Infografía Presente Perfecto

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The present perfect is roughly To form the present perfect, the

equivalent to the past perfect of auxiliary verb "to have" is used in the
Spanish. In general, it is a mix between present and the past participle of the
the present and the past. We use it for verb. For regular verbs, the past
actions in the past that matter in the participle is the simple form of the past.
present. See the lesson on the past simple for
more information on how to form the
past.

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
SENTENCES SENTENCES
Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to have) Subject + auxiliary verb (to have) +
+ participio pasado… "not" + past participle...
1. I have [I’ ve] talked to Peter 1. I haven’ t talked to Peter.
2. She has [She’ s] gone to work. 2. She hasn’ t gone to work.
3. We have [We’ ve] been to London. 3. We haven’ t been to London.
4. They have [They’ ve] learned English. 4. They haven’ t learned English.

INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
Auxiliary verb (to have) + subject + past participle…?

1. Have you talked to Peter?


2. Has she gone to work?
3. Have you been to London
4. Have they learned English?

USES
The present perfect is used for actions that occurred at a non-specific
time before now. The specific time is not important. Therefore, we do
not usually use specific time expressions ("this morning", "yesterday",
"last year" ...) with the present perfect. You can use the present
perfect with non-specific expressions of time ("never", "ever", "many
times", "for", "since", "already", "yet" ...). This non-specific concept of
time is quite difficult to understand, for this reason, below you have
the particular uses of the present perfect.

EJEMPLOS

1. The present perfect is 2. The present perfect is 3. Used for successes or


used to describe an used for a change in time. achievements.
experience. We do not use
it for specific actions. -I have become more -Our football team has
timid in my old age won the championship
-I have never flown in a three times.
plane.

4. We use the present 5. The present perfect is 6. In general, we use the


perfect for actions that used to talk about actions present perfect
have not yet happened. at different times in the continuous for situations
The use of the present past. The use of the that have started in the
perfect in these cases present perfect in these past but are still in the
indicates that we are still cases indicates that more present. But as we have
waiting for the action, so actions are possible in the seen, there are some
we often use the adverbs future. verbs that we cannot use
"yet" and "still". in continuous tenses. In
-I love New York! I have these cases, we use the
-The plane hasn’t arrived been there 5 times already present perfect.
yet. and I can’t wait to go back.
-How long has Michael
been in Barcelona?

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