CƠ SỞ BỒI DƯỠNG VĂN HÓA ĐỀ LUYỆN TẬP 2

TRÍ PHAN
Lớp: Chuyên Anh Cấp 3
SỐ 32 – 34 BÀU NĂNG 2 – ĐÀ NẴNG
Thời gian: 90 phút
Họ Và Tên: ……………………………………………..
A/ PHONETICS:
Questions 1 – 5: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from
the others.
1/ A. failed B. reached C. absorbed D. solved
2/ A. loses B. houses C. rises D. shoes
3/ A. says B. pays C. stays D. bays
4/ A. scheme B. parachute C. architect D. psychology
5/ A. mahout B. foul C. poultry D. drought
Questions 6 – 10: Choose the word which is stressed differently from the others.
6/ A. remote B. receive C. prevent D. recent
7/ A. preferential B. congratulate C. development D. preservative
8/ A. abnormal B. initial C. innocent D. impatient
9/ A. interchange B. infamous C. overeat D. undercurrent
10/ A. aphorism B. extremism C. barbarism D. feminism
B/ LEXICO-GRAMMAR
Questions 11-30: Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to each of the following
questions and write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
11/ Standing on the tip of the cape, ________________.
A. people have seen a lighthouse far away B. lies a lighthouse in the middle of the sea
C. a lighthouse can be seen from the distance D. we can see the lighthouse in the distance
12/ John: “Do you think we should use public transport to protect our environment?”
Laura: “________________”
A. Of course not. You bet! B. Well. that’s very surprising.
C. There’s no doubt about it. D. Yes, it’s an absurd idea.
13/ ________________ visit the British Museum while you are in London, you mustn't forget
to look at the famous Rosetta Stone.
A. In case you B. If you should
C. For fear that you D. When you might
14/ Paul: “ I was late because I got caught in traffic.”
Kevin: “________________, lateness will not be tolerated in this office.”
A. Be that as it may B. If need be
C. Then so be it D. Whatever it may be
15/ The hostage was released unharmed by the kidnappers, but they were never caught and
charged with ________________.
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A. fraud B. forgery C. abduction D. trafficking
16/ On his first day in the Milanese office, the German executive experienced
________________ on the part of the employees in the office, who saw him as a threat.
A. inadequacy B. hostility C. equality D. degradation
17/ The only room available was, to say the least________________. There was no carpet,
no curtains, and the only furniture was a bed and a small bedside table.
A. snug B. dreary C. stark D. cushy
18/ Regional parliaments allow ________________ for remote parts of the country or islands
far from the capital.
A. self-government B. self-sufficiency C. self-regulation D. self-support
19/ Zoe’s plan to study at university ________________ when she didn’t get the required
grades in her school leaving exams.
A. fell through B. wrote off C. got back D. put in
20/ It’s not advisable to buy goods from street vendors – there’s a good chance you’ll be
____________.
A. ripped off B. forked out C. paid off D. scraped by
21/ We all agreed to cover some of the cost – so come on, ________________!
A. dip in B. put aside C. bail out D. cough up
22/ I ate some tinned sardines that had expired and ended up feeling so sick that I
________________ all the food I had eaten.
A. brought up B. passed out C. packed up D. went off
23/ He was too sure of himself to pay ________________ to the warnings against the danger.
A. notice B. attention C. respect D. recognition
24/ All nations should ________________ hands to work out a plan to solve the problem of
global warming.
A. join B. hold C. shake D. lend
25/ At the age of 11, Taylor Swift was already trying to ________________ a record deal in
Nashville.
A. land B. create C. steal D. grab
26/ Please ________________ these figures to memory, so that you will be able to answer
the investors’ questions easily and confidently.
A. memorise B. recall C. retain D. commit
27/ He’s sometimes bad-tempered but he’s a good fellow ________________.
A. at heart B. with heart C. by heart D. in heart
28/ When it comes to the ________________, Alice always support her friends.
A. point B. crunch C. mark D. crisis
29/. Although he came to work the day before his retirement, everyone knew he was just
________________.

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A. going with the flow B. going through the motions
C. going against the grain D. going along with them
30/ I had a ________________this morning when a tractor trailer unexpectedly swerved into
my lane.
A. deep end B. dead beat C. close shave D. tight corner

Questions 31-35: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered space
provided.
Whilst 31.________________(urban) was characteristic of an earlier era, many young people
are choosing to do exactly the opposite of their forebears. As a result of financial
32.________________(stable) in the city and worries about inadequate public services,
numerous educated, young individuals, either alone or with their families are willingly
moving back to smaller towns and villages in search of a better and more
33.________________(afford) way of life.
When families are 34.________________(root) from their homes, there are a lot of negative
repercussions; educated graduates may face competition from skilled workers, who, while
having no formal qualifications, have been working the land for years, and city children may
find themselves 35.________________(margin) at school.
Questions 36-40: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered space
provided.
36/ The discussions reached a new level of ________________(intense) and by lunchtime the
exchanges were becoming very heated.
37/ Alvin met the genial master poet Langston Hughes, who became a lifelong friend and
________________ (confide).
38/ There is an ________________ (speak) recognition of a certain disposition or habitus
among the social classes.
39/ It has to be said it was rather ________________ (genus) of him to ask a complete
stranger to look after his luggage.
40/ Sometimes a sympathetic friend can be a constant source of discouragement, all
________________ (know).
Questions 41-50: Find and correct 10 mistakes in the passage. Write them in the numbered
boxes provided.
The huge mountain of Kilimanjaro is one of the most distinct entities within the severe land
of the African wilderness. Rivers carry life to the forests and jungles below flow from
beneath the eminence, whereas in the endless plains of this continent an astonishing diversity
of animal species have evolved to take advantage of the immense African habitat. They have
adapted and survived in their different shapes and sizes. Some of them are big, some small,
some eat plans and some live by meat. There are those which wander alone, unlike the others

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which gather in herd. The multiplying millions of herbivores are balanced by the frightened
meat eaters - carnivores whose body build has been shaped for speed and for the strength
indispensable to outmanoeuvre their prey. These superior predators which have conducted
their daily struggle for survival in the harsh African environment all live in unfavourable
surroundings where the punishment for weakness is often dead. The reality of Africa best
pictures the exciting cruelty of nature towards the weakness of individual animals as only the
existence of the whole species is essential. However, big predators like lions or tigers don't
usually tolerate with company and might, then, be exposed to mortal danger, were it not for
their perfect attributes and an uncomparable skill at killing. They should never be judged by
human standards. It is obvious they don't kill out of hatred, but for the simple reason of
remaining lively during their lone struggle in this hostile habitat.
C/ READING COMPREHENSION:
Questions 51-60: Fill each of the following numbered blanks with ONE suitable word and
write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
A number of scientists around the world are investigating a phenomenon called synaesthesia
that may affect as 51.__________ as one in 2,000 people. The name 52.__________ from the
Greek words for together and perception and means that some people’s senses work in
combination. For example, some people see colour when they hear particular 53.__________.
Similarly, a smell or taste may be perceived as a 54.__________ to information received
from the eyes. However, the most common form of synaesthesia occurs 55.__________
people who associate certain letter of words with colours. Scientists at Cambridge University
conducted experiments to determine whether this is actually a product of mental activity or if
some individuals are just highly 56.__________. They discovered that synaesthetes, people
57.__________ experience synaesthesia, consistently associate the same letters or words with
the same colours. Brain scans revealed unusual activity in the brain when subjects were
listening to words, suggesting that it is a 58.__________ condition. The 59.__________
plausible explanation is that synaesthetes have slightly different connections between the
areas of the brain which control their senses. Synaesthesia is not a medical problem, however,
and synaesthetes often 60.__________ from an unusually good memory, probably because
they have extra information to help them recall things like names and numbers.
Questions 61-70: Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each
gap. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
When LL Zamenhof constructed the auxiliary language of Esperanto in the late 1880s, he did
so with certain key goals in mind: to 61.__________ the study of language easier and more
learner-friendly; and to develop a universal language as a means of international
communication and as a 62._________ for promoting concord and understanding in a
63.__________ world. His goals were influenced very much by his own experiences of
growing up in Bialystok, which is part of modern-day Poland. A multitude of different ethnic

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groups lived there at the time and were constantly 64.__________ with each one another. It
was this at which Zamenhof despaired, and he reasoned that the 65.__________ cause of
dispute was the barriers to communication present on account of the lack of a common
language. Therefore, he set out to create one: Esperanto.
His goals were incredibly ambitious, but was the new language a success? Well, in so far as it
is the most widely spoken artificial one in existence today, with an estimated two-plus-
million people worldwide fluent to some 66.__________, you would have to say yes.
However, the fact remains that Esperanto has not 67.__________ English as the lingua franca
of international communication, nor has it been nearly so widely 68.__________ as
Zamenhof himself would have hoped.
Therefore, judged against Zamenhof’s own 69.__________ ambitions for the language, the
conclusion could not be in the affirmative. That said, his intentions in building an entirely
new language were incredibly noteworthy and that the language has 70.__________ even to
the extent that it has done, with millions of active speakers, is, in and of itself quite
remarkable.
61. A. render B. prove C. adjust D. portray
62. A. mechanism B. utensil C. device D. scheme
63. A. discordant B. analogous C. congruent D. comparable
64. A. quarrelling B. disputing C. debating D. conflicting
65. A. outlying B. underlying C. outstanding D. underlining
66. A. scope B. breadth C. matter D. degree
67. A. promoted B. usurped C. overturned D. reversed
68. A. endured B. embraced C. embodied D. enhanced
69. A. reckless B. modest C. lofty D. pushy
70. A. enriched B. cultivated C. stretched D. prospered

Questions 71-83: Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow.
The Mystery of Sleep
Sleep takes up precious time and leaves us vulnerable, so why do we do it?
A. The question of why we sleep has been on people’s minds at least since the time of
Aristotle, who believed that the warming and cooling of the body as a result of digestion
caused sleep. Though we know this is incorrect today, other early theories have held up
better. The possibility of a ‘sleep toxin’ – a substance that built up during the day, causing
drowsiness, and was subsequently relieved by sleep – was put forward by Henri Pieron in the
early 1900s, and this concept is not unlike some contemporary ideas about sleep that
researchers are pursuing today. It was not until 1953 that Nathaniel Kleitman and his
colleagues identified two different kinds of sleep; REM and non-REM sleep. Many say that
this breakthrough paved the way for modern sleep research. But since then, despite the great

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deal of effort that has been made to better understand sleep, it is still largely a mysterious
phenomenon.
B. Among living things, sleep is practically universal. Even jellyfish, which have no brains,
experience something called sleep pressure – the need to rest longer after being kept awake.
Tiny worms, with only a few neurons, spend time in a sleep-like state and die more quickly
when exposed to stress if this state is prevented. Sharks and dolphins, which must keep
moving at all times in order to breathe, have the ability to sleep with one hemisphere of the
brain at a time. Yet, when an animal sleeps, it cannot protect itself from danger, it cannot eat
or reproduce. Sleep is high-risk and costly, so why is it such a universal phenomenon?
Clearly, it must be important.
C. One theory about the reason for sleep is that it arose simply as a way to save energy. If
there were times when it was difficult or hazardous for an animal to move around, then it
might make sense for them to simply enter a sleep state when all of their physical systems
slow down. That way, they would require less food, and could hide away from danger. The
observation that animals with few natural predators, lions, for example, sleep up to 15 hours a
day, while small prey animals seldom sleep more than 5 hours a day, seems to contradict this,
however. In addition, the objection has been raised that sleep only lowers the metabolism by
10-15 per cent, so not much energy is, in fact, saved. According to Serge Daan, a researcher
who studied arctic ground squirrels, something else must be taking place. He found that the
ground squirrels would periodically come out of their suspended-animation-like state of
hibernation in order to sleep. For these animals, sleep was actually energetically expensive,
so it must serve some other essential purpose.
D. It is well established that the act of sleeping is important for essential brain functions such
as memory and learning. A rapidly increasing body of cognitive research suggests that sleep
allows us to consolidate and process information that has been acquired during the day. Sleep
scientist Matthew Walker used MRI scans to visualise activity in the brains of people who
were learning a series of finger movements. One group was allowed to sleep and the other
was not. He found differences in the areas of the brain that were activated when they recalled
the movements; the group that had slept showed less activity in the brain, and better
recollection of the task. In other words, the way the memory was stored had become more
efficient. Walker believes that this could explain why toddlers, who are constantly learning
new motor skills, require so much more sleep than adults. Furthermore, Ted Abel, while
assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania, found that mice deprived of sleep for
the first five hours after learning did not remember their physical surroundings, while their
memory of facts and events was not affected. This result allowed him to specify that sleep
regulates memory in a specific part of the brain, the hippocampus, which is responsible for
memories related to spatial and contextual information. But despite numerous studies, there
are still more questions than answers on the role of sleep in memory and learning.

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E. Another theory about the role of sleep is that it is essential for cleanup and repair in the
brain and body. Support for this theory is provided by research that shows periods of REM
sleep increase following periods of sleep deprivation and strenuous physical activity. During
sleep, the body also increases its rate of cell division and protein synthesis, further suggesting
that repair and restoration occurs during sleeping periods. Recently, new evidence supporting
the repair and restoration theory has been uncovered. Research has shown that the cellular
structure of the brain is altered during sleep, and more space forms between cells. This allows
fluid to move between the cells and flush out toxic waste products. It is believed that these
toxins increase in the central nervous system during waking times, and the restorative
function of sleep is a consequence of their removal.
F. It may seem that all of this new evidence is not making the question of why we sleep any
clearer; indeed, the evidence seems to point to different explanations. In this context, it seems
important to remember that there may not be one correct answer, but instead it could be a
combination. While the idea that sleep is a method of energy conservation seems to be falling
out of favour, it seems more and more likely that benefits for memory and learning, the
cleanup of the brain and the repair of the body can all be attributed to a good night’s sleep

Questions 71 - 76: There are six paragraphs marked A-F in the passage. In which
paragraph is the following mentioned? Write your answers in the corresponding numbered
box provided.
71/ how researchers can see what is happening inside the brain
72/ how many reasons for sleep there might realistically be
73/ an example of lack of sleep being deadly
74/ a particular discovery that was essential for how we view sleep today
75/ how sleep might have arisen from threatening conditions
76/ how the brain physically changes during sleep
Questions 77-79: Look at the following statement and the list of researchers below. Match
each statement with the correct researcher, A-E. Write your answers in the corresponding
numbered box provided.
A Henri Pieron
B Nathaniel Kleitman
C Serge Daan
D Matthew Walker
E Ted Abel

77/ Sleep is essential for the recollection only of certain types of memory.

78/. The fact that sleep requirements vary with age alludes to its role.

79/. A chemical that promotes sleep accumulates throughout the day.

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Questions 80-81: Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO theories does the writer question
the validity of? Write your answers in the corresponding numbered box provided.
A Sleep pressure is proof of the necessity of sleep.
B Animals’ sleeping habits are related to their place on the food chain.
C Sleep is related to changes in body temperature.
D Sleep prevents the unnecessary burning of calories.
E There are different types of sleep with different functions.

Questions 82-83: Choose TWO letters, A-E. Which TWO points does the writer mention in
support of the importance of sleep for memory? Write your answers in the corresponding
numbered box provided.
A During sleep, unimportant memories are removed.
B Sleep makes recollection more effortless.
C Sleep results in more activity throughout the brain.
D The function of a specific brain region is affected by sleep.
E Sleep duration modifies learning

Questions 84-93: Read the following passage and choose the answer A, B, C or D that fits
best according to the text. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes
provided.
Forget global terrorism - for most of the world's population, ticking time bombs like
earthquakes, supervolcanoes and hurricanes pose a far greater threat. Natural disaster expert
Bill McGuire reveals a few of the top catastrophes waiting to happen.
With NASA's eminent climate scientist, Jim Hansen, concerned that collapsing polar ice
sheets could result in sea levels rising 1-2m this century and several more in the next,
prospects for the Earth's coastal zones are bleak. A 1m rise would threaten one-third of the
world's agricultural land, while a 4m rise would maroon Miami 60km offshore. Rising sea
levels is not the only threat to coastal regions. The Cumbre Vieja volcano on the Canary
Island of La Palma is slowly creeping seawards. During a future eruption, this gigantic
landslide will plunge into the ocean, pushing up a bulge of water close to a kilometre high,
spawning a mega-tsunami capable of devastating all the coastal areas surrounding the
North Atlantic.
Coastal regions also face the menace of desertification. By 2030, over half a billion people
living around the shores of the Mediterranean will be viewing the encroaching desert with
increasing panic. An area bigger than the UK, and home to 16 million people, is threatened -
by the end of the century - with transformation from a green and pleasant land to a baking
wilderness of sand and rock.
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However, these disasters seem pale in comparison to the mega-catastrophes waiting to
happen like supervolcanoes, for instance. Every 50 millennia or so, a colossal volcanic blast
expels sufficient ash and gas to cover a continent and block the Sun's rays for years on end,
heralding a bitter volcanic winter. At Yellowstone in Wyoming, US, two such super-
eruptions have shattered the crust in the last 2.1 million years and the volcano there remains
restless. An asteroid attack is another threat which would have devastating consequences. A
total of 713 asteroids with diameters of 1km or more, and the potential to clobber the Earth at
some future date, have been identified. A 2km asteroid would load the atmosphere with dust
and trigger a sustained global freeze. Harvests would fail and billions would die. Fortunately,
such collisions only happen every couple of million years.

84/ Which best serves as the title for the passage?

A. Disasters in Waiting
B. Threats to the Earth’s Coastal Zones
C. The Mega-catastrophes That Could End the World
D. Surprising Facts about Supervolcanoes
85/ According to the passage, what poses an imminent threat to us?
A. the increase of global terrorism
B. the rise in the world's population
C. the consequences of climate change and natural disasters
D. time bombs waiting to go off
86/ The word “bleak” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________
A. auspicious B. promising C. commanding D. gloomy
87/ Which aspect of the Cumbre Vieja eruption will have the worst effects?
A. the eruption itself B. the subsequent mega-tsunami
C. the plunge into the ocean D. the resulting landslide
88/ The word “maroon” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________
A. push B. leave C. surge D. pull
89/ The process of desertification threatening the shores of the Mediterranean will occur
__________
A. gradually B. at the end of this century
C. to an area not quite as big as the UK D. all of a sudden
90/ The word “menace” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to __________
A. acceleration B. spread C. threat D. process
91/. How often does a supervolcano take place?
A. once every century B. once every 50 thousand years
C. once every couple of million years D. once every 50 million years
92/ The word “there” in paragraph 4 refers to __________

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A. the continent B. Yellowstone C. The US D. the crust
93/ Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Terrorism is the most challenging issue facing the world.
B. Rising sea levels wreak greater havoc on coastal regions than volcanoes do.
C. The UK is one of the countries most heavily affected by desertification.
D. Both supervolcanoes and asteroid attacks lead to extremely cold weather conditions.
E/ WRITING:
Questions 94-98: Rewrite the following sentences using the words given.
94/The reason they did not give him the job was because he could not use a computer.
(inability)
Had it not ............................................................................................................................
95/ If there is a fire, people should not use the lift. (event)
In .........................................................................................................................................
96/ Harry knows about the new regulations so let’s ask him. (brains)
Let’s ......................................................................................................................................
97/ I managed to persuade John not to resign. (talk)
I managed ..............................................................................................................................
98/ Why did you have to cause so much trouble over something so unimportant? (dance)
Why did you have to ..............................................................................................................?
99/ What he told me made me very curious to hear the rest of the story. (appetite)
What he did……………………………………………………
100/ I knew the project would not succeed from the start. (doomed)
I knew……………………………………………………………………..
THE END

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