Minor Project Report: Done at
Minor Project Report: Done at
Minor Project Report: Done at
Done at
Submitted by
VIJAYADARSHINI.V
20397133
Puducherry–605014.
1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The entrepreneurship project has been a very good experience for me in the way
that it has given me the chance to obtain a great insight on the entrepreneurial
activities. I’ve learned about the different activities carried out by an
entrepreneur and my self-confidence and interpersonal skills have improved
significantly.
2
DECLARATION
PUDUCHERRY SIGNATURE:
3
ABSTRACT
4
CONTENT
5
17. SWOT Analysis 15
18. Future plans 15
19. Calculation of average days in milk and dry 16
20. Calculating operational / recurring expense for 16
a year
21. Calculation of income for a year 17
22. Calculation of profit for a year 18
23. conclusion 18
6
1. INTRODUCTION:
2. COMPANY PROFILE:
7
3. OBJECTIVES OF THE ENTERPRISE:
The company was started by Mrs K Buvaneswary a year ago. She got this
initial idea to start the small dairy unit by her own interest to provide good
quality milk to her family and peer groups.
With his she expanded her business within a short span of time and
captured the market within a year. She considers their best quality and service
as their strength.
The farm was started a year ago at Puducherry, SRI GOVINDAN DAIRY
AGENCIES is known for their best quality A2 milk .This small dairy unit is a
proprietorship based unit. Under the management of Owner
Mrs K Buvaneswary, the dairy unit have achieved a perfect position in
the local.
Their aim is to ensure that the safety and quality of their raw milk satisfy the
highest expectation of their consumers. They also ensure that the milk is
produced by the healthy animals by keeping check on their milking hygiene
and nutrition (feed and water). Their infrastructural unit is well furnished with
required tools, equipment’s, and machinery to ease their production capacity.
8
The features for the dairy unit received appreciation from their customers are:
Best quality
Reasonable price
Timely delivery
They are also engaged in providing some milk by-products along with raw
milk to the customers.
Recurring cost: includes the feeding and management along with vaccination,
insurance, treatment and other miscellaneous costs. This is required daily and
is liable to fluctuate at all times. It will be essential to control these costs which
will have a direct bearing on the production of milk as well as Reproduction. At
the same time balancing of feed will also determine the reduction of the Inter
calving period which has a bearing on total profitability.
10
Cost of milking 1 1,35,000 1,35,000
machine and
chaffer cutter;
standby power
supply
Total non recurring costs / capital investment 19,00,000
Sri Govindan dairy agency is a small dairy unit producing milk and its by-
products. Their products are widely demanded by the consumers & can easily
buy these products at an affordable price. They are not only organic, but also
farm fresh and are delivered directly at the doorstep of the consumers .The
products are:
Native cow milk is naattu maattu paal, which are indigenous breeds of cows.
These cows usually have humps and identified with that. Desi cow is known to
be healthier and easily digestible than normal (A1) milk. This is popularly
known as A2 variety and doesn’t have the compound that breaks down into
the harmful peptides like in A1 milk. It has good nutrients which can fight
germs and increases immunity.
Fresh paneer:
Paneer is freshly made from native A2 cow milk without any preservative. It is
completely unique in taste and is a great source of calcium and nutrients which
can fight germs and increase immunity. It must be refrigerated immediately
and used within a week for better taste.
11
A2 Curd
A2 Curd is freshly prepared from the native cow milk without any preservative.
It is rich and creamy in texture and tastes original. It must be refrigerated to
preserve and consumed within 24 hrs from delivery.
As this is a small dairy they recruit both skilled and unskilled labour. They
work with cows and produce related products.
After appointing the labours they will be trained to operate the milking
machines and equipments.
They also recruit both ladies & gents for cleaning animal sheds, caring the
animals, arranging for fodder & medical care. They are often in charge of
regular milking.
Feed alone constitutes 60% of the production cost of the milk. Hence
feeding management plays a vital role in farm economy. The nutrient
requirement should be determined for maintenance as well as for milk
production and to meet the fat percentage in milk and gestation.
12
These feeds are procured from some local companies as per the agreement
with those companies. Usually they have a deal with the company that the
feed will be purchased monthly as per the agreement and if they need an extra
feed they will be purchased as and when required and there will be no delay in
getting those feeds.
The feeds, grass and straw are well maintained in the storage area and
they will be utilized as per their need.
Milking hygiene:
They milk their selective cows in hand, often in presence of the calf to
simulate milk release. For other cows they use their milking machines as
convenient to the animals. Irrespective of the milking method (hand or
machine), it is crucial to avoid contamination of the milk during and after
milking.
Good dairy farm practices are followed to ensure that milking routines
do not injure the animals or introduce contamination to the milk; that milking
is carried out under hygienic conditions; and that milk is handled properly after
milking.
The ladies recruited in the farm, boil the milk and process the milk into
curd and paneer in traditional method (home cooking style).
The farm is cleaned every two hours by the employed lady. She collects
all the cow dung and washes out the floor. This can further lower the risk of
spreading infection.
Animal welfare:
13
not only to milk producing animals but also young stock, replacements and
males in rearing units.
Animal welfare is primarily concerned with the well being of the animals.
Dairy farming practices should aim to keep animals free from hunger, thirst
and malnutrition; from discomfort; from pain, injury and diseases; from fear;
and to engage in relatively normal patterns of animal behaviour.
Guard dogs:
They also have two dogs to protect their livestock from dangerous
animals and reptiles. Dogs will alert potential danger by barking. They have
keen sense of sight, smell, and hearing and can sense a threat before you can.
Mice and rats have the habit of getting into the feed , these dogs will frighten
them away.
Veterinarian’s role:
Artificial insemination:
14
14. ABOUT PACKAGING:
The finished products (milk, curd and paneer) are packed in a plastic
cover and sealed twice with the sealing machine. The employees in the
company are there to pack the produced products.
They pack the products according to the size required by the consumers
and the new employees will be given training for doing the work.
They pack the products and supplied it to the consumers through road
transport at their doorstep.
In this company all the finance details are maintained by the Owner
directly.
All the purchase transactions are maintained by the owner and sales
transactions are maintained by the accountant of the company and all the
related suggestions will be given by them only. And one staff is working as
admin and properly maintained everything manually and technically.
The enterprise is getting Break Even Sales (BEP). And they are trying to
increase their profit by increasing their production level.
The enterprise does not follow any kind of marketing strategy. They
consider customer satisfaction which they attained by their production of best
quality of products with the reasonable price in the market as their strength.
Their farm is also located near the town and this strength makes them
to sell their products in the local and within a short period of time as a tool to
capture local market.
The way they get their customers is through word of mouth and
they also sell their products on credit basis to get their customer satisfaction.
STRENGTHS:
WEAKNESS:
OPPORTUNITIES:
THREATS:
16
19. CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAYS IN MILK AND DRY:
17
21. CALCULATION OF INCOME FOR A YEAR:
=Rs.5, 08,700.
23. CONCLUSION:
This study makes me to understand how the dairy units are functioned
and how the milk is processed to make its by-products. I also learnt their
development from the initial stages to the level they achieved now, the
problems faced by them during their growing stages.
18