DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

DIVISION OF SAN JOSE DEL MONTE CITY

San Ignacio St., Poblacion, City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan 3023
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Mathematics
Quarter III – Module 4
Basic Geometric Constructions
Mathematics - Grade 7
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 - Module 4: Basic Constructions

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 7

Mathematics
Quarter III – Module 4
Basic Geometric Constructions

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

Introductory Message

This Self- Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue
your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and
discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you
discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell
you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or
your teacher's assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module,
you need to answer the post-test to self - check your learning. Answer keys are provided for
each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use
a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions
carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thankyou

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 What I Need to Know

CONTENT STANDARD
The learner will be able to demonstrate an understanding of key concepts of
geometry of shapes and sizes, and geometric relationships.

PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The learners will be able to create models of plane figures and formulate and solve
accurately authentic problems involving sides and angles of a polygon.

LEARNING COMPETENCY:
The learner uses a compass and straightedge to bisect line segments and angles
and construct perpendiculars and parallels.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

1. perform basic constructions in geometry using compass and straightedge; and
2. apply knowledge of basic construction to draw geometric figures.

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 What I Know

Directions: Read each item carefully, then choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following terms is associated in drawing shapes, angles, or lines in an
accurate manner?
A. Construction B. Graphing C. Layout D. Paper-folding
2. Which of the following statements is true about the term BISECT?
A. A line that divides something into two unequal parts.
B. A line that divides something into two equal parts.
C. A line that divides something into three different parts.
D. A line that divides something into four equal parts.

3. To bisect an angle, what is the use of straightedge in Figure 1?

A. Connect point K and vertex M.
B. Connect point A and point R.
C. Connect point A and vertex M
D. Connect point R to point K

4. What must be the first step in constructing a congruent segment?

A. Draw an arbitrary angle with the center of the given angle.
B. Fix the compass opening to match the length of the given segment.
C. Mark on the line to the given point and the distance of the given segment.
D. Use the straightedge to draw a line and indicate a given point on the line.

5. Which of the following constructions is shown on figure 2?

A. An angle congruent to a given angle.
B. Midpoint and perpendicular bisector of segment
C. Perpendicular to a given line through a given point on the line
D. Segment congruent to a given segment.

6. Which statement is true about Figure 3?

1
A. m∠DEG = m∠FEG
2
B. m∠DEG = m∠FEG
1
C. m∠FEG = m∠DEG
2
D. m∠DEG = m∠DEF

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7. Martin wants to construct an angle bisector using compass and straightedge, which of
the following is the correct illustration of his works?

A. C.

B. D.

8. Which of the following diagrams shows the construction of the perpendicular bisector
of ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵?

A. C.

B. D.

9. When copying ̅̅̅̅

𝐿𝑅 using a straightedge and compass, the first step is to ___________.

A. Draw an arc above point L using compass

B. Draw an arc above the segment using compass
C. Measure the length of a segment using compass
D. Measure half the length of line segment LR using compass

10. Which of the following best describes Figure 6?

A. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
AP bisects ∠MAP
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ bisects ∠MNA
B. AP
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ bisects ∠NMA
C. AP
D. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
AP bisects ∠MAN

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 What’s In

Mathematics is not only about improving your computational skills. Drawing and
sketching figures are also vital skills, especially in Geometry. These are essential in
constructing objects, shapes, and figures.

Activity 1: Figure It Out!

Direction: Draw an example of the following and name it.
1. Point _____________________
2. Ray ______________________
3. Segment __________________
4. Line ______________________

What’s New

I know that you used a straightedge (ruler) in answering the previous activity. Let us
use straightedge more by answering the activity below.

Activity 2: Welcome to Adventure Map!

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 Using any straightedge and the scale above the map, identify the distance between
the following islands on the Mathematics Map by connecting the stars .

1. Airplane to Euclid Island.

2. Pascal Island and Descartes Island.
3. Euclid Island to Pythagoras Island.
4. Pythagoras Island and Pascal Island.
5. Hipparchus Island going to Euclid Island.

Good job! In this lesson we will be learning more ways on how we can use a
straightedge!

What Is It

In this module, you will learn the

fundamental geometric constructions using
straightedge and compass. The goal of this is to
expose you in some terms of geometry like
bisector and perpendicular. Also, familiarity with
instruments - compass and straightedge in basic
geometric construction.
Constructions using compass and
straightedge have a long history in Euclidean
geometry. Their utilization mirrors the
fundamental axioms of this system.

Let us first define the following terms below:

Definitions of Terms:
Term Figure

a. Bisector is a line that divides

something into two equal parts.

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 b. Perpendicular Bisector a line
perpendicular to another line that
divides the original line into two
congruent parts.

c. Compass is an instrument for

drawing circles and arcs and
measuring distances between
points, consisting of two arms linked
by a movable joint, one arm ending
in a point and the other usually
carrying a pencil or pen.

d. Straightedge is a ruler (with or

without units) used to guide in
making a straight line or figure.

Basic Geometric Constructions

In Geometry the word “construction” means to draw geometric figures accurately.

These constructions use a compass, straightedge (i.e. ruler), and a pencil. This is the “pure”
form of geometric construction; no computation is involved. The imprints showed in the ruler
may not be utilize as measurement.

Basic Geometric Construction 1: Construct a segment congruent to a given segment.

Given: Line segment DE:

Construct line segment MN congruent to DE.

Step 1

Use the straightedge to draw a line and

indicate a point M on the line.
M

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 Step 2

Fix compass opening to match the length of

DE

D E

Step 3

Mark on the line the point N with distance DE

from M.

M N

Basic Geometric Construction 2: Construction of an angle congruent to a given angle.

Given: ∠B
Construct: ∠B’ congruent to ∠B

Step 1

Draw an arbitrary arc with center B of

the given angle, then with the same
compass setting redraw the arc with
center B’.

Step 2

Measure the arc between the sides of

the original angle, then mark off this
measure on the arc with center B’.

Step 3

Join the mark to B’

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Basic Geometric Construction 3: Construction of angle bisector.
Given: ∠B

Construct angle bisector of ∠CBD

Step 1

Locate points C and D one on each

side of ∠B so that BC = BD. This can be
done by drawing an arc of a circle with
center at B.

Step 2

Draw an arc with center B of any radius.

Step 3

Draw an arc with center C of any

radius greater than half of CD. Repeat this
with center D using the same radius. Note,
that you have to make sure the two arcs
cross.

Step 4

Join B to the point where the arc cross.

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 Basic Geometric Construction 4: Construction of the midpoint and perpendicular
bisector of a segment.

Given: ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸

Construct the midpoint X of MN and perpendicular bisector of DE.

Step 1

Using center D and radius r which is

more than half of DE, draw two arcs on both
sides of DE. Mark the intersection of the
arcs as M and N.

Step 2 M
Connect M and N using a
straightedge forming Line MN that intersects
DE at Point X D X E
N

Step 3
M
Line MN is the perpendicular bisector of DE
and the intersection of MN with DE is the
midpoint (X) of DE. D X E
N

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Basic Geometric Construction 5: Construction of a perpendicular to a given line
through a given point on the line.
Given: Line m and point N on m

Construct a line through N perpendicular to m.

Step 1

Using center P and any radius, locate m

two points, S and T, on the circle which is S T
P
on Line m.

Step 2

Using center S and T , draw a radius

which is more than half of ST, draw two arcs
on both sides of ST above P. Mark the
intersection of the arcs as L and N.

Step 3

Connect L and N using a straightedge L

forming Line LN that intersects line m at m
Point P.
S P T
N

Step 4
The perpendicular bisector of ST is the
perpendicular to m that passes through P.

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 Since SP and PT are equal, P is the midpoint of ST. Subsequently, the perpendicular
bisector of ST contains P and is perpendicular to Line m.

Basic Geometric Construction 6: Construct a parallel to a given line through a point,

not on that line.

Given: Point N and line l

Construct parallel line through point not on that line.

Step 1
Draw any line through N that
meets the given line.

Step 2
Perform construction on copying
an angle using angle at S on the
other side of the line just drawn
with vertex N.

Step 3 N
N
Extend the side of the new angle
through N, giving the desired
parallel.
S

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 What’s More

Activity 3: Figure It Out

Direction: Construct a diagram based on the given statements from basic constructions of
angle, different lines, and segments.
a. The perpendicular bisector of JK is
the perpendicular to f that passes
through P. ____________________
b. Draw an arc with center Y of any
radius greater than half of YZ.
Repeat this with center Z using the
same radius. Note, that you have to
make sure the two arcs cross.
____________________
c. Use the straightedge to draw a line
and indicate a point A on the line.
_____________________
d. Extend the side of the new angle
through P, giving the desired parallel.
_____________________
e. Draw an arbitrary arc with center G of
the given angle, then with the same
compass setting redraw the arc with
center G’. ____________________

What I Have Learned

You are doing a great job! Just keep going. Let us check your understanding on basic
geometric construction involving bisector of an angle, line segment, perpendicular bisector
and parallel. Answer the following question. Write your answer in your activity notebook.

1. What are the steps in constructing a line segment?

Step 1:_____________________________________________________
Step 2:_____________________________________________________
Step 3:_____________________________________________________
2. What are the steps in constructing perpendicular bisector?
Step 1: _____________________________________________________
Step 2: _____________________________________________________
Step 3: _____________________________________________________
Step 4: _____________________________________________________
3. What are your challenges encountered during the given activity?
___________________________________________________________

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 4. Do you think basic construction is needed in forming a figure? Yes or No?
Explain your answer.
___________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Activity 4: Try this!

Now that you know the steps on basic construction let us try to apply it.
Directions: On a separate sheet of paper make an exact copy of ‘house’ figure below. Use
straightedge and compass.

Rubrics on completing the task

4 3 2 1
Completed the Completed the The task is
given task given task partially
using the using the completed due The task is
Score correct steps correct steps to the undone due to
Description of geometric of geometric presence of 1 incorrect steps
constructions constructions incorrect step in geometric
and all the but some of in geometric constructions.
markings are the markings constructions
clearly done. are not clearly
done.

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 Assessment

Directions: Read each item carefully, then choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which tool is used in constructing bisector of an angle?
A. Clinometer B. Protractor C. Ruler D. Weighing Scale
2. Which of the following terms refers as a line that divides something into two equal
parts?
A. Angle B. Bisector C. Line segment D. Parallel
3. Which tool is used in marking an arc?
A. Clinometer B. Compass C. Protractor D. Ruler

4. What should be the use of a compass in bisecting ∠MLN in Figure 1?

A. Drawing
B. Lining
C. Marking
D. Pointing

5. What basic construction is shown in Figure 2?

A. Constructing of an angle congruent to a given angle.

B. Constructing a midpoint and perpendicular bisector of a segment.
C. Constructing a parallel to a given line through a given point not on a line
D. Constructing a segment congruent to a given segment.

6. Which of the following steps in constructing perpendicular to a given line through a

given point not on a line must be the first step?
A. Drawing a line through given point that meet the given line.
B. Extending the side of a new angle through a point.
C. Following directions for bisecting the line segment.
D. Setting a compass to any radius and draw an arc.

7. What should be the first step Marco should do to copy ̅̅̅̅

𝑂𝑃 ?
A. Draw an arc above the line using straightedge.
B. Draw an arc above point O using a compass.
C. Measure the length of ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑃 using a compass.
D. Measure half the length of line segment ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑃 .

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8. Which of the following best describes Figure 4?

A. ⃗⃗⃗
JU is parallel to ray point E.
⃗⃗⃗ is parallel to JL
B. JU ⃗⃗⃗ .
⃗⃗⃗ is parallel to ray JE
C. JU ⃗⃗⃗ .
⃗⃗⃗ bisects angle ∠EJL.
D. JU

9. Suppose you are going to construct a perpendicular bisector of segment ̅̅̅̅

𝑋𝑍 in Figure
5. We can correctly begin by placing the compass point on X and marking off the
distance to which point?
Figure 5

A. Point M B. Point O C. Point P D. Point X

10. Which statement below is demonstrated in Figure 6?

Figure 6

A. If a line is parallel to a line that is perpendicular to a 3rd line, then the line is also
perpendicular to the third line.
B. The set of points equally distant from the endpoints of a line segment is the
perpendicular bisector of the segment.
C. Two lines are perpendicular if they are equidistant from a given point.
D. Two lines are perpendicular if they intersect to create a vertical line.

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 Additional Activities

Activity 5: Construction Time

Directions: Draw the following construction. Use a compass and straightedge in doing
your construction.
1. Angle Bisector
Given: ∠F
Construct angle bisector of ∠EFG

2. Perpendicular Bisector of a segment

̅̅̅̅
Given: 𝑈𝑉
Construct Perpendicular bisector of segment ̅̅̅̅
𝑈𝑉

Rubrics on completing the task

4 3 2 1
Completed the Completed the The task is
given task given task partially
using the using the completed due The task is
Score correct steps correct steps to the undone due to
Description of geometric of geometric presence of 1 incorrect steps
constructions constructions incorrect step in geometric
and all the but some of in geometric constructions.
markings are the markings constructions
clearly done. are not clearly
done.

16
 17
What’s In What I can do
What I Know
- Answers may Answer must be the
1. A
2. B varies. same with the given figure.
3. A
4. D What’s New
What I have learned
5. B
1. 8km
6. B 1. Refer to the steps
2. 10km
7. D of constructing a
3. 8km
8. A congruent
4. 6km
9. C segment.
5. 12km
10. D
What’s More 2. Refer to the steps
of constructing
Answers may perpendicular
vary
bisector.
What I can do
3-4. Answers may vary.
Answer must
Assessment
be the same with the
given figure. 1. C
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. C
6. A
7. C
8. D
9. C
10. B
Additional activities
Answers may varies
Answer Key
References
Book:
Quan, Madilo, Fulgencio, Anastacio, Abao, and Coralejo, Ed.D..K to 12 Conceptual
Math&Beyond 7. K to 12 Ed. Quezon City: Brilliant Creations Publishing, Inc.
Website:
“Basic Geometric Construction.” Colegiometry 2015. Accessed January 9, 2021.
https://colegiomonterrey.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/BASIC-GEOMETRIC-
C5.pdf.

“Chapter 4: Geometric Constructions and Modeling basics.” www.ceet.niu.edu, Accessed

January 9, 2021. http://www.ceet.niu.edu/faculty/kim/mee270/mee270-ch4.pdf.

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 This material was contextualized and localized by the
Learning Resource Management and Development Section (LRMDS)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SAN JOSE DEL MONTE

MERLINA P. CRUZ PhD, CESO VI

Officer-in-Charge
Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

ERICSON S. SABACAN EdD, CESO VI

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

ROLANDO T. SOTELO DEM

Chief Education Supervisor
Curriculum Implementation Division

ANNALYN L. GERMAN EdD

Education Program Supervisor, LRMS

MA. CORAZON P. LOJA

Education Program Supervisor, Mathematics

MARK ANTHONY M. SIOCO / JULIUS S. VILLANUEVA

Kakawate National High School
Writers
JULIUS S. VILLANUEVA
Kakawate National High School
Illustrator

REMIE ANNE B. CABUGAYAN

Kakawate National High School
Language Editor

MARVIN G. COMAYAS
Kakawate National High School
Layout Artist

KHARLYN P. BANZON
Sapang Palay National High School
Cover Art Designer

ROSITA C. FALIBLE
Minuyan National High School
Content Editor

MICHAEL B. ZAMORA
Sapang Palay National High School
Lay-out Evaluator
 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of San Jose Del Monte City –

Learning Resource Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

San Ignacio Street, Poblacion, City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

Email Address: [email protected]