Give All The Parts of The Motherboard and Give Each Part Description. 1. CPU (Central Processing Unit) Chip

Give all the parts of the motherboard and give each part
description.
1. CPU (Central Processing Unit) chip
CPU is the electronic circuitry in a computer that executes instructions

that make up a program. It is also known as a central processor or the
main processor. The CPU executes the basic logic, arithmetic,
controlling as well as input/output (I/O) operations specified by the
instructions in the desktop programs.
2. RAM (Random Access Memory) slots
RAM is a kind of computer memory that can be read and written. It is

mainly used to save data and machine code. A RAM device permits data
to be read or written in nearly the same amount of time no matter where
the data’s physical location is in the memory. Compared to the direct-
access storage devices like hard drives, CD/DVD and magnetic tapes,
RAM media is much faster for data reading and writing.
3. Southbridge/northbridge
They are the two chips in the core logic chipset on the motherboard.
Typically, the southbridge implements the slower capabilities of the
motherboard in a northbridge/southbridge chipset computer architecture.
The northbridge, also known as host bridge or Memory Controller Hub,
is connected directly to the CPU via the front-side bus (FSB). It is
responsible for tasks requiring the highest performance. Together with
the southbridge, they manage communications between the CPU and
other motherboard components.
4. BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)
BIOS, also called system BIOS, PC BIOS or ROM BIOS, is firmware

that is used to perform hardware initialization during the booting
process; and to provide runtime services for operating system and
programs. The BIOS firmware is the first software to run when powered
on; it is re-installed on a PC’s system board.
5. I/O port
Input/output ports are the connections between the CPU and peripheral
devices on a motherboard. There are two complementary methods to
perform input and output processes: memory-mapped I/O (MMIO) and
port-mapped I/O (PMIO). Alternatively, you can use dedicated I/O
processors, called channels on mainframe computers, which execute
their own instructions.
6. USB (Universal Serial Bus)
USB is an industry standard that creates specifications for connectors,

cables and protocols for connection; power supply (interfacing) and
communication among computers, computer peripherals as well as other
desktops. There are a great many USB hardware including several
different connectors, of which USB-C is the latest kind.
7. CPU slot
A CPU slot, also called a CPU socket or Processor socket, contains one
or more mechanical components that provide mechanical and electrical
connections between the PCB and a microprocessor (CPU). Therefore,
you can install a CPU on a motherboard without soldering.
8. PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) slot
Peripheral Component Interconnect is a local computer bus for

connecting hardware to a computer. It supports all the functions of a
processor bus. PCI is usually been called Conventional PCI to
distinguish it from its successor PCI Express (PCIe, PCI-e or PCI-E).
PCI Express is a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard

designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X and AGP bus standard. It is a
general-use motherboard interface for the graphics card, SSDs, hard
drives, Wi-Fi as well as Ethernet hardware connections.
9. AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) slot
AGP was designed as a high-speed point-to-point channel for connecting

a video card (graphics card) to a computer system. Primarily, it was used
to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics. AGP is originally
designed to be a descendant of the PCI series of connections for video
cards. Yet, it was replaced by the PCIe slots.
10. ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) slot
ISA is the 16-bit internal bus of IMB PC/AT and similar computers that
are based on Intel 80286 and its immediate successors during the 1980s.
It was backward compatible with the 8-bit bus of the 8088-based IBM
PC largely.
There once was an attempt to extend ISA into a 32-bit bus, called
Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA). The attempt wasn’t
very successful and the EISA was largely replaced by the later VESA
Local Bus and the PCI bus.
11. Parallel port
A parallel port is a kind of interface for attaching peripherals on

desktops. The name of this kind of port is derived from the way the data
is sent. That is, the parallel ports send multiple bits of data at the same
time. Serial interfaces, on the contrary, send bits one data at once. To
achieve parallel data transfer, there are multiple data lines in the parallel
port cables. The parallel port cable is larger than the cable of a
contemporary serial port, which only has one data line within.
12. FDC (Floppy-Disk Controller)
FDC is a special-purpose chip and associated disk controller circuitry. It

controls and directs reading from and writing to a computer’s floppy
disk drive (FDD).
13. IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) controller

The devices used for connecting IDE, Ethernet, FireWire, USB and
other systems can be called host adapter. So, the IDE controller refers to
the host adapter. A host adapter, also called a host controller or a host
bus adapter (HBA), connects a computer (acting as the host system) to
other network and storage devices.
14. CMOS (Complementary Metal-oxide-semiconductor) battery
CMOS battery, also called memory battery, clock battery or real-time

clock (RTC), is generally a CR2032 lithium coin cell. The lifespan of
the CMOS battery is estimated to be three years when the power supply
unit (PSU) is unplugged or switch off.
15. Power supply connector
A power supply provides the necessary electrical power to let the

computer to work. It takes standard 110-Volt AC (Alternative Current)
power to DC (Direct Current) power of 12 Volt, 5 Volt, 3.3 Volt, etc.
16. Mouse and keyboard ports
All computers have a keyboard port connected directly to the

motherboard. There are two types of connectors. The oldest one is a
special DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung) connector while the
newest one is the mini DIN PS/2-style connector. Many PCs use the
PS/2-style connectors for both keyboard and mouse; and the connectors
are marked clearly for different usage.
17. DIP (Dual In-line Package) switch
A DIP switch is a manual electric switch packaged with others in a

standard dual in-line package. The term may refer to an individual
switch or the whole unit. The DIP switch is designed to be used on a
printed circuit board (motherboard) together with other
electronic motherboard components. It is usually used to customize
the behavior of an electronic device for specific situations.
18. Jumper
A jumper is a short length of conductor that is used to close, open or

bypass part of an electronic circuit. Typically, jumpers are used to set up
or configure printed circuit boards like the motherboard.
19. Heat sink/heatsink (cooling system)

A heat sink is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated
by parts of motherboard into a fluid medium like liquid or air. The
fluid medium will dissipate away from the device. Thus, the temperature
of the device is kept within a tolerable range. On the motherboard, the
heatsink is usually used to cool CPU, GPU (graphics processing unit),
chipsets and RAM modules.
20. Clock generator
A clock generator is an electronic oscillator (circuit) that produces a

clock signal for usage in synchronizing a circuit’s operation. The clock
signal ranges between high and low frequencies, thus creating a
metronome for the coordination of actions.

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Give all the parts of the motherboard and give each part

1. CPU (Central Processing Unit) chip

CPU is the electronic circuitry in a computer that executes instructions

2. RAM (Random Access Memory) slots

RAM is a kind of computer memory that can be read and written. It is

4. BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)

BIOS, also called system BIOS, PC BIOS or ROM BIOS, is firmware

6. USB (Universal Serial Bus)

USB is an industry standard that creates specifications for connectors,

8. PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) slot

Peripheral Component Interconnect is a local computer bus for

PCI Express is a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard

9. AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port) slot

AGP was designed as a high-speed point-to-point channel for connecting

10. ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) slot

11. Parallel port

A parallel port is a kind of interface for attaching peripherals on

FDC is a special-purpose chip and associated disk controller circuitry. It

13. IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics) controller

14. CMOS (Complementary Metal-oxide-semiconductor) battery

CMOS battery, also called memory battery, clock battery or real-time

15. Power supply connector

A power supply provides the necessary electrical power to let the

All computers have a keyboard port connected directly to the

17. DIP (Dual In-line Package) switch

A DIP switch is a manual electric switch packaged with others in a

A jumper is a short length of conductor that is used to close, open or

19. Heat sink/heatsink (cooling system)

20. Clock generator

A clock generator is an electronic oscillator (circuit) that produces a

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