I.

Trắc nghiệm + Trả lời câu hỏi:

Unit 1: Computers and types of computer

1. Type of computer?

Mainframe, Laptop, Notebook, Handheld, PC, Minicomputer

2. What is mainframe?

+ is a type of computer.
+ large, powerful and expensive.
+ multi-user system-used by many people at the same time.

3. How many types of portable computer are there? What are they? Descibe each
type.
There are 4 types of portable computer.
They are:
+ Laptop: about the size of a small typewriter; more common now because
smaller and lighter portable are available.
+ Notebook: about the size of a piece of writing paper; the most common type
of portable.
+ Subnotebook: not quite as big as notebook; can fit into a jacket pocket.
+ Handheld or Palmtop: small enough to fit into the palm of one hand; not
easy to type with because of their size; often used as personal organizers.
4. What is the difference between a mainframe and a PC?

A PC is smaller, cheaper, and less powerful than a mainframe.

5. What are the main advantages of a computer?

- More information sources.

- More opportunities for cooperation and networking.
- Increased access to the information in the resource centre.
- Increased efficiency.
- More services.

Unit 2: Parts of a computer

1. Main parts of computer?

8 parts: Hard disk drive, Motherboard, Memory chip, Powerful supply, Processor,
Speaker, Expansion cards, Floppy drive

2. How to replace motherboard?

First, remove the old motherboard.

Then, add the processor.

Next, add the memory. Don't touch the contact.

After that, fit the new motherboard.

Finally, put it back together.

3. Write the instructions for virus-checking a disk.

First, put the disk into drive.

Then, start the virus checking program.

Next, select the drive to be checked.

Next, click the ‘Find’ button.

After that, don’t exist the program until the check is complete.

Finally, click ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ for checking another disk.

4. Write the instructions to format the disk.

First, put the disk into the drive.

Then, select OK to start formatting the disk.

Then, choose Format from the drop-down menu.

Next, choose the formatting options you require.

After that, click the Start button.

Finally, click the OK button when formatting is complete.

5. Why is CPU considered to be the “brain” of a computer?

The CPU is the central processing unit of the computer. It’s there that all the
calculations and comparison processes of the computer occur. This is why it is
called the “brain” of the computer.

6. How many ports are there in most computers? What are they? What do they
mean in Vietnamese?

There are 5 ports in most computers. They’re:

+ one keyboard port: cổng bàn phím

+ one video port: cổng video
+ two serial ports: cổng nối tiếp
+ one parallel port: cổng song song

Unit 3: Input devices

1. Definition of input devices (định nghĩa)?

Input devices enable data to go into the computer’s memory.

The most common input devices are the mouse and the keyboard.

2. Name the input devices that you know (at least six) + function of them?

+ Joystick: select from a menu.

+ Lightpen: draw pictures on to a computer screen.

+ Scanner: copy document.

+ Trackball: move the cursor rapidly.

+ Digital camera: produce photos without film.

+ Keyboard: input text.

+ Microphone: input sound.

+ Bar code reader: read the bar code.

3. Compare digital cameras and film cameras (so sánh)?

 + Digital cameras are more expensive than film cameras but the cost for each
picture is lower.
+ The quality of film camera pictures is much better than digital cameras.
+ Digital camera is easier to download the pictures than film camera.

4. Give further information about: a joystick, a trackball, a scanner and a lightpen.

- A joystick is another input device you can connect to a computer system.

The joystick is able to move in eight directions. Joysticks are mostly used n
computer games to control the way a picture on the screen moves.
Sometimes two joysticks are connected to a computer so two people can
play the games at the same time.
- A trackball works in exactly the same way as a mouse, except that the ball is
on top. The user rolls the ball around with her hand to operate it. If you use a
trackball, you don’t need any extra space on your desk to move it around
(like you do with a mouse). Trackballs are often used on small protable
computers and on some video game machines.
- Using a scanner, you can input printed drawing, photographs, or text directly
into a computer. A scanner works like a photocopier - a light is shown on the
material and the scanner detects the reflected light. You can use a scanner
with optical character recognition (OCR) software to input the scanned text
into a word processing package.
- A lightpen can be used to draw pictures directly on to a computer screen or
to reed the pattern on a barcode. A lightpen that can read barcodes detects
the difference between the light reflected from a black barcode line and its
lighter background.

5. What are the advantages and the disadvantages of a digital camera?

- Advantages:
+ don’t use film.
+ easy to download the pictures to a PC.
+ the cost for each picture is low (because there is no processing).
- Disadvantages:
+ expensive.
+ the quality of the pictures is low.
6. What are the advantages and the disadvantages of a film camera?

- Advantages:
+ cheap.
+ the quality of the pictures is high.
- Disadvantages:
+ the cost for each picture is high (because there are processing costs).
+ have to scan the pictures to transfer images to a PC.

Unit 4: Output devices

1. Definition of output devices?

Output devices enable us to extract the finished product from the system.

For example, the computer show the output on the monitor or prints the results
onto paper by means of a printer.

2. What is aperture grill pitch?

+ controls the space between the dots which make up the image.

+ the less space between the dots, the better the display.

3. Types of printers + compare?

There are 3 different types of printers: dot-matrix printers, inkjet printers, laser
printers.

+ Dot-matrix printers are the cheapest kind of printer but their print quality is low
and they are slow and noisy. They're cheap to run.

+ Inkjet printers are a bit more expensive than dot-matrix printers and their print
quality is better and they are quieter than dot-matrix printers. But inkjets are
relatively slow and also expensive to run. They're good choice for colour.

+ Laser printer give you the best quality of output. It prints faster than either of the
other two types of printer and it costs less to run than an inkjet. It's great for black
and white. Unfortunately, it's costs almost twice as much.
4. How many sections in a keyboard? Identify?

4 sections:

+ main keyboard: has a key for each letter of alphabet. It also has keys for the
digits 0 to 9, punctuation marks like commas and full stops and other common
symbols

+ function keys: above the main keyboard , includes the Escape key to the left and
the Print Screen, Scroll Lock and Break keys to the right. The function keys
labelled F1 to F12 don’t have fixed function.

+ editing keys: to the right of the main keyboard, this group includes keys which
insert and delete data. It also includes the cursor keys, also called the arrow keys.
These keys move the cursor around the screen.

+ numeric keys: to the far right of the main keyboard, has keys for the digits 0 to 9
and for common mathematical symbols like plus and minus . the keys are arranged
like the keys on an electronic calcutator.

5. What is output?

+ Text

+ Graphics

+ Audio

+ Video

6. What are the main criteria to choose a good monitor?

+ Screen size
+ Aperture grill pitch
+ Maximum resolution
+ Refresh rate
+ Safety standards
+ Power-saving feature
+ On-screen menu

7. List the main advantages and disadvantages of dot-matrix printers, inkjet and
laser printers

- Dot-matrix printers:
+ Advantages: cost cheap and cheap to run.
+ Disadvantages: low quality, slow and noisy.
- Inkjet:
+ Advantages: better quality, quiet and they’re a good choice for colour.
+ Disadvantages: relatively slow, cost a bit more and expensive to run.
- Laser printers:
+ Advantages: the best quality, fast, quiet, cost less to run than an inkjet and
they’re great for black and white.
+ Disadvantages: cost almost twice as much.

8. What are the four main sections of an extended keyboard (PC-compatible

keyboard)? How are they arranged on the keyboard?

+ main keyboard: arranged in the same order as a typewriter.

+ function keys: above the main keyboard.
+ numeric keys: to the far right of the main keyboard.
+ editing keys: to the right of the main keyboard.

9. How many sections are there in a PC-compatible keyboard? What are they?

There’re 5 sections:

+ Alphanumeric keys.(arranged in the same order as a typewriter)

+ Function keys.(used by various programs to instruct the PC to perform
specific tasks, such as Save, Copy, Cut paste, Help,….)
+ Numeric keypad.(set of numeric or editing keys. The Num Look key is used
to switch from numbers to editing functions )
+ Editing keys.(Cursor and other keys usually used within word processors to
page up and down in a long document or to edit text)
+ Special keys.(used to issue commands or to produce alternative characters in
keys combinations )

Unit 5: Storage devices

1. Type of storage devices + Advantages + Disadvantages?

- Floppy disk:

+ Advantages: cheap

+ Disadvantages: slow and has a limited capacity

- Fixed hard disk:

+ Advantages: fast and has large amounts of capacity.

+ Disadvantages: fixed inside the computer and can't use to transfer data.

- Removable hard disk:

+ Advantages: removable and has large amounts of capacity.

+ Disadvantages: expensive and do not all conform to one standard.

- CD-ROM disk:

+ Advantages: conform to a standard, removable and has a large amounts of

capacity and cheap.

+ Disadvantages: usually read-only, can't change the information and slow

compared to hard disks.

- Magneto-optical disk:

+ Advantages: removable and have a large capacity, can write data on them.

+ Disadvantages: expensive and do not conform to a standard.

- Magnetic tape:

+ Advantages: cheap and have a large capacity

+ Disadvantages: slow and do not allow random access.

2. Name 8 storage devices that you have learnt. Give the Vietnamese equivalence
of each device.
→ thực ra chỉ có 6 storage devices thôi nhé :D chắc đề bị sai đấy ←

- Floppy disk: đĩa mềm

 - Fixed hard disk: đĩa cứng cố định
- Removable hard disk: đĩa cứng có thể tháo rời
- CD-ROM disk: đĩa CD-ROM
- Magneto-optical disk: đĩa từ quang
- Magnetic tape: băng từ

3. What are storage devices?

An storage device is a hardware that can storage and transfer data.

Unit 6:

1. What are the advantages of a word processing over a traditional typewriter?

- If you make a mistake, you can change it.

- You can print multiple copies.
- In word processors, you can change the size, the colour, the style and the
alignment.
- The word processors are faster and easier to use than typewriters.
- Word processors help you improve your writing skills e.g vocabulary and
also spelling mistakes.

2. What are three basic steps of processing data?

- First, data is fed into the computer’s memory.

- Then, when the program is rn, the computer performs a set of instructions
and processes the data.
- Finally, we can see the result (the output) on the screen or in printed form.

Unit 7: Networks

1. What is a network? What is a LAN? What is a WAN?

+ A network is a simply two or more computers linked together to allow users

to share data files, software and hardware.
+ A network that is connected over a small area is called a local area network
(LAN).
+ A network that is connected over a large area is known as a wide area
network (WAN).
2. Types of network topologies?

4 types:

+ star topology

+ bus topology

+ ring topology

+ mesh topology

3. What is a good password?

+ be at least 6 characters long.

+ have a mixture of numbers and letters and symbols.

+ have a mixture of capital and small letters.

+ be easy to remember.

4. Describe the main types of topologies.

- A star topology has a server computer at the centre and a separate cable
connecting the server to each of the other computers in the network. The
central server controls the flow of data in the network. If the central server
fails, the whole network will fail.
- In a ring topology, each computer is connected to its neighbour in a circle.
The data flows in one direction round the ring. If a cable breaks or one of the
computers fails, the whole network will be affected.
- A bus topology has all the computers connected to a common cable. The
data travels in both directions along the cable. If a computer fails or we
remove one from the network, it won’t affect the other computers.

5. What is a client/server system?

- The main computers that provide a services on the network are called
servers.
- The other computers that use the services are called clients.

6. Why shouldn’t we use words in the dictionary or common names as passwords?

Because some hackers use special computer programs which automatically try all
the words and combination word in a computerized dictionary to try to discover or
crack other users’ passwords.

Unit 8: The Internet 1: Email and newsgroups

1. What should we do to protect your system from virus attack?

- Don’t open-email attachments from strangers

- Take care when downloading files from the Web.
- Remember to update your anti-virus software as often as possible, since new
viruses are being created all the time.

2. What are the possible methods to protect your valuable information from
computer hackers when you have the Internet connection?

The most common methods of protection are passwords for access control,
encryption and decryption systems, and firewalls.

3. What do we have to do to keep an e-mai secret when we send it in the Internet?

The only way to protect a message is to put it in a sort of ‘envelope’, that is, to
encode it with some foem of encryption. A system designed to send e-mail
privately is Pretty Good Privacy, a freeware program written by Phil Zimmerman.

Unit 9:

1. What are the three main types of computer crimes?

- Sabotage
- Theft of services
- Theft of property

2. List the abbreviations of all the terms you have learnt. What do they stand for?

- PC: Personal Computer

- RAM: Random Access Memory
- ROM: Read Only Memory
- CPU: Central Processing Unit
- OCR: Optical Character Recognition
 - LAN: Local Area Network
- WAN: Wide Area Network
- DES: Data Encryption Standard
- IDEA: International Data Encryption Algorithm
- SIMMS: Single In-line Memory Module(s)

3. What are ROM, SIMMS, Expansion slots, Cache memories?

- ROM contains all the instructions your computer needs to activate itself
when you switch on. Unlike RAM, its contents are retained when you switch
off.
- SIMMS are memory chips. The more you have, the more work you can do at
a time. Empty memory slots mean you can dd more memory.
- Expansion slots let you add features such as sound or modem to your
computer.
- Cache memory is a part of the memory store. It has extremely fast access.
It’s faster than normal RAM. It can speed up the computer.

II. Viết lại câu

1. Passive Voice: Active -> Passive (câu chủ động -> câu bị động)

Present simple: make -> is made

Present continuos: is making -> is being made

Present perfect: have/has made -> have/has been made

Future simple: will make -> will be made

Near future: is going to make -> is going to be made

Past simple: made -> was/were made

Past continuos: was/were making -> was/were being made

Past perfect: had made -> had been made

To infinitive: to make -> to be made

2. Advice (lời khuyên):

Let + sb + V

Advise + sb + to V

S + should + V

Why + don't/doesn't + sb + V?

If I was you, I'll + V

3. Compare sentence (câu so sánh):

- So sánh hơn:

+ tính từ ngắn: S1 + be + adj-er + than + S2.

+ tính từ dài: S1 + be + more + adj + than + S2.

- So sánh hơn nhất:

+ tính từ ngắn: S + be + the + adj-est.

+ tính từ dài: S + be + the + most + adj.

- So sánh ngang bằng:

S1 + be + as + adj + as + S2.

4. Time clause (mệnh đề thời gian):

- If + S + V + then + S + V.

If + S + V, S + will + V.

- After + S + V + then + S + V.

After + S + V, S + will + V.

- Before + S + V + then + S + V.

Before + S + V, S + will + V.

- As soon as + S + V + then + S + V.

As soon as + S + V, S + will + V.
- Once + S + V + then + S + V.

Once + S + V, S + will + V.

5.

Although + clause, clause

In spite of V-ing, clause

Despite of

In spite of the fact that + clause, clause

Example:

Although he is intelligent, he is lazy.

(Mặc dù anh ấy thông minh, anh ấy vẫn lười nhác.)

In spite of being intelligent, he is lazy.

In spite of the fact that he is intelligent, he is lazy.

6.

S + be + so + adj + that + clause.

It + be + such + a/an + adj + N + that + clause.

It + be + too + adj + (for sb) + to V.

Example:

That printer is so expensive that I can't buy.

->

That is such an expensive printer that i can't buy (it).

7. Câu điều kiện loại I:

If + S + V, S + will/won't + V.

(won't = will not)

8. Past simple tense:

- Form: S + V-ed.

- diễn tả hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ (vào 1 thời điểm xác định)

- Hint words: yesterday, ago, last, previously, in + time.

9. Past continuos tense:

- Form: S + was/were + V-ing.

- diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra trong quá khứ

- Hint words: while, as, during, ...

III. Bài tập dựng câu (sentences building) + viết lại câu (rewrite sentences):

1. Ink-jet printers / quiet / dot-printers.

-> Ink-jet printers are quieter than dot-printers.

2. Dot-matrix printers / cheap / printers.

-> Dot-matrix printers is the cheapest kind of printers.

3. Ink-jet printers / not real competition / laser printers.

-> Ink-jet printers aren't as really competitive as laser printers.

4. Which printer / offer / highest / output quality.

-> Which printer offers the highest output quality?

5. Laser printers / expensive / ink-jet printers.

-> Laser printers are more expensive than ink-jet printers.

6. Dot-matrix printers / use / pins / print / dots / required / shape / character.

-> Dot-matrix printers yse pins to print dots required to shape character.

7. Laser printers / produce / output / great speed.

-> Laser printers produce the output at great speed.

8. One / the reasons / notebook / portables / popular / because / screen / and
keyboards / just bit / to use / comfortably / word processing.

-> One of the reasons why notebook portables are popular because screens and
keyboards are just bit enough to use comfortably in word processing.

9. If / you / input / wrong / password / not get / access / network.

-> If you input the wrong password, you won't get access to the network.

10. It / be / difficult / decrypt / ciphertext / such way / that / encrypted message /

understood.

-> It's difficult to decrypt ciphertext in a such way that encrypted mesage can be
understood.

11. Extensively using / public media / transferring sensitive data / be / really

challenging.

-> Extensively using the public media for transferring sensitive data is really
challenging.

12. It / be / neccessary / verify / identity / message originator.

-> It's neccessary to verify identity of the message originator.

13. Encoding / be / process / involve / encryption techniques.

-> Encoding is process to involve the encryption techniques.

14. You have to put the keyboard directly in front of you.

-> The keyboard has to be put directly in front of you.

15. You should keep your floppy disks from the excessive heat and the sun.

-> Your floppy disks should be kept from the excessive heat and the sun.

16. Dot-matrix printers are not as expensive as laser printers.

-> Laser printers are more expensive than dot-matrix printers.

17. You can increase the speed of your computer by adding more memory.
-> You will increase the speed of your computer if you add more memory.

18. "Tom 3" is too short to be an e-mail address.

-> "Tom 3" isn't long enough to be an e-mail address.

19. You can decrypt a message encrypted with a private key with the matching
public key.

-> A message encrypted with a private key can be decrypted with the matching
public key.

20. The Internet has changed the way people communicate.

-> The way people communicate has been changed by the Internet.

21. People made a lot of progress in the world of computing at the end of the 20th
century.

-> A lot of progress was made in the world of computing at the end of the 20th
century.

22. We use a word processing program or word processor for creating and editing
text document.

-> A word processing program or word processor is used for creating and editing
text document.

23. You can access the program facilities by using the menu bar.

-> The program facilities can be accessed by using the menu bar.

24. You can use spell checkers to compare words in the program's dictionary.

-> Spell checkers can be used to compared words in the program's dictionary.

25. The spell checker sometimes suggests possible correct spellings.

-> Possible correct spellings are sometimes suggested by yhe spell checker.

26. Many word processors include grammar checkers.

-> Grammar checkers are included by many word processors.

27. We can transfer data from one computer to another by using floppy disk.

-> Data can be transfered from one computer to another by using floppy disk.

28. CD-ROM disks have larger capacity than floppy disks.

-> Floppy disks have smaller capacity than CD-ROM disks.

29. There's a power-cut, so may be you will lose all your data.

-> If there is power-cut, you'll lose all your data.

30. title bar / top / screen / show / program / you / using / name / file / .

-> The title bar on the top of the screen shows program you're using and the name
of the file.

31. standard toolbar / contain / button / most / commonly / used / commands /

Open document / Print / Spell-check / .

-> The standard toolbar contains button (which is) most commonly used
commands such as Open document, Print and Spell-check.

32. you / use / formatting toolbar / alter / font / style / letter-bold / italic / or
underlined / .

-> You use formatting toolbar to alter font or style of letter-bold or italic or
underlined.

33. bar / bottom / screen / show / more information / document / you / working / .

-> The bar on the bottom of the screen shows more information about the
document which you're working with.

34. motherboard / usually / empty / electronic / connectors / called / expansion

slots / .

-> Motherboard has usually empty electronic connectors which are called
expansion slots.

35. variety / input devices / be connected / computer / allow / user / input /

different / kinds / data / and / control / computer / different ways / .
-> A variety of input devices is connected into computer to allow user to input
different kinds of data and control computer in diferrent ways.

36. keeping / your favorite band / finding / about / concerts / or / simply /

organizing / on-line meeting / easy / web / .

-> Keeping up with your favorite band and finding about concerts or simply
organizing on-line meeting is easy on the web.

37. hard disks / fast / and / store / large / amount / data / they / fixed / the
computer / .

→ Hard disks are fast and storage large amount of data but they're fixed in the
computer.

38. Unless you press Print Screen, you won’t copy the screen.

→ If you press Print Screen, you’ll copy the screen.

39. If I were you, I would put your monitor far away from your eyes.

→ Why don’t you put your monitor far away from your eyes.

40. That printer is so expensive that I can’t buy it.

→ That is such an expensive printer that I can’t buy it.

41. My sister has just sent me an email letter.

→ I have just been received an email letter from my sister.

42. I can’t access the Internet today although I have tried my best to do it.

→ In spite of having tried my best, I can’t access the Internet today.

43. External devices / be / connected / port / the back / computer / .

→ External devices are connected to the port at the back of computer.

44. mouse port / keyboard port / look / exactly / same / but / they / have / labels /
avoid / confusion / .

→ The mouse port and the keyboard port look exactly the same but they have
labels to avoid confusion.

45. joysticks / mostly used / computer games / control / way / picture / the screen
move / .

→ Joysticks are mostly used in computer games to control the way of the picture
on the screen move.

46. using / scanner / you / input / printed drawing , photographs / text / directly / a
computer / .

→ By using a scanner, you can input te printed drawing, photographs to text

directly to a computer.

57. You / destroy / data / you / place / floppy disk / magnet / .

→ You can destroy data that you have place on floppy disk with a magnet.

Hoặc:

You’ll destroy data if you place floppy disk near a magnet.

1. How many types of portable computer are there? What are they?
Describle each types?
(có bao nhiêu loại máy tính xách tay? Là những loại nào? Miêu tả từng
loại)
 Answer: 4 types, they are:

Size (about the size of a…) Commonality

(Kích cỡ) (Độ phổ biến)
Small typewriter Less common now
Laptop
(máy đánh chữ cỡ nhỏ)
Piece of writing paper The most common type of
Notebook
(tập giấy A4) portable
Smaller than Notebook Less common than Notebook
Subnotebook Fit into a jacket pocket (đoán thế :v cứ “sub” thì nhỏ
(bỏ vừa túi áo khoác) hơn, ít hơn)
 Fit into the palm of 1 hand Used as personal organizers
Handheld or Palmtop (vừa lòng bàn tay, giống Tân (cá nhân sử dụng)
từ điển ấy)

2. What is the different between a mainframe and a PC?

(khác nhau giữa máy trạm và máy tính cá nhân)
 Answer:

Mainframe PC (personal computer)

Large, expensive, powerful Smaller, cheaper, less powerful
(to lớn, đắt tiền, khỏe vcl) (nhỏ, rẻ, yếu hơn)
Multi-user at the same time Only 1 user
(nhiều người dùng cùng lúc) (1 người dùng thôi)
Process large amount of data The most common type of
(xử lý lượng dữ liệu cực lớn) computer
(máy tính cố định phổ biến nhất)
Supercomputers: the most
powerful mainframes (kiểu
superman :v)

3. Write the introductions for virus-checking a disk

(hướng dẫn kiểm tra virus trên đĩa)
 Answer:
- Put the disk into the drive (cho đĩa vào ổ)
- Start the virus checking program (bật JAV lên)
- Select the drive to be checked (chọn ổ đĩa cần kiểm tra)
- Click the “find” button (ấn nút “find” – chỗ này đáng lẽ phải là
“scan”)
 - Don’t exit the program until it’s complete (không thoát JAV cho tới
khi quét xong)
- Select “Yes” or “No” for checking another disk (nó hỏi có muốn quét
đĩa khác ko)

4. Write the instruction to format a disk

(hướng dẫn format đĩa) - đếu biết dịch format như nào cho hay :v
 Answer:
- Put the disk into the drive (cho đĩa vào ổ)
- Choose “Format” from the drop-down menu (chọn nút format trong
menu sổ xuống)
- Choose the formatting options you require (chọn các tùy chọn bạn yêu
cầu)
- Click the “Start” button (ấn nút start)
- Select “OK” to start formatting the disk (ấn OK để bắt đầu format
đĩa)
- Click the “OK” button when formatting is complete (ấn ok sau khi đã
format xong)

5. Name the input devices that u know (at least six).

Give the futher information about: a joystick, a trackerball and a
scanner
(kể tên các loại input device bạn biết – ít nhất 6
Cung cấp thêm thông tin về: joystick, trackerball và scanner)
 Answer:
 Name: joystick, trackerball, scanner, mouse, keyboard, microphone,
digital camera, lightpen,…
(cái này đéo cần nhớ nhiều, nó cho sẵn tên 3 cái rồi thì phang vào,
thêm chuột + bàn phím + mic là đủ 6  done)

- Joystick:
o Able to move in 8 directions (có thể di chuyển 8 hướng)
o Mostly used in computer game (hay dùng để chơi game trên
máy tính)
- Tracker ball:
o Works the same way as a mouse, except that the ball is on top
(làm việc giống như chuột, chỉ khác quả bóng ở phía trên)
o Roll the ball around by hand to operate it
(cuộn quả bóng bằng tay để điều khiển)
- Scanner:
o U can input printed drawing, photographs or text directly into a
computer
(bạn có thể đưa tranh vẽ, ảnh hoặc văn bản trực tiếp vào máy
tính)
o Work like a photocopier (làm việc như máy photo)

6. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a digital camera?

(Lợi thế và bất lợi của máy ảnh kỹ thuật số)
 Answer:
- Advantages:
 o Use memory card instead of film (dùng thẻ nhớ thay cho các
cuộn film)
o The cost of each picture is low (chi phí cho ảnh thấp)
o Easy to download the pictures (dễ dàng tải ảnh vào máy tính)
- Disadvantages:
o More expensive than film cameras (giá thành đắt hơn máy ảnh
dùng film)

7. What are the advantages and disadvantage of a film camera?

(Lợi thế và bất lợi của máy ảnh ảnh dùng film)
 Answer:
- Advantages:
o Film camera are cheap (giá thành rẻ)
o The quality of film camera pictures is much better than digital
camera
(chất lượng ảnh tốt hơn máy ảnh kỹ thuật số)
- Disadvantages:
o Each picture cost a lot because there are processing costs
(chi phí cho ảnh cao vì phải xử lý ảnh)
o The picture have to be scanned to transfer images to a PC
(ảnh cần được quét để đưa vào máy tính)

8. What are the main criteria to choose a good monitor?

(các tiêu chí để chọn 1 màn hình tốt)
 Answer:
- Price (giá thành)
 - Screen size (kích thước)
- Aperture grill pitch (chân nến khẩu độ - wtf is this?)
- Maximum resolution (độ phân giải)
- Refresh rate (tần số làm tươi màn hình)
- Safety standards (tiêu chuẩn an toàn)
- Power-saving feature (tính năng tiết kiệm năng lượng)
- On-screen menu (cái này đéo hiểu dịch sao =]] )
9. List the main advantages and disadvantages of Dot-matrix printers,
Inkjet and Lazer printers
(liệt kê lợi thế và bất lợi của 3 loại máy in)
 Answer:

Advantages Disadvantages
The cheapest kind of printer (loại rẻ nhất) Low print quality
Dot-matrix
Cheap to run (vận hành rẻ) (chất lượng in thấp)
(máy in mực)
Slow, noisy (chậm, ồn)
Better quality (chất lượng in tốt hơn) Relatively slow (tốc độ in chậm)
Inkjet
Queiter operation (vận hành êm hơn) Expensive to run (giá in đắt)
(máy in kim)
Good choose for colour (in màu tốt)
Best quality (chất lượng tốt cmn nhất) Cost almost twice as much
Prints faster (tốc độ in nhanh) (giá thành đắt gấp đôi 2 loại kia)
Lazer Cost less to run than an Inkjet
(máy in lazer) (giá in rẻ hơn Inkjet)
Great for black and white
(in đen trắng khá tốt – wtf? 😐 )

Giờ nhớ thế này:

a. Dot-matrix: D Noise
D I L
b. Inkjet: I
Cost
c. Lazer: L L I D

D I L Quality

Bad Good
D I L Speed

I L D Run cost
10.What are the 4 main sections of an extended keyboard? (4 phần chính
của bàn phím?)

How are they arranged on the keyboard? (vị trí từng phần trên bàn phím)
 Answer:
11.4 main sections:
a. Main keyboard
b. Function keys: above the main keyboard
c. Editing keys: to the right of main keyboard
d. Numeric keypad: to the far right of main keyboard

12.Name 8 storage devices that u have learnt. (kể tên 8 thiết bị lưu trữ và
nghĩa TV)
Give the Vietnamese equivalence of each device
 Answer:
13.Floppy disk: đĩa mềm
14.Fixed hard disk: đĩa cứng cố định
15.Removable hard disk: đĩa cứng có thể tháo rời
16.CD_ROM disk: đĩa CD_ROM
17.Magneto-optical disk: đĩa quang
18.Magnetic tape: băng từ

19. What are the advantage of floppy disks and hard disks? (lợi thế của đĩa
mềm, đĩa cứng)
 Answer:
20.The floppy disk:
a. Conform to a standard (phù hợp tiêu chuẩn)
b. Use to carry data
 c. Very cheap
21.The hard disk:
a. Fast
b. Can store much greater mounts of data than floppies

22.What are the advantages of removable hards disk and CD_ROM disks?
 Answer:
23.Removable hard disks:
a. Fast
b. Have high capicities (sức chứa cao)
24.CD_ROM disk:
a. Very common
b. Conform to a standard (phù hợp tiêu chuẩn)
c. Removable
d. Can hold quite large amounts of data (có thể chứa 1 lượng lớn dữ
liệu)
e. Cheap
25.What are the advantages of Magneto-optical disks and magnetic tape?
 Answer:
26.Magneto-optical disks (đĩa từ quang)
a. Removable
b. Large capacities (sức chứa lớn)
c. Last for a long time
d. U can write data on them
27.Magnetic tape (băng từ)
a. Medium cheap
b. Use to store very large amounts of data
28.What is a Network? What is LAN? What is WAN?
 Answer:
29.Network:
a. 2 or more computer linked together
b. Allow users to share not only data files, software applications, but
also hardware like printers and other computer resources
30.A network is connected over a small area call LAN (Local area network)
31.A netwrok is connected over a large area call WAN (Wide area network)
32.Describe the main types of topologies?
 Answer:
33.A star topology:
(mạng hình sao – 1 máy chủ kết nối tới nhiều máy điều khiển lưu
lượng dữ liệu)
a. Has a server computer at the center
b. A separate cable connecting the server to each of the other computers
in the network
c. The central computer control the flow of data in the network
34.A ring topology:
(mạng dạng vòng: mạng hình tròn, dữ liệu truyền đi qua từng máy
trạm cho tới đích)
a. Each computer is connected to its neighbour in a circle
b. The data flow in one direction round the ring
35.A bus topology
(mạng dạng tuyến – các máy tính kết nối vào 1 đường cáp chính)
a. Has all the computers connected to a common cable
b. The data travels in both directions along the cable
36.What is the main rules to make a good password?
 Answer:
37.Password should:
a. Be at least 6 characters long (tối thiểu 6 ký tự)
b. Have a mixture of numbers and letters (có cả số và chữ)
c. Have a mixture of capital and small letters (chữ hoa + chữ thường)
d. Be easy to remember (dễ nhớ)
38.Password shoundn’t
a. Be a word from a dictionary
b. Be a common name
c. Include spaces, hyphens, dots or symbols with special meaning in
computering
39.What should we do to protect our system from virus attack?
 Answer:
40.Shouldn’t open-email attachments from strangers and take care when
downloading file from web (ko mở email từ người lạ, cẩn thận khi tải gì đó
từ web)
41.Remmeber also to update your AV software as often as possible

42.What are the possible method to protect your valuable information

from computer hackers when u have the internet connection?
(phương thức có thể bảo vệ thông tin quan trọng khỏi hacker)
 Answer:
43.U should set all security alerts to high on your Web browser (bật cảnh báo
an toàn)
44.Netscape communication and internet explorer display a lock when the web
page is secure and allow u to disable or delete “cookies”
45.If u use online bank services, make sure your bank use digital certificates. A
popular security standard is SET (secure electronic transactions)

46.Why is CPU considered to be the “brain” of a computer?

(tại sao CPU được coi là bộ não của máy tính?)
 Answer:
47.Because its function is to execute program instructions and coordinate the
activities of all the other units
(chức năng của nó là thực hiện các chương trình và điều phối –
coordinate - các hoạt động của tất cả các đơn vị khác trong máy tính.
48.What are three basic steps of processing data? (3 bước cơ bản xử lý dữ
liệu)
 Answer:
49.First, data is fed into the computer’s memory (fed into – đưa vào)
50.Then, when the program is run, the computer performs a set of instructions
and processes the data (máy tính thực hiện các hướng dẫn và xử lý dữ liệu)
51.Finally, we can see the results (the output) on the screen or in printed form

52. What are the 3 main types of computer crimes? (3 loại tội phạm máy
tính)
 Answer:
53.Hackers break into computer systems just for fun
54.Hackers steal information
55.Hackers propagate viruses (lan truyền virus)

56.What are the main advantages of a computer? (lợi ích của máy tính –
nhiều vl)
 Answer:
57.Process, store, display data on the screen or printed form
58.It can work exactly, rarely make a mistake
59.With the internet connection, u can communicate with anyone far away
quickly and cheaply
60.Study many subjects without going out
61.Entertain by watching films, playing game,…
62.What is a client/server system? (hệ thống khách hàng - máy chủ)
 Answer:
63.Client:
a. This is the desktop computer or notebook computer on your desk. It’s
linked to the server and can access file and application on it
64.Server:
a. Most network have at least 1 central computer which all the desktop
computers connect to
b. This is the most important computer on your net work
c. It stores the data file and application software programs that the users
need to access or share with others

65.Why shouldn’t we use words in the dictionary or common names as

password?
 Answer:
66.Because hackers can use special computer programs which automatically try
all the works and combination word in a computerized dictionary to try to
discover or crack other user’s passwords (combination – kết hợp)
67.What do we have to do to keep an e-mail secret when we send it on the
internet?
 Answer:
68.We have to put e-mail in a sort of “envelope”, that is, to encode it with some
form of encryption. A system designed to send e-mail privately is Pretty
Good Privacy
69.Same as number 17
 70.What are the advantages of a word processing over a traditional
typewriter?
 Answer:
71.We can use word processing package in the computer instead of a typewriter
to process data (lấy dữ liệu có sẵn để xử lý thay vì phải gõ lại bằng tay)
72.It can be considered (được coi là) as a magical type writer, it allows to store,
process data, display output on the screen or print the output if u want. U can
manipulate (thao tác) data with a computer but u can’t do with a typewriter

IV. Một số từ mới cần lưu ý:

Unscrupulous: không hợp pháp

Illegally: bất hợp pháp

Envelope: phong bì

Valuable: có giá trị

Social Security numbers: mã số an ninh

Encryption: mã hóa

Decryption: giải mã

Analyse: phân tích

Risk: rủi ro

Privacy: cá nhân

Maintain: duy trì

Arrangement: sự sắp xếp

Provide: cung cấp

Proper: riêng
Peripheral: thiết bị ngoại vi

Flow of data: luồng dữ liệu

Cryptography: mật mã

Approach: tiếp cận

Via: thông qua

Reverse substitution: 1 phép thay thế được đảo ngược

Recipient: người nhận

Transposition: phép chuyển đổi

Cipher: mật mã

Perfectly secure communication: truyền thông an toàn 1 cách hoàn hảo

Fall into the wrong hands: rơi vào tay kẻ xấu

Reduce to acceptably small levels: giảm thiểu đến mức thấp nhất có thể chấp nhận
được

A trivial example of a cipher: ví dụ đơn giản nhất về 1 mã

Single-character substitution ciphers: phép mã thay thế kí tự đơn

Cryptanalyst: mã thám

Frequently occurring letters: tần suất lặp lại chữ cái

Block ciphers: mã khối

Transformations: sự chuyển đổi

Increase rapidly: tăng nhanh

Methods of encoding: phương thức giải mã

Is considered: được coi

Algorithn: thuật toán

Symmetric key: khóa đối xứng

Secure E-commerce: an toàn thương mại điện tử

Confidentiality: tính bí mật

Scalability: tính mở rộng

The biggest bottleneck with such systems: vấn đề nan giải nhất trong hệ thống này

Suppose: giả sử

Integrity: tính toàn vẹn

Intercept: ngăn chặn

Authentication: tính xác thực

Non-repudiation: tính chống chối bỏ