A L L I S O N 4 th G E N E R A T I O N C O N T R O L S S E R V I C E T R A I N I N G

VEHICLE
I N T E R FA C E
Mandatory Interface: TCM Power and Ground
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

The TCM must have

dedicated power and ground. TCM Power & Ground
J Lack of dedicated power and
ground may allow interference
from other electrical sources,
resulting in poor transmission
system performance.
J Power and ground wires must be
connected either directly to the
battery terminals or to an
"electronics-dedicated" buss bar.
- Components connected to the
buss bar must draw no more than
30 amps and conform to EMC
specification equivalent to SAE
J1455 or GM9114.
- Total resistance between the
battery and buss bar must not
exceed 1mOhm (0 gauge wire is
recommended).
- Do not attach wiring for other
vehicle systems to terminals or buss bars used by TCM grounds (wires 109 and 169)
the TCM. provide battery ground to the TCM.
- Do not attach more than two ring terminals to either J Do not ground vehicle systems to the TCM signal
the TCM power or TCM ground buss bar stud (this return or ground terminals.
reduces the loosening of terminals over time).
J Total resistance for TCM power or ground circuit J Never use chassis for system grounds.
cannot exceed 100 mOhms. J Do not ground the TCM to a common point with
J Power and ground must maintain the minimum other large loads such as headlights, sirens, large
supply voltage defined in Tech Data Controls solenoids or non-electronic loads.
Specifications throughout all operating conditions.
- This can cause voltage surges and intermittent
J Power and ground wires must be as short and control problems.
direct as possible to minimize voltage drop.
J Do not connect signal return wires 103 and 158
J The number of electrical connections between to any other ground wire to chassis ground.
the TCM and battery must be minimized to
reduce the potential for poor connections,
corrosion, etc. If the vehicle is equipped with a master
electrical disconnect switch, the switch
TCM power supply (wires 110 and 170) should be located in the positive (power)
provide power directly to the system side of the system.
from the battery. J Locating the switch on the ground side of the
J 12V or 24V power must be provided to the TCM system may result in generated electrical "noise"
through a 10 or 15 amp fuse. and possible loss of transmission system
J The TCM power fuse is required to protect the functions.
TCM from reverse polarity. J When the switch is located on the ground side,
J High resistive electrical or electro-mechanical the TCM might remain powered at all times, even
loads cannot be connected on the TCM power when the master switch is in the Off position.
circuit.
J The TCM must have battery power at all times
when the engine is running and for a short period
of time after the ignition switch is turned off.

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Mandatory Interface: Ignition Power
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

The ignition sense power signal is turned J This process is normally completed in
On with the ignition switch. approximately two seconds.
J The signal from wire 163 turns the TCM On from J If the system includes a shift selector display
its powered-down state. (3000/4000 Product Families) the display goes
blank after the power down is complete.
- The TCM reads the calibration data in memory,
reads the PROM, checks all sensors for readiness, J Wire 163 must not be powered in the accessory
then commands the transmission and shift selector position due to the potential of significant and
to Neutral. unnecessary battery drain.
- Throttle position calibration is adjusted as necessary
from the stored data and the Neutral Start relay The TCM power signal must be provided
activates to allow engine start. through a 10 or 15 amp fuse, or a
- Once the engine is running, wire 163 must remain manually-reset circuit breaker.
powered at all times.
Ignition input to the TCM must be free of
After the ignition switch is turned Off, the
unsuppressed inductive loads and must
TCM powers down when both input and
stay powered continually during engine
output speeds are zero and the
cranking and during the switch transition
appropriate data has been stored in
between "crank" and "run."
memory.

Ignition Power

Turns the
TCM on from
its power-
down state

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Mandatory Interface: Check Trans Light
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

Every installation requires a Check Trans The light may be controlled either by
warning light to indicate a problem has hardwiring or by messages over the
been detected in the transmission or vehicle communications datalink.
control system and that shifts may be
restricted. When installed using the hardwire
interface (wire 129), the Check Trans
Check Trans light is supplied and installed light is illuminated when the TCM switches
by the vehicle builder and must include the wire 129 from open to ground.
following properties: J If current draw exceeds 0.5 amps, the light must
J Labeled "Check Trans." be activated through a circuit which includes a
relay.
J Located in the dash panel.
J Red or amber in color. Do not use this signal in a vehicle
shutdown system.
J Clearly visible in bright sunlight.

Check Trans Light

- Can be
controlled as
shown here or
by a message
over the vehicle
datalink
- Do not use this
signal in a
vehicle
shutdown
system

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Mandatory Interface: Range Inhibited Light
(1000/2000 Product Families Only)
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

Every 1000/2000 installation requires a When installed via wire 124, the Range
Range Inhibited indicator which alerts the Inhibited light is illuminated when the TCM
driver that transmission operation is being switches wire 124 from open to ground.
inhibited and requested range shifts may J The provision includes a bulb check feature which
not occur.
activates wire 124 and illuminates the Range
J Range Inhibited indicator can be hard wired (wire Inhibited light for approximately two seconds
124) or communicate over the J1939 datalink. immediately after the ignition is turned On.

The Range Inhibited light is supplied and

installed by the vehicle builder and must
include the following properties:
J Labeled "Range Inhibited" or "Range Inhibit."
J Located in the dash panel or on/near the shift
selector.
J Preferred color is red; amber is acceptable
alternative.
J The light must be clearly visible in bright sunlight.
J The circuit must include a relay if current is 0.5
amps or greater.

Range Inhibit Indicator: 1000/2000

- Can be controlled as shown
here or by a message over
the vehicle datalink

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Mandatory Interface: Neutral Start
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

Wire 141 goes from open to positive TCM Voltage during engine cranking must not
voltage when Neutral has been selected fall below the relay dropout voltage.
and attained.
Do not use the Neutral Start feature to
J This signal is used to close an external circuit
operate other vehicle systems which
which verifies that the transmission is in Neutral
require Neutral Indicator.
for engine start.
J Two output features (Range Indicator and Neutral
The relay contact circuit must be Indicator for PTO) are available for this purpose.
protected by a customer-furnished 15
amp fuse. A Neutral Start relay is provided in the
optional Vehicle Interface Module (VIM).

Neutral Start
- Can be controlled as shown
here or by a message over
the vehicle datalink

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Mandatory Interface: Speedometer Signal
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

Provides a zero to (VBAT - 2) volt pulse J If a different type of speedometer is needed,

signal from the TCM to drive an electronic wire 125 may be used as an input to a signal
speedometer. converter.
J The signal conforms to a 50% duty cycle
Do not splice into the transmission
square wave.
harness to use the signal directly from
J The number of pulses per output shaft revolution the output speed sensor.
may vary by calibration and transmission model. J Speed sensor signals are for transmission
TCM use only.
The speedometer signal may be used
directly by the speedometer or other
device.

Speedometer Signal
- Can be controlled as shown
here or by a message over
the vehicle datalink
- Conforms to 50% duty cycle
square wave

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Mandatory Interface: Reverse Warning
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

Wire 165 goes from open to ground A Reverse Warning relay is provided in
when Reverse has been commanded by the optional Vehicle Interface Module
the TCM. (VIM).
J The relay contact circuit must be protected by a
This signal can be used with an external
customer-furnished 15 amp fuse.
relay for functions related to reverse
operation, including backup lights and
audible horns or beepers.

Reverse Warning
- Can be controlled as shown
here or by a message over
the vehicle datalink

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M a n d a t o r y I n t e r f a c e : J 19 3 9 S h i f t S e l e c t o r
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

Allison 4th Generation Controls The shift selectors are also equipped with
3000/4000 shift selectors communicate a single wire backup to the J1939 CAN
with the TCM by exchanging standardized datalink.
digital messages over the J1939 J Directional information (R, N, D) is transmitted to
controller area network (CAN).
the TCM in the form of analog pulse-width
J The physical network consists of a two-wire modulated signals on wire 134.
twisted pair, two 120 ohm termination resistors J An internal driver switches On and Off to vary the
and recommended third shield wire.
voltage duty cycle on wire 134.
J A 120 ohm termination resistor is located at each
end of the network to maintain appropriate J1939
signal quality.
J Vehicle OEMs may choose to configure the
network to take advantage of the 120 ohm
resistors built into Allison 4th Generation Controls
TCMs and shift selectors.

J1939 Shift Selector

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Mandatory Interface: TransID
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

TransID enables the TCM to recognize J TCM senses the transmission configurations
various transmission hardware using TID wire 176, designated "TransID A" on
configurations and select an appropriate the transmission nameplate.
software calibration. - Wire 176 is connected to High Side Driver 1 (HSD1),
wire 111.
J If a matching calibration does not exist in
memory, the TCM registers a diagnostic code.
J TCM will automatically load the correct calibration
(if installed in the TCM) based on the TransID
J TransID only works when the controller and signal sensed by Autodetect during the first 25
transmission have the same generation controls. engine starts.

TransID (TID)

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Communication Interface
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

J Several factors determine if a given physical

datalink connection, communication protocol,
message/parameter or datalink-based function is
supported in a particular Allison transmission
application, including:
- TCM model.
- Transmission series or family.
- Software level.
- Calibration settings as specified by the
OEM via PCCS.
- Allison Autodetection logic.

Communication Interfaces

Communication Interfaces

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Communication Interface
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

SAE J1939 is a CAN-based (CAN 1.0), J High speed data sharing (250,000 baud).
all-encompassing Recommended Practice J Allows for open and closed loop control among
which defines not only the messages and
vehicle engine, transmission and brake system.
data content, but also hardware, wiring
and connector requirements. J Three options for TCM J1939 interface - stub
interface, pass-through interface, and backbone
J Provides more "real-time" distribution and sharing
termination interface.
of information compared to J1587.

TCM J1939 Interface: TCM J1939 Interface:

Option 1 - Stub Option 2 – Pass-Through

TCM J1939 Interface: Option 3 –

Backbone Termination

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Communication Interface
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

SAE J2284 is another CAN-based J Only for use with Allison Service and
Recommended Practice for GMLAN use. Engineering tools.
J High speed (500,000 baud) protocol that covers J Three options for TCM J2284 interface - stub
both physical and datalink layers. interface, pass-through interface, and backbone
termination interface.
J Does not define message content or format other
than CAN 2.0b compatible. (continued)

TCM J2284 Interface: TCM J2284 Interface:

Option 1 - Stub Option 2 – Pass-Through

TCM J2284 Interface: Option 3 – Backbone Interface

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Communication Interface
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

J1587 is a low speed (9600 baud)

communication protocol.
J Sometimes refered to as serial
communication interface.

J1587 TCM Interface

ISO 9141 is a low speed (9600 baud)

communication protocol.
J Conveys diagnostic information only.
J ISO 9141 is only available on A43 TCMs.
J This input is no longer required as the TCM now
has a dedicated ISO 9141 input.

TCM ISO 9141 Interface

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Calibration Settings
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

PCCS offers the OEM many

options for tailoring a Calibration Settings
specific transmission
calibration.
J This chart applies to options
affecting datalink, message or
parameter support.
J To best understand the datalink
support for a given calibration,
reference the PCCS Calibration
Summary Report in conjunction
with the J1939 Message
Overview Chart (located in the
Tech Data Datalink
Communications document).

Calibration Settings

* AFRI = Auxiliary Function Range Inhibit

** DCE = Direction Change Enable

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Autodetect
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

Autodetect reduces the

number of customer Auto-Detect: Input Source
modifiable parameters that
must be set by the vehicle
OEM.

Selection Process:
J Input Source Type (3000/4000
Product Families only)
- Allison 4th Generation software
may pick J1939 before J1587.
- Analog sensors are given
highest priority under the
assumption that an OEM or Auto-Detect: Parameter Source Address (Multiplexing)
customer would only go to the
trouble/expense of adding a
sensor if they intended to use it.
J J1939 Message Source
Address
J J1939 Parameter Source
Address (Multiplexing)
- Two or more copies of a given
message come from two or
more sources on a given
vehicle network.
- Multiplexing or "muxing"
generally refers to message
multiplexing.

Auto-Detect: Parameter Source

Address (Multiplexing)

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Optional Interface: Vocational Groups and Packages
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

N O T E : Reference Tech Data

(available on the Allison Extranet) Vocational Packages & Groups
for complete and optional
Input/Output wiring schematics.
The Troubleshooting Manuals also
include I/O schematics.

Optional features are

available in Vocational
Packages and Groups.
J Determine the product family
(1000/2000 or 3000/4000).
J Reference the appropriate
Selection Guide in Allison Tech
Data.
J Locate the Vocational Group
(EVS, HS, PTS, etc.)
J Use the Vocational Package
Number to determine which
features are programmed.

Vocational Packages & Groups

1. Select Controls 3. Select the
(1000/2000) Vocational
Group &
2. Use I/O Package
Selection Guide
4. Locate the I/Os
within the
Package

Vocational Packages & Groups

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Optional Interface: J1939-Based Input/Output Features
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

Several of the J1939

I/O Features
features have analog
or wire equivalents.

Accelerator Pedal
Kickdown is an
example of a function
which can now be
provided by a J1939
message. NOTE: “Std.” indicates feature enabled using Allison DOCTM.

I/O Features Accelerator Pedal Kickdown

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Optional Interface: 3rd Lockup Pump Mode (1000/2000 Product Families)
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

3rd Lockup Pump Mode has been added

as a 1000/2000 Product Families
optional input/output feature.
J 3rd Lockup Pump Mode fails to 3rd range during
electrical failure or interruption.

3rd Lockup Pump Mode – 1000/2000

Transfer Case Low has been added as a

1000/2000 Product Families optional
input/output feature.

Transfer Case Low - Input Wire 122

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Questions and Answers
Allison 4th Generation Controls Vehicle Interface

(Circle all appropriate answers) 5 ) I S O 9 14 1 :

A. Is a low-speed communication protocol
1) 3000/4000 shift selectors: available on A43 TCMs only.
A. Must be interfaced using analog wiring only. B. Is available with all 4th Generation
B. Communicate with the TCM by exchanging Controls TCMs.
digital messages over the J1939 network. C. Must be interfaced on all 1000/2000
C. Can only be connected to the J1939 backbone Product Families transmissions.
as a "pass-through" interface. D. Can include a self-diagnostic loop which
D. Are only available in a strip pushbutton specifically identifies any wiring harness
configuration. problems.

2) TransID: 6) Autodetect:
A. Is no longer available or necessary with A. Is no longer available with 4th
Allison 4th Generation Controls. Generation Controls.
B. Is designated as TransID 4 for 4th B. Reduces the number of customer modifiable
Generation Controls. parameters that must be set by the vehicle
OEM.
C. Enables the TCM to recognize various
transmission hardware configurations and C. Always selects a J1939 source first rather
select an appropriate software calibration. than searching for the same signal on an
analog wire.
D. Works with all transmission controllers and
transmissions, regardless of control system. D. Must be enabled by the installing
dealer or OEM.
3) Allison 4th Generation Controls
communication interface: 7) Two new 4th Generation Controls
input/output functions include:
A. Provides fewer options compared to previous
control communication interfaces. A. Auxiliary Function Range Inhibit for Oil Field
and Aircraft applications.
B. Is determined by several factors, including TCM
model and software level. B. Reverse Enable and Reverse Inhibit.
C. Is optional - there are no requirements C. 3rd Lockup Pump Mode and Transfer Case
regarding communication interface. Low for 1000/2000 transmissions.
D. Must include the VIM (Vehicle Interface Module) D. TransID 1 and TransID 3.
when connecting J1939.

4) J2284:
A. Is a required communication interface for all 4th
Generation Controls-equipped transmissions.
B. Allows only one communication interface option.
C. Is a high-speed protocol for GMLAN use.
D. Communicates at 200,000 baud maximum.

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