SHS Q1 LAS - Organization & Managements (Final)

BASILAN SCHOOLS DIVISION
Sta. Clara, Lamitan City, Basilan

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Dynamic Learning Program

Learning Activity Sheets (LAS)
ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT

(ACADEMIC TRACK SPECIALIZED SUBJECTS)
(FIRST QUARTER)
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) – Based
MELC: Week 1
Explain the meaning, functions, types and theories of management
MELC: Week 2
Explain the functions, roles and skills of a manager
MELC: Week 3
Analyze various forces/elements influencing local and international business
environment using PEST and SWOT strategies
MELC: Week 4
Analyze the forms and economic roles of business organizations.
Differentiate the phases of economic development and its impact to business
environment
MELC: Week 5
Discuss the nature and levels of planning and types of plans.
MELC: Week 6
Apply appropriate planning techniques and tools in business decision-making.
MELC: Week 7
Analyze the nature of organizations and types of organization structures.
MELC: Week 8
Apply organization theories for effective business management.
DYNAMIC LEARNING PROGRAM
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. NATURE AND CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT

A. DEFINITION AND FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT
B. EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THEORIES
C. FUNCTIONS, ROLES, AND SKILLS OF A MANAGER
II. THE FIRM AND ITS ENVIRONMENT

A. ENVIRONMENTAL FORCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING
B. THE LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT OF THE
FIRM
C. PHASES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
D. FORMS OF BUSINESS
III. PLANNING
A. DEFINITION AND NATURE OF PLANNING
B. TYPES OF PLANS
C. PLANNING AT DIFFERENT LEVELS IN THE FIRM
D. PLANNING TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
E. DECISION-MAKING
IV. ORGANIZING
A. NATURE OF ORGANIZATIONS
B. TYPES OF ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
C. ORGANIZATION THEORIES AND APPLICATIONS
D. DELEGATION
E. FORMAL AND INFORMAL ORGANIZATIONS
Tairan National High School
Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Year and Section:________________________________ Date:__________
LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:__1_
Subject: Organization and Management
Activity Title: Definition of Management

Learning Target: To explain the meaning of management
MELC: Explain the meaning, functions, types, and theories of management
References: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management www.merriamwebster.com
CONCEPT NOTES:
 Management (or managing) is the administration of an organization, whether it is a
business, a not-for-profit organization, or government body.
 Management includes the activities of setting the strategy of an organization and
coordinating the efforts of its employees (or of volunteers) to accomplish its
objectives through the application of available resources, such as financial, natural,
technological, and human resources.
 The term "management" may also refer to those people who manage an organization
- individually: managers.
Example:
In business, we have the manager in a company who manage his/her
employee in order to organize some projects to produce a better
outcome.
Assessment:
TRUE OR FALSE
A. Write T if the statement suggest truth about the management and F if it is false.
________1. Management is the administration of an organization, whether it is not a
business, a not-for-profit organization, or government body.
________2. The term "management" may also refer to the people who manage an
organization
________3. Managers suggesting his/her opinion in a group discussion is an example of
management.
B. Based on your own observation, what is management? Cite an example.

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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:__2_
Activity Title: Functions of Management

Learning Target: To explain the functions of management
MELCS: Explain the meaning, functions, types, and theories of management
References: https://www.cleverism.com/functions-of-management-planning-organizing-
staffing
CONCEPT NOTES:
Functions of Management
Planning
 The function is about creating a detailed plan towards achieving a specific
organizational objective. Example: An objectives or goals at the end of your plan.
Organizing
 It’s about using the plan to bring together the physical, financial and other
available resources and use them to achieve the organizational goal. You need to
organize it and start with step by step procedures.
Staffing
 The focus is on people and their labor in relation to the organizational objectives.
Dividing and assigning the task in each members or employees.
Directing
 Directing in essence is looking after productivity and ensuring productivity is going
up instead of decreasing. To strengthen the operational capacity of the
organization.
Controlling
 Ensures the other four functions are followed correctly and the flow of work is
moving the organization towards the objectives it has set itself.
Assessment
Fill in the blank. Write the correct answer on the space provided before the number.
______1. Ensuring the four functions are followed correctly.
______2. Creating a detailed plan to achieve the goals or objectives.
______3 Assigning the task to each members who are capable of doing it.
______4. Strengthen the operational capability of the organization.
Essay: Choose one function of management, explain and cite an example.

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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:_3__
Activity Title: Types of Management

Learning Target: To identify and explain the four types of management
References: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_style
CONCEPT NOTES:
You have already know the meaning and functions of management. Now, we will proceed to
the types of management style.
Autocratic mana
The most controlling of the management styles. Variations of this style are authoritative,
persuasive, and paternalistic. Autocratic managers make all of the decisions in the
workplace. Communication with this type of management is one way, top-down to the
employees. Employee ideas and contributions are not encouraged or considered necessary.
Roles and tasks are clearly defined, and workers are expected to follow these directions
without question while being consistently checked and supervised
Democratic
The democratic management style involves managers reaching decisions with the input of
the employees but being responsible for making the final decision. There are many
variations of this style of management including consultative, participative, and
collaborative styles. Employee ideas and contributions are encouraged, but not necessary.
Communication is both top-down and bottom-up and makes for a cohesive team.
Laissez-faire
The laissez-faire management style involves little or no interference from management.
The staff do not need supervision and are highly skilled which allows management to take
the hands off approach and leave the problem solving, and decision making to the staff.
Assessment:
Enumeration: What are the three basic types of management style?
1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
Essay: Choose only one management style and explain briefly cite an example.
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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:_4__
Activity Title: Theories of Management

Learning Target: To explain and distinguish the theories of management
References: https://corporatefinanceinstitutes.com/management
CONCEPT NOTES:
Theories of Management
1. Scientific Management Theory
 According to Taylor money was the key incentive for working “fair day’s wages for
a fair day’s work”. The collaboration between the employee and the employer.
2. System management Theory
 According to the theory, the success of an organization depends on several key
elements: synergy, independence, and interrelations between various subsystems.
3. contingency management theory
 According to Fiedler’s theory leadership traits handy for every kind of situation
means leader must be flexible enough to adapt to the changing environment.
4. Theory x and Theory y
 McGregor developed two management style: the authoritarian (theory X) and the
parcipative (theory y).
Assessment:
Enumerate the four most popular theories of management and explain it briefly.
1. ______________________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________________
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3. ______________________________________________________________
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4. ______________________________________________________________
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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:_5__
Activity Title: Functions of Manager

Learning Target: To distinguish and the function of manager
MELC: Explain the functions, roles, and skills of a manager
References: www.scrib.com/presentation/332033788/Function-Role-skill-of-a-manager
www.merriamwebster.com
CONCEPT NOTES:
We have done with the meaning, functions, types, and theories of management. And now,
we’ll proceed to functions, roles, and skills of a manager.
Functions of a Manager
PLANNING
 Critical thinking and making decision through goals and objectives. Managers use
this process to plan for the future to foresee problems, decides on the action to
invade difficulties issues and beat the competition.
ORGANIZING
 Manager must organize well before in hand to put into practice the course of
action. Determine the inside directorial configuration, establish and maintain
relationships and assign required resources.
STAFFING
 Manager decides to build up his staffing by recruiting, selecting, training and
developing employees.
DIRECTING
 Process of activating the efforts towards the achievement of organizational
objectives.
CONTROLLING
 Establishing standards of performance, measuring current performance, comparing
actual results with the established standards.
Assessment:
Complete the letters to form the correct words based from what you have read.
1. _ _ _ A _ _ _ I _ _ 2. _ _ _ _ R _ _ _ _ N _
Essay: What is the most difficult function of a manager? Why?

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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:_6__
Activity Title: Roles of a Manager

Learning Target: To identify and explain the roles of manager
Concept Notes:
A manager wears many hats, not only as a team leader but he/she also a planner,
organizer, cheerleader, coach, problem solver and decision maker—all rolled into one.
 INTERPERSONAL ROLE
this category involves providing information and ideas. Figurehead a person with
authority. Leadership with his team and organization. Communicate regularly with
organization.
 INFORMATIONAL ROLE
involves providing information serve as a monitor, disseminator and spokesperson.
 DECISIONAL ROLE-
involve using information in entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and
negotiator.
Assessment:
Arrange the letters to form the correct words based from the written clues.
1. N O I T A L F N I O M R A – serve as monitor
2. I S A L I C N E D O – resource allocator
3. A N O L R E P S E T N I R – easily socialize and communicate
Essay: In your own opinion, why manager role is important?

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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:_7__
Activity Title: Skills of a Manager

Learning Target: To determine and explain the skills of a manager
CONCEPT NOTES
In addition to fulfilling numerous roles the manager need a number of specific skills if he
wants to be succeed. The most fundamental management skills are technical.
Interpersonal, conceptual, communication, decision making and time management skills.

 Technical skills- to accomplish or understand the specific kind of work being in an
organization. Training subordinates and answering question about work related
problem.
 Interpersonal skills –interacting with people both inside and outside the
organization. The ability to communicate, understand and motivate both individual
and groups.
 Communication skills- ability to effectively deliver ideas and information to
others and to effectively receive information and ideas from the others.
Assessment:
Fill in the blank. Writes your answer on the space provided before the number.
______ 1. Skills that contain sending and receiving information.

______ 2. Interacting with people both inside and outside organization.
______ 3. Accomplish and understand the specific kind of work in an organization.
ESSAY;
Compare and contrast manager roles and skills using Venn diagram.
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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:_8__
Activity Title: SWOT and PEST Strategies in Business

Learning Target: To determine the “SWOT” and “PEST” strategies in business
MELC: Analyze various forces/elements influencing local and international business
environment using PEST and SWOT strategies.
References: www.talkbussiness.com.uk/2015/03/05/a-swot-analysis-of-business-
globalization-2/
https://www.groupmap.com/map-templates/pest-anaalysis/
CONCEPT NOTES:
SWOT analysis is a conceptual tool used by a business to identify its strengths,
weakness, opportunities, and treats. Its power in understanding a business arises from
its simplicity, and this translates into new perspective, effective thinking and smart
analysis.
PEST analysis is a strategic business tool used by organizations to discover, evaluate,

organize and track micro economic factors which can impact on their business now and
in the future. The framework examines the opportunities and treats due to political,
economic, social, and technological
Assessment
Essay
1. What are the difference between SWOT analysis and PEST analysis?
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2. If you’ve given a chance to start a business what strategy will you apply and why?
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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:_9__
Activity Title: The use of SWOT analysis in a business

Learning Target: To identify factors that affecting business by using SWOT analysis
MELC: Analyze various forces/elements influencing local and international business
globalization-2/
CONCEPT NOTES:
SWOT ANALYSIS
Strengths
Any company at sells a product service needs to know the competitors it faces in the
market. What about its product makes it competitive and what the company can do to
remain competitive in the market place? Examine the external factors like new laws, a
relaxing of tariffs or any other variable that can affect the business.
Weaknesses
These are some commonly considered internal factors; financial resources, physical
resources, human resources. And for external factors; market trends, economic trends,
funding, demographic, relationship with suppliers and partners, political environmental and
economic regulations.
Opportunities
Include an unfulfilled need of consumers or new technological arrivals. For example, the
internet became a new way to market product in the mid-1990’s. a competitor can go out
of business and provide a company with new out segment in which to sell its product.
Treats
One external treat is a government regulation. For example, the tobacco industry has
faced regulation from the Federal Drug Administration. Which can have a negative impact
on sales
Assessment:
1. Enumerate factors affecting business by using SWOT analysis.

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:_10__
Activity Title: PEST Analysis

Learning Target: To determine the factors affecting business by using PEST analysis
MELCS: Analyze various forces/elements influencing local and international business
globalization-2/
CONCEPT NOTES:
PEST ANALYSIS
Political or politically motivated factors could impact the organization. Examples are
government policy, political stability, bureaucracy, corruption, competition regulation,
foreign trade, trade restrictions, protection laws, funding grands and initiative.
Economic forces that could impact on your success. Examples are economic trends,
growth rates, industry growth, seasonal factors, international exchange rate,
international trade, labor cost, consumer disposable income, unemployed income, rates,
taxation, interest, availability of credit and raw material costs.
Social attitudes, behavior, and tends impact n your organization and target market.
Examples are attitude and shared beliefs about a range of factors including money,
customer service, imports, religion, health, work, population growth and life style trends
Technological can affect the way you make, distribute, and market your product and
service. Includes technology and communications, consumer access to technology,
competitors and emerging technology, automation, innovation and research and
intellectual property regulation
Assessment:
1. Give at least two factors affecting business by using PEST analysis? Choose one
factor and explain it briefly.
Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:__11_
Activity Title: SWOT and PEST analysis

Learning Target: To differentiate “SWOT” from “PEST” analysis
globalization-2/
CONCEPT NOTES:
SWOT analysis is a conceptual tool used by a business to identify its strengths,
weakness, opportunities, and treats. Its power in understanding a business arises from
its simplicity, and this translates into new perspective, effective thinking and smart
analysis. This strategy used to identify the internal factors of business organization.
PEST analysis is a strategic business tool used by organizations to discover, evaluate,

organize and track micro economic factors which can impact on their business now and in
the future. The framework examines the opportunities and treats due to political,
economic, social, and technological forces. This strategy used to identify the external
factors of business organization.
Assessment
1. Differentiate SWOT analysis from PEST analysis.
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2. In your opinion, what is the most effective strategy? why?

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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:__12_
Activity Title: Types of Business Organization

Learning Target: To identify and explain the types of business organization
MELC: Analyze the forms and economic roles of business organization
References: www.marketbusinessnews.com
https://www.rifkindpatrick.com/Blog/2015/November/The-4-Major-
Business-Organization-Forms.aspx
CONCEPT NOTES:
Sole Proprietorship
The simplest and most common form of business ownership, sole proprietorship is a
business owned and run by someone for their own benefit. The business’ existence is
entirely dependent on the owner’s decisions, so when the owner dies, so does the
business.
Partnership
In general partnerships, both owners invest their money, property, labor, etc. to the
business and are both 100% liable for business debts. In other words, even if you invest a
little into a general partnership, you are still potentially responsible for all its debt.
General partnerships do not require a formal agreement—partnerships can be verbal or
even implied between the two business owners.
Corporation
The profits generated by a corporation are taxed as the “personal income” of the
company. Then, any income distributed to the shareholders as dividends or profits are
taxed again as the personal income of the owners.
Limited Liability Company (LLC) provides owners with limited liability while providing
some of the income advantages of a partnership. Essentially, the advantages of
partnerships and corporations are combined in an LLC, mitigating some of the
disadvantages of each.
Assessment
Enumerate the four types of business organization.
1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________
3. _______________________________
4. _______________________________
Essay: Which of the following business organization is the simplest? Why?
Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:__13_
Activity Title: Advantage and Disadvantage of Sole Proprietorship and Partnership

Learning Target: To determine the advantage and disadvantage of sole proprietorship and
partnership of business organization
References: https://www.rifkindpatrick.com/Blog/2015/November/The-4-Major-
CONCEPT NOTES:
Advantages of sole proprietorship:
 All profits are subject to the owner
 There is very little regulation for proprietorships
 Owners have total flexibility when running the business
 Very few requirements for starting—often only a business license
Disadvantages:
 Owner is 100% liable for business debts
 Equity is limited to the owner’s personal resources
 Ownership of proprietorship is difficult to transfer
 No distinction between personal and business income
Advantages of partnerships:
 Shared resources provides more capital for the business.
 Each partner shares the total profits of the company
 Similar flexibility and simple design of a Proprietorship.
 Inexpensive to establish a business partnership, formal
orinformal
Disadvantages:
 Each partner is 100% responsible for debts and losses
 Selling the business is difficult—requires finding new partner
 Partnership ends when any partner decides to end it
Assessment
1. What are the similarities and differences of both sole proprietorships and
partnerships?
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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:__14_
Activity Title: Advantages and Disadvantages of Corporation and Limited Liability of

Company (LLC)
Learning Target: To determine the advantage and disadvantage of corporation and limited
liability of company
References: https://www.rifkindpatrick.com/Blog/2015/November/The-4-Major-
CONCEPT NOTES:
Advantages of a corporation:
 Limits liability of the owner to debts or losses
 Profits and losses belong to the corporation
 Can be transferred to new owners fairly easily
 Personal assets cannot be seized to pay for business debts
Disadvantages:
 Corporate operations are costly
 Establishing a corporation is costly
 Start a corporate business requires complex paperwork
 With some exceptions, corporate income is taxed twice
Advantages of an LLC:
 Limits liability to the company owners for debts or losses
 The profits of the LLC are shared by the owners without double-
taxation
Disadvantages:
 Ownership is limited by certain state laws
 Agreements must be comprehensive and complex
 Beginning an LLC has high costs due to legal and filing fees
Assessment
1. Why do we need to determine the advantages and disadvantages of corporation and
LLC?
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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:__15_
Activity Title: Economic Growth and Development

Learning Target: To differentiate economic growth from economic development
References: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_development
CONCEPT NOTES:
In the economic study of the public sector, economic and social development is the
process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation, region, local
community, or an individual are improved according to targeted goals and objectives.
Economic growth deals with an increase in the level of output, but economic development
is related to an increase in output coupled with improvement in the social and political
welfare of people within a country. Therefore, economic development encompasses both
growth and welfare values.
Economic development is a term that practitioners, economist, politicians, and others

have used frequently in the 20th century. Economic development has a direct relationship
with the environment.
Assessment
1. Can economic growth and development affect our daily life? In what way and why?
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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:__16_
Activity Title: Phases of Economic Development

Learning Target: To explain and differentiate phases of economic development
MELC: Differentiate the phases of economic development and its impact to business
environment
References: www.slideshare.net/mobile/RichPagaduanl/phases-of-economic-development
Concept Notes:
5 phases of Economic Development
2. Malthusian – the economic growth which is inversely proportional to the population.
The smaller population, the higher the economic growth and vice versa. An
economic growth which depends on the rate of population of a certain area.
3. Government –LED (Local Economic Development)-an approach towards economic
development which allows and encourages local people to work together to achieve
sustainable economic growth and development. Support the formation of
partnership between local and national institution towards strategic
implementation.
4. A La Kutznet (Government vs. Environment)- existent of a pattern behavior,
between economic growth and environmental degradation.
5. Human Capital Based-refers to the knowledge, skills set, and motivation that
people have, which provide economic value. It could invest through education,
trainings, and enhanced benefits that leads to improvement in the quality and levels
of production.
6. Post Demographic Transition- transition from high birth and death rate to lower
birth and death rate as the country develops from pre- industrial to an
industrialized economic system
Assessment
1. In your opinion, which of the following phases of economic development is the
easiest to achieve? Why?
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2. How can we improve the economic well-being and quality of life for a community?
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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:__17_
Activity Title: Economic Cycle

Learning Target: To explain the economic cycle
environment
References: www.marketbusinessnews.com
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wmopen-
introbusiness/chapter/economic-stages/
CONCEPT NOTES:
Economic Cycle
The term economic cycle (or boom-bust cycle) refers to economy-wide fluctuations in
production, trade, and general economic activity. From a conceptual perspective, the
economic cycle is the upward and downward movements of levels of GDP (gross domestic
product) and refers to periods of expansion and contraction in the level of economic
activities (business fluctuations) around a long-term growth trend.
Economic cycles are identified as having four distinct economic stages: expansion, peak,
contraction, and trough.
An expansion is characterized by increasing employment, economic growth, and upward

pressure on prices. A peak is the highest point of the business cycle, when the economy is
producing at maximum allowable output, employment is at or above full employment, and
inflationary pressures on prices are evident. Following a peak, the economy typically
enters into a correction which is characterized by a contraction where growth slows,
employment declines (unemployment increases), and pricing pressures subside. The
slowing ceases at the trough and at this point the economy has hit a bottom from which
the next stage of expansion and contraction will emerge. In the United States, it is
generally accepted that the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) is the final
arbiter of the dates of the peaks and troughs of the economic cycle.
Assessment
1. What is the first stages of economic cycle?
2. What is the third stages of economic cycle?
3. Does the cycle still applicable if one stages are missing? Why?
Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:__18_
Activity Title: Impacts of Economic Development in our Environment

Learning Target: To identify the impacts of economic development in our environment
environment
References: https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/145989/economics/environmental-
impact-of-economic-growth/
Concept Notes:
The environmental impact of economic growth includes the increased consumption of non-
renewable resources, higher levels of pollution, global warming and the potential loss of
environmental habitats.
However, not all forms of economic growth cause damage to the environment. With rising
real incomes, individuals have a greater ability to devote resources to protecting the
environment and mitigate the harmful effects of pollution. Also, economic growth caused
by improved technology can enable higher output with less pollution.
For example, the pace of global economic growth in the past century has led to a decline
in the availability of natural resources such as forests (cut down for agriculture/demand
for wood)
-A decline in sources of oil/coal/gas
-Loss of fishing stocks – due to overfishing
-Loss of species diversity – damage to natural resources has led to species
extinction.
Assessment
1. How can we lessen or avoid the environmental damages caused by the economic
development?
Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:__19_
Activity Title: Phases and Impact of Economic Growth and Development

Learning Target: To differentiate phases and impact of economic growth and
development
environment
References: https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/145989/economics/environmental-
CONCEPT NOTES
 Economic development phases can help us to increase and sustain the needs of our
economy. Its improve the social and political welfare of people within a country. It
can also help the target goals and objectives of every individual.
 The environmental impact of economic growth includes the increased consumption
of non-renewable resources, higher levels of pollution, global warming and the
potential loss of environmental habitats.
 However, not all forms of economic growth cause damage to the environment. With
rising real incomes, individuals have a greater ability to devote resources to
protecting the environment and mitigate the harmful effects of pollution. Also,
economic growth caused by improved technology can enable higher output with less
pollution.
Assessment
1. How economic development phases help us to increase and sustain the needs of our
family, community and economy?
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2. Differentiate economic development phases into economic development impacts?
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Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:_20_
Activity Title: Economic growth without Environmental Damage

Learning Target: To avoid environmental damage in our environment
environment
References:https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/145989/economics/environmental-
CONCEPT NOTES:
Some ecologists argue economic growth invariably leads to environmental damage.
However, there are economists who argue that economic growth can be consistent with a
stable environment and even improvement in the environmental impact. This will involve
A shift from non-renewables to renewables
 A recent report suggests that renewable energy is becoming cheaper than more
damaging forms of energy production such as burning coal and in 2018 – this has led
to a 39% drop in new construction starts from 2017, and an 84% drop since 2015.
Social cost pricing.
 If economic growth causes external costs, economists state it is socially efficient
to include the external cost in the price (e.g. carbon tax). If the tax equals the full
external cost, it will lead to a socially efficient outcome and create a strong
incentive to promote growth that minimizes external costs.
Treat the environment as a public good.
 Environmental policy which protects the environment, through regulations,
government ownership and limits on external costs can, in theory, enable economic
growth to be based on protection of the environmental resource.
Technological development.
 It is possible to replace cars running on petrol with cars running on electricity from
renewable sources. This enables an increase in output, but also a reduction in the
environmental impact. There are numerous possible technological developments
which can enable greater efficiency, lower costs and less environmental damage.
Include quality of life and environmental indicators in economic statistics
Assessment
1. How can we avoid the environmental damage in our surroundings?
2. Does burning garbage specially plastics can damage our environment?
Why?

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________
LRN:__________________________
Subject:________________________ Activity No.:__21_
Activity title: THE PLANNING AND THE PLANNERS

Learning Target: 1.To learn the different steps in planning
2. To discuss the top level management planning strategic planning)
MELC: Discuss the nature and levels of planning and types of plans
Reference: Organization and Management Textbook pp. 30 – 31
Concept Notes:
Planning is a process and, as such, involves step – from carrying out its purpose, setting of
goals and determining what should be done to accomplish them.
Shermerhor five steps in planning purpose
1. Define your goal by identifying desired outcomes in a very specific way.
2. Determine where your stand in relation to set goals; know your strengths and
weaknesses.
3. Develop premises regarding future conditions, anticipate future events, generate
alternatives “Scenarios” for what may happen; identify for each scenario things
that may help on higher progress toward your goals.
4. Analyze and choose among action alternatives; list and carefully evaluate possible
actions and choose the alternative most likely to accomplish goals.
5. Implement the plan and evaluate results; - take corrective action and revise plans
as needed.
Planning at Different Levels in the Firm

Top – level management planning (strategic planning) - starts with defining the
organization’s goals/ objectives the major targets, related to the maintenance of the
organization’s stability, and growth improving its productivity, profitably, effectiveness,
and efficiency, among others. Top level managers are responsible for the organization’s
strategic planning which involves making decisions about the organization’s long – term
goals and strategies. CEO, company presidents or the organization’s senior executive
develop and execute the said strategic plan. However, they do not formulate or execute
the plan on their own; a management team supports and helps top – level managers in
carrying out this task.
ASSESSMENT:
1. Name the five steps in planning. Is there a particular step that could be bypassed or
eliminated? _______________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2. How do you describe a top- level manager? ______________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________
Subject:________________________ Activity No.:_22_
Activity title: BUSINESS PLANNING

Learning Target: To gain deeper understanding on the different level of planning
MELC: - Discuss the nature and levels of planning and types of plans
Concept Notes:
Planning at different levels of management includes strategic planning; tactical planning
and operational planning.
Middle – Level Management Planning or Tactical Planning
Refers to a set of a procedure for changing or transforming broad strategic goals and
plans into specific goals and plans that are applicable and needed in one unit/ portion of
the organization. It is focused on major actions that must be done by a unit in order to
contribute its share for the achievement of the strategic plan.
Organi
zation
missio
n
Strategic Planning
Organization goals
Organization objectives
Tactical planning Department objectives
Division objectives
Department objectives
Operational
planning
Individual objectives
Frontline/Lower – level Management Planning or Operational Planning – involves

identifying the specific procedure and processes required at the lower levels of the
organization. This also involves routine task or task repeatedly done by the organization’s
lower level unit.
ASSESSMENT:
1. Describe present day organizational planning. Is it rigid or flexible? Explain your
answer.

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________
Activity Title: TECHNIQUE AND TOOLS OF PLANNING

Learning Target: To familiarize the different planning tools and techniques.
MELC- Apply appropriate planning techniques and tools in business decision making
Reference: Organization and Management Textbook p.34
CONCEPT NOTES:
Different technique and tools used for effective planning by Schemerhorn
1. Fore Casting- An attempt to predict what may happen in the future. All planning
types, without exception, make use of forecasts such as employment and
unemployment rates, stock market data. Forecasts used may either in qualitative or
quantitative
>Qualitative forecast- Opinions of prominent economist
> Quantitative forecast- Mathematical calculations, statistical analysis of
survey/researches.
2. Contingency Planning- May offer alternative courses of action when the

unexpected happens or when things go wrong. It must be prepared by managers,
ready for implementation when things do not turn out as they showed be.
Contingency factors called trigger points. Trigger point- Change in an attribute,
condition, factor, parameter, or value that represents crossing a threshold and
actuates or initiates a mechanism or reaction that may lead to a radically different
state of affairs.
Assessment: (15 points)

1. Why are trigger points important in contingency plans? Explain your answer.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________
Activity Title: BUSINESS PLANNING

Learning Target: 1.To understand nature in planning
2. Know the importance of planning of business success.
MELC: - Discuss the nature and levels of planning and types of plans
Reference: Organization and Management Text Book pp. 26-29
CONCEPT NOTES:
Planning – is an extremely complex process since it requires a systematic method for
recognizing and analyzing the elements of the organization’s external environment and
matching them with the firm’s internal environment’s factors and capabilities. It is the
first management function and a very essential component of management. It is a
process that involves the setting on the organization’s goals, establishing strategies for
accomplishing those goals, and developing plans of action or means that managers intent
to use to achieve organizational goals.
Goal setting – the identification of targets or desired ends that management wants to
reach.
Vision – a mental image of what the organization will be in the future as desired by the
company management and employee.
Mission – Basic purpose of an organization and range of their operations.
Objectives – Steps needed in order to attain desired ends. Planning – Performance

relationship should be associated with the time spent in preparing and executing a formal
organization or individual plan.
A well – thought – out plan requires a larger period of presentation; its execution on
application must also be done for a certain period of time – months or years before it
begins to affect performance.
ASSESSMENT: Explanation: (10 pts each)

1. Why do you think Goal is different from Plan? Give an instant.
2. Is Goal Setting comes first before planning? How? Explain your answer.

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________
Activity title: TYPES OF PLANS

Learning Target: To distinguish the different types of plans
Learning Competency: Discuss the nature and levels of planning and types of plans
CONCEPT NOTES:
Organizational plans can be generally described in terms of comprehensiveness, length of
time covered or time frame, specificity and frequency of used. Types of Plans
1. Organizational plan – a comprehensive plan for the entire organization, covering
time frame, specific purpose, frequency of use and others.
2. Strategic plans – plans that establish the organizations over all goals and apply to
the entire firm; they are broad in scope and are the responsibility of the
organization’s president or Chief Operating Officers
3. Operational plans - plans that apply to a particular unit area only; their scope is
narrow and prepared by lower level managers.
4. Long term pans- plans that go beyond their years; everyone must understand the
organization’s Long – term plans to avoid confusion that may divert the organization
members’ attention
5. Short Term plans – plans that cover one year or less; such plans must lead toward
the attainment of long term goals and are the responsibility of the unit
/department heads
6. Directive plans – plans that are flexible or give general guidelines only; although
flexible and general, there plans must still be related to the strategic plans.
7. Specific plans – plans that are clearly stated and which have no room for
interpretation; language used must be very understandable
8. Single use plans – plans used or stated once only as this applies to their
organization; refer to the operational plans of the firm.
9. Standing plans – plans that are ongoing; provide guidance for different activities
done repeatedly; refer to the identified activities of operational plans.
ASSESSMENT: Essay for 20 pts.

1. Which plan is described as short term, specific, and narrow? Explain your answer.
Sta. Clara. Lamitan City, Basilan
Name: _________________________________________ Score: ____________

Year and Section: _________________________________ Date: _____________
LRN: _____________________ LAS No.: ___26___
Activity Title: PLANNING TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

Learning Target: To discuss the different techniques and tools for business planning
MELC- Apply appropriate planning techniques and tools in business decision making
Reference: Organization and Management Textbook p.34
CONCEPT NOTES:

Scenario Planning is a long term planning. This is a big help for organizations because it
allows them to plan ahead and make necessary adjustments in their strategies and
operations. Some examples of changes or challenges that may arise in future scenarios
are environmental pollution, human rights violations, climate and weather changes,
earthquake damages to communities, and others.
Benchmarking is another planning technique that generally involves external comparisons

of a company practices and technologies with those of other companies. Its main purpose
is to find out what other people and organizations do well and then plan how to
incorporate these practices into the company’s operations. A common benchmarking
technique is to search for best practices used by other organizations that enabled them
to achieve superior performance.
Internal benchmarking is also practiced by some organizations when they encourage all
their employees working in their different work units to learn and improve by sharing one
another’s best practices.
Participatory planning is a planning process that includes the people who will be affected
by the plans and those who will be asked to implement them in all planning steps.
Creativity, increased and acceptance and understanding of plans, and commitment to the
success of plans are the positive results of this planning technique.
Questions:
1. Give at least five business forecasts that may occur here in the Philippines three
years from now. Use either qualitative or quantitative forecasting.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. How can planning through benchmarking be used by the owner/manager of a five-
star hotel? Explain your answer.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

Name: _________________________________________ Score: ____________

LRN: _____________________ LAS No.: ___27___
Activity title: THE ART OF DECISION MAKING

Learning Target: 1. To define what is decision making
2. To identify and discuss the different types of decision making
MELC: - Apply appropriate planning techniques and tools in the business decision making
Reference: Organization and management pp 36-37
CONCEPT NOTES:
Decision – is a choice among possible alternative actions. It is a challenge and requires
careful consideration for the decision maker.
Types of Decision
1. Structured or Programmed Decision- a decision that is repetitive and can be
handled using a routine approach. It is used to resolve structured problems which
are straight forward, familiar, and easily defined. This is not an unusual situation,
and, therefore, standardized solution to such a problem may be readily available.
2. Unstructured or nonprogrammed Decision –applied to the resolution of problems
that are new or unusual, and for which information is incomplete. Such decision are
describe to be unique, nonrecurring and need custom made decisions.
Types of Decision Making Condition

1. Certainty Condition- an ideal condition in deciding problems; these are situations
in which a manager can make precise decisions because the results of all
alternatives are known.
2. Risk or Uncertainty Condition- a more common condition in deciding a problems. It
compel the decision maker to do estimates regarding the possible occurrence of
certain outcomes that may affect solution to the problem. Historical data from the
decision maker own experiences and other secondary information may be used as a
base for decisions to be made.
Questions: Explanation 10 pts. each

1. How is Structure decision differs from Unstructured?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. Which one is easier to make and why? Explain your answer.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

Name: _________________________________________ Score: ____________

LRN: _____________________ LAS No.: ___28___
Activity Title: THE STEPS OF DECISION MAKING

Learning Target: To discuss and understand the steps in decision making process.
MELC: - Apply appropriate planning techniques and tools in the business decision making
Reference: Organization and management p. 36
CONCEPT NOTES:
THE DECISION - MAKING PROCESS ACCORDING TO ROBBINS AND COULTER
STEP 1: Identify the Problem.

 The problem may be defined as a puzzling circumstance or a discrepancy between
an existing and desired condition.
STEP 2: Identify the Decision Criteria.
 These are important or relevant to resolving the identified problem.
STEP 3: Allocate Weights to the Criteria.
 This is done in order to give the decision maker the correct priority in making the
decision.
STEP 4: Develop Alternatives.
 This step requires the decision maker to list down possible alternatives that could
help resolve the identified problem.
STEP 5: Analyze the Alternatives.
 Alternatives must be carefully evaluated by the decision maker using criteria
identified in STEP 2.
STEP 6: Select an Alternative.
 This is the process of choosing the best alternative the one which has the highest
total points in STEP 5.
STEP 7: Implement the Chosen Alternatives.
 This is step puts the decision into action. Changes in the environment must be
observed and assessed, especially in cases of long – term decisions, to see if the
chosen alternative is still the best one.
STEP 8: Evaluate Decisions Effectiveness.
 This is the last step and involves the evaluation of the outcome or result of the
decision to see if the problem was resolved. If the problem still exists, the
manager has to access what went wrong and, if needed, repeat a step or the whole
process.
Question: Explanation: (20pts)

1. Choose one problem in a ready-to-wear garments manufacturing company. Solve
your identified problem by going through the eight steps of the decision-making
process. _______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:_29_
Activity Title: ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE 1

Learning Target: Distinguish the Various Type of Organization Structure
MELCS: Analyze the nature of organization and types of organization structure.
References: Organization and Management Textbook

CONCEPT NOTE:
Differentiation in Organizations involves division of labor and specialization

according to Bateman and Snell (2008). These necessary result from the organizations
composition many different units with different kinds of task, using different skill and
work activities coordinating with one another for a command end.
Division of Labor involves assigning different tasks to different people in the

organizations different work units. Related to its Specialization, the process in which
different individuals and units perform different tasks. An organizations overall work in
complex and would is too much for any individuals, therefore, the bigger the organization
the more works units or work divisions and specialization are to the expected.
Integration is another process in the organizations internal environment which

involves the collaboration and coordination of its different work units or work division.
Coordination refers to the procedures that connect the work activities of the
different work activities of the different work division/units of the firm is order to
achieve the overall goal. The more highly differentiated one’s organization is the greater
the need for integration among the different units.
ASSESSMENT:
1. How does integration differ from coordination?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. Give their similarities and differences of integration and coordination.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

LRN:__________________________ Activity No.:_30_
Activity Title: ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE 2

Learning Target: Distinguish the various type of Organization Structure
References: Organization and Management Textbook
MELC: Analyze the nature of organization and types of organization structure.
CONCEPT NOTE:
An organization is a system made up of-task to be accomplished, work movements

from one work level to other work levels is the systems, reporting relationships, and
communication passage ways that unite the work of different individual persons and
groups.
Vertical Organization Structure – clears out issues related to authority rights,

responsibilities and reporting relationships. Authority rights refer to the legitimate right
of individuals, appointed in positions like President, Vice President, Manager and the like
to give orders to their coordinators, who in turn, report to them what they have done.
Horizontal Organization Structure – refers to a selection of independent, usually

single-function organizations that work together to produce a product or service. It is
the departmentalization of an organization into smaller work units as task become
increasingly varied and numerous.
Network Structure – is a collection if independent usually single function

organization/companies that work together is order to produce a product or service such
network organizations are each capable of doing there own specialize work activities
independently, like producing distributing designing, etc., but are capable of working
effectively at the same time with other network members working effectively at the
same time with other network members.

ASSESSMENT: 15 points
1. Make your own organizational chart using vertical structure.

Name: _________________________________________ Score: ____________
LRN: _____________________ LAS No.: ________
Activity Title: CHAPTER TEST

Learning Target: To be able to answer the assessment correctly
A. Modified True or False. Write the word True if the statement is True. Otherwise,
write the word False and change the underlined word to make the statement correct.
_______1. Division of Labor involves assuming different takes to different people in the
organization’s different work units.
_______ 2. Integration is the process in which different individuals and units perform
different task.
_______ 3. Specialization is the process in the organization’s internal environment which
involves the collaboration and coordination of its different work units.
_______ 4. The smaller the organization, the more work units and specialization are to
be expected.
_______ 5. There are two main classifications of theories regarding organizational
design according to Robbin and coulter (2009).
_______ 6. Delegation refers to assuming a new or additional task to subordinate.
_______ 7. Traditional pertains to the usual or old fashioned ways.
_______ 8. Divisional is made up of separate business units.
_______ 9. Boundary-Less Design modern organizational design where the design is not
defined or limited.
_______ 10. The more highly differentiated one’s organization is, the Greater the need
for integration among the different units.
B. Matching Type. Match the terms in Column A to their Equivalent meanings in Column
B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided.
Column A Column B
_____ 1. A collection of independent, usually A. Matrix-Project Design
single function organization
_____ 2. A selection of independent, usually B. Coordination
single function organization
_____ 3. The legitimate rights of individuals C. New
appointed in positions like president.
_____ 4. Contemporary D. Network Structure
_____ 5. The Entire organization is made up E. Team Design
Of work’s groups or team
_____ 6. Old-Fashioned F. Delegation
_____ 7. The procedures that connect the G. Specialization
Work activities of the different work.
_____ 8. The process in which different H. Horizontal Organization
Individuals and units perform different talk.
_____ 9. Assigning a new or additional talk I. Authority Rights
to a subordinate.
_____ 10. Refers to an organization design J. Traditional
where specialist from different
departments work on a certain project.
RUBRICS TO ALL ESSAY QUESTIONS

Score Completion Accuracy Comprehension Organization
The answer is All Content Content is well-
complete. information demonstrates a organized and
provided is deep easy to read.
5 accurate. understanding Points follow
of, and critical thinking
engagement ability
with, the text(s).
The answer is All Content Content is well-
missing slight information demonstrates organized and
details provided is understanding easy to read.
4
accurate. of, and Points follow a
engagement Critical thinking
with, the text(s), ability
The answer is Most Content Content is
missing multiple information demonstrates organized and
details. provided is basic easy to read.
3
accurate. understanding of Points follow a
the text(s). mostly critical
thinking ability
Content Some Content Content may be
suggests lack of information demonstrates unorganized and
preparation or provided is less than basic difficult to read.
2 comprehension. accurate. understanding of Points do not
the text(s). follow a solidly
critical thinking
ability
Content only A small Content Content is
marginally amount of demonstrates a unorganized,
1 related to the the lack of illogical, and
question/prompt. information understanding of difficult to read.
is accurate. the text(s).

SHS Q1 LAS - Organization & Managements (Final)

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BASILAN SCHOOLS DIVISION

Sta. Clara, Lamitan City, Basilan

Dynamic Learning Program

ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT

I. NATURE AND CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT

II. THE FIRM AND ITS ENVIRONMENT

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Definition of Management

B. Based on your own observation, what is management? Cite an example.

BASILAN SCHOOLS DIVISION

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Functions of Management

Essay: Choose one function of management, explain and cite an example.

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Types of Management

BASILAN SCHOOLS DIVISION

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Theories of Management

BASILAN SCHOOLS DIVISION

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Functions of Manager

Essay: What is the most difficult function of a manager? Why?

BASILAN SCHOOLS DIVISION

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Roles of a Manager

Essay: In your own opinion, why manager role is important?

BASILAN SCHOOLS DIVISION

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Skills of a Manager

Interpersonal, conceptual, communication, decision making and time management skills.

______ 1. Skills that contain sending and receiving information.

BASILAN SCHOOLS DIVISION

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: SWOT and PEST Strategies in Business

PEST analysis is a strategic business tool used by organizations to discover, evaluate,

BASILAN SCHOOLS DIVISION

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: The use of SWOT analysis in a business

BASILAN SCHOOLS DIVISION

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: PEST Analysis

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: SWOT and PEST analysis

PEST analysis is a strategic business tool used by organizations to discover, evaluate,

2. In your opinion, what is the most effective strategy? why?

BASILAN SCHOOLS DIVISION

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Types of Business Organization

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Advantage and Disadvantage of Sole Proprietorship and Partnership

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Advantages and Disadvantages of Corporation and Limited Liability of

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Economic Growth and Development

Economic development is a term that practitioners, economist, politicians, and others

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Phases of Economic Development

Name: _______________________________________ Score:_________

Activity Title: Economic Cycle

An expansion is characterized by increasing employment, economic growth, and upward

Name: _______________________________ Score:_

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