2 Role of The Government in Health

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CBSE Class – VII Social Science
NCERT Solutions
Political Science Chapter 02
Role of the Government in Health
Question 1. In this chapter you have read that health is a wider concept than illness.
Look at this quote from the Constitution and explain the terms ‘living standard’ and
‘public health’ in your own words.
An important part of the Constitution says it is the “duty of the State to raise the level
of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health.”
Solution:
Living Standard refers to the level of wealth, comfort, material goods, and necessities
available to a certain socioeconomic class in a country. In well constructed urban areas,
standard of living is far better in comparison to underdeveloped rural areas. Clean, pollution
free surroundings lead to good living standards whereas living in regions of dirty, poor
sanitation, dusty lands leads to poor living standards.
Public Health is the wellness of all people, irrespective of caste, religion, gender, or
economic status to remain healthy and free from any disease. Right to life is everyone's right
without any discrimination. That is why the healthcare is "public" and every individual is
entitled to healthcare provided by the government.
Question 2. What are the different ways through which the government can take steps
to provide healthcare for all? Discuss.
Solution: The different ways through which the government can take steps to provide
healthcare for all are:
1. The government could increase the number of hospitals or medical vans in rural
and remote places for better access to healthcare.
2. Sanitation facilities and proper drainage system could be improved.
3. With the help of different agencies, the government could provide efficient filters
for clean and safe drinking water.
4. Proper garbage dumps and disposable bags should be provided and maintained.
5. Through different campaigns and educational programmes, people should be
made aware of different health problems. For example, people are made aware of
diseases such as diarrhea and dysentery due to poor hygiene through
advertisements.
6. Special treatment must be there for women, who are a vital part of our society.
Specialised care is needed for young mothers and pregnant women, especially
those who live in remote areas.
7. Medicines should be available either at free costs or at very low costs.
8. Even proper toilets and washrooms should be made and maintained at every
corner.
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9. The government should also invest more in healthcare and ensure that funds are
used appropriately for providing the public with healthcare facilities.
These are some of the ways for the improvement of health of our public which if
implemented properly, could definitely bring a positive change in our society.
Question 3. What differences do you find between private and public health services
in your area? Use the following table to compare and contrast these.
Solution:
Cost of
Facility Services Availability of service
Expensive The service is easily available as the private health centers use
Private
(high cost) modern and advanced techniques. They are also not very crowded.
It is difficult to avail proper services as there is a lack of
Cheap (low
Public equipment. The public health centers are very crowded and service
cost)
is very slow and inefficient.
The table above concludes that private health centers provide efficient quality services.
Doctors are well educated and qualified and provide best facilities to their patients, and hence
the health centers are costly. On the other hand, public health centers, lacking in
infrastructure, provide services which don't match with the advanced techniques used by
private ones but these facilities are cheaper in cost and are easily used by poor people.
Question 4. ‘Improvement in water and sanitation can control many diseases.’

Explain with the help of examples.
Solution:
Improvement in water and sanitation can control numerous diseases especially water borne
diseases. There are several diseases that spread through contaminated water, for example,
cholera, malaria, jaundice, typhoid, diarrhea, dysentery, etc.
By ensuring that clean safe water is available to all, such diseases can be prevented.
Examples -
• Regular checks of water coolers, roof tops and wherever the water is stagnant should be
conducted in every house. These checks could prevent mosquito breeding and could save
many lives.
• The government should check the quality of water provided at regular intervals. Proper
checks on waste disposal and sewerage treatment should be ensured.
• People should be educated on the consequences of the consumption and use of
contaminated water. That way, the diseases can be controlled.
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