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    Introduction To The Metaphysics of Sanskrit Language: National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha

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    DrSurabhi Verma
    The document discusses the nature of language according to Indian knowledge systems. It covers topics like the difference between spoken and written language, the classifications of Bhāṣā, Vāk, and Vāṇī, and how Sanskrit grammar focuses on the oral tradition with influences from compositional works and regional variations.

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    Introduction To The Metaphysics of Sanskrit Language: National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha

    Uploaded by

    DrSurabhi Verma
    45 views5 pages
    The document discusses the nature of language according to Indian knowledge systems. It covers topics like the difference between spoken and written language, the classifications of Bhāṣā, Vāk, and Vāṇī, and how Sanskrit grammar focuses on the oral tradition with influences from compositional works and regional variations.

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    Hs1317 Lecture 1

    Original Title

    Hs1317 Lecture 1

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    The document discusses the nature of language according to Indian knowledge systems. It covers topics like the difference between spoken and written language, the classifications of Bhāṣā, Vāk, and Vāṇī, and how Sanskrit grammar focuses on the oral tradition with influences from compositional works and regional variations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    45 views5 pages

    Introduction To The Metaphysics of Sanskrit Language: National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha

    Uploaded by

    DrSurabhi Verma
    The document discusses the nature of language according to Indian knowledge systems. It covers topics like the difference between spoken and written language, the classifications of Bhāṣā, Vāk, and Vāṇī, and how Sanskrit grammar focuses on the oral tradition with influences from compositional works and regional variations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    © DrSurabhi Verma

    National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha


    Course ID: HS 1317

    INTRODUCTION TO THE METAPHYSICS OF


    SANSKRIT LANGUAGE

    Course Co-ordinator: Prof. Surabhi Verma

    1
    © DrSurabhi Verma

    UNIT 1: N AT U R E O F L A N G U A G E
    ❖What is Language? Written or Oral?
    ❖Difference between Bhāṣā, Vāk and Vāṇī
    ❖Spoken and Compositional language
    1. Classification of Indian Knowledge Systems based on Kāvyamīmāmsā of Rājaśekhara
    2. The Vaidika Literature
    3. India at the time of Rājaśekhara
    ❖The Knowledge disciplines related with discourse of Language
    ❖Effect of orality on the Nature of Language
    ❖The Language of the Universe: Nāda (Resonance)

    2
    © DrSurabhi Verma

    • W H AT I S L A N G U A G E ? W R I T T E N
    OR ORAL?
    • The language is Speech. It is oral. Whatever is spoken or • Written version of any language is only a representational
    uttered is understood as language. variant of the same sound or sound patterns or cluster of
    sounds.
    • Language is the basic trait of all. It is inherently present in
    all. Even the cosmos has its own language. • The orality of language is the determining factor for the
    continuous change. Otherwise language would have
    • Those special persons who do not possess an unfaulty
    become a museum piece.
    cognitive apparatus, they also possess a well defined set of
    language. • There are two basic divisions available in all the languages
    – one is (Static) the language which is fixed because it
    • The way of expression of oral sounds in the written mode
    belongs to the written mode in a particular text and second
    gives rise to different symbols and notions which are artistic
    (Dynamic) is the constantly changing one belongs to the
    in nature, and these notions compose the script.
    orality of people.
    • Indian knowledge systems deeply and elaborately
    • As the orality dominates the script, so the utterance is in the
    investigated about the language because they belonged to
    centrality.
    oral tradition where a vast corpus of Knowledge of immense
    importance was required to be preserved in the minds of the • Utterances have variations. Despite of these variations the
    people. This does not means they don’t had script (the meaning is comprehended among different speakers and
    written version). Pāṇinī (700 BC) in his Aṣṭādhyāyi himself the language is learnt by hearing the words.
    mentions the term ‘lipi’ at several instances which denotes
    the existence of script.

    3
    © DrSurabhi Verma

    • Difference between Bhāṣā, • Spoken and Compositional


    Vāk and Vāṇī Language
    • Pāṇinī’s grammar is a grammar of speech (oral) and
    Chāndas (compositional language).
    • There are three words for language in Indian
    Knowledge system and they are- Bhāṣā, Vāk and • A distinction is made between spoken language and
    Vāṇī. All the three imply enunciation; orality and its abstracted variant which is the language of the
    speech respectively. composition like of Vedas.

    • Bhāṣā is derived from ‘bhāṣ’ root which means to • Spoken language has many variants but the variant
    create noise like just talking, ‘Vāk’ comes from which is used in composing text is fixed.
    ‘Vāc’ root which means to say something wise. • Sanskrit has many variants as a spoken one.
    • Vāṇī is to say something beautifully, musical in • Prātiśākhyas are the one who deal with the
    acceptable manner. variations of different branches of Vedas.
    • Panini’s grammar is a grammar of Bhāṣā. So • There are six Vedāṅgas (Auxiliary Sciences) to
    Indian knowledge systems have understood that understand the language of Vedas.
    language is speech.
    • These six Vedāṅgas are named as Śikṣā (Phonetics),
    • Bhāṣā, Vāk and Vāṇī -all the three are orality and Nirukta (Dictionary), Vyākaraṇa (Grammar), Chanda
    Language is speech. (Meter), Kalpa (Performing modes) and Jyotiṣa
    (Astronomy).

    4
    5
    THANK YOU.
    © DrSurabhi Verma

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