MIT15 810F15 AnaFunl Prob
MIT15 810F15 AnaFunl Prob
MIT15 810F15 AnaFunl Prob
15.810 Marketing Management 1 Fall 2015
Each media company has told you how much they will charge and how many potential consumers they
will reach. For example, Banner Network A will charge you $600,000 and promises 310 million
impressions. (One impression is one consumer visiting a webpage that displays the banner, one time.)
But you are astute, so you ask other questions such as “What percent of consumers will click through?,”
“If they click through, what percent with start a loan application?,” and “If they start a loan application,
what percent will complete it?” The answers to these questions and other questions are given in the
table below (and already entered in the spreadsheet).
Banner Banner Search Search Dealer
Network A Network B Engine C Engine D Telemarketing Take‐1s
Cost quoted by medium $600,000 $400,000 $500,000 $300,000 $200,000 $100,000
Impressions, calls, or
310,000,000 47,000,000 20,000,000 50,000,000 10,000 $1,000,000
take‐1s
Click Through Rate 0.010% 0.020% 3% 1.5%
Percent reach potential
70% 1%
customer (call or take‐1)
Percent who begin the
15% 25% 7% 2% 40% 10%
application
Percent who complete if
40% 70% 15% 10% 80% 50%
they begin
Percent of completes
75% 90% 60% 50% 60% 60%
who are approved
Percent who buy the
auto and accept the 55% 75% 70% 50% 50% 50%
loan
Revenue per loan (net
$850 $1,000 $700 $550 $800 $900
of servicing cost)
To analyze these data, first compute the “hit rate,” that is the rate at which consumers accept loans
given they are exposed to an impression, call, or take‐1. Then compute the revenue, cost, and profit per
impression. You can also compute total revenue, total cost, and total profit for each of the media.
For the purpose of Question Set A, we will assume that each medium is independent. (This is clearly not
true; we’ll relax this assumption in Question Set B.) By “independent,” I mean that each medium reaches
a separate set of potential consumers.
Question Set A
1. In which media should you invest?
2. If you could choose only one medium, which is the best?
3. If you only had $500,000 to spend, how would you allocate your resources?
4. If you only had $1,000,000 to invest, how would you allocate your resources?
5. What is the general principle that enabled you to answer Questions 4 and 5?
15.810 Marketing Management 2 Fall 2015
More Advanced Managerial Challenge
Question Set B relaxes the independence assumption. To focus on the basic concept, we’ve reduced the
options to two banner advertising networks and one search engine. In this more advanced world,
banner advertising has a direct effect (click throughs), but it also influences whether or not consumers
search for our loan company.
The interactions are summarized by the following table. For example, 68% of the consumers who
search, do so after seeing no banners from either Banner Network A nor Banner Network B. These
consumers click through on the sponsored search advertising at a rate of 1.5%. In addition, 25% of the
consumers who search, do so after seeing a banner from Banner Network A. For these consumers the
click‐through rate increases to 2%.
Banners Search Engine
See
See See Banner
Banner Banner See no Banner Banner from A &
Network A Network B banners from A from B B
Percent in each 68% 25% 6% 1%
exposure category
Cost quoted by $600,000 $400,000 $500,000
medium
Search cost allocated $340,000 $125,000 $30,000 $5,000
Impressions 310,000,000 47,000,000 20,000,000
Search impressions 13,600,000 5,000,000 1,200,000 200,000
allocated
Click Through Rate 0.010% 0.020% 1.5% 2% 4% 4%
Percent who begin 15% 25% 5% 6% 10% 10%
the application
Percent who
complete if they 40% 70% 10% 10% 60% 60%
begin
Percent of completes 75% 90% 40% 50% 80% 80%
who are approved
Percent who buy the
auto and accept the 55% 75% 50% 50% 75% 75%
loan
Revenue per loan (net $850 $1,000 $550 $850 $1,000 $1,000
of servicing cost)
15.810 Marketing Management 3 Fall 2015
To analyze these data, we repeat the analyses we did for independent media. We do so for situations in
which we invest in both banner networks and search. We repeat the calculations for other combinations
such as Banner Network A only, plus search. In the companion spreadsheet, I “brute forced” the
calculations by simply repeating them. There are other more‐efficient ways to do the calculations, that I
leave to an advanced analytics course.
I also made some assumptions. For example, I assumed that none of the consumers who saw banners
would click through had they not seen the banners. Uses these assumptions to answer the questions in
Question Set B. However, feel free to use the spreadsheet to explore other assumptions.
To complete the spreadsheet, enter the appropriate formulae in the yellow box. These formulae should
be similar to those in the independence case. Then copy them to the green cells. You should be able to
use the summary at the top of the spreadsheet to answer the following questions.
Question Set B
1. Is it better in this example to invest in banners but no search or search but no banners?
2. What is the best strategy?
3. What combination of media gives the highest marginal return?
4. Should you invest in banners without search?
5. Should you invest in search without banners?
Additional Questions
You should be able to answer these additional questions by simply thinking about the spreadsheets, but
feel free to try different percentages to see if you can produce examples.
1. Can it be the case in which you invest in a banner advertising network with low click‐through
rates if it dramatically increases the click through on subsequent search?
2. Suppose you could bargain on the price quotes. How can you use the spreadsheets, especially
the spreadsheet in which media interact, to bargain with the media representatives?
3. What assumptions are built into the spreadsheets? How would you test the veracity of these
assumptions?
4. If you could not get the relevant percentages from the media companies, how would you obtain
them?
15.810 Marketing Management 4 Fall 2015
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