these streets are also reflected in the Denver
of allowed building intensity and mix of uses to promote a
Zoning Code, where they are required to provide a
vibrant neighborhood that serves as a place to work, live,
minimum amount of non-residential Active Uses at
and play.
the Street Level.
Key Streets serve as important pedestrian and bicycle

Future of CPV-Auraria connections through CPV-Auraria, are anticipated
In 2017, property owners, community stakeholders, and to have high ground-floor commercial activity, and
the City of Denver initiated a process o develop a vision will be expected to have enhanced standards for
for future development in CPV-Auraria. Through this exceptional design and quality. Some standards
public process, the Downtown Area Plan Amendment and guidelines that follow will reference the desired
(2018) was adopted. The Downtown Area Plan character along Key Streets.
Amendment created a vision for CPV-Auraria to become a
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
Zuni St.
St.
tte
Pla
Spee I-25
r Blv
d. Commons
Park
LOWER
26th Ave DOWNTOWN
Confluence t
Park
ttaS
p
ave
wa
o
Lo
St We
le R
er
80
Wat
Litt
52
15
JEFFERSON
th
S t
PARK I-25 t
yS St
Centennial
Fishback Gardens
n p
lga
Park
Sp De n koo
Wy
Cir
ee St
23rd Ave zee
h
rB
Elitc
Wa
I-25
12 lvd St
Jefferson
th ke
Park
St Bla tS
t
9th
ree e
t ark
St
M
Bryant St.
21st Ave 7th

St
T
Mile High Stadium Cir ir
pe rC
Crescent
hop
11
Park C
y
th S
a
kw
tree
I-25 r
t
Pa
9th
Str
ria
eet
a
A ur
AURARIA
T CAMPUS
7th
Str
eet
At Grade Crossing
5th
on Walnut Street
Str
T
eet
N
Colfax Ave
T
5280
One potential future connectivity network as envisioned by the Downtown Area Plan Amendment Loop Roads, bridges, and other
(2018).
connections shown in the diagram are conceptual and subject to change based on future master planning and engineering studies.
145. All new construction, additions, exterior improvements, signs, and new or expanded outdoor use areas proposed in the D-CPV-T,
D-CPV-R, and D-CPV-C zone districts located within the design review area, shall follow these additional design standards and
guidelines.
CPV-AURARIA DESIGN REVIEW AREA

Applicability Existing Light Rail and Stations
T
The CPV-Auraria section of this Chapter shall apply only Existing CML
to properties with Denver Zoning Code D-CPV-T, D-CPV-R,
or D-CPV-C zone districts that are located within the Platte Valley Trolley
design review area, which is bounded by Speer Boulevard, Potential Street Extensions
Interstate 25, and Auraria Parkway. All new construction, Planned 5280 Trail
additions, exterior improvements, signs, and new or Existing Ped & Bike Bridge
expanded outdoor use areas proposed in these zone Potential All Mode Bridge
districts shall follow the design standards and guidelines
Potential Ped & Bike Bridge or All Mode Bridge
established in this document, but additional specific
standards and guidelines that are only applicable to CPV- Potential Ped & Bike Bridge
Auraria are covered in this section.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
CPV-Auraria Site Planning
Site Planning Tower Floor Plate Separation Alternative
Greater than 350 Feet

ensure that block configuration and vehicle access
promotes the guiding principles for site organization by
breaking down large blocks into a Human Scale network
of pedestrian connections that are protected from vehicle
impacts. When larger blocks are broken up with Off-Street
Pedestrian Connections, block interiors can be activated
with shops, restaurants and Street Level dwelling units to
create additional neighborhood focal points.
a. Clear passageway
Greater than 350 Feet
Intent Statements
5.P To promote a pedestrian-oriented
neighborhood with walkable block sizes and
a network of pedestrian connections
5.Q To reinforce Denver’s traditional block grid

with streets and alleys
b. Clear passageway with Open Space or Interior
Vehicular Court
Design Standards Greater than 350 feet
5.24 Blocks shall be configured to break down long

frontages, provide pedestrian connections
across the neighborhood, and minimize the
number of Vehicle Access Points.
a. Limit block sizes to keep individual block
frontages to less than approximately 350 feet
c. Clear passageway at street level with buildings
b. Configure blocks longer than approximately connecting above 2nd floor
350 feet to provide an Off-Street Pedestrian
Connection between adjoining streets (see Greater than 350 feet
20’
Standard 5.25) MIN
c. Configure all blocks to consolidate Vehicle

MIN
20’
Access Points (see Standard 5.26)
d. Clear passageway at street level with buildings

connecting above 2nd floor
146. In areas where street patterns and block sizes have

not been established, new block frontages exceeding
approximately 350 feet shall incorporate at least one Off-Street
Pedestrian Connection to an adjoining street frontage.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
CPV-Auraria Site Planning
Site Planning Tower Floor Plate Separation Alternative
Middle 3rd Middle 3rd

of Frontage STREET of Frontage
Pedestrian and
Bicyclist Circulation
STREET
STREET
Uncovered Off-Street
Pedestrian Connection,
Alley, or Private Access
STREET
Drive improved for
pedestrian use.
Covered Off-Street
Pedestrian Connection,
STREET
Alley, or Private Access

Drive passing beneath
a building.
STREET
147. Diagram showing potential block configurations on frontages longer than approximately 350 feet that incorporate an Off-Street
Pedestrian Connection, Alley, or Private Access Drive.
5.25 Block frontages exceeding approximately 350 5.26 Blocks shall be configured to consolidate
feet shall incorporate at least one Off-Street vehicle access onto Alleys or Private Access
Pedestrian Connection to an adjoining street Drives.
frontage. Use Alleys or Private Access Drives to provide
a. Locate the entrance in the middle third of the consolidated access to:
block to break down the frontage length a. Parking areas or structures
b. Locate the entrance to generally align b. A combined Interior Vehicle Court
with the entrances of neighboring Off-
Street Pedestrian Connections to provide c. Passenger loading areas
connections across the neighborhood d. Service and utility areas
c. Design the connection to be at least 15 feet
wide and open to the sky (uncovered) for at
least 15 feet in depth from the Lower Story Design Guidelines
Facade
d. Design the connection to encourage 5.27 A block frontage that exceeds approximately
pedestrian use per Standard 1.07 350 feet should provide an Open Space with
e. Ensure continuous and perpetual public significant Building Massing break where it
access is not feasible to incorporate an Off-Street
f. Consider improving an Alley or Private Pedestrian Connection.
Access Drive to also serve as an Off-Street
Pedestrian Connection (see Standard 1.07)
g. Through connections should be avoided on
blocks adjacent to the Consolidated Main
Line, Interstate 25, or other locations where a
full connection is not practical
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021
CPV-Auraria CPV-Auraria Introduction
Tower Floor Plate Site Planning
Separation Alternative Tower Floor Plate Separation Alternative
DENVER ZONING CODE

Intent Statements
TOWER BUILDING FORMS & 5.R To promote varied Tower spacing
TOWER SEPARATION ALTERNATIVE
The Denver Zoning Code establishes Standard Tower Design Standards
and Point Tower Building Forms that allow potentially
unlimited height for Tower building components 5.28 When using the Denver Zoning Code Tower
above specified heights that meet maximum Floor Plate Separation Alternative available to
Tower Floor Plate and minimum Tower Floor Plate the Point Tower Building Form in the D-CPV-R
Separation requirements. zone district, the Tower shall be located near a
Park that is adjacent to the River.
The Denver Zoning Code also specifically enables a. A Tower will be considered to be ‘near’ a
a Tower Floor Plate Separation Alternative that Park if it is located within a linear distance
allows for a reduced minimum separation to provide of the Park that is no more than 1.5 times the
flexibility in special circumstances where creative average width or depth of the Park.
Tower designs are found to meet the design standards b. Example using Park width: Where a Park has
and guidelines for Tower Floor Plate Separation an average width of 300 feet, a Tower located
included in this section. within 450 feet of the edge of the Park, as
measured parallel to the River, would be
Tower Floor Plate Separation Alternative designs eligible for use of the Tower Floor Plate
must be consistent with and exceed overall design Separation Alternative.
goals and objectives while demonstrating exceptional c. Example using Park depth: Where a Park has
creativity and incorporating high-quality iconic design. an average depth of 200 feet, a Tower located
Standard 5.28 - Standard 5.31 will be used to review within 300 feet of the edge of the Park, as
Tower Floor Plate Separation Alternative designs in the measured perpendicular to the River, would
D-CPV-R and D-CPV-C zone districts. be eligible for use of the Tower Floor Plate
Separation Alternative.

Floor Plate Separation Alternative available to
the Point Tower Building Form in the D-CPV-R
zone district, a Tower Floor Plate shall be
separated from any other Tower Floor Plate by
a minimum distance related to the size of the
nearby Park.
a. The minimum Tower Floor Plate Separation
may be reduced to 100 feet where the nearby
Park is at least one-half acre in size and has
a minimum average width of approximately
150 feet and minimum average depth of
approximately 100 feet, as measured relative
to the River.
148. Tower shall meet or exceed design standards and

guidelines for tower massing and design.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
CPV-Auraria CPV-Auraria Introduction
Tower Floor Plate Site Planning
Separation Alternative Tower Floor Plate Separation Alternative
Tower Separation Alternative Allowed Within This Area.

Tower Separation Alternative Not Allowed
South Platte River
W 1.5 x W
Park of
Qualifying Size
D
Tower Separation Alternative Allowed
1.5 X D
Park
149. When located near a large Park that is adjacent to the River, Tower Floor Plates shall be separated by a minimum distance that is
related to the size of the Park.
b. The minimum Tower Floor Plate Separation

may be reduced to 80 feet where the nearby
Park is at least one acre in size and has a
minimum average width of approximately
250 feet and minimum average depth of
approximately 150 feet, as measured relative
to the River.

Floor Plate Separation Alternative available
to the Standard Tower Building Form in the
D-CPV-C zone district, the Tower shall be
located within 300 feet of the Consolidated
Main Line railroad tracks.

Floor Plate Separation Alternative available to
the Standard Tower or Point Tower Building
Form in the D-CPV-R or D-CPV-C zone
district, the Tower shall meet or exceed design
standards and guidelines for tower massing
and design.
150. A Tower will be considered to be ‘near’ a Park if it is
See “Building Massing” on page 137 and located within a linear distance of the Park that is no more than
“Facade Articulation” on page 137. 1.5 times the average width or depth of the Park.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Golden Triangle Introduction
Golden Triangle
Acoma Street
Broadway & Lincoln Street
12th Avenue
Introduction 11th Avenue & Bannock Street

Streetscape Elements
The Golden Triangle is a mid- to high-density, mixed- and destination and neighborhood-serving retail
use neighborhood that encompasses the highest complemented by active ground floor uses, generous
concentration of civic, arts, and cultural destinations sidewalks, enhanced streetscape, and architectural design
that define the city of Denver and state of Colorado. The with human scale and detail. The Golden Triangle is
district also contains a range of other uses and activities, envisioned as an eclectic neighborhood where no specific
including housing, restaurants, bars, cafes, retail services, architectural style is intended. However, all projects
office buildings, and many art studios and galleries. It should be responsive to their context and influenced by
is this eclectic patchwork of uses and places – a rich, the scale and character of adjacent buildings. The vision
textured urban mosaic – that makes the Golden Triangle a for the Golden Triangle is rooted in enhancing the existing
truly distinct neighborhood in downtown Denver. urban mosaic through contextual design, pedestrian-
focused amenities, and support for Denver’s arts and
cultural legacy.
Existing Context
The Golden Triangle is located between the Cherry Creek
Greenway, the Downtown business district, Capitol Hill Applicability
and La Alma/Lincoln Park in the urban core of Denver. The Golden Triangle section of this Chapter shall apply
Major corridors such as Speer Boulevard to the west, only to properties within the Denver Zoning Code D-GT
Colfax Avenue to the north, and Broadway/Lincoln Avenue zone district located in the design review area bound by
to the east, form the “triangle” of the district. Speer Boulevard to the west, portions of Colfax, 14th Ave,
13th Ave, and 12th Ave to the north, the alley between
The Golden Triangle has a high concentration of cultural Lincoln and Sherman Streets to the east, and 7th Avenue
and arts-related amenities, businesses, and attractions. In to the south.
many ways, these uses and activities characterize much of
the Golden Triangle as an arts district or museum district. All new construction, additions, exterior improvements,
Within the Downtown area, the Golden Triangle plays a signs, and new or expanded outdoor use areas proposed
vital role as a center for civic and cultural destinations. in these zone districts shall follow the design standards
and guidelines established in this document. Additional
The built context of the area ranges from small-scale standards and guidelines that are only applicable to
historic structures to contemporary hi-rise residential Golden Triangle are covered in this section.
buildings reaching nearly 200 feet in height. The eclectic
mix of old and new, small and tall structures is embraced KEY STREETS
by area residents and visitors.
The Golden Triangle Neighborhood Plan and
subsequent efforts recognized the unique context of
Acoma Street serves as a tree-lined green spine through
the following Key Streets:
the center of the neighborhood. However, most of the area
lacks substantial tree cover, open space, and landscape • Acoma Street (Neighborhood Greenway)
areas needed to balance the rapidly increasing urban • Broadway (Grand Boulevard)
character and population density. • Lincoln Street (Grand Boulevard)
• 12th Avenue
• 11th Avenue
Vision for the Golden Triangle
• Bannock Street
The City and County of Denver adopted the Golden
Triangle Neighborhood Plan in 2014. That plan set forth a For Speer Blvd refer to Denver’s Designated Parkways
vision of the neighborhood as an arts and culture focused and Boulevards Design Guidelines for additional
community with a mixture of housing, employment, streetscape guidance.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
W Colfax Ave
N Broadway
Cherokee St
Delaware St
Galapago St
Bannock St
Lincoln St
Acoma St
Civic
Elati St
Fox St
Center
Park
14th Ave
13th Ave
Spe
er B
lv
12th Ave
d
11th Ave
10th Ave
Sunken
5280 Trail Gardens
9th Ave
8th Ave
7th Ave
151. All new construction, additions, exterior improvements, signs, and new or expanded outdoor use areas proposed in the D-GT
zone district located within the design review area, shall follow these design standards and guidelines.
GOLDEN TRIANGLE DESIGN REVIEW AREA

NOTE: Buildings in the Civic Center Historic District must
GOLDEN TRIANGLE NEIGHBORHOOD
comply with the Civic Center Design Guidelines and be
Key Streets reviewed and approved by the Landmark Preservation
Neighborhood Greenway Commission. For additional details about design in this
area, see the Civic Center Design Guidelines.
Planned 5280 Trail
Areas not affected by these DSG’s
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Golden Triangle Acoma Street

12th Avenue
Acoma Street 11th Avenue & Bannock Street

The Golden Triangle Neighborhood Plan of 2014 Design Standards

recommends establishing green corridors along key
streets with a focus on Acoma Street as a neighborhood 5.32 Street Level design and uses at the
greenway and an extension of the arts and cultural intersections of 12th Avenue and 11th Avenue
campus created by the Denver Art Museum, Clyfford Still shall be highly active and pedestrian-oriented.
Museum, Kirkland Museum, and Denver Public Library.
Acoma Street is envisioned to have enhanced pedestrian
amenities and the ability to host programmed events and a. Exceeding transparency requirements set in
informal gatherings, especially in the area between 11th the Denver Zoning Code.
and 12th Avenues that is also home to the Denver Historic b. Locating nonresidential uses wrapping the
Landmark Evans School. corner of both frontages for at least 50 feet
As a neighborhood greenway, the vision for Acoma Street 5.33 Building frontages shall be configured to
includes enhanced landscaping, public art, open space, support a pedestrian-oriented greenway and
seating areas, and outdoor space for retail and dining network of Open Space.
uses. The proposed 5280 Trail is anticipated to further
support the goals of the neighborhood greenway.
a. Locating Open Space required by the Denver
The following design standards and guidelines apply to Zoning Code along Acoma Street
Acoma Street between 12th and 8th Avenues. b. Locating Enhanced Setbacks along Acoma
Street
Intent Statements c. Accommodating wider amenity zones that
allow for mature tree canopy
5.S To promote a pedestrian focused greenway d. Incorporating additional landscaping and
along Acoma Street trees between the street and building facade
5.T To encourage additional space for
pedestrian activity and related amenities 5.34 Lower Stories shall be clearly expressed and
emphasize a Human Scale streetwall.
5.U To encourage arts and cultural elements
along Acoma Street 5.35 A clear path of travel of at least 6 feet shall be
5.V To support distinctive placemaking along provided for pedestrians.
Acoma Street
5.36 The health of the tree canopy shall be prioritized.
a. Maintaining existing healthy street trees.
b. Planting additional street trees
c. Exceeding minimum tree planting standards
established by the Office of the City Forester
d. Locating trees to avoid conflicts with utilities,
vehicles, and pets.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

12th Avenue
Acoma Street 11th Avenue & Bannock Street

152. Building frontages shall be configured to support a pedestrian-oriented greenway and network of Open Space.
Design Guidelines 5.44 Existing Character Buildings should be

considered for Landmark protection or
5.37 Vehicle curb cuts should be minimized and repurposed through Adaptive Reuse.
access should be provided via an Alley or See Chapter 3, Adaptive Reuse and Building
Private Access Drive. Additions.
5.38 Parking structures should be fully wrapped by 5.45 Public Art should be incorporated as an
active uses and not visible from the street. integral part of projects.
5.39 Parking structures should provide spaces 5.46 Streetscape design should be coordinated.
available to the general public.
Appropriate elements to consider include:
a. Streetscape furnishings
5.40 Streetwall height should primarily be 3 or 4
stories tall.
c. Paving systems
5.41 Upper Story Setbacks should exceed the d. Walls, railings, or bollards
horizontal and depth dimensions required by e. Pedestrian lighting
the Denver Zoning Code.
5.47 Streetscape design and furnishings should
5.42 Building facades should exceed the standards incorporate highly creative solutions.
and guidelines for facade design and uses.
See Chapter 3, Street Level Facade Design & Uses. 5.48 Amenity Zones and Open Space should
incorporate enhanced green infrastructure and
stormwater management techniques.
5.43 Street Level facades should incorporate
masonry materials that contribute to the
existing context.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021

12th Avenue
Broadway & Lincoln Street 11th Avenue & Bannock Street

The Golden Triangle Neighborhood Plan identifies 5.51 A clear path of travel of at least 6 feet shall be
Broadway as Grand Boulevard. It recommends that provided for pedestrians.
development along both Broadway and Lincoln Street is
contextually appropriate with enhanced gateway entrances
at the northern and southern ends of the neighborhood. Design Guidelines
The two streets are envisioned to have a strong sense
of identify serving diverse transportation, economic, 5.52 Vehicle curb cuts should be minimized and
recreation, and placemaking functions. Broadway is access should be provided via an Alley or
especially viewed as a strong economic corridor, that Private Access Drive.
bolsters the vitality of the neighborhood and the coupling
of Lincoln and Broadway serves as an important link to 5.53 Parking structures should provide spaces
adjacent communities. available to the general public.
The following design standards and guidelines apply to
Broadway between 13th and 7th Avenues, and to Lincoln 5.54 Streetwall height should primarily be 5 to 8
stories tall.
Street between 14th and 7th Avenues.
5.55 Streetscape design should be coordinated.

Intent Statements Appropriate elements to consider include:
5.W To reinforce Highly Active Uses at the Street a. Streetscape furnishings
Level along Broadway and Lincoln Street b. Landscape planters
5.X To enhance the Street Level experience c. Paving systems
along Broadway Blvd and Lincoln Street d. Walls, railings, or bollards
5.Y To promote Broadway as a Grand Boulevard e. Pedestrian lighting
5.56 The health of the tree canopy should be prioritized.

Design Standards Appropriate techniques include:
5.49 Street Level design and uses shall be highly a. Maintaining existing healthy street trees.
active and pedestrian-oriented. b. Planting additional street trees
Appropriate techniques include: c. Exceeding minimum tree planting standards
a. Exceeding transparency requirements set in established by the Office of the City Forester
the Denver Zoning Code. d. Locating trees to avoid conflicts with utilities,
b. Locating primarily nonresidential uses at vehicles, and pets.
ground floor
5.57 Existing Character Buildings should be

5.50 Building frontages shall be configured to considered for Landmark protection or
support a pedestrian, bicycle, and transit- repurposed through Adaptive Reuse.
oriented boulevard.
Appropriate techniques include: See Chapter 3, Adaptive Reuse and Building
Additions.
a. Incorporating Enhanced Setbacks
b. Accommodating wider amenity zones
that allow for mature tree canopy, transit
facilities, and pedestrian amenities
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021

12th Avenue
12th Avenue 11th Avenue & Bannock Street

Much like Acoma Street, the Golden Triangle

Neighborhood Plan envisions 12th Avenue as green
corridor with a focus on adjacent arts and cultural uses,
linking communities across Speer Blvd to the west and
Lincoln Street to the east.
The Plan envisions that 12th Avenue incorporate Public

Art, Enhanced Setbacks, and Open Space that can
accommodate shade trees, green infrastructure, and areas
of respite. Additionally, these areas can be integrated with
outdoor extensions of active ground floor uses such as
retail, restaurants, and artist studios.

12th Avenue between Speer Blvd and Lincoln St.
Intent Statements
155. Street Level design and uses at the intersection with
5.Z To promote a pedestrian focused greenway Acoma Street and Bannock Street shall be highly active and
along 12th Avenue pedestrian-oriented.
5.AA To encourage additional space for

pedestrian activity and related amenities 5.59 Building frontages shall be configured to
support a pedestrian-oriented greenway and
5.AB To encourage arts and cultural elements
network of Open Space.
along 12th Avenue
5.AC To support distinctive placemaking along a. Locating Open Space required by the Denver
12th Avenue Zoning Code along 12th Avenue
b. Locating Enhanced Setbacks along 12th
Design Standards Avenue
c. Accommodating wider amenity zones that
5.58 Street Level design and uses at the allow for mature tree canopy
intersection with Acoma Street and Bannock d. Incorporating additional landscaping and
Street shall be highly active and pedestrian- trees between the street and building facade
oriented.
Appropriate techniques include: 5.60 Lower Stories shall be clearly expressed and
a. Exceeding transparency requirements set in emphasize a Human Scale streetwall.
b. Locating nonresidential uses wrapping the 5.61 A clear path of travel of at least 6 feet shall be
corner of both frontages for at least 50 feet provided for pedestrians.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

12th Avenue
12th Avenue 11th Avenue & Bannock Street

5.62 The health of the tree canopy shall be prioritized. 5.65 Building facades should exceed the standards
Appropriate techniques include: and guidelines for facade design and uses.
a. Maintaining existing healthy street trees. See Chapter 3, Street Level Facade Design &
b. Planting additional street trees Uses.
established by the Office of the City Forester 5.66 Street Level Active Uses that complement the
d. Locating trees to avoid conflicts with utilities, civic, arts, and cultural institutions should
vehicles, and pets. be included along 12th Avenue, especially
between Broadway and Cherokee Street.
Design Guidelines 5.67 Public Art should be incorporated as an

integral part of projects.
5.63 Upper Story Setbacks on the south side of
12th Avenue should exceed the horizontal 5.68 Streetscape design should be coordinated.
and depth dimensions required by the Denver Appropriate elements to consider include:
Zoning Code to minimize shadow impacts.
5.64 Parking structures should provide spaces
available to the general public. c. Paving systems
e. Pedestrian lighting
5.69 Streetscape design and furnishings should

incorporate highly creative solutions.
5.70 Amenity Zones and Open Space should

incorporate enhanced green infrastructure and
stormwater management techniques.

repurposed through Adaptive Reuse.
See Chapter 3, Adaptive Reuse and Building

Additions.
156. Streetscape design and furnishings should incorporate

highly creative solutions.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Golden Triangle Golden Triangle Introduction
11th Avenue & Bannock

Acoma Street
12th Avenue
Street 11th Avenue & Bannock Street

The Golden Triangle Neighborhood Plan identifies 5.73 Building frontages shall be configured to
11th Avenue and Bannock Street as commercial and support a highly active, pedestrian oriented
retail focused corridors. Given their central location as commercial corridor.
north-south and east-west spines through the area, the Appropriate techniques include:
existing retail shops, cafes, and restaurants can be further
a. Locating Open Space required by the Denver
enhanced and expanded to become critical neighborhood- Zoning Code along 11th Avenue and Bannock
serving commercial uses. The Plan recommends that Street
new development provide additional nonresidential uses,
b. Incorporating Enhanced Setbacks
Enhanced Setbacks that accommodate outdoor uses, bike
facilities, Public Art, and other streetscape features that c. Accommodating wider amenity zones that
foster walking and shopping. Bannock Street is intended allow for mature tree canopy and pedestrian
to further promote arts and cultural uses that contribute amenities
additional pedestrian traffic along the street bringing a
diverse group of people to the neighborhood. 5.74 Lower Stories shall be clearly expressed and
emphasize a Human Scale streetwall.
Bannock Street between 14th and 8th Avenues, and to 5.75 A clear path of travel of at least 6 feet shall be
11th Avenue between Speer Blvd and Lincoln Street. provided for pedestrians.
Design Guidelines
Intent Statements 5.76 Vehicle curb cuts should be minimized and
5.AD To reinforce Highly Active Uses at the Street access should be provided via an Alley or
Level along 11th Avenue and Bannock Street Private Access Drive.
5.AE To promote interaction between internal

5.77 Parking structures should provide spaces
building uses and the Public Realm
available to the general public.
5.AF To encourage additional space for
pedestrian activity and related amenities 5.78 Upper Story Setbacks on the south side of
11th Avenue should exceed the horizontal
5.AG To encourage arts and cultural elements
and depth dimensions required by the Denver
along Bannock Street
Zoning Code to minimize shadow impacts.
Design Standards 5.79 Streetwall height should vary to contribute to a

sense of variety and activity.
5.72 Street Level design and uses shall be highly
active and pedestrian-oriented. 5.80 Public Art and arts and cultural uses should
Appropriate techniques include: be incorporated as an integral part of projects.
a. Exceeding transparency requirements set in
b. Locating primarily nonresidential uses at
ground floor
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Golden Triangle Golden Triangle Introduction
Acoma Street
11th Avenue & Bannock Broadway & Lincoln Street

12th Avenue
Street 11th Avenue & Bannock Street

5.81 Streetscape design should be coordinated.

Appropriate elements to consider include:
c. Paving systems
e. Pedestrian lighting
5.82 The health of the tree canopy should be prioritized.

a. Maintaining existing healthy street trees.
b. Planting additional street trees
established by the Office of the City Forester
d. Locating trees to avoid conflicts with utilities,
vehicles, and pets. 157. Existing Character Buildings should be considered for
Landmark protection or repurposed through Adaptive Reuse.

repurposed through Adaptive Reuse.
See Chapter 3, Adaptive Reuse and Building
Additions.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

12th Avenue
Pedestrian Lighting 11th Avenue & Bannock Street

Pedestrian Lighting
The Golden Triangle uses consistent pedestrian lighting Design Standards

elements to establish a unifying streetscape appearance.
While the original fixtures are no longer manufactured, 5.84 Acorn-style fixtures shall be used in most
the following standards and guidelines describe how locations throughout the Golden Triangle,
contemporary approaches can maintain a similar design except as otherwise noted below.
theme and visual characteristics.
5.85 Globe-style fixtures shall be used in the

following locations:
Intent Statements a. Speer Boulevard
b. Acoma Street north of 9th Avenue
5.AH To establish uniform pedestrian lighting
character c. 14th Avenue
d. Denver Parks
5.AI To highlight specific areas with distinct
features.
5.86 Pedestrian light fixtures shall be Dark Sky
compliant.
GLOBE AND ACORN FIXTURES Design Guidelines

In lieu of a direct specification of a particular globe
or acorn-style fixture, the project should include 5.87 Pedestrian lighting should be installed at
pedestrian lighting that meets these general criteria: least fifty feet (50’) apart. Note, sixty to one
• White or clear globe/acorn shape luminaire hundred fifteen feet (60’-115’) separation is
(note, luminaire may incorporate internal recommended.
refractors for Dark Sky compliance)
• A decorative luminaire base with an integral 5.88 Post height for pedestrian light fixtures should
globe holder/ballast housing and a sphere be consistent with existing posts within one
globe block. In the absence of other reference
• The luminaire base, ballast housing and lighting, post height should reflect the width of
globe holder should be heavy wall, copper the Right of Way and be taller as the Right of
free, cast aluminum. Way increases.
• All hardware should be stainless steel and
tamper resistant.
5.89 Post color should be consistent with existing
• The ballast and socket assembly should be posts within one block. In the absence of
furnished with a quick disconnect plug and
mounted on a removable ballast plate. other reference lighting, post color should be
black.
• UL listed and labeled as suitable for wet
locations.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Signs addresses design aspects related to sign type, location, materials,
and lighting. In addition to identifying various uses and tenants, signs play an
important role in defining the visual character and quality of the urban environment.
This chapter will not be used by the Design Advisory Board in the review of projects.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES Chapter 5 | Building Signs 149
APRIL 2021
158. Distinctive signs that are integrated into the overall building design promote a cohesive urban environment.
DENVER ZONING CODE SIGN REQUIREMENTS

Division 10.10 of the Denver Zoning Code provides base requirements for the erection, remodeling, enlarging, moving,
operation and maintenance of all signs.
The design standards and guidelines in this Chapter are intended to build on Denver Zoning Code requirements.
Sign review is a separate zoning process which may be subject to design review. Sign size and location are regulated
by the Denver Zoning Code.
DENVER COMPREHENSIVE SIGN PLANS

Division 10.10 of the Denver Zoning Code enables a Comprehensive Sign Plan process that allows flexibility in
requirements for the size, type and location of signs for large facilities subject to review by City Staff and the Denver
Planning Board. The Denver Zoning Code also enables a Comprehensive Sign Plan process that allows for projecting
signs and canopy signs on smaller facilities subject to review by City Staff. This flexibility is offered in exchange for
a coordinated program of signage ensuring a higher standard of design quality for such signs. The Downtown Design
Advisory Board will evaluate Comprehensive Sign Plans in advance of the review and determination of approval by the
Denver Planning Board.
For buildings that have Comprehensive Sign Plans, refer to the plans for allowed sign locations, types, quantity, and
size requirements.
In some instances Comprehensive Sign Plans will allow for sign placement, application, and type that may be in
contrast to these Standards and Guidelines. In those instances the placement, application, and type of sign shall be
referenced and governed by the Comprehensive Sign Plan.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

150 Chapter 5 | Building Signs DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
APRIL 2021
HIERARCHY OF SIGNAGE
When planning signage, it is important to understand the purpose that each sign can play, and to consider the hierarchy
and scale of signs types, messages and designs. “Layering” information will help visitors obtain the information they
need, while also ensuring that every proposed sign has an objective. The diagram and related photographs below illustrate
layering of primary, secondary and additional/iconic signage consistent with the guiding principles for building signs.
A
C
A PRIMARY SIGNAGE B SECONDARY SIGNAGE C ADDITIONAL SIGNAGE

Primary signage is generally
Located near active building Secondary signage provides Additional/iconic signage

entrances and strategically additional information that is promotes creativity, context-
placed to be viewed from longer viewed from shorter distances sensitivity and overall sense of
distances. Typically one primary and at the pedestrian level. place, often through artistic,
sign per business is appropriate. Typically one to three secondary three-dimensional imagery.
signs per business are Typically one iconic sign per
appropriate. business is appropriate.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Sign Location
Building Sign Character & Material
Building Sign Lighting

Individual Sign Types – Projecting Signs
Individual Sign Types – Non-Projecting Signs
Signs provide a vital service in an urban district,

informing pedestrians and expressing the character and
tone of the experiences within. Signs have a powerful
presence in the streetscape and can affect the pedestrian
and vehicular experience significantly.
Intent Statements
6.A To encourage signs that promote a vibrant,
pedestrian-oriented street frontage
6.B To improve wayfinding by identifying
primary entrances
6.C To provide clear identification of building

uses and tenants
6.D To ensure signs are located to be

subordinate to and integrate with the
building design
6.E To minimize impact of signage on adjacent

streetscape environment
Design Standards
6.01 Unless a building has a Comprehensive Sign
Plan, a building shall not have more than one
sign located above the Street Level on each
facade.
159. Signs shall be located at, or just above, the Street Level or
6.02 Signs at the Street Level shall be located for near the top of the building rather than midway along a facade.
pedestrian use and visibility.
Appropriate strategies include: b. Locate signs in architectural bays or panels
a. Locate signs at, or just above, the Street c. Utilize areas of the facade designed and
Level entrance reserved specifically for signage
b. Incorporate a distinct signage band area at
the Street Level See “Street Level Facade Design & Uses” on
page 78.
c. Integrate signage within a storefront
6.04 Signs for Street Level uses shall be located

6.03 Signs shall be subordinate to and integrate adjacent to the identified use unless part of a
with the overall design of the facade. Joint Identification Sign.
a. Ensure that signage is not the most
prominent feature of the facade
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021

6.05 Signs shall be designed to avoid conflicts with

streetscape elements.
Streetscape elements to consider, include:
a. Street trees
b. Street lighting
c. Street furniture
Design Guidelines
6.06 Signs should be located at, or just above, the
Street Level or near the top of the building
rather than midway along a facade. Use
a Comprehensive Sign Plan for additional
locations on building facades.
160. Signs for Street Level uses shall be located to ensure
pedestrian visibility.
6.07 Signs located above the Street Level should be
reserved to identify a single major tenant.
6.08 Signs for multiple tenants above the Street

Level should be consolidated into a Street
Level Joint Identification Sign.
See “Joint Identification Signs” on page 158.
6.09 Signs should clearly designate tenant spaces

and building entries.
6.10 Signage at Historic Resource or Character

Buildings should be consistent with traditional
signage patterns. 161. Signs should clearly designate tenant spaces and
building entries.
a. Place a sign above or near the primary
entrance to an establishment, preferably in
a traditional location such as a historic sign
band or in large storefront windows.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Sign Character & Building Sign Character & Material

Material
Intent Statements
6.F To promote well-designed and durable
signage that retains a quality appearance
over time
6.G To promote creative and iconographic sign
design at prominent locations
6.H To encourage signage design that is well

integrated and complimentary to the overall
building design and aesthetic
Standards
6.11 Signs shall be designed to complement the
design of the building facade.
6.12 Signs shall incorporate high-quality durable

materials appropriate for urban settings that
will maintain their quality over time.
Appropriate materials include, but are not
limited to:
a. Metal
b. Stone such as slate, marble or sandstone
c. Painted, gilded or sandblasted glass
6.13 Signs at the Street Level shall incorporate

design details, materials, and scaling elements
that relate to Human Scale.
6.14 Signs located above the Street Level shall

include only a single line of text and may not
occupy more than 600 square feet of area.
Note that a Comprehensive Sign Plan may allow
flexibility from this standard.
6.15 Box or cabinet signs shall not be allowed.

162. Signs at the Street Level shall incorporate design details,
materials, and scaling elements that relate to Human Scale.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Building Sign Character & Building Sign Character & Material

Material
163. Signs shall incorporate durable materials and complement the design of the building facade.
Design Guidelines
6.16 Signs should be designed to work together
to create a cohesive identity for the building
facade or tenant.
6.17 Signs located at corner entrances, within

an Open Space, or in other highly-visible
locations should be designed to be creative
and iconographic.
a. Incorporate symbols or representations of
products into sign design
b. Utilize iconic typography in sign design
c. Integrate creative lighting into sign design
Note that projecting signs must incorporate
iconographic features (see “Individual Sign Types
– Projecting Signs” on page 157).
6.18 Signs should be designed using distinctive

materials and craftsmanship.
164. Signs should be designed to work together to create a

cohesive identity for the building facade or tenant.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Intent Statements
6.I To ensure that sign lighting is coordinated
with building facade design and lighting
6.J To ensure that sign lighting does not
adversely affect the Public Realm or
adjacent properties.
Design Standards
6.19 Sign lighting shall be integrated into the design
of the sign or facade.
a. Indirect back lit/halo lighting
b. Lighting arms that provide direct lighting 165. Sign lighting shall be integrated into the design of the sign
or facade.
c. Lighting integrated into an architectural
feature
6.20 Sign lighting shall avoid adverse impacts to

the Public Realm and adjacent properties.
a. Focus lighting directly towards the sign
b. Incorporate hoods or caps to avoid indirect
glare
6.21 Electrical conduits and raceways for sign

lighting shall be integrated into the design of
the facade and not directly exposed.
6.22 Electronic message boards shall have auto

dimming capabilities to respond to daylight
conditions.
Design Guidelines
6.23 Sign lighting should be provided to support
nighttime pedestrian activity.
6.24 Sign lighting should be consistent with overall

building lighting. 166. Indirect back lit/halo lighting is an appropriate way to
integrate lighting into the design of the sign.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Individual Sign Types – Building Sign Character & Material

Topic Title Signs

Projecting Sub-Topic Title
Intent Statements Design Standards

6.K To promote projecting signs that contribute
6.25 Projecting signs shall be designed to be
to the overall arrangement and variety of
signage on the building facade creative and iconographic.
6.L To promote projecting sign designs that
a. Incorporate symbols or representations of
enliven the pedestrian environment with products into sign design
creative, expressive, and iconic shapes
b. Utilize iconic typography in sign design
c. Integrate creative lighting into sign design
DESIGN REVIEW OF PROJECTING SIGNS
Projecting signs are now permitted in the Downtown 6.26 Projecting signs shall be three-dimensional.
Arapahoe Square 12+/20+ zone districts; Downtown Appropriate techniques include:
Central Platte Valley Transition, River, and Center
a. Use shapes that limit the need for signage
zone districts; and Downtown Golden Triangle zone
text
district without a Comprehensive Sign Plan. City
Staff will review and approve applications for new or b. Incorporate three-dimensional objects, such
modified projecting signs. as products related to the advertised use, in
sign design (objects may be abstracted)
167. Projecting signs shall be designed to be creative, 168. Projecting signs shall be designed to be creative,
iconographic, and three-dimensional. iconographic, and three-dimensional.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Non-Projecting Signs
Intent Statements 6.33 Door Signage shall be used to identify

business name, address, hours of operation
6.M To promote appropriate use of a variety of and a possible logo if needed, and shall be
sign types located at eye level.
6.N To limit the visual impact of multiple signs 6.34 Font size of door graphics shall be sized to be
on a building facade appropriately legible when standing in front of
6.O To maintain the appearance of an active the door.
Street Level with a high percentage of
transparency
Design Guidelines
Design Standards ARCADE SIGNS

6.35 Arcade signs should be scaled to be
ARCADE SIGNS compatible with the overall arcade design.
6.27 Arcade signs shall be mounted perpendicular
to the building facade hanging from an arcade. GROUND SIGNS
6.36 Materials used for ground mounted signs
should be coordinated with materials used on
GROUND SIGNS
adjacent buildings.
6.28 Ground signs shall be located only in
Enhanced Commercial Setback or Open Space
areas and scaled for pedestrians. JOINT IDENTIFICATION SIGNS
6.37 Joint identification signs should be designed
with a coordinated set of materials, color and
WALL SIGNS typefaces.
6.29 Wall signs shall be designed to fit within sign
bands or architectural details on the building
facade. WALL SIGNS
6.38 Where a wall sign will be internally-lit,
6.30 Where a wall sign is used as a joint internally-illuminated lettering should be used
identification sign, it shall be located adjacent rather than a single internally-illuminated box.
to a primary building entry.
WINDOW SIGNS
WINDOW SIGNS 6.39 Window signs should generally be scaled
6.31 Window signs shall not cover more than 20% for pedestrians and located at, or below,
of the window area. pedestrian height.
6.32 Window signs shall be placed within the lower a. Limit window signs to logos or additional
product information
20% of storefront windows.
b. Use individual lettering rather than solid
color backgrounds
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT
APRIL 2021

Non-Projecting Signs
174. Joint Identification Sign - a sign which serves as

a common or collective identification for three or more
businesses on the same zone lot (note that Joint Identification
Signs are a type of wall or ground sign)
172. Arcade Sign - a sign attached to the roof or wall of an 175. Wall Sign - a sign attached to, painted on or erected
arcade and totally within the outside limits of the structural against a wall, fascia, parapet wall or pitched roof of a building
surfaces which are delineating the arcade or structure (note that a wall sign may be used as a joint
identification sign)
173. Ground Sign - a sign supported by poles, uprights or 176. Window Sign - a sign which is applied or attached to,
braces extending from the ground or an object on the ground or located within three feet of the interior of a window, which
but not attached to any part of any building sign can be seen through the window from the exterior of the
structure
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Glossary of Terms
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES Glossary of Terms 161
APRIL 2021
Glossary of Terms
The terms included here are terms that are consistently BICYCLE FACILITY
referenced throughout the design standards and A lane, path, or shoulder for use by bicyclists, or a
guidelines. Many of the terms are consistent with Denver shelter/parking facility for bicycles.
Zoning Code definitions but are included in this document
for ease and accessibility. For terms that are not included
BUILDING MASSING
here, refer to the Denver Zoning Code, Section 13.3
Definition of Words, Terms and Phrases as well as Section The overall configuration of the major three-dimensional
11.12 Use Definitions. volumes, modules, or elements of an individual building
and its Facade. Such volumes, modules, or elements are
ACTIVE USES generally defined by significant and recognizable changes
in height, setback, or Facade plane. Also see Facade
See Street Level Active Uses and Highly Active Uses Articulation.
ADAPTIVE REUSE CEMENTITIOUS STUCCO

The renovation and reuse of existing structures for new An exterior wall finish, usually composed of cement,
purposes. sand, and lime, and applied while wet.
ADJACENT CHARACTER BUILDING

Sharing a zone lot line or being separated only by an A structure with distinctive massing, scale, and design
alley. Named or numbered streets destroy adjacency, features that add to Denver’s varied architectural heritage.
except where specifically allowed by this document, for
example along the South Platte Riverfront.
CITY STAFF
ALLEY For purposes of these Design Standards and Guidelines,
City Staff refers to the City Zoning Administrator and
A public way that is less in size than a street, and which is his or her designees in the Department of Community
not designed for general travel, which is used primarily as Planning and Development.
a means of access to the rear of residences and business
establishments. Also see Private Access Drive.
COMPREHENSIVE SIGN PLAN
AMENITY ZONE Division 10.10 of the Denver Zoning Code enables a
Comprehensive Sign Plan process that allows flexibility
An area between the street and sidewalk that is improved in requirements for the size, type and location of signs of
with street trees, landscaping, paving, street furniture or large facilities.
other amenities. See “Amenity Zone & Street Trees” in
Chapter 4 for additional information and illustrations.
CONTRIBUTING STRUCTURE
ARTICULATION A structure that is designated as contributing to the
historic or architectural qualities of a Historic District
See Facade Articulation. according to the provisions of Chapter 30 of the Denver
Revised Municipal Code.
BICYCLE CORRAL
An on-street bicycle parking facility that can accommodate
bicycles in the same area as an on-street vehicle parking
space. They work best where sidewalks are too narrow to
accommodate bicycle racks and in areas with both high
levels of people bicycling and demand for bicycle parking.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

162 Glossary of Terms DOWNTOWN DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
APRIL 2021
Glossary of Terms
DENVER ZONING CODE ENHANCED SETBACK
The Denver Zoning Code implements the city’s vision The space created when buildings are set back more than
for the future of Denver by calibrating regulations for the minimum Primary Street setback dimension, but still
structures, uses and parking by neighborhood context. within the Primary Street build-to range specified in the
The Denver Zoning Code generally sets forth quantitative Denver Zoning Code. See Enhanced Commercial Setback
requirements such as maximum heights or minimum and Enhanced Residential Setback for specific types of
setbacks that apply in addition to the discretionary design Enhanced Setback.
standards and guidelines included in this document. See
www.denvergov.org/zoning for more information. FACADE
The exterior face or wall surface of a building. For the
DOWNTOWN DESIGN ADVISORY BOARD purpose of these design standards and guidelines, a
A group of design professionals, development industry Facade includes all stories of a building.
representatives, and downtown-area residents and
property owners appointed by the Mayor of Denver FACADE ADJACENT TO A HISTORIC RESOURCE
to review and provide recommendations on proposed
A Facade visible from a Historic District or Landmark
projects using these design standards and guidelines. See
Structure, or visible from a street, Alley or Private Access
“Design Review Process” on page 10 and www.denvergov.
Drive within 1/2 block of a Historic District or Zone Lot
org/downtowndesign for more information.
that includes a Landmark Structure.
EXTERIOR INSULATED FINISH SYSTEM (EIFS) FACADE ARTICULATION
A general class of non-load bearing building cladding
Design elements that add texture, interest, depth and
systems using rigid foam insulation, fiberglass mesh, and
rhythm to the Facade of a building, including horizontal
a thin synthetic stucco finish.
and vertical projections, cornices, balcony rows,
fenestration patterns, awnings and canopies, as well as
ENHANCED COMMERCIAL SETBACK horizontal and vertical changes in material, color and/or
The additional space created when Street Level frontages finish. Also see Building Massing.
that do not contain residential units are set back at
least 5’ from the Primary Street property line, but are FIBER CEMENT SIDING
generally still positioned within the Primary Street build-
A building material used to cover the exterior of a
to range provided in the Denver Zoning Code. Enhanced
building. Fiber cement is a composite material made of
Commercial Setbacks can range in size from modest
sand, cement and cellulose fibers. Fiber Cement Siding
setback areas provided by building offsets to larger areas
includes HardieBoard and HardiePlank.
with outdoor patio seating, landscaping or other amenities.
GATEWAY CORNER
ENHANCED RESIDENTIAL SETBACK
An intersection where strong building massing will help
The additional space created when Street Level frontages
invite pedestrians onto active sections of adjacent streets.
containing residential units are set back at least 7’ (15’
on the South Platte Riverfront) from the Primary Street
property line, but are generally still positioned within
GENERAL BUILDING FORM
the Primary Street build-to range provided in the Denver A Denver Zoning Code building form that establishes a
Zoning Code. Enhanced Residential Setbacks provide base set of standards and can accommodate a full range of
space for a transition from the Public Realm to private different uses.
residential units, which may include porches, stoops,
landscaping and other features.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Glossary of Terms
HIGHLY ACTIVE USES LANDMARK STRUCTURE
Uses that contribute to the activation and engagement of A structure that is locally-designated for preservation
the pedestrian experience. These uses include, but are under the provisions of Chapter 30 of the Denver Revised
not limited to, retail storefronts, restaurants and cafes, Municipal Code.
building lobbies and amenity areas, and arts and cultural
facilities. Uses that are not considered Highly Active Uses LOW-IMPACT DEVELOPMENT
are residential units, light warehousing, mini-storage,
A stormwater management approach to address rainfall
parking spaces or parking aisles. Also see Street Level
in a way that more closely mimics the natural hydrologic
Active Uses.
system at the site prior to any development.
HISTORIC DISTRICT LOWER STORIES
A district that is locally-designated for preservation
The portion of a building generally located below an Upper
under the provisions of Chapter 30 of the Denver Revised
Story Setback specified in the Denver Zoning Code. For
Municipal Code.
example, where the Denver Zoning Code specifies an
Upper Story Setback above 5 stories or 70 feet, the Lower
HISTORIC RESOURCE Stories will generally be stories 1-5. However, the Lower
A Landmark Structure or Historic District that is locally- Stories may be considered to end at a lower height where
designated for preservation under the provisions of an Upper Story Setback is located below the maximum
Chapter 30 of the Denver Revised Municipal Code. height specified in the Denver Zoning Code. See the related
definitions of Lower Story Facade, Upper Stories and Tower,
HUMAN SCALE as well as “Building Form Massing Components” on page
160 for more information.
The perception of a building and/or environment based
on proportions, scaling elements, and context-sensitive
solutions that allow a human to reasonably interpret LOWER STORY FACADE
the design through comparable elements in their own The Primary Street-Facing Facade of a building’s Lower
experience. See “Guiding Principles of Human Scale Stories. Note that the Lower Story Facade and the
Design” in Chapter 3 for more information. Streetwall often describe the same Facade areas, although
the Streetwall will sometimes rise higher along Facade
INTERIOR VEHICLE COURT areas where there is no Upper Story Setback, or where a
Tower rises directly above a building’s Lower Stories. See
A vehicle use area within the interior of a block and
the related definitions of Upper Story Facade and Tower
accessed by an Alley or Private Access Drive. An
Facade, as well as “Building Form Massing Components”
Interior Vehicle Court may serve as a drop-off area for
on page 160 for more information.
surrounding building uses and provide access to parking
or service areas.
MASONRY
KEY STREETS Building materials characterized by individual units laid in
and bound together by mortar. Masonry materials include
Unique or important streets where context-specific design
brick, stone and terra cotta.
guidance is provided. See “Key Streets” on page 4 for
more information.
MASSING
See Building Massing.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Glossary of Terms
OFF-STREET PEDESTRIAN CONNECTION PARKLET
An improved and maintained way providing pedestrian A sidewalk extension that provides more space and
access from the Right-Of-Way into the interior of a amenities for people using the street. Parklets are
block. For the purpose of these design standards and typically installed in parking lanes and use one or more
guidelines, an Off-Street Pedestrian Connection includes parking spaces.
any improved pedestrian way through the interior of a
block to provide pedestrian connections between block POINT TOWER BUILDING FORM
frontages or provide pedestrian access to uses located
A Denver Zoning Code building form that allows tall,
in the interior of a block. Note that an Alley or Private
slender Tower building elements. This building form sets
Access Drive may also serve as an Off-Street Pedestrian
more restrictive requirements for the size of a Tower Floor
Connection when improved for pedestrian use. Note that
Plate than the Standard Tower Building Form.
some Off-Street Pedestrian Connections will also meet the
definition of Open Space.
PRIMARY STREET
OPEN SPACE Any named or numbered street, and the South Platte
River, as defined in the Denver Zoning Code.
For the purpose of these design standards and guidelines,
an Open Space is a privately-owned space that is adjacent
to and physically open to the street, allowing public
PRIMARY STREET-FACING FACADE
access at least during business hours and meeting Any Facade that is located roughly parallel to, and is
the Denver Zoning Code Article 13.1 criteria for areas visible from, a Primary Street. Primary Street-Facing
satisfying a minimum percentage of Private Open Space, Facades do not include Facades that are generally
including minimum width, depth and overall area. perpendicular to a Primary Street, although such Facades
may still be considered as a Visible Facade or Secondary
Examples of Open Space include privately-owned Facade.
courtyards, plazas, expanded access points to Off-Street
Pedestrian Connections and similar features that are PRIMARY STREET UPPER STORY SETBACK
intended to be publicly visible and usable. An Open See Upper Story Setback.
Space is differentiated from an Enhanced Setback by its
dimensions, which may extend beyond the maximum
PRIVATE ACCESS DRIVE
build-to range specified in the Denver Zoning Code, but
typically would occur along only a limited percentage of An improved and maintained way providing vehicular
the street frontage. An Open Space is differentiated from access from the Right-of-Way into the interior of a block.
a Park because it is privately-owned and would generally For the purpose of these design standards and guidelines,
not provide neighborhood-level recreation space. a Private Access Drive includes any privately owned
off-street vehicle way through the interior of a block to
PARK provide individual vehicular access points to parking
areas, service areas, an Interior Vehicle Court or similar
A large publicly or privately-owned outdoor space features shared by multiple buildings or sites on a block.
providing neighborhood-level amenities or recreation Note that a Private Access Drive may also serve as an
areas. A Park is differentiated from an Open Space Off-Street Pedestrian Connection when improved for
because it is not specifically associated with a privately- pedestrian use. Also see Alley.
owned building or group of buildings and is generally
much larger in size.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Glossary of Terms
PRIVATE OPEN SPACE SECONDARY FACADE
A Denver Zoning Code term applied to publicly- Any Facade that does not meet the definition of a Primary
accessible, but privately owned, spaces meeting Street-Facing Facade, including Facades that face
minimum code-specified criteria. See Open Space. towards an Alley or Private Access Drive. Note that some
Secondary Facades will also meet the definition of a
PUBLIC ART Visible Facade.
Any structure or other installation meeting the definition
of “Works of Public Art” in Section 20-86 of the Denver SOUTH PLATTE RIVERFRONT
Revised Municipal Code. Public Art includes, but is not Areas fronting both sides of the South Platte River,
limited to, paintings, sculptures, mosaics, earthworks, including streets and Parks that are located between the
sound/light art and other artist-created works. For the river and private development areas. Zone Lots adjacent to
purpose of these design standards and guidelines, Public such streets and Parks, or the river itself, are considered
Art may include works that are privately owned, but adjacent to the South Platte Riverfront.
publicly accessible, including artwork located in Open
Space. STANDARD TOWER BUILDING FORM
A Denver Zoning Code building form that allows larger
PUBLIC REALM Tower building elements to accommodate uses that need
Areas within the Right-of-Way (including streets and a larger Tower Floor Plate. This building form allows
sidewalks) and Parks, as well as publicly-accessible greater flexibility in the size of a Tower Floor Plate than
areas on private property, including Off-Street Pedestrian the Point Tower Building Form.
Connections, Open Space and Enhanced Setbacks.
STREET ENCLOSURE RATIO
QUALITY A measurement of the proportional relationship between
Refers to materials that are low maintenance, durable, and the Streetwall of a building and the width of the adjacent
appropriate for the intended use or design application. Right-of-Way. Note the perception of Street Enclosure
Ratio may be influenced by landscaping or street trees
RESPITE AREA that provide a sense of enclosure.
Small space adjacent to the sidewalk that encourage
pedestrians to briefly dwell and linger in the Public STREET LEVEL
Realm. A Respite Area typically includes seating The first story or level in a building or structure, as
elements, shade from street trees, and other furnishings. defined by the Denver Zoning Code. For the purpose
of these design standards and guidelines, Street Level
RIGHT-OF-WAY will generally be considered to be the story or level of
a building or structure that interfaces directly with the
The area of land that is intended to provide access to
Public Realm, including Street Level building frontages
individual sites. The Right-Of-Way generally includes the
facing streets, Open Spaces and Off-Street Pedestrian
roadway, sidewalks, Amenity Zone, and Alley. This area
Connections. Note that the Street Level is considered to
could be publicly owned by the municipality over which
be part of the Lower Stories.
the road and sidewalk is built, or privately owned and
maintained by others such as a metropolitan district or
homeowners association.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Glossary of Terms
STREET LEVEL FACADE specifies an Upper Story Setback above 5 stories or
The Facade at the Street Level that faces the Public 70 feet, the Tower will generally be any portion of the
Realm, including Open Spaces and Off-Street Pedestrian building above 5 stories. Where the Denver Zoning
Connections. Note that the Street Level Facade is part of Code specifies an Upper Story Setback above 8 stories
the Lower Story Facade. or 110 feet, the Tower will generally be any portion of
the building above 8 stories. However, a Tower may be
considered to begin at a lower height where Upper Story
STREET LEVEL ACTIVE USES
Setbacks are located below the maximum height specified
Uses that contribute to the activation and engagement in the Denver Zoning Code or where the portion of the
of the street, as defined by the Denver Zoning Code. The building that meets the maximum Tower Floor Plate
Denver Zoning Code requires a minimum percentage Area, maximum Tower Floor Plate Linear Dimension and
of Street Level Active Uses on a Primary Street-Facing minimum Tower Floor Plate Separation begins below the
Facade. Also see Highly Active Uses. height specified in the Denver Zoning Code.
STREETWALL TOWER FACADE

The predominant plane of the Primary Street-Facing The Primary Street-Facing Facades and Visible Facades of
Facade from the Street Level up to an Upper Story Setback all stories of a Tower. See the related definitions of Lower
or other significant shift in building massing. Note that Story Facade and Tower, as well as “Facade Levels” on
the Lower Story Facade is part of the Streetwall. page 39 for more information.
STRUCTURAL CELLS TOWER FLOOR PLATE

A below pavement structural system that allows for tree Any single story of a Tower.
roots to grow in less compacted natural soils, while
providing the necessary support for paving systems that TOWER FLOOR PLATE AREA
can accommodate pedestrian and vehicular loading. See
“Suspended Pavement Systems & Structural Soil” in The total square foot area of a single Tower Floor Plate
Chapter 4. per the rules of measurement set forth in Article 13 of the
Denver Zoning Code.
SURFACE PARKING
TOWER FLOOR PLATE LINEAR DIMENSION
A storage area for motor vehicles that is not within a
completely enclosed structure, including surface parking The longest horizontal distance between the exterior walls
lot, deck parking and tuck-under parking. of a single Tower Floor Plate per the rules of measurement
set forth in Article 13 of the Denver Zoning Code.
TOWER
TOWER FLOOR PLATE LINEAR DIMENSION
The portion of a Point Tower Building Form or Standard ALTERNATIVE
Tower Building Form that is located above an Upper Story
Setback specified in the Denver Zoning Code, including A Denver Zoning Code standard that allows for an
all stories where the Denver Zoning Code specifies a increased Tower Floor Plate Linear Dimension on a Point
maximum Tower Floor Plate Area, maximum Tower Floor Tower Building Form or Standard Tower Building Form to
Plate Linear Dimension and minimum Tower Floor Plate provide flexibility in special circumstances where creative
Separation (note that a Tower is sometimes also referred Tower designs are found to meet the design standards
to as a Tower massing component or a Tower building and guidelines for the Tower Floor Plate Linear Dimension
element). For example, where the Denver Zoning Code Alternative in Chapter 2.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Glossary of Terms
TOWER FLOOR PLATE SEPARATION UPPER STORY SETBACK
The shortest horizontal distance between two Tower Floor A building setback required by the Denver Zoning Code
Plates per the rules of measurement set forth in Article 13 at a maximum specified height above the Street Level to
of the Denver Zoning Code. provide appropriate pedestrian height, scale and massing.
For the purpose of these design standards and guidelines,
TOWER FLOOR PLATE SEPARATION ALTERNATIVE Upper Story Setbacks may also refer to other setbacks
above or below the maximum setback height specified in
A Denver Zoning Code standard that allows for a reduced
minimum separation between Tower Floor Plates on a
Point Tower Building Form or Standard Tower Building
Form to provide flexibility in special circumstances VEHICLE ACCESS POINT
where creative Tower designs are found to meet the A point providing vehicular access to a Zone Lot, parking
design standards and guidelines for the Tower Floor Plate area, parking structure or shared Alley/Private Access
Separation Alternative in Chapter 1. Drive from an adjacent street.
UPPER STORIES VISIBLE FACADE

The portion of a General Building Form that is located Any Secondary Facade that is visible from the Public
above an Upper Story Setback specified in the Denver Realm at the time of construction without significant
Zoning Code. For example, where the Denver Zoning Code blockage by building or site features. For example, a
specifies an Upper Story Setback above 5 stories or 70 Facade that is perpendicular to a Primary Street and
feet, the Upper Stories will generally be any portion of faces towards an adjacent Open Space or existing lower-
the building above 5 stories. However, the Upper Stories scale development on an adjacent Zone Lot that does not
may be considered to begin at a lower height where block views of the Facade from the Public Realm will be
Upper Story Setbacks are located below the maximum considered to be a Visible Facade. Note that some Visible
height specified in the Denver Zoning Code. Note that Facades will also meet the definition of a Facade Adjacent
the portion of a Point Tower Building Form or Standard to a Historic Resource.
Tower Building Form that is located above an Upper Story
Setback specified in the Denver Zoning Code is defined VISIBLE STRUCTURED PARKING
as the Tower rather than the Upper Stories. See the related
A structured parking Facade that is not wrapped with
definitions of Lower Stories, Upper Story Facade and
another use and is located on the Primary Street-facing
Tower, as well as “Building Form Massing Components”
Facade, or faces a Historic Resource per the definition of
on page 164 for more information.
a Facade Adjacent to a Historic Resource.
UPPER STORY FACADE WALL MURAL
The Primary Street-Facing Facade of the Upper Stories
A mural is any piece of artwork or super graphic (which
of a General Building Form. Note that the Facades of a
does not serve as an advertisement) painted or applied
Point Tower Building Form or Standard Tower Building
directly on a wall.
Form that are located above an Upper Story Setback
specified in the Denver Zoning Code are defined as Tower
Facades rather than Upper Story Facades. See the related
WALDRAM DIAGRAM
definitions of Lower Story Facade and Upper Stories, as A Denver Zoning Code technique to calculate the
well as “Facade Levels” on page 39 for more information. percentage of sky exposure that a building’s profile allows
through to the street below.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021
Glossary of Terms
ZONE LOT
As defined in the Denver Zoning Code, the land
designated as the building site for a structure; also, the
land area occupied by a use or a structure. Many Denver
Zoning Code requirements, such as Upper Story Setbacks
are measured in relation to Zone Lot size or Zone Lot Line.
ZONE LOT LINE

As defined in the Denver Zoning Code, any boundary of a
Zone Lot. Many Denver Zoning Code requirements, such
as Upper Story Setbacks, are measured in relation to Zone
Lot size or Zone Lot Lines.
ZONING ADMINISTRATOR
A member of City Staff appointed by the Executive
Director of the Department of Community Planning
and Development to take final action regarding zoning
permits, make code interpretations and undertake other
duties as outlined in the Denver Zoning Code. The
Zoning Administrator may designate their authority to any
member of City Staff.
PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

APRIL 2021

Design Standards and Guidelines - Denver County Developemnt

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Design Standards and Guidelines - Denver County Developemnt

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Design Standards and Guidelines - Denver County Developemnt

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

2021

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT - APRIL 2021

Department of Transportation &

Sarah Nurmela, Neighborhood Planning Manager Special Thanks

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

DOWNTOWN DENVER DESIGN STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES

APPROVED FOR LEGALITY

APPROVED AND ADOPTED

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

Chapter 1 | Site Organization..............................................................................................19

Chapter 2 | Building Mass & Scale.....................................................................................39

Chapter 3 | Facade Design & Site Design Details...............................................................59

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

Chapter 5 | Neighborhood Specific Design........................................................................121

Chapter 6 | Building Signs................................................................................................149

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

Evolution of Downtown Denver Downtown

• Arapahoe Square design review area is bounded

CPV-Auraria Colfax Ave.

Lincoln 12th Street

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

A Vision for High Quality Design

Downtown Denver’s Guiding Principles

Sense of Place. A sense of place will be achieved through

Creativity. Innovative and distinctive design solutions will

Context. Design in Arapahoe Square, CPV-Auraria, and

Sustainability. Social, economic, and environmental

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

Policy & Regulatory Policy & Regulatory Foundation

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

Policy & Regulatory Policy & Regulatory Foundation

Denver Revised Municipal Code

Denver Zoning Code

Section 12.2.8 of the Denver Zoning Code establishes the

AMENDMENTS TO THE DESIGN

5. Downtown Area Plan Amendment recommends additional

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

How to Use This Document

Organization & Format Underlined Text in this Document: Underlined text

Application of the Standards and Guidelines: ILLUSTRATIONS IN THIS DOCUMENT

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

How to Use This Document

FLEXIBILITY FOR CREATIVE OR

The standards and guidelines are intended to present

Flexibility for designs that do not comply with

7. Example of a commercial use with a creative and innovative

How to Use This Document

Using the Design Standards and Guidelines

Chapter 1 | Site Organization

Chapter 2 | Building Mass & Scale

Chapter 3 | Facade Design & Site Design Details

Chapter 4 | Streetscape Design

Chapter 5 | Neighborhood Specific Design

Chapter 6 | Building Signs

PUBLIC REVIEW DRAFT

How to Use This Document

Sample Design Standards and Guidelines Format