THE INVERSION – ĐẢO NGỮ

I. Định nghĩa:
Inversion – Đảo Ngữ là một sự thay đổi thứ tự trong cấu trúc ngữ pháp nhằm mục đích nhấn
mạnh về một sự việc hay một chủ đề nhất định được đề cập trong câu. Thông thường, việc đảo
ngữ bắt đầu bằng việc động từ hay trợ động từ được chuyển lên trước chủ ngữ.
II. Các dạng đảo ngữ:
1. Rarely, Seldom, Never, Little, Hardly ever, Neverbefore = hiếm khi, ít khi, chưa bao
giờ, không bao giờ...
He has never been so agressive.
Never________________________________
She has seldom seen anything stranger around this town.
Seldom__________________________________
1. __Worked outside the home as nowadays.
A. Never so many women have B. Never have so many women
C. The women are not never D. The Women who have never
2. Rarely____she made mistake since she was a manager.
A. have B. has C. Had D. is
3. Never_____in such a strange situation.
A. has I seen B. have I been C. am I been D. I have been
4. Seldom__dinner together.
A. do Mark and Juliet have C. does Mark and Juliet have
B. is Mark and Julie have D. are Mark and Juliet have
5. Never___any doubt about the matter.
A. there hasn’t been C. hasn’t there been
B. there has been D. has there been
6. Never before______-such a beautiful girl.
A. have I met B. have I meet C. I have met D. did I meet
7. Seldom_____of Nancy Johson as coloured.
A. her classmates thought C. thought her classmates
B. her classmates did think D. did her school classmates think.
2. Hardly, Scarcely, Barely + had + V3/Ved +.....When..... = Ngay lập tức
No sooner + had + V3/Ved+......Than.....= Vừa....Thì....
1. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang.
No sooner_________________________________________________________
2. I had only just put the phone down when the boss ran back.
Hardly_____________________________________________________________
3. Immediately after his appointment to the post, the new editor felt it.
No sooner____________________________________________________________
4. I had only just gone to bed when he called.
Scarcely_______________________________________________________________
5. No sooner had he sat down to lunch________ there was a knock at the door.
A. Than B. when C. had D. did
6. Hardly had he left home__the telephone rang.
A. Than B. that C. as D. when
7. No sooner________the boss came in.
A. He had left when C. had he left than
B. He was leaving than D. was he leaving when
8. Hardly____at the bus stop when the called her.
A. The had arrived B. had he left C. he was leaving D. was he leaving
9. They hardly found her number when they called her.
A. They call her as sooner as they found her number.
B. They call her as soon as they found her number.
C. The found her number as soon as they called her.
D. They found her number sooner or later.
10. As soon as he arrived at the airport, he called home.
A. He arrived at the airport sooner than he had expected.
B. No sooner had he arrived at the airport than he called home
C. Calling home, he said that he had arrived at the airport.
D. He arrived at the airport and called me to take him home.
3. Only after,
Only then
Only when...
Only if
Only by
Only in this way
Only in that way
Only because
Vế đầu giữ nguyên vế sau đảo ngữ.
1. I really understood it only after he had explained it the fourth time.
Only after_______________________________________________
2. He managed to pass the exam only by hard work.
Only by_________________________________________________
3. Alice and Charles did not decide to move to a bigger house until after the birth of their
second child.
Only when_____________________________________________________
4. The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard everyday.
Only by_________________________________________________________________
5. I only realized what I had missed when they told me about it later.
Only when_________________________________________________
6. Only when he started working with her,____that she was intelligent.
A. He had realized B. did he relize C. he did realized D. he realized
7. Only when you grow up______the truth.
A. You will know B. will you know C. you know D. do you know
8. Only once______late to school.
A. He came B. did he came C. came he D. did he come
9. _____________did Jerome accept the job.
A. Only because it was an interesting work. C. Because it was an interesting work
B. Only because it was an interested work D. The work was interesting
10. Only after checking 3 times________certain of the answer. Jim promised that never would
he tell anyone else.
A. I was B. was I C. were I D. I were
11. Only when he is here___________.
A. He speaks English C. does he speak English
B. He can speak English D. he does speak English
12. Only then_____the letter from my son.
A. Do I receive B. did I receive C. have I received D. has I received
13. Only from that student_________the truth.
A. Could I understand C. I understand
B. I understand that D. I could understand
14. Only because she had to support her family____to leave school.
A. That Alice decides B. did Alice decide
C. does Alice decide D. Alice decided
15. Only by booking in advance____stay in the room you like.
A. can you B. you can C. you will D. you
4. Đảo ngữ với So và Such:
1. She is so rich that she can buy what she likes.
So__________________________________________
2. He worked so hard in the past that he is now weak.
So___________________________________________
Trong câu có “so great, so much” thì sẽ chuyển “such” lên đầu câu
1. The question was so great that he had to think it over.
Such__________________________________________________________
2. She is so poor that she can’t go to school.
Such______________________________________________________________
3. Such_____that he would stop at nothing.
A. His ambition was B. did his ambition
C. does his ambition D. was his ambition
4. So surprised at the news_________that he couldn’t say anything.
A. did he become B. he became C. does he become D. did he became
5. Not only....but also......: không những.....mà còn.....
1. He not only spent all his money, but he also borrowed some from me.
Not only_______________________________________________________
2. Harry broke his leg, and also injured his shoulder.
Not only________________________________________________________
4. Not only_____to take the medicine, but he also hit the nurse.
A. He refused B. does he refuse C. he was refused D. did he refuse
5. Not only_______profits, but it also had to lay off workers.
A. Did the company lose C. the company lose
B. Had the company lose D. lost the company
6. Not only_____in the field of psychology but animal behavior is examined as well.
A. Human behavior is studied B. is human behavior studied
C. Is studied human behavior D. human behavior
7. Not only shade and beauty____but they also reduce carbon dioxide.
A. Trees provide B. provide trees C. do trees provide D. trees do provide.
6. Đảo ngữ trong câu Điều Kiện
Ngoài mang ý nghĩa là câu Nếu/Thì, đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện còn thể hiện sự xảy ra của sự
kiện không thể dự đoán được, tình cờ, vô ý, lỡ như....
Loại 1: Should + S + V1
Loại 2: Were + S + To V
Loại 3: Had + S + V3/Ved
Lưu ý: Chỉ chuyển Should/Were/Had lên đầu câu, không chuyển “Not” đi cùng.
1. If you have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice.
Should__________________________________________________________
2. If we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately
Should___________________________________________________________
3. If it should rain tonight, I will stay at home.
Should_____________________________________________________________
4. If she has finished the work, she can go home.
Should_______________________________________________________________
5. If I were not for your progress, I would not be here.
Were_________________________________________________________________
6. If the government raised interest rates. They would lose the election.
Were__________________________________________________________________
7. If you had given it on time, you would have got a high mark.
Had________________________________________________________________
8. If she had become a lawyer, as her parents wished, she would have earned a large salary.
Had_____________________________________________________________________
9. If it had not been for Henry, I might not have met you.
Had______________________________________________________________________
7. In/Under no circumstances: Dù trong bất kỳ hoàn cảnh nào cũng không
On no account: Dù bất kỳ lý do gì cũng không
In no way: Không sao có thể
Only in this way: Chỉ bằng cách này
By no means: Không sao có thể
No where: Không ở bất kỳ đâu
For no reason at all: không một lý do nào
No longer/at no time: Không còn nữa, chưa bao giờ
1. You must not turn on the microphone under any circumstances while the teacher is speaking.
Under no circumstances_________________________________________________________
2. You should not send money to strangers under any circumtances.
Under no circumstances_________________________________________________________
3. The outcome of the election was never in doubt.
At no time__________________________________________________________________
4. You should not phone the police whatever may happen.
Under no circumstances_________________________________________________________
8. NOT UNTIL = cho đến khi:
1. Mary did not begin to read until she was 8.
Not until__________________________________________________
2. I did not recognize him until he came into the light.
Not until____________________________________________________
*Not until = only when
3. He did not know about the truth until he came into the light.
Only when_________________________________________________________
9. Place/Order + V + S:
1. A statue is in front of the museum.
In front of the museum____________________________________
2. An enormous frog sat on the grass.
On the grass_______________________________________________
3. A stranger procession came along the road.
Along the road_____________________________________________
4. Thirteen candles are on the birthday cake.
On the birthday cake__________________________________________________
5. A sleeping dog was lying under the table.
Under the table_______________________________________________________
III. Bài tập:
1. ___________had we arrived at the hotel than there was a power cut.
A. When B. As soon as C. No sooner D. Hardly
2. Not only_____the first prize, but she was also offered a promotion.
A. Pauline won B. Pauline had won C. won Pauline D. did Pauline win
3. _____that the minister had to resign.
A. So was the case scandalous B. So scandalous the case was
C. So was scandalous the case D. So scandalous was the case
4. Only when____can we begin the meeting.
A. the director has arrived B. has the director arrived
C. has arrived the director D. arrived the director
5. Only after posting the letter____that I had forgotten to put on a stamp.
A. then I remembered B. and I remebered
C. did I remember D. when I remembered
6. Hardly had the thieves left the house____the police arrived.
A. that B. when C. than D. until
7. ______she had arrived at the office, did she realize she had forgotten to turn off the gas
cooker.
A. Until B. Not until C. When D. Once
8. _______the alarm go off, please leave the building at once!
A. If B. When C. As D. Should
9. Only____to enter for the final round.
A. two candidates were chosen B. were two candidates chosen
C. they were chosen two candidates D. were chosen two candidates
10. So difficult_____that few students could answer them.
A. were the questions B. the questions were
C. the questions are D. that the questions were
11. Never in her life______this exhilarating emotion.
A. she experienced B. she did experience
C. she had experienced D. had she experienced.
12. ______seen such an awful behavior.
A. Have I never before. B. Before I have never
C. Never before I have D. Never before have I
13. They were wealthy. Money was plentiful, and_____to be very bothered amount levels of
expenditure.
A. rarely anyone seemed B. rarely did anyone seem
C. did anyone rarely seem D. rarely anyone did seem
14. Not only do I enjoy classical music,____ a season ticket to be symphony.
A. but I also have B. but also have
C. but also I have D. I but also have
15. ______so upset!
A. has be boss seldom been B. Seldom the boss has been
C. Seldom has the boss been D. has the boss been seldom
16. ______the situation.
A. Little he understands B. little he understood
C. Little did he understand D. did he understand little
17. There_____
A. comes my bus B. does my bus come
C. my bus come D. did my bus come
18. _______his terrible secret.
A. did they learn only later B. only later they did learn
C. only later they learnt D. only later did they learn
19. – I’m from Turkey. - _____________.
A. Am I, too B. I am, so C. So am I D. Either am I
20. I cannot swim very well____.
A. and neither my sister can B. and neither can my sister
C. and so my sister can D. and so can my sister
21. So difficult______that______three months to prepare.
A. is the test/ do the students need B. the test is/ do the students need
C. is the test/ the students need D. the test is/ the students need
22. _____the problem, he wouldn’t have committed those mistakes.
A. Had he understood B. He had understood
C. If had he understood D. Unless had he understood
23. _____a more beautiful sight.
A. Nowhere hadn’t Susan seen B. Had Susan seen nowhere
C. Nowhere Susan had seen D. Nowhere had Susan seen
24. By the gate_____.
A. a little girl stood B. stood a little girl
C. did a little girl stand D. a little girl did stand
25. Not until the next morning____how serious____.
A. she realized/ was it B. she realized/ it was
C. did she realize/ was it D. did she realize/ it was
26. Not until____that he had lost the key.
A. he got home did he find B. he got home he found
C. did he get home did he find D. did he get home he found
27. Only when____into smart clothes after the match____to talk to the TV reporters.
A. the players had changed/ they were allowed
B. the players had changed/ were they allowed
C. had the players changed/ were they allowed
D. had the players changed/ they were allowed
28. No sooner____the door than______it was locked.
A. had I reached/ did I realize B. I had reached/ did I realize
C. had I reached/ I realized D. I had reached/ I realized
29. _____, he can never follow me.
A. Fast as he runs B. Fast as does he run C. As he runs fast D. As does he run fast
30. _____John that she talked about him all the time.
A. Did so much she adore B. Did she adored so much
C. So much she adored D. So much did she adore