NanoVNA

Very tiny handheld Vector Network Analyzer

User Guide

gen111.taobao.com

2019-05-27
Overview：
we designed NanoVNA based on edy555 (https://twitter.com/edy555), but modified
some circuits, added battery management circuits, and redesigned the PCB. The
PC control software can export Touchstone (snp) files which can be used for
various radio design and simulation software. The improved frequency algorithm
can use the odd harmonic extension of si5351 to support the measurement
frequency up to 900MHz. The metal shield is designed to reduce the external
interference and improve the measurement accuracy. The 50k-300MHz frequency
range of the si5351 direct output provides better than 70dB dynamic. The
extended 300M-600MHz band provides better than 50dB of dynamics, and the
600M-900M band is better than 40dB of dynamics. is very tiny handheld Vector
Network Analyzer (VNA). It is standalone with lcd display, portable device with
battery. This project aim to provide an RF gadget but useful instrument for
enthusiast.
DIY's vector network analyzer, with reference to the related design of, Designed
with simple and practical PC control software, you can export Touchstone (snp)
files for various radio design and simulation software through PC software.
NanoVNA is an open source hardware project, everyone can be free to clone and
DIY, but we hope you can do more understanding before you do it, there are
some customers reflected that they have bought the low quality nanoVNA from
other sources.We have found some low quality clones on the Internet which
claimed have completed the project. Buying such hardware may be harm on
NanoVNA performance, or leading to measurement error.
We will continue to provide updates and technical support services for NanoVNA
within 3 years after purchase. You can get the latest detail of products and
software updates from the Web Store: gen111.taobao.com.

We provide 3 firmware on the network hard drive, you can choose the
appropriate brush in accordance with the relevant tutorials, 3 firmware
differences are as follows:
nanoVNA_300_ch： 50K-300MHz，5*7 Bitmap font，4 tracks
nanoVNA_900_ch：50K-900MHz，5*7 Bitmap font，4 tracks(Default)
nanoVNA_900_aa：50K-900MHz，7*13 Bitmap font，2 tracks (Antenna Analyzer)
Front panel

You can use the USB interface to connect to computer communications or

connect standard 5V charger charging.
When charging the battery indicates that the battery LED flashes in charge, the
constant light indicates full. When discharging the battery LED constant light
indicates normal discharge, LED flicker indicates low power, please connect the
charger in time to charge.
Toggle the power switch can switch the machine, the battery indicates that the
Led needs to be turned off after 40 seconds of shutdown.
The system LED light and dark changes when the system is properly scanned. You
can move the mark Point or perform a menu operation via the multifunctional
switch, use the touchscreen operation directly also.
Main interface
Basic operations：
1. Set the frequency range (STIMULUS>START/STOP or CENTER/SPAN)
2. Calibration (CAL)
3. Select display format and channel (DISPLAY)
4. Save(SAVE)
You can change the display format and channel selection at any time. In the
normal test mode, tap the right area of the screen or press the multifunctional
switch to call up the menu. Tap the screen or turn the multifunctional switch to
select a menu item.

The initial state of NanoVNA (no data is stored in 0)

Scan range: 50KHz ~ 900MHz
Track 1: LOGMAG CH0 (reflection)
Track 2: SMITH CH0 (reflection)
Track 3: LOGMAG CH1 (pass)
Track 4: CH1 stage (pass)
Mark 1: Activated
Uncalibrated.

We will test before shipment and connect directly to the SMA port for
calibration, the calibration data is stored in state 0, and the boot will load the
status 0 data directly.

Calibration and Normalization:

The VNA Master is a field portable unit operating in the rigors of the test
environment. In order to ensure measurement accuracy, RF calibration (OSLT)
must be performed prior to making a measurement in the field. Calibrating with
the specified mechanical calibration requires three loads, open, short, and
match(load). Calibration data is saved as user calibration data. It can be saved to
status 0 and can be automatically loaded at the next boot， It can be also saved
to status 1-4 and can be loaded via the RECALL menu.
Click the CAL→CALIBRATE menu to open the calibration interface, then connect
open, short and load three loads in turn, wait for the screen to stabilize and click
on the menu corresponding to calibrate CH 0. The machine is accompanied by a
calibration piece, for the public head calibration parts inside the needle copper is
short-circuited, the interior with a needle white plastic and stainless steel shell
connected to the (LOAD) 50 ohm load, the internal empty for the open. For the
head calibrator, the back uses solder short circuit for short, welding two 100 ohms
resistor for 50 ohm load, open circuit for open.
Isolation calibration of CH 1 requires two load loads to connect CH 0 and CH 1,
respectively, to obtain the best isolation, usually with only one set of calibration
loads for port 0, and to connect the load Calibrator to CH 1, CH 0 to remain
open, and then press the ISOLN menu to calibrate.
Connect the ch0 and ch1 of the analyzer with an optional Through Adapter, and
then press the ISOLN menu to calibrate. The normalization operation moves the
measurement reference plane to both ends of the Through Adapter. This function
is only available when the measurement item is S21.
After the calibration is complete, press the Done button, eject the Save screen to
select the required status to save. Once the calibration is complete, the three
calibrators can be connected to port 0 again, and the correct calibration should
be based on the SMITH chart, which should be: when connected to open, the
curves should be concentrated on the far right of the SMITH chart, and when
connecting short, the curves should be concentrated on the leftmost side of the
SMITH chart, When connecting LOAD, the curves should all be concentrated in
the middle of the SMITH chart. Using RF cables to connect Port 0 and port 1, view
S21 curve errors should not exceed 0.5dB. If calibration data abnormalities are
found, they should be re-calibrated.

Note: If the calibrated status recalibration requires first in the calibration menu
press Reset to clear the calibration data and then recalibrate!

If the calibration has been applied, CAL status is displayed.

It is hidden in a state that has not been applied. C * is the state in which the
unsaved calibration value is applied (it disappears when the power is turned off).
C0 ~ C4 0 to 4 indicates that a saved calibration value has been applied to one of
the save locations.
SAVE Unsaved
It changes to this state when saving by an operation. Each of the characters shown
below C indicates that the following error terms are applied:
D: Directivity, R: Reflection Tracking, S: Source Match, T: Transmission Tracking, X:
Isolation

Select the display trace and display format:

The DISPLAY→TRACE item of the menu can choose to turn the corresponding
display curve on or off, showing that the curve color is consistent with the color
of the interface curve, and the display curve of the final operation is the active
tracking curve, when the menu FORMAT, the SCALE,CHANNEL operation is valid
for the display curve.
The display type can be modified by the DISPLAY→FORMAT of the menu,
DISPLAY→SCALE can adjust the scale, DISPLAY→CHANNEL can select the
measured port.
Setting the frequency range：
The frequency range of a channel can be expressed by three groups of parameters:
Start Frequency, Center Frequency and Stop Frequency. If any of the parameters
change, the others will be adjusted automatically in order to ensure the coupling
relationship among them
fcenter =(fstart +fstop )/2
fspan= fstop- fstart

Where fspan is the span.

Set the center frequency point of the current screen through the
STIMULUS→CENTER of the menu, and display the values of the center frequency
and sweep span, respectively, to the left and right of the bottom of the grid. In
the lower-right corner of the pop-up Settings value screen, click to eject the
soft keyboard and enter the frequency value via the soft keyboard.
Please pay attention to the following points:
The start and stop frequencies will vary with changes to the center frequency
when the span is constant.
In Zero Span, the start frequency, stop frequency and center frequency are always
set to the same value. Now, you can use port 0 as a signal source for a fixed output
amplitude, but it is important to note that this machine uses the clock signal
generator S5351 as the signal source, the output signal is square wave, contains
a larger odd harmonic.

Set the frequency range through the STIMULUS→SPAN of the menu, display the
center frequency and sweep span values on the left and right sides of the grid,
and click on the lower right corner of the pop-up settings value screen to eject
the soft keyboard and enter the frequency values through the soft keyboard.
Please pay attention to the following points:
The start and stop frequency vary with the span when the center frequency is
constant.
When the span is set to the maximum, the analyzer enters full span mode.
In Zero Span, the start frequency, stop frequency and center frequency are always
set to the same value.

Set the start frequency through the STIMULUS→START of the menu and display
the start frequency and stop frequency values on the left and right sides of the
grid, respectively. Click on the bottom right corner of the pop-up settings screen
to eject the soft keyboard and enter the frequency value through the soft
keyboard.
Please pay attention to the following points:
The span and center frequency vary with the start frequency when the Span
does not reach the minimum (The parameters vary with the span, please refer to
 “Span”);
In Zero Span, the start frequency, stop frequency and center frequency are
always the same value.

Set the stop frequency through the STIMULUS→STOP of the menu, and display
the start frequency and stop frequency values on the left and right sides of the
grid, respectively, in the lower right corner of the pop-up Settings screen, click
to eject the soft keyboard and enter the frequency value through the soft
keyboard. Please pay attention to the following points:
The span and center frequency vary with the stop frequency. The change of the
span will affect other system parameters. For more details, please refer to
“Span”.
In Zero Span, the start frequency, stop frequency and center frequency are always
the same value.

Menu items:
DISPLAY
○ TRACE
■ 0
■ 1
■ 2
■ 3
○ FORMAT
■ LOGMAG
■ PHASE
■ DELAY (Not implemented, computer software provides Group delay functionality)
■ SMITH
■ SWR
■ MORE）
■ POLAR
■ LINEAR
○ SCALE
■ SCALE/DIV
■ REFERENCE POSITION
■ ELECTRICAL DELAY
○ CHANNEL
■ CH0 REFLECT
■ CH1 THROUGH
● MARKER
 ○ SELECT
■ 1
■ 2
■ 3
■ 4
○ MARKER→START
○ MARKER→STOP
○ MARKER→CENTER
○ MARKER→SPAN (Not implemented,)
● STIMULUS
○ STAR
○ STOP
○ CENTER
○ SPAN
○ CW FREQ（
● CAL
○ CALIBRATE
■ OPEN
■ SHORT
■ LOAD
■ ISOLN
■ THRU
■ DONE
■ SAVE
○ RESET
○ CORRECTION
● RECALL/SAVE
○ 0 (Default)
○ 1
○ 2
○ 3
○ 4
● CLOSE
Basic performance:
● PCB: 54mm x 85.5mm x 11mm (without connectors, switches)
● Measurement frequency: 50KHz -900MHz
● RF output: -13dbm (maximum -9dbm)
● Measurement range: 70dB (50kHz-300MHz), 50dB (300M-600MHz), 40dB
(600M-900MHz));
● Port SWR: < 1.1
● Display: 2.8 inch TFT (320 x240)
● USB interface: USB type-C communication mode: CDC (serial)
● Power: USB 5V 120mA, built-in 400mAh battery, maximum charging current
0.8A
● Number of scanning points: 101 (fixed)
● Display Tracking: 4, Marking: 4, Setting Save: 5
●Frequency error:<0.5ppm

Block diagram：
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

U10
C46 U2 C47 C49 TFT_2.8_SPI_18p
10uF IP5303 22uF 10uF D2
SD103AWS GND
1 8 U4 BATLED2 GND
VIN VOUT LCD_RESET RESET
2 7 L1 2.2uH VDD STM32F072CBT6 KT-0603R RESET
D1 SW BAT SPI_SCLK SCK
3 6 SCK
NC/BAT BAT 24 VDD1 VBAT 1 LCD_CD D/C
4 5 D/C
D2 KEY 36 VDD2 LCD_CS CS
A 9 R3 1K CS A
C45 EPAD C1
C5 C6 C7 C8 48 VDD3 PC13 2 SPI_MOSI SDI
U1 100nF
100nF
100nF
100nF 9 P1 SDI(MOSI)
10uF 10uF 2.54mm 1*2P VDDA PC14 3 SPI_MISO SDO
R2 4 RE-H022TD-1190 (LF)(SN) SDO(MISO)
PC15 VDD GND2
USB_TYPE-C-31-M-12 1K 2 BAT 23 MCLK 1 GND2
VSS1 OSC_I 5 1 VCC3.3V
1 35 2 VDD VCC
SW2 VSS2 R6 2 R4 10 LED
LED
OSC_O 6 NRST
R40 47 VSS3 NRST 7 10K
GND3
B8 K1-1502SA 8 44 GND3

GND 3
GND 1
SBU2 2
VSSA Boot0 GND4
A5 LED1 2 GND4
CC1 GND A1B12 GND5
B7 KT-0603R 10 18 X- GND5
DN2 PA0 PB0 VDD GND6
A6 C T 11 19 Y- GND6
DP1 GND B1A12 PA1 PB1 X+ XP
USB_DM R5 12 20 SD_GP1 XP
PA2 PB2 Y+ YN
USB_DP A7 10K
1 13 39 SPI_SCLK YN
DN1 VBUS B4A9 PA3 PB3 X- XN
B6 SK-12D02-VG3 14 40 SPI_MISO XN
DP2 PA4 PB4 Y- YP
A8 SW1 DAC_FC 15 41 SPI_MOSI YP
SBU1 VBUS A4B9 U3 PA5 PB5 R7 R8
X+ 16 42 LCD_CS

4
3
2
1
5
B5 CC2
+5V XC6206P332MR VDD PA6 PB6 3.9K
3.9K

Y+ 17 43 LCD_CD
PA7 PB7
Vout 2 29 45 SCL
PA8 PB8
30 46 SDA

4 GND
2 GND
3 Vin PA9 PB9 SD_GP2
31 PA10 PB10 21
USB_DM 32 22 SD_CS
B GND 1
C4 USB_DP PA11 PB11 I2S_WCLK B
1uF 33 PA12 PB12 25
C3 TMS 34 26 I2S_BCLK
1uF TCK PA13 PB13
37 PA14 PB14 27
LCD_RESET 38 28 I2S_DOUT VDD
PA15 PB15 P2
77311-462K05LF
1
NRST 1
2
2
3
TCK 3
4
TMS 4
5
5

VDD
U5
Si5351A-B-GT R26
300

Y1 2 XA C11 100nF
26MHz CLK0 10
3 XB CLK1 9 MCLK C12 100nF
C 1 4 CLK2 6 C
AFC/GND VCC SCL R27 U9
2 3 4 SCL 300

GND OUT SDA TLV320AIC3204IRHBR
5 SDA

1 VDD
VDD 24 AVDD 18
REF
7 VDDO GND 8 R28 29 DVDD LOL 22
300
6 OVIDD 23
LOR C37
C9 C10 HPR 27 100nF
MCLK 1 MCLK/1 25
100nF100nF
I2S_BCLK HPL
C34 C35 C36 2 BCLK MICBIAS 19
100nF100nF100nF I2S_WCLK 3 WCLK 5 I2S_DOUT
DOUTMFP2
MISOMFP4 11
8 SCLKMFP3
+5V 26 LDOIN
C39 100nF
R13 I2S_DIN 4
150
4.7uH SCL 9 DINMFP1
C40 100pF L3 R29
300
SDA 10 SCLSSZ
C19 100nF SDAMOSI
U6 12
D R14 R16 SA612AD SPI/SELECT D
13

6
7
8
56
470
IN1/L
14 IN1/R
R10 R11 C13 100nF OSC 15 IN2/L
49.9
49.9
1 IN-A R32 15K
C22 100nF 16
OUT-A 4 IN2/R
TX 20 IN3/L
SMA-K R9 R17 2 IN-B OUT-B 5 R33 15K
C23 100nF 21 IN3/R
82
27

C14 100nF R38

3
10K
30 LDO/SELECT
31 RESET
C28 C29 32 GPIOMFP5/32
+5V 1nF 1nF
C41 100nF R30
R12 300
33 EP
49.9
C20 100nF
C42 100pF L4 4.7uH U7
SA612AD 7 IOVSS

6
7
8
R18 17 AVSS
390
28 DVSS
C15 100nF OSC
1 IN-A OUT-A 4 R34 15K
C24 100nF
R19
390

C16 100nF 2 IN-B OUT-B 5 R35 15K
C25 100nF S9 S10
E ICSRC6508_
1 ICSRC6508_
 E
1 1 1

3
S8 S4
R20 R21 C30 C31 ICSRC6508_
 ICSRC6508_

49.9
49.9
R31 1nF 1nF 1 1 1 1
300
S7 S3
C21 100nF ICSRC6508_
 ICSRC6508_

U8 1 1 1 1
SA612AD S6 S2
RX ICSRC6508_
 ICSRC6508_


6
7
8
SMA-K R22 1 1 1 1
39
S5 S1
C17 100nF OSC
ICSRC6508_
 ICSRC6508_

1 IN-A OUT-A 4 R36 15K
C26 100nF 1 1 1 1

R24 R25 2 IN-B R37 15K
C27 100nF

100
R23 22
OUT-B 5
39

C18 100nF
3

C32 C33
1nF 1nF
+5V
C43 100nF TITLE:
L5 4.7uH nanoVNA REV: 3.0
C44 100pF

Date: 2019-05-24 Sheet: 1/1

EASYEDA V5.4.12 Drawn By: hugen79
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