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    Ushst Autopilot-Sas Hse-70 31mar21

    Uploaded by

    Pablo Sánchez

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    Ushst Autopilot-Sas Hse-70 31mar21

    Uploaded by

    Pablo Sánchez
    55 views8 pages

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    Ushst Autopilot-sas Hse-70 31mar21

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    55 views8 pages

    Ushst Autopilot-Sas Hse-70 31mar21

    Uploaded by

    Pablo Sánchez

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 8

    USHST All Hands Webinar

    March 31, 2021


    HSE-70-3

    Presented by:
    Tony Randall
    Erik Oltheten

    1
    Context p.2

    USHST Accident Data 2009-2014:


    50% of fatal helicopter accidents are from 3 causes
    • Loss-of-Control In-Flight
    • Inadvertent IMC
    • Low-Level Ops

     Prevent LOC
    THIS DISCUSSION  Shift culture
    Promote
    Promote IFR Capability in from low-level
    Stability Augmentation Light Helicopters Wx avoidance
    & Autopilots in Light  Provide ability
    HAI / AEA / GAMA / VFS
    Helicopters white paper (2015) to better survive
    (2021)
    unintended IMC
    Providing Stability – Key ingredient p.3

    Lift
    Gyroscopic Effects
    when making
    Lift Airplane naturally More Lift from control inputs
    returns to straight advancing blade Lift
    Lift
    and level (tendency to roll)

    Easily enhanced by
    Aerodynamic trim tabs Aircraft pitch follows
    on control surfaces Tail wants to rotor pitch (tends to
    wag with continue pitching)
    power changes
    Weight
    Limited ability to stabilize mechanically
    Naturally Stable
    Naturally Unstable
    Stability improves
    ability to deal with
    distractions, momentary
    disorientation, and
    reduced visibility
    situations
    Function and Capability p.4

    • Force Trim
    • SAS - Attitude Hold Bulk of LOC-I safety improvement
    • Basic Coupled Modes (Value often requires additional features)

    • HDG, ASPD, ALT, VS


    • Advanced Modes (typically found in IFR / Specialized)
    • NAV (GPS/VOR), APPR (ILS/LPV), GA, HOLD, Approach to Hover)
    • Safety Enhance Modes
    • Envelope protection
    • Auto-level / Save me attitude recovery
    • Hover Assist
    • Automatic Hover Departure
    • Autorotation Assistance
    • Integration with safety systems (TAWS / TCAS)
    • Auto-Land (incapacitated pilot)
    Certification Environment p.5

    REGULATION Pending Rule Revision Performance Based


    14CFR 27.1309 (approved but on hold) Standards
    Will Remove need for Special Condition Similar to Part 23
    to certify VFR Autopilots re-write

    POLICY

    NORSEE
    (PS-AIR-21.8-1602) VFR Certifications
    Reduces Cert Requirements for Non-
    Required Safety Enhancing Equipment
    (2016)
    SAFETY CONTINUUM
    (PS-ASW-27-15)
    Creates 4 Classes within Part 27
    Sliding Scale of Requirements
    (2017) HIRF and Lx Policy
    Similar to PS-ACE-23-10
    (FAA has accepted MOC
    issue papers on alternate methods)
    IFR Certifications
    (2019)
    Currently Available (at time of White Paper)
    p.6

    OEM: 3rd Party Solutions:


    • Bell: 407GXi VFR / IFR 3-axis (Bell AP)
    • Genesys: HeliSAS 2-axis and 3-axis
    407GX VFR 2-axis (Bell AP)
    autopilot available in multiple aircraft
    505 (Genesys 2-axis)
    • Thales: Compact Autopilot System
    • Leonardo: TH-119 IFR 3-axis
    (CAPS)
    (Honeywell AP / Genesys integration)
    • Garmin: GFC-600H—recently certified
    • Robinson: R44/R66 new
    in the H125
    R44 field retrofit kits
    (Genesys AP w. Robinson-Specific features)*
    • SAFRAN: Formerly SFIM helicopter
    • Airbus: AFCS
    (Partnered with 3rd party solutions)

    * Currently VFR – IFR variant in work


    Technology / Terminology p.7

    • MEMS AHRS (micro-electromechanical system)


    • Has greatly reduced cost of sensors Control
    Stick

    • Force Trim
    • Spring & clutch vs Geared EMF
    • Series/Parallel vs Parallel only
    Pushes or pulls
    • Series  Hands-on SAS & perf. benefit on control
    Control
    Position
    Electric Sensor Adds or subtracts
    • Parallel only  cost/ installation ease release control input

    (Pilot feels AP input as pressure when hands-on) clutch

    • 2-axis (pitch & roll)


    Parallel
    Actuator Motor Series Actuator
    (Optional)

    • 3-axis (yaw)
    • Yaw damp in power changes
    SAS/Autopilot
    • Turn coordination Attitude, rates,
    Accelerations
    Flight Control
    • Heading at low speed Airspeed & Alt
    Computer (FCC)

    • 4-th axis (collective) Navigation Systems


    • Airspeed control in precision approach
    • Allows advanced features
    END
    Questions?

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