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    Praveen Alapati
    The document describes the steps to generate assembly code from a C program. It provides an example C program that performs basic arithmetic operations. The steps are: 1) Preprocess the C program to replace macros with gcc -E and save to a .i file 2) Compile the preprocessed code to assembly with gcc -S and save to a .s file 3) Assemble the assembly code to an object file with as 4) Link the object file with gcc to create an executable Running the executable produces the expected output of the arithmetic operations.

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    Praveen Alapati
    41 views4 pages
    The document describes the steps to generate assembly code from a C program. It provides an example C program that performs basic arithmetic operations. The steps are: 1) Preprocess the C program to replace macros with gcc -E and save to a .i file 2) Compile the preprocessed code to assembly with gcc -S and save to a .s file 3) Assemble the assembly code to an object file with as 4) Link the object file with gcc to create an executable Running the executable produces the expected output of the arithmetic operations.

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    The document describes the steps to generate assembly code from a C program. It provides an example C program that performs basic arithmetic operations. The steps are: 1) Preprocess the C program to replace macros with gcc -E and save to a .i file 2) Compile the preprocessed code to assembly with gcc -S and save to a .s file 3) Assemble the assembly code to an object file with as 4) Link the object file with gcc to create an executable Running the executable produces the expected output of the arithmetic operations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    41 views4 pages

    Help

    Uploaded by

    Praveen Alapati
    The document describes the steps to generate assembly code from a C program. It provides an example C program that performs basic arithmetic operations. The steps are: 1) Preprocess the C program to replace macros with gcc -E and save to a .i file 2) Compile the preprocessed code to assembly with gcc -S and save to a .s file 3) Assemble the assembly code to an object file with as 4) Link the object file with gcc to create an executable Running the executable produces the expected output of the arithmetic operations.

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    ADD.

    int myadd(int a, int b)


    {
    return a+b;
    }

    SUB.c

    int mysub(int a, int b)


    {
    return a-b;
    }

    MUL.c

    int mymul(int a, int b)


    {
    return a*b;
    }

    AOP.c

    #include<stdio.h>
    int myadd(int, int);
    int mysub(int, int);
    int mymul(int, int);
    int main()
    {
    int A=100;
    int B=20;
    int R1=myadd(A,B);
    int R2=mysub(A,B);
    int R3=mymul(A,B);
    printf("R1=%d R2=%d R3=%d",R1,R2,R3);
    return 0;
    }

    > gcc -c ADD.c


    > gcc -c SUB.c
    > gcc -c MUL.c
    > gcc -c AOP.c

    After executing the above 4 commands, you will get the object files: ADD.o, SUB.o,
    MUL.o, AOP.o
    Once we have object files, then generate an executable file with the help of the
    following command
    > gcc AOP.o ADD.o SUB.o MUL.o -o myexe
    > ./myexe

    output: R1=120 R2=80 R3=2000


    Procedure to generate an assembly code for a given C program

    Suppose we have the following C-Program (Name: ​EG1.c​)

    #include<stdio.h>
    #define VAL1 100
    #define VAL2 20
    int main()
    {
    int A=VAL1;
    int B=VAL2;
    int R1=A+B;
    int R2=A-B;
    int R3=A*B;
    printf("R1=%d R2=%d R3=%d",R1,R2,R3);
    return 0;
    }

    Type the following command at the command prompt.


    Step1:
    >​ ​gcc -E EG1.c > EG1.i
    To see contents of the EG1.i file, just type the command
    >​ cat EG1.i
    ----- Expanded code of the header file​ stdio.h -​ ------

    At the end you will see the following statements. Here you could observe that VAL1
    and VAL2 are replaced with constant values.

    # 4 "EG1.c"
    int main()
    {
    int A=100;
    int B=20;
    int R1=A+B;
    int R2=A-B;
    int R3=A*B;
    printf("R1=%d R2=%d R3=%d",R1,R2,R3);
    return 0;
    }

    Step2:
    > ​gcc -S EG1.i > EG1.s

    We will get an assembly file for the given C code (EG1.c) and it is stored in the file
    EG1.s
    >​ cat EG1.s
    .file "EG1.c"
    .text
    .section .rodata
    .LC0:
    .string "R1=%d R2=%d R3=%d"
    .text
    .globl main
    .type main, @function
    main:
    .LFB0:
    .cfi_startproc
    endbr64
    pushq %rbp
    .cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
    .cfi_offset 6, -16
    movq %rsp, %rbp
    .cfi_def_cfa_register 6
    ​ subq $32, %rsp
    movl $100, -20(%rbp)
    movl $20, -16(%rbp)
    movl -20(%rbp), %edx
    movl -16(%rbp), %eax
    addl %edx, %eax
    movl %eax, -12(%rbp)
    movl -20(%rbp), %eax
    subl -16(%rbp), %eax
    movl %eax, -8(%rbp)
    movl -20(%rbp), %eax
    imull -16(%rbp), %eax
    movl %eax, -4(%rbp)
    movl -4(%rbp), %ecx
    movl -8(%rbp), %edx
    movl -12(%rbp), %eax
    movl %eax, %esi
    leaq .LC0(%rip), %rdi
    movl $0, %eax
    call printf@PLT
    movl $0, %eax
    leave
    .cfi_def_cfa 7, 8
    ret
    .cfi_endproc
    .LFE0:
    .size main, .-main
    .ident "GCC: (Ubuntu 9.3.0-10ubuntu2) 9.3.0"
    .section .note.GNU-stack,"",@progbits
    .section .note.gnu.property,"a"
    .align 8
    .long 1f - 0f
    .long 4f - 1f
    .long 5
    0:
    .string "GNU"
    1:
    .align 8
    .long 0xc0000002
    .long 3f - 2f
    2:
    .long 0x3
    3:
    .align 8
    4:

    Our area of interest is to know the purpose of the instructions with blue color font.

    Step3:
    Compile the assembly code with the help of assembler
    Just type the following command.
    > as EG1.s -o EG1.o

    It generates object file EG1.o

    Step4:
    To generate an executable file use the following command
    > gcc EG1.o -o myEG1exe

    Step5:
    > ./myEG1exe

    You will see the output


    R1=120 R2=80 R3=2000

    All the best

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