Compounding

Guide
3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomers
2 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

3M™ Dyneon™
Fluoroelastomers
Compounding
Fluoroelastomers
Introduction 3
General Compounding 3
General Compounding Ingredients 3
Bases 3
Changes in Properties with Variations in MgO/Ca(OH)2 Ratios and Carbon Black N990 Levels 4
Using FE 5640Q (Table) 4
FE 5640Q Contour Plots 5-6
Using FE 5840Q (Table) 7
FE 5840Q Contour Plots 8-9
Filler Systems 10
Effect of Filler Level (Non-black) on FE 5642 (Table) 11-12
Compounding FE 5642 with Various Fillers (Non-black) (Table) 13
Low Durometer Compounds (Table) 14-15
Cure Systems/Effects of Cure Systems (Table) 16
Processing Aids (Table) 17
Pigments 17
Blending Incorporated Cure Gums with Raw Gum (Table) 18
Blending with Synthetic Elastomers (Table) 19
Effects of Crosslink Density on Bisphenol Cure FKM (Table) 20
Effects of Zinc Oxide on Various Peroxide Cure FKM (Table) 21
Effects of Varying Levels of Co-Agents on Peroxide Cure FKM (FPO 3730) (Table) 22
Product Numbering System Codes 23
Compounding for O-Ring Applications 24
Compounding for Molded Goods Applications 25
Compounding for Extrusion Processes 26
Compounding for Calendering Processes 27
Compounding for Metal Adhesion 27
Safety and Toxicology 28
3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 3

Introduction
Components created with 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer compounds have the potential to
increase the durability, reliability, and safety of your products – provided that they are made
using the proper materials and processes for the application at hand. Variations in the ratios
of inorganic bases, filler systems and cure systems used in compounding can yield significant
control over the physical and rheological properties of the resulting compounds – including
properties such as mold flow and mold release that are critical for many applications.
This manual provides general guidelines that can be used as reference in compounding
fluoroelastomers. In addition to data regarding the physical properties yielded by various
compounds and processes, the effects of potential contamination and the general
requirements of certain types of applications (such as O-rings, molded goods, and extruded
compounds) are also discussed. For more specific guidelines for the materials used in specific
applications, refer to the 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Recipe Book.

Note: The purpose of this guide General Compounding

is to provide basic information to
product users for use in The basics of choosing the polymer and cure system and compounding those systems with the
evaluating, processing, and proper acid acceptors and fillers to fulfill the rheological, physical and processing requirements
troubleshooting their use of are, in general, relatively simple. This is due to the limited number of ingredients that are able to
certain 3M products. The withstand the harsh chemical or thermal environments that fluoroelastomers are exposed to.
information provided is general
or summary in nature and is
offered to assist the user. The General Compounding Ingredients (PHR)*
information is not intended to
replace the user’s careful
Fluoroelastomer 100
consideration of the unique Acid Acceptor(s) 6-20
circumstances and conditions
involved in its use and processing Filler 0-80
of 3M products. The user is
responsible for determining Processing Aids 0-2
whether this information is Curatives (May be incorporated in polymer) 1-4
suitable and appropriate for the
user’s particular use and intended
application. The user is solely Bases
responsible for evaluating third (Acid Acceptors)
party intellectual property rights
and for ensuring that user’s use Inorganic bases commonly used in compounding
and intended application of 3M
product does not violate any third fluoroelastomers include the following:
party intellectual property rights.
CaO Calcium Oxide, HP-XL HallStar®
Ca(OH)2 Calcium Hydroxide, HP-XL HallStar®
MgO Magnesium Oxide, Elastomag® 170
MgO Magnesium Oxide, Maglite Y HallStar®
MgO Magnesium Oxide, Maglite D HallStar®
ZnO Zinc Oxide, USP #1
Inorganic bases affect both the rheological and the physical properties. The best balance of
properties will be achieved by using a combination of calcium hydroxide and magnesium oxide.
The following tables illustrate the change in properties resulting from variations in the ratio of
calcium hydroxide and magnesium oxide.

The general compounding data was generated in our Application and Product Development
Laboratory and should be used only as a guide for compounding. Potential differences may
arise due to differences in raw materials and processing techniques. Materials should be
processed and evaluated in the consumer’s facility to verify the properties.

*Parts per Hundred Rubber

4 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

Changes in Properties with Varying Ratios of Ca(OH)2 and MgO and Levels of Carbon Black
N990 Using FE 5640Q
(Dumbbell Test Specimens)
Compound Formulations, phr (Effect of Ca(OH)2/MgO Ratios and N990 level using FE 5640Q)
FE 5640Q 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
MT Black (N990) 55 5 5 30 55 5 55 5 55 30
Ca(OH)2 HP-XL HallStar® 9 3 3 6 9 9 3 9 3 0
MgO, Elastomag® 170 0 0 6 3 6 6 0 0 6 18
Total Parts 164 108 114 139 170 120 158 114 164 148

MDR, 12 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)

ML, in-lbs 2.1 0.7 0.9 1.4 2.9 1.1 1.9 0.8 2.2 2.0
MH, in-lbs 34.2 11.1 13.4 24.2 39.4 13.8 37.8 12.5 39.0 19.6
ts2, minutes 1.6 7.6 3.8 2.4 1.1 2.1 3.5 3.1 1.9 1.8
t'50, minutes 2.4 8.3 4.3 3.0 1.8 2.3 6.1 3.3 3.5 3.2
t'90, minutes 3.5 11.4 6.4 4.5 2.9 3.2 8.9 4.8 5.4 5.9

Press Cure, 10 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)

15 Min
Tensile, psi 1416 1039 1343 1547 1505 1629 1268 1318 1514 1717
Elongation, % 271 318 315 295 214 326 319 312 320 412
Modulus 100%, psi 948 186 237 623 1027 296 812 226 948 580
Hardness, Type A, pts 88 53 57 76 89 60 87 56 88 75

Post Cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)

Tensile, psi 2237 1069 1745 2303 1748 2180 2050 1606 2466 2473
Elongation, % 184 292 289 235 125 280 203 275 186 250
Modulus 100%, psi 1223 188 249 758 1394 314 1126 252 1271 739
Hardness, Type A, pts 91 54 58 76 91 61 91 58 91 79
Specific Gravity 1.84 1.85 1.90 1.88 1.90 1.90 1.84 1.86 1.87 1.91

Tear Die C on Post Cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)

Tear, ppi 199 98 114 172 186 136 198 123 201 187

Compression Set, 70 hours @ 200°C (392°F), ASTM D1414

Compression Set, %, 0.139"
24 13 12 15 24 13 19 12 17 18
O-ring

Air Aging, 70 hours @ 270°C (518°F), ASTM D573

Tensile, % change -27 -6 -14 -23 -24 -25 -19 -17 -30 -33
Elongation, % change 7 21 31 22 11 13 3 24 17 40
Modulus 100%, psi -28 -27 -34 -27 -28 -14 -26 -29 -30 -27
Hardness, Type A, pts change 1 -6 -6 2 2 -1 1 -5 1 1

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 5

FE 5640Q Contour Plots

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer FE 5640Q is a 66% Fluorine dipolymer of vinyline fluoride and hexafluoropropylene. A design of
experiments (DOE) was run using FE 5640Q varying the levels of carbon black MT N990, Ca(OH)2 HP-XL and MgO Elastomag®
170. The levels of these variables range as: carbon black MT N990, from 5 to 55 phr, Ca(OH)2 HP-XL, from 3 to 9 phr and MgO
Elastomag 170, from 0 to 6 phr. Data collected during the experiment included: cure rheology and physical properties on press
(10 minutes @ 177°C) and post cure (16 hours @ 232°C) test sheets, Die C tear strength after post cure (16 hours @ 232°C),
compression set after post cure (70 hours @ 200°C, 0.139� O-rings) and air aging (70 hours @ 270°C). Contour plots were
generated holding the carbon black level constant at 30 phr.

MH (in-lb) vs Levels of Metal Oxide Post Cure Tensile (psi) vs Levels of Metal Oxide
9 9
MH Post Cure
< 22.5 Tensile
22.5 – 23.0 < 2000
8 8
23.0 – 23.5 2000 – 2100
23.5 – 24.0 2100 – 2200
24.0 – 24.5 2200 – 2300
7 24.5 – 25.0 7 2300 – 2400
> 25.0 2400 – 2500

Ca(OH) 2
> 2500
Ca(OH) 2

Hold Values
6 N990 30 6 Hold Values
N990 30

5 5

4 4

3 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
MgO MgO

Post Cure Elongation (%) vs Levels of Metal Oxide

t'50 (min) vs Levels of Metal Oxide
9
9 Post Cure
T50 Elongation
< 2 < 210
8
2 – 3 210 – 220
8 220 – 230
3 – 4
4 – 5 230 – 240
5 – 6 7 240 – 250
7 > 6 > 250
Ca(OH) 2

Hold Values Hold Values

Ca(OH) 2

N990 30 6 N990 30
6

5
5

4
4

3
3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
MgO
MgO

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

 6 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

FE 5640Q Contour Plots

Post Cure Modulus (psi) vs Levels of Metal Oxide Tear (ppi) vs Levels of Metal Oxide
9 9
Post Cure Tear (ppi)
Modulus < 162
< 700 1 62 – 164
8 8
700 – 750 1 64 – 166
750 – 800 1 66 – 168
800 – 850 1 68 – 170
7 > 850 7 1 70 – 172
> 172
Hold Values
Ca(OH) 2

Ca(OH) 2
N990 30
Hold Values
6 6 N990 30

5 5

4 4

3 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
MgO MgO

Hardness vs Levels of Metal Oxide Compression Set (%) vs Levels of Metal Oxide
9 9
Hardness Compression
< 76 Set
76 – 77 < 14
8 8
77 – 78 14 – 15
78 – 79 15 – 16
79 – 80 16 – 17
7 80 – 81 7 > 17
> 81
Hold Values
Ca(OH) 2

Ca(OH) 2

Hold Values N990 30

6 N990 30 6

5 5

4 4

3 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
MgO MgO

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 7

Changes in Properties with Varying Ratios of Ca(OH)2 and MgO Using FE 5840Q
(Dumbbell Test Specimens)
Compound Formulations, phr (Effect of Ca(OH)2/MgO Ratios Using FE 5840Q)
FE 5840Q 100 100 100 100 100
MT Black (N990) 30 30 30 30 30
Ca(OH)2 HP-XL, HallStar® 3 6 9 9 3
MgO, Elastomag® 170 0 3 6 0 6
Total Parts 133 139 145 139 139

MDR, 12 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)

ML, in-lbs 0.6 1.0 1.4 1.0 0.9
MH, in-lbs 11.1 24.3 27.2 22.6 25.0
ts2, minutes 4.4 2.3 1.4 2.0 2.3
t'50, minutes 5.2 2.8 1.7 2.4 2.9
t'90, minutes 7.1 3.9 2.3 3.3 3.8

Press Cure, 10 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)

Tensile, psi 1173 1420 1343 1248 1345
Elongation, % 625 412 254 387 338
Modulus 100%, psi 394 658 849 626 711
Hardness, Type A, pts 74 82 81 81 79

Post Cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)

Tensile, psi 1521 2222 2188 1964 1952
Elongation, % 402 302 229 285 256
Modulus 100%, psi 490 774 932 770 770
Hardness, Type A, pts 81 88 88 88 84

Tear Die C on Post Cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)

Tear, ppi 194 191 189 191 170

Compression Set, 70 hours @ 200°C (392°F), ASTM D1414

Compression Set, %, 0.139" O-ring 60 36 39 39 36

Air Aging, 70 hours @ 270°C (518°F), ASTM D573

Tensile, % change -54 -52 -48 -52 -54
Elongation, % change 73 56 44 69 87
Modulus 100%, % change -34 -39 -38 -42 -47
Hardness, Type A, pts change -1 -1 0 -1 -2

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

 8 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

FE 5840Q Contour Plots

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer FE 5840Q is a 70% Fluorine terpolymer of vinyline fluoride, hexafluoropropylene and
tetrafluoroethylene. A design of experiments (DOE) was run using FE 5840Q varying the levels of Ca(OH)2 HP-XL and MgO
Elastomag® 170. The levels of these variables range as: Ca(OH)2 HP-XL from 3 to 9 phr and MgO Elastomag 170 from 0 to 6 phr,
holding the carbon black (N990) level constant at 30 phr. Data collected during the experiment included: cure rheology and
physical properties on press (10 minutes @ 177°C) and post cure (16 hours @ 232°C) test sheets, Die C tear strength after post
cure (16 hours @ 232°C), compression set after post cure (70 hours @ 200°C, 0.139� O-rings) and air aging (70 hours @ 270°C).
Contour plots were generated holding the carbon black level constant at 30 phr.

MH (in-lb) vs Levels of Metal Oxide Post Cure Tensile (psi) vs Levels of Metal Oxide
9 9
MH Tensile, psi
(in-lb)
< 1600
< 12
8 1600 – 1700
12 – 16 8
1700 – 1800
16 – 20
1800 – 1900
20 – 24
1900 – 2000
7 24 – 28
7 2000 – 2100
> 28
2100 – 2200
Ca(OH) 2

Ca(OH) 2
Hold Values > 2200
6 N990 30
6 Hold Values
N990 30

5
5

4
4

3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
MgO
MgO

t'50 (min) vs Levels of Metal Oxide Post Cure Elongation (%) vs Levels of Metal Oxide
9 9
T50 (min) Elongation
< 2.0 %
2.0 – 2.5 < 250
8 8
2.5 – 3.0 250 – 275
3.0 – 3.5 275 – 300
3.5 – 4.0 300 – 325
7 4.0 – 4.5 7 325 – 350
4.5 – 5.0 350 – 375
Ca(OH) 2

> 5.0 375 – 400

Ca(OH) 2

6 > 400
Hold Values 6
N990 30 Hold Values
N990 30
5 5

4 4

3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
MgO
MgO

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 9

FE 5840Q Contour Plots

Post Cure Modulus (psi) vs Levels of Metal Oxide Tear (ppi) vs Levels of Metal Oxide
9 9
100% Tear (ppi)
Modulus, < 175
psi 175 – 180
8 8
< 500 180 – 185
500 – 600 185 – 190
600 – 700 190 – 195
7 700 – 800 7 > 195
800 – 900
Ca(OH) 2

> 900

Ca(OH) 2
6 6

5
5

4
4

3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
MgO
MgO

Hardness vs Levels of Metal Oxide Compression Set (%) vs Levels of Metal Oxide
9 9
Hardness Compression
< 82 Set
82 – 84 %
8 8 < 30
84 – 86
86 – 88 30 – 35
> 88 35 – 40
7 7 40 – 45
45 – 50
50 – 55
Ca(OH) 2
Ca(OH) 2

55 – 60
6 6 > 60

5 5

4 4

3 3
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
MgO MgO

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

10 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

Filler Systems
Black ASTM Code
MT Medium Thermal N990
SRF Semi-Reinforcing Furnace N774 and N762
HAF High Abrasion Furnace N326 and N330

Carbon Black Comparison Table (for equivalent hardness)

1 part N330 2.5 parts N990
1 part N550 2.4 parts N990
1 part N660 2.0 parts N990
1 part N774 1.9 parts N990
1 part N762 1.6 parts N990

Non-Black (Mineral) Common Trade Names

Fine Ground Silica Min-U-Sil® (5 micron)
Oxides Mapico® Tan-10 (Fe2O3• ZnO)
Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3 Albacar® 5970
Barium Sulfate, BaSO4 Huberbite® 10
Calcium Metasilicate NYAD® 400
Zinc Oxide, ZnO USP #1
Titanium Dioxide, TiO2 Sakai Chemical A-110
Mistron CB Cyprubond
Silicone Dioxide Aerosil® R972
Zinc Sulfide, ZnS Sachtolith L
3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 11

Effect of Filler Level (Non-Black)

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer FE 5642 formulated to various durometers with various non-black fillers.
55±5 Durometer 60±5 Durometer
Compound Recipe 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6
FE 5642 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Ca(OH)2 HP-XL, Hallstar® 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
MgO, Elastomag® 170 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Min-U-Sil (5 microns)
® 10 20
Zinc Oxide, USP #1 25 45
NYAD® 400 10 22
Calcium Carbonate, Albacar® 5970 10 22
Mapico Tan 10A
® 15 25
Barium Sulfate, Huberbrite® 10 20 40

Post cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)

Tensile, psi 1565 2160 1265 1185 1605 1560 1885 2275 1415 1445 2035 1810
Elongation, % 225 345 285 280 290 320 275 330 255 310 305 325
Modulus 100%, psi 260 240 250 220 245 235 370 320 430 335 390 345
Hardness, Type A, pts 56 56 56 54 56 57 60 63 61 60 62 62

Air aging, 70 hours @ 270°C (518°F), ASTM D573

Tensile, % change -41 -4 -13 -11 -20 -19 -43 -5 -21 -2 -31 -22
Elongation, % change 38 -10 13 -5 19 13 7 -14 18 -10 15 6
Hardness, Type A, pts change -6 2 -4 -1 -4 -4 -2 3 -3 -1 -3 -1

Compression Set, 70 hours @ 200°C (392°F), ASTM D1414

Compression Set, %, 0.139" O-ring 16 18 16 20 16 16 Not Run

Specific Gravity, ASTM D297

1.90 2.17 1.94 1.93 2.03 2.06 1.97 2.34 1.98 1.99 2.13 2.22

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

12 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

Effect of Filler Level (Non-Black) continued

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer FE 5642 formulated to various durometers with various non-black fillers.
70±5 Durometer 80±5 Durometer 90±5 Durometer
Compound Recipe 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6
FE 5642 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Ca(OH)2 HP-XL, Hallstar® 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
MgO, Elastomag® 170 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Min-U-Sil (5 microns)
® 40 62 85
Zinc Oxide, USP #1 75 100 155
NYAD® 400 45 70 95
Calcium Carbonate, Albacar® 5970 45 70 95
Mapico Tan 10A
® 45 72 100
Barium Sulfate, Huberbrite® 10 60 85 120

Post cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)

Tensile, psi 2360 2620 1735 1405 2200 1865 2280 2630 1870 1530 2465 1850 2265 2100 1920 1575 2320 1575
Elongation, % 240 305 205 280 300 350 180 300 160 220 310 300 165 215 125 150 260 225
Modulus 100%, psi 810 510 1130 615 480 450 1220 655 1465 970 860 585 1405 1075 1615 1265 1125 810
Hardness, Type A, pts 72 69 73 70 69 69 80 79 81 78 79 79 88 93 86 85 89 86

Air aging, 70 hours @ 270°C (518°F), ASTM D573

Tensile, % change -47 -20 -26 8 -32 -24 -49 -29 -29 3 -45 -17 -43 -37 -28 3 -52 -17
Elongation, % change 4 -16 15 -25 8 -9 14 -32 16 -41 -8 -3 12 -33 4 -33 -10 -9
Hardness, Type A, pts change -3 6 -2 2 0 0 1 2 -1 4 5 1 1 2 2 3 5 0

Compression Set, 70 hours @ 200°C (392°F), ASTM D1414

Compression Set, %, 0.139" O-ring 18 27 17 21 22 18 Not Run 27 53 22 25 38 27

Specific Gravity, ASTM D297

2.03 2.62 2.10 2.07 2.31 2.36 2.11 2.91 2.20 2.14 2.55 2.53 2.17 3.20 2.28 2.20 2.74 2.70

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 13

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer FE 5642 formulated to various durometers with various non-black fillers.
N990 TiO2 A-110 Albacar ® Zinc
NYAD® Celite® Min-U-Sil® Aerosil® Mistron® CB Austin BaSO4 Mapico®
Test Formulation, PHR MT Sakai 5970 Cal Oxide
400 350 5µ R972 (Cyprubond) Black ® Huberbrite 10 Tan 10A
®
Black Chemical CaCO3 USP #1
FE 5642 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
MgO, Elastomag® 170 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Ca(OH)2 HP-XL, Hallstar ® 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Filler Level 30 45 20 35 10 25 25 60 65 50 45 80
Total Parts 139 154 129 144 119 134 134 169 174 159 154 189

MDR, 6 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)

ML, in-lbs 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.6 2.0 1.8 1.6 2.3 1.9
MH, in-lbs 17.5 15.6 14.5 14.4 8.5 9.8 11.8 18.4 14.0 14.6 18.0 12.0
ts2, minutes 1.7 1.3 1.8 1.3 2.1 4.4 3.2 0.9 1.1 1.6 1.0 1.3
t'50, Minutes 2.2 1.5 2.1 1.6 2.5 6.1 5.3 1.3 1.4 2.0 1.2 1.6
t'90, Minutes 3.5 2.4 3.3 2.4 3.6 9.8 9.6 2.3 2.2 3.3 1.9 2.9

Press Cure, 10 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)

Tensile, psi 1674 1030 1742 1299 2542 2203 1198 1717 1490 2306 1722 2290
Elongation, % 420 311 436 360 602 462 621 482 438 520 416 593
Modulus 50%, psi 283 303 286 262 182 521 235 355 241 301 288 267
Modulus 100%, psi 462 470 506 432 242 980 324 486 374 511 543 393
Hardness, Type A, pts 72 70 69 69 60 73 67 78 68 70 72 71

Post Cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)

Tensile, psi 2356 1845 2395 2614 3014 2504 1824 2477 2136 2756 2552 2480
Elongation, % 285 211 255 250 434 277 351 280 321 256 234 286
Modulus 50%, psi 315 365 354 344 205 621 263 502 276 352 371 339
Modulus 100%, psi 561 882 783 763 292 1235 442 745 505 720 800 571
Hardness, Type A, pts 73 72 71 71 64 73 70 85 69 74 74 74
Specific Gravity 1.8 2.1 1.9 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.0 2.6

Air Aging, 70 hours @ 270°C (518°F), ASTM D573

Tensile, % change -30 -34 -37 -45 -33 -34 -29 -29 -49 -30 -12
Elongation, % change 31 15 65 46 66 51 -3 47 45 -25 37
Modulus 50, % change -20 -21 -26 -30 -8 -22 -23 Too Brittle -22 -6 44 3
Modulus 100%, % change -35 -35 -44 -47 -17 -33 -29 -35 -30 26 -9
Hardness, Type A, pts 1 1 -1 -1 1 1 -2 1 3 8 6

Compression Set, 70 hours @ 200ºC (392ºF), ASTM D1414

Compression Set, %,
18 17 20 17 31 24 16 29 19 25 21 30
0.139" O-ring

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

14 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

Before specifying a low Low Durometer Compounds

durometer compound, you A Type A durometer rating between 45 and 60 is considered low for fluoroelastomers.
might consider one with a
higher durometer rating that Some of the interest in low durometer fluoroelastomers is a result of upgrading from silicones to
offers similar performance fluoroelastomer. In doing this, consideration should be given to the fact that some compromises
characteristics. For more are made in properties as the fluoroelastomer durometer is reduced. These compromises include:
information on the effect Lower physical properties – In general, the lower the durometer below 55, the lower the
of durometer ratings in properties. However, the differences are not always great.
specific applications,
contact your 3M Technical Less compression set resistance – The result of lower crosslink densities and process
Representative. aids/plasticizers.
Slower cures – This can be increased using small amounts of accelerator, such as
3M™ Dynamar™ FC 2172 or 3M™ Dynamar™ FX 5166.
Higher cost – In comparing compounds above the 45-55 durometer range, the higher level
of fillers required at 55 durometer may be partially offset by diluting with lower cost raw gum.
In 45 durometer stocks, plasticizers can aid processability and also help keep costs down.
Guidelines
The following guidelines can be used to produce low durometer fluoroelastomer compounds.
1. Use high crosslink density (FE 5640Q, FC 2174, FC 2152, FE 5641Q) incorporated cure
polymers to blend 50/50 with low to medium viscosity raw gum polymers (FC 2145,
FC 2230).
2. Use medium viscosity (FE 5640Q, FC 2174, FE 5641Q, FC 2230) polymers for compression
molding. Lower viscosities may be used for transfer or injection molding.
3. Use 1-2 phr FC 2172 if necessary to accelerate the cure.
4. Use 3 phr each MgO and Ca(OH)2.
5. Use 1-3 phr filler.
6. Use 0.5 to 1 phr Carnauba wax if release or tearing during molding is a problem.
Mix well or blistering may occur.
3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 15

Low Durometer Compounds

Outlined below are typical compounds of this type:
A B
3M™ Dyneon™ FC 2174 100 50
3M™ Dyneon™ FC 2145 50
3M™ Dyneon™ FC 2172 – 1
MT Black (N990) 3 2
Ca(OH)2 HP-XL, Hallstar® 6 3
MgO (Maglite® D) 3 3
Carnauba Wax 0.5 0.5

Typical Rheological Properties

Cure ODR, 177°C (350°F)
Minimum 11.0 9.0
Time to 1 pt. Rise 4.6 4.2
Time to 30 in-lb torque 6.2 6.1
Torque at 12 minutes 77 41

Typical Physical Properties

Press Cure, 10 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)
Tensile, psi 1000 1000
Elongation, % 275 480
Modulus 100%, psi 258 163
Hardness, Type A, pts 55 47

Post Cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)

Tensile, psi 1450 1300
Elongation, % 250 430
Modulus 100%, psi 265 148
Hardness, Type A, pts 55 47
Tear Strength, Die C ppi 77 91

Heat Aging, 70 hours @ 270°C (518°F), ASTM D573

Tensile, psi 1150 840
Elongation, % 255 420
Modulus 100%, psi 229 115
Hardness, Type A, pts 53 45

Compression Set, %, 0.139" O-ring, ASTM D1414

22 hours @ 200°C (392°F) 7 12
70 hours @ 200°C (392°F) 15 25
70 hours @ 149°C (300°F) 1 8

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

16 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

Cure Systems Effects of Cure Systems

Typical Properties of Vulcanized Compound.
Diamine – Added by molder
Diamine Dihydroxy Peroxide Peroxide
Dicinnamylidene hexane Compound Formulations, phr
diamine, Diak® No. 3 A B C D
Hexamethylene diamine 3M™ Dyneon™ FC 2260 100 100 100 100
carbamate, Diak® No. 1 MT Black (N990) 30 30 30 30
Dihydroxy – Incorporated by MgO, Maglite Y ® 10 – – –
manufacturer in most cases MgO, Elastomag® 170 – 3 – –
Hexafluoropropylidene Ca(OH)2 HP-XL, Hallstar® – 6 – 3
diphenol (Bisphenol AF; Varox® DBPH-50 HP – – 2.5 2.5
crosslinker)/ TAIC – – 3 3
Triphenylbenzylphosphonium Diamine, Diak® No. 3 2.5 – – –
chloride (accelerator)
Dihydroxy – 1.8 – –
Peroxide – Added by molder Accelerator – 0.6 – –
2,5-dimethyl-2,5 ZnO – – 5.0 –
Di(t-butyl-peroxy) hexane/
Triallyl Isocyanurate (coagent) Original Properties
Each cure system Mooney Scorch, 30 minutes, MS250, ASTM D1646
has advantages and Minimum Viscosity, MU 90.5 66.7 48.1 53.9
disadvantages.
t3, minutes 5.61 11.00 >30 >30
t10, minutes 7.22 16.44 >30 >30
t18, minutes 8.71 19.60 >30 >30

MDR, 12 minutes @ 177°C (350°F), 0.5°arc, ASTM D5289

Minimum Torque, ML, in-lb 2.7 2.8 2.2 2.3
Maximum Torque, ML, in-lb 18.0 20.7 12.6 14.6
ts2, minutes 1.8 1.3 1.0 0.9
t'50, minutes 4.4 2.2 1.6 1.6
t'90, minutes 9.2 3.9 4.0 4.6

Press Cure, 15 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)

Tensile, psi 1440 1295 1605 1790
Elongation, % 220 235 295 270
Modulus 100%, psi 660 650 450 505
Hardness, Type A, pts 71 74 69 71

Post Cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)

Tensile, psi 1960 1980 2185 2230
Elongation, % 160 200 270 245
Modulus 100%, psi 915 890 570 595
Hardness, Type A, pts 75 74 72 72

Compression Set, 70 hours @ 200°C (392°F), ASTM D1414

Compression Set, %, 0.139" O-ring 53 17 34 32

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 17

Processing Aids
Recommended
Type Example Effect
Loading
Improved release, good flow/surface,
Waxes Carnauba Wax 0.5-2.0 phr
most common
Plasticizers DBS/DOP Lowers viscosity, increased shrinkage 1.0-3.0 phr
Stearates Zinc Stearate, Aflux 54 Improved release 0.5-3.0 phr
Polyethylene AC 1702 Improved release and flow 0.5-3.0 phr
Organosilicones WS 280 Improved release, good flow/surface 0.5-2.0 phr
Fatty Acid Esters WB 222, HT 290 Improved release, good flow/surface 0.5-2.0 phr
Improved release, good flow/surface,
Siloxane
3M™ Dynamar™ RA 5300 minimized impact on physical properties 0.5-1.0 phr
Elastomer and shrinkage

Pigments
Color Common Trade Names

Red Harwick Stan-tone® D-2000, D-2503 Bayferrox® 160M

Yellow Harwick Stan-tone® DC-445, Bayferrox® 1420M
Green Harwick Stan-tone® D-5005; Akrochem® 414
Blue Harwick Stan-tone® D-4006, D-4900, Akrochem® 626
Brown Harwick Stan-tone® D-8300, D-8301
Orange Harwick Stan-tone® D-1504, Akrochem® 870

Key Considerations for Pigments

• Inorganic based pigments are preferred due to the high temperatures needed to post cure
fluoroelastomers. Organic based pigments tend to degrade at high temperatures leading to
inconsistent colors and color variation.
• Use with non-black fillers ZnS or ZnO, depending on filler choice the final color will vary.
• Use ZnS, ZnO or TiO2 for brighter, more vibrant, colors.
• Minimize use – too much negatively affects shrinkage, physical properties, and/or adhesion.
18 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

Blending Blending 3M™ Dyneon™ Incorporated Cure Gums with Raw Gum
Fluorocarbon Compound Formulations, phr A B C D E F G
Elastomers FE 5640Q 100 80 60 80 60 80 60
The blending or dilution of FC 2145 – 20 40 – – – –
an incorporated cure polymer FC 2230 – – – 20 40 – –
with that of a raw gum FC 2178 – – – – – 20 40
polymer will change certain
MT Black (N990) 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
physical properties and
flow characteristics. The Ca(OH)2 HP-XL, Hallstar® 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
most common reasons for MgO, Elastomag® 170 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
blending a raw gum polymer
MDR, 12 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)
with an incorporated cure
gum would be to: ML, in-lb 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 3.0
MH, in-lb 25.0 18.0 11.0 18.0 11.0 18.0 14.0
• Increase elongation ts2, minutes 2.5 2.5 2.8 2.3 2.5 2.1 1.9
• Lower modulus t'50, minutes 3.4 3.4 4.0 3.1 3.5 2.9 2.8
t'90, minutes 4.7 4.8 6.8 4.2 5.7 3.9 4.4
• Improve tear strength
Press Cure, 10 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)
• I ncrease or lower Tensile, psi 1425 1415 1360 1415 1420 1550 1580
compound viscosity Elongation, % 280 380 495 310 515 350 505
(depending on which
Modulus 100%, psi 610 440 305 485 300 475 355
polymers are involved)
Hardness, Type A, pts 76 72 69 72 68 71 69
• Adjust level of curatives
Press Cure Tear Die C
Tear, ppi 117 139 145 130 145 133 148

Post Cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)

Tensile, psi 2080 2180 2055 2110 2105 2160 2305
Elongation, % 215 275 350 250 340 255 330
Modulus 100%, psi 770 605 370 560 365 585 425
Hardness, Type A, pts 77 75 70 70 71 72 71

Post Cure Tear Die C

Tear, ppi 136 142 153 142 155 151 160

Heat Aging, 70 hours @ 270°C (518°F), ASTM D573

Tensile, psi 2045 1900 1770 1745 1710 2035 1820
Elongation, % 205 250 370 240 370 260 335
Modulus 100%, psi 705 510 360 470 320 515 365
Hardness, Type A, pts 77 75 70 74 72 73 71

Compression Set, 70 hours @ Room Temperature, ASTM D1414

Compression Set, %, 0.139" O-ring 9 16 33 16 31 14 26

Compression Set, 70 hours @ 200°C (392°F), ASTM D1414

Compression Set, %, 0.139" O-ring 15 18 32 17 28 16 25

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 19

Blending 3M™ Dyneon™ Peroxide Curable Fluoroelastomers

with Synthetic Elastomers
Peroxide Curable Fluorelastomers can be blended with:
• Fluorosilicones • Nitriles • EPDM
• Silicones • Epichlorohydrin

Blending Fluorocarbon/Fluorosilicone Elastomers

A B C
Compound Formulations, phr
(80/20) (60/40) (60/40)
3M™ Dyneon™ FC 2260 80 60 60
Fluorosilicone (Dow Corning LS-420)
® 20 40 40
Iron Oxide (Bayferrox® 110M) – – 2.5
Silicon Dioxide (Aerosil® R-972) 20 20 15
Fumed Silica (Cab-O-Sil® HS-5) 6.5 6.5 –
Ca(OH)2 HP-XL, Hallstar ® 3 3 –
Peroxide (Luperco 101 XL) 1.3 1.3 1.4
TAIC (Diak® No. 7) 1.1 1.2 1.6

Typical Rheological Properties – 12 minutes ODR @ 177°C (350°F), 100 CPM, 3° Arc
Minimum torque, in-lb 39 23 12
Time to 1 in-lb rise, minutes 3.0 2.2 2.7
Time to 80 in-lb torque, minutes 4.2 4.2 8.1
Maximum torque, 12 minutes, in-lb 95 81 53
Typical Physical Properties
Cure, 15 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)
Post Cure, 16 hours @ 200°C (392°F)
Specific Gravity 1.73 1.66 1.63
Tensile, psi 2160 1580 1390
Elongation, % 290 235 330
Modulus 100%, psi 740 660 320
Hardness, Type A, pts 83 79 63

Compression Set, 0.139' O-ring, %, ASTM D1414

70 hours @ 149°C (300°F) 28 25 18
70 hours @ 200°C (392°F) 50 50 54

Low Temperature Properties

TR10, °C (°F) -21 (-6) -24 (-11) -24 (-11)
Brittleness Point, °C (°F) -30 (-22) -43 (-45) -53 (-63)

Torsional Modulus, psi × 10 4

-20°C (-4°F) 1.6 0.4 0.3

-30°C (-22°F) 4.9 1.7 1.3
-40°C (-40°F) 7.6 2.7 2.1
-50°C (-58°F) 9.7 3.0 2.7
-60°C (-76°F) 11.0 4.8 3.6

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

20 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

Effects of Crosslink Density on Bisphenol Cure Fluoroelastomer

Typical Properties of Vulcanized Compound
Compound Formulations, phr Low Medium High
3M™ Dyneon™ FC 2230 100 100 100
Bisphenol-AF 0.95 1.26 1.89
FX 5166 0.21 0.29 0.43
Ca(OH)2 HP-XL, HallStar® 6 6 6
MgO, Elastomag® 170 3 3 3
MT Black (N990) 30 30 30
Total Parts 140.2 140.6 141.3

MDR, 12 minutes @ 177°C (350°F), 0.5°arc

ML, in-lb 1.2 1.2 1.2
MH, in-lb 11.0 14.9 22.9
ts2, minutes 1.4 1.2 1.2
t'50, minutes 1.9 1.5 1.5
t'90, minutes 2.9 2.2 2.1
Tand @ML 0.96 0.99 0.99
Tand @MH 0.11 0.07 0.04
Press Cure, 10 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)
Post Cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)
Tensile, psi 2046 2412 2448
Elongation, % 310 264 194
Modulus 100%, psi 447 597 911
Hardness, Type A, pts 68 71 77

Compression Set, 70 hours @ 200°C (392°F), ASTM D395 (buttons)

Compression Set, % 27 21 20

Increasing the crosslink density while maintaining the cure rate typically leads to the following:
• An increase in MH • An increase in hardness
• An increase in modulus @100% strain • Lower compression set
• A decrease in elongation

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 21

Effects of Zinc Oxide on Various Peroxide Cure Fluoroelastomers

3M™ Dyneon™ Peroxide Cure FKM FC 2260 FPO 3520 FPO 3630 FPO 3740 FLS 2650
66% 66% 68% 69.5% 70%
Dipolymer Terpolymer Terpolymer Terpolymer Terpolymer
3M™ Dyneon™ Peroxide Cure FKM 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
•F
 C 2260 and FLS 2650
products require ZnO TAIC 100% 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
to achieve ultimate DBPH 100% 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
cure state. ZnO 3 3 3 3 3
MT Black (N990) 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
•F
 PO products can be
cured with or without MDR, 6 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)
ZnO depending on ML, in-lb 2.2 2.3 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 1.5 1.6
application needs. MH, in-lb 4.7 12.2 13.0 17.2 16.1 18.2 15.2 18.1 3.8 11.5
• ZnO promotes property ts2, minutes 2.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 2.5 0.6
retention after heat aging, t'50, minutes 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9
however, will negatively t'90, minutes 3.6 2.3 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.7 2.6 2.2
affect volume swell with
Press Cure, 10 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)
water, acids and steam.
Tensile, psi NA 1474 2300 2075 2105 2320 2225 2360 NA 1460
• Addition of ZnO may Elongation, % 325 315 215 265 230 250 235 320
increase hardness, Modulus 100%, psi 325 360 625 520 685 575 649 410
decrease elongation,
Hardness, Type A, pts 66 61 66 68 70 66 67 68
and increase modulus.
Post Cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)
Tensile, psi NA 2930 3040 3500 3270 3450 3150 3530 NA 2675
Elongation, % 290 245 195 260 200 240 210 215
Modulus 100%, psi 600 720 1150 920 1120 710 960 910
Hardness, Type A, pts 72 67 72 72 75 71 72 74

Compression Set, % 70 hours @ 200°C (392°F), 0.139' O-ring, ASTM 1414

Press Cure NA 59 47 50 40 47 51 48 NA 67
Post Cure 41 46 50 42 38 49 40 44

Acetic Acid Immersion - 1.0M Solution @ 100°C, %Volume Swell

48 hours NA 47 0.1 27 -0.1 23 -0.3 21 NA 34
168 hours 73 1.1 54 0.8 53 0.6 48 75
504 hours 59 1.3 71 1.2 81 1.0 68 115

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

22 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

Effects on Varying Levels of Co-Agents

on Peroxide Cure Fluoroelastomer FPO 3730
Typical Properties of Vulcanized Compound

TAIC Constant DBPH-50 Constant

Compound Formulations, phr A B C D E F G H
Increasing the level of
Dyneon FPO 3730 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
peroxide, Varox DBPH-50,
typically increases the MT Black (N990) 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
cure speed. TAIC 100% 2 2 2 2 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
Varox DBPH-50 1 2 3 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
Increasing levels of TAIC: ZnO 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
• I ncreases MH Mooney Scorch @ 121°C (250°F)
Minimum Viscosity, MU not tested 26.8 25.8 not tested 30 29.7 29.4 28.5
• I ncreases modulus
@ 100% strain t3, minutes not tested >30 22.8 not tested >30 >30 >30 >30
t10, minutes not tested >30 25.6 not tested >30 >30 >30 >30
• I ncreases tensile
MDR, 0.5° Arc 12 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)
strength
ML, in-lbs 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8
•L
 owers elongation MH, in-lbs 17.4 17.7 17.0 16.7 14.0 15.8 17.0 18.4
and compression set ts2, minutes 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
t'50, minutes 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9
t'90, minutes 2.9 1.8 1.4 1.1 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.4

Press Cure, 10 minutes @ 177°C (350°F)

Tensile, psi 2218 2329 2434 2412 1664 1912 2185 2414
Elongation, % 249 236 231 231 312 277 277 249
Modulus 100%, psi 696 637 633 608 396 487 474 610
Hardness, Type A, pts 67 68 65 65 65 66 66 68
Specific Gravity 1.90 1.89 1.88 1.88 1.89 1.89 1.89 1.88

Post Cure, 16 hours @ 232°C (450°F)

Tensile, psi 3449 3557 3548 3368 3228 3484 3423 3563
Elongation, % 227 201 199 187 251 223 218 207
Modulus 100%, psi 912 1068 1033 1096 692 852 916 1125
Hardness, Type A 71 71 71 71 68 69 70 71
Specific Gravity 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.90 1.91 1.90 1.90

Heat Age, 70 hours @ 250°C (482°F)

Tensile, psi 3520 3552 3452 3527 3349 3467 3432 3570
Elongation, % 260 252 238 231 272 240 235 231
Modulus 100%, psi 720 764 785 928 737 838 943 964
Hardness, Type A, pts 70 70 70 71 68 69 70 71

Tensile Change % 2 0 -3 5 4 0 0 0
Elongation Change % 15 25 20 24 8 8 8 12
Modulus Change % -21 -28 -24 -15 7 -2 3 -14
Hardness Change, pts -1 0 -1 0 0 0 0 0
Compression Set %, 70 hours @ 200°C, 0.139' O-ring, ASTM 1414
Press Cure 49 48 49 49 58 51 45 43
Post Cure 38 39 40 41 46 39 36 33

Note: MgO, Ca(OH)2 and N990 in phr

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 23

Product Numbering System Codes

Product Numbering System Codes

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer 2000 Series

1st Digit
3rd Digit
Prefix Characters
FC -2123
FT -2350 4th Digit
FLS -2650

2nd Digit

Code Property
Represents Fluorine Content (FC:65.6 to 67.9% F; FT: 68.0 to 69.9% FLS:70% F and above;
Prefix Characters
FX: Precommercial product)
1st Digit Always “2”
2nd Digit Distinguishes cure type (even numbers – raw gum; odd numbers – incorporated cure)
Mooney Viscosity range [ML1 + 10 @ 121º C] (1 = 0 to 19; 2=20 to 29; 3 = 30 to 39; 4 = 40 to
3rd Digit
49; 5 = 50 to 59; 6 = 60 to 69; 7 = 70 to 79; 8 = 80 to 89; 9 = 90 to 99; 0 = 100 and above)
4th Digit Sequential number: (0-9)
Notes: FC-2145, FC-2174, FC-2176, FC-2177, FC-2178, FC-2180, FC-2181, FC-2182 and FLS-2530 do not conform
to this system. The products were introduced prior to the development of the current numbering system.

3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer 5000 Series

1st Digit
3rd Digit
Prefix Characters
FE -5620 Q
FG -5630 Q

4th Digit
2nd Digit

Code Property
Prefix Characters "FE or "FG"
Represents Fluorine Content (56 = 65.6 to 67.9% F; 57 = 68.0 to 69,9% F;
1st and 2nd Digit
58 = 70.0% F and above)
Mooney Viscosity range [ML1 + 10 @ 121º C] (1 = 0 to 19; 2=20 to 29; 3 = 30 to 39;
3rd Digit 4 = 40 to 49; 5 = 50 to 59; 6 = 60 to 69; 7 = 70 to 79; 8 = 80 to 89; 9 = 90 to 99;
0 = 100 and above)
4th Digit Sequential number: (0-9)
24 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

Compounding for O-Ring Applications FE Products Compared

Simple parts such as O-rings can be made to FC Products
via injection or compression molding. • Cleaner running
• Better flow
Polymer Selection: Filler Selection: • Excellent mold release
•P
 olymer with high crosslink density • Black or non-black • Improved scorch resistance
(low compression set) @ higher molding temperatures
• MT Black and Austin Black® yield >200°C (392°F)
•P
 olymer must have good mold release best compression set resistance
characteristics • More consistent cycle-to-cycle
part dimensions

Suggested O-Ring Polymers:

Dipolymers (66%F) Terpolymers (~70%F)

9 65.9 9 65.9 37 70.1
FC 2110Q FE 5610 FE 5840Q
-18 23 -18 23 -7 35

23 65.9 23 65.9 23 65.9

• Faster Cure
FC 2121 FE 5620Q FE 5623
-18 20 -18 18 -18 19
23 65.9
• Lower Mold Shrinkage
FE 5621 23 65.9
-18 18 FE 5643Q
-18 16
43 65.9 40 65.9
FC 2174 FE 5640Q
-18 18 -18 16
• Lower Mold 40 65.9 40 65.9
Shrinkage
FC 2180 FE 5641Q
-18 12 -18 16

80 65.9 60 65.9
FC 2179 FE 5660Q
-18 13 -18 15

Product Legend
A B
FE 5620Q

(°C)
3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 25

Compounding for Molded Goods Applications FE Products Compared

Molded goods are typically parts that require improved mold flow, mold release to FC Products
characteristics and a specific state of cure in the polymer. These parts commonly • Cleaner running
have complex shapes that may include undercuts or ribbed sections that cause • Better flow
demolding problems, i.e. tearing, if the proper compound is not used. Successful • Better release
molding techniques consist of injection, transfer or compression molding.
• Improved metal adhesion
Polymer Selection: Filler Selection: • Improved scorch resistance
•P
 olymer with low crosslink density • Black or non-black
(high elongation)
• SRF and HAF blacks yield the
•P
 olymer must have good mold best hot tear strength
release characteristics
• High ratio of MgO to Ca(OH)2
improves tear strength
Suggested Molded Goods Polymers:

Dipolymers (66%F)
25 65.9 • Improved metal 25 65.9 22 65.9
adhesion
FC 2122 FC 2123 FE 5622Q
-18 28 -18 23 -18 23
• Metal adhesion
• Hot tear 41 65.9
FC 2144 • Improve comp. set
-18 18 44 65.9 40 65.9

30 65.9
• Hot tear
51
FC 2181 FE 5642
• High Mooney 65.9
-18 19 -18 20
FC 2176 FC 2152
-18 22 • Higher F -18 22
• High fluid
resistance 38 65.9
FLS 2530
-8 28
Terpolymers (~70%F)
37 70.1
FE 5840Q
-7 35

Product Legend
A B
FE 5642

(°C)

2
26 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

Compounding for Extrusion Processes FE Products Compared

Compound Considerations: Typical Recommendations:
to FC Products
• Produce smooth extrudates 
• Extrudate surface requirements • Medium to low viscosity gum without process aids
• Configuration of finished part • 1-2 phr process aid • Can be compounded to pass 
(DBS/Polyethylene/Wax /RA 5300 -40°C mandrel flex test
•T
 emperature capabilities of processing see Processing Aid Table on page 17)
equipment (choose process aid that will
be effective). • Barrel and die temperatures
at 65 to 104°C (150 to 220°F)

Suggested Extrusion Formulations O-ring Cord Hose/Tubing

3M Dyneon FE 5620Q, FE 5640Q
™ ™ 100 -
3M™ Dyneon™ FE 5620Q, FE 5640Q - 100
Magnesium Oxide, MgO 3 3
Calcium Hydroxide, Ca(OH)2 6 6
MT Black (N990) 10-50 -
SRF (N-762) - 10-20
BaSO4 or CaCO3 - 20-40
Carnauba Wax 0.5-1.0 0.5-1.5
Poly AC 6A - 0-0.5

Suggested Extrusion Grade Polymers:

Dipolymers (66%F)
23 65.9 30 65.9
FC 2120 FC 2182
-18 22 -18 22

Terpolymers (68%-71%F)
28 68.6
FX 11818
-14 34 36 69.2 33 70.5
• 69.2% F • 70.5% F
23 69 FE 5730 FE 5830Q
• Good • Excellent
permeation -12 45 permeation -7 50
FT 2320
resistance to resistance to
-12 30 automotive fuels automotive fuels

Product Legend
A B
FE 5620Q

(°C)

2
3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide 27

Compounding for Calendering Processes

Limiting Factors on Compound:
• I ntended end-use of calendered sheet (i.e. die cut gaskets, fabric lamination,
sheet stock)
• Temperature range of calender
• Thickness of stock

Suggested Calendering Formulations PHR

Low/Medium Viscosity inc. cure polymer 100
Magnesium Oxide, MgO 3
Calcium Hydroxide, Ca(OH)2 6
MT Black (N990) 10-60
Carnauba Wax 1
Polyethylene 1

Compounding for Metal Adhesion

Acid Acceptors:
• Higher levels of metal oxides, e.g. MgO, promotes better adhesion.
•A
 ddition of 3-5 phr calcium oxide (CaO) improves adhesion.

Fillers:
• Black/non-black used in fluoroelastomers that do not adversely affect
cure speed or aging properties.
• Process aids are only used if necessary.

Recommended Formulations PHR

3M Dyneon FE 5642, FE 5622Q, FC 2123
™ ™ 100
Magnesium Oxide, MgO 3
Calcium Hydroxide, Ca(OH)2 6
Calcium Oxide, CaO 0-5
MT Black (N990) 5-50

Higher durometers are harder to bond.

 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomer Compounding Guide

Safety and Toxicology

Before processing 3M™ Dyneon™ Fluoroelastomers, read and follow all precautions and directions for use contained in the
product label and Safety Data Sheet (SDS). General handling precautions and directions for use include: (1) Store and use all
Dyneon fluoroelastomers only in well ventilated areas; (2) Do not smoke in areas contaminated with dust from fluoroelastomers;
(3) Avoid eye contact; (4) After handling Dyneon fluoroelastomers wash any contacted skin with soap and water.
Potential hazards, including evolution of toxic vapors, can occur during compounding or processing under excessively
high temperature conditions. Appropriate local exhaust ventilation such as vapor extractor units should be installed above
compounding or processing equipment. When compounding, be sure to read and follow all precautions and directions
for use from other compound ingredient suppliers.

References
ASTM D297: Standard Test Methods for Rubber Products—Chemical Analysis
ASTM D412: Standard Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers—Tension
ASTM D573: Standard Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air Oven
ASTM D1329: Standard Test Method for Evaluating Rubber Property—Retraction at Lower Temperatures (TR Test)
ASTM D1414: Standard Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings
ASTM D1646: Standard Test Methods for Rubber—Viscosity, Stress Relaxation,
and Pre-Vulcanization Characteristics (Mooney Viscometer)
ASTM D1765: Standard Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
ASTM D2240: Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
ASTM D5289: Standard Test Method for Rubber Property—Vulcanization Using Rotorless Cure Meters

Aerosil is a registered trademark of Evonik Degussa GmbH. Akrochem is a registered trademark of Akrochem Corporation. Albacar is a registered
trademark of Minerals Technologies Inc. or its subsidiaries. Austin Black is a registered trademark of Coal Fillers Incorporated. Bayferrox is a
registered trademark of Bayer AG, Germany. Cab-O-Sil is a registered trademark of Cabot Corporation. Celite is a trademark of Imerys Minerals
California, Inc. Diak is a registered trademark of R.T. Vanderbilt Holding Company, Inc. and/or its respective wholly owned subsidiaries.
Dow Corning is a registered trademark of Dow Corning Corporation. Elastomag is a registered trademark of Martin Marietta Magnesia Specialties,
LLC. General Electric is a trademark of the General Electric Company. HallStar and Maglite are registered trademarks of HallStar Innovations Corp.
Huberbrite is a registered trademark of J.M. Huber Corporation. Mapico is a registered trademark of Huntsman. Min-U-Sil is a registered trademark
of U.S. Silica Company. Mistron is a registered trademark of Imerys Talc America, Inc. Nyad is a registered trademark of NYCO Minerals, Inc.
Stan-tone is a registered trademark of PolyOne Corp. Varox® is a registered trademark of R.T. Vanderbilt Co.

Warranty, Limited Remedy, and Disclaimer: Many factors beyond 3M’s control and uniquely within user’s knowledge and control can affect the use and
performance of a 3M product in a particular application User is solely responsible for evaluating the 3M product and determining whether it is fit for a
particular purpose and suitable for user’s method of application. User is solely responsible for evaluating third party intellectual property rights and for
ensuring that user’s use of 3M product does not violate any third party intellectual property rights. Unless a different warranty is specifically stated in the
applicable product literature or packaging insert, 3M warrants that each 3M product meets the applicable 3M product specification at the time 3M ships
the product. 3M MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF NON-
INFRINGEMENT OR ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OR CONDITION ARISING OUT OF A COURSE OF DEALING, CUSTOM OR USAGE OF TRADE. If the 3M
product does not conform to this warranty, then the sole and exclusive remedy is, at 3M’s option, replacement of the 3M product or refund of the purchase
price.
Limitation of Liability: Except where prohibited by law, 3M will not be liable for any loss or damages arising from the 3M product, whether direct, indirect,
special, incidental or consequential, regardless of the legal theory asserted, including warranty, contract, negligence or strict liability.
Technical Information: Technical information, recommendations, and other statements contained in this document or provided by 3M personnel are based
on tests or experience that 3M believes are reliable, but the accuracy or completeness of such information is not guaranteed. As to such information 3M
makes no warranties or conditions, express or implied, including, but not limited to, any warranty or condition of non-infringement of a third party’s
intellectual property rights or warranty or condition of technical or commercial success. Such information is intended for persons with knowledge and
technical skills sufficient to assess and apply their own informed judgment to the information. No license under any 3M or third party intellectual property
rights is granted or implied with this information.

3M Advanced Materials Division

3M Center
St. Paul, MN 55144 USA Please recycle. Printed in USA © 3M 2017.
Phone 1-800-810-8499 All rights reserved. Issued: 8/17 12853HB 3M and Dyneon are trademarks of 3M Company.
Web www.3M.com/advancedmaterials 98-0504-1324-8 Rev. C Used under license by subsidiaries and affiliates.