Reach The Goal Via Tajweed Rules: Teacher's Class Notes

Teacher’s Class Notes
Reach the Goal

Via Tajweed
Rules
Compiled by
`t{t etá{xw
Table of Contents
Introduction...................................................................................................................
........ 1
Tajweed.........................................................................................................................
........ 5 Benefits of learning
Tajweed .............................................................................................. 5 Rules of
Noon and Meem Mushaddad .................................................................................. 6

Alqalqala .......................................................................................................................
...... 7 The heavy and light
letters.................................................................................................... 8 Laam in the
exalted name of Allah ..................................................................................... 10
Ruling of RAA letter being heavy or
light........................................................................... 12 Rules of Noon Saakinah and
Tanween .............................................................................. 13 Izhaar
Halqy ....................................................................................................................... 14
Iqlaab ............................................................................................................................
..... 15
Idghaam .......................................................................................................................
....... 16 Ikhfaa
Haqiqi .................................................................................................................... 18
Chart for Rules of Noon saakin and
Tanween.................................................................... 20 How to pronounce each
rules ............................................................................................. 21 Rules of Meem
Saakin ....................................................................................................... 24 Ikhfaa
Shafawi .................................................................................................................... 24
Idghaam Mutamathelayn
Sagheer .................................................................................... 25 Izhaar
Shafawi .................................................................................................................... 25
Chart for Rules of Meem
Saakin......................................................................................... 26 Al-
Madd ............................................................................................................................
.. 27
Maddd
Tabee'...................................................................................................................... 28
Madd
Badal ....................................................................................................................... 29
Madd
Ewad .........................................................................................................................
29 Maddd Aridh
Lissukoon...................................................................................................... 30
Maddd
Leen ........................................................................................................................ 30
Madd Wajib
Mutassil ........................................................................................................ 31 Madd
Jae'z Munfasil...........................................................................................................
31 Madd
Laazim .................................................................................................................... 32
Madd Laazim Kalemee
Muthaqqal..................................................................................... 32
Madd Laazim Kalemee
Mukhaffaf..................................................................................... 33 Madd Laazim
Harfee Muthaqqal........................................................................................ 33 Madd
Laazim Harfee Mukhaffaf......................................................................................... 34
Chart for
Madd ................................................................................................................... 35
Stopping at the end of
words ............................................................................................. 36 The Qualities
of the letters.................................................................................................. 37
Permenant Qulities with
opposites ..................................................................................... 38 Al-Jahr and Al-
Hams ....................................................................................................... 38
Asheddah, Attawasut and
Arrakhawa ................................................................................ 39 Istifaal and
Iste'elaa........................................................................................................... 40 Al-
infetaah and Al-

Itbaaq ................................................................................................... 40 Al-Izlaaq
and Al-Ismaat...................................................................................................... 40
Permenant Qulities without
opposites ................................................................................ 41
Alqaqala ............................................................................................................................ 41
As-
Safeer............................................................................................................................
. 42 Al-
Leen .............................................................................................................................
.. 42 Al-
Inhiraf............................................................................................................................
. 42 At-
Takreer .........................................................................................................................
. 43 At-
Tafasshy .......................................................................................................................
.. 43
Istitaalah .......................................................................................................................
..... 43
Referances....................................................................................................................
....... 44
Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1st edition
Introduction
What is Tajweed?
The word Tajweed linguistically means ‘proficiency’ or ‘doing something well’. When
applied to the Qur’an, it means giving every letter of the Qur’an its rights and dues of
characteristics when we recite the Qur’an and observing the rules that apply to those
letters in different situations. We give the letters their rights by observing the essential
characteristics of each letter that never leave it. And we give them their dues by
observing the characteristics of each letter that are present in them some of the time
and not present at other times.
The Qur’an was revealed with Tajweed rules applied to it. In other words, when the
angel Jibreel ((AS)) recited the words of Allah to the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) he
recited them in a certain way and he showed the Prophet (SAW) the ways in which it
was permissible to recite the Qur’an. So it is upon us to observe those rules so that
we recite it in the way it was revealed.
History of Tajweed
At the time of the Prophet (SAW) there was no need for people to study Tajweed
because they talked with what is now known as Tajweed so it was natural for them.
When the Arabs started mixing with the non-Arabs as Islam spread, mistakes in
Qur’an recitation started appearing, so the scholars had to record the rules. Now,
because the everyday Arabic that Arabs speak has changed so much from the
Classical Arabic with which the Qur’an was revealed, even Arabs have to study
Tajweed.
The purpose of Tajweed

The Qur’an is the word of Allah, and its every syllable is from Allah. Its recitation must
be taken very seriously. The purpose of the Science of Tajweed in essence is to make
the reciter proficient in reciting the Qur’an, observing the correct pronunciation of every
letter with the rulings and characteristics which apply to each letter, without any
exaggeration or deficiency. And so through this the reciter can recite the Qur’an upon
the way of the Prophet pbuh. as he received it from Jibreel who received it from Allah
(SWT) in the Classical Arabic dialect that it came down in.
Arabic letters each have a Makhraj – an exit or articulation point - in the mouth or
throat from which they originate and they also each have Sifaat – attributes, or
characteristics - particular to them. Knowing the Makhraj and Sifaat of each letter is
an important part of Tajweed. Sometimes two letters have very similar exits which
makes mixing them up easy. So if a person does not know the attributes of each
letter there is a danger that he will change the meaning of the words in Qur’an
recitation. Observing the rules of Tajweed in reciting protects the reciter from making
mistakes in reciting the Qur’an.
The ruling of reading with Tajweed

Muhammad bin Al-Jazaree the great Qur’an and Hadeeth scholar of the 9th Century
(Hijri) says in his famous poem, detailing the rules of Tajweed: “And applying Tajweed
is an
1
issue of absolute necessity, whoever doesn’t apply Tajweed to the Qur’an, then a
sinner is he.”
So he regarded it as an obligation and he regarded leaving it as a sin. And the

majority of scholars agree that applying the Tajweed rules of Qur’an are an individual
obligation ( ) upon every Muslim who has memorized or read part of or all of the
Qur’an. That is because the Qur’an was revealed with the Tajweed rules applied to it
and the Prophet (SAW) recited it back to Jibreel in that way and the Companions of
the Prophet (SAW) read it in that way, so it is an established Sunnah.
The obligation of Tajweed
The proofs that the scholars bring to show the obligation of Tajweed is that
Allah says in the Qur’an,
∩⊆∪ ¸ξ‹Ï?ö s? tβ#u™ö à)ø9$# È≅Ïo?u‘uρ Ïµø‹n=tã ÷ŠÎ— ÷ρr&
The meaning of which is: ‘And recite the Qur’an (aloud) in a (slow and melodious)
style (tarteela)’ (Surah Muzzammil, Ayah 4)
Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA) said in the explanation of this aayah: “at-Tarteel is Tajweed
of the letters and knowing where to stop (correctly)”.[An-Nashr of Ibn Al-Jazaree
209:1]
And of the rights of reciting correctly is reciting it the way it was revealed.
There are various Ahadeeth also showing us the importance of Tajweed. Umm
Salamah was asked about the recitation of the Prophet (SAW) and she described it
as a recitation ‘clearly distinguished letter by letter’.[Tirmidhi]
Sa’eed bin Mansoor relates in his Sunan that a man was reciting the Qur’an to
Abdullah bin Mas’ood and he recited “Innamas sadaqaatu lil fuqara-i wal masaakeen”,
so Ibn mas’ood said: “This was not how the Messenger of Allah (SAW) recited it to
me!” So the man asked, “How did he read it to you oh Aba Abdir-Rahman?” So he
said “Lil Fuqaraaaa-i wal masaakeen”, he elongated the word Fuqaraa and the
knowledge of the different lengths of elongation (mudood) is also from the rules of
Tajweed.
Ibn al-Jazari (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: Whoever is able to read the
words of Allah with correct Arabic pronunciation but he deliberately pronounces it
incorrectly like a non-Arab, out of arrogance, stubbornness and complacency, or
because he is too proud to go to a scholar who could help him to correct his
pronunciation, is undoubtedly falling short and sinning and being dishonest. The
Messenger of Allaah (pbuh) said: “Religion is sincerity: to Allah, to His Book, to His
Messenger, and to the leaders of the Muslims and their common folk.”
It is not permissible for anyone to deliberately change any letter of it when he is

able to pronounce it correctly. This is a kind of mistake which is a sin. If a person finds
it difficult
2
to pronounce the letters correctly – such as people in whose language some of the
Arabic letters, such as ‫ ذ‬, ‫ ظ‬and ‫ خ‬do not exist – they have to try to learn the correct
pronunciation, but if they are unable to master it then they are excused, but their
example should not be followed, and they should be called upon to strive their hardest
to learn and correct their pronunciation. And none of them should lead the prayer,
unless he is leading others like him who cannot pronounce well either. (1)
Mistakes in Tajweed:-
The scholars have divided the types of mistakes one might fall into when reciting the
Qur’an into two types:
1.Clear mistakes and
2.Unobvious (hidden) mistakes.
The Clear mistakes must be avoided by all and to avoid them one must know the
rules of Tajweed. If a person falls into the Clear Mistakes, this is considered a sin and
Ibn Taymiyyah even regarded it undesirable for a Student of Knowledge (i.e.
someone who knows Tajweed) to pray behind a person who makes Clear Mistakes in
their Salaah. As for the Unobvious mistakes, then the ruling on them is lighter and the
recitation of a person falling into this type of mistake is regarded as lacking in
completeness and prayer behind such a person is sound.
Reciting the Qur’an melodiously
The Prophet (SAW) used to recite the Qur’an in slow, measured, rhythmic tones as
Allah had instructed him, not hurriedly, but rather “he would recite a surah in such slow
rhythmic tones that it would be longer than it would seem possible.”[Muslim, Muwatta]
He would stop at the end of each aayah [Abu Dawud]. He commanded people to
recite in a beautiful voice in a pleasant melodious tone. He said “Beautify the Qur’an
with your voices [for a fine voice increases the Qur’an in beauty]”[Bukhari] and he said
“He who does not recite the Qur’an in a pleasant tone is not of us.”[Abu Dawud]
Unfortunately all too often we find people reciting the Qur’an quickly and without
changing their tone and without any feeling. We should put all our efforts into reciting
the Qur’an with as much feeling as we can! Have you ever prayed behind an Imam
who read with feeling? Well the Prophet (SAW) said “Truly the one who has one of
the finest voices among the people for reciting the Qur’an is the one whom you think
fears Allah when you hear him recite.”[Daarimi, Tabaraani]
And once when the Prophet (SAW) complimented Abu Moosaa al-Ash’ari on the
beauty of his recitation, Abu Moosaa said “Had I known you were there, I would have
made my voice more pleasant and emotional for you.”[Bukhari, Muslim]
Let us remember, that the Qur’an is the word of Allah. In it we find exhortations,
warnings, glad-tidings, parables, stories of the past, commands and prohibitions.
Aayaat to make us think, reflect, cry, fear, hope, love, fall down in prostration! How
can we recite all of
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this without feeling!? When we recite an aayah of Qur’an we should imagine that we
are trying to feel and convey the full message behind that aayah. Perhaps some of us
don’t feel confident.
I believe that this lack of confidence comes partly from not knowing the rules of
Tajweed correctly and so fearing that we will make mistakes and partly from not
understanding the meaning of what we are reciting. So let us work hard to remove
these two obstacles by learning Tajweed and working towards learning Arabic.
Helpful Tips towards learning Tajweed
* You must find a Qur’an teacher who has studied Tajweed to listen to your recitation
and correct you. Tajweed cannot merely be learnt from books, because the
movements of your mouth as well as the sounds are important and only a teacher can
correct you and make sure you are applying the rules correctly. Qur’an recitation is a
science which was passed down generation by generation through teachers not just
books, with a direct line to the Prophet pbuh.
* Follow this book containing the rules of Tajweed and learn each rule little by little,
applying it as you go along with the help of your teacher. Following the charts will
make it even better to understand and remember the rules InshaaAllah.
* Listen to Qur’an tapes of reciters who recite very clearly (you can find that also at
www.reciter.org), at a medium or slow speed and notice them applying the different
rules of Tajweed. Repeat after them while trying to apply the rules you’ve learnt. Try
to copy their tone and melody as well and see how it changes as the meaning of what
they’re reciting changes.
* Apply the rules you learn to the Surahs you have already memorized and don’t save
any effort about reciting correctly. You might have to revise the surahs by looking
back at them.
* Practice and repetition will make perfect InshaaAllah: As Ibn al-Jazaree says in his
poem about acquiring Tajweed: ‘And there is no obstacle between it (learning
Tajweed) and leaving it, Except that a person must exercise his mouth with it!’
May Allah help us all to give His Book its right when we recite it and make reciting it
more beloved to our tongues than anything else. Aameen.
`t{t À etá{xw
4
Tajweed
The linguistic meaning of Tajweed is

(to beautify something).
The technical meaning of Tajweed is
(to give every letter its right with its description and its origination)
Benefits of learning Tajweed

The benefits of learning Tajweed are many as reflected in some
of the following Ahadeeth:
• The reciters of the Qur’an will be in the company of the noble and
obedient angels
‘Aa’ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, relates that the
Prophet (SAW) said: “Verily the one who recites the Qur’an
beautifully, smoothly, and precisely, he will be in the company
of the noble and obedient angels. And as for the one who
recites with difficulty, stammering or stumbling through its
verses, then he will have TWICE that reward.” [Al-Bukhari and
Muslim]
• You will be from the best of people
‘Uthmaan, may Allah be pleased with him, said that the
Prophet (SAW) said: “The best of you are the ones who learn
the Qur’an and teach it to others” [Al-Bukhari]
• There are ten rewards for each letter you recite from the Quran
“Whoever reads a letter from the Book of Allah, he will have a
reward. And that reward will be multiplied by ten. I am not
saying that “Alif, Laam, Meem” is a letter, rather I am saying
that “Alif” is a letter, “laam” is a letter and “meem” is a letter.”
[Tirmidhi states this is saheeh]
• The Qur’an will lead you to Paradise!
The Qur’an is an intercessor, something given permission to
intercede, and it is rightfully believed in. Whoever puts it in
front of him, it will lead him to Paradise; whoever puts it
behind him, it will steer him to the Hellfire.” [An authentic
hadith found in At
Tabaraanee, on the authority of ‘Abdullaah ibn Mas’ood]
5
Rules of Noon and Meem Mushaddad
• The way of pronouncing:
If a Meem or Noon is Mushaddad (that is, it has a shaddah sign on

it), the reader must do Ghunnah (or Nasal sound) of 2 (beats) on it.
Note: if the reader stops on a word ending with Noon or Meem

Mushaddad, the Gunnah for the Meem or Noon Mushadad still
have to be applied.
• Examples:-
zΟ¨Ψyγpg¿2 ÏπuŠÏ¹$¨Ζ9$$Î/ Ä¨$¨Ψ9$#
χãρu tIs9 ¨βr& !$¯ΡÎ) …çµ•Βé'sù
$¨Βr'sù !$¨Βr&uρ§Νtã
6
Al –Qalqalah
• The meaning of Qalqalah:
Means vibration, it is the vibration of sound at the end

of the pronunciation of a letter.
It can be stated as a state between a Saakin (letter with Sukoon

sign on it) and Mutaharrik (letter with Movement)
Note: Qalqalah is only pronounced when the letter is Saakin

(either the letter has the Sukoon sign or is assigned a sukoon
because of stopping).
• Letters of Qalqalah:
They are collected in the words [!" # $] OR [% & ' ( )]
• Examples:
Ædkysø9$#uρî‰ymr& x8u‘ô‰|¹ ‘,ptø:
$# ß‰yϑ¢Á9$# ΟßγyϑyèôÛr& ¡=s?uρ
y‰|¡ymç tIö/F{$#
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‫وف ا‬ letters Heavy. 1

-:‫ا‬
They are collected in the phrase

[‫ ]ظ ق ط غ ض ص خ‬OR[ ]
• The way of pronouncing a Heavy Letter:-
The heavy letters have the quality of Isti’laa 2 “rising high”.

Because while pronouncing them, a part of the tongue (mostly
the back part) rises up to the roof makes the letter sound heavy.
‫وف ا‬
letters Light. 2
-: ‫ا‬
All the letters other than the heavy letters and the temporary
heavy and light letters.
• The way of pronouncing Light Letters:
The Light Letters have the quality of Istifaal 3 “falling down”,

by lowering the tongue when pronouncing the light letter.
3. Alif Madd ‫ا أ‬
The quality of Alif Madd being heavy or light depends on the letter
preceding Alif Madd. If the letter before Alif Madd was light, so Alif
Madd should accordingly take a light sound. And if the letter before
Alif Madd was heavy, so Alif Madd should accordingly take a heavy
sound.
4. The Ghunnah for Ikhfaa Haqiqi
See page 23 from Rules of Noon Saakinah and Tanween.
2
See page 40 for more details about Isti’laa
3
See page 40 for more details about Istifaal
9
5. Rules for The Laam of The Exalted Name of Allah ‫م ا‬

‫ا‬
This is one of the temporary Qualities

a) If there is a Fatha or a Dhamma before the word of
Allah or Allahum, then laam in Allah will be heavy.
Example:
¢Οßγ¯=9$# (#θä9$s% §Νßγ¯=9$# š oΨ≈ysö6ß™
ª!$# u™!$t±o„ ª!$#uρ
b) If there is a kasrah before the word Allah, then the

Laam in Allah or Allahum will be light
Example:
¢Οßγ¯=9$# È≅è% «!$# Ç⎯ƒÏŠ ¬! «!$$Î/
c) If the reader starts reading with the name of Allah, then

Laam in Allah or Allahom will be heavy.
============================================
10
If the letter If the letter
before the name of Allah before the name of Allah
has fat hah or If reader starts has
Dhammah reading with the Kasrah
Laam ( ) in the name of Allah
Exalted name of Allah
Lamm in Allah should be Lamm in Allah

heavy should be light
11
4. Ruling of Raa’(‫( ر‬being HEAVY( ) or LIGHT( )

Depends on the
Harakah on Raa’ (‫( ر‬
ُ
ََ
ô
Light
Heavy Look at the
previous letter
ُ
ََ Hamzatul
Wassl
‫ و‬or ‫ ا‬Or
ô letter Yaa’ (‫)ى‬
Heavy
Light Light Heavy
Except for % 7πs%ö Ïù Because Heavy OR û©ÉëÅ_ö‘$#
the following letter (in the
same word) is heavy Light
#YŠ$|¹ó É∆ ÏŠ$|¹ö (#þθç/$s?ö‘$# ÇΠr& î ö
Heavy
Ïϑø9$$Î7s9
4©|Ós?ö‘$#”Ï%©!$# yz Ö ƒÏ‰s%
#YŠ$|¹ö‘Î)uρ <¨$sÛö Ï
5−ö Ïù $yϑßγ÷Ηxqö‘$# Éb>§‘
Look at the Harakah on

the previous letter
ُ
ََ
Light Heavy
Except for Exceptional cases like:-

u óÇÏΒ Ì ôÜÉ)ø9$#
Î ô£o„ / Î ó r'sù / Í‘ä‹çΡρu
Heavy OR 12
Light
The Rules of Noon Sakin and Tanween
• Noon Saakinah: is a Noon with no Harakah or with a Sukoon sign

on it.
Noon Saakinah
‫ ن‬ô‫ن ن‬.
• Tanween:- Is actually a noon Saakinah which comes at the end
of the nouns. It is pronounced but not written as Noon Saakinah.
Tanween
í>·
7 ¥ R × 7Y
Note: - Tanween only occurs at the end of nouns (except for two
verbs) whereas Noon Saakinah may occur anywhere in a word (in
the middle or at the End).
Rules of Noon Saakinah and Tanween4
• Izhar Halqi
• Idgham
• Iqlaab
• Ikhfaa’ Haqiqi
4
Please refer to the chart page 20 to be able to find the rule and apply it while reciting Quran
13
First: Izhaar Halqi
• Izhaar means “clear”
• Izhaar Letters: the throat letters
• The way of pronunciation :-
If a Noon Saakin or a Tanween is followed by any of the six

throat letters, The Noon Saakin or the Tanween is pronounced
clearly from its respective origination without Ghunnah.
• Examples on Noon Saakin ô‫ن‬
z©Åýz ô⎯yϑÏ9 öΝåκ÷]tã È≅÷δr&
ô⎯ÏΒ Äd“r& ô⎯ÏΒ |Môϑyè÷Ρr&
4‘sS÷Ζtƒ
• Examples on Tanween
í>·
}‘Ïδ íΟ≈n=y™ #sŒÎ) #´‰ö7tã $pκö
n=tæ>‹Í×tΒöθtƒ 7πy∞ÏÛ%s{>πt/É‹≈x.
ωÎ) îΠ$yèsÛ îπyèÏ±≈yz>‹Í×tΒöθtƒ
Note:- If the Tanween is followed by Hamzatul wassl( ) , the

reader is supposed to pronounce the noon in the Tanween like Noon
with Kasrah. Example:
” s)tGó¡çRùQ$# >‹×tΒöθtƒ
14
Second: Iqlaab
• Iqlaab means: - “to turn over”
• Iqlaab letters:- “ ”
• The way of pronunciation:-
If a Noon Saakin or Tanween is followed by “‫ ب‬,“it is converted into a

hidden Meen with separating between lips. And the reader should
make Ghunnah for 2 beats
• Examples on Noon Saakin

$uΖ÷Kt7/Ρ Ï
r'sù ‰÷èt/.⎯ÏΒ
zΟ¨Ψyγpg¿2¥‹Í×t ÏπuŠÏ¹$¨Ζ9$$Î/
Βöθtƒ $Jèx ó¡oΨs9
15
Third: Idghaam
• Idghaam means: -
“To mix” or to “put one thing into another”. It is the mixing or
entering of a Saakin letter into a Mutaharrik letter following it, so that
they became a single Mushaddad letter.
• Idghaam Letters:-
There are six letters of Idghaam which are collected in the word “‫“ ن‬
Note: the Noon Saakin or the Tanween and the Idgham letter have to
be in two different words, otherwise the reader is not Supposed to do
Idghaam. In this case it will be Izhaar Motlaq (
‫( ر إ‬and this case can be found only in 4 words in Quran
$u‹÷Ρ‘‰9$# Ö⎯≈uŠ÷Ψç/×β#uθ÷ΖÏ% ×β#uθ÷ΖÏ¹
• Types of Idghaam
1- Idghaam with Ghunnah
- The Letters for the Idghaam with Ghunnah: - "

" " " "“ " " OR " "
If the Noon Saakin or the Tanween is followed by any of these four

letters, the reader should make Idghaam with Ghunnah for 2 beats.
- The way of pronunciation:-
Skip the Noon or Tanween and Pronounce Ghunna with the

following letter for 2 beats
- Examples on Noon Saakin

ΝÍκÉ″!#u‘uρ ⎯ÏΒ¤‰|¡¨Β ⎯ÏiΒ ö≅yϑ÷ètƒ ⎯yϑsù
öΝä.y‰ƒÌ“¯Ρ ⎯n=sù
16
- Examples on Tanween
×πuΗ¿å$¯Ρ7‹Í×tΒöθtƒ 7‹Í×tΒöθtƒÒ>θè=è%
⎯ÏiΒ[™!#t“y_ Ÿωuρ #YŠö t/
2- Idghaam without Ghunnah
- The Letters for the Idghaam without Ghunnah: - " " " "
If the Noon Saakin or the Tanween is followed by any of these two

letters, there is no Ghunnah while making the Idghaam.
- The way of pronunciation:-

Skip the Noon or Tanween and Pronounce ‫ ل‬or ‫ ر‬without
Ghunna - Examples on Noon Saakin
óΟ©9 ⎦Í.s! öΝÍκÍh5§‘

⎯tã
- Examples on Tanween
ÒΟŠÏm§‘Ô∃ρâ™t t⎦⎫ÏΗs>≈yèù=Ïj9 Ö
s9 ø.ÏŒ
17
Fourth: Ikhfaa Haqiqi
• Ikhfaa maens:
“To hide”, It is the pronunciation Of Noon Saakina or Tanween In a way

so that the sound is between Idghaam and Izhaar.
• Letters of Ikhfaa:-
Any letter other than the lettes of Izhaar, Iqlaab or Idghaam letters.
If any letter other than the letters of Izhaar, Iqlaab or Idghaam letters
follows the Noon Saakin or Tanween, the Reader should hide the Noon
Saakin or Tanween. The reader is also required to make Ghunnah for
two beats.
• The Ghunnah for the Ikhfaa:-
1- Heavy Ghunnah
2- Light Ghunnah
First: The Heavy Ghunnah
If the Noon Saakina or the Tanween is followed by one of the heavy

letters ( ‫ ظ ق ط غ ض ص خ‬,(the Sound of Ghunnah should also be
heavy: -
4©xösÛ ã ÝàΖtƒ
⎯tΒ
×πyϑÍh‹s% Ò=çGä. $Y6ƒÌ
s% $\/#x‹tã
18
Second: The Light Ghunnah
If the Noon Saakin or the Tanween is followed by a light letter, the sound
of Ghunnah should be light.

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19
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Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1 edition
Izhaar Halqi each rule

Written As
• For Noon Saakin ‫ن‬ô Pronounced È≅÷δr& ô⎯ÏΒ
‫ن‬ô
• For Tanween
How to pronounce As
َ
· ‫ن‬ô+ · ‫ن‬ô
َ
#sŒÎ) #´‰ö7tã
í ‫ن‬ô
ُ + + 7πy∞ÏÛ%s{7>πt/É‹≈x.
Idgham with Ghunna
Pronounced
Written
8πuŠÏΒ%tnî‘$tΡ
• For Noon Saakin As As
1. Skip the ‫ن‬ ّ 7 . 8 ..

7πyϑ÷èÏoΡ ⎯ÏΒ
!# !"
ö≅yϑ÷ètƒ ⎯yϑsù ّ ¤‰|¡¨Β ⎯ÏiΒ
2. Put imaginary ( ) on the next 2. Put ( ) on the next letter + nasal ΝÍκÉ″!#u‘uρ ⎯ÏΒ
letter + nasal sound with the next sound with the next letter (2
letter (2 beats).
beats).
!#%$ 7‹Í×tΒöθtƒ×νθã_ãρ 8οy‰|

• For Tanween &! ¹÷σ•Β Ö‘$tΡ #’s+ö/r&uρ× ö yz
1. Change
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× …çνt tƒ #\ ø‹yz
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/ ' + ,'-. 1 230 45
َ
Y
ِ . 6 ,7 + 6
21
Idgham without Ghunna • ×
ُ 7
For Noon Saakin Skip the
َ
‫ن‬ Ikhfaa Haqiqi
• For Noon Saakin
• For Tanween
Change
Y
ِ Pronounced As
@8 @8 / ' " 7πuŠÅÊ#§‘ 7πt±ŠÏã ω
Written As
,A 7‹Í×tΒöθu‹sù
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çν#u™§‘ βr&
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Change ‫ ن‬hidden ‫ ن‬with nasal sound (2 beats)
Pronounced As Written As
Light Ghunnah • For Tanween Îh Ÿ° ⎯ÏΒ ã‡x Ζãƒ

79 % :; % +
Ì ÝàΖu‹ù=sù 9,t7sÛ ⎯tã
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Heavy Ghunnah
Change Change
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Change ×
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Y
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with nasal sound (2
beats) hidden ‫ ن‬with

hidden ‫ ن‬with nasal
nasal sound (2 beats)
22
Light Ghunnah Heavy Ghunnah Iqlaab

• For Noon Saakin ;F % @;2 $VϑŠÏKtƒ
E; % D # /%! + ’Îû ÒΟ≈yèôÛÎ) #sŒ
$y |¹ $y |¹
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J !
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Change sound (2 beats)

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23
The Rules of Meem Saakinah
• Meem Saakin: -
Is a Meem with no Harakah (‫( م‬or a Meem with a Sukoon
si
g
n
()
‫م‬ô
• Rules of Meem Saakin5: -
1- Ikhfaa Shafawi
2- Idghaam Mutamathelyne Sagheer
3- Izhaar Shafawi
First: Ikhfaa Shafawi
• Ikhfaa means:- “hide”, So it is the hiding of the origination of

Meem by not letting the two lips come in complete contact.
• Letters of Ikhfaa Shafawi
“‫”ب‬
• The way of pronounciation:-

If the Meem Sakin is followed by a “‫ ب‬,“the Meem is pronounced in a
way that the two lips do not come in complete contact. A ghunnah with
two beats is also done in this case
• Examples:-
öΝÎγÎ6/Ρx‹Î/ Οßγš/u‘ ¨βr'Î/ Λs>÷ètƒ A>#x‹yèÎ/ Νèδ÷
Åe³t7sù
5
Please refer to the chart page 31 to be able to find the rule and apply it while reciting Quran
24
Second :Idghaam Mutamathelyne Sagheer
Idgham means: -
“to mix” or to put on thing into another. It is the mixing or entering
of a saakin letter “‫“ م‬into a Mutaharrik letter “‫“ م‬following it.
• Letters of Idghaam Mutamathelyne Sagheer
“‫”م‬
• The way of pronounciation:-
If a Meem Saakin is followed by a “‫ م‬,“the second Meem is pronounced

with Ghunnah with two beats.
• Examples:-
tβθèOθãèö6¨Β Νåκ¨Ξr& 8ÝŠÏt’ΧΝÍκÉ″!#u‘uρ
ô⎯ÏiΒ ΝßγoΨtΒ#u™uρ
(6)
Third: Izhaar Shafawi
• Izhaar Shafawi means: - “clear” or clear Meem
• Letters of Izhaar Shafawi:- All the Letters other than “‫“م‬, ”‫“ب‬
If the Meem Saakinah is followed by any letter other than “‫ “م‬, ”‫ ب‬, “it
has to be pronounced clearly by making a complete contact of the two
lips.
• Examples:-
ö≅yèøgs† óΟs9r& š
χρâ™!#t ãƒ öΝèδ ⎯tã öΝèδ tβθèδ$y™ öΝÍκÍEŸξ|¹
6
When the Meem is followed by (‫( و‬or (‫ ف‬,(the Izhaar should be stronger and it is called “Izhaar
Shafawi Ashadd”
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Al-Madd
• Al-Madd means: Long.

Conventionally, it may be defined as to make the Madd letters long
under some conditions.
The way of pronunciation

Al-Madd can be prolonged from two to six beats depending
upon its kind.
Letters to have Madd
Leen letters 1. Alif saakinah “‫ “ا‬preceded by a

Fathah
1. Yaa “‫“ ى‬Saakin preceded by a letter
with a Fathah Example: οu‘$y∨Ït¿2
Example: ·÷ƒt è% 2. Waaoo Saakinah “‫ “ و‬preceded by a

Dhammah
2. Waaoo “‫“ و‬Saakin preceded by a
letter with a Fathah Example: íθã_
Example: ∃öθyz 3. Yaa Saakin “‫“ ى‬preceded by a
Huroof Maddiyyah Kasrah
Example: ö/ä3ãΨƒÏŠ
27
Types of Madd: -
• Madd Tabee’ee
• Madd Al-Badal
• Madd Ewadh
• Madd Aaridh Li-Ssukoon
• Madd Al-Leen
• Madd Waajib Muttasil
• Madd Jaa’ez Munfasil
• Madd Laazim !"
Madd Tabee’ee
Madd Tabee’ee means the natural Madd. The natural Madd is simply
one of the Madd letters ‫ ا‬or ‫ و‬or ‫ )ى‬Huroof maddeya ) not followed
by a Hamzah (‫( ء‬or a Saakin letter.
The natural Madd is prolonged two beats.
Example:-
;οu‘$y∨Ït¿2 ΝÎγ‹ÏΒö s? ¥Αθà2ù'¨Β
28
Madd Al-Badal
Madd Al-Badal can simply be defined as (every Hamza preceding a

Madd letter).
Madd Al-Badal, if not followed by a Saakin letter or Hamzah, is prolonged
only 2 beats.
Example:-
sπtƒFψ$# çν#u™u‘ $uΖÏG≈tƒ$t↔Î/
Madd ‘Ewadh
‘Ewadh means: compensation. Madd ‘Ewadh is the replacement of a
Tanween Fathah present at the end of a word while sopping at it, with
an Alif Madd (7).
Madd ‘Ewadh is prolonged two beats.
Example:-
$y |¹ #X ö∆r& $[sö7y™ [™!$tΒ $R/≡t è?
7
Except for Taa Marbuta “ ‫ ة‬.“ The Reader should stop on Taa Marbuta and pronounce it like Haa” ‫هـ‬
“ with Sukoon
29
Madd ‘Aridh Li-Ssukoon
Madd Aridh Li-Ssukoon means “temporary Madd for stopping ”. If a

Madd Tabee’ee is followed by a letter at the end of a word, which has
been made Saakin temporarily because the reader has to stop at the
word, the reader should prolong the Madd Tabee’ee to be Madd Aridh
Li-Ssukoon. Madd Aridh Li-Ssukoon can be prolonged 2,4 or 6 beats.
For the sake of simplicity, we will prolong it 4 beats..
Note: This Madd only exists if the reader stops on that word. If
the reader does not stop on it, it should be considered as a
Madd Tabee’ee (2 beats).
Examples:-
tβθä9u™!$|¡tFtƒ ß⎯≈oΗ÷q§ 9$# ÉΟ‹Ïàyèø9$# Ïµ‹Åzr&

9≅ŠÅd∨Å™
Madd Al-leen
Leen means “easy”.

The Leen letters:- A Waaoo (‫( و‬or Yaa’ (‫( ى‬Saakin preceded by a letter
with a Fathah.
When should we do this Madd?

If one of the Leen letters is followed by a letter at the end of a word, which
has been Saakin due to stop (8), the reader should prolong the Leen
letter. The reader can choose to prolong it 2,4 or 6 beats.
Example:-
É#ø‹¢Á9$#uρ ÏMø t7ø9$# ¤∃öθyz
8
If the reader will not stop, no Madd is applied.
30
Madd Waajib Muttasil

Waajib means “Mandatory” and the Muttasil means “Joined”.
If a Madd letter [ ‫ ا‬or ‫ و‬or ‫ [ ى‬is followed by a Hamzah (‫ ء‬,(which is

present in the same word, the reader should prolong it 4-5 beats.
Example:-
™!$yϑ¡¡9$# â™!$yϑ¡¡9$# u™!$x© y7Í×¯≈s9'ρé&
u™ü“(%Éùρ
Madd Jaa’ez Munfasil

!
Jaa’ez Means “permitted”. Munfasil means “Seperated”.
If a Madd Letter [ ‫ ا‬or ‫ و‬or ‫ [ ى‬present at the end of a word is followed by

a Hamzah (‫( ء‬which is present in the beginning of the next word, the
reader is supposed to prolong the Madd letter 4-5 beats which is Madd
Jaa’ez Munfasil9.
Examples:-
ωÎ) (#þθèWt7ù=tƒ ΟßγyϑyèôÛr& ü”Ï%©!$# uÙs)Ρr& ü“Ï
%©!$# çµ≈oΨø9t“Ρr& !$¯ΡÎ)
9
If the reader stops on a word that ends with Madd sign like ü“Ï%©!$#, the Madd will be
considered as Madd Tabee’ee (2 beats)
31
Madd Laazim
"#$
Types of Madd Laazim.
Madd Lazim Kalimee

‫زم آ‬ Madd Lazim Harfee ‫زم‬
Muthaqqal Mukhaffaf Muthaqqal Mukhaffaf

6 beats 6 beats
6 beats 6 beats
1- Madd Lazim Kalimee Muthaqqal

:-
If a Madd Letter is followed by a Mushaddad letter, the reader is

required to prolong the Madd letter.
It must be prolonged for 6 beats.
Example:-
3~ω!$|Ê èπ¨Β!$©Ü9$# èπ¨z!$¢Á9$#
32
2- Madd Laazim Kalimee Mukhaffaf

:-
If a Madd letter is followed by a Saakin letter, which is present in the
same word, the reader is required to prolong the Madd letter.
It Must also be prolonged no less than 6 beats.
Examples:- this is the only case in the Quran

z⎯≈t↔ø9
!#u™
3- Madd Laazim Harfee Muthaqqal

:-
If a Madd letter is followed by a Mushaddad letter, the reader is

required to prolong the Madd letter.
This Madd must be prolonged for 6 beats.
Examples:-
Pronounced as Written as
üÈýϑ!9# &* +, &- .( " % &'(%)

6 beats
ýϑ!9# + &- .( " % &'(%)

6 beats
$Ο!9# &- .( " % &'(%)

6 beats
33
4- Madd Laazim Harfee Mukhaffaf

:-
If a Madd letter is followed by a Saakin letter, both of them being present

in the same letter, the reader is required to prolong the Madd letter.
This Madd must be prolonged 6 beats.
Examples:-
Pronounced as Written as
(10
)
&* +, / & + +0 +1 &2 %3
üÈÿè‹γ!2
6 beats
üÈýϑ!9# &* +, &- .( " % &'(%)

6 beats
!9# + &- .( " % &'(%)

6 beats
$Ο!9# &- .( " % &'(%)

6 beats
10
The Madd in the letters ( ‫( ر هـ ط ى ح‬is Madd tabee’ee that has only 2 beats
34
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First: The Permanent Qualities With

Opposites
Types & Definitions
Hams Jahr
• Literally means concealment • Literally means to be apparent
• Technically means the • Technically means the

continuation of the breath when discontinuation of the breath when
pronouncing the letter due to pronouncing the letter due to
weakness in its origin, causing strength in its origin, causing it to
weakness in its reliance on its rely greatly on its makhraj
makhraj
• The following letters have this • The rest of the letters have this
quality: quality
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38
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Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1 edition
Isti’laa – the tongue or lips as if they are slipping

away.
• Literally means elevation.
• The following letters contain this
• Technically means the elevation of the
quality:
back tongue towards the roof of the
mouth when pronouncing a letter.
Istifaal –
• The letters that have this quality are:
• Literally means lowering or
dropping
• Technically means keeping the
Itbaaq – tongue lowered from the roof of the
mouth while pronouncing a letter. • All
letters besides the letters of Isti’laa
• Literally means adhesion have the quality of Istifaal.
• Technically means adhesion of the
tongue to the roof of the mouth while
pronouncing a letter.
Infitaah –
• The following letters contain this
quality: • Literally means separation
• Technically means keeping the tongue
• Note: these letters also have Isti’laa. separated from the roof of the mouth
while pronouncing a letter.
• All letters besides the letters of Itbaaq

contain the quality of Infitaah.
Idhlaq –
• Literally means fluency, purity in

speech
• Technically means the articulation of the
letters with utmost ease from the sides of Ismaat –
• Literally means desistance without which the letter will not be
• Technically means the articulation of articulated.
the letters with utmost strength and
stability from their makhraj, • All other letters contain this quality.
40
Second: The Permanent Qualities

Without Opposites
Types & definitions
1. Qalqalah
• Literally it means to echo
• Technically, it is a permanent quality that creates an echoing sound

or a slight vibration in the Makhraj.
This quality is found in the following 5 letters:

( )
There are 3 levels of Qalqala as regards to the strength of its pronunciation.
• Strongest: when making waqf (stopping) on a mushaddad

letter of Qalqala
• Strong: when making waqf on a sakin letter of qalqala
• Weak: when the sakin letter of qalqala is in the middle of a word
Ædkysø9$#uρî‰ymr& x8u‘ô‰|¹ ‘,ptø:
$# ß‰yϑ¢Á9$# ΟßγyϑyèôÛr& ¡=s?uρ
y‰|¡ymç tIö/F{$#
41
2. As-Safeer –
• Literally means the whistle
• Technically it is the natural occurrence of a whistle like sound

emitted while pronouncing the letters.
• The following letters contain this quality:
3. Al-Leen –
• Literally, it means softness
• Technically, it means the articulation of the letter from its makhraj

with a natural ease and softness present in the letter.
• The following letters have this quality:

• Waw sakinah ( ) with a fatha on the letter before it
• Yaa sakinah ( ) with a fathah on the letter before it.
4. Al-Inhiraf – !
• Literally it means to deviate.
• Technically it is the slight deviation of the tongue towards the

makhraj of raa while pronouncing laam and towards laam while
pronouncing raa.
• This quality is found in only the following two letters:

"
42
5. At-Takreer – # $
• Literally means repetition
• Technically means the trilling of the tongue while pronouncing a

letter that causes the letter to be pronounced more than once.
• This is found only in
Note: - Unlike other qualities, we must abstain from this quality

while pronouncing this letter.
6. At-Tafasshy – %&
• Literally means to spread around
• Technically, it is the spreading around of the sound of the letter in

the mouth while pronouncing it.
• This quality is found only in:
7. Istitaalah – '
• Literally means prolongation

• Technically, it is the prolongation of the sound throughout its
makhraj; from its beginning till the end (1.5 to 1.75 beat).
• This is found only in the status of Sukoon or Shaddah for the

letter:
43
References
1. “ ”, The Holy Quran .
2. Abdulwahid Hamid “Graded Steps in Quran Reading”MELS-Muslim Education

& literary services, Miami, FL. 2001.
3. Hassan Bin Salim, “
”, http://saaid.net/book/open.php?cat=2&book=98,
1994
4. Haroon R. Baqai, “let’s beautify our recitation”- 3 rd Edition, Faith Publication.
Reviewed by
WtÄ|t `twç
44
This Book,
This book teaches how to recite Quran the way it was

revealed for those who do know how to read Arabic text. It
goes gradually from the simplest rules of Tajweed that can
be applied on the short Surahs that most people know and
recite during Salah. The teacher can teach the rules step
by step and apply them on the way on each Surah starting
from Surah Annas “‫ “ س ا رة‬until the learners can get all
the rules on the way while they are reading from Quran.
May Allah teach us that which benefits us and may He

benefit us with what He taught us.
`t{t À etá{xw

Reach The Goal Via Tajweed Rules: Teacher's Class Notes

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Reach The Goal Via Tajweed Rules: Teacher's Class Notes

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What are the different types of permanent qualities without opposites mentioned in the document?

What are the different types of permanent qualities without opposites mentioned in the document?

What are the rules of Noon Saakinah and Tanween explained in the document?

What are the rules of Noon Saakinah and Tanween explained in the document?

Teacher’s Class Notes

Reach the Goal

........ 5 Benefits of learning

Tajweed .............................................................................................. 5 Rules of

Noon and Meem Mushaddad .................................................................................. 6

...... 7 The heavy and light

letters.................................................................................................... 8 Laam in the

exalted name of Allah ..................................................................................... 10

Ruling of RAA letter being heavy or

light........................................................................... 12 Rules of Noon Saakinah and

Tanween .............................................................................. 13 Izhaar

Chart for Rules of Noon saakin and

Tanween.................................................................... 20 How to pronounce each

rules ............................................................................................. 21 Rules of Meem

Saakin ....................................................................................................... 24 Ikhfaa

Sagheer .................................................................................... 25 Izhaar

Chart for Rules of Meem

Mutassil ........................................................................................................ 31 Madd

Madd Laazim Kalemee

Madd Laazim Kalemee

Mukhaffaf..................................................................................... 33 Madd Laazim

Harfee Muthaqqal........................................................................................ 33 Madd

Laazim Harfee Mukhaffaf......................................................................................... 34

Stopping at the end of

words ............................................................................................. 36 The Qualities

Permenant Qulities with

opposites ..................................................................................... 38 Al-Jahr and Al-

Asheddah, Attawasut and

Arrakhawa ................................................................................ 39 Istifaal and

infetaah and Al-

Permenant Qulities without

Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1st edition

The purpose of Tajweed

The ruling of reading with Tajweed

So he regarded it as an obligation and he regarded leaving it as a sin. And the

The obligation of Tajweed

It is not permissible for anyone to deliberately change any letter of it when he is

Reciting the Qur’an melodiously

Helpful Tips towards learning Tajweed

The linguistic meaning of Tajweed is

Benefits of learning Tajweed

Rules of Noon and Meem Mushaddad

• The way of pronouncing:

If a Meem or Noon is Mushaddad (that is, it has a shaddah sign on

Note: if the reader stops on a word ending with Noon or Meem

• The meaning of Qalqalah:

Means vibration, it is the vibration of sound at the end

It can be stated as a state between a Saakin (letter with Sukoon

Note: Qalqalah is only pronounced when the letter is Saakin

They are collected in the words [!" # $] OR [% & ' ( )]

$# ß‰yϑ¢Á9$# ΟßγyϑyèôÛr& ¡=s?uρ

Reach the goal via Tajweed rule 1st edition

‫وف ا‬ letters Heavy. 1

They are collected in the phrase

• The way of pronouncing a Heavy Letter:-