KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI KHU VỰC THPT

LẦN THỨ XI, NĂM 2018

Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH- KHỐI 11

Thời gian thi: 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề) SỐ PHÁCH
Ngày thi:
Đề thi có 14 trang
 Thí sinh không được sử dụng tài liệu, kể cả từ điển.
 Giám thị không giải thích gì thêm.
_________________________________________________________

I. LISTENING (50 points)

HƯỚNG DẪN PHẦN THI NGHE HIỂU

 Bài nghe gồm 4 phần; mỗi phần được nghe 2 lần, mỗi lần cách nhau 05 giây; mở đầu và kết thúc mỗi phần
nghe có tín hiệu. Thí sinh có 20 giây để đọc mỗi phần câu hỏi.
 Mở đầu và kết thúc bài nghe có tín hiệu nhạc. Thí sinh có 03 phút để hoàn chỉnh bài trước tín hiệu nhạc kết thúc
bài nghe.
 Mọi hướng dẫn cho thí sinh (bằng tiếng Anh) đã có trong bài nghe.

Part 1: Listen to a talk about “The Strongest predictor of how long you’ll live”. For questions 1-5, give short
answers to the questions. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording for each answer in
the space provided.

THE STRONGEST PREDICTOR OF HOW LONG YOU’LL LIVE

1. How long have Julianne Holt- Lunstad and her colleagues waited to get the answer to the question “what
reduced the chances of dying the most?
____________________________________________________________
2. Which factor ranks right above doing exercise mentioned in the recording?
____________________________________________________________
What are the names of the two factors getting towards the top predictors?
3. ____________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________
5. In the last predictor, how many kinds of people do you talk to?
____________________________________________________________

Part 2: Listen to a TED Talks speech entitled ‘The Danger of Silence’. For questions 6-10, choose the correct
answer (A, B or C) for each of the following questions. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered
boxes.
6. The speaker refers to Dr Martin Luther King in order to _______.
A. condemn ignorance and silence
B. elucidate his pedagogies and principles of teaching poetry
C. vindicate the Civil Rights Movement by his internalisation
7. The speaker feels that he has spent his life _______.
A. compromising the truth to please others
B. doing whatever is needed to expose the truth
C. making no sacrifices to reveal the truth
8. The speaker looks back, with hindsight, on various instances of injustice with _______.
A. dignity of the right thing he did
B. remorse for his indifference
C. revulsion against the world he lives in
9. The speaker feels we should be focusing more on _______.
A. being all ears
B. silence and contemplation rather than nonsense talk
C. what is usually taken as read
10. At the end of his speech, the speaker undertakes to be more _______.
A. accommodating
B. outspoken
C. self-sacrificing in the interests of others

Your answers
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Page 1 of 15 pages
Part 3: Listen to part of a National Geographic documentary. For questions 11–15, decide which statements
are TRUE or FALSE according to what you hear. Write NOT GIVEN if there is no information about the
statement. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes.

11. Steve McCurry studied journalism at college.

12. He once wanted to be a travel photographer.
13. He’s retiring after 30 years with National Geographic.
14. He’s looking for 36 shots to take on the roll of film.
15. He’s decided to shoot all the frames at Grand Central Station.

Your answers
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Part 4: Listen to some pieces of VOA news. For question 16-25, write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken
from the recording for each answer in the space provided. Write your answers in the corresponding
numbered boxes.

In just two weeks, China has announced and has now voted with near unanimous approval to amend
(16)___________and give the party state's powerful leader Xi Jinping a mandate to stay in office indefinitely.
On Sunday, an amendment to cancel a two-term limit on the office of the president was approved along with
(17)___________. The amendments passed smoothly in the rubber-stamp National People's Congress.
Hong Kong saw low turnout numbers for an election Sunday to replace four lawmakers disqualified over oaths last
year that the Chinese (18)___________
Fifteen candidates are running to fill the four seats that were vacated when the oaths by pro-democracy lawmakers
were declared invalid, a move that critics say was (19)___________. China on Sunday said it does not intend to ignite
a trade war with the U.S. because that would be disastrous for the entire world.
The Minister of Commerce Zhong Shan said at China's annual parliamentary session, "China does not wish to fight a
trade war, nor will China initiate a trade war, but we can handle any challenge and will resolutely defend the interests
of our country and our people.”
All 11 people aboard a private Turkish jet died Sunday after the jet crashed into a mountainside and
(20)___________during heavy rain in southern Iran.
Mattis said on Sunday that "right now" the United States is "getting reports" that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's
forces are (21)___________in their three-week-long advance against the rebels outside the capital, Damascus. In that
advance, nearly 1,000 people have died, 200 of them children.
People in Cameroon have freed 40 of the more than 100 women arrested while trying to ask President Paul Biya to
negotiate a peaceful political transition. Biya has been in power (22)___________. They are also calling [him] on him
to solve the crisis caused by separatist groups demanding the independence of the English-speaking from the French-
speaking regions of the central African state.
Last October, secessionist groups declared the independence of the English-speaking southwest and northwest
regions of Cameroon they call Ambazonia, declaring Ayuk Tabe Julius, who was in exile in Nigeria, as their president.
Armed conflicts erupted prompting a crackdown of the military. Biya has ruled Cameroon since November 1982. His
party supporters have been calling on him to (23)___________again in elections expected by September this year.
Thousands stood in silent respect in the southern Macedonian city of Bitola Sunday to (24)___________of the Nazi
Holocaust of Jews during World War II. All but a handful of Macedonian Jews were slaughtered by the Nazis.
Sunday was the (25)___________of the deportation of more than 7,000 Macedonian Jews to Nazi death camps in
Poland.

Your answers
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

II. LEXICO-GRAMMAR (30 points)

Part 1. For questions 1–10, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to each of the following questions and
write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
1. The ceiling fans were on, but unfortunately they only _____ the hot, humid air.
A. stirred up B. poured through C. turned into D. cut back
2. He set one alarm-clock for five o’clock and the other for five past so as to _____ that he did not oversleep.
A. assure B. ensure C. insure D. reassure
3. When Tim was eating a cherry, he accidentally swallowed the _____.
A. nut B. stone C. seed D. core
4. He was ________ with bribery after she offered to pay the policeman a sum of money to overlook the offence.
A. charged B. accused C. sued D. suspected
5. Some endurance events may be rescheduled if such high pollution levels ________ a health risk to most athletes.
A. create B. present C. run D. face

Page 2 of 15 pages
6. Improving the overall environmental quality is a long-term battle in which we do want the participation of everyone in
society in order to ________ results.
A. realize B. reap C. bear D. generate
7. Hundreds of people in the hardest-hit zone are at ________ from disease unless a tsunami-like aid effort is
mobilized.
A. threat B. menace C. risk D. danger
8. The result is impossible to predict with any degree of ________.
A. certainty B. assurance C. insurance D. probability
9. With three days to ________ before the high school graduation examination, he had to digest such a lot of facts.
A. go B. come C. remain D. spare
10. Television came into _________ and became a competitor with the motion pictures.
A. practice B. enforcement C. use D. life

Your answers
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C
6.B 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.C

Part 2. For questions 11-15, fill in the blank with a suitable preposition and write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes provided.

11. When Kathy finishes her studies, she’ll probably go_________teaching. I think she would be a very good teacher.
12. Jane plays the piano beautifully. She takes ________________ her father who used to be a concert pianist.
13. Jeff is over forty and still a bachelor. I don’t think he will ever settle ________________.
14. I’m hot and tired. I could do________________ a cold shower.
15. I can’t put________________ the hammering from the flat above much longer. It’s giving me a headache.

Your answers
11.on 12.after 13.down 14.with 15.up

Part 3. For questions 16-20, find the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them and write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
Question 16: You should know by now that I cannot stand it when my steak is not cooked properly as I always have
mine well-made.
Question 17: An important factor should be considered is Mr. Lopez's ability to keep the new restaurant going for
several months with limited revenue.
Question 18: When one opens an account at Dominion Savings and Loan, you can get the first set of checks for
free.
Question 19: Mobility is one of the characteristics often demanded of executives, and they must accustom
themselves to move quite regularly.
Question 20: Not until recent has interest in synthetic fuels been revived.

Your answers
16.well-made -> well- 17.should be -> 18.you ->he/she
done which should be
19. move -> moving 20. recent -> recently

Part 4. For questions 21–30, write the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered space provided
below. (0) has been done as an example.

Performance Art
Performance Art began in the 1960s in the US and was (0) originally (origin) a term used to describe a
live event that often included poets, (21) (music)________, film makers and so on, in (22) (add)________to visual
artists.
There were earlier (23) (precede)________for this art form, including the Dadaists in France, who
combined poetry and visual arts, and the Bauhaus in Germany, whose members used live theatre (24)
(work)________to explore the (25) (relation)________between space, sound and light. By 1970, Performance Art
was a (26) (globe)________term and its definition had become more specific. Performances had to be live and
they had to be art, not theatre.
Performance Art could not be bought, sold or traded. Performance artists saw their movement as a means
of taking art directly to the public, thus completely eliminating the need for galleries, agents, (27)
(account)________and any other aspect of (28) (capital)________. In effect, it became a social commentary on
the need to maintain the absolute (29)(pure)________of art.
One relatively recent form of Performance Art is ‘mobbing’, an email-driven experiment in organizing
groups of people who suddenly (30) (material)________in public places, interact with others according to a very

Page 3 of 15 pages
 loosely planned scenario, and they disappear just as suddenly as they appeared.

Your answers
21.musicians 22.addition 23.predecessors 24.workplae 25.relationship
26.global 27.accountants 28. capitalization 29.pureness 30.materialize

III. READING (60 points)

Part 1. For questions 31–40, fill each of the following numbered spaces with ONE suitable word and
write your answers in the corresponding boxes provided below the passage. (0) has been done as an
example.

A DNA fingerprint __of___ (0) every active criminal in Britain will be taken _________ (31) part of government plans
___________ (32) a wide-ranging overhaul of the criminal justice system, the Prime Minister said yesterday.
In his first public announcement ____________ (33) returning from holiday, Tony Blair promised to deliver a courts
system fit for the 21st century. Addressing police officers in Kent, in southern England, he accused the courts of being
__________ (34) for their own convenience and promised to ensure that victims, witnesses and police giving evidence
would receive more respect.
Mr Blair declared the justice system archaic, saying it hindered police efforts to keep up with organised crime, and
announced a 107 million package to expand the DNA database. According to a government spokesman, the
____________ (35) should hold more than three million samples _________ (36) to almost the whole criminal class of
the UK.
'I think we _______ (37) effectively got a 19th century justice system in a 21st century world,' the Prime Minister said.
'We have totally ____________ (38) to keep up to date with the fact that we have got major organised crime operating
in a completely different way to 50 or 60 years ago,' he said.
Mr Blair stressed that he was ________ (39) favour of so-called zero tolerance and wanted a law-abiding society
based on courtesy _________ (40) others.
The Independent
Your answers
31.as 32.for 33.after 34.selfish 35.database
36.similar 37.have 38.failed 39.in 40.to

Part 2: Read the following passage. For questions 41–50, choose the best answer (A, B, C or D)
according to the text. Write your answers (A, B, C or D) in the corresponding numbered boxes.

Ancient Angkor
In the regions of Southeast Asia dwell the remains of an era that far exceeded its time in developments and
industrialization. This ancient city, which was mysteriously deserted in the 15 th century, is known as Angkor. Located in
Cambodia, Angkor was established in 802 CE as the seat of the Khmer Empire. Khmer was the largest continuous
empire in Southeast Asia. Its main city of Angkor grew and developed until it was abandoned in the year 1431. Many
historians theorize as to why it was abandoned, but the mystery remains.
Angkor was a city of power, industry, architecture, and cultural unity, which is why speculation surrounds its
decline. The ancient Khmer city stretched over an area of nearly 120 square miles, comparable to present-day Los
Angeles. Each successive ruler to the throne brought significant additions that diversified the territory. One ruler is
known for constructing a baray, a massive water reservoir. Another built the imposing Angkor Wat, a temple of great
proportions that survived the city’s demise and exists today as a Buddhist temple. Along with over seventy other
temples in the region, Angkor was home to an expansive waterworks of marked ingenuity when nothing of its kind
existed in the world. The civilization was structured around the Mekong River. Intricate and sophisticated irrigation
systems were fashioned to transport water to people and fields in all parts of the city, including those removed from
the central water source. For this, the city became known as the “Hydraulic City.” The people of Angkor were led by an
extensive court system, made up of religious and secular nobles as well as artisans, fishermen, rice farmers, soldiers,
and elephant keepers. The civilization was guarded by an army transported by elephants and ruled by shrewd and
powerful kings. Yet after 600 years of existence, an abandoned shell was all that remained.
The land, buildings, and architecture were reclaimed by the surrounding forest regions until the 19 th century,
when French archaeologists discovered the remains and began restoring sites in the great city of Angkor. Since then,
theories have evolved over time relating to the death of Angkor’s civilization. The first theory states that the city fell
because of war. The last two centuries of Angkor’s existence showed a decline in the Khmer Empire’s population and
power. Ongoing wars with neighboring Thailand had devastated the nation. In 1431, attackers from Thai nations
invaded and looted Angkor, leaving it desolate and vacant. Continuous war with Thailand culminating in a final attack
on the city could have weakened the empire and led to the city’s demise.
Another theory states that a change in religion led to the country’s downfall. The Khmer Empire had
predominately been a Hindu nation, and the people were unified in their religion. Jayavarman VII, acclaimed as the
greatest of Angkor’s kings, took the throne in 1181 CE. He instituted a change in religion from Hinduism to Mahayana
Buddhism. This action subsequently could have destroyed the unity of the people and the overall foundation of the
empire.

Page 4 of 15 pages
  A) Natural disaster in another feasible possibility for the scattering of people from the Angkor region. B)
Historians say earthquakes, floods, and drastic climate changes would have been capable of stripping Angkor of its
people. C) One researcher hypothesized that the city suffered from a lack of water due to the transition from the
medieval warm period to the little ice age. Others dismiss this idea. D)
However, a recently developed theory built on the work of French archaeologist Bernard-Philippe Groslier may
have shed the most light on Angkor’s demise. The theory suggests that the Angkorian civilization was “defined,
sustained, and ultimately overwhelmed by over-exploitation and the environmental impacts of a complex water-
management network.” Its vast waterworks proved too great for the city to manage. Also, supplying such a massive
empire with water had adverse effects on the environment. Ecological problems included deforestation, topsoil
degradation, and erosion due in part to clearing vegetation for cropland. Thus, the city inadvertently brought about its
own environmental collapse.
With the use of aerial photography and high-resolution, ground-sensing radar, researchers were able to support
Groslier’s theory with images that complete existing topographical maps. The radar detected surface structures as
well as subtle variances in surface vegetation and soil moisture. This proved that environmental erosion had occurred.
The combined images and ground-based investigations further revealed that Angkor was a victim of its own industrial
ingenuity, a city ahead of its time and vulnerable to its own power.
41. The author mentions the Khmer Empire in paragraph 1 in order to ________.
A. establish the size and importance of the civilization
B. explain the downfall of the main city in the empire
C. compare the nation’s size to a present-day location
D. demonstrate why people were not loyal to the city
42. The word speculation in the passage is closest meaning to________.
A. evidence B. mystery C. question D. growth
43. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true about the waterworks built within Angkor?
A. They transported drinking water to Angkor Wat.
B. They were a money-making venture for the city.
C. They were built to extend the water supply.
D. They irrigated fields along the sides of the river.
44. All of the following are true about the city of Angkor EXCEPT_______.
A. It was built around a water source.
B. It had an advanced road system.
C. It surpassed other cities of its time.
D. It is home to a Buddhist shrine.
45. The word its in the passage refers to_______.
A. Angkor’s B. baray’s C. waterworks’ D. home’s
46. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence? Incorrect
choices may change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
A. Archaeologists built a replica of what Angkor looked like.
B. Archaeologists uncovered the overgrown city and rebuilt its sites.
C. Finding the city, workers cleared the forest and studied the architecture.
D. The city’s architecture was inspired by the forest regions nearby.
47. What can be inferred from paragraph 4 about the people who inhabited Angkor?
A. They worshipped ruler Jayavarman VII.
B. Hinduism was central to their way of life.
C. Religion led to more violence among them.
D. They were unified regardless of national religion.
48. Look at the four squares [] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage
These natural catastrophes would have likely resulted in destroyed buildings, ruined cops, and a
decreased water supply that would have forced citizens to leave.
Where would the sentence best fit?
A. first square B. second square C. third square D. fourth square.
49. The word inadvertently in the passage is closest in meaning to ________.
A. purposely B. freely C. sadly D. accidentally
50. According to paragraph 7, which of the following did researchers prove about Groslier’s theory with the use of
aerial photography and advanced radar?
A. The surface soil showed evidence of dirt washing away.
B. The waterworks were filled with topsoil.
C. Vegetation was thriving where soil was deeper.
D. Soil damage was stable throughout the changes.
Your answers

41.A 42.B 43.D 44.B 45.A

46.B 47.C 48.C 49.D 50.A

Part 3. For questions 51–60, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.

Page 5 of 15 pages
 IS THE SENSE OF BEAUTY INNATE OR LEARNED?

Beauty is the (51) ______of a thing or person that gives you pleasure. Inner beauty refers to psychological factors,
such as intelligence, kindness, compassion, and honesty. Outer beauty, or physical attractiveness, refers to factors
such as looks, health, youthfulness, and symmetry.

Is the ability to (52) ______ physical or psychological attractiveness innate or learned? Is beauty objective or
subjective? There is some (53) ______ that the sense of beauty is subjective and culturally relative. The popular
saying “beauty is in the eye of the beholder” tells us that different people have different opinions about what is
beautiful. For example, most Westerners (54) ______ a woman with a wide mouth attractive, while many Chinese
regard a woman with a small mouth as beautiful. During part of China’s history, women with big feet were considered
to be ugly. Traditional Chinese foot-binding was (55) ______ to keep a woman’s feet tiny and thus “beautiful”. To
people in the modern world, the foot-binding of women was painful, horrible, and ugly. These two examples suggest
that some ideas about beauty are learned and (56) ______ to change.

On the other hand, research indicates that a (57) ______ for beautiful faces occurs early in a child’s development. A
small child plays with facially attractive dolls longer than with facially unattractive dolls. Children innately pay attention
to the beauty of nature.

People from various cultures and periods of time may have slightly different ideas about beauty. (58)______, they
usually share many standards of beauty. A kind, honest, and intelligent individual is attractive. So is a healthy, youthful
person with a mathematically average face and a (59) ______body. The appreciation of many aspects of both inner
beauty and outer beauty is innate.

Many aspects of beauty have been valued throughout human history. Our (60) ______ of beauty is innate, though that
innate sense may be influenced by the environment.

51. A. quality B. sense C. idea D. thought

52. A. comment B. define C. share D. denounce
53. A. option B. format C. evidence D. science
54. A. consider B. discover C. conclude D. doubt
55. A. intended B. viewed C. decided D. accused
56. A. resistant B. aimed C. meant D. subject
57. A. preference B. prefer C. preferment D. preferring
58. A. In addition B. Nonetheless C. For example D. Accordingly
59. A. well-done B. well-made C. well-proportioned D. well-formed
60. A. notion B. criticism C. concern D. Imagination

Your answers

51.A 52.B 53.C 54.A 55.A

56.C 57.A 58.D 59.D 60.C

Part 4. Read the following passage and answer questions 61-70.

Weakness of the school system

A. By attempting to fit in as much as possible, the school day is continually being added to. In many ways, this would
appear to be a good idea, as our knowledge and understanding of the world is always growing and it would seem
logical to incorporate this into schools. The reality, however, has some decided drawbacks. There is a growing feeling
amongst many that the modern school curriculum, in an effort to teach as many varied subjects as possible, is actually
teaching students less. It seems that by constantly adding to what should be taught in the classroom, the classes are
less focused, not offering the deeper learning that institutions perhaps should.

B. With classes sometimes only 30 minutes long, the overwhelming amount of information teachers are required to
present often only gives students time to learn facts, not to think in any great detail about what they are being
presented with. The problem is that students are not getting the opportunity to absorb what they are being taught as
the curriculum expands in order to keep what has already been taught and supplement it with everything new that
comes along. The weaknesses of such a system are clear – well informed though such students may be, there is the
risk of an increasing number of graduates who have no real creative or intellectual ability. By denying students the
opportunity to sit and think their way through problems, or even consider their own opinion, some schools are not
always providing a truly educational atmosphere. There are, of course, certain aspects of education which need to be
taught by simply inputting the information. Basic mathematics, for example. But there are many other subjects which
Page 6 of 15 pages
could be best learned by having an opportunity to think and discuss what is being taught. Literature, writing and the
social sciences are good examples of subjects which cannot be considered as ‘covered’ by a mass of information
without the opportunity to discuss, debate or consider meaning or implications. There are also important social skills to
be learned during such periods of open discussion, skills which are not addressed by an endless flow of teacher-
centred information.

C. Teachers themselves have also voiced concerns about the amount of information they are required to impress
upon their students. There is a feeling in many educational establishments that students are no longer being
educated, but taught how to pass tests. In a world where academic success is too often measured by examination
results, this is a serious concern. If there is too much information to simply be memorised and not enough time to truly
assimilate it, what happens to students who fail to meet the grade? By current standards, they are failures, yet they
may have great potential in areas not covered by the test and there are many students who, despite clear intellectual
ability, simply do not perform well in tests. Again, the problem is one of focus, as education authorities are looking at
the outcome of schooling rather than the content presented in the class.

D. It is here that many teachers feel the situation could be addressed at a local level. By giving more discretion to
teachers, school courses could be tailored to suit the students rather than tailoring students to meet ever-expanding
course requirements. In addition, by running a curriculum that gives options rather than defines an entire course,
considerably more freedom would be possible. As it is, progression through most primary and secondary schools is
regimented, and there is little room for students to identify and develop their own skills and strengths. If material could
be chosen on the basis of its merits rather than simply because it has been put in the curriculum, then what is selected
may be taught to a depth that would serve some purpose. There is, of course, a counter-argument, which claims that
such open guidelines could lead to vast differences in standards between schools. What one teacher may see as
essential for a student’s education, another may see as irrelevant, and this will result in students with widely different
educational strengths.

E. With such a high-pressure learning environment, there are also a number of social aspects to schooling which need
to be considered. The increased student workload cannot be covered in the classroom alone for the simple reason
that there is not enough time in the average school week, and much of this extra workload has been pushed into the
realm of homework. At its best, homework should be the opportunity to look in greater detail at what has been studied.
In other words, to actually think about it and its relevance. The reality, however, is often very different. Concerned
parents and overextended students are finding that homework is taking an increasingly large part of a student’s
evening, cutting into time many feel should be spent as part of a child’s social education. Other social pressures have
compounded the situation, as many of the areas of educating a young child which should be the responsibility of the
parents have ill-advisedly become the school’s responsibility. Drug awareness and health issues, for example, are
occupying an increasingly large part of the school day.

F. Many people believe that we should be teaching less, but teaching it better, and it is here that they think a solution
can be found. Yet the process of rewriting a curriculum to incorporate only that which is essential but can be well
learned would take far longer than most educational authorities have, and would be considered by many to be a
‘regressive’ step. Changes in the curriculum have largely been motivated by changes in the nature of employment, as
job mobility demands that people know something about considerably more areas than were traditionally necessary. A
little about a lot allows for the job mobility which has become so common. No matter what the final verdict may be, one
thing is for sure – change will be slow, and not always for the best.

For questions 61-66, choose the most suitable headings for sections A–F from the list below. Use each
heading once only. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
i. A question of time
ii. Lack of teacher training
iii. Student success
iv. The argument for flexibility
v. Importance of teaching experience
vi. Extra-curricular pressures
vii. The benefits of a varied curriculum
viii. Imbalanced focus
ix. Over-reliance on examinations
x. Quality of quantity?

61. Section A 
62. Section B      
63. Section C      
64. Section D      
65. Section E      
66. Section F 

Your answers
Page 7 of 15 pages
61.viii 62.x 63.ix 64.iv 65.vi 66.i

For questions 67-70, do the following statements agree with the views of the writer?
Write YES if the statement agrees with the writer
NO if the statement does not agree with the writer
NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage   

67. No subjects can be comprehensively learned without time to discuss and debate the facts.     
68. Tests are a fair measure of ability.      
69. Schools are trying to be responsible for too many aspects of a child’s education.      
70. Future changes in the curriculum will improve the situation.      
Your answers
67.YES 68.NO 69.NOT GIVEN 70.NOT GIVEN

Part 5. For questions 71–80, identify which section A–F each of the following is mentioned. Write ONE letter A–F
in the corresponding numbered space provided. Each letter may be used more than once.

A HISTORY OF HUMAN RIGHTS

A. In 539 BC, the armies of Cyrus the Great, the first King of ancient Persia, conquered the city of Babylon. But it
was his next actions that marked a major advance for the human race. He freed the slaves, declared that all
people had a right to choose their own religion, and established racial equality. These and other decrees were
recorded on a baked-clay cylinder in the Akkadian language with cuneiform script. Known today as the Cyrus
Cylinder, this ancient record has now been recognised as the world’s first charter of human rights. It is translated
into all six official languages of the United Nations and its provisions parallel the first four Articles of the Universal
Declaration of Human Rights.
B. The Magna Carta, or ‘Great Charter’, was arguably the most significant early influence on the extensive historical
process that led to the rule of constitutional law in the English-speaking world. In 1215, after King John violated a
number of ancient laws and customs by which England had been governed, his subjects forced him to sign the
Magna Carta, which enumerates what later came to be thought of as human rights. Among them was the right of
the church to be free from governmental interference, the rights of all free citizens to own and inherit property and
to be protected from excessive taxes. It established the rights of widows who owned property to choose not to
remarry, and established principles of due process and equality before the law. It also contained provisions for
forbidding bribery and official misconduct.
C. On 4 July 1776, the United States Congress approved the Declaration of Independence. Its primary author,
Thomas Jefferson, wrote the Declaration as a formal explanation of why Congress had voted on 2 July to declare
independence from Great Britain, more than a year after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, as a
statement announcing that the thirteen American Colonies were no longer a part of the British Empire. Congress
issued the Declaration in several forms. It was initially published as a printed broadsheet that was widely
distributed and read to the public. Philosophically, it stressed two themes: individual rights and the rights of
revolution. These ideas spread internationally as well, influencing in particular the French Revolution.
D. In 1789, the people of France brought about the abolition of the absolute monarchy and set the stage for the
establishment of the first French Republic. Just six weeks after the storming of the Bastille, and barely three
weeks after the abolition of feudalism, the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen was adopted by the
National Constituent Assembly as the first step towards writing a constitution for the Republic of France. The
Declaration proclaims that all citizens are to be guaranteed the rights of liberty and equality. Liberty was defined
as ‘being able to do anything that does not harm others’. Equality, on the other hand, was defined as judicial
equality, which ‘must be the same for all, whether it protects or punishes. All citizens, being equal in its eyes, shall
be equally eligible to all high offices, public positions and employments, according to their ability, and without other
distinction than that of their virtues and talents.’
E. In 1864, sixteen European countries and several American states attended a conference in Geneva on the
initiative of the Geneva Committee. The diplomatic conference was held for the purpose of adopting a convention
for the treatment of wounded soldiers in combat. The main principles laid down and adopted by the later Geneva
Conventions provided for the obligation to extend care without discrimination to wounded and sick military
personnel and respect for the marking of medical personnel transports and equipment with the distinctive sign of
the red cross on a white background.
F. World War II had raged from 1939 to 1945, and as the end drew near, cities throughout Europe and Asia lay in
smouldering ruins. Millions of people were dead, millions more were homeless or starving. In April 1945,
delegates from fifty countries met in San Francisco full of optimism and hope. The goal of the United Nations
Conference was to fashion an international body to promote peace and prevent future war. Its ideals were stated
in the preamble to the proposed charter: ‘We the peoples of the United Nations are determined to save
succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to
mankind.’ The Charter of the New United Nations organisation went into effect on 24 October 1945, a date that is
celebrated each year as United Nations Day.

Page 8 of 15 pages
 Your answers
the view that a situation which had wreaked widespread havoc could not be repeated 71. ____F___
a recent consensus that an event had far-reaching global repercussions 72. _C______
treating all sides equally during military conflicts 73. __E____
the view that a protest against the flagrant injustice of a despotic monarch had far-reaching 74. _____B__
consequences
surprise that widespread change came about in a relatively short space of time 75. __D_____
the suggestion that the unusual actions of a monarch were far ahead of their time 76. _A______
an acknowledgement that a leader was prepared to justify his actions 77. __B_____
an expression of regret for mistakes made in the past 78. __F_____
the importance of something which officially tried to prevent a certain type of gender 79. ____B___
discrimination
the idea that everyone should have the same opportunities for advancement 80. ____A___

IV. WRITING (60 points)

Part 1. Read the newspaper extract and use your own words to summarise it. Your summary should be
between 140 and 160 words long.

More teens than ever aren't getting enough sleep

A new study finds young people are likely sacrificing sleep to spend more time on their
phones and tablets
Date: October 19, 2017
Source: San Diego State University
If you're a young person who can't seem to get enough sleep, you're not alone: A new study led by
San Diego State University Professor of Psychology Jean Twenge finds that adolescents today are
sleeping fewer hours per night than older generations. One possible reason? Young people are
trading their sleep for smartphone time.
Most sleep experts agree that adolescents need 9 hours of sleep each night to be engaged and
productive students; less than 7 hours is considered to be insufficient sleep. A peek into any bleary-
eyed classroom in the country will tell you that many youths are sleep-deprived, but it's unclear
whether young people today are in fact sleeping less.
To find out, Twenge, along with psychologist Zlatan Krizan and graduate student Garrett Hisler --
both at Iowa State University in Ames -- examined data from two long-running, nationally
representative, government-funded surveys of more than 360,000 teenagers. The Monitoring the
Future survey asked U.S. students in the 8th, 10th and 12th grades how frequently they got at least
7 hours of sleep, while the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System survey asked 9th-12th-grade
students how many hours of sleep they got on an average school night.
Combining and analyzing data from both surveys, the researchers found that about 40% of
adolescents in 2015 slept less than 7 hours a night, which is 58% more than in 1991 and 17% more
than in 2009.
Delving further into the data, the researchers learned that the more time young people reported
spending online, the less sleep they got. Teens who spent 5 hours a day online were 50% more
likely to not sleep enough than their peers who only spent an hour online each day.
Beginning around 2009, smartphone use skyrocketed, which Twenge believes might be responsible
for the 17% bump between 2009 and 2015 in the number of students sleeping 7 hours or less. Not
only might teens be using their phones when they would otherwise be sleeping, the authors note,
but previous research suggests the light wavelengths emitted by smartphones and tablets can
interfere with the body's natural sleep-wake rhythm. The researchers reported their findings in the
journal Sleep Medicine.
Page 9 of 15 pages
 "Teens' sleep began to shorten just as the majority started using smartphones," said Twenge, author
of iGen: Why Today's Super-Connected Kids Are Growing Up Less Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less
Happy -- And Completely Unprepared for Adulthood. "It's a very suspicious pattern."
Students might compensate for that lack of sleep by dozing off during daytime hours, adds Krizan.
"Our body is going to try to meet its sleep needs, which means sleep is going to interfere or shove its
nose in other spheres of our lives," he said. "Teens may catch up with naps on the weekend or they
may start falling asleep at school."
For many, smartphones and tablets are an indispensable part of everyday life, so they key is
moderation, Twenge stresses. Limiting usage to 2 hours a day should leave enough time for proper
sleep, she says. And that's valuable advice for young and old alike.
"Given the importance of sleep for both physical and mental health, both teens and adults should
consider whether their smartphone use is interfering with their sleep," she says. "It's particularly
important not to use screen devices right before bed, as they might interfere with falling asleep."
Journal Reference:
1. Jean M. Twenge, Zlatan Krizan, Garrett Hisler. Decreases in self-reported sleep duration
among U.S. adolescents 2009-2015 and links to new media screen time. Sleep Medicine, 2017;
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.08.013

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Part 2. The table shows working hours and income for four jobs.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where
relevant.
Write at least 150 words.

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Part 3. Advances in technology and automation have reduced the need for manual labour. Therefore working
hours should be reduced.
To what extent do you agree?
Write an essay of about 350 words to express your opinion. Give reasons for your answers and include any relevant
examples from your own knowledge and experience.
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- THE END –

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