BGS INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOL, SEC-5 DWARKA NEW DELHI

SCIENCE CHAPTER- MOTION AND TIME

CLASS- VII SESSION 2021-22

Q1. Define the following terms:

1. Motion – Motion is a change in position or distance of an object with respect to time. It

2. Rest- An object is said to be at rest when it doesn’t change its position or distance with
respect to time.

3. Uniform motion- Objects that move in a straight line and maintain the same or constant
speed throughout the distance covered are said to be in uniform motion.

OR

When an object covers equal distance in equal intervals of time it is said to be in uniform
motion.

4. Non-uniform motion- Objects whose speed varies or keep changing are said to be in non-
uniform motion. OR
When an object covers unequal distance in equal interval of time it is said to be in non
uniform motion.

5. Oscillatory motion- The to and fro motion of an object.

Q2. What are the different types of motion?

Ans: 1. Rectilinear motion- Motion in a straight line or path. For example- march past of soldiers,
motion of train on a straight track.

2. Circular motion- When an object moves in a circular path it is said to be in circular motion.
For example- motion of a child in a merry go round, motion of pedals of a moving bicycle.

3. Rotational motion- When an object spins about a fixed axis it is said to be in rotational
motion. For example- rotation of earth, blades of a fan, etc.

4. Periodic motion- The motion which repeats itself after a fixed interval of time. For
example- swinging of a pendulum, motion of a swing, etc.

Q3. Define speed. (TO BE WRITTEN IN THE NOTEBOOK)

Ans: Speed is defined as the distance covered by an object per unit time. Its S.I unit is m/s

Formula- Speed = Distance/ Time

Q4. The speed of an object is 5 m/s . What does it mean?

Ans: It means that the object covers a distance of 5metre in one second.

Q5. What is a speedometer and an odometer?

Ans: Speedometer- An instrument on a vehicle’s dashboard which indicates the speed of the
vehicle.

Odometer- Instrument for measuring the distance covered by a vehicle.

Ans: 1. Uniform motion and non uniform motion

2. Object at rest-

Q7. Which object has a higher speed and why?

Q8. What is a simple pendulum? (TO BE WRITTEN IN THE NOTEBOOK)

Ans: A simple pendulum is a device used to calculate the time period.

It consists of a small metal ball called the Bob suspended by a long thread from a rigid
suppport, such that it is free to oscillate.

When the pendulum is at rest it is the MEAN POSITION. The extent to which a pendulum
oscillates, this point is called the EXTREME POSITION OR EXTREME POINT.
 (TO BE DRAWN IN THE NOTEBOOK)

Q9. Define time period. How will you find the time period of a simple pendulum?

Ans: Time period is defined as the time taken by a pendulum to complete one oscillation.

When the pendulum moves from one extreme point to another extreme point and comes
back to the same point it is said to complete one oscillation. It can be caclulated by knowing
the number of oscillations and the time taken.

Formula-
Time period= Time taken / No. of oscillations
Q10. What are quartz clocks/ watches?

Ans: These are special types of clocks or watches which have an electric circuit with one or more
cells. These watches/clocks use quartz crystal for their working.

NUMERICALS- MOTION AND TIME (TO BE WRITTEN IN THE NOTEBOOK)

Ans: Time taken= 32 seconds

No. of oscillations= 20
 Time period= Time taken / No of oscillations = 32/ 20= 1.6 seconds.

Q2. A school bus covers a distance of 7200 m in 1800 seconds. Calculate the speed.

Ans: Speed= Distance/ time = 7200/1800 = 4m/s

Q3. The distance between two stations is 240Km. A train taken 4 hour to cover this distance.
Calculate the speed of the train.

Ans: Distance= 240Km Time= 4Hr

Speed= distance/ time= 240/4 = 60km/hr

Q4. A car takes 4 hours to cover a distance with a speed of 100 km/hr. How much distance is
covered by the car?

Ans: Speed= Distance/ Time

Distance= ?

Time= 4 hour Speed= 100km/hr.

Distance= Speed X time = 100 X 4= 400 km

Q5. A car covers a distance of 250 km at a speed of 5 km/hr. How much time will it take to
cover this distance.

Ans: Speed= Distance / time

Distance= 250 km Speed= 5 km/hr

Time= Distance/ speed = 250 / 5= 50 hr

Q6. The speed of a car is 60m/s. Express it in km/hr.

Ans: Speed= 60m/s

1m= 1/1000 km , 1sec=1/3600 hr

60 X {1/1000 divided by 1/3600} = 216 km/hr

Q7. Odometer of a car reaches 57321km at 8:30am. What is the distance covered by the car at
8:50am when the odometer has changed to 57336 km. Calculate the speed of the car in
km/hr.

Ans: Intitial reading of odometer= 57321km

Final reading of odometer= 57336 km

Total distance covered by the car= 57336- 57321= 15km

Time taken by the car= 8:50- 8:30 = 20 min

60 min= 1 hour

1min= 1/60 hour = 20 min = 20/ 60 = 1/3 hour

Speed= distance/ time = 15 divided by 1/3= 45km/hr.

Q8. A car moves with a speed of 40 km/hr for 15 minutes and then with a speed of 60 km/hr
for the next 15 minutes. What is the total distance covered by the car?
Ans: First case: speed= 40km/hr Time=15min Distance=?

60min=1 hour 1min=1/60 hour 15min= 15/60=1/4 hour

Distance= Speed X time = 40 X ¼= 10 km

Second case: Speed= 60km/hr time= 15 min= ¼ hour

Distance= speed X time = 60 X ¼= 15 km

Total distance= Distance1 + Distance 2= 10+15= 25 km

Q9. Riyaa took 15 mins from her house to reach her school on a bicycle. If her bicycle has a
speed of 2m/s, Calculate the distance between her house and the school.

Ans: Time=15min Speed= 2m/s Distance=?

We have to check the units should be same. So well convert 15 min into seconds.

1min= 60 seconds 15min=15X60= 900 seconds

Distance = speed X time = 2 X 900= 1800 m

Q10. The distance travelled by a car at various times is shown below. Draw a distance time
graph for the same. What conclusion do you get from the graph? Calculate the speed of
the car at 5minutes.

Time(min): 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Distance(m): 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

This graph indicates that the object is in Uniform motion

Speed of the car at 5 minutes= Speed= distance/ time

Speed= 50/5= 10 m/min

Q11. Time (min): 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Distance(m): 0 6 10 15 22 33 45

Ans:

Q12.
Ans:

The graph indicates non uniform motion as the object covers unequal distance in equal
interval of time or equal distance in unequal interval of time.