01a Calgary Cambridge Framework - Basic

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THE ENHANCED CALGARY-CAMBRIDGE GUIDE TO THE MEDICAL INTERVIEW

Kurtz SM, Silverman JD, Benson J and Draper J (2003) Marrying Content and Process in Clinical Method Teaching: Enhancing the Calgary-Cambridge Guides
Academic Medicine In press

THE BASIC FRAMEWORK

Initiating the Session

Gathering information

Providing Building the


Structure relationship

Physical Examination

Explanation and planning

Closing the Session


THE EXPANDED FRAMEWORK

Initiating the Session

• preparation
• establishing initial rapport
• identifying the reason(s) for the consultation

Gathering information

Providing • exploration of the patient’s problems to discover the: Building the


Structure o biomedical perspective o the patient’s perspective relationship

• making o background information - context • using


organisation appropriate
overt non-verbal
Physical examination
behaviour
• attending to
flow • developing
rapport
Explanation and planning
• involving
• providing the correct amount and type of information
the patient
• aiding accurate recall and understanding
• achieving a shared understanding: incorporating the patient’s
illness framework
• planning: shared decision making

Closing the Session


• ensuring appropriate point of closure
• forward planning
AN EXAMPLE OF THE INTER-RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONTENT AND PROCESS
Gathering Information
Process Skills for Exploration of the Patient’s Problems
- patient’s narrative
- question style: open to closed cone
- attentive listening
- facilitative response
- picking up cues
- clarification
- time-framing
- internal summary
- appropriate use of language
- additional skills for understanding patient’s perspective

Content to Be Discovered

the bio-medical perspective (disease) the patient’s perspective (illness)


sequence of events ideas and beliefs
symptom analysis concerns
relevant systems review expectations
effects on life
feelings

background information - context


past medical history
drug and allergy history
family history
personal and social history
review of systems

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