ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [1]

Class 10
Substitution Method
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Choose correct answer(s) from the given choices

(1) If a = 4√5 and 2a = √5x, then find the value of x.

a. 8 b. 11
c. 64 d. 15

(2) For the linear equations given below, find the value of x and y by solving the equations using the method of
substitution.

sx ty
+ = s −t
t s
sx − ty = 2st

a. x = t and y = −s b. x = s − t and y = s + t
c. x = s and y = s + t d. x = s 2 and y = s + t

(3) Use the method of substitution to solve the given linear equations.

3x + 4y = −23
2x − 5y = 69

a. x = 7 and y = −11 b. x = 7 and y = −10

c. x = −11 and y = 7 d. x = 8 and y = −11

(4) Solve the following system of linear equations for x and y by using the method of substitution.

7x + 2y = −114
6x − 3y = −60

a. x = −13 and y = −7 b. x = −14 and y = −7

c. x = −8 and y = −14 d. x = −14 and y = −8

(5) Use the method of substitution to solve the given linear equations.

6x − 2y = −14
5x − 7y = −65

a. x = 10 and y = 1 b. x = 1 and y = 10
c. x = 2 and y = 10 d. x = 2 and y = 11

Answer the questions

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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [2]
(6) Use the method of substitution to solve the given linear equations for x and y.

(c + d) x + (c − d) y = c2 − d2
(c − d) x + (c + d) y = c2 − d2

(7) Solve the following system of equations by the method of substitution.

(e + f) x + (e − f) y = e2 + f 2
(e − f) x + (e + f) y = e2 + f 2

(8) Solve the following system of linear equations for x and y by using the method of substitution.

(e + f) x + (e − f) y = e2 + f 2
(e − f) x + (e + f) y = e2 + f 2

(9) Use the method of substitution to solve the given linear equations for x and y.

(c − d) x + (c + d) y = c2 − d2
(c + d) x + (c − d) y = c2 − d2

(10) Use the method of substitution to solve the given linear equations for x and y.

(k − l) x + (k + l) y = k2 + l2
(k + l) x + (k − l) y = k2 + l2

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Class 10
Substitution Method
For more such worksheets visit www.edugain.com

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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [3]
(1) c. 64

Step 1
Here, we are given,
a = 4√5 … (1) and
2a = √5x … (2)
Step 2
Substituting the value of a in eq(2), we get,

2(4√5) = √5x
⟹ 8√5) = √5x
⟹ 8 = √x
⟹ x = (8)2
⟹ x = 64

Step 3
Hence, the value of x is 64.

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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [4]
(2) a. x = t and y = −s

Step 1
The given system of equations are

sx ty
+ = s − t … (i)
t s
sx − ty = 2st … (ii)

Step 2
Dividing eq(ii) by s , we get

ty
x− = 2t … (iii)
s
Now, Adding eq(iii) and eq(i), we have
sx
+x = s +t
t
s
⟹ x( + 1) = s + t
t
s +t
⟹ x( ) = s +t
t
(s + t)t
⟹x=
s +t
⟹x=t

Step 3
Let us now substitute the value of x in eq(iii), we get

ty
t− = 2t
s
ty
⟹ − =t
s
⟹ y = −s

Step 4
Hence, values of x and y are t and −s respectively.

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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [5]
(3) a. x = 7 and y = −11

Step 1
From the question

3x + 4y = −23 … (i)
2x − 5y = 69 … (ii)

From eq(ii), we get

2x − 5y = 69
⟹ 2x = 69 + 5y
69 + 5y
⟹x=
2

Step 2
Substituting the value of x in eq(i), we have

69 + 5y
3× + 4y = −23
2
3(69 + 5y)
⟹ + 4y = −23
2
207 + 15y
⟹ + 4y = −23
2
207 + 15y + 8y
⟹ = −23
2
⟹ 207 + 15y + 8y = −46
⟹ 23y = −253
⟹ y = −11

Step 3
Now, substituting the value of y to get the value of x, we get x = 7.

Step 4
Hence, the value of x is 7 and the value of y is −11.

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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [6]
(4) d. x = −14 and y = −8

Step 1
From the question

7x + 2y = −114 … (i)
6x − 3y = −60 … (ii)

From eq(ii), we get

6x − 3y = −60
⟹ 6x = −60 + 3y
−60 + 3y
⟹x=
6
−3(20 − y)
⟹x=
6
−(20 − y)
⟹x=
2

Step 2
Substituting the value of x in eq(i), we have

−(20 − y)
7× + 2y = −114
2
−7(20 − y)
⟹ + 2y = −114
2
−140 + 7y
⟹ + 2y = −114
2
−140 + 7y + 4y
⟹ = −114
2
⟹ − 140 + 7y + 4y = −228
⟹ 11y = −88
⟹ y = −8

Step 3
Now, substituting the value of y to get the value of x, we get x = −14.

Step 4
Hence, the value of x is −14 and the value of y is −8.

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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [7]
(5) b. x = 1 and y = 10

Step 1
From the question

6x − 2y = −14 … (i)
5x − 7y = −65 … (ii)

From eq(ii), we get

5x − 7y = −65
⟹ 5x = −65 + 7y
−65 + 7y
⟹x=
5

Step 2
Substituting the value of x in eq(i), we have

−65 + 7y
6× − 2y = −14
5
6(−65 + 7y)
⟹ − 2y = −14
5
−390 + 42y
⟹ − 2y = −14
5
−390 + 42y − 10y
⟹ = −14
5
⟹ − 390 + 42y − 10y = −70
⟹ 32y = 320
⟹ y = 10

Step 3
Now, substituting the value of y to get the value of x, we get x = 1.

Step 4
Hence, the value of x is 1 and the value of y is 10.

c2 − d2 c2 − d2
(6) x= and y =
2c 2c

Step 1
The given system of equations are

(c + d) x + (c − d) y = c2 − d2 … (i)
(c − d) x + (c + d) y = c2 − d2 … (ii)

From (ii), we get

(c2 − d2) (c − d)
y= − x … (iii)
(c + d) (c + d)

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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [8]
Step 2
Substituting the value of y in eq(i), we have

(c2 − d2) (c − d)
(c + d) x + (c − d)[ − x] = c2 − d2
(c + d) (c + d)
(c − d)(c2 − d2) (c − d)2
⟹ (c + d) x + − x = c2 − d2
(c + d) (c + d)
(c − d) 2 (c − d)(c2 − d2)
⟹ (c + d) x − x = (c2 − d2) −
(c + d) (c + d)
(c2 + d2 − 2cd) (c − d)(c2 − d2)
⟹ (c + d) x − x = (c2 − d2) −
(c + d) (c + d)
(c + d)2 − (c2 + d2 − 2cd) (c − d)
⟹ x = (c2 − d2)[1 − ]
(c + d) (c + d)
(c2 + d2 + 2cd) − (c2 + d2 − 2cd) c+d−c+d
⟹ x = (c2 − d2)[ ]
(c + d) (c + d)
(2cd + 2cd) d+d
⟹ x = (c2 − d2)[ ]
(c + d) (c + d)
4cd 2d
⟹ x = (c2 − d2)[ ]
(c + d) (c + d)
⟹ 2cx = (c2 − d2)
c2 − d2
⟹x=
2c

Step 3
Substituting the value of x in eq(iii), we have

(c2 − d2) (c − d) c2 − d2
y= − ×
(c + d) (c + d) 2c
(c − d )
2 2 (c − d)
⟹y= [1 − ]
(c + d) 2c
(c2 − d2) (2c − c + d)
⟹y= [ ]
(c + d) 2c
(c2 − d2) (c + d)
⟹y= [ ]
(c + d) 2c
c2 − d2
⟹y=
2c

Step 4
c2 − d2 c2 − d2
Hence, the value of x is and the value of y is .
2c 2c

e2 + f 2 e2 + f 2
(7) x= and y =
2e 2e

Step 1

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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [9]
The given system of equations are

(e + f) x + (e − f) y = e2 + f 2 … (i)
(e − f) x + (e + f) y = e2 + f 2 … (ii)

From (ii), we get

(e2 + f 2) (e − f)
y= − x … (iii)
(e + f) (e + f)

Step 2
Substituting the value of y in eq(i), we have

(e2 + f 2) (e − f)
(e + f) x + (e − f)[ − x] = e2 + f 2
(e + f) (e + f)
(e − f)(e2 + f 2) (e − f)2
⟹ (e + f) x + − x = e2 + f 2
(e + f) (e + f)
(e − f)2 (e − f)(e2 + f 2)
⟹ (e + f) x − x = (e2 + f 2) −
(e + f) (e + f)
(e + f − 2ef)
2 2 (e − f)(e2 + f 2)
⟹ (e + f) x − x = (e2 + f 2) −
(e + f) (e + f)
(e + f)2 − (e2 + f 2 − 2ef) (e − f)
⟹ x = (e2 + f 2)[1 − ]
(e + f) (e + f)
(e2 + f 2 + 2ef) − (e2 + f 2 − 2ef) e+f−e+f
⟹ x = (e2 + f 2)[ ]
(e + f) (e + f)
(2ef + 2ef) f+f
⟹ x = (e2 + f 2)[ ]
(e + f) (e + f)
4ef 2f
⟹ x = (e2 + f 2)[ ]
(e + f) (e + f)
⟹ 2ex = (e2 + f 2)
e2 + f 2
⟹x=
2e

Step 3
Substituting the value of x in eq(iii), we have

(e2 + f 2) (e − f) e2 + f 2
y= − ×
(e + f) (e + f) 2e
(e + f )
2 2 (e − f)
⟹y= [1 − ]
(e + f) 2e
(e2 + f 2) (2e − e + f)
⟹y= [ ]
(e + f) 2e
(e2 + f 2) (e + f)
⟹y= [ ]
(e + f) 2e
e2 + f 2
⟹y=
2e

Step 4
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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [10]
e2 + f 2 e2 + f 2
Hence, the value of x is and the value of y is .
2e 2e

e2 + f 2 e2 + f 2
(8) x= and y =
2e 2e

Step 1
The given system of equations are

(e + f) x + (e − f) y = e2 + f 2 … (i)
(e − f) x + (e + f) y = e2 + f 2 … (ii)

From (ii), we get

(e2 + f 2) (e − f)
y= − x … (iii)
(e + f) (e + f)

Step 2
Substituting the value of y in eq(i), we have

(e2 + f 2)
(e − f)
(e + f) x + (e − f)[ − x] = e2 + f 2
(e + f) (e + f)
(e − f)(e2 + f 2) (e − f)2
⟹ (e + f) x + − x = e2 + f 2
(e + f) (e + f)
(e − f)2 (e − f)(e2 + f 2)
⟹ (e + f) x − x = (e2 + f 2) −
(e + f) (e + f)
(e + f − 2ef)
2 2 (e − f)(e2 + f 2)
⟹ (e + f) x − x = (e2 + f 2) −
(e + f) (e + f)
(e + f)2 − (e2 + f 2 − 2ef) (e − f)
⟹ x = (e2 + f 2)[1 − ]
(e + f) (e + f)
(e2 + f 2 + 2ef) − (e2 + f 2 − 2ef) e+f−e+f
⟹ x = (e2 + f 2)[ ]
(e + f) (e + f)
(2ef + 2ef) f+f
⟹ x = (e2 + f 2)[ ]
(e + f) (e + f)
4ef 2f
⟹ x = (e2 + f 2)[ ]
(e + f) (e + f)
⟹ 2ex = (e2 + f 2)
e2 + f 2
⟹x=
2e

Step 3
Substituting the value of x in eq(iii), we have

( +
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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [11]
(e2 + f 2) (e − f) e2 + f 2
y= − ×
(e + f) (e + f) 2e
(e + f )
2 2 (e − f)
⟹y= [1 − ]
(e + f) 2e
(e2 + f 2) (2e − e + f)
⟹y= [ ]
(e + f) 2e
(e2 + f 2) (e + f)
⟹y= [ ]
(e + f) 2e
e2 + f 2
⟹y=
2e

Step 4
e2 + f 2 e2 + f 2
Hence, the value of x is and the value of y is .
2e 2e

c2 − d2 c2 − d2
(9) x= and y =
2c 2c

Step 1
The given system of equations are

(c − d) x + (c + d) y = c2 − d2 … (i)
(c + d) x + (c − d) y = c2 − d2 … (ii)

From (ii), we get

(c2 − d2) (c + d)
y= − x … (iii)
(c − d) (c − d)

Step 2
Substituting the value of y in eq(i), we have

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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [12]
(c2 − d2) (c + d)
(c − d) x + (c + d)[ − x] = c2 − d2
(c − d) (c − d)
(c + d)(c2 − d2) (c + d)2
⟹ (c − d) x + − x = c2 − d2
(c − d) (c − d)
(c + d) 2 (c + d)(c2 − d2)
⟹ (c − d) x − x = (c2 − d2) −
(c − d) (c − d)
(c2 + d2 + 2cd) (c + d)(c2 − d2)
⟹ (c − d) x − x = (c2 − d2) −
(c − d) (c − d)
(c − d)2 − (c2 + d2 + 2cd) (c + d)
⟹ x = (c2 − d2)[1 − ]
(c − d) (c − d)
(c2 + d2 − 2cd) − (c2 + d2 + 2cd) c−d−c−d
⟹ x = (c2 − d2)[ ]
(c − d) (c − d)
(−2cd − 2cd) −d − d
⟹ x = (c2 − d2)[ ]
(c − d) (c − d)
−4cd −2d
⟹ x = (c2 − d2)[ ]
(c − d) (c − d)
⟹ 2cx = (c2 − d2)
c2 − d2
⟹x=
2c

Step 3
Substituting the value of x in eq(iii), we have

(c2 − d2) (c + d) c2 − d2
y= − ×
(c − d) (c − d) 2c
(c − d )
2 2 (c + d)
⟹y= [1 − ]
(c − d) 2c
(c2 − d2) (2c − c − d)
⟹y= [ ]
(c − d) 2c
(c2 − d2) (c − d)
⟹y= [ ]
(c − d) 2c
c2 − d2
⟹y=
2c

Step 4
c2 − d2 c2 − d2
Hence, the value of x is and the value of y is .
2c 2c

k2 + l2 k2 + l2
(10) x = and y =
2k 2k

Step 1
The given system of equations are

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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [13]
(k − l) x + (k + l) y = k2 + l2 … (i)
(k + l) x + (k − l) y = k2 + l2 … (ii)

From (ii), we get

(k2 + l2) (k + l)
y= − x … (iii)
(k − l) (k − l)

Step 2
Substituting the value of y in eq(i), we have

(k2 + l2) (k + l)
(k − l) x + (k + l)[ − x] = k2 + l2
(k − l) (k − l)
(k + l)(k + l )
2 2 (k + l)2
⟹ (k − l) x + − x = k2 + l2
(k − l) (k − l)
(k + l)2 (k + l)(k2 + l2)
⟹ (k − l) x − x = (k2 + l2) −
(k − l) (k − l)
(k + l + 2kl)
2 2
2 2
(k + l)(k2 + l2)
⟹ (k − l) x − x = (k + l ) −
(k − l) (k − l)
(k − l) − (k + l + 2kl)
2 2 2 (k + l)
⟹ x = (k2 + l2)[1 − ]
(k − l) (k − l)
(k2 + l2 − 2kl) − (k2 + l2 + 2kl) k−l−k−l
⟹ x = (k2 + l2)[ ]
(k − l) (k − l)
(−2kl − 2kl) −l − l
⟹ x = (k2 + l2)[ ]
(k − l) (k − l)
−4kl −2l
⟹ x = (k2 + l2)[ ]
(k − l) (k − l)
⟹ 2kx = (k2 + l2)
k2 + l2
⟹x=
2k

Step 3
Substituting the value of x in eq(iii), we have

(k2 + l2) (k + l) k2 + l2
y= − ×
(k − l) (k − l) 2k
(k2 + l2) (k + l)
⟹y= [1 − ]
(k − l) 2k
(k2 + l2) (2k − k − l)
⟹y= [ ]
(k − l) 2k
(k2 + l2) (k − l)
⟹y= [ ]
(k − l) 2k
k2 + l2
⟹y=
2k

Step 4

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 ID : in-10-Substitution-Method [14]
k2 + l2 k2 + l2
Hence, the value of x is and the value of y is .
2k 2k

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