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    Earthquake Energy Rise

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    Dũng Hoàng
    This article presents evidence that the annual earthquake energy on Earth has increased five times over the past few decades based on analysis of earthquake data from the USGS database. The data shows that larger earthquakes (magnitude 7.0 and above) have increased in energy faster than smaller quakes. This trend suggests fundamental changes to seismic activity on Earth. The observed rise in earthquake energy contradicts theories of a solidifying planetary interior and indicates overheating of the Earth's interior as a potential cause, driven by the planet absorbing more solar energy than it radiates out to space.

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    Earthquake Energy Rise

    Uploaded by

    Dũng Hoàng
    30 views2 pages
    This article presents evidence that the annual earthquake energy on Earth has increased five times over the past few decades based on analysis of earthquake data from the USGS database. The data shows that larger earthquakes (magnitude 7.0 and above) have increased in energy faster than smaller quakes. This trend suggests fundamental changes to seismic activity on Earth. The observed rise in earthquake energy contradicts theories of a solidifying planetary interior and indicates overheating of the Earth's interior as a potential cause, driven by the planet absorbing more solar energy than it radiates out to space.

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    This article presents evidence that the annual earthquake energy on Earth has increased five times over the past few decades based on analysis of earthquake data from the USGS database. The data shows that larger earthquakes (magnitude 7.0 and above) have increased in energy faster than smaller quakes. This trend suggests fundamental changes to seismic activity on Earth. The observed rise in earthquake energy contradicts theories of a solidifying planetary interior and indicates overheating of the Earth's interior as a potential cause, driven by the planet absorbing more solar energy than it radiates out to space.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30 views2 pages

    Earthquake Energy Rise

    Uploaded by

    Dũng Hoàng
    This article presents evidence that the annual earthquake energy on Earth has increased five times over the past few decades based on analysis of earthquake data from the USGS database. The data shows that larger earthquakes (magnitude 7.0 and above) have increased in energy faster than smaller quakes. This trend suggests fundamental changes to seismic activity on Earth. The observed rise in earthquake energy contradicts theories of a solidifying planetary interior and indicates overheating of the Earth's interior as a potential cause, driven by the planet absorbing more solar energy than it radiates out to space.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    NU Journal of Discovery, May 2008, http://nujournal.net/EarthquakeEnergyRise.

    pdf 1

    Earthquake Energy Rise on Earth


    Tom J. Chalko, MSc, PhD
    Head of Geophysics Division, Scientific E Research P/L, Mt Best, Vic 3960, Australia

    Abstract For practical purposes it is convenient to


    calculate the annual earthquake energy ratio
    This article presents a method of monitoring ηK, relative to the year when reasonably
    earthquake activity on the planetary scale accurate earthquake records began. In the case
    using the data of all individual earthquakes on of the USGS earthquake database, the
    Earth since 1973, available from US “reference year” is 1973.
    Geological Survey (USGS) [4]. The method
    reveals that in recent years the annual
    ∑K 101.5M i
    (3)
    ∑101.5M i
    ηK =
    earthquake energy on Earth has increased five
    times and that its trend is to grow in the future. 1973
    The annual earthquake energy ratio ηK is
    Introduction independent of the arbitrary constant A.

    Earthquakes on Earth are reported and Rising Earthquake energy on Earth


    classified using a logarithmic scale, such as the
    Richter-scale magnitude. The plot of ηK for the period 1973 to 2007
    computed from all 257,509 earthquakes of
    Using the logarithmic quake data statistics it is magnitude 4.0 and above in the USGS quake
    difficult to monitor trends and detect changes database is presented in Fig 1. The plot
    in seismic activity on Earth. demonstrates that the energy of large quakes
    (7.0M and above) grows faster in time than
    This article presents a method of monitoring energy of quakes above 4.0M. (see [5] for
    seismic activity on Earth on the basis of the details). The year 2008 is omitted because at
    accumulated annual energy of all observed the time of writing of this article the year 2008
    earthquakes. has not finished and the author prefers to avoid
    extrapolations.
    Earthquake energy
    Annual earthquake energy on Earth
    Energy E of an earthquake can be estimated relative to 1973 ( from USGS data)
    Observed energy
    from its magnitude M as follows [1]: 16 7.0M and above
    E = 10 ( c +1.5 M ) = A 101.5 M (1) 14 Trend 7.0M and
    above
    Where A=10c is a constant. Traditionally c is 12
    Observed energy
    chosen in such a way that the energy of an 10 4.0M and above
    earthquake of the magnitude 4.0 matches the 8 Trend 4.0M and
    energy of exploding 1 kiloton of the TNT 6
    above
    explosive. [2] 4
    Observed energy
    below 7.0M
    2
    The accumulated energy of all earthquakes in 0
    a year K can be computed by adding the 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
    energy values of all earthquakes during that year
    year.
    E K = A∑ 101.5 M i (2) Fig 1. History of the annual earthquake energy ratio ηK
    K in the period 1973 - 2007, computed from the USGS
    earthquake database in cooperation with A.Soderlund
    NU Journal of Discovery, May 2008, http://nujournal.net/EarthquakeEnergyRise.pdf 2

    Fig 1 demonstrates that the annual earthquake demonstrate that the behavior of the Real
    energy of large quakes has increased about 6 Planet is exactly the opposite. Something must
    times in recent years and that it has a tendency be fundamentally wrong with the currently
    to grow in the future. It also shows that smaller adopted planetary interior theories. One of the
    quakes (<7.0M) become increasingly most plausible explanations for the systematic
    insignificant, which indicates a systematic increase in seismic/tectonic activity is
    change to the fundamental mechanism of the overheating of the planetary interior.
    seismic activity on Earth.
    NASA measurements form space confirm [3]
    The result presented above is not theoretical. It that Earth as a whole absorbs more energy
    represents the Observed Reality, because it is from the Sun than it is able to radiate back to
    computed directly from accurate and cross- space. Hansen et all state [3] that this energy
    verified seismic records kept at USGS. imbalance is 0.85 ± 0.15 Megawatts per square
    kilometre. This is not a theory - it is an
    Conclusions observable fact [3], just like earthquakes.

    The observed 5-fold increase in annual Since Earth absorbs more energy than it can
    earthquake energy in the period 1980-2007 radiate, the whole planet overheats, not just the
    and the rapidly increasing trend are alarming. atmosphere.

    Results presented in this article indicate that Specifically, the heat that is generated in the
    the main danger for humanity on Earth may planetary interior (as a result of decay of all
    come not from a slow climate change, but radioactive isotopes there) is trapped and the
    from the rapidly increasing seismic/tectonic planetary interior temperatures rise. The
    activity. overheating occurs because the only way for
    the radionic heat to escape from the planetary
    In the period of time when the planetary interior is through the surface, but the surface
    climate changed by a small fraction of one receives more energy than it is able to radiate
    degree, earthquakes have become 5 times away.
    more energetic. How long do we need to wait
    until someone brings this problem to our Planetary interior overheating is the most
    awareness? serious consequence of so-called “global
    warming” and constitutes the main danger for
    Awareness of the problem is essential not only humanity on Earth today.
    to explain the reason for the observed
    phenomenon but also to consider possible References
    solutions. [1] J. Louie, What is Richter Magnitude? Class materials of
    University of Nevada, Reno, 9 Oct. 1996,
    http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/class/100/magni
    What could be a reason for the observed 5-fold tude.html
    increase in annual earthquake energy? [2] Richter magnitude scale, Wikipedia,
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richter_magnitude_scale
    [3] Hansen, J., L. Nazarenko, R. Ruedy, Mki. Sato, J. Willis,
    According to the currently adopted dogmas the A. Del Genio, D. Koch, A. Lacis, K. Lo, S. Menon, T.
    planetary interior “crystallizes” in time and Tovakov, Ju. Perlwitz, G. Russell, G.A. Schmidt, and N.
    Tausnev 2005. Earth's energy imbalance: Confirmation
    hence becomes more solid. Motion of tectonic and implications. Science 308, no. 5727, pp 1431-1435,
    plates should therefore become slower and the 2005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1110252
    associated seismic activity should not increase [4] USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/
    [5] Chalko T. Quake Energy Monitor software, 2008,
    in time. http://nujournal.net/quakes.rar

    And yet, historic earthquake energy


    observations presented above in this article

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