Policy Paper Russian Federation

Committee: IAEA
Topic: Nuclear Non-Proliferation

Country: Russian Federation
Background
Nuclear arms pose the largest threat to every nation around the world. The after-effects of the
nuclear bombings on Hiroshima and Nagasaki resulting in not only immediate destruction of the city, but
upwards of 74,000 residents died from cancer, leukemia, and suffered various other side effects as a result
of the radiation by the end of 1945. On July 29, 1957, the IAEA was created with the goal of overseeing
the peaceful use of nuclear technology. Nuclear technology was further experimented with and distributed
throughout the world, as countries sought to establish themselves by amassing nuclear arms arsenals. The
most notable example of this is the cold war between the United States and Russia where a third world
war was on the horizon at its height. However, nuclear non-proliferation became a global initiative in the
late 60s and early 70s. Where the United Nations established the framework for the Non-proliferation
treaty to limit the expansion of nuclear arms. Initially, this worked as the US and the Russian Federation
worked as they took steps towards limiting their nuclear arsenals, however, countries such as India gained
nuclear weapons. Several acts towards limiting nuclear weapon spread were created, such as The Treaty
of Tlatelolco which established Latin America as a nuclear-weapons-free zone in 1967. The following
year the Non-Proliferation Treaty goes into effect and is open for signatures. Skipping forward several
decades the actions towards nuclear non-proliferation still continue, with the signing of the
Comprehensive Nuclear Test ban Treaty. However countries such as North Korea have withdrawn from
the NPT, and new nuclear issues in Iran have emerged, meaning that complete Nuclear non-proliferation
is far from being achieved.
UN Involvement
In order to reduce the dangers, nuclear weapons pose complete nuclear disarmament is the best
way to ensure no more lives will be lost to nuclear warfare. As such the United Nations has put forth
several treaties and agreements in an attempt to achieve this goal. Such multilateral treaties such as the
NPT in 1968, Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests In The Atmosphere, In Outer Space And Under
Water (PTBT), as well as the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), although it has yet to
actually be enforced. Most recently, the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) has been
established and went into effect on January 22, 0f 2021. The TPNW’s primary goals are to prevent state
parties from testing, stockpiling, producing, and acquiring nuclear weapons. Each state party in
accordance with the TPNW must maintain their existing safeguard agreements with the IAEA. With the
conference to review the status of the treaty taking place after 5 years. Assisting these multilateral treaties
towards nuclear disarmament is bilateral treaties between the US and the Russian Federation, and several
initiatives towards Missile Technology Control Regime and Hague Code of Conduct against Ballistic
Missile Proliferation.
Country Profile
As of 2019 Russia is in possession of 6,490 nuclear warheads, 2,000 of which have been retired.
And the Russian Federation has entered into bilateral agreements with the United States on the topic of
nuclear non-proliferation. However, this agreement has declined over time as relationships between the
nations have deteriorated. Furthermore, the Russian Federation has signed and ratified the NTP, CTBT,
CPPNM, and the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism. The Russian
Federation is also in support of the IAEA’s additional protocol. They’ve also signed off on UN resolutions
1540 and 1673, in which the state filed reports on its activities and volunteered to help other countries
fulfill. However, we have a great interest in ensuring that the United States is denuclearized.
Solution
In order to ensure nuclear non-proliferation worldwide, the Russian Federation proposes further
enforcement of current resolutions around the world as actions to ensure global nuclear non-proliferation
have already been made, so we need to ensure that nations who signed off on agreements such as the NTP
and resolution 984, actually enforce the deals. Another aspect of nuclear non-proliferation is ensuring that
uranium and plutonium are used for their intended purposes to generate energy, as opposed to being used
to construct bombs in secret as seen with Iran in the past. As many countries have not and refuse to shy
away from nuclear technology such as nuclear energy. Convincing certain nations to completely abandon
using nuclear technology is unattainable. The first preventative measure would be encouraging nations to
sign, and completely ratify the NPT. The NPT is critical in order to work with the safeguards system
under the IAEA which is responsible for verifying state reports of activities and nuclear material. The
IAEA’s safeguards system will provide inspections of nuclear material and will make sure that nuclear
states who sign the NPT are using their nuclear material peacefully. Safeguards visits can also be carried
out during construction in order to make sure that no modification of nuclear facilities is made that will
allow unreported activities to take place such as weapon construction. The fourth and last step of our
solution, developed, asks for developed nuclear countries to take apart their nuclear facilities and sign the
NPT if they have not already. In order to get undeveloped countries to do the same and take steps towards
nuclear disarmament and peace. We ask that these developed countries, participate in international trade
with these underdeveloped countries as they sign the NPT (this would incentivize them to discontinue any
plans of creating nuclear weaponry) and take apart any pre-existing nuclear facilities. The participation of
developed countries is crucial to our solution.
Sources
“Hiroshima and Nagasaki Bombings.”ICAN,www.icanw.org/hiroshima_and_nagasaki_bombings.
“The History of Nuclear Proliferation.” Council on Foreign Relations, Council on Foreign Relations,
world101.cfr.org/global-era-issues/nuclear-proliferation/history-nuclear-proliferation.
“Nuclear Weapons – UNODA.” United Nations, United Nations,

www.un.org/disarmament/wmd/nuclear/#:~:text=Regional%20Nuclear%2DWeapon%2DFree%20Zones,
weapons%20ever%20since%20its%20establishment.
“Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW).” Nuclear Threat Initiative - Ten Years of
Building a Safer World,
www.nti.org/learn/treaties-and-regimes/treaty-on-the-prohibition-of-nuclear-weapons/.
“Fact Sheets & Briefs.” Arms Control and Proliferation Profile: Russia | Arms Control Association,
www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/russiaprofile.
“The New, 2010 Russian Military Doctrine: The Nuclear Angle.” James Martin Center for
Nonproliferation Studies, 23 June 2016, nonproliferation.org/new-2010-russian-military-doctrine/.
“It's Time for the World to Recognize Nuclear as a Clean Energy Source.” Energy.gov,
www.energy.gov/ne/articles/it-s-time-world-recognize-nuclear-clean-energy-source.
“Nuclear Weapons – UNODA.” United Nations, United Nations,

www.un.org/disarmament/wmd/nuclear/.

Policy Paper Russian Federation

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Policy Paper Russian Federation

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Policy Paper Russian Federation

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Committee: IAEA

Topic: Nuclear Non-Proliferation

“Nuclear Weapons – UNODA.” United Nations, United Nations,

“Nuclear Weapons – UNODA.” United Nations, United Nations,

You might also like