Chapter 10: Nursing Care Related To Psychological and Physiologic Changes of Pregnancy
Chapter 10: Nursing Care Related To Psychological and Physiologic Changes of Pregnancy
Chapter 10: Nursing Care Related To Psychological and Physiologic Changes of Pregnancy
Changes of Pregnancy
Nursing Process Overview
Assessment
Evaluate a woman’s overall health status, nutritional intake and lifestyle
Identify any potential problems
Identify a woman’s understanding and expectations of conception, pregnancy, and
parenthood.
Be certain you establish a trusting relationship with a woman
Continue to assess a woman’s health and nutritional status
Nursing Diagnosis
Altered breathing patterns related to respiratory systems changes of pregnancy
Disturbed body image related to weight gain from pregnancy
Deficient knowledge related to normal changes of pregnancy
Imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements, related to early morning nausea
Powerlessness related to unintended pregnancy’
Possible impaired health and prenatal care behaviors associated with cultural beliefs
Outcome Identification and Planning
Plan to review the common concerns women have about being pregnant before
changes occur, so there are no surprise
Implementation
Help women at prenatal visits to voice their concerns about the changes happening to
them so any worry brought on by these changes does not lead to stressful 9 months
Outcome Evaluation
Patient states she is able to continue her usual lifestyle throughout pregnancy
Family members adjusted their lifestyle to accommodate the mother’s pregnancy
Couple states they appreciate physiologic changes even though it cause discomfort and
know these are healthy changes
2. Cultural Influences
Cultural background can influence how active a role she wants to take in her
pregnancy
Support these beliefs because it shows respect for the individuality of a woman and
her knowledge of good health
3. Family Influences
Siblings or parent can affect in the way of how they view a family’s pregnancy
4. Individual Differences
Differences such as how woman’s ability to cope with or adapt to stress, the extent to
which a woman feels secure in her relationship with the people around her, and how
women perceive pregnancy as positive or negative experiences
5. Partner’s Adaptation
Able to form a close relationship with each other
2. Probable Signs
Objective and can be verified by an examiner; more reliable than presumptive
symptoms.
Maternal serum test, Chadwick’s sign, Goodell’s sign, Hegar’s sign, sonographic
evidence of gestational sac, ballottement, Braxton Hicks contraction and fetal outline
felt by examiner.
3. Systemic Changes
a. Endocrine System
Increases to support fetal growth
b. Immune System
Decreases to prevent a woman’s body rejecting fetus; IgG decreased
c. Integumentary System
Abdominal wall stretches; striae gravidum, diastasis, linea nigra and melasma
occurs
d. Respiratory System
Rapid breathing rate (18 to 20) and chronic feeling of shortness of breathe
e. Temperature
Increases slightly
f. Cardiovascular System (pp.219, table 10.6)
Increases, need large amount blood volume
g. Gastrointestinal System
Morning sickness, nausea and vomiting
h. Urinary System (pp. 22, table 10.7)
i. Musculoskeletal System
Calcium and phosphorus increased