TEMPORARY ARRANGEMENTS

FOR BRIDGE WORKS

BY
AVINASH
CHIEF INSTRUCTOR/WORKS
CETA/KANPUR
General features
 Are structures used in lieu of the permanent bridges
structure to ensure uninterrupted traffic
 Are designed as simple and light weight structures
so as to be handled easily during erection and
ensure faster speed of constructions
 In past it were designed for stop dead and
8/10kmph but now they are being designed for NS
20/45*kmph speed to avoid excessive time loss
 *45kmph speed is permitted with some
conditions.
General features
 Are used in track in following cases

 Torelieve entire bridge or any part of it for repair

work

 To provide new opening in embankment

 Emergency restoration in case of accident on

bridge or wash away of bridges structure due to
flood / breaches
 General Features
 Temporary arrangements are potential Hazard and
cause detention of traffic hence, following point be
kept in mind while framing proposal
 Should be kept for shortest possible time in track.
 Avoid placing during rainy season except where
unavoidable.
 Meticulous planning for insertion required.
 Schemes and techniques should be adopted with available
resources of temporary arrangements.
 Safety should not be compromised for early completion.
 Work should be done normally after CRS Sanction. (para
1302 of IRPWM C S No.111).
C S No.111 of IRPWM Dt. 23.4.08
 Para 1302 - Works requiring the sanction of
Commissioner of Railway Safety and Notice
therefore – (1) Under section 23 of Railways Act,
1989 (24 of 1989) and chapter VII of the
“Railways (Opening for Public Carriage of
Passengers) Rules, 2000”, the sanction of
Commissioner of Railway Safety is required for the
execution of any work on the open line, which will
affect the running of trains carrying passengers and
any temporary arrangement necessary for carrying
it out, except in cases of emergency.
Types of Temporary Arrangements Used on IR
 Substructure
 Wooden sleeper crib: Obsolete for piers – as wooden
sleeper are not available
 Christ church crib (CC crib)-
– NEW DRAWING FOR ARRANGEMENT ISSUED
 Steel trestle
 Unit type staging
 Temporary wooden piling
 Super structure
 Rail Cluster: Obsolete
 Restricted Head Way Girder
 Calendar Hamilton Girder (CH span) truss type
 Standard plate girder spans
Sleeper Crib

 It is an arrangement made of wooden sleepers to carry

traffic during repairs of bridge. It supports rail cluster,
R.H. Girder etc.
 Object –
 To support rail cluster, R. H. Girder and to allow the
traffic to go on smoothly.
 When the span of the bridge or culvert is up to 2.5 m.
this arrangement is provided to pass a traffic over it.
Moreover sleeper cribs are provided to support the rail
cluster and R.H. Girder. The bottom most layer of
sleeper is made by providing the sleepers adjacent to
each other.
 Sleeper Crib

 No. of layer is kept odd. The top most layer is

also same as per the bottom most layer.
 The intermediate layers are made up by
providing sleepers keeping gap of one sleeper
width. The intermediate layers are placed at right
angles to each other.
 Vertical M.S. bolts are provided at four corner of
the cribs to tie all the layers.
 Sleeper crib
 The first layer is placed parallel to the track. For
small culverts the weight of whole traffic is taken
by sleeper crib.
 If base is not fit for loading boulders should be
spreaded & leveled on ground.
 Size of crib depends upon type & span of
bridge.
 It should be of good sound sleepers
2750x250x130 or 9’x10’x5”.
 Sleeper crib (contd…..)
 Arrangement of sleeper should be such that girder
seating should be in centre of sleeper crib.

 Rail is inserted in sleeper crib at an interval of 6’.

 75 mm katcha plaster should be laid on all

exposed surface to prevent damage from fire.
Sleeper crib (contd…..)

SIZE HEIGHT SR
 9’x9’ 5’ Non stop 15 Kmph
 9’x9’ 5’ to 10’ Stop dead & 10 Kmph
 9’x18’ 10’x18’ ---- do-----
 (double crib)
 9’x18’+ 9’x9’ 18’ to 25’ ---- do-----
 18’x 18’ >25’ ---- do-----
 CC Crib
(Christ Church Crib)
Christ Church Crib(CC Crib)

C C Cribs in use in II World War near Normandy, 1944

Christ Church Crib(CC Crib)
 A CC Crib is a hollow frame of size 600x600x1800
mm fabricated unit With MS angle 75x75x10mm.

 1800 mm length is divided in three parts of 600mm.

 Either end parts are provided with diagonal bracing

50x8mm MS flats.

 14mm dia holes are drilled (2 nos. in each 600mm

block) for providing 13mm dia bolts.
Existing CC Crib
RDSO B-1484
 CC crib fabrication
 Important precaution for CC Crib
 Steel should conform to IS 2062 GR A.

 All fillet weld should be 10mm size.

 Fabrication to be done by qualified welders.

 All welds be tested using NDT technique

 13 dia bolts and clamps to be provided as per

drawing.
 CC crib staging

 These cribs can be used to support RH girders under

traffic

 To ensure that crib acts as one unit, 13mm dia bolts

are used in interior portion of crib and screw clamps
on outer periphery .

 Bottom layer of crib be anchored to base Layer of

wooden sleeper using sill type clamp.
 CC crib staging

Ensure tightness of bolts and clamps so as crib

acts as one unit
Over boulder layers, use 2 layers of full course
wooden sleeper and anchor the crib to it by sill
clamps.
Increase no. of clamps in vertical leg to 2 in
place of one, when vertical joints coincide in
successive layer
200x200x12mm MS plate be provided below
bottom layer and above top layer
Provide sleepers at panel points to ensure that
crib is loaded only on panel points.
 OLD ARRANGEMENT

clamp

Sill clamp
CC crib staging

 CC cribs used in ‘A’ type work

 RDSO drawing RDSO/B/1724 can be
used upto 1800mm crib height for
18m relieving girder span
 Important feature are
◼ Bottom of CC crib provided with 2
layers of wooden sleepers
◼ Top of CC crib provided with 4 layers
of wooden sleepers
CC crib staging

 CC cribs used in ‘A’ type work (Planned

works)
◼ Designed for MBG loading
◼ Speed restriction of NS 30kmph
◼ During service DEN/AEN to keep
vigilant watch
◼ Corrugated sheet behind CC crib for
abutments to retain earth
◼ Clamping between CC crib as per
drawing No.RDSO/B/1484/4
 CC crib staging

 CC cribs for works as ‘B’ Type

(For Restoration)
 Can be used for pier height upto 7.8m for
spans 12.2m, 18.3m and 24.4m
 For 18.3m & 24.4m span RDSO drawing
B/1484/Sheet No.1,2,3
 For 12.2m span, RDSO drawing
No.B/1486/Sheet No.1,2,3
 For clamps, RDSO drawing No.B/1484/Sheet
No.4
CC crib staging

 Maximum permissible speed NS 20 KMPH

 Base soil pressure 1.5 kg/cm2
 Clamps as per RDSO Drg.No.1484/4
 Base of crib with boulder upto 600mm above
LWL with 2 layers of wooden sleeper on it
 4 layers of wooden sleeper on top of crib
 No. of CC crib required in each layer and type
plan of layer is shown in details in sheet
No.7,7A,7B
CC Crib Pier Arrangement (Top)
OPEN
WOODEN
LAYERS

CLOSED
WOODEN
LAYERS
 C C Crib Pier Arrangement (Bottom)

BOULDER FILL

WOODEN
SLEEPERS

CC
CRIBS
CC Crib Pier Arrangement: 7.8m

DOUBLE
CLAMPS IF
JOINTS NOT
BROKEN
 Crib arrangement: Schematic View

CLAMPS
TYPE II
CLAMPS
TYPE I

C-CLAMPS
FOR
WOODEN
SLEEPERS
Modified CC Crib – Type-1

The modified C C Crib1 has a higher load carrying

capacity and this can be used for design of
temporary arrangement for future higher loadings
like DFC loading.
 Modified CC Crib – Type-2

The modified C C crib2 has same concentric load capacity as exiting

C C Crib but safety performance is much improved in eccentric load
case. There are an estimated 1 lakh C C Cribs on Indian Railways (@ ~
6000 nos per zonal railway) and this one step can lead to a saving of
Rs 11.6 Crores over the next 20 years (approx. life of a C C Crib) at
current price of steel @ Rs 50/- per Kg.
Summary of New Drgs.
 TRESTLES

 Important features of trestles are

 Modular structures for faster erection

 Provided with batter of 8:1 in the direction of

along the track, width across the track remains
same
 Speed restriction of SD & 15kmph required

 Boulder crib of 600mm or concrete base is

required and over this wooden sleeper layers
are provided and trestles anchored to base
 TRESTLES

 Steel trestle are used as pier and abutments

 Top width of trestle is 1070mm so that 2
Nos. RH girders can be accommodated
 Main columns of trestles is consists of angles
150x150x12mm upto 3660mm and beyond
can be extended in 1220mm panels with
150x150x18mm angles
 Maximum height can be 12.2m
 These are available in Central Railway
 Type of girder Span
1. Rail Cluster 3660mm (12’)
2. RH Girder a) 7200mm (24’)
(Plate girder type, b) 9680mm(31’-9”)
duplicate girders) c) 13200mm (44’)
d) 16400mm (53’-6”)
e) 18000mm
f) 26480mm (87’)
3. Calendar Hamilton a) 24400mm (80’)
Girder(open web b) 30500mm (100’)
through type) c) 45700mm (150’)
d) 61000mm (200’)
4. Standard Span a) 12200mm (40’)
(Plate girders) b) 18300mm (60’)
c) 24400mm (80’)
 Rail Cluster –

 It is a girder of rails used for carrying the track while

repairs to bridge are going on.
 Object –
 To keep the traffic moving while the bridge is under
repairs.
 When the span of the bridge varies from 2.5 m to 4 m
this arrangement is used. When the bridges is under
repairs. In this arrangement 3, 5, 7 rails are joined
together by using M.S. Bolts and under each rail of
track this made up girder is provided. The rail cluster is
placed on the full length of sleeper crib. The speed
restriction of 15 kmph is imposed. Sleeper are directly
placed over these rail girders.
Rail cluster
 Arrangement of required no. of rail in certain
manner is called rail cluster.
 EarlierUsed for temporarily supporting the track for
spans up to 3.66m(12 ft.).
 Designed for main line standard loading with 10%
impact load.
 Now used only in MG/NG
 90 lbs & 75 lbs rails are normally used.
Following points should be kept in mind

 Rail cluster for 3.66m span should be used only

when temporary girders are not available.
 Rails with more than 5% loss of weight should not
be used.
 Can be manufactured at site or in the PWI depot
 Rail cluster must extend over full width of sleeper
stacks & spiked to top layer of sleepers.
 Proper speed restriction should be imposed.
Rail Cluster
 2 Nos. of clusters used in one span
 If required, in addition of bolts, MS straps is used
for binding all rails
 Sleeper are provided with “U” type 20mm dia
round bolts
 Rail clusters are normally provided on wooden
sleepers cribs.
3-Rail Cluster

25 mm dia
Bolt (or
clamp may
be used)
 R H GIRDER
Reduced Height (RH) Girders,
also known as relieving girders or
service spans
 R.H.GIRDER
 Reduced Height (RH) Girders are also known as
reliving girders or service spans.
 These are of plate girder type duplicate girder.
 Used for span 7.20 m to 26.4 m
 Design is based on the use of these girders for repairs
or rebuilding of arch bridges.
 As height between rail level to crown is normally
1400mm. Hence height of these girders are kept 840
or 1000mm. So that about 400 to 500mm working
space is available between bottom of girder and
crown.
 R.H.GIRDER
 Salient features of these girders are
 All RH girders designated span is overall length.
 Zonal railways are having limited Nos. of RH girder and
list is available at zonal headquarters (CBE’s Office) along
with location.
 26.4m RH girder is available only in N.Rly.

 These are designed to BGML std loading with 20/45

kmph speed restriction.
 Bracing are provided with turned bolt and bearing are
spiked to sleeper crib.
Preparations for Insertion of RH girder
R H Girder Under Insertion
Super structure – New RDSO Drawings
RH Girders – Salient Features

 Single Leaf girders

 Sleepers provided on top.
 Welded girders, welded intermediate stiffeners
 Bracing/ cross frames with turned bolts
 As used only for emergency period ,designed for
0.6 million cycles of loading for calculating
permissible stress
RDSO Drawings for 25 T loading RH Girders

Drawing No RDSO/B- RDSO/B- RDSO/B-

11038 11040 11039

Overall Length 14400 mm 20400 mm 26800 mm

For restoring 2 * 6.1 m 2 * 9.15 m 2 * 12.2 m
Height at end 692 mm 940 mm 1304 mm
(Excl. bearing)

C/c of Leaves 1980 mm 1830 mm 1850 mm

Width of flange 650 mm 650 mm 550 mm
Weight of girder 15.314 t 24.225 t 37.05 t
New designs of Reduced Height
Girders
RDSO Drawings for 25 T loading RH Girders

 Improvements:
 Lifting arrangement given inside the girders
for easy handling on BFRs.
 Channel diaphragms given in RDSO/B-
11038, 14.4 m girder in place of X-frames
for easy assembly.
 Gussets welded to cross frames/ diaphragms
in all drgs for reducing loose parts in field.
 Extra care taken in cross frames and girder to
avoid accumulation of water
RDSO Drawings for 25 T loading RH Girders

 Improvements:
 Inspection frequency specified by BRI
◼ Once in 5 years
OR
◼ If the arrangement is in track for more
than six (6) months continuously.
Relieving Girder fit for 50 Kmph

Overall length 20.40 m, total weight including

track 45.00 MT, Depth 832 mm (RL to bottom).
Relieving Girder with proper rail
clamp arrangement
Insulated
Mono
Sleepers
for
clamping
rails
For Temporary Piers RDSO/B-1484/1R to
4R (0.6 to 7.8 m)
For Temporary Abutments RDSO/B-1484/5
RH Girder in Track for BOX pushing
Regular Girder used for restoration
Use of Temporary arrangements
RH girder on CC crib pier after washout
 Callender Hamilton span
 Designed for purpose of building long spans (above
24.4m to 61.0 m) as rapidly as possible in place of
steel span in case of emergency
 Panel fabricated of length 10’-4”
 These girders are of warren type truss with double
intersection for web member for span 45.7 m and 61
m and single intersection for span 24.4m and 30.5m
 The chord members as well as web members are
made up of angles 8”x8”x1/2” (high tensile steel)
Callender Hamilton Span
 Main gussets are made with 1” thick plate
 Member to gussets connections at panel points are
with 2” dia turned bolt (high tensile steel)
 Bearing are provided with flat type for 18.3
and24.4m and knuckle pin type for span above
30.5m
 These girders are available with N.Rly, NE, C, NF &
E. Rly.
 A hand book containing details is available for using
the span properly
 Slightly heavier spans, also called US spans,
available with NF Rly.
 Callender Hamilton span
 Erection of these spans normally carried out on any
one side and it is rolled in position with the help of
skids and launching pad.
 200 men are required for 8 days to work in 3 shifts
for assembly and launching of one 30.5 span
 Precautions while launching
 Cribs should be checked for stability
 Bolts and nuts should be tightened properly
 Jacking points should always be on panel points
CH span being pulled

2 ft 15’-6” 2 ft
Erection of CH span in progress
Train on CH span (semi through)
Photograph of Bridge After opening to traffic