Planing Assignment..

COLLEGE OF ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER
ENGINEERING
(M.Sc. in power engineering)

Power system planning and management assignment-I
BY:
AWOL ABDU ID No GSR 237/12
Submitted to Dr. Milkias B.
Submission date: 11/09/2012 E.C
i|Pa g e
Solution:
1) When the load elements of a load curve are arranged in the order of descending
magnitudes, the curve thus obtained is called a load duration curve.
L 15
O 12
A
D 10
8
I
N 6
4
M 2
W
87 876 1752 2625 4380 7000 8760
HOURS DURATION
Units generated/annual = Area (in MWh) under the load duration curve
= 103 [15 × 87 + 12 × 789 + 10 × 876 + 8 × 873 + 6 × 1755 + 4 × 2620+2×1760]
=103 [1305 + 9468 + 8760+ 6984 + 10530 + 10480 + 3520] KWh
= 51,047 MWh
Units generated /anmual 51047 MWh

Average load=¿
8760 hours
= 8760 hours
=5.82728 MW
Average load 5.82728 MW

Load factor =
Max . demand
= 15 MW
=0.38848554
2) A power plant has a peak demand of 15 NIW, load factor is 0.70, plant capacity factor is
0.525 and a plant use factor of 0.85. Determine:
(a) daily energy produced
(b) reserve capacity of the plant.
(c) the maximum energy that could be produced daily if the plant operating schedule is
fully loaded when in operation.
Solution.
Page | 2
Average load Average load
Load factor =
Max . demand
= 15 MW
=0.70
Average demand = 15 × 0.70 = 10.5 MW
(a) daily energy produced
Daily energy produced = Average demand × 24

= 10.5 × 24 = 252 MWh
Average load
Plant capacity factor = Plant capacity =
Plant capacity
Average load
Plant capacity factor
10.5 MW
Plant capacity = = 20 MW
0.525
(b) reserve capacity of the plant.
Reserve capacity of plant = Plant capacity − maximum demand

Reserve capacity of plant = 20MW – 15MW
Reserve capacity of plant = 5MW
(c) the maximum energy that could be produced daily if the plant operating schedule is
fully loaded when in operation.
Maximum energy that could be produced =
Actual energy produced ∈a day 252 MWh

= = 296.4705 MWh/day
Plant usecapacity 0.85
3) A generating station has peak demand of 120 MW and its connected load is 200 MW. The
energy produced annually is 4 x 105 MW-hr. Determine:
(a) load factor
(b) demand factor
Solution.
Page | 3
Max . demand
Demand factor ¿
Connected load
120 MW
= 200 MW = 0.6
Units generated /annum
Average demand =
Hours∈a year
4 x 105 MW −hr
= =45.662 MW
8760 hr
Average load 45.662 MW
Load factor =
Max . demand
= 120 MW
=0.3805
4. A power plant has to meet the following load demand:

Load A: 100 MW from 8 AM-6PM
Load B: 150 MW from 6 AM- 10 AM
Load C: 50MW from 6 AM- 10 AM
Load D: 20MW from 10 AM - 6 AM
Plot the daily load curve and determine. (a) diversity factor (b) load factor (c) daily energy
produced.
Solution. The given load cycle can be tabulated
Time (Hours) 0— 6 6— 8 8— 10 10— 18 18— 24

Load A — — 100 MW 100 MW —
Load B — 150 MW 150 MW — —
Load C — 50 MW 50 MW — —
Load D 20MW — — 20 MW 20 MW
Total load on 20MW 200MW 300 MW 120 MW 20 MW
power station
Page | 4
From this table, it is clear that total load on power station is 20MW for 0—6 hours, 200 MW for
6—8 hours, 300 MW for 8—10 hours,120 MW for 10— 18 hours and 20 MW for 18—24 hours.
Plotting the load on power station versus time, we get the daily load curve as shown in Fig... It is
clear from the curve that maximum demand on the station is 300 MW and occurs from 8 A.M. to
10 A. M. i.e.,
Maximum demand = 300 MW
Sum of individual maximum demands of loads 100 + 150 + 50 + 20 =320 MW
Diversity factor =
∑ of individual maximum demands
Maximumdemand
320 MW
= 300 MW
=1.06667
Units generated/day = Area (in MWh) under load curve

= 20 × 6 + 200 × 2 + 300 × 2 + 120 × 8 + 20 × 6
=2200MWhr
Average load = 2200MWhr /24hr
=91.667MW
Load factor = 91.667MW /300MW
Page | 5
= 0.30556
5. From a load duration curve, following data are available: Maximum demand on the system is
40 MW. The load supplied by the two generating units is 28 MW and 20 MW. Unit no. 1 is the
base unit and works for all the time. Unit no. 2 is peak load unit and works only for 40% of the
time. The energy produced annually by unit 1 is 2 x 108 units and that by unit 2 is 15 x 166 units.
Find the: (a) load factor (b) plant capacity factor (c) plant use factor of both the units. Also (d)
determine the load factor of the total plant.
Solution: Install capacity of base load power station of unit 1= 28MW
Install capacity of peak load power station of unit 1= 20MW
Maximum demand on the system is 40 MW
Annual energy production for unit 1: 2×108KWhr
Annual energy production for unit 2(peak load): 15×106 KWhr
Base load power station working time: 8760hr
Peak load power station working time:3504hr
1. For base load power station:

energy generated /annum
a. Annual load factor = maximum demand × working hour
2× 108 KWhr
= =0.57078
40 MW × 8760 hr
b. Annual plant factor = install capacity × hour ∈a year
2× 108 KWhr
= = 0.8154
28 MW ×8760 hr

c. Annual plant use factor =
install capacity × used hour
2× 108 KWhr
== = 0.8154
28 MW ×8760 hr
Since it works all hours in a year so it is 8760hrs
2. For peak load power station:
Since the total working hour is 40% of the normal hours in a year
Page | 6
So, 40/100= 0.4*8760=3504hr
a. Annual load factor = maximum demand × working hour
15 ×106 kWhr
= 40 MW ×350 hr = 0.107=10.7%
b Annual plant factor =
install capacity × hour ∈a year
15 ×106 kWhr
= 20 MW ×8760 hr = 0.0856 =8.56%

c. Annual plant use factor =
install capacity × used hour
15 ×106 kWhr
== 20 MW ×3504 hr = 0.214 = 21.4%
d determine the load factor of the total plant

total energy generated /annum
total load factor in the station =
simultanious maximum demand ×8760 hr
from the given the maximum power demand of the station is 40MW
15× 106 kWhr+2 ×108 kWhr
total load factor in the station =
40 MW ×8760 hr
= 0.61358 61.36%
Page | 7

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COLLEGE OF ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL

(M.Sc. in power engineering)

Submitted to Dr. Milkias B.

Submission date: 11/09/2012 E.C

Units generated /anmual 51047 MWh

Average load 5.82728 MW

Daily energy produced = Average demand × 24

Reserve capacity of plant = Plant capacity − maximum demand

Maximum energy that could be produced =

Actual energy produced ∈a day 252 MWh

4. A power plant has to meet the following load demand:

Time (Hours) 0— 6 6— 8 8— 10 10— 18 18— 24

Units generated/day = Area (in MWh) under load curve

1. For base load power station:

energy generated /annum

energy generated /annum

d determine the load factor of the total plant

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