X-Ray System Troubleshooting
X-Ray System Troubleshooting
X-Ray System Troubleshooting
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491-7180-3700 Mx8000 X-ray System Troubleshooting
Release 0, December 2000
List of Revisions
PREPARED APPROVED
E.C.O # REV DATE DESCRIPTION PAGES
BY BY
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Appendix A
XRS Error List A-1
Mx8000 X-ray System Troubleshooting 491-7180-3700
Release 0, December 2000
491-7180-3700 Mx8000 X-ray System Troubleshooting
X-ray System Troubleshooting
1. Introduction
This document describes the principles for troubleshooting the Mx8000
x-ray system by means of a flowchart. It is intended for a trained service
engineer who is familiar with the x-ray system components and with the
CanPro program. For x-ray system functional descriptions, see the
Mx8000 service manual.
2. Safety
Follow all general safety guidelines and radiation protection ordinances.
Refer to Chapter 1 General—Safety Guidelines in the Mx8000 Service
Manual.
SAFETY
SAFETY: Discharge disconnected high voltage cables.
Before beginning work on the X-ray system, do the following:
• Wait for the capacitor bank to discharge completely. The capacitor
bank is completely discharged when the two yellow LEDs on D450
inside the Gantry stationary are OFF.
• Measure the UDC voltage on UDC_pos and UDC_neg at the
following points:
- in the stationary generator
- on the slip ring at the back of the Gantry
- on the electronic box of the generator
• X-ray tube
• Electronic box—E603
• Fil/RAC—D-470+D-115
• Main Control—D-400
• Generator Power Supply—E606
• High Voltage Tank—E604
• MCB
• D-451
System Off
IS - Init Start
AS
Power Off Reset RS Aborted
Computer On 05H 0DH ID - Init Done
FS - Flash Start
AS,
System On FD - Flash Load
RD Load Mode ()
Mode Load T# - Table #
TF0, TF1, (TF2, TF3)
07H
ZT - Stop Table Load
IS INIT Error Priority 0 Halt IS CM Standby CM, AS,
06H
RS - Reset Start
OEH
01H V
(verify tables) AS - Abort Start
F AS,
CM - Cancel Mode
SL (0)
ID Mode Loaded V - Verify
Load Scan (0) 08H
SL - Scan Loaded
IS INIT Done F Flash Load CS - Cancel Scan
02H 0FH
CM, AS, CS
LS - Load Scan
T#
FS RD - Reset Done
FD - Stop
The Cycle
LS
IS Table Load F Flash Loaded Scan Load Scan Loaded
0GH
03H SJ(#)/SL (#) 0AH
F 09H
Start
IS Condition
NOTE
The Single Pulse test (Section 7.6) requires a Memory Oscilloscope.
This device is not a standard tool in the field. Nevertheless, we have
included the test as part of this manual. A Memory Oscilloscope can
be found in technical departments in some major health centers.
Flow Chart 1
XRS Error
Go To
Start E50 XX XX XX during Yes
INIT Stage? Table 1
No
XRS Error
E50 XX XX XX during
Scan?
Replace X-Ray
Yes Tube
E 50 00 11
E 50 00 1A
E 50 00 1B
E 50 00 1C No
Does arcing E 50 00 28
Perform Long TC
Yes occur with E 50 00 29
from Host
Error E 50 00 2F ? E 50 01 2A
Perform Scan with Error
E 50 01 2B Yes
Dummy Plugs Message?
E 50 01 2C
E 50 01 2D Section 7.3
No E 50 01 2F
E 50 01 30
Yes
E 50 01 31
E 50 01 32
E 50 02 33
Is There Check for following Go to
Yes
Arcing? Error Messages Flow Chart 2
Flow Chart 2
E 50 02 33 XX XX P1 P2 E 50 01 31 XX XX E 50 00 30 XX XX 00 02 E 50 01 30 XX XX 00 01 E 50 00 28 XX XX
E 50 00 30 XX XX 00 03
Perform Single
pulse test Replace FIL/RAC Replace HV-Tank
Check 560 Vdc
Section 7.6
Section 7.1
Check Fuse F4
and F5 in FIL/
P1=12 P1=10 P1=0F P1=08
RAC
Measure Anode
Replace HV-Tank Starter resistance Replace HV-Tank
Section 7.4 Measure Anode
Starter resistance
Section 7.4
Replace FIL/RAC
Refer to CANPRO
No Error List and
HTML file
Replace FILL/FPC for other possible
causes
The following errors can be caused by more than one malfunction. Column I lists the most likely malfunction. If the problem persists after changing
the part in column I, proceed to column II, and then to column III.
Table 1: XRS Message List
E50 00 10 (INIT) Reload XRS FW. Verify that you are using the correct version. MCB (D-400*)
E50 00 11 (INIT) D-400* MCB
E50 00 12 (INIT D-400* E-Box*
E50 00 13 (INIT) Perform Single Pulse test (see Section 7.6, Single Pulse Test ). D-400* E-Box* HV-Tank*
E50 00 14 (INIT) Perform Single Pulse test (see Section 7.6, Single Pulse Test ). D-400* E-Box* HV-Tank*
E50 00 15 (INIT) Check cable D400—D432. D-400* HV-Tank*
E50 00 16 (INIT) If parameter 2=03, check cable D400—D115. D-400* Fil/RAC X-ray Tube
E50 00 17 (INIT) D451 (IN PDC) D-400*
For parameter 2:
a. If parameter 2=(01 up to 0A), check x-ray tube filament resistance. You can
also install dummy plugs; this simulates the filament on the x-ray tube. Keep
Fil/RAC D-400* HV-Tank*
the service switch S-301 off. Turn on the Gantry power. If no error occurs
E50 00 18 (First Reset) during reset, this indicates that the x-ray tube is bad. See Section 7.5, X-ray
Tube Filaments Resistance Measurements .
b. If parameter 2=0B, this is an error which generally indicates that major arcing
Fil/RAC
occurred which may damage the Fil/RAC. It is recommended to order a new
X-ray Tube
x-ray tube and Fil/RAC.
Check E-Box fans and F2 fuse (XRS fans and M1 through M4) and F3 fuse (Fil/RAC
E50 00 1E Fil/RAC
and HV-Tank fans).
E50 00 21 Check fuse F3 (HV-Tank fans) and connection D400 (X-7)—D432 (X-6). HV-Tank* D-400*
Check E-Box fans and F2 fuse (XRS fans and M1 through M4) and F3 fuse (Fil/RAC
E50 00 22 (INIT) D-400* E-Box*
and HV-Tank fans).
Check E-Box fans and F2 fuse (XRS fans and M1 through M4) and F3 fuse (Fil/RAC
E50 00 23 (INIT) D-400* E-Box*
and HV-Tank fans).
E50 00 24 Verify that connector X-8 on D432 is properly connected. HV-Tank* D-400*
Generator
E50 00 25 Check the voltage on the generator PS (E606) attached to the E-Box. See Table 2. D-400*
PS—E606
Generator D-400*
E50 00 26 Check the voltage on the generator PS (E606) attached to the E-Box. See Table 2.
PS—E606 E-Box*
Generator D-400*
E50 00 27 Check the voltage on the generator PS (E606) attached to the E-Box. See Table 2.
PS—E606 E-Box*
Check x-ray tube filament for resistance. See Section 7.5, X-ray Tube Filaments
E50 01 30 (First Reset) Fil/RAC
Resistance Measurements .
E50 01 32 If the x-ray tube anode bearing is very noisy, replace the x-ray tube. Fil/RAC X-ray Tube
If parameter 1=02, the supplied DC voltage from the stationary part is too low. F100 Fuses in 560 VDC PS in
E50 01 34
Check 560VDC F100—Fuses (80A in PDC unit) PDC unit the PDC
E50 00 36 (INIT) E-Box*
During a scan, the voltage drop of UDC should never be more than 80 V
below the actual UDC voltage. If the UDC voltage drops by more than
80V during an exposure, there can be a missing phase in the PDC.
Check the three F100 (80A) fuses. If one F100 (80A) fuse is defective,
replace all three.
• From D-450 X7–X10 in the PDC via the W3 cable to the X303
connection in the right leg of the Gantry.
• From the X303 connection in the right leg of the Gantry via the
X315 cable to the slip ring connections X382 and X383.
• From slip ring connections X382 and X383 via the W505 cable to
the x-ray system.
The procedure must be performed each time one of the following parts is
replaced:
A. E-Box
B. HV-Tank
C. D- 400
The frequency adaptation procedure must complete successfully. If not,
the current frequency parameters are lost and no scan will be possible.
Failure of the procedure could be due to any x-ray fault.
SAFETY
SAFETY: Follow all safety guidelines when using the Dummy Plugs.
Calibration Procedure
9. Turn the CT-Box OFF and ON and verify that the system reached
the stand-by state without any errors.
10. Check proper operation of the HV system by performing scans from
the Host computer at: 90 kV, 120 kV, and 149 kV.
NOTE
Depending on the kV and mAs values, some scans can fail if frequency
adaptation is not performed after you replace the relevant parts.
In particular, the Dummy Plugs test will fail with the following error:
E 50 01 29 — An UT> +82 kV error was detected
If you are unaware to the fact that Frequency Adaptation was not
performed, you can misdiagnose the problem and conclude that the test
had failed.
The Dummy Plugs test detects high tension arcing or high tension
breakdown. During this test, high tension is applied to the high tension
circuit without tube current. High tension in the circuit is applied with
the use of test plugs, to isolate high tension faults to either the tube or
the H1 tank.
NOTE
• The results of Dummy Plugs test are valid only when an error occurs
also with Customer Modes. This is due to the nature of the HV_Drop
signal.
• When the tube is installed, radiation is produced. Use suitable
protection.
• Performing Dummy Plugs test with the tube installed can lead to
misdiagnosis and failures.
Procedure
SAFETY
SAFETY: Discharge disconnected high voltage cables.
Before beginning work on the X-ray system, do the following:
• Wait for the capacitor bank to discharge completely. The capacitor
bank is completely discharged when the two yellow LEDs on D450
inside the Gantry stationary are OFF.
• Measure the UDC voltage on UDC_pos and UDC_neg at the
following points:
- in the stationary generator
- on the slip ring at the back of the Gantry
- on the electronic box of the generator
NOTE
It is very important to wait for 15 minutes between exposures to allow for
the high voltage to discharge.
NOTE
Before replacing the tube, perform Short TC and Long TC to restore
stable operation.
The following errors can be associated with the anode starter and cable
connections.
XRS error 50 01 32 xx xx 02 40
XRS error 50 01 32 xx xx 03 00
XRS error 50 02 33 xx xx 10 63
The errors indicate problems with the anode starter rotation speed test.
NOTE
• Measurement must be performed with a TRUE RMS meter.
• Make sure that the anode starter has stopped completely prior to
measurement. If it is still running, wrong measurement values will be
obtained.
Procedure
SAFETY
SAFETY: Discharge disconnected high voltage cables.
Before beginning work on the X-ray system, do the following:
• Wait for the capacitor bank to discharge completely. The capacitor
bank is completely discharged when the two yellow LEDs on D450
inside the Gantry stationary are OFF.
• Measure the UDC voltage on UDC_pos and UDC_neg at the
following points:
- in the stationary generator
- on the slip ring at the back of the Gantry
- on the electronic box of the generator
The xrs system performs an initial test of both filaments during the
"Reset Stage": first the small filament and then the large one. At the end
of the reset stage the large filament stays in the stand-by mode (4.5 A).
If any of the filaments are open, the following error is issued:
XRS E 50 00 18
NOTE
• Measurement must be performed with a TRUE RMS meter.
• Make sure that the anode starter has stopped completely prior to
measurement. If it is still running, wrong filament measurement values
will be obtained.
Procedure
SAFETY
SAFETY: Discharge disconnected high voltage cables.
Before beginning work on the X-ray system, do the following:
• Wait for the capacitor bank to discharge completely. The capacitor
bank is completely discharged when the two yellow LEDs on D450
inside the Gantry stationary are OFF.
• Measure the UDC voltage on UDC_pos and UDC_neg at the
following points:
- in the stationary generator
- on the slip ring at the back of the Gantry
- on the electronic box of the generator
Inverter
1
..X1- (U1)
X2- (U2)
. H1 Tank P_UTact
.
Inverter X3- (V1) Tube
2 N_UTact
E-Box X4- (V2)
The Single Pulse test isolates a fault between the inverter (E603
electronic box) and the HV-Tank (E604) by triggering the inverters for a
single pulse.
Procedure
I_Load GND
Start_Inv GND
12. Observe the signal on the scope and compare to the following
figures and descriptions. On the basis of this comparison, you can
conclude which of the FRUs is faulty: E-Box or HV-Tank.
A. The following Figure 8 and Figure 9 represent a nominal no-fault operational system.
Figure 8: Single Pulse Oscillogram, Peak 150 A (Positive) Figure 9: Single Pulse Oscillogram, Peak 140 A (Negative)
Figure 8 illustrates a positive wave form of a single pulse that lasts for eight µseconds. It measures the time between the peak
and the return to zero. The peak in this wave form approaches 150 A.
Figure 9 illustrates a positive wave form of a single pulse that lasts for eight µseconds. It measures the time between the peak
and the return to zero. The peak in this wave form approaches 140 A.
Figure 10: I-Load Signal Positive Side Figure 11: I-Load Signal Negative Side
Figure 10 and Figure 11 represent a problem when there is a short circuit between x3, x1 and x4—a short circuit across the
current sensor exists. The current which flows in the current sensors oscillates in this short circuit after switching off the
inverter. The first pulse is switched off by the UCE-supervision of the inverter. Duration of the first pulse is six µseconds, the
maximum amplitude is 250 A.
This short circuit has the same effects as a short circuit of one high voltage transformer inside theHV-Tank. A shorted
transformer leads to a short circuit across x1 and x2 or x3 and x4, respectively (see Figure 5).
Figure 12: I-Load Signal Positive Side Figure 13: I-Load Signal Negative Side
Figure 12 and Figure 13 are examples of an open circuit in the input the high voltage transformer.
x4 is not connected (no wire and no connection plate to x2). Therefore, the stray inductance of the HV-Tank has twice the value
as in normal operation, because one high voltage transformer is not connected. Because of this, the resonance frequency
decreases so much, that the first pulse is switched off by the pulse limitation of the UCN 3860. There is a very small following
pulse with inverse polarity. Duration of the first pulse: 12 µs, maximum amplitude: 125 A.
E 50 00 20 invalid parameter or command 0x0001 : mode number within SL command too high
0x0002 : during MODE LOADED a SL command with
mode number <> 0 was sent
0x0003 : mode number within SE command is different to
the number loaded with SL command
Host error or wrong “CAN“ – tables 0x0004 : P_max in init table > permitted value
E 50 00 26 The supervisor of the power supply is activated. 0xXX-- : Parameter 2 contains the value of the EPLD
Error_Reg2.
Problem of +15 Volts in Inverter 1
E 50 00 27 The supervisor of the power supply is activated. 0xXX-- : Parameter 2 contains the value of the EPLD
Error_Reg2.
Problem of +15 Volts in Inverter 2
E 50 00 28 RAC error (8bit) 0x08XX : Too many short circuits in the stator occurred.
0x0BXX : The minimal factor for the amplitude was
Short or open circuit inside Anode - motor coils reached.
Or FIL_RAC problem 0x0DXX : Actual drive current was less than 1A
Messure coils resistence between phases (3.6 ohm)
E 50 01 32 A RAC error is detected. 0x01 : The speed of the anode defined in the Mode Table
is exceeeded. Parameter 2 contains the actual speed.
Problem during measurement of Anode-speed 0x02 : The speed of the anode defined Mode Table for
Can be when the Tube is very hot continuous rotation is exceeded. Parameter 2 contains the
actual speed.
Measurment of the anode motor frequency 0x03 : Frequency measurement not possible
is possible on the tube, after disconnecting the 0x04 : Frequency measurement during acceleration1 not
anode motor cable and connecting DVM. possible
( working frequencies : 30 ,50 ,80 ,100 HZ ) 0x05 : Frequency measurement during acceleration2 not
possible
E 50 02 33 During a scan a warning ocurred. (8bit) 0x01 : An UT>82kV error was detected.
0x02 : An -UT<-82kV error was detected.
0x03 : An Imax1 error was detected.
Warnings of out-of-limits parameters during scan 0x04 : An Imax2 error was detected.
Most of the times the errors are results of Arcings: 0x05 : An UBmax1 error was detected.
0x06 : An UBmax2 error was detected.
Especially the errors: 0x07 : An Arcing error was detected.
08 = I_Max_Fil 0x08 : An I_MAX_FIL error was detected.
09 = UI_Load_bad 0x09 : An UI_load_bad error was detected.
0d = A Fil_LIM 0x0A : The speed of the anode specified in the Mode
0f = A Rac short Table was exceeded.
Parameter 2 contains the actual speed.
Use Dummy-Plugs ! 0x0B : not used
0x0C : A Fault was detected.
IF NO Arcings where observed ..... 0x0D : A F_LIM ( limitation of the fiament current) was
Check Filament resistence ( 0.2 – 0.5 ohm) detected.
Check A.M. Coils resistence (3.6 ohm) 0x0E : not used
and listen to Anode-Rotation 0x0F : A RAC short circuit was detected.
IF correct , replace FIL_RAC board 0x10 : The speed of the anode specified in the Mode Table
was exceeded. Parameter 2 contains the actual speed.