CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.0 Introduction
This Chapter consists of background of the study, followed by, Problem statements,
purpose of the study, Objectives of study, Research Questions, Scope of the study,
Significance of the study and Organizational project.

1.1 Background of the study

Background Online Examination System is a system through which many educational
institutions and all users can benefit from. Many institutions use various paper materials
and pens to process the manual examination. But in this system, it provides the student
information, questionnaires, and answers and automatically computes the scores. It is
conducted through the website which improves accessibility for remote candidates.
Candidate is given a limited time to answer the questions and after the time expiry the
answer paper is disabled automatically and answers is sent to the examiner. The
examiner will evaluate answers, either through automated process or manually and the
results will be sent to the candidate. Today many organizations conducts online
examinations worldwide successfully and issue results online. There are advantages and
disadvantages in online examinations. The advantage is that it can be conducted for
remote candidates and evaluation of answers can be fully automated for multiple
choice. Questions can be evaluated manually or through automated system, depending
on the nature of the questions and the requirements. The disadvantage is there is no
method to identify whether the exact students take that exam.

The online objective exam system is an online test system that allows users to take
online tests and automatically generates results based on answers marked by users.
The system is to be used for various online tests conducted by schools colleges and
other institutions. The system is an online application that can be used to take tests
online and get instant results. The system is designed currently for 8 subjects. It also
consists of an admin module. The admin module leads to admin dashboard which is

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accessible through admin login. The admin dashboard allows admin to add new
questions into system along with 4 options and 1 right answer. The admin may also set
the time in minutes for every subject and number of questions. So now whenever user
resisters he may then login using registered username password. The user is now
allowed to give a test from any 8 subjects as desired. On choosing a subject the test
starts and user may now tick desired answers within the time limit. After the time ends
the system goes to the result page and shows users score to him.

1.2 Problem Statement

The first problem is lecturers need spend more time on grading.

This is because lecturer needs to check student paper one by one.

The second problem is difficult for students to answer quiz from any location.

Quiz give an impact in coursework. Sometime some students have their own reason
cannot take quiz on time.

In reality, lecturers and students were really important and they play a big role in
setup the quiz. Besides, lecturers can test their students’ knowledge by grading. Here,
the reasons to develop a web-based quiz system.

1.3 Objectives

1.3.1 General Objectives

Online examination is becoming more popular in this digital century. But what are the
objectives of online examination system? The objectives of online examination will be
explained in this article
a. Easy to Use
b. Powerful

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1.3.2 Specific objectives
The objectives of this project have been defined as we can know whether the goals of
the system have been achieved. There are the following objectives that determine the
success of this system:

a) To develop a system that enables the student to answer a quiz online.

b) To implement a system that enables the student to answer a quiz from any

Location.

c) To test the system whether it can help the lecturers in conducting a quiz.

1.4 Purpose of the project

Written before a project gets official approval, a project charter offers a basic description of a
project and connects it to the organization's goals to present a business case. Typically just
one to three pages long, the document serves to market the project's benefits so that the
company can determine whether the costs are worth the potential benefits.

The project charter, in the form of a problem statement and project goals, explains
why the company should undertake the project. It also identifies involved
stakeholders, any known risks and limitations, potential benefits, basic budget and
timeline information and the scope of the project. Other content usually includes
project assumptions, success criteria, project approval requirements, details about the
project team and a place for sponsors to sign off on the project.

After a project initiator completes the charter, he presents it to stakeholders for

approval. If successful, the sponsors will sign the project charter, and the project can
officially kick off. If the stakeholders reject the project, there may be negotiations
about project details to address any concerns mentioned

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1.5 Research question
a. Who uses an online examination system?
b. What is online examination?
c. How online examination systems work?
d. What are the benefits of an online examination system?

1.6 Project Scope

The scope of the system basically means everything that will be covered in the

project and who involves in it. It defines clearly the extent of content that will be

covered by the whole system. The scope of the study has to be defined at a
preliminary

stage and that is very important.

The scope of the system start in 1/12/2021 and it will end if Allah says 1/6/2021

1.7: Significance of the project

Some projects are likely to have much greater effects on traffic conditions in
and around their work zones than other projects will. So it is reasonable to
pay more attention to the effects of certain projects, such as those that we
think will cause greater congestion, compromise road safety, or greatly
reduce access to businesses or event venues (e.g., stadiums, arenas).
Recognizing that not all road projects cause the same level of work zone
impacts, the updated Rule (the Rule) establishes a category of projects
called "significant projects." This Section provides an overview and general
guidance for identifying significant projects.

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1.8 Project Organization
This thesis consists of five chapters.

Chapter one: discuss on introduction of this project. this chapter has several parts such
as Introduction, Background, Problem statements, Research Questions, purpose of the
study, Objectives of study, Scope of the study, Significance of the study and
Organizational project.

Chapter two: is literature review and related work that will explain Introduction,
Concepts opinions, previous work / existing system Gap and Chapter summary.

Chapter three: requirement analysis we will be discuss the proposed approach and
entire draft of the project that taken in the development of this project such as:

introduction, User requirement analysis, preliminary investigation, Organizational

profile, current system, limitation of the currency system, Data gathering, DFD, UML,
problem statement, Feasibility study, User requirement specification and Chapter
summary.

chapter four: system design, this chapter briefly will be discusses how the system
design that include: Introduction, design goal, Database design, Entity relationship
diagram, Data dictionary, Table design, Form design, Report design and Chapter
summary.

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 CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.0 Introduction
This chapter briefly we was discussed a body of text that aims to review the critical
points of the current system including: Introduction, Concepts opinions , Previous work
/ existing system ,Gap and Chapter summary

2.1 Concept, Opinions, Or Ideas From Authors/Experts

This paper is about using evidence from previous authors; literature reviews. This has
already been done, for example by WEBSTER and WATSON (2002) in the journal MISQ
and LATOUR (1987) in "Science in Action," but the former used the root metaphor of
the previous literature being objective facts (truthful sign posts) towards empirics while
LATOUR used the root metaphor of references ganging up on the reader to persuade.
This paper will provide a middle road on the same topic using the root metaphor of the
courtroom. Revealing and justifying alternative root metaphors is central to interpretive
research. Therefore, presentation of these different interpretations of the same topic
(literature reviews) provides a unique opportunity to appreciate "seeking
interpretations" as a research methodology. Readers are advised to read these two
other interpretations as well as this paper, noting how a different root metaphor can
lead to very different appreciation of a situation. Therefore, and more specifically, this
paper will argue for social inquiry researchers to adopt the root metaphor of considering
literature reviews to be the calling upon expert witnesses to provide supporting or
counter evidence justifying their paper's conclusion. It will present and demonstrate the
courtroom as a root metaphor.

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2.2 Previous Work/Existing System
The evolution of languages and software architectures provides a strong motivation to
migrate/transform existing software systems. Thus, more attention is paid to the
transformation aspects in model-driven engineering (MDE) along with the growing
importance of modeling in software development. However, a major concern in MDE is
how to ensure the quality of the model transformation mechanisms. Most of existing
work in model transformation has relied on defining languages to express
transformation rules. The main goal of existing transformation approaches is to provide
rules generating target models, from source models, without errors. However, other
important objective is how to minimize the complexity of transformation rules (e.g., the
number of rules and number of matching in the same rule) while maximizing the quality
of target models. In fact, reducing rule complexity and improving target model quality
are important to (1) make rules and target models easy to understand and evolve, (2)
find transformation errors easily, and (3) generate optimal target models. In this
chapter, we consider the transformation mechanism as a multiobjective problem where
the goal is to find the best rules maximizing target model quality and minimizing rule
complexity. Our approach starts by randomly generating a set of rules, executing them
to generate some target models. Of course, only solutions ensuring full correctness are
considered during the optimization process. Then, the quality of the proposed solution
(rules) is evaluated by (1) calculating the number of rules and matching metamodels in
each rule and (2) assessing the quality of generated target models using a set of quality
metrics. To this end, we use the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to
automatically generate the best transformation rules satisfying the two conflicting
criteria. We report the results of our validation using three different transformation
mechanisms. The best solutions provided well-designed target models with a minimal
set of rules.

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2.3 Gap Analysis And Direction
A gap analysis is process that compares actual performance or results with what was expected
or desired. The method provides a way to identify suboptimal or missing strategies, structures,
capabilities, processes, practices, technologies or skills, and then recommends steps that will
help the company meet its goals.

By comparing the current state with the target state, companies, business units, or
teams can determine what they need to work on to make their performance or results
better and get on the right path quicker. Companies can also use the gap analysis
process to elevate individual or team performance, and look at attributes such as task
competency, performance level, and productivity. Other names for the process include
need-gap analysis, needs analysis, and needs assessment.

As opposed to a risk assessment, which tend to be forward-looking, a gap analysis

examines the current state. ANSI (American National Standards Institute), ASIS
(American Society for Industrial Security), and RIMS (Risk and Insurance Management
Society) standards say that risk assessment includes the identification, analysis, and
evaluation of uncertainties to objectives and outcomes of an organization.

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 CHAPTER THREE

REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS

3.0 Introduction
This chapter we was identify requirement analysis needs for implementation new
system, also the software development tools which we was help to address the
problems will be identified.

3.1 User Requirements Analysis

The Online Quiz exams System (OQS) was developed to operate within the following
environment:-

A:Operating system Windows .

B: Database MySQL and Software to develop the system.
C: Browser Internet Explorer and above, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome Performance.

3.2 Preliminary investigation

preliminary examination - an examination taken by graduate students to determine
their fitness to continue. preliminary exam, prelim. exam, examination, test - a set of
questions or exercises evaluating skill or knowledge; "when the test was stolen the
professor had to make a new set of questions"

3.2.1 Current system

The Current System has Problems We Listed Them Below:

A. The system is very difficult to manage

B. The system is too low to process data

C. Unorganized

D. The system provides no information about students Activities or Status

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3.2.2 The limitations of the current system
The system may be faced some of Limitations include :-

A. Lack of internet.
B. Lack of Security.
C. Insufficient Time.
D. Lack of finance.
E. Data corrupting when you making the system project.

3.3 Data Gathering

Data collection is a methodical process of gathering and analyzing specific information
to proffer solutions to relevant questions and evaluate the results. It focuses on finding
out all there is to a particular subject matter. Data is collected to be further subjected
to hypothesis testing which seeks to explain a phenomenon.
A. Observation The definition of an observation is the act of noticing something or a
judgment or inference from something seen or experienced
B.Interview An interview is a procedure designed to obtain information from a person
through oral responses to oral inquiries

C .Internet: We studied, searched much effective helpful code that made easier for us
to code this project.

E. Questionnaire: Questionnaires provide a relatively cheap, quick and efficient way

of obtaining large amounts of information from a large sample of people

3.3.1 Data Flow diagram(DFD)/(UML)

Also known as DFD, Data flow diagrams are used to graphically represent
the flow of data in a business information system. DFD describes the processes that are
involved in a system to transfer data from the input to the file storage and reports
generation. Data flow diagrams can be divided into logical and physical

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A data flow diagram (DFD) maps out the flow of information for any process or system.
It uses defined symbols like rectangles, circles and arrows, plus short text labels, to
show data inputs, outputs, storage points and the routes between each destination

3.3.2 DFD
A data flow diagram (DFD) maps out the flow of information for any process or system.
It uses defined symbols like rectangles, circles and arrows, plus short text labels, to
show data inputs, outputs, storage points and the routes between each destination

A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the “flow” of Student

Information System. A data flow diagram can also be used for the visualization of Data
Processing. It is common practice for a designer to draw a context-level DFD first which
shows the interaction between the system and outside entities. This context-level DFD
is then “exploded” to show more detail of the system being modeled

Figure1: DFDs: Graphical Notation:

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.

Figure2: level0 registration system

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Figure3: level1 Course registration system

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Figure 4: level3 Department

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3.3.3 UML
UML, short for Unified Modeling Language, is a standardized modeling language
consisting of an integrated set of diagrams, developed to help system and software
developers for specifying, visualizing, constructing, and documenting the artifacts of
software systems, as well as for business modeling and other non

Get the most powerful, professional diagram software on the market. Use Lucidchart to
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UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a modeling language used by software

developers. UML can be used to develop diagrams and provide users (programmers)
with ready-to-use, expressive modeling examples. Some UML tools generate program
language code from UML.

3.4 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Let’s mention the problem of the current system as we have mentioned above. The
current system has many problems including the following factors:

A. Difficult To Manage

In the current system it is difficult to control it, because of the hugeness of the number
of Students and employees.

B. Slow Processing Data

To process certain information about students and employees require more time and
effort.

C. Un Organized Data

The information kept in the system are distributed not centralized.

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3.5 Feasibility Study
The feasibility study of any system is mainly intended to study and analyze the
proposed system and to decide whether the system under consideration will be viable
or not after implementation. That is it determines the usability of the project after
deployment. To come to result a set of query is answered keeping the efficiency of the
software and its impact on the domain for which it was developed. It main emphasis is
on the following three questions elucidated below as:

What are the user’s requirements and how does a candidate system meet them?

What resources are available for the proposed systems? Is it worth solving the
problem?

What is the likely impact of the proposed system on the organization? I.e. how does the
proposed system fit with in the organization?

Thus since the feasibility study may lead to commitment of large resources, it becomes
necessary that it should be conducted competently and no fundamental errors of
judgment are made. Different types of feasibility study and the way we performed on
our project “On Line Examination” .

A. Technical Feasibility.

B. Operational Feasibility.

C. Schedule Feasibility.

D. Economically feasibility.

E. Feasibility report

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3.5.1 Technical feasibility

In technical feasibility, we study all technical issues regarding the proposed system. It is
mainly concerned with the specifications of the equipments and the software, which
successfully satisfies the end-user’s requirement. The technical needs of the system
may vary accordingly but include:

A. The feasibility to produce outputs in a given time.

B. Response time under certain conditions.
C. Ability to process a certain volume of the transaction at a particular speed.
D. Facility to communicate data.

3.5.2 Operational feasibility

The new system is a user friendly system, but, in order to implement the new system,
the current students should upgraded and give some training. This training will take no
longer than 3 weeks.

3.5.3 Schedule Feasibility

Schedule feasibility is the degree to which a deadline for a strategy, plan, project or
process is realistic and achievable

Operationally started in 01/12/2020 and will be completed if Allah says 05/08/2021

or Dtae ytcrircA kearcreetnPataPPD ePatPecreP

s sesylAnA 1 weeks 25%

B nnAsee 1 weeks 15%

e edon 3 weeks 50%

n Implementation 1 weeks 10%

Table 2:. Schedule feasibility

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3.5.4 Economically feasibility
In order to develop this system, the following development cost should be available at
the beginning of any work as shown below

Technical costs $200

Operational costs $50

Developmental cost $50

Total costs $300

Table 3: Economically feasibility

3.5.5 Feasibility Report

In this section we was concluded the feasibility study being made, after analyze we
recognized that the coast incurred and coast of the new system will be more than the
benefits that will came out, so the group decided to develop the new online system that
will solve the current system problems.

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