EOU2

Câu Hỏi
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________________ helps to identify a product made by a particular producer and cannot be
legally used by anyone else.
Select one:
a.
A symbol
b.
A trademark
c.
A brand
d.
A generic
Câu Hỏi 2
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________________ is referred to as a maximum quantity of goods of a specific kind that can be
imported into a country.
Select one:
a.
A tariff
b.
An output
c.
A sales target
d.
A quota
Câu Hỏi 3
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________________ is referred to as basic systems and services such as transport and power
supplies.
Select one:
a.
Asset
b.
Infrastructure
c.
Facilities
d.
Superstructure
Câu Hỏi 4
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________________ is referred to as government actions concerning taxation and public
expenditure.
Select one:
a.
Tax policy
b.
Economic policy
c.
Monetary policy
d.
Fiscal policy
Câu Hỏi 5
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________________ is the economic theory that supports governmental intervention in the
economy, to counteract the business cycle.
Select one:
a.
Classical economic theory
b.
Monetarism
c.
Keynesianism
d.
Friedman theory
Câu Hỏi 6
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________________ means a country's ability to produce particular goods more efficiently than
some other countries.
Select one:
a.
Competitive advantage
b.
Comparative advantage
c.
Absolute advantage
d.
Relative advantage
Câu Hỏi 7
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Unfettered free markets can ensure the long- term optimal ________________ of resources
and long- term economic growth.
Select one:
a.
calculation
b.
allocation
c.
collaboration
d.
provision
Câu Hỏi 8
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________________ means restricting imports by way of trade barriers such as tariffs and
quotas.
Select one:
a.
Protectionism
b.
Absolute advantage
c.
Consumerism
d.
Strategic industry
Câu Hỏi 9
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________________ penalizes all income-generating activity, which makes everyone poorer.
Select one:
a.
Capital gains tax
b.
Value-added tax
c.
Inheritance tax
d.
Income tax
Câu Hỏi 10
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A tax collected at each stage of production, excluding the already-taxed costs from previous
stages, is called a/an ________________.
Select one:
a.
sales tax
b.
capital gains tax
c.
added-value tax
d.
value-added tax
Câu Hỏi 11
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WTO policies allow rich countries to ________________ heavily subsidized industrially
produced food in poor countries, which damages local production.
Select one:
a.
copy
b.
protect
c.
deny
d.
dump
Câu Hỏi 12
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An economic system in which anyone can raise capital, form a business, and offer goods or
services is called ________________.
Select one:
a.
free expenditure
b.
free enterprise
c.
free corporate
d.
free society
Câu Hỏi 13
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Countries where taxes are low, where multinational companies often set up their head offices,
are known as ________________.
Select one:
a.
tax launderers
b.
tax evasion
c.
tax harbors
d.
tax havens
Câu Hỏi 14
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During a(n) ________________, parts of the economy expand to the point where they are
working at full capacity.
Select one:
a.
downturn
b.
upturn
c.
consumption
d.
balance of payments
Câu Hỏi 15
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During a(n) ________________, the demand for goods and services will decline and the
economy will begin to work below its potential.
Select one:
a.
expansion
b.
upturn
c.
boom
d.
downturn
Câu Hỏi 16
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Groups of people with a stake in or an interest in or a claim on the firm are called
________________.
Select one:
a.
bondholders
b.
stakeholders
c.
stockholders
d.
shareholders
Câu Hỏi 17
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He also maintained that increases in public expenditure would lead to increased
________________ and higher unemployment.
Select one:
a.
intervention
b.
proportion
c.
taxation
d.
restriction
Câu Hỏi 18
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If the economy's turning down, it may make sense for governments to have
________________, and to keep expenditure in the economy.
Select one:
a.
budget deficit
b.
budget supply
c.
budget equilibrium
d.
budget surplus
Câu Hỏi 19
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It is clearly shown that their products are designed to ________________ profit rather than
behave according to consumer expectations.
Select one:
a.
localize
b.
provide
c.
maximize
d.
optimize
Câu Hỏi 20
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Selling your company's secrets to a rival is called industrial ________________.
Select one:
a.
pollution
b.
fraud
c.
espionage
d.
trading
Câu Hỏi 21
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The business cycle or trade cycle is a ________________ feature of market economies: GDP
alternately grows and contracts.
Select one:
a.
alternative
b.
temporary
c.
expansive
d.
permanent
Câu Hỏi 22
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The community or outside society can be referred to as ________________ stakeholders.
Select one:
a.
internal
b.
extended
c.
interval
d.
external
Câu Hỏi 23
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The company increased its production of the new shoes after a recent advertising campaign
made the ________________ for the product increase rapidly.
Select one:
a.
trough
b.
surplus
c.
demand
d.
deficit
Câu Hỏi 24
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The contract requires managers ________________ to high standards of personal ethics.
Select one:
a.
to eliminate
b.
to conform
c.
to provide
d.
to maximize
Câu Hỏi 25
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The difference between the funds a country receives and those it pays for all internal
transactions is called ________________.
Select one:
a.
consumption decisions
b.
equilibrium
c.
balance of payments
d.
gross domestic product
Câu Hỏi 26
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The fact that people start saving money and consuming less leads to a ________________ in
demand, production, and employment.
Select one:
a.
equilibrium
b.
surplus
c.
fall
d.
rise
Câu Hỏi 27
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The model where companies have an obligation to maximize profits because shareholders
expect the maximum return on their investments is called ________________.
Select one:
a.
stockholder model
b.
stakeholder model
c.
caveat emptor
d.
classical theory
Câu Hỏi 28
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The period during which radical innovations destroy established companies or industries is
called ________________.
Select one:
a.
trough
b.
endogenous
c.
creative destruction
d.
technological invention
Câu Hỏi 29
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The total market value of all the goods and services produced in a country during a given period
is called ________________.
Select one:
a.
demand decline
b.
gross domestic product
c.
balance of payments
d.
consumptions
Câu Hỏi 30
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The upward and downward movement of aggregate output produced in the economy is referred
to as the ________________.
Select one:
a.
monetary expansion
b.
business cycle
c.
long-lasting recession
d.
negative growth
Câu Hỏi 31
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SECTION 2: Reading Cloze (20 marks, 2 marks/answer)

Fill in each blank with one suitable word/phrase. You don’t need to use all the words provided.

protecting advanced committed

impact schedule related
business managed progression

Business and the environment
designing
These days in business, people have to face many challenging questions when (31) Trả lời
and implementing new projects in undeveloped areas of the countryside. One issue which has to be
faced is whether it is possible to introduce new technology without destroying the local (32)Trả lời
environment
.

economic
(33) Trả lời
development and environmental conservation are often seen as natural enemies. It is unfortunate that in
the past this has often been true, and it has been necessary to choose between running the project or
protecting
(34) Trả lời
the environment. However, by taking environmental considerations seriously at an early stage in a
impact
project, companies can significantly reduce any (35) Trả lời
on local plants and animals.

For example, in southern Africa, a company called CEL was asked to put up 410 km of a power
transmission line without disturbing the rare birds which inhabit that area. The project was carried out with
business
minimal disturbance last summer. What may surprise many (36) Trả lời
people is the fact that this consideration for local wildlife did not in any way slow down the project.
advanced
Indeed, the necessary advance planning, combined with local knowledge and (37) Trả lời
schedule
technology, meant that the project was actually completed ahead of (38) Trả lời
managed
. CEL was contracted to finish the job by October and (39) Trả lời
to do so two months earlier.

committed
CEL is one of those companies which is (40) Trả lời
to the principle of environmental conservation. Many other companies have yet to be convinced of the
importance of balancing the needs of people with those of the environment. However, it may be the only
realistic way forward.
Thông Tin
Đặt cờ
Information text
SECTION 3: Reading Comprehension (30 marks, 2 marks/answer)
Profits and social responsibility
1. Pure free market theorists argue that the function of a business is to make profits. Milton
Friedman, for example, argued that any corporate action inspired by “social responsibility”,
rather than the attempt to maximize profits, is “unbusinesslike”. In an article called “The social
responsibility of business is to increase its profits”, he argued that people who say that business
has “responsibilities for providing employment, eliminating discrimination, avoiding pollution”,
and so on, are “undermining the basis of a free society”. For Friedman, “only people can have
responsibilities”, and not corporations:
2. In a free enterprise, private-property system, a corporate executive is an employee of the
owners of the business. He has direct responsibility to his employers. That responsibility is to
conduct the business in accordance with their desires, which generally will be to make as much
money as possible, while of course conforming to the basic rules of the society, both those
embodied in law and those embodied in ethical custom.
3. Therefore, “to say that the corporate executive has a “social responsibility” in his capacity as
businessman” is to say that “he is to act in some way that is not in the interest of his employers”.
Because if an executive makes “social” expenditures he is spending someone else’s money ...
Insofar as his actions in accord with his “social responsibility” reduce returns to stockholders, he
is spending their money. Insofar as his actions raise the price to customers, he is spending the
customers’ money. Insofar as his actions lower the wages of some employees, he is spending
their money.
4. Furthermore, such actions are “undemocratic” as they involve corporations taking on
responsibilities that should be the government’s: taxation and expenditure, and solving social
problems. If the elected government is not taking certain actions, it is because the voters did not
want it to do so. Any such action “harms the foundations of a free society” and reveals an
unfortunate “suicidal impulse” in businessmen.
5. Friedman does not seem to consider the possibility that stockholders might prefer to receive
lower dividends but live in a society with less pollution or less unemployment and fewer social
problems.
6. An alternative view to the “stockholder model” exemplified by Friedman’s article is the
stakeholder model. According to this approach, business managers have responsibilities to all
the groups of people with a stake in or an interest in or a claim on the firm. These will include
employees, suppliers, customers and the local community, as well as the stockholders.
Proponents of the stakeholder approach argue that all these groups should be represented on a
company’s board of directors.

Based on the information in the article, say whether the following statements are True
(T), False (F).
Câu Hỏi 32
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Free market theorists think that people do business to make money.
Select one:
True
False
Câu Hỏi 33
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Friedman argues that the social responsibility of business is to solve social problems.
Select one:
True
False
Câu Hỏi 34
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Friedman believes both people and corporations can have responsibilities.
Select one:
True
False
Câu Hỏi 35
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Friedman describes social responsible actions of corporations as undemocratic.
Select one:
True
False
Câu Hỏi 36
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According to Friedman, in what way are "social responsible" actions by businesses
"undemocratic"?
Select one:
a.
Because this is generally what the owners of the business want, and what they employ executives to do.
b.
Because only people can have responsibilities, and not corporations.
c.
Because they involve doing things that should be done by governments.
Câu Hỏi 37
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According to the text, what other desires might stockholders have, apart from making as much
money as possible?
Select one:
a.
A society with less pollution or less unemployment and fewer social problems.
b.
Lower dividends, higher prices, or lower wages.
c.
A government that takes on social responsibilities.
Câu Hỏi 38
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Đặt cờ
What does each of the underlined words refer to?
47 “… he argued that people who say that business has …” (Para. 1)
Milton Friedman
Answer: Trả lời

48 “… to say that he is to act in some way that is not …” (Para. 3)
the corporate executive

Answer: Trả lời

Find words from the text which mean:
49. complying with or following (rules, etc.) (Para. 2)
conforming to
Answer: Trả lời

50. treating some people in a worse way than you treat other people (Para. 1)
discrimination
Answer: Trả lời

51. to make something weaker (Para. 1)
undermine
Answer: Trả lời

52. to cause damage to (Para. 4)
harms
Answer: Trả lời

53. according to generally accepted beliefs based on morals (Para. 2)
ethical
Answer: Trả lời

Fill in each gap of these sentences with one suitable word from the text:
provide
54. The new factory will Trả lời
employment for about a hundred local people.

stakeholder
55. According to the Trả lời
model, business managers have responsibilities to all the groups of people with a stake in or an interest
in or a claim on the firm.
Câu Hỏi 39
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SECTION 4: Listening (20 marks)
PART 1: Listen and fill in the gaps. (1 mark/answer)

Phát
Tắt tiếng
Đã tải: 3.93%
Thời gian còn lại -0:47

Picture-in-Picture

developed
But let’s think what happens there. I’m working in a cloth factory in a (56) Trả lời
free
country. We move from going from no trade to (57) Trả lời
lose
trade. My country specializes just in computers. What’s going to happen, I’m going to (58) Trả lời
concern
my job. OK. Now that may be a big (59) Trả lời
, governments may be concerned about workers losing jobs in certain sectors. Now we could argue in
reallocate
theory I just need to (60) Trả lời
difficult
my job and become working in computing. It may be very (61) Trả lời
right
for me to do that. I may be in the wrong part of the country, I may not have the (62) Trả lời
skills and so on.

gain
Basically what happens with free trade is that many many people (63) Trả lời
and a few people may lose and they may lose big time, and if we’re concerned about those people we
transition
may want to have some (64) Trả lời
unfettered
process, we may be concerned about (65) Trả lời
free trade.
Câu Hỏi 40
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PART 2: Listen and complete the summary (2 marks/answer)
Phát
Tắt tiếng
Đã tải: 0%
Thời gian còn lại -1:26

Picture-in-Picture

Q: What recent changes have you noticed in the job market?
A: The most unique change in the job market recently is the intervention of (66) Trả lời
online recruitment
and websites. As a global business, we can recruit roles that are based wherever. Besides, the candidate
job seeker
or (67) Trả lời
do have a large number of choice. For example, you can go online at home to look for roles and jobs that
unique opportunity
are advertised worldwide. It’s an absolutely (68) Trả lời
for both candidates and employers. In terms of the recruitment market, there has been an increasing
need for interim and temporary employees. The fact is that many organizations will continue to
specialist people
experience change, and quite often, (69) Trả lời
will need to be brought in on project bases to handle specific projects in areas such as IT, (70) Trả lời
human resources
… and people will keep looking for project management.

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Câu Hỏi

protecting advanced committed

on local plants and animals.

to do so two months earlier.

the corporate executive

employment for about a hundred local people.

Thời gian còn lại -0:47

skills and so on.

Thời gian còn lại -1:26

… and people will keep looking for project management.

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