Final Req Ethics

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Utilitarianism

In normative ethics, utilitarianism is a tradition originating with economists


and English philosophers John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham in the late 18th and
early 19th centuries, relative to which type of action is appropriate if something did
appear to promote pleasure or happiness and wrong if something appears to cause
pain or unhappiness, not only for the doer of the action but also for everyone affected by
the action. Utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism, which would be the philosophical
philosophy which suggests acts should be determined by their consequences. Other
consequentialist philosophies and utilitarianism oppose egoism, the belief where each
individual must follow their individual self-interest at all costs, and any ethical philosophy
that considers certain behavior to be right or wrong regardless of its repercussions.

The moral issue that I've chosen was stealing in which Mang Kepweng who
is a janitor in a company in Manila. His family depended on him given that her wife is in
a hospital due to cancer and is needing a P500,000 for treatment, and her daughter
( Susan) who is needing money for her project. Even though Mang kepweng has a
source of income, it is still not enough to pay for his wife's treatment and his daughter
project. There are only two options available to him: either he will not pay at all or he
pays by stealing. With that, Mang kepweng decided to steal from his boss who is a
millionaire to pay for his wife's treatment and for her daughter to have a project. Stealing
may be considered immoral. As a result, we will conclude whether what Mang Kepweng
had done—stealing from the company where he works—is immoral. Utilitarianism, on
the other hand, would conclude that Mang Kepweng's actions are morally correct.
Stealing is neither good nor bad in and of itself, according to utilitarian’s; what makes it
good or bad are the consequences it creates. In the example, Mang Kepweng stole
money from his boss who had a lower need for it and spent it on two people who had a
higher need of it.

Thus, for utilitarian’s, Mang Kepweng stealing from his boss which is the
mean may be justified given the fact that the stolen money was used to pay for the
treatment of her wife and her daughter's project which is the end. The benefit of the theft
outweighs the damages incurred by the theft, according to this justification. Mang
Kepweng's stealing was morally right because it resulted in more gain than harm. To put
it another way, the action improved net utility by producing more happiness or pleasure
than unhappiness or pain.

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